Dates on history table. Dates of the history of Russia for passing the exam

2-4 million years - the beginning of the separation of man from the animal world (the use of sticks, stones by Australopithecus).

X-III millennium BC - the Neolithic revolution.

III millennium BC - 476 AD - the era of the most ancient civilizations (states).

776 BC - The first Olympic Games in Ancient Greece.

773 BC According to legend, Rome was founded by the brothers Romulus and Remus.

594 BC - reforms of the Athenian archon Solon, the first known reforms in the history of mankind.

336-323 BC. - The reign and military campaigns of Alexander the Great.

395-1453 – Eastern Roman Empire or Byzantium

476 - the fall of the Roman Empire, the transition from ancient history to the history of the Middle Ages.

800 - coronation in Rome of Charlemagne.

862 - the beginning of the Old Russian statehood, the Rurik dynasty (862-1598).

988 - the adoption of Christianity by Ancient Russia under Vladimir I (980-1015).

1054 - the split of Christianity into Catholicism and Orthodoxy.

1147 - foundation of Moscow.

1206-1242 - Mongol military expansion under the leadership of Genghis Khan and his successors.

1243-1480 - Mongol-Tatar yoke over Russian lands.

1480 - "standing on the Ugra", the end of the Mongol-Tatar yoke.

1517 - the beginning of the Reformation after the theses of Martin Luther.

1547 - the coronation of Ivan IV Vasilyevich to the kingdom, the beginning of reforms in the Muscovite state.

1605-1613 - Time of Troubles in Russia (1613-1917 - the reign of the Romanov dynasty).

1649 - the legal registration of serfdom in Russia by the Cathedral Code.

1640-1688 — English bourgeois revolution.

1682-1725 - the reign of Peter the Great (emperor since 1721).

1703 - the foundation of the city of St. Petersburg.

1776 - Declaration of Independence of the United States of America.

1789-1799 - French bourgeois revolution.

1812, September 7 - Battle of Borodino, the decisive battle of the Patriotic War of 1812 against Napoleon.

1861-1865 - American Civil War.

1871 - completion of the unification of Germany.

1929-1933 - global economic crisis.

1933 - A. Hitler's coming to power, the "new course" of F.D. Roosevelt.

1992-1998 - radical socio-economic reforms in Russia.

1993 - Creation of the European Union.

2008-2011 - global economic crisis.

Literature for the entire study guide.

* Vasiliev L.S. General History: (textbook: in 6 volumes). - M .: Higher School, 2007.

* History of international relations: the main stages from antiquity to the present day: textbook .- M .: Logos, 2007.

* History of Russia: from ancient times to the beginning of the XXI century (textbook). Under. ed. Corresponding Member RAS A.N. Sakharova.- M.: AST: Astrel; Vladimir: VKT, 2009.

* History of mankind: (in 8 volumes). - Ed. Z.Ya. De Laata.- Paris, UNESCO; M.: MAGISTR-PRESS, 2003.

* Krasnyak O.A. World History: (a unified idea of the patterns of historical development of the countries of the West and the East from ancient times to the present day) .- M .: URSS: Publishing House of LKI, 2008.

* Domestic History: Textbook for technical universities / Ed. V.V. Fortunatova. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2005.

* Platova E.E., Ovodenko A.A. History of foreign economic relations in questions and answers. - St. Petersburg, 2005.

* Sadokhin A.P. History of world culture: a textbook for universities. - M .: Unity, 2010.

* Wells G.D. General history of world civilization. - 2nd ed. - M .: Eksmo, 2007.

* Fortunatov V.V. Domestic History: A Textbook for Humanitarian Universities. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2007.

* Fortunatov V.V. Codes of national history. A manual for test graduates (USE), applicants and university students. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2009.

* Fortunatov V.V. Russian history in faces. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2009.

* Fortunatov V. V. Russian history in aphorisms. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2010.

* Fortunatov V. V. History of world civilizations. - St. Petersburg: Peter, 2011.

* Yakovlev I.A. The history of mankind: the history of the relationship between man and nature as a civilizational process. - St. Petersburg: Aleteyya, 2006.

Dvornichenko A.Yu. Russian history from ancient times to the fall of the autocracy. Textbook.- M .: Publishing House "Ves Mir", 2010- P.172.

Both victories of Alexander Nevsky are included in the list of the Days of Military Glory of Russia, which is officially approved by the Russian government.

It seems noteworthy that in the course of the television project RTR "Name of Russia" in 2008, Alexander Nevsky took first place among Russian viewers.

Some authors believe that it was not difficult to take the Bastille and the head of the prison was executed for nothing. But other French people and not only believe that the revolution began with a beautiful and symbolic action.

Konotopov M.V., Smetanin S.I. History of the Russian economy. M.: Paleotype: Logos, 2004. S. 51-52.

Mironov B.N. Social history of Russia during the period of the empire (XVIII-early XX century): Genesis of personality, democratic family, civil society and the rule of law. St. Petersburg: Dm. Bulanin, 1999. Vol. 1, 2. 548+ 566 p. 3rd ed. St. Petersburg: Dm. Bulanin, 2003.

Dvornichenko A.Yu. Russian history from ancient times to the fall of autocracy.- M.: Ves Mir, 2010.- P.447.

See: State Security of Russia: History and Modernity / Ed. ed. R. N. Baiguzina.- M.: "Russian Political Encyclopedia" (ROSSPEN), 2004.- P.507-514.

65 years of the Great Victory. In six volumes / Ed. S.E. Naryshkina, A.V. Torkunova-M.: "MGIMO-University", 2010.

See: Soviet Foreign Policy during the Cold War (1945-1985). New reading. M., 1995.- S. 210.

The seal of secrecy has been removed. Losses of the Armed Forces of the USSR in wars, combat operations and military conflicts. Statistical research. M.: Military publishing house, 1993. S. 407–409.

For several centuries, Russia experienced ups and downs, but eventually became a kingdom with its capital in Moscow.

Brief periodization

The history of Russia began in 862, when the Viking Rurik arrived in Novgorod, proclaimed a prince in this city. Under his successor, the political center moved to Kyiv. With the advent of fragmentation in Russia, several cities began to argue with each other for the right to become the main one in the East Slavic lands.

This feudal period was interrupted by the invasion of the Mongol hordes and the established yoke. In extremely difficult conditions of devastation and constant wars, Moscow became the main Russian city, which finally united Russia and made it independent. In the XV-XVI centuries this name became a thing of the past. It was replaced by the word "Russia", adopted in the Byzantine manner.

In modern historiography, there are several points of view on the question of when feudal Russia went into the past. Most often, researchers believe that this happened in 1547, when Prince Ivan Vasilyevich took the title of king.

The emergence of Russia

The ancient united Russia, whose history began in the 9th century, appeared after the Novgorodians captured Kyiv in 882 and made this city their capital. During this era, the East Slavic tribes were divided into several tribal unions (Polan, Dregovichi, Krivichi, etc.). Some of them were at enmity with each other. The inhabitants of the steppes also paid tribute to the Khazars, hostile foreigners.

Unification of Russia

Northeastern or great Russia became the center of the struggle against the Mongols. This confrontation was led by the princes of small Moscow. At first they were able to obtain the right to collect taxes from all Russian lands. Thus, part of the money settled in the Moscow treasury. When enough strength had gathered, Dmitry Donskoy found himself in open confrontation with the Golden Horde khans. In 1380, his army defeated Mamai.

But even despite this success, for another century, Moscow rulers periodically paid tribute. Only after in 1480 the yoke was finally thrown off. At the same time, under Ivan III, almost all Russian lands, including Novgorod, were united around Moscow. In 1547, his grandson Ivan the Terrible assumed the title of tsar, which was the end of the history of princely Russia and the beginning of a new tsarist Russia.

Must necessarily include the memorization of several of the most important dates in the history of Russia. We offer a list to remember the most important of them:

Brief Chronology of the History of Russia.

6th century n. e., from 530 - the Great Migration of the Slavs. The first mention of the people grew / Russ
860 - the first campaign of the Rus against Constantinople
862 - The year to which the "Tale of Bygone Years" relates the "calling of the Norman king" Rurik.
911 - The campaign of the Kyiv prince Oleg to Constantinople and an agreement with Byzantium.
941 - The campaign of the Kyiv prince Igor to Constantinople.
944 - Treaty of Igor with Byzantium.
945 - 946 - Submission to Kyiv of the Drevlyans
957 - Princess Olga's trip to Tsargrad
964–966 - Campaigns of Svyatoslav against the Kama Bulgarians, Khazars, Yases and Kasogs
967–971 - War of Prince Svyatoslav with Byzantium
988–990 - The beginning of the baptism of Russia
1037 - Laying of the Sophia Cathedral in Kyiv
1043 - Prince Vladimir's campaign against Byzantium
1045–1050 - Construction of the Sophia Cathedral in Novgorod
1073 - "Izbornik" of Prince Svyatoslav Yaroslavich
1100 - The second congress of princes in Uvetichi (Vitichev)
1147 - The first annalistic mention of Moscow
1158–1160 - Construction of the Assumption Cathedral in Vladimir-on-Klyazma
1169 - The capture of Kyiv by the troops of Andrei Bogolyubsky and his allies
February 25, 1170 - Victory of the Novgorodians over the troops of Andrei Bogolyubsky and his allies
1188 - Approximate date of the appearance of "The Tale of Igor's Campaign"
1202 - Founding of the Order of the Sword (Livonian Order)
1206 - Proclamation of Temujin as the "Great Khan" of the Mongols and the adoption of the name of Genghis Khan by him
1223 May 31 - Battle of Russian princes and Polovtsy on the river. Kalka
1224 - Capture of Yuryev (Tartu) by the Germans
1237 - Unification of the Order of the Sword and the Teutonic Order
1237–1238 - The invasion of Khan Batu in North-Eastern Russia
March 4, 1238 - Battle on the river. City
1240 July 15 - The victory of the Novgorod prince Alexander Yaroslavich over the Swedish knights on the river. Neva
1240 December 6 (or November 19) - The capture of Kyiv by the Mongol-Tatars
April 5, 1242 - "Battle on the Ice" on Lake Peipsi
1243 - Formation of the Golden Horde.
1378 - The first victory of Russian troops over the Tatars on the river. vozhe
September 8, 1380 - Battle of Kulikovo
1382 - Khan Tokhtamysh's campaign against Moscow
1395 - The defeat of the Golden Horde by Timur (Tamerlane)
1410 July 15 - Battle of Grunwald. Ragrom of German knights by Polish-Lithuanian-Russian troops
1469–1472 - Travel of Athanasius Nikitin to India
1471 - Ivan III's campaign against Novgorod. Battle on the river Sheloni
1480 - "Standing" on the river. Acne. The end of the Tatar-Mongol yoke.
1484–1508 - Construction of the Moscow Kremlin. Construction of cathedrals and the Palace of Facets
1507–1508, 1512–1522 - Wars of the Muscovite state with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania. Return of Smolensk and Smolensk land
1510 - Accession of Pskov to Moscow
January 16, 1547 - The wedding of Ivan IV to the kingdom
1550 - Sudebnik of Ivan the Terrible. Creation of the archery army
October 3, 1550 - Decree on the placement of the "chosen thousand" in the districts adjacent to Moscow
1552 - Capture of Kazan by Russian troops. Accession of the Kazan Khanate
1556 - Accession of Astrakhan to Russia
1558–1583 - Livonian War
1565–1572 - Oprichnina
1569 - Union of Lublin. The formation of the Commonwealth
1582 January 15 - Truce of the Russian state with the Commonwealth in Zapolsky Pit
1589 - Establishment of the patriarchate in Moscow
1590–1593 - War of the Russian state with Sweden
May 1591 - The death of Tsarevich Dmitry in Uglich
1595 - Conclusion of the Tyavzinsky peace with Sweden
1598 January 7 - Death of Tsar Fyodor Ivanovich and the end of the Rurik dynasty
1604 October - Intervention of False Dmitry I into the Russian state
1605 June - The overthrow of the Godunov dynasty in Moscow. Accession of False Dmitry I
1606 - Uprising in Moscow and the assassination of False Dmitry I
1607 - The beginning of the intervention of False Dmitry II
1609–1618 - Open Polish-Swedish intervention
1611 March-April - Creation of a militia against the interventionists
1611 September-October - Creation of the militia under the leadership of Minin and Pozharsky in Nizhny Novgorod
October 26, 1612 - The capture of the Moscow Kremlin by the militia of Minin and Pozharsky
1613 - February 7–21 - Election by the Zemsky Sobor to the kingdom of Mikhail Fedorovich Romanov
1633 - Death of Patriarch Filaret, father of Tsar Mikhail Fedorovich
1648 - Uprising in Moscow - "Salt Riot"
1649 - "Cathedral Code" of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich
1649–1652 - Campaigns of Yerofey Khabarov to the Daurian land along the Amur
1652 - Nikon's consecration to the patriarchs
1653 - Zemsky Sobor in Moscow and the decision to reunite Ukraine with Russia
1654 January 8–9 - Pereyaslav Rada Reunification of Ukraine with Russia
1654–1667 - War between Russia and Poland over Ukraine
January 30, 1667 - Truce of Andrusovo
1670–1671 - Peasant war led by S. Razin
1676–1681 - The war of Russia with Turkey and the Crimea for the Right-Bank Ukraine
January 3, 1681 - Truce of Bakhchisaray
1682 - Abolition of parochialism
1682 May - Streltsy uprising in Moscow
1686 - "Perpetual Peace" with Poland
1687–1689 - Crimean campaigns of the book. V.V. Golitsyn
August 27, 1689 - Treaty of Nerchinsk with China
1689 September - The overthrow of Princess Sophia
1695–1696 - Azov campaigns of Peter I
1696 January 29 - death of Ivan V. Establishment of autocracy of Peter I
1697–1698 - "The Great Embassy" of Peter I to Western Europe
1698 April-June - Streltsy revolt
1699 December 20 - Decree on the introduction of a new chronology from January 1, 1700
1700 July 13 - Constantinople truce with Turkey
1700–1721 - Northern war of Russia with Sweden
1700 - Death of Patriarch Adrian. Appointment of Stefan Yavorsky as locum tenens of the patriarchal throne
1700 November 19 - defeat of Russian troops near Narva
1703 - The first exchange in Russia (merchants' meeting) in St. Petersburg
1707–1708 - Uprising on the Don K. Bulavin
June 27, 1709 - The defeat of the Swedish troops at Poltava
1711 - Prut campaign of Peter I
1712 - Decree for the establishment of commercial and industrial companies
March 23, 1714 - Decree of Uniform Succession
July 27, 1714 - Victory of the Russian fleet over the Swedish at Gangut
1721 August 30 - Treaty of Nystad between Russia and Sweden
October 22, 1721 - Acceptance of the imperial title by Peter I
January 24, 1722 - Table of Ranks
1722–1723 - Persian campaign of Peter I
January 28, 1724 - Decree on the establishment of the Russian Academy of Sciences
January 28, 1725 - Death of Peter I
1726 February 8 - Establishment of the Supreme Privy Council
May 6, 1727 - death of Catherine I
January 19, 1730 - Death of Peter II
1731 - Repeal of the decree of single inheritance
1735–1739 - Russian-Turkish war
1740 from November 8 to 9 - Palace coup, overthrow of the regent Biron. Announcement of the regent Anna Leopoldovna
1741–1743 - Russia's war with Sweden
November 25, 1741 - Palace coup, enthronement of Elizabeth Petrovna by the guards
June 16, 1743 - Peace of Abo with Sweden
January 12, 1755 - Decree on the founding of Moscow University
August 30, 1756 - Decree on the establishment of a Russian theater in St. Petersburg (troupe of F. Volkov)
1759 August 1 (12) - Victory of the Russian troops at Kunnersdorf
September 28, 1760 - Capture of Berlin by Russian troops
February 18, 1762 - Manifesto "On the Liberty of the Nobility"
July 6, 1762 - Murder of Peter III and accession to the throne of Catherine II
1764 - Establishment of the Smolny Institute in St. Petersburg
1764 from July 4 to 5 - Attempted coup by V.Ya. Mirovich. The murder of Ivan Antonovich in the Shlisselburg fortress
1770 June 24–26 - Defeat of the Turkish fleet in the Chesme Bay
1773–1775 - The first section of the Commonwealth
1773–1775 - Peasant war led by E.I. Pugacheva
July 10, 1774 - Peace of Kuchuk-Kainarzhi with Turkey
1783 - Annexation of Crimea to Russia 1785 April 21 - Letters of grant to the nobility and cities
1787–1791 - Russian-Turkish war
1788–1790 - Russo-Swedish War of 1791 December 29 - Peace of Jassy with Turkey
1793 - Second partition of the Commonwealth
1794 - Polish uprising led by T. Kosciuszko and its suppression
1795 - Third Partition of Poland
1796 - Formation of the Little Russian province 1796–1797 - War with Persia
1799 - Italian and Swiss campaigns by A.V. Suvorov
January 18, 1801 - Manifesto on the annexation of Georgia to Russia
1801 from March 11 to 12 - Palace coup. Assassination of Paul I. Accession to the throne of Alexander I
1804–1813 - Russo-Iranian War
November 20, 1805 - Battle of Austerlitz
1806–1812 - Russia's war with Turkey
June 25, 1807 - Peace of Tilsit
1808–1809 - Russo-Swedish war
1810 January 1 - Establishment of the Council of State
1812 - Napoleon's "Great Army" invades Russia. Patriotic War
August 26, 1812 - Battle of Borodino
January 1, 1813 - Beginning of the foreign campaign of the Russian army
1813 October 16–19 – "Battle of the Nations" at Leipzig
March 19, 1814 - Allied troops enter Paris
1814 September 19 -1815 May 28 - Congress of Vienna
December 14, 1825 - Decembrist uprising in St. Petersburg
1826–1828 - Russo-Iranian War
October 20, 1827 - Battle of Navarino Bay
1828 February 10 - Treaty of Turkmenchay with Iran
1828–1829 - Russian-Turkish war
1829 September 2 - Treaty of Adrianople with Turkey
1839–1843 - Monetary reform of Count E. f. Kancrina
1853–1856 - Crimean War
1854 September - 1855 August - Defense of Sevastopol
1856 March 18 - Treaty of Paris
1860 May 31 - Establishment of the State Bank
1861 February 19 - Abolition of serfdom
1861 - Establishment of the Council of Ministers
1863 June 18 - University charter
1864 November 20 - Judicial reform decree. "New judicial statutes"
1865 - Military judicial reform
April 25, 1875 - Treaty of Petersburg between Russia and Japan (on South Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands)
1877–1878 - Russian-Turkish war
1879 August - The split of "Land and Freedom" into "Black Repartition" and "Narodnaya Volya"
1881 March 1 - Assassination of Alexander II by revolutionary populists
1885 January 7–18 – Morozov strike
1892 - Russo-French secret military convention
1896 - Invention of the radiotelegraph by A.S. Popov
May 18, 1896 - Khodynskaya tragedy in Moscow during the coronation of Nicholas II
1898 March 1–2 - I Congress of the RSDLP
1902 - Formation of the party of socialist revolutionaries (SRs)
1904–1905 - Russo-Japanese War
1905 January 9 - "Bloody Sunday" Beginning of the first Russian revolution
1905 April - Formation of the Russian Monarchist Party and the "Union of the Russian People".
1905 May 12-June 1 - General strike in Ivanovo-Voskresensk. Formation of the first Soviet of Workers' Deputies
1905 May 14–15 – Battle of Tsushima
1905 June 9–11 – Łódź Uprising
1905 June 14–24 - Uprising on the battleship Potemkin
1905 August 23 - Treaty of Portsmouth with Japan
1905 October 12–18 – Constituent Congress of the Constitutional Democratic Party (Kadets)
1905 October 13 - Creation of the St. Petersburg Council of Workers' Deputies
October 17, 1905 - Manifesto of Nicholas II
1905 November - The emergence of the "Union of October 17" (Octobrists)
1905 December 9–19 - Moscow armed uprising
1906 April 27-July 8 - First State Duma
1906 November 9 - Beginning of the agrarian reform P.A. Stolypin
1914 July 19 (August 1) - Germany declares war on Russia. The beginning of the first world war
1916 May 22-July 31 - Brusilovsky breakthrough
December 17, 1916 - Assassination of Rasputin
February 26, 1917 - Beginning of the transition of troops to the side of the revolution
February 27, 1917 - February Revolution. The overthrow of the autocracy in Russia
March 3, 1917 - Abdication led. book. Mikhail Alexandrovich. Declaration of the Provisional Government
1917 June 9–24 - I All-Russian Congress of Soviets of Workers' and Soldiers' Deputies
1917 August 25-September 1 - Kornilov rebellion
1917 October 24–25 – Armed Bolshevik coup. Overthrow of the Provisional Government
October 25, 1917 - Opening of the II All-Russian Congress of Soviets
October 26, 1917 - Decrees of the Soviets on peace, on land. "Declaration of the Rights of the Peoples of Russia"
1917 November 12 - Elections to the Constituent Assembly
December 7, 1917 - Decision of the Council of People's Commissars to create the All-Russian Extraordinary Commission for Combating Counter-Revolution (VChK)
December 14, 1917 - Decree of the All-Russian Central Executive Committee on the nationalization of banks
December 18, 1917 - Independence of Finland
1918–1922 - Civil war on the territory of the former Russian Empire
January 6, 1918 - Dispersal of the Constituent Assembly
January 26, 1918 - Decree on the transition to a new calendar style from February 1 (14)
1918 - March 3 - The conclusion of the Brest peace
July 10, 1918 - Adoption of the Constitution of the RSFSR
January 16, 1920 - The blockade of Soviet Russia by the Entente is lifted
1920 - Soviet-Polish war
1921 February 28-March 18 - Kronstadt uprising
1921 March 8–16 - X Congress of the RCP (b). Decision on the "new economic policy"
March 18, 1921 - Riga Peace Treaty of the RSFSR with Poland
1922 April 10-May 19 - Genoa Conference
1922 April 16 - Rappal Separate Treaty of the RSFSR with Germany
December 27, 1922 - Formation of the USSR
December 30, 1922 - I Congress of Soviets of the USSR
January 31, 1924 - Approval of the Constitution of the USSR
1928 October - 1932 December - First five-year plan. Beginning of industrialization in the USSR
1930 - Beginning of complete collectivization
1933–1937 - Second Five Year Plan
December 1, 1934 - Assassination of S.M. Kirov. Deployment of mass terror in the USSR
December 5, 1936 - Adoption of the Constitution of the USSR
August 23, 1939 - Soviet-German non-aggression pact
1939 September 1 - German attack on Poland. Beginning of World War II
September 17, 1939 - The entry of Soviet troops into Poland
September 28, 1939 - Soviet-German treaty "on friendship and borders"
1939 November 30 - 1940 March 12 - Soviet-Finnish War
June 28, 1940 - The entry of Soviet troops into Bessarabia
1940 June-July - Soviet occupation of Latvia, Lithuania and Estonia
April 13, 1941 - Soviet-Japanese Treaty of Neutrality
June 22, 1941 - Attack of Nazi Germany and its allies on the USSR. The beginning of the Great Patriotic War
1945 May 8 - Act of unconditional surrender of Germany. Soviet victory in the Great Patriotic War
1945 September 2 - Japan's Unconditional Surrender Act
November 20, 1945 - October 1, 1946 - Nuremberg Trials
1946–1950 - The fourth five-year plan. Restoration of the destroyed national economy
1949 January 5–8 - Creation of CMEA
August 29, 1949 - The first test of the atomic bomb in the USSR
June 27, 1954 - Start-up of the world's first nuclear power plant in Obninsk
1955 14m; 1st - Establishment of the Warsaw Pact Organization (WTO)
1955 July 18–23 - Meeting of the heads of government of the USSR, Great Britain, the USA and France in Geneva
1956 February 14–25 - XX Congress of the CPSU
June 30, 1956 - Resolution of the Central Committee of the Communist Party of the Soviet Union "Overcoming the cult of personality and its consequences"
October 4, 1957 - Launch of the world's first artificial Earth satellite in the USSR
April 12, 1961 - Flight of Yu.A. Gagarin on the Vostok spacecraft
1965 - Reform of the economic mechanism of economic management in the USSR
1968 August 21 - Intervention of the countries of the Warsaw Treaty Organization in Czechoslovakia
1971, March 30-April 9 - XXIV Congress of the CPSU
May 26, 1972 - Signing in Moscow of the "Fundamentals of Relations between the USSR and the USA". The beginning of the policy of "détente"
October 7, 1977 - Adoption of the Constitution of "developed socialism" of the USSR
December 24, 1979 - The beginning of the intervention of Soviet troops in Afghanistan
April 26, 1986 - Accident at the Chernobyl nuclear power plant
1987 June-July - The beginning of the policy of "perestroika" in the USSR
1988 June 28-July 1 - XIX conference of the CPSU. The beginning of political reform in the USSR
1989 May 25-June 9. - I Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR, elected on the basis of amendments to the Constitution of the USSR
1990 March 11 - Adoption of the Act of Independence of Lithuania.
1990 March 12–15 - III Extraordinary Congress of People's Deputies of the USSR
1990 May 1st-June 12 - Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR. Declaration of State Sovereignty of Russia
March 17, 1991 - Referendum on the preservation of the USSR and the introduction of the post of President of the RSFSR
June 12, 1991 - Presidential elections in Russia
1991 July 1 - Dissolution in Prague of the Warsaw Treaty Organization (OVD)
1991 August 19–21 - Attempted coup d'état in the USSR (GKChP Case)
1991 December 8 - Signing in Minsk by the leaders of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus of the agreement on the "Commonwealth of Independent States" and the dissolution of the USSR
March 1993 - VIII and IX Congresses of People's Deputies of the Russian Federation
April 25, 1993 - All-Russian referendum on confidence in the policy of the President of Russia
September 21, 1993 - Decree of B.N. Yeltsin "On a phased constitutional reform" and the dissolution of the Supreme Council of the Russian Federation
1993 October 3–4 – Demonstrations and armed uprisings by the pro-communist opposition in Moscow. Storming of the building of the Supreme Council by troops loyal to the President
December 12, 1993 - Elections to the State Duma and the Federation Council. Referendum on the draft of the new Constitution of the Russian Federation
January 11, 1994 - Beginning of the work of the State Duma and the Federation Council of the Russian Federation in Moscow

965 - The defeat of the Khazar Khaganate army of the Kyiv prince Svyatoslav Igorevich.

988 - Baptism of Russia. Kievan Rus accepts Orthodox Christianity.

1223 - Battle on the Kalka- the first battle between the Russians and the Mughals.

1240 - Neva battle- a military conflict between the Russians, led by the Novgorod prince Alexander and the Swedes.

1242 - Battle on Lake Peipsi- a battle between the Russians, led by Alexander Nevsky and the knights of the Livonian Order. This battle went down in history as the Battle on the Ice.

1380 - Battle of Kulikovo- a battle between the united army of Russian principalities led by Dmitry Donskoy and the army of the Golden Horde led by Mamai.

1466 - 1472 - journey of Athanasius Nikitin to Persia, India and Turkey.

1480 - The final deliverance of Russia from the Mongol-Tatar yoke.

1552 - Capture of Kazan Russian troops of Ivan the Terrible, the cessation of the existence of the Kazan Khanate and its inclusion in the Muscovite Russia.

1556 - Accession of the Astrakhan Khanate to Moscow Rus.

1558 - 1583 - Livonian War. The war of the Russian kingdom against the Livonian Order and the subsequent conflict of the Russian kingdom with the Grand Duchy of Lithuania, Poland and Sweden.

1581 (or 1582) - 1585 - Yermak's campaigns in Siberia and battles with the Tatars.

1589 - Establishment of the Patriarchate in Russia.

1604 - The invasion of False Dmitry I in Russia. Beginning of the Time of Troubles.

1606 - 1607 - Bolotnikov's uprising.

1612 - The liberation of Moscow from the Poles by the people's militia of Minin and Pozharsky End of the Time of Troubles.

1613 - Rise to power in Russia of the Romanov dynasty.

1654 - Pereyaslav Rada decided to reunification of Ukraine with Russia.

1667 - Andrusovo truce between Russia and Poland. Left-bank Ukraine and Smolensk went to Russia.

1686 - "Eternal Peace" with Poland. Russia's entry into the anti-Turkish coalition.

1700 - 1721 - North War- fighting between Russia and Sweden.

1783 - Annexation of Crimea to the Russian Empire.

1803 - Decree on free cultivators. The peasants received the right to redeem themselves with land.

1812 - Battle of Borodino- a battle between the Russian army led by Kutuzov and the French troops under the command of Napoleon.

1814 - The capture of Paris by Russian and allied troops.

1817 - 1864 - Caucasian war.

1825 - Decembrist revolt- armed anti-government rebellion of officers of the Russian army.

1825 - built first railroad in Russia.

1853 - 1856 - Crimean War. In this military conflict, the Russian Empire was opposed by England, France and the Ottoman Empire.

1861 - The abolition of serfdom in Russia.

1877 - 1878 - Russo-Turkish War

1914 - Start of World War I and the entry of the Russian Empire into it.

1917 - Revolution in Russia(February and October). In February, after the fall of the monarchy, power passed to the Provisional Government. In October, the Bolsheviks came to power through a coup.

1918 - 1922 - Russian Civil War. It ended with the victory of the Reds (Bolsheviks) and the creation of the Soviet state.
* Separate outbreaks of the civil war began in the autumn of 1917.

1941 - 1945 - War between the USSR and Germany. This confrontation took place within the framework of the Second World War.

1949 - Creation and testing of the first atomic bomb in the USSR.

1961 - First manned flight into space. It was Yuri Gagarin from the USSR.

1991 - The collapse of the USSR and the fall of socialism.

1993 - Acceptance of the constitution by the Russian Federation.

2008 - Armed conflict between Russia and Georgia.

2014 - Return of Crimea to Russia.

1097 - The first congress of princes in Lyubech

1147 - The first annalistic mention of Moscow

1188 - Approximate date of appearance " Words about Igor's regiment »

1206 - Proclamation of Temujin the "Great Khan" of the Mongols and the adoption of the name of Genghis Khan by him

1237-1238 - The invasion of Khan Batu in North-Eastern Russia

1240 July 15 - Victory of the Novgorod prince Alexander Yaroslavich over the Swedish knights on the river. Neva

1327 - uprising against the Mongol-Tatars in Tver

1382 - Khan Tokhtamysh's campaign against Moscow

1471 - Ivan III's campaign against Novgorod. Battle on the river Sheloni

1480 - "Standing" on the river. Acne. The end of the Tatar-Mongol yoke.

1510 - Annexation of Pskov to Moscow

1565-1572 — Oprichnina

1589 - Establishment of the patriarchate in Moscow

1606 - Uprising in Moscow and the murder of False Dmitry I

1607 - The beginning of the intervention of False Dmitry II

1609-1618 – Open Polish-Swedish intervention

1611 September-October - Creation of the militia under the leadership of Minin and Pozharsky in Nizhny Novgorod

1648 - Uprising in Moscow - " salt riot »

1649 - "Cathedral Code" of Tsar Alexei Mikhailovich

1649-1652 - Campaigns of Yerofei Khabarov to the Daurian land along the Amur

1652 - Nikon's consecration to the patriarchs

1670-1671 - Peasants' war led by S. Razina

1682 - Abolition of parochialism

1695-1696 - Azov campaigns of Peter I

1812 - Napoleon's "Great Army" invades Russia. Patriotic War

1814 September 19 -1815 May 28 - Congress of Vienna

1839-1843 - Monetary reform of Count E. f. Kancrina

1865 - Military judicial reform

Spring 1874 - The first mass "going to the people" of revolutionary populists

1875 April 25 - Petersburg Treaty of Russia with Japan (about South Sakhalin and the Kuril Islands)

1881 March 1 - The murder of Alexander II by revolutionary populists

November 9, 1906 - Beginning of the agrarian reforms P.A. Stolypin

1930 - Beginning of complete collectivization

November 30, 1939 - March 12, 1940 - Soviet-Finnish war

June 22, 1941 - Nazi Germany and its allies attack the USSR. The beginning of the Great Patriotic War

1945 May 8 - Act of unconditional surrender of Germany. Soviet victory in the Great Patriotic War

1975 July 30 - August 1 - Conference on Security and Cooperation in Europe (Helsinki). Signing of the Final Act by 33 European countries, the USA and Canada

1990 May 16-June 12 - Congress of People's Deputies of the RSFSR. Declaration of State Sovereignty of Russia

1991 December 8 - Signing in Minsk by the leaders of Russia, Ukraine and Belarus of the agreement on the "Commonwealth of Independent States" and the dissolution of the USSR