Chemosis of the conjunctiva. How to treat swelling of the bulbar conjunctiva. Chemosis of the conjunctiva - causes and treatment Chemosis of the bulbar conjunctiva

Chemosis of the conjunctiva is a pronounced swelling of the mucous membrane of the eye. Before considering the specifics of the disease, it is necessary to understand the structure of the conjunctival membrane. It is the outer epithelial layer that covers the entire inner surface of the eyelids and the anterior part of the organ of vision.

The conjunctiva protects the eyeball from the adverse effects of the environment (dust, chemicals, foreign objects, microorganisms), and also nourishes the tissues of the eye, preventing it from drying out.

If the protective functions were impaired for one reason or another, there is a risk of developing conjunctival chemosis.

Causes

The main symptoms of this disease are hemorrhages, redness, swelling. The edema of the conjunctiva can reach an impressive size, first covering the cornea, and then protruding from the palpebral fissure. Often chemosis is a consequence of allergies or hormonal disorders. The cause of the disease may be the following:

inflammatory processes of the conjunctiva (conjunctivitis) and adjacent areas (barley, phlegmon of the eye);
swelling of the eyelids;
congestion;
the use of certain drugs;
unfavorable environment (too dry climate, dust);
work in hazardous production, including frequent contact with a large number of chemicals;
neoplasms located in the bulbar region;
contact with the eyes of cleaning or detergent substances, as well as foreign micro-objects.

Significant chemosis may appear in severe forms of conjunctivitis. In this case, pus and bacteria accumulate under the edema, which can lead to the appearance of ulcers on the cornea. This form of the disease requires a deeper and longer treatment.

Conjunctival edema can affect both a limited area and the entire surface of the eye, which is very dangerous. Often the area around the eyes swells so much that it becomes difficult for a person to completely close the eye.

Usually chemosis affects only one eye, but sometimes it can spread to the second, which greatly complicates the treatment process. In addition, in this case, a person's vision is blurred and pronounced eye discomfort appears.

How is the treatment going?

Swelling of the conjunctiva of the eye involves treatment by an ophthalmologist, since the use of folk remedies will not bring the desired result. Usually, along with the main treatment, certain drugs are prescribed that will support the body as a whole and speed up the healing process.

It can be both eye drops, ointments, and tablets used orally. To alleviate the course of the disease and reduce symptoms, antihistamines are prescribed.

If the disease was caused by an infection, a course of antibiotics is prescribed. Therapy directly depends on the cause of chemosis, therefore, before starting treatment, the doctor must examine the patient and select drugs that cannot cause complications and the development of chronic eye diseases. The main thing in this matter is to seriously approach the search for a suitable clinic where they can really help you.

In order to prevent the development of this disease, it is recommended to be outdoors more often and give up bad habits, in particular smoking. Thus, the organ of vision will rest more, and the body as a whole will be strengthened. In addition, you should carefully monitor your health and contact a specialist at the first symptoms of eye diseases.

Video

Such clinical manifestations as chemosis of the conjunctiva and cornea indicate the presence of various eye diseases. Sometimes such symptoms indicate damage to other organs and systems, for example, the endocrine or genitourinary system. First of all, it is necessary to conduct an examination of the patient, to identify the pathology and the cause of its formation.

Swelling of the conjunctiva may appear outside the eye or inside it. This usually indicates the appearance of inflammation.

Note! The cause of the development of symptoms can also be the presence, in addition to diseases of the kidneys and thyroid gland, angioedema, as well as a benign or malignant formation.

This symptom is impossible not to notice, because it usually manifests itself quite clearly. Edema is clearly visible in the mirror, and for those around it is noticed.

Initially, the inner part of the eye is exposed to inflammation in direct contact with the environment. The occurrence of puffiness can appear due to various provoking factors. Let us consider in more detail their essence and methods of treatment.

Dry eyes

One of the main reasons for the formation of edema in conjunctivitis is associated with increased dryness of the air. This is possible indoors if it is not ventilated for a long time. You can also get conjunctival edema outdoors in strong winds or under adverse climatic conditions, for example, in a hot, dry place. Rare blinks “dry” the organs of vision when the eyes are strained. This can happen when you use your computer for a long time. With increased dryness of the eyes, in addition to swelling, slight pain occurs, a feeling of sand in the organs of vision. When the eyes are closed, discomfort is also felt. In order to relieve irritation of the conjunctiva, it is necessary to get rid of dryness.

It is not difficult to do this, it is enough to purchase eye drops that can constrict blood vessels, for example, vizin. To avoid re-puffiness, you need to follow some rules of prevention:

First and foremost, reducing daily eye strain.
Now many people use glasses for the computer. They also have a negative effect of the monitor on vision.
Humidification of the organs of vision comes from frequent blinking.
Monitor the state of the air, prevent an increase in dryness, moisten the room more often and ventilate it.
If you often have to spend time at the computer, thereby straining your eyes, you need to periodically give yourself a rest and you can do relaxing exercises and eye massage.

infectious conjunctivitis

It happens that the conjunctiva becomes inflamed and without the influence of the environment. All external signs - swelling, redness, itching - indicate the onset of the disease. We can safely say that the nature of the appearance of the disease is an infection. It affects the eye due to the ingress of certain microorganisms. It can be painful for a person to move their eyes. The patient is concerned about burning and increased lacrimation, possibly the release of purulent fluid from the conjunctiva. Symptoms may present in different ways. In some cases, it is even difficult for a person to open their eyes.

What to do if you are worried about infectious conjunctivitis? Typically, treatment includes topical therapy. These are drugs against infections and microbes, drops for the eyes. Preventive measures include careful observance of hygiene rules, minimal use of cosmetics, especially for the organs of vision, and the use of personal hygiene products.

allergic reactions

An allergic reaction to the conjunctiva can occur under the influence of cosmetics, flowers, household items, and more. The process is characterized by redness and swelling of the eyes. Damage is possible in one or both eyes. Treatment includes taking antiallergic drugs (loratadine, desloratadine, fexofenadine).

Corneal edema

In addition to the inner shell of the eye, damage can also occur from the outside. This indicates the presence of serious eye pathologies. Corneal damage can significantly impair vision, so in no case should you postpone going to the doctor if you have this symptom

The cornea can become inflamed by viruses, bacteria, or fungi. Regardless of the cause of the pathology, the external signs are similar to each other. The patient experiences unpleasant pain, he is disturbed by the fear of light, lacrimation and itching of the eyes may appear. In more advanced cases, there are difficulties in opening the eyes, when blinking, there is a sharp pain, and the photo shows how the cornea swells badly.

If there is damage to the deep tissues of the cornea, first of all, visual acuity suffers. A person sharply loses the clarity of images, everything around can become blurry. Small objects are also not visible, often fog appears before the eyes.

Remove puffiness drugs against inflammation and hormonal drugs. It is better not to self-medicate, since even drugs prescribed by a doctor do not immediately give a positive result. Before prescribing treatment, you need to find out the cause of the lesion. To do this, a number of analyzes and studies can be carried out. So it is possible to recognize the nature of the microorganisms that provoked the edema. During treatment, the doctor may prescribe antibiotics and other medicines.

periorbital edema

The most serious pathology, including such a symptom as chemosis, is periorbital edema. It is characterized by damage not only to the eyes, but also to the brain, other vital organs and systems of the body, and metabolic disorders.

Usually chemosis is located in the region of the nose. The reason for this phenomenon are the consequences of brain injuries. It can also occur in the presence of a tumor or abnormal blood flow. The symptom can be combined with the appearance of bruises under the eyes of a rather large size.

Very important! If you have at least one of these signs, you should immediately consult a doctor. This is especially true for those who have experienced a serious brain injury, because complications can lead to blindness and even death.

Treatment depends on the type of injury. Often it is based on surgical exposure.

With dysfunction of the endocrine system, puffiness under the eyes is also possible. This symptom is accompanied by others:

lack of sleep;
fast fatiguability;
state of apathy;
blues;
feeling of weakness;
frequent pressure changes.

Violation of the endocrine system leads to serious consequences, especially for children. They may slow down growth, both physical and mental development. The cause of hormonal disorders can be significant weight loss, the appearance of a tumor. Therapy is prescribed based on the diagnosis and cause of the lesion. There are also cases of surgical intervention here.

Periorbital edema of both eyelids usually indicates kidney dysfunction. When recognizing this disease, attention is paid to the presence of related symptoms, among them: pain in the lower back, the color and nature of urine may change. More in-depth studies show discrepancies from the norm of laboratory tests.

In order to get rid of various kinds of edema, you first need to find out the cause of the disorder and cure the disease that provokes chemosis.

Redness of the eyes, swelling, increased tearing, sensitivity to bright light, impaired visual acuity - all these are reasons to consult a doctor, because, as indicated, these symptoms may indicate not only diseases of the eyes, but also other organs and entire systems.

Chemosis of the conjunctiva is a pronounced swelling of the mucous membrane of the eye, which protects the organs of vision from adverse environmental factors (dirt, dust, foreign objects). Also, the function of the conjunctiva is to nourish the tissues of the eyeball to prevent it from drying out. If the protective abilities of the mucous membrane of the eye are violated for various reasons, then the risk of developing conjunctival chemosis increases. The disease begins with the appearance of edema, redness, eye membrane. Puffiness can reach large sizes, first spreading to, and then, forcing the organ of vision to bulge out of the palpebral fissure.

The conjunctiva is a layered tissue consisting of a tarsal portion that adheres tightly to the eyeball and a bulbar portion that does not adhere tightly. Both fabrics are interconnected by a transitional fold. There are cavities between the bulbar tissue and the eye, so it rises slightly. The main inflammatory process in case of damage to the conjunctiva occurs in the fold between the tarsal and bulbar tissues, because the healing eye tissues penetrate poorly there and the microbes are protected from them.

The main causes leading to severe swelling of the conjunctiva are:

the use of certain medications;
swelling of the eyelids;
barley;
inflammation of the conjunctiva;
congestion in the organs of vision;
excessively dry and dusty climate outdoors or indoors;
microtrauma of the eye;
exposure to the mucous membrane of aggressive elements that make up cleaning and detergent substances;
tumors of a different nature, localized in the bulbar region;
work in hazardous production, where a person is constantly in contact with harmful chemicals.

If chemosis becomes the result of severe forms, then purulent discharge and bacterial agents accumulate under the edematous membrane, leading to the formation. This form of the disease requires a long and strong treatment.

The edema affects both a small area of the conjunctival membrane and its entire surface. The last sign represents a very great danger to the health of the eye. In some cases, the conjunctiva swells so much that the eye almost stops closing completely.

Chemosis is most often observed in only one eye, but in some cases a bilateral form of the disease is also possible, which greatly complicates the treatment process. At the same time, a person has pronounced painful sensations, and vision is constantly clouded.

Symptoms

At the beginning of the disease, it is almost impossible to establish chemosis, since the inflammatory process is still weakly expressed, and the purulent discharge is just beginning to accumulate between the eye and the conjunctiva.

But over time, if left untreated, the disease makes itself felt by the following signs:

itchy sensations in the eyes;
cutting and burning;
swelling of the conjunctiva (small at first, then the mucous membrane begins to bulge outside the eye);
purulent discharge from the affected organ of vision;
the appearance of fog or a veil before the eyes;
closure of the eyelids causes severe pain;
impaired visual acuity.

The conjunctiva always experiences maximum stress and suffers from the effects of adverse environmental factors that can trigger the development of inflammatory and infectious processes. If you do not pay attention to redness, slight swelling of the mucous membrane of the eye, do not treat conjunctivitis, it can provoke the appearance of chemosis, and sometimes immediately in severe form. Destructive processes begin to progress, as a result of which vision may not be restored later, or at best it will only partially return.

Diagnostics

Diagnosis is usually not difficult. The disease can be determined already after a visual examination, since the conjunctival membrane is red and in severe cases protrudes so much that it prevents the eyelids from closing normally.

But for the correct choice of therapy tactics, the ophthalmologist must conduct a patient survey and prescribe the following studies:

Ophthalmoscopy.
biomicroscopy.
Determination of visual acuity (visometry).
Examination of scrapings from the conjunctiva to identify an infectious agent.

After studying the complete clinical picture, the doctor decides on the choice of treatment.

Therapy

For the treatment of chemosis of the conjunctiva, it is necessary to consult an ophthalmologist. He will select an individual course of therapy, which includes ointments, tablets, eye drops. The choice of medications directly depends on the causes of chemosis.

Drug therapy is prescribed depending on the etiology of the disease. If the edema of the conjunctiva is caused by exposure to allergens, then the treatment is carried out with the help of antiallergic and vasoconstrictor drugs (but you must first determine what the person is allergic to and eliminate the allergen). Antihistamines include Tavegil, Claritin.

If chemosis of the conjunctiva has developed after blepharoplasty, the treatment is prescribed the same as in the development of the disease as a result of exposure to a viral, bacterial infection.

Antiviral drugs are prescribed, which include Indoxuridin, Interferon, Acyclovir, Poludan. These drugs are especially effective at the very beginning of the development of the disease.

Antibacterial drugs Okamicin, Gentamicin, Floksal, Tobramycin have a good effect. They work very well when the mucous membrane is affected by bacteria.

Important! Depending on the degree of damage, various combinations of these drugs in different dosages can be used. Therefore, only a doctor should select medicines for the treatment of chemosis of the conjunctival membrane of the eye, as well as develop a scheme for their use!

When is an operation needed?

In the presence of severe conjunctival chemosis, it is often impossible to cure only with the help of medicines, therefore, surgical techniques are used to eliminate the pathology, during which the affected eye tissues are excised. Contraindications for surgical intervention are:

barley on the inside of the eyelid;
eye tumors;
abscesses of the century;

In other cases, in the absence of contraindications, the inflamed tissues of the mucous membrane of the eye are removed.

Folk remedies

Along with medications in the treatment of conjunctival chemosis, alternative medicine can be used, but only after prior consultation with the attending physician.

The table shows the most popular and effective folk recipes for eliminating conjunctival swelling.

Folk remedy.	Mode of application.
Honey drops.	Half a teaspoon of high-quality natural honey is diluted in 200 ml of boiled water until completely dissolved. The resulting solution is used for instillation into the eyes twice a day, drop by drop into each eye.
Chamomile.	Two tablespoons of dry medicinal chamomile are brewed with a glass of boiling water, put in a water bath and simmered for half an hour, then cooled and filtered. In the resulting broth, cotton pads are moistened and applied to the eyes 4-6 times a day for 7-10 minutes. Chamomile is an excellent antiseptic and well eliminates inflammation.
Althea root.	3 tablespoons of the dried product is poured into a glass of warm water, insisted in a thermos for 8 hours. Then the broth is filtered and used for medicinal lotions 4 times a day.

Important! Using only folk methods of treatment to eliminate chemosis of the conjunctival membrane will not bring any effect. Thus, you can only aggravate the pathological process. And the combined use of medicines and natural medicines will bring tangible benefits.

Prevention

To prevent chemosis, it is necessary to follow a number of simple rules for eye hygiene.

They come down to this:

The organs of vision must be protected from dust, dirt, foreign objects, from excessive exposure to sunlight, microtrauma.
You should not be in front of a TV or computer monitor for a long time, straining your eyes.
If there is a need for constant work at the computer, then you need to take a break every half hour, doing a little eye gymnastics (blink intensely for 30 seconds, rotate your eyes in all directions). During this time, the conjunctiva will rest, and the lacrimal fluid will moisten it, remove foreign objects from the eye.
It is necessary to get enough sleep, otherwise the mucous membrane of the eye that has not recovered overnight will not be able to protect it normally from aggressive environmental influences.
To strengthen the eyes, you need to eat dark chocolate, blueberries, herbs, carrots, onions and garlic.
It would be good to regularly conduct preventive courses of vitamin therapy with the help of eye drops and vitamins for the eyes in tablet form.

Chemosis of the conjunctiva is a serious inflammatory disease of the eye, which must be diagnosed and treated in time. If this is not done, then the pathology can lead to serious consequences, which include inflammation of the cornea () and partial or complete loss of vision.

978 03/08/2019 5 min.

The eyes are considered to be an incredibly sensitive and important organ of the human body.

Every day they are exposed to a huge load, and most of it falls on the mucous membrane of the conjunctiva. Of course, such pressure cannot pass without a trace, and therefore, over time, a person may develop inflammation - chemosis.

It is necessary to fight this kind of inflammation immediately after the diagnosis is made, since the risk of deterioration in well-being and visual acuity is very high. What are the reasons for the development of chemosis, and how the problem manifests itself.

Causes

Before you talk about the symptoms and possible treatment options, you need to find out the very source of the problem that contributes to inflammation. Why does conjunctival chemosis most often develop:

An allergic response to dust, debris, or plant pollen.
Mechanical injury.
Displacement of the eyeball, which most often indicates serious eye pathologies.
Development of conjunctivitis or blepharitis.
Maybomite.

This disease has an ICD code 10 H10. When making a diagnosis, the doctor takes into account not only the presence of certain symptoms, but also the degree of their development.

Most often, chemosis of the conjunctiva develops under the influence of external factors. So, for example, it can manifest itself due to prolonged exposure to ultraviolet radiation or due to a chemical burn. Only an ophthalmologist can name the exact diagnosis and the cause of the development of the complication.

When can we talk about increased intraocular pressure -.

Meibomite in the acute stage can provoke conjunctival edema (photo)

For the correct fight against glaucoma, read the instructions for Travatan eye drops.

Kinds

Most often, doctors classify the disease depending on the degree of eye damage. So, partial or complete damage to one eye may occur. Patients often complain of swelling that occurs in both eyes.

Another type of problem is chemosis of the bulbar conjunctiva, which develops as a complication after lower blepharoplasty. The main feature of this type is that the disease almost always goes away on its own 1-2 months after the onset of the first symptoms.

Ophthalmologists divide chemosis into subtypes and depending on the stimulating factor leading to the development of complications. So, there is an allergic, traumatic and viral type of the disease.

A dangerous disease that can lead to complete loss of vision -.

Chemosis can occur due to trauma, allergies, or infection.

Read the instructions for Tropicamide eye drops.

Symptoms

The main danger of this disease lies in the fact that in the initial stages it is quite difficult to detect. Outwardly, the problem does not manifest itself in any way, but over time, alarming symptoms still arise. Here are just the most serious ones:

discomfort, which manifests itself in itching and increased tearing;
blurred vision, gradual decrease in visual acuity;
purulent discharge from the eyes;
gradual increase in swelling of the eyes.

If treatment is absent even after the first signs appear, the disease will begin to progress rapidly. A person will face severe swelling, sharp pain in the eye and constant suppuration. Over time, conjunctival chemosis can result in a sharp decrease in visual acuity and the development of other pathologies.

Only an ophthalmologist can make a correct diagnosis, since the symptoms can be easily confused with many other diseases.

Dorzolamide-based drug for the treatment of glaucoma -.

Ultrasound will help determine the depth of the lesion

Diagnostics

The first thing a doctor does when he suspects such a diagnosis is to interview the patient. He must find out when the symptoms first appeared, how they developed, and what might have been the trigger.

Since verbal questioning does not give a complete picture, doctors may turn to the following diagnostic techniques:

biomicroscopy;
visometry to determine the current visual acuity;
radiography and ultrasound;
ophthalmoscopy;
blood test, scraping from the conjunctiva and other laboratory tests.

Chemosis of the conjunctiva can develop at any age, but most often the disease overtakes patients in adulthood. Children can hardly endure such problems, and often bacteriological or infectious diseases also join chemosis.

After examining the diagnostic data, an accurate diagnosis is made and appropriate treatment is prescribed. The doctor should take into account the age of the patient, the presence of contraindications and complications.

To win you need to know the enemy in person! – Learn the symptoms and treatment of uveitis.

Biomicroscopy is a mandatory diagnostic step

A reliable method of surgical treatment of clouding of the lens of the eye - what.

Treatment options

After making a diagnosis, doctors always prescribe medications, the purpose of which is to stop the further development of the inflammatory process. What drugs are most often used in this case:

Antibiotics, for example, Floksal, Tobramycin, Okamicin.
Vasoconstrictor drugs that are used if the inflammation of the conjunctiva appeared against the background of interaction with the allergen.
Antihistamines are also used to block the action of the allergen.
Antiviral agents such as Interferon alfa, Idoxuridin and Poludan are especially effective in the first day after infection.

Types of illness

Each named medication has its own contraindications and nuances of use. That is why an ophthalmologist should be responsible for their appointment.

With mild to moderate severity of the problem, the doctor almost always prescribes medication. However, there are situations when surgical intervention is simply indispensable.

First of all, we are talking about neglected chemosis, when the inflammation has reached a large size. Also, surgery may be needed when it is discovered, with an abscess of the eyelid, or with the development of a tumor.

There are also alternative treatment options that ophthalmologists urge to use only as auxiliary options.

So, you can turn to lotions from chamomile infusion, lotions from cherries and taking a decoction of rose hips.

In severe cases, laser surgery may be used. The operation takes no more than an hour, and from an aesthetic point of view, it is much more preferable.

Find out how effective Hilokomod moisturizing eye drops are.

Broad spectrum antibiotic

Antiviral and immunomodulatory drug

Forecast and prevention

Chemosis of the conjunctiva is a very dangerous disease, so it should be treated immediately upon detection. It is important here not to ignore the symptoms, as over time they can turn into chronic inflammation, the development of malignant tumors and a decrease in overall visual acuity.

Among the most effective methods of prevention, doctors usually distinguish the following:

it is necessary to take breaks while working at the computer every hour;
it is recommended to take a complex of vitamins that improve vision;
foods such as carrots, dark chocolate, blueberries, broccoli should always be present in the diet;
every six months it is recommended to visit an ophthalmologist in order to identify the problem in a timely manner.

Video

This video will tell you about how to treat conjunctivitis, as well as the reasons for its occurrence.

Chemosis of the conjunctiva is treated, and with timely access to a doctor, a complete recovery can be achieved. However, it is very important to monitor your own feelings, because this insidious disease can turn into a relapse at any time. See also information about and.

Severe swelling of the mucous membrane of the organ of vision is called conjunctival chemosis. This layer of the eye experiences the greatest load and takes on the negative impact of external factors, some of which cause infection or inflammation. If such ailments could not be detected at an early stage, or the therapy was incorrectly selected, then the abscess becomes severe and chemosis develops.

To understand the mechanism of the anomaly, it is necessary to understand how the mucous membrane of the organ of vision is arranged. This is a layer in the eye apparatus, consisting of bulbar and tarsal matter. The second type of tissue is located almost close to the eyeball and is attached to it. The bulbar matter adjoins the eye partially, between them minor "gaps" are formed. For this reason, the tissue is slightly raised above the eyeball.

The elements are interconnected by a transitional fold. When the conjunctiva is damaged, the focus of inflammation is concentrated precisely in this area, since medicines in the form of eye drops practically do not penetrate there.

Destructive processes caused by pathogenic microorganisms occurring in this fold are protected from the effects of any medicinal preparations. As a result, not only the mucous membrane is seriously affected, but also the blood circulation. Puffiness becomes severe, which can provoke protrusion of the conjunctiva from the palpebral fissure.

Kinds

Doctors classify pathology depending on the degree of damage. For example, an ailment can develop in one or both eyes. Inflammation can affect the entire surface of the mucosa or a specific area.

Another form of the disease is chemosis of the bulbar conjunctiva. It appears after undergoing blepharoplasty on the lower eyelid. A distinctive feature of the anomaly is that it completely disappears on its own after one or two months.

Depending on the factor that provoked the appearance of the disease, doctors divide the disease into allergic, traumatic and viral types.

Causes

Puffiness can appear outside or inside the organ of vision. Most often, this signals the development of inflammation in the eyes. Unpleasant symptoms may appear if there are problems with the thyroid gland or kidneys. Also, the disease occurs due to a number of provoking factors.

Dry eyes

Puffiness of the mucous membrane in most cases develops due to dry air in the room. Therefore, it is recommended to regularly ventilate the rooms in order to achieve an optimal humidity indicator. However, strong winds or an unfavorable climate (for example, hot and dry terrain) can also cause chemosis. Rare blinking is capable of “drying out” the conjunctiva. A similar condition is observed when a person works at a computer.

To make it simple, buy eye drops that mimic human tears. You will also need medicines for vasoconstriction ("Vizin"). To prevent the recurrence of chemosis, follow some recommendations:

Reduce the load on the visual apparatus;
Get safety glasses for working at the computer;
Don't forget to blink;
Monitor the level of humidity in the room, ventilate it more often;
If you have to spend a lot of time at the PC, take a break every half hour.

infectious conjunctivitis

Not always pathology develops under the influence of external factors. In some cases, swelling, redness and itching can signal the development of pathological processes in the body. Most often, the cause of inflammation is hidden in the infection of the visual apparatus by one or another microorganism.

Infectious conjunctivitis is accompanied by pain when trying to move the eyeballs. Patients complain of severe burning, increased lacrimation. In some cases, there is a release of exudate of a purulent nature. For each person, the symptoms manifest themselves individually, sometimes the patient cannot even open his eyes.

Infectious conjunctivitis is treated with topical therapy, which includes taking eye drops and antimicrobial medications. Prevention measures include hygiene and the use of a minimum amount of cosmetics.

You will learn about the symptoms of conjunctivitis and methods of treatment by watching the video.

Corneal edema

Pathology can develop not only from the inside, but also from the outside. Such processes signal the development of serious diseases. Damage to the cornea can lead to complete loss of vision. Therefore, do not postpone a visit to the clinic and visit a doctor when the first alarming symptoms appear.

Inflammatory processes can be caused by viruses, fungi or bacteria. Regardless of what caused the appearance of the disease, the disease manifests itself almost identically in all cases. The anomaly is accompanied by painful sensations, intolerance to bright light and increased lacrimation. In severe forms, it is problematic for patients to open their eyes, while blinking they experience discomfort, the cornea swells strongly.

Anti-inflammatory drugs are prescribed as therapy. In no case do not pick up medicines on your own! This will not bring a positive effect. In order for the therapy to have a result, it is important to determine the cause of the appearance of puffiness. For this, a comprehensive diagnosis is carried out.

periorbital edema

One of the most dangerous diseases accompanied by the development of chemosis. It damages not only the visual apparatus, but also the brain. Also, the pathology affects the internal organs, there is a failure in metabolism.

Usually swelling is concentrated in the region of the nose. The cause of the disease is hidden in a brain injury, circulatory disorders or the formation of neoplasms. In addition to swelling, large bruises appear.

When dangerous symptoms appear, you should immediately seek medical help. This is especially true for those who have suffered a brain injury. Pathology can cause blindness and even death. Very often, surgery is prescribed to treat periorbital edema.

When the endocrine system fails, the risk of developing chemosis also increases. In addition to swelling, the following symptoms appear:

Prostration;
Apathy;
lack of sleep;
Pressure surges;
Bad mood.

Pathological processes in the endocrine system lead to severe complications, especially in children. They grow slowly, there is a lag in mental and physical development. Hormonal disorders can provoke the appearance of neoplasms, sudden weight loss. The course of treatment is selected after a detailed diagnosis. In this case, surgery is also often prescribed.

Chemosis for allergies

One of the most common causes of swelling is the body's reaction to external stimuli. In such situations, chemosis develops rapidly. In some cases, inflammation that does not allow you to close your eyes appears in a few minutes. Moreover, it also subsides quickly, it is enough to take an antihistamine and exclude contact with the irritant.

The main danger of allergic edema is that it starts to itch very much. A person, through negligence, can damage the cornea. And such an injury can provoke the development of serious complications.

Puffiness appears both with contact allergies (the irritant penetrates the organ of vision), and with a general one. In the second case, the disease affects both eyes and is accompanied by additional symptoms:

Increased lacrimation;
Nasal congestion;
Sneezing.

Symptoms

At the initial stage, the disease is almost impossible to detect, since it proceeds without pronounced signs. The reason lies in the fact that the accumulation of pus between the eye and the conjunctiva is insignificant, and only an oculist can identify them during the examination.

As the disease develops, it manifests itself with characteristic symptoms:

Discomfort in the organ of vision (itching, burning, pain);
From the affected eye, there is a release of exudate of a purulent nature;
Edema passes from the mucous membrane to the eyelids, so their closure can cause pain;
Before the eyes there is a fog or a veil.

All forms of pathology are accompanied by a drop in visual acuity. However, such destructive processes are reversible, the main thing is to start therapy in a timely manner. Otherwise, the destruction directly affects the tissues of the eye, as a result of which it is almost impossible to restore visual acuity.

Diagnostics

Before choosing a therapeutic course, the doctor conducts a detailed examination for an accurate diagnosis and finding out the cause of the spread of the anomaly. Mandatory procedures include:

Tonometry. Measurement of intraocular pressure;
General blood analysis;
Scraping from the mucous membrane for bacteriological examination;
Ophthalmoscopy. Examination of the fundus to assess the state of the structures of the visual apparatus;
Ultrasound procedure;
radiography;
Biomicroscopy. It is carried out to analyze the anterior and posterior parts of the eyeball.

Separate importance should be given to differential diagnosis, which will help to exclude such ailments as epidermal tuberculosis, benign or malignant tumors, etc.

Methods of treatment

After conducting a detailed diagnosis and identifying the cause of the development of the disease, the doctor selects the optimal course of therapy.

Medicines

When prescribing medications, the doctor starts from the etiology of the anomaly:

Antibiotics. Means are prescribed for the defeat of the conjunctiva by harmful bacteria. The drug is used for several days from six to eight times a day. After the symptoms subside, the frequency of administration is reduced. Most often, doctors prescribe drugs such as Tobramycin, Floxal, Okamicin;
If the cause of the disease is hidden in the defeat of pathogenic viruses, then doctors select antiviral drugs (Acyclovir, Poludan, Indoxuridin). The greatest efficiency from taking drugs is observed on the first day of therapy;
If the symptoms are caused by an allergic reaction, antihistamines and vasoconstrictors are used. The result from their reception will be only if contact with the irritant is previously eliminated.

Any medications are prescribed by a doctor after a detailed diagnosis.

) consists of tarsal and bulbar parts and a transitional fold between these two parts. In the region of the inner corner there is a lunate fold and lacrimal caruncle.

The tarsal conjunctiva adheres tightly to the base, while the bulbar conjunctiva adheres loosely to it and can therefore be easily elevated. The epithelium of the conjunctiva passes into the epithelium of the cornea, embryologically they are close. Subconjunctival tissue in newborns is not yet developed, it develops only during the first year of life. Lymphatic elements also appear in the loose connective tissue. There is some folding in the tarsal conjunctiva and, on transverse section, formations that appear to be glands are visible. The stratified columnar epithelium also contains goblet cells. Under pathological conditions, their number can increase significantly.
Circulatory disorders cause obvious changes on the conjunctiva. Edema, hyperemia, hemorrhages can be symptoms of local and general diseases.

Chemosis (swelling of the conjunctiva)

Edema is manifested mainly in the area of the conjunctiva of the eyeball and transitional folds. Swelling of the conjunctiva of the eyeball (chemosis) can reach such proportions that the conjunctiva covers the cornea and protrudes from the palpebral fissure. Causes of chemosis can be general and local. Chemosis can also have an allergic or endocrine origin.

Local causes of chemosis are inflammation of the conjunctiva or its environment, stagnant conditions. Significant chemosis may occur in severe conjunctivitis, such as gonoblenorrhea; with inflammation of the surrounding parts of the conjunctiva, for example, with barley, panophthalmitis, phlegmon of the orbit, with retrobulbar tumors. Chemosis can also be caused by the installation of drugs in the conjunctival sac. Edema of the eyelids is often accompanied by chemosis of the conjunctiva. In some cases, chemosis is limited, in others it covers the entire conjunctiva of the eyeball.

In conjunctivitis, pus and bacteria can accumulate under the edematous conjunctiva, and they can contribute to corneal ulceration. A common cause of chemosis is panophthalmitis and retrobulbar tumor. As a result of significant stagnation and strangulation, stagnation is also observed in the vessels of the conjunctiva. Chemosis can also occur in connection with malignant exophthalmos.

The conjunctiva is the outer protective layer of the eyeball. This shell always undergoes maximum load and is exposed to various stimuli from the external environment. Some contacts can stimulate the development of infections and inflammations. Sometimes these pathologies remain untreated for certain reasons - a severe inflammatory process and conjunctival chemosis develop.

Consists of bulbar and tarsal tissues. The second is in contact with the eyeball, tightly adhering to the latter. The bulbar tissue is slightly elevated above the apple. Anatomical elements are interconnected by a transitional fold, in which inflammation develops when the protective film of the organ of vision is damaged.

What it is?

- a significant swelling of the mucous membrane of the eye, resulting from a violation of the protective properties of the conjunctiva. Inflammation occurs in the transitional fold. In advanced cases, edema can move to the cornea and protrude beyond the palpebral fissure.

The reasons

Chemosis of the conjunctiva can be caused by the following factors:

chemicals or foreign bodies that could get on the shell of the eye;
neoplasms and tumors developing in the periorbital region;
problems with the outflow of fluid in the conjunctival region and behind it;
constant contact with harmful substances while working in the chemical industry;
the use for therapy of drugs, the components of which may develop individual intolerance or hypersensitivity;
living in a dry climate;
dust getting into the eyes.

With the development of a severe form of the disease, inflammation of the mucosa is a completely expected complication, which is caused by the formation of a huge number of harmful microorganisms in the upper layer of the organ of vision.

Symptoms

In the early stages of the disease, with a slight interlayer accumulation of fluid, the pathology proceeds without visible manifestations for the patient, and only a specialist can recognize the developing ailment. In a more advanced form, the following symptoms are observed:

the presence of discomfort in the eyes;
decreased visual acuity;
clouding of visible objects;
the presence of pain when opening, closing the eyes;
increased lacrimation;
presence due to the progression of the inflammatory process.

The most severe form of the disease is bilateral complete swelling of the mucosa, which is characterized by the development of an acute inflammatory process with serious impairment of visual activity.

Diagnostics

The first stage of diagnosis in the presence of suspicion of inflammation of the mucosa is a detailed history. At the same time, it is important to find out from the patient the time of manifestation of the first symptoms, the stages of development, the probable factors that could cause the pathology.

To establish a specific diagnosis, the attending physician may resort to the following diagnostic methods:

biomicroscopy;
visometry to assess the current visual acuity;
examination of the fundus with an ophthalmoscope;
blood tests and other laboratory tests;
measurement of intraocular pressure.

Equally important is the differential diagnosis, which allows you to exclude more dangerous diseases (tuberculosis of the skin, the development of tumors, etc.)

Diseases

Depending on the cause that caused the development of the pathological process, the disease can be of the following forms:

allergic. Pathology is caused by various kinds of allergens (pollen, pets, smoke). In this case, inflammation is observed not only of the organ of vision, but also of the nearest soft tissues. It is a consequence of the body's reaction to the allergen in the form of the release of histamines.
bacterial. The causative agents are harmful bacteria. Among the key symptoms can be identified increased formation of purulent discharge.
Viral. Formed against the background of the development of a viral infection.

Treatment

Depending on the form of the disease, the following drug treatment is used:

Taking antibiotics (Floxal, etc.).
Appointment of vasoconstrictor drugs (in cases of allergic reactions).
Use of antihistamines.
Taking antiviral medications.

Mild to moderate conjunctival chemosis is always treated first with medication. In more advanced forms of the disease (internal stye, eyelid abscess, tumor formation), surgery may be required.

Among the traditional medicine that can reduce swelling and pain, we can distinguish lotions from chamomile decoction, honey drops.

Thus, the pathology under consideration is expressed in swelling of the mucous membrane of the organ of vision. The disease develops against the background of progressive inflammation or infection and is accompanied by vivid symptoms. The disease is treated with medicines, in some cases, the patient is shown an operation.

) consists of tarsal and bulbar parts and a transitional fold between these two parts. In the region of the inner corner there is a lunate fold and lacrimal caruncle.

Chemosis (swelling of the conjunctiva)

Severe swelling of the mucous membrane of the eyeball is called conjunctival chemosis. The conjunctival membrane of the organ of vision consists of the bulbar and tarsal parts. Between them is a transitional fold. Near the inner corner of the eye is the semilunar fold and the meat. The tarsal part of the conjunctiva fits snugly to the base, and the bulbar part is loosely connected to it, so it can easily rise. The epithelium of the conjunctiva passes smoothly into the cover, which means that these tissues are embryologically very close.

In newborns, subconjunctival tissue is not fully developed. It is fully formed during the first year of a child's life. Lymphatic formations are also located in loose connective tissue. In the region of the tarsal part of the conjunctival membrane, folding can be found, and on its transverse section - formations that are very similar to glands.

The stratified columnar epithelium also contains goblet cells. Their number increases in some pathological conditions. When the microcirculation of the conjunctiva is disturbed, significant changes can occur in it. First, microthrombosis, edema and, and then hemorrhages appear. This may be a sign of a local pathological process or a systemic disease.

Most often, edema can be found in the area of the conjunctiva of the eye, as well as the transitional fold. Edema of the conjunctival membrane of the organ of vision (chemosis of the conjunctiva) sometimes reaches a fairly significant size. It first passes to the cornea, and subsequently protrudes from the palpebral fissure.

Causes of conjunctival chemosis

Chemosis is caused by both local and general factors. Often this condition has an allergic or endocrine origin. Chemosis develops as a result of such local pathological processes:

inflammation of the conjunctival membrane (or gonoblenorrhea);
inflammatory process of adjacent areas (phlegmon, panophthalmitis);
retrobulbar tumors;
congestion;
use for instillations of certain drugs;
edema.

This pathology can be localized in a limited area or spread over the entire surface of the conjunctiva. With conjunctivitis, pus sometimes accumulates under the edematous layer of the conjunctiva. This condition in some cases leads to ulceration of the cornea.

The cause of chemosis is sometimes panophthalmitis or retrobulbar tumor. With these diseases, congestion also occurs. In some cases, chemosis develops due to malignancy.

Chemosis can be a complication of the lower. In this case, there is an increase in swelling of the bulbar conjunctiva. This swelling usually goes away within a month and a half.

Treatment of conjunctival edema should be prescribed by an ophthalmologist. Remember that self-treatment never brings the desired effect. First of all, you should undergo an ophthalmological examination and find out the nature of the disease. Treatment depends on the etiology of the pathological process.