Cancer: signs and symptoms in the early stages of the disease. Symptoms of cancer in women and men, diagnosis


Developing cancer does not give symptoms and signs immediately, disguising itself as various pathologies. The emerging signs of cancer and the first symptoms should be well known, since only in the initial stages this disease can be successfully treated. This article describes the main symptoms and signs of cancer, among which there are atypical manifestations that are mistakenly attributed even to colds.

Cancer is a group of diseases that can be accompanied by any signs and symptoms. Signs and symptoms depend on the size of the tumor, the location of the cancer, and how involved surrounding organs or structures are. If the cancer has spread (metastasized), symptoms may occur in different parts of the body. As the tumor grows, it begins to compress nearby organs, blood vessels, and nerves. This pressure causes some of the signs and symptoms of cancer. If the tumor is located in a particularly important area, for example, in some parts of the brain, then even a small cancer can give early symptoms.

What are the first common symptoms of cancer and signs of oncology

Cancer general symptoms and signs can show quite specific. The first symptoms of oncology may be muscle pain, weakness, decreased performance. However, sometimes the tumor occurs in places where symptoms may not appear until it reaches a large size (late stages). difficult to determine by external examination. Some tumors in this location do not give symptoms until they involve the nerves, leading to back pain. Other tumors grow near the bile duct, causing skin discoloration (obstructive jaundice). Unfortunately, by the time prostate cancer has signs and symptoms, it has already metastasized. You need to know which symptoms of oncology are potentially dangerous and require immediate medical attention. Look at the signs and symptoms of cancer in the photo, which shows the characteristic pathological changes:

Cancer can also lead to common symptoms such as fever, fatigue, and weight loss. This can be caused by tumor cells that secrete substances that change the metabolic processes in the body. Such symptoms may also occur as a result of the impact of the tumor on the immune system.

Symptoms of early oncology in cancer

Treatment is more effective the earlier the tumor is detected. Early detection of a tumor usually means that treatment will be started if the cancer is small and has not yet spread to other parts of the body. This usually means a greater chance of a cure.

Often, the symptoms of early oncology are ignored by a person due to the fact that a person is frightened of the possible consequences and refuses to see a doctor or considers the symptom that has appeared to be insignificant. Common symptoms of cancer such as fatigue are more often not associated with cancer and therefore often go unnoticed, especially when there is an obvious cause or when they are temporary.

Similarly, the patient may think that a more specific symptom, like a mass in the breast, is a simple cyst that will resolve on its own. However, such symptoms of cancer and oncology cannot be ignored, especially if they exist for a long period of time, for example, a week, or there is a negative trend.

In some cases, cancer may be detected before symptoms appear. This can be done with a special examination of people who do not have any symptoms of cancer. However, this does not mean that you should hide your symptoms from your doctor. The correct diagnosis can be given by examination and tests.

It is important to be aware of some common (non-specific) signs and symptoms of cancer. These include unexplained weight loss, fever, fatigue, pain, and skin changes. Of course, it must be remembered that the presence of some of them does not necessarily mean the presence of a tumor. There are many other conditions that may also have similar signs and symptoms.

Unexplained weight loss. Most people with cancer experience weight loss at some point in their illness. Unexplained weight loss of 4-5 kg ​​can be the first sign of cancer, especially cancer of the pancreas, stomach, esophagus or lung.

An increase in temperature (fever). An increase in temperature is often observed in cancer and most often in a widespread process. Almost all cancer patients develop a fever at some point during their illness, especially if the treatment affects the immune system and increases susceptibility to infections. Rarely, fever can be an early sign of cancer.

Increased fatigue. Fatigue can be an important symptom as the disease progresses. However, fatigue and weakness can occur early, especially if the cancer causes chronic blood loss, which occurs in or in the stomach.

Pain. Pain can be an early sign of several tumors, such as those of the bones or testis. Most often, however, pain is a symptom of a common process.

Skin changes. In addition to skin tumors, some internal cancers can cause visible skin signs such as darkening of the skin (hyperpigmentation), yellowing (jaundice), redness (erythema), itching, or excessive hair growth. The correct diagnosis can be given by examination and tests.

Specific signs and symptoms of cancer. In addition to the above general symptoms, it is important to be aware of other general symptoms that may occur with cancer. Again, it must be pointed out that these signs and symptoms do not necessarily speak in favor of cancer, as they occur in other diseases. However, you must tell your doctor about the signs and symptoms that appear in order to make a decision about the examination.

Violation of the stool or bladder function. Chronic constipation, diarrhea, or changes in the amount of stool may indicate the presence of colon cancer. Pain when urinating, blood in the urine, or a change in bladder function (more or less frequent urination) may be associated with bladder or prostate cancer. These changes should be reported to the doctor immediately. The correct diagnosis can be given by examination and tests.

Non-healing wound or ulcer. Malignant skin tumors may bleed and resemble a wound or ulcer. A long-standing mouth ulcer can be oral cancer, especially in those who smoke, chew tobacco, or drink alcohol frequently. Ulcers on the penis or in the vagina can be signs of both infection and early cancer and should therefore be evaluated.

Unusual bleeding or discharge. Unusual bleeding may occur with early or advanced cancer. Blood in sputum may be a sign of lung cancer. Blood in the stool (or the presence of dark or black stools) can be a sign of colon or rectal cancer. Cancer of the cervix or the uterus itself can lead to bleeding from the vagina. in the urine - a sign of a possible or kidney. The discharge of blood from the nipple may be a sign.

Hardening or swelling in the breast or other parts of the body. Many tumors can be felt through the skin, especially in the breast, testicles, lymph nodes, and soft tissues of the body. A lump or lump may be the first sign of early or advanced cancer. Any such finding should be reported to the doctor, especially if you have just discovered it or the tumor (seal) has begun to increase in size.

Indigestion or difficulty swallowing. Although these symptoms can occur in a variety of conditions, they can also indicate cancer of the esophagus, stomach, or pharynx at the same time.

Change in a wart or mole. Any changes in color, shape, borders or size of these formations should be reported to the doctor immediately. The skin lesion may be melanoma, which, if diagnosed early, responds well to treatment.

Irritant cough or hoarseness. A persistent persistent cough may be a sign of lung cancer. Hoarseness is a possible sign of laryngeal or thyroid cancer. The correct diagnosis can be given by examination and tests.

Symptoms vary depending on the location of the tumor. Pain usually occurs only in the later stages. In the early stages, the tumor often does not cause any discomfort.

Modern cancer diagnostics at early stages

Modern cancer diagnostics makes it possible to detect an oncological process in 100% of cases. Cancer is a long multi-stage process. It is known that it takes 5-10 years before a tumor of the lung, stomach or mammary gland reaches the size of 1-1.5 cm in diameter. Thus, most tumors are laid in 25-40 years. To protect the body, we must eat right and do prevention.

It is difficult to predict the intensity and nature of tumor growth, this process depends on many factors: from the body of the diseased, tissue resistance, features of this tumor. Depending on these and many other factors, the tumor can double in size within a few weeks. Sometimes it takes many months and years. It is difficult to predict the rate of tumor growth. Known factors that accelerate it: excessive exposure to the sun, thermal procedures, traumatization, physiotherapy procedures (quartz, UHF, etc.), depression of the patient, fear. The later treatment is started, the more difficult the cure. At stage I, a complete cure can be achieved. With stage IV cancer, the cure rate is almost zero.

A timely visit to a doctor, a thorough history taking, and a careful examination of the patient often contribute to the diagnosis of cancer in the early stages that can be treated. Particular attention should be paid to the identification of precancerous diseases (xeroderma pigmentosa, Queyre erythroplasia, Dubreu's melanosis, congenital multiple polyposis of the large intestine), the presence of which involves both treatment and constant monitoring of the patient's health. To detect a tumor, all available diagnostic methods are used, which early diagnosis of cancer has, for example:

  • Physical examination of the patient.
  • Radiography, computed tomography, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  • General, biochemical blood tests, detection of tumor markers in the blood.
  • Puncture, biopsy with morphological examination.
  • Endoscopy (EGDS, cystoscopy, bronchoscopy, etc.).
  • For the final diagnosis of malignant tumors, a biopsy is used - taking a tissue sample for analysis

Types and methods of early cancer detection

An important factor determining the success of treatment is early diagnosis. And here, dear readers, you can’t rely on chance, you yourself must take care of your health, the main thing is not to be afraid to go to the doctor.

Breast cancer is diagnosed by weekly self-examination and self-palpation of the breast, as well as mammography (best - a combination of these two methods). According to the latest data, the breast self-examination method is not an effective diagnosis, since it allows you to notice formations of only 0.5 mm, which corresponds to stages II-III of cancer, and in these cases, therapy will be ineffective. Cancer diagnostic methods make it possible to detect tumors much earlier.

Testicular cancer can be diagnosed at an early stage by testicular self-examination, which is why it is recommended for men with a family history of cancer. The American Urological Association recommends monthly self-exams for all young men.

It is diagnosed by indirect laryngoscopy (examination with a special laryngeal mirror when visiting an otolaryngologist) followed by a biopsy of suspicious areas of the mucous membrane. More accurate methods for early diagnosis of cancer are fibrolaryngoscopy (examination with a flexible endoscope) and direct microlaryngoscopy (examination of the larynx with a microscope under anesthesia). The main risk factor for laryngeal cancer is long-term smoking (more than 1 pack per day for 10-20 years). The vast majority of patients with laryngeal cancer are men (95%). Cancer of the vocal cords has a more favorable prognosis than cancer of the vestibular larynx, since the former is manifested by hoarseness even with a small tumor size and can be diagnosed at an early stage. The first symptoms of vestibular cancer of the larynx (which is located above the vocal folds) usually occur in the later stages of tumor growth and are manifested by difficulty in breathing (mainly on inspiration), choking, discomfort when swallowing, coughing, and hemoptysis. It is necessary to remember the general manifestations of malignant tumors. The most important of these is unmotivated weight loss in a short period of time (more than 10 kg in 3-6 months).

Colon cancer, cervical cancer, and cancer of the fundus and body of the uterus are diagnosed with endoscopes. Cancer diagnostics such as endoscopic examinations of the intestine both reduce the incidence of cancer (polyps are removed before malignant transformation) and improve prognosis. However, not all intestines can be checked with an endoscope.

Early diagnosis of prostate cancer is carried out by palpation of the prostate through the rectum, as well as ultrasound examination of the prostate and screening for the level of cancer markers in the blood. However, this technique for early detection of prostate cancer has not caught on because it often detects small, malignant tumors that are never life-threatening. However, finding them leads to treatment, usually removal of the prostate. Removing the prostate can lead to impotence and urinary incontinence.

For some types of cancer (particularly breast cancer and colon cancer), there is a genetic test that allows you to identify some types of predisposition to them.

Background and precancerous diseases and conditions

Background and precancerous diseases require careful diagnosis and timely treatment. Today it is known which of them can develop into cancer:

  • develops into stomach cancer;
  • intestinal polyposis can degenerate into intestinal cancer;
  • bone injuries affect the development of bone cancer, etc.

Proven: destroy healthy cells and endless chronic inflammation, for example, the bladder; various (cystoma); tumors in the uterus (benign fibroids) - today all this is taken into account in the diagnosis. And if at the initial stage during the medical examination patients with stomach ulcers, intestinal polyposis, formations in the kidneys are detected, it is clear that these patients have a significantly higher risk of developing cancer than those who do not have chronic diseases. Such patients should be selected into risk groups and monitored and examined more often.

Background precancerous conditions are mainly diseases of the elderly, the number of which is increasing, because life expectancy is also growing. This is explained, first of all, by a violation of the immune status and fat metabolism, various influences of the aging process of the body. A cell mutation may occur against the background of its aging. Each person has his own cell aging, his own localization of tumors, and this is the big problem, if we talk about the diagnosis and prevention of cancer.

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In this article, you will learn what to look out for first and what symptoms to discuss with your doctor. And now more about each symptom:

1 Intestinal alteration

Episodic intestinal problems are normal, but changes in the structure of the cells and tissues of the intestine may indicate the development of colon or rectal cancer. Collectively, this is called colorectal cancer.
Frequent diarrhea and constipation can be early symptoms of cancer, especially if intestinal problems appear suddenly. Dangerous symptoms to watch out for are frequent gas and sharp pains in the abdomen.

A change in the consistency and volume of bowel movements can also serve as a signal for the onset of cancer.

2 rectal bleeding

Rectal bleeding can be an early sign of rectal cancer. This is especially important if bleeding persists for a long time, or if the patient has iron deficiency anemia due to blood loss. There may also be blood in the stool.

Although there are other, more common causes of rectal bleeding, such as hemorrhoids, you should not try to self-diagnose yourself if you have these symptoms. Talk to your doctor about your concerns. After the age of 50, it is important to have regular colon screening.

3 Alteration of the genitourinary system

Urinary incontinence and other genitourinary symptoms may develop with age. However, some symptoms may indicate the appearance of a tumor in the prostate gland. Most often, this type of cancer affects men aged 60 and older.

Symptoms of dangerous changes in the urinary tract:

  • urine leakage

  • incontinence

  • inability to urinate despite desire

  • delayed urination

  • tension during urination

4 Blood in the urine

It is impossible to ignore such a symptom as blood in the urine. This is a common symptom of bladder cancer. This type of cancer is more common in current and former smokers than in people who have never smoked. Prostatitis, prostate cancer, and urinary tract infections can also contribute to blood in the urine.
Early stage prostate cancer may be accompanied by the presence of blood in semen.

5 Constant back pain

Back pain is a common symptom of many diseases, but not all men understand that it can be a symptom of cancer. Other signs of cancer may not appear until it has spread to other parts of your body, such as the bones in your spine. For example, prostate cancer often spreads to nearby bones and can cause similar symptoms in the hips and lower torso.

Unlike episodic muscle pain, bone cancer causes long-term pain and discomfort in the bones.

6 Cough

By itself, cough is a faithful companion of smokers, colds or exacerbation of allergies. However, a persistent cough can be an early sign of lung cancer. If the patient does not have other cough-related symptoms, such as a stuffy nose or fever, then their unusual cough is probably not related to a viral or infectious disease.

A cough accompanied by bloody mucus may indicate the development of lung cancer in men.

7 testicular lumps

Prostate, lung or colon cancer is much more common in men than testicular cancer. However, early symptoms should not be ignored. Lumps in the testicles are the most common symptoms of testicular cancer.

During regular examinations, doctors pay special attention to this symptom.

8 Excessive fatigue

Fatigue can be associated with many chronic diseases or disorders. Increased fatigue is your body's way of telling you that something is not working right. When cancer-affected cells grow and multiply rapidly, your body may begin to signal depletion.

Fatigue is a common symptom of the development of various types of cancer. Be sure to consult your doctor if you feel excessive fatigue that does not disappear after a full night's sleep.

9 Losing weight for no reason

With age, it becomes more and more difficult for the body to maintain optimal weight, and therefore weight loss can be considered as a positive factor. But sudden and inexplicable weight loss can signal the presence of a serious disease in the body, including almost any type of cancer.

If you lose weight in a short time without changing your diet and amount of exercise, be sure to let your doctor know.

10 Seals in the chest

Not everyone knows that breast cancer can develop not only in women. Men are equally susceptible to this disease and should pay attention to the presence of suspicious formations in the chest area. It is the earliest detected symptom of breast cancer in men. Contact your doctor immediately and get tested if you notice a lump.

Breast cancer in men can be genetically influenced, but it can also be due to exposure to radiation or high estrogen levels. Breast tumors in men, although quite rare, most often affect men over 60 years of age.

Don't ignore

Many types of cancer are difficult to detect at the earliest stages, but some signs can directly signal the development of a disease in the body. Knowing the most common signs of a dangerous illness is vital to getting a quick diagnosis. However, the exact signs and symptoms of cancer can vary from case to case. You should see your doctor if you suspect that you have these early signs of cancer in your body.

There are a number of symptoms that are characteristic of the development of any type of cancer. If cancer is recognized at an early stage of development, it can be cured. It is important to monitor your body, understand what condition is considered normal for it, and consult a doctor if abnormalities appear.

Doctors explain what signals our body must not ignore in order not to miss the development of cancer.

1. Painful sensations.

In the initial stage, these are not pains, but a feeling of discomfort in a certain organ: burning, squeezing, etc. In oncological practice, the term “pain” is more acceptable, but “pain sensations”, since tumors in the initial stages develop painlessly, and then sensations appear that are far from always perceived by patients as pain.

For example, the feeling of a "foreign body behind the sternum" in esophageal cancer or discomfort in stomach cancer. Overflow of the organ with contents - with cancer of the stomach, the left half of the colon - leads to a feeling of fullness, bloating, and release from it - to complete relief. Pain can be an early sign of several tumors, such as those of the bones or testis. Most often, however, pain is a symptom of a common process.

2. Rapid weight loss.

The tumor forces the body to produce substances that disrupt metabolic processes, causing a person to lose weight in a few months. A cancerous tumor releases its waste products into the blood, which causes signs of intoxication (poisoning) of the body, such as nausea, loss of appetite, etc. In addition, the tumor consumes a relatively large amount of nutrients, which, along with loss of appetite, leads to weakness and weight loss.

Most people with cancer experience weight loss at some point in their illness. Unexplained weight loss of 4-5 kg ​​can be the first sign of cancer, especially cancer of the pancreas, stomach, esophagus or lung.

3. Constant weakness.

Intoxication of the body with cancer causes weakness, anemia. Fatigue can be an important symptom as the disease progresses.

However, fatigue and weakness can occur early, especially if the cancer causes chronic blood loss, as occurs with colon or stomach cancer.

4. Elevated temperature.

The immune system suppressed by the tumor reacts with an increase in temperature. Almost all cancer patients develop a fever at some stage of the disease.

Rarely, fever can be an early sign of cancer, such as Hodgkin's disease (lymphogranulomatosis).

5. Shortness of breath, cough, hoarseness

The so-called chest cancer symptoms are coughing, shortness of breath and hoarseness. Of course, they can be caused by infections, inflammation, and other diseases and ailments, but in some cases, such signs indicate lung cancer. If you have been experiencing shortness of breath and coughing for more than two weeks, contact your doctor immediately. You should also see a specialist if you see blood in your sputum.

The cause of hoarseness is often laryngitis. This disease means inflammation of the larynx. Rarely, however, hoarseness is an early symptom of laryngeal cancer. If this ailment has been tormenting you for more than two weeks, go to an appointment with a specialist.

6. Change in the condition of hair and skin.

Due to the violation of metabolic processes, external changes also occur.

In addition to skin tumors, some internal cancers can cause visible skin signs such as darkening of the skin (hyperpigmentation), yellowing (jaundice), redness (erythema), itching, or excessive hair growth.

7. The presence of a neoplasm.

In the vast majority of cases, cancer manifests itself as the formation of a tumor. It can be something resembling a lump, a lump, a sore, a wart, a mole, etc.

How does skin cancer manifest itself? Many people think about this, on whose body there are numerous moles. Let's try to answer this question.

A variation of this disease is melanoma. As a rule, it manifests itself with a change in the appearance of the skin. Sometimes it seems that you have formed a new large mole. However, melanoma can also form in an existing mole. That is why it is extremely difficult to distinguish a benign formation from a malignant one.

You should contact your doctor immediately if your moles show any of the following symptoms:

  • asymmetry (moles are usually even and symmetrical, but melanomas are not);
  • uneven edges;
  • an atypical color for a mole (if moles, as a rule, have a brown tint, then melanomas are brown with black, pink, red, white and even bluish);
  • large size (moles usually do not exceed 6 mm in diameter, melanomas - more than 7 mm);
  • presence of crusting, itching, bleeding: melanomas can bleed, crust, itch (these symptoms of skin cancer are not common, but should not be forgotten).

If any marks appear on the skin that do not go away for several weeks, if you notice the above signs of melanoma in yourself, then immediately consult a doctor.

If you notice a tumor somewhere on your body, then immediately consult a doctor. It is very good if you can tell exactly how long ago you had it, whether it interferes with you, whether it is increasing in size. Very often, cancerous growths are completely painless.

It is extremely difficult to recognize a tumor of oncological origin by touch. However, if the doctor suspects that you have a malignant neoplasm, he will refer you to the right specialist for further examination and testing.

It should be taken into account that if swelling and bumps occur quite often in your body, then most likely they are not malignant.

However, not all tumors are malignant or cancerous. One of the main signs of a cancerous tumor is its gradual and steady increase. Almost all tissues and organs can be affected by tumors.
(There are cancers without tumor formation, such as blood cancer.)

8. Pathological discharge.

Many cancerous neoplasms are characterized by pathological discharge: purulent, bloody, etc.
The first earliest symptom of uterine cancer is uterine bleeding.
The appearance of blood from the genital tract in menopausal age, when a woman has stopped menstruating for 1-1.5 years, is the moment that makes all the necessary research to decide whether or not a cancer is present.
Bleeding after sexual intercourse is highly suspicious for cervical cancer.

The second symptom of uterine cancer is discharge. Initially, the discharge may be watery liquid, not very abundant, even when there are still no irregularities in the menstrual cycle and there is no bloody discharge in menopause. But in the future, an admixture of blood joins them, the discharge becomes sanious, the color of meat slops, with a sharp unpleasant odor. This nature of the discharge indicates the onset of the decay of the tumor.

The presence of blood in sputum and feces can be both with small and large, decaying tumors. Constant irritation of the mucous membrane of the stomach, intestines, bronchus by a tumor can lead to increased secretion of mucus. Accession of an infection changes character of allocations.

9. Disturbances in the work of the digestive tract

A sign of a change in the functioning of the digestive tract is the presence of blood in the stool. Usually it is bright red or dark. The presence of fresh, scarlet blood is a sign of hemorrhoids.

A symptom of cancer may be a change in the frequency of the digestive tract (constipation or diarrhea) for no apparent reason. Also, sometimes there is a feeling of insufficient bowel cleansing after a stool. Some patients experience pain in the rectum or abdomen.

Being interested in the types of tumors and the question of how to recognize them, it is important to remember that a change in stool does not always indicate the development of oncology. The reasons may lie in a change in nutrition, excitement, taking medications. If the stool does not return to normal within a few weeks, then in order to exclude a dangerous disease, you need to consult a doctor.

10. Bleeding

Any bleeding for no apparent reason is a sign of a malfunction in the internal organs. This is a good reason to go to a specialist.

Bleeding from the rectum can be a sign of hemorrhoids, but also one of the symptoms of cancer of the internal organs.

If a woman has a malignant tumor in the uterus or cervix, then bleeding may occur between periods or after sexual contact. If bleeding occurs in women after menopause, then she urgently needs to see a doctor.

Blood in the urine can be a symptom of bladder cancer or kidney cancer. However, infection can also be the cause of this phenomenon. Contact your doctor if you find that there is blood in your urine. By the way, it should be taken into account that sometimes urine turns pink due to the presence of dyes in food. This can happen if you ate, for example, beets the day before.

If, when coughing, sputum comes out with blood, then the reason for this is a serious infectious disease. Sometimes this is a sign of lung cancer. Blood in vomit can signal stomach cancer, however, an ulcer can also be the cause of this phenomenon. Therefore, the exact answer to the question, how to identify cancer- you need to contact a specialist.

Nosebleeds and bruising are rare symptoms of cancer. Sometimes these signs are a consequence of leukemia. However, people suffering from this disease have other, more obvious signs of oncology.

What to do if you have anxiety symptoms?

If you suspect that you have even a few symptoms, you should first contact at least a therapist. Sometimes the symptoms are ignored due to the fact that the person is frightened of the possible consequences and refuses to see a doctor, or considers the symptom that has appeared to be insignificant. General symptoms such as increased fatigue are more often unrelated to cancer and therefore often go unnoticed, especially when there is an obvious cause or when they are temporary.

However, such symptoms cannot be ignored, especially if they exist for a long period of time, for example, a week, or there is a negative trend.
Only a specialist will be able to assess your condition and prescribe adequate treatment. Only a doctor will be able to direct you to undergo x-rays, take tests, etc.

If the doctor suspects cancer, he will direct you to do a biopsy, tomography, and also advise a specialist. If the doctor decides that the cause of your illness is of a different nature, then in any case he will be able to help you cope with ailments, and faster than if you were treated on your own.

According to RBC-Ukraine, www.pror.ru, www.cancer.bessmertie.ru, www.ravnoepravo.ru

Please note that the presence of any of these signs does not necessarily indicate the presence of cancer.
And vice versa, the absence of these signs, or the inability to detect them, does not mean that there is no cancer...

PS. Cancer is a disease that can affect any organs and tissues of the human body, the clinical symptoms of which are characterized by great diversity and depend on many factors: the localization (location) of the tumor, its histological form (structure), the nature of growth, the prevalence of the process, the age and sex of the patient presence of comorbidities.

"There are no absolute diagnostic symptoms (feelings of the patient himself) or signs (changes that may also be noticeable to others), therefore, diagnostic studies should ultimately involve taking tissue samples and examining them under a microscope (biopsy), as this is the only way to prove the presence of cancer."
M. Whitehouse

In this article, we will look at the common symptoms and signs of a disease such as oncology. Let's take a closer look at the signs of oncological diseases of different systems of the human body: stomach, intestines, lungs, prostate, as well as signs of cancer in women and men.

The diagnosis of “oncology” in the modern world is being established every day in an increasing number of people. This is due to the improvement of diagnostics in medicine, and with an increase in life expectancy. The risk of getting cancer increases proportionally with a person's age. However, there are tumors that only affect children and young adults. In general, tumors in young people are very insidious and dangerous, they develop rapidly and often quickly take away from life.

In this article, I will tell you about the most common tumors among the adult population, about the first signs of oncology, about measures to prevent cancer of various localization.

  1. General symptoms of cancer of any localization
  2. The first signs of stomach cancer
  3. The first signs of bowel cancer
  4. The first signs of cancer in women
  5. The first signs of oncology in men
  6. The first signs of lung cancer
  7. The first signs of prostate cancer

Often, when cancer begins to manifest itself in some way, and the first symptoms appear on the part of specific organs, then this is not the first stage of the disease. Learning to diagnose cancer at the first stage is the main task, first of all, of primary care physicians and oncologists. Every person must be oncologist. This does not mean that you need to be afraid and wait for cancer. You just need to listen and observe your body so as not to miss the first bells. It is also necessary to understand that all of the following symptoms do not necessarily indicate that you have cancer. You just need to observe yourself and consult a doctor with your complaints. And only with a comprehensive examination, after performing examinations, a diagnosis can be made. So, the most common common symptoms of cancer:

General weakness

General weakness accompanies almost all human diseases, therefore it is the most non-specific symptom. Often, general weakness in oncological diseases occurs due to chronic blood loss. Most often it occurs in tumors of the stomach, intestines. When bleeding, a person loses hemoglobin, a protein that carries oxygen to organs and tissues. When the organs, and primarily the brain, receive less oxygen, there is a general weakness.

Unexplained weight loss

If you suddenly began to lose weight rapidly, for example, 4-5 kg ​​per month, and after three months it is already minus 15 kg on the scales, you should immediately consult a doctor. Such a sharp weight loss can cause tumors of the pancreas, stomach, lung. Also, such a rapid weight loss can be the first symptom of tuberculosis, thyrotoxicosis and other serious diseases.

Increase in body temperature

Often, an increase in temperature occurs as a protective reaction of the body, as an activation of immunity, and can be observed as a response to therapy or with the progression of the process. But as the first symptom of a tumor, it does not occur so often, for example, with lymphogranulomatosis.

Pain

Pain as the first sign of cancer is observed in testicular cancer and bone tumors. Most often, pain is already a symptom of the spread of the oncological process. Therefore, in the last stages of cancer, it is pain relief, often with narcotic analgesics, that is the only help for the patient.

You may have noticed that the first symptoms of cancer are very vague and completely non-specific. Unfortunately, most tumors do not manifest themselves at all in the first stage, when the treatment is most effective, and they only manifest themselves in the later stages, when it is extremely difficult to cope with the disease. That is why it is important to understand that it is necessary to visit the clinic every year to undergo “routine”, but very important screening examinations.

Cancer screening

Screening is an examination to detect a particular malignant neoplasm in a patient when he does not complain about anything. In contrast to screening, the so-called “early diagnosis” consists in detecting cancer in patients who have come to the doctor with any complaints. The difference between these two approaches is that during screening, patients are examined on the initiative of medical professionals, and during early detection, on their own initiative.

Therefore, when a nurse throws a note in your mailbox saying that they want to see you at an appointment, or a local therapist scolds you for not having a fluorography or not going through an examination room, then you should only thank them for what they are more interested in your health than you are.

So, the minimum examinations that are recommended for everyone:

  • Radiography or fluorography of the lungs. This is a mandatory screening method for all segments of the population over 18 years of age to exclude tuberculosis and lung cancer.
  • Screening for cervical cancer consists in regular examination of cytological smears from the cervix. Allows you to identify pathology with minimal cellular changes in the epithelium. Cytology analysis is taken in the examination room. But the doctor performs the colposcopy procedure. During a colposcopy, the doctor examines the cervix with a magnifying glass and, if necessary, takes a biopsy. Conducting a full screening of cervical cancer can reduce the incidence of cervical cancer by 80% and mortality from this disease by 72%. Also, with the availability of ultrasound in our time, I would recommend that every woman perform an ultrasound of the pelvic organs once a year to exclude pathology from the ovaries.
  • Breast cancer screening involves performing mammograms for women aged 45-70 every 2 years. For women with a history of mastopathy or aggravated heredity (for example, breast cancer in the mother), it is recommended to perform a mammogram once a year. For younger women, to exclude the pathology of the gland, it is better to do ultrasound, since at the age of 45-50 years, the mammary glands are difficult to visualize with mammography, and the ultrasound method will be more informative.
  • Screening for prostate cancer is the regular measurement of the level of prostate-specific antigen (PSA) in the blood of men aged 50 to 65-70 years. PSA is a tumor marker for prostate cancer. In prostate cancer, more PSA protein enters the bloodstream than in a healthy person. Thus, by the method of determining the concentration of PSA in the blood of a man, one can suspect cancer or a benign tumor of the prostate - adenoma. With an increase in the PSA level approximately above 4 ng / ml, a consultation with a urologist and an ultrasound of the prostate are required. Men with a family history of prostate cancer can have their PSA checked starting at the age of 40.
  • Colon cancer screening consists of taking a fecal occult blood test - a hemocult test. To avoid a positive test, it is necessary to give up meat, liver and all foods containing iron (spinach, apples, beans, etc.) for 3 days. If a fecal occult blood test is positive, then a colonoscopy is necessary. During colonoscopy, a probe with an optical device at the end inserted into the anus examines the large intestine. If the doctor stumbles upon a polyp, he will definitely remove it with a subsequent tissue biopsy. Hemoculttest is prescribed annually to all people over the age of 50 years.

And now let's talk about the first signs of oncology, the most common in our region.

The first signs of stomach cancer

Gastric cancer in the early stages, as a rule, does not have pronounced clinical signs, but some of them still attract attention.

❖ Persistent loss of appetite or its complete loss up to aversion to food without any objective reason.

❖ Unmotivated weakness and weight loss.

❖ Changes in mental status (loss of joy in life, interest in the environment).

❖ The phenomenon of "gastric discomfort" - constant or food-related discomfort, a feeling of heaviness, fullness.

❖ Pain is the most common symptom. With advanced forms of stomach cancer, pain becomes constant, dull, persistent, not associated with food intake, occurring for no apparent reason and aggravated after eating. Sometimes the pain is so severe that it is difficult to relieve medication.

Belching, heartburn, nausea are common in stomach cancer, but they do not have any characteristic features. The patient should be alerted by a feeling of fullness in the stomach and persistent belching at first with air, and later with rotten air. Vomiting is observed with a significant narrowing of the lumen of the stomach by a tumor.

Your doctor should hear all these symptoms and send you for tests and studies in order to verify the diagnosis.

Prevention of stomach cancer

➢ The Cancer Prevention Diet is what is recommended for most people who want to be healthy. It is necessary to reduce, and it is better to completely abandon the use of smoked meats, marinades, preservatives, fast food, and, on the contrary, increase the consumption of fruits and vegetables. Excessively hot food and drinks should not be consumed - this is harmful to the pharynx, esophagus and stomach.

➢ Smoking cessation. For those who stop smoking, the risk of developing cancer decreases over time.

➢ Limiting the consumption of alcoholic beverages.

➢ The fight against chronic infections in the stomach, primarily with a bacterium that can cause the development of gastritis and stomach ulcers - Helicobacter pylori.

➢ Timely treatment of precancerous diseases of the stomach - polyps.

Cancer alertness should be in every person. And it is important to understand that cancer in the first stages of almost any localization responds well to treatment.

I bring to your attention natural herbal preparations to combat diseases of the stomach: - regulates the acidity of gastric juice, - promotes the healing of ulcers of the mucous membranes, - fights Helicobacter pylori.

The first signs of bowel cancer

Like all tumors in the early stages, intestinal tumors practically do not manifest themselves in any way. With the development of the oncoprocess, there are signs that make a person see a doctor, in the last stages - severe intestinal disorders. The first signs of bowel cancer, which you should pay attention to:

❖ Loss of appetite, nausea, general unexplained weakness.

❖ Significant weight loss, even with preserved appetite.

❖ Prolonged constipation followed by diarrhea. Feeling of an empty bowel after a bowel movement.

❖ The presence of blood in the stool. It can be streaks of blood, scarlet blood or altered blood. The color of feces is an important diagnostic feature in diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

❖ Mucus or pus appears in the feces, which causes the feces to have an irritating fetid odor.

❖ Abdominal pain at the site of the tumor increases as the tumor grows.

❖ Pain in the anus, aggravated by defecation. Frequent urge to bottom.

Bowel cancer prevention

➢ The fight against chronic constipation is essential in the prevention of bowel cancer. It is necessary to adjust your lifestyle in such a way that the chair is DAILY.

When fecal masses are not removed from the intestine for a long time, the time of contact of the harmful substances contained in them with the intestinal mucosa increases, which leads to the development of chronic inflammation, and further significantly increases the risk of developing bowel cancer. If you are struggling with constipation with enemas, then you should understand that this is an emergency measure. During enemas, only the lower intestine is cleansed, and harmful substances located at a more remote distance from the rectum are not washed out.

➢ Changes in the diet of modern man over the past decades have led to an increase in the incidence of colon cancer. The fact that this is mainly due to a decrease in the diet of plant foods, an increase in the consumption of refined foods and animal fats (lamb, beef, pork) has been irrefutably proven by many studies. Therefore, limiting animal fats in the diet and enriching your diet with fiber is the basis of a healthy intestine.

➢ It has also been proven that antioxidant vitamins C, E, A and B vitamins inhibit the formation of carcinogens in the body, which in turn contributes to the prevention of colon cancer.

➢ Avoiding alcohol, especially beer, reduces the risk of developing colon cancer. This is evidenced by a number of scientific papers and statistics.

I bring to your attention natural herbal preparations to eliminate problems with the intestines, as well as to prevent intestinal cancer: - a preparation for daily use for those people who want to be healthy. Loklo is the key to the health of your intestines, full-fledged natural fiber from a variety of vegetables and fruits for effective bowel cleansing and stool normalization; - due to its composition, it reduces the risk of developing cancer of the small and large intestines, and also prevents breast cancer in women and prostate cancer in men. - effective natural laxative without addictive effect;

The first signs of cancer in women

In this section of the article, I will talk about the first symptoms of breast and uterine cancer.

The first signs of breast cancer

❖ Seal in the mammary gland. One of the earliest signs of breast cancer is a lump. According to statistics, 70-80% of all sick women were able to independently notice the first symptoms of breast cancer. Of course, most of the tumors found are benign. But the help of a specialist - an oncologist or a mammologist is extremely necessary as soon as possible.

❖ Discharge from the mammary glands. The color of the discharge can be any - transparent, bloody, yellow-green, with an admixture of pus. With any kind of discharge from the mammary gland, it is urgent to see a doctor. As the disease progresses, ulcers appear that affect not only the nipple, but also pass to the rest of the breast.

❖ Change in the appearance of the breast. As the disease develops, the color of the skin over the tumor changes, from pinkish to purplish, and the skin itself. Breast skin in breast cancer seems to sink, flattening or elongation of the mammary gland may appear. The right and left breasts may become different in size. Although usually in women one breast is larger than the other, but with the development of the disease, this asymmetry becomes more noticeable.

❖ Nipple retraction. Moreover, as the disease progresses, the nipple retracts more and more.

❖ Enlarged lymph nodes. An increase in axillary, paraclavicular lymph nodes and pain on the affected side is a reason for immediate medical attention.

Prevention of breast cancer

➢ First birth before age 30, breastfeeding for at least 6 months, and no abortions are thought to reduce the risk of breast cancer.

➢ Refusal of alcohol and smoking, living in ecologically favorable conditions, minimizing stressful situations.

➢ Monthly breast self-examination. Consistent palpation of the mammary gland is preferably carried out after menstruation. And women in menopause need to choose a certain day of the month and do not forget to conduct regular examinations. The shape, symmetry, the presence of pits, tubercles, seals, changes in the skin - everything is worth paying attention to. It is also necessary to examine the armpits and the collarbone area in search of individual enlarged lymph nodes. If there are any changes and suspicions, you should immediately contact a specialist.

I propose to pay attention to a natural herbal preparation made from broccoli - which reduces the risk of developing a number of hormone-dependent tumors: breast cancer, uterine cancer, uterine fibroids, colon cancer, and also fights mastopathy. Indole-3-carbinol has established itself as the number one drug in the treatment of mastopathy in women of different ages, many gynecologists successfully use it in their practice.

The first signs of uterine cancer

It is very problematic to suspect a disease of the cervix or body of the uterus in the early stages due to the lack of clinical manifestations. Therefore, for cancer of this localization, annual screening is extremely important! The most common symptoms of uterine cancer are:

❖ Cervical cancer is characterized by spotting after intercourse and/or pain during intercourse.

❖ For cancer of both the cervix and the body of the uterus, bleeding, intermenstrual discharge of varying intensity are characteristic. Sometimes it happens that a woman in menopause has bleeding, but she does not attach any importance to this, believing that menstruation has returned.

❖ Pain that occurs in the lower back, sacrum, lower abdomen and rectum is the latest symptom and indicates the spread of the tumor process to the lymph nodes and nearby tissues.

Prevention of uterine cancer

➢ Timely onset of sexual activity (after 18 years), a limited number of sexual partners, since sexual infections provoke the development of uterine cancer. The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) has been scientifically proven in the development of cervical cancer. If, nevertheless, there is some kind of infectious disease, then it is necessary to cure it.

➢ The risk of developing the disease increases with overeating, excessive consumption of fried foods, with an abundance of animal fats in food.

➢ Vitamins play an important role in metabolic processes, including those having a protective antitumor effect.

➢ To prevent cervical cancer, it is necessary to treat cervical erosion, cervicitis and leukoplakia in time. That is, you must not forget to regularly look into the office to the gynecologist.

➢ Refusal of alcohol and smoking. In special studies, smoking has been found to slightly increase the risk of developing cervical cancer. It turned out that the consumption of various alcoholic beverages in terms of pure ethyl alcohol in doses of more than 30 g per day also increases the risk of cervical cancer.

Of the natural products of the NSP company, I would like to first of all pay attention to the product that removes excess estrogen from the body and helps prevent the development of hormone-dependent tumors (breast and uterus cancer), and also inhibits the growth of tumor cells infected with the human papillomavirus.

As well as for the prevention of other tumors, it is necessary to take courses of antioxidants:,,,,,, etc.

The first signs of lung cancer

Unfortunately, lung cancer is not particularly different from other types of oncology, and it loves and knows how to disguise itself in the same way. Therefore, the symptoms begin to manifest themselves more actively as the disease progresses.

❖ General weakness, increased fatigue, weight loss. Body temperature may rise at the level of 37-37.5 degrees.

❖ Pronounced cough, especially with an admixture of blood in the sputum.

❖ Shortness of breath, chest pain, often aggravated by inhalation.

❖ As the disease progresses, the tumor begins to grow and compress closely located organs and structures. This can lead to difficulty breathing, swallowing disorders, hoarseness.

Prevention of lung cancer

➢ Stopping smoking, both active and passive, significantly reduces the risk of lung cancer. Smoking increases the risk of lung cancer by 5 times! Science has repeatedly proven that when smoking, more than 40 types of various carcinogens enter the body.

➢ Professional factors. Work associated with such chemicals as asbestos, arsenic, radon, cadmium, nickel, chromium (their inhalation and regular contact with them) is one of the serious risk factors. Therefore, when working with hazardous substances, it is necessary to use personal protective equipment.

➢ Polluted environment. A regularity was revealed that rural residents get lung cancer 4 times less than residents of large cities, all other things being equal.

➢ Proper nutrition with enrichment of the diet with vitamins, minerals and antioxidants. Sufficient consumption of vegetables, fruits and berries helps to reduce the risk of cancer.

For the prevention of lung cancer and other types of tumors, I also recommend taking courses of natural plant antioxidants: Vitamin E, Vitamin C, Antioxidant, Grepine with protectors, Zambrosa, Protective formula, TNT and etc.

The first signs of prostate cancer

Prostate cancer is characterized by a stable malignant course. It is very difficult to detect the disease in the early stages, since at first the tumor does not manifest itself, and the neoplasm continues its persistent growth. This tumor is characterized by a special insidiousness - the symptoms have not even appeared yet, and the neoplasm is actively metastasizing (i.e., tumor screenings appear in other organs, for example, in the bones, liver). As a result, even a small primary focus in a short period of time can spread beyond the affected gland, making the prognosis unfavorable.

❖ Violation of the outflow of urine is one of the very first symptoms. As the tumor grows, it compresses the urethra. Patients with a tumor may have trouble starting to urinate, experience a feeling of incomplete emptying, and painful urge to urinate. Urinary incontinence is also one of the symptoms. But such symptoms often bother men with prostate adenoma, so the first symptoms of cancer may go unnoticed.

❖ As the tumor grows, it will begin to grow into nearby organs and tissues, which will lead to painful sensations. Prostate cancer is characterized by pain in the perineum and pubis, and patients may experience discomfort over the pubic bone. Later, blood in the urine and an admixture of blood in the ejaculate may appear. Erectile dysfunction is not ruled out.

❖ With further progression of the tumor, bone pains appear (especially often in the lower back), significant weight loss, and a decrease in the level of hemoglobin in the blood. There may be a limitation of movements of the lower extremities, swelling, and sometimes paralysis caused by compression of an overgrown tumor of the spinal cord.

I remind you that not a single man is immune from a prostate tumor. It is extremely important, for life including, not to miss the moment and diagnose the disease as early as possible. The main method of early diagnosis and prevention of cancer localized in the prostate is annual urological screening for men over 45 years of age. (See above in the article on PSA testing). Any suspicious signs of prostate cancer at this age should be a wake up call! Seek immediate medical attention.

Prevention of prostate cancer

➢ Diet - with particular importance given to vegetables and fruits (tomatoes, cabbage, broccoli, soybeans, grapes and others) and the restriction of products containing animal fats. Scientists have noticed that the incidence of prostate cancer in the world is distributed unevenly. For example, it is noted that Japan has a rather low incidence. It is believed that this is due to the fact that the Japanese have a lot of plant foods in their diet, especially soy. It contains phytoestrogens, which are similar in composition to female sex hormones. These substances reduce the content of male hormones in the body. At the same time, the body does not lose its male qualities, but the likelihood of prostate cancer is significantly reduced. An important role in the prevention of prostate cancer is played by carotenoids and alpha-tocopherol (beta-carotene and vitamin E). They are found mainly in plant foods.

➢ Lifestyle - while limiting tobacco smoking and alcohol consumption, increase the level of physical activity. Exercise can reduce excess weight, which can be a risk factor for prostate cancer.

Of the natural herbal preparations of the NSP company, I would like to draw attention to preparations for men's health, which are recommended to be taken periodically 2-3 times a year. These are phytocomplexes containing Creeping Serena and African Plum:,, (courses of 4-6 weeks). The drug deserves special attention. Indole 3 Carbinol, which reduces the risk of developing a number of hormone-dependent tumors, including prostate cancer.

The first symptom of cancer can be weight loss of more than five kilograms in a short time.

Symptom of oncological disease - high body temperature and febrile state

A high body temperature can be observed in oncological diseases of a fairly high prevalence. A feverish condition overtakes cancer patients with anti-cancer therapy, which affects the body's immune forces, increasing susceptibility to the disease.

Symptoms of cancer - weakness and fatigue

Weakness and fatigue can be considered one of the most important symptoms of cancer. Fatigue can occur in the first stages of cancer development, when the progression of the disease is accompanied by blood loss, for example, in colon cancer.

Cancer symptom - soreness

Soreness can serve as an early manifestation of malignant neoplasms, for example, bone tissue.

A symptom of cancer - a change in the color and quality of the skin

Tumors of the skin and certain types of oncology of the internal organs can cause the development of dermatological signs of cancer, for example, darkening of the skin, yellowness of the skin, redness and scabies.

In addition to the general ones, there are also specific symptoms of oncological diseases that are characteristic of any particular type of cancer. Again, this does not mean at all that if you find any specific symptom from those listed, you should immediately think about an oncological disease. All symptoms that occur should be reported to the doctor.

Disorders of the stool and disruption of the bladder

Stool disorders can manifest themselves in persistent constipation or, conversely, in diarrhea. In addition, the amount of feces, their qualitative characteristics may change. When defecating, feces can go with blood impurities. When emptying the bladder, pain may be noted, urination may become frequent or less frequent. All these changes should be known to the doctor to build the correct clinical picture.

Bleeding or unusual discharge

Causeless bleeding can open both in the early stages of cancer development and in its advanced cases. Blood impurities in the sputum when coughing may indicate oncology of the lung tissue. Blood in the stool may indicate oncology of the colon or rectum. Cancer of the uterus or cervix can lead to vaginal bleeding. Oncology of the bladder can be expressed in blood impurities in the urine.

Digestive disorders and swallowing difficulties

These symptoms can be observed in various pathologies of a non-oncological nature, however, their combination may indicate oncology of the esophagus, pharynx, or gastrointestinal tract.

Symptoms of oncological diseases (cancer) in women

Signs of cancer in women. With early treatment of a woman to a doctor, a cure for cancer is quite possible - modern medicine has proven this more than once. However, our women are afraid or embarrassed to go to the doctor with seemingly trifling complaints and make a serious mistake, wasting precious time. We will talk about the main symptoms of cancer in the weak half of humanity. All women are aware of the existence of various oncological diseases. Unfortunately, in our time, such diseases occupy one of the main places in the structure of mortality.

1. Bleeding

One of the most alarming symptoms for women should be bleeding after menopause - that is, a year after the cessation of menstruation. Periods cannot return if they have already stopped. Do not think that this is normal - consult a doctor to clarify the circumstances.

Another serious symptom should be spotting after intercourse, intermenstrual bleeding or too heavy menstruation, the appearance of pain during menstruation - this may be a sign of hormonal changes or cancer of the cervix or adnexa.

The initial stages of cervical cancer are not difficult to diagnose, a smear is taken from the cervical canal for the study of special cells (cytology) and cancer markers.

To determine ovarian cancer, the volume of studies is more, ultrasound and blood tests for special markers specific to ovarian cancer are necessary.

2. Allocations

One of the signs of some types of endometrial cancer (the inner wall of the uterus), along with bleeding, is the appearance of unusual watery discharge with or without ichor from the genital tract. This symptom should be given special attention - sometimes, starting as a sign of infection, chronic inflammation passes into the oncogenic stage.

This type of cancer, with timely diagnosis, is treated surgically and can be completely cured of the disease.

3. Breast changes

Breast cancer is the leading cause of death in women today. Every woman needs to know about breast self-examination. This is a completely painless procedure, which is recommended once a month at home in front of a mirror. With regular carrying out of this procedure on the same day of the cycle, you will thoroughly examine the tissue of the gland, which will allow you to notice a change in the breast or nipple in time. Most breast diseases in women can only be diagnosed in the laboratory (blood test for tumor markers).

Signs for concern should be any external differences compared to previous examinations:

  • the appearance on the skin of a network of blood vessels, age spots or areas of "orange peel",
  • change in the shape of the breast or nipple,
  • the appearance of seals in the chest, which are not painful.
  • discoloration of the areola of the nipple (if you are not pregnant and not lactating) and its peeling,
  • discharge from the nipple, in the absence of lactation, especially if they are bloody or whitish.
  • the appearance of dimples on the skin,
  • an increase in the temperature of the chest or its separate area.

Also, “dimples” may appear on the skin of the chest, which are symptoms of cancer. These symptoms are a reason to see a doctor immediately.

4. Discomfort

One of the first symptoms of genital cancer in women is itching and discomfort in the labia, irritation or skin changes that are not associated with infections or allergies. These changes are usually long and progressive - therefore, at the slightest discomfort, go to the doctor for an examination.

The first signs of cancer

Often, a cancerous tumor does not show any specific symptoms. Therefore, most people learn about a terrible diagnosis only when it is already very difficult, and sometimes completely impossible, to cope with the disease. And there is also such a category of citizens who, with any ailment, think about the worst and try to detect signs of cancer in themselves.

Perhaps excessive vigilance is also useless, but if you really notice something is wrong in your condition, you should undergo a medical examination.

Cancer: signs and symptoms

Diseases of this kind manifest themselves in different ways. But there are common signs of oncology in children, women and men. In general, three groups of symptoms can be distinguished:

  • Unsuccessful treatment of diseases. When you carry out enhanced therapy for any pathologies, whether it be a stomach ulcer, inflammation of the bladder or pneumonia, and there is no improvement for a long time, you should be wary. Perhaps this indicates the presence of a cancerous lesion.
  • small manifestations. Reduced performance, constant feeling of discomfort, fatigue, decreased interest in the surrounding reality, unreasonable weight loss - all this can speak of oncology.
  • Tissue growth. If during a visual examination or palpation you find a deformation or asymmetry of some part of the body, you should be wary. Perhaps such a tumor is dangerous.

10 signs of cancer

Now we will list the first symptoms of cancer, with the appearance of which it is necessary to consult a doctor.

  1. Sudden weight loss. Many people at an early stage of the development of the disease begin to lose weight rapidly. If you lose more than five kilograms in a short time, visit your doctor immediately.
  2. Increased temperature and fever. This symptom usually appears when the cancer has already spread widely. But it is he who can be the first call.
  3. Fatigue and weakness. These are perhaps the most important first signs of cancer, characteristic of absolutely any type of cancer. However, many simply ignore them.
  4. Pain in the bones. This symptom may indicate malignant neoplasms in the bone tissue.
  5. Change in the quality and color of the skin cover. Dermatological signs, such as darkening, redness, yellowness of the skin, itching, and others, may indicate the presence of skin cancer or oncology of internal organs.
  6. Changes in the size, color, thickness, shape of moles, as well as the occurrence of wounds or ulcers that are not amenable to therapy. Moles can transform into malignant tumors, so do not ignore such manifestations.
  7. Violations of the functioning of the bladder and disorders of the stool. You should consult a specialist if you suffer from persistent constipation or, on the contrary, diarrhea. Changes such as pain during emptying, more frequent or rare urination should also alert.
  8. Constant headache. This symptom may indicate the presence of a brain tumor.
  9. Unusual discharge, bleeding. Blood impurities in the stool, urine, vaginal bleeding in women - all this can be a manifestation of cancer.
  10. Persistent cough, sore throat, hoarseness, and trouble swallowing and indigestion. If you find blood clots in your sputum when you cough, you should immediately visit a doctor, because you may have lung tissue cancer. Swallowing problems and digestive disorders are often not signs of cancer, but if they occur together, you can suspect a cancer of the pharynx, esophagus, or gastrointestinal tract.

Symptoms of different types of cancer

Of course, in addition to general manifestations, there are specific signs of oncological diseases that are characteristic only for one or another variety. And still, even if you find any characteristic symptom, you should not immediately think that you have cancer. First visit a specialist, and then draw conclusions.

Stomach cancer

In the early stages of the disease, the signs are inaccurate and scarce. Often, not only patients, but the doctors themselves write off the symptoms that have appeared on gastritis. In this case, everything is limited to the appointment of medications, and a complete examination is not carried out. And yet, specialists who listen attentively to the complaints of patients sometimes catch the first signs of an oncological disease. These include:

  • decreased ability to work, unreasonable weakness;
  • sustained unmotivated decrease in appetite or its complete loss, up to an aversion to food;
  • discomfort in the stomach: not getting pleasure from eating tasty food, feeling of heaviness even after taking a small amount of food, soreness in the epigastric zone, sometimes nausea and vomiting;
  • progressive weight loss, accompanied by blanching of the skin;
  • depression: alienation, loss of interest in work and life in general, apathy.

The described first signs of oncology can manifest themselves both against the background of a previous stomach disease (for example, an ulcer), and against the background of absolute health. Only when a malignant tumor becomes widespread, vivid symptoms appear: persistent vomiting, intense pain radiating to the back, severe weight loss, severe weakness, earthy skin color.

breast cancer

The first signs of oncology in women in this case are retraction and flattening of the nipple and bloody discharge from it. Pain is not a diagnostic symptom. With a breast tumor, pain may be completely absent, but with mastopathy, on the contrary, it can be pronounced.

Depending on what form the cancer has, the signs and symptoms will vary. So, with a mastitis-like form of the disease, the mammary gland greatly increases, swells and hurts. The skin becomes hot to the touch. The erysipelatous form is characterized by the sudden appearance of redness on the skin of the chest, as well as a significant increase in temperature. Shell oncology is manifested by a bumpy thickening of the skin. A kind of shell is formed, covering part of the chest, and sometimes its entirety.

Rectal cancer

As already mentioned, usually the signs of oncological diseases in the early stages are not particularly pronounced. Colon cancer is no exception. Symptoms that can be noticed: dull pain during bowel movements at the time of the passage of feces, mucus and blood in the stool, subsequently a ribbon-like stool. Such manifestations are often mistaken for signs of hemorrhoids. However, there is a difference: with hemorrhoids, blood in the feces usually appears at the beginning of a bowel movement, and with rectal cancer, at the end. At a later stage, constipation is added to the listed symptoms, followed by diarrhea, frequent urge to defecate, and discharge of fetid purulent-bloody masses.

Skin cancer

This type of oncology can also have different forms: ulcerative, nodular, infiltrative. However, often the first signs of skin cancer, regardless of form, are the same. Dense painless nodules of a waxy pinkish-yellowish color appear on the body. Gradually they grow. Very rarely there are forms with sluggish growth, which for many years do not show visible changes. But there are also such cases.

Lung cancer

Depending on where the primary tumor occurs, in the lung tissue or in the bronchus, the first signs of oncology will vary. In the case of central cancer (cancer of the bronchus), a hacking dry cough develops first, later sputum appears, often it has blood impurities. For this form of the disease, the causeless occurrence of pneumonitis (inflammation of the lung), accompanied by an increase in temperature, increased cough, general weakness, and in some cases chest pains, is very characteristic. Peripheral cancer, which originates in the lung tissue, is almost asymptomatic at the initial stage and is often detected during a preventive x-ray examination.

A brain tumor

Signs of oncological diseases of the brain are numerous, and they cannot be called specific. It is noteworthy that many neoplasms do not manifest themselves at all and are most often found only after death, at autopsy. This applies, for example, to a pituitary tumor. It should also be borne in mind that not all formations are malignant - benign tumors often appear in the same way as cancerous ones. The only way to check the nature of the symptoms present is to undergo an examination.

Symptoms in these types of oncology are associated with the pressure of the tumor on the brain and, in connection with this, a violation of its work. The signs are similar in both the primary and metastatic (when the neoplasm penetrates into other parts of the brain) stages and are characterized by weakness, headache, absent-mindedness, the appearance of convulsions and spasms, and difficulty in motor processes. Nausea and vomiting are also possible (especially in the morning), blurred vision, weakening of intellectual activity associated with impaired memory and concentration, a gradual decrease in mental activity, changes in emotional state, difficulty in speech processes. These symptoms, as a rule, do not appear immediately, so for a long time the disease may go unnoticed.

Finally

We have listed the signs of the main oncological diseases, but, of course, we have not touched on all types of cancer. There are a lot of them, and the symptoms in each case will be different. For example, the main manifestations of uterine cancer are bleeding and discharge in the form of whites from the vagina. The main symptom of esophageal cancer is pain when swallowing food, and the most common symptom of bladder cancer is blood in the urine. Do not be negligent about your health and immediately consult a doctor at the slightest suspicion of a terrible disease.

10 Signs of Early Stage Cancer in Men

The most common cause of death in adult men in developed countries is cancer. While a healthy diet may reduce the risk of certain types of cancer, other factors, such as heredity, may play a larger role. Once the cancer has spread throughout the body, it will be much more difficult to treat it.

Being aware of the early symptoms of cancer in a man's body can help him start treatment faster to improve his chances of recovery.

Early symptoms of cancer in men include the following:

alteration of the genitourinary system

persistent back pain

weight loss for no apparent reason

lumps in the chest

In this article, you will learn what to look out for first and what symptoms to discuss with your doctor. And now more about each symptom:

1 Intestinal alteration

Episodic intestinal problems are normal, but changes in the structure of the cells and tissues of the intestine may indicate the development of colon or rectal cancer. Collectively, this is called colorectal cancer.

Frequent diarrhea and constipation can be early symptoms of cancer, especially if intestinal problems appear suddenly. Dangerous symptoms to watch out for are frequent gas and sharp pains in the abdomen.

A change in the consistency and volume of bowel movements can also serve as a signal for the onset of cancer.

2 Rectal bleeding

Rectal bleeding can be an early sign of rectal cancer. This is especially important if bleeding persists for a long time, or if the patient has iron deficiency anemia due to blood loss. There may also be blood in the stool.

Free legal advice:


Although there are other, more common causes of rectal bleeding, such as hemorrhoids, you should not try to self-diagnose yourself if you have these symptoms. Talk to your doctor about your concerns. After the age of 50, it is important to have regular colon screening.

3 Alteration of the genitourinary system

Urinary incontinence and other genitourinary symptoms may develop with age. However, some symptoms may indicate the appearance of a tumor in the prostate gland. Most often, this type of cancer affects men aged 60 and older.

Symptoms of dangerous changes in the urinary tract:

inability to urinate despite desire

tension during urination

4 Blood in the urine

It is impossible to ignore such a symptom as blood in the urine. This is a common symptom of bladder cancer. This type of cancer is more common in current and former smokers than in people who have never smoked. Prostatitis, prostate cancer, and urinary tract infections can also contribute to blood in the urine.

Early stage prostate cancer may be accompanied by the presence of blood in semen.

5 Persistent back pain

Back pain is a common symptom of many diseases, but not all men understand that it can be a symptom of cancer. Other signs of cancer may not appear until it has spread to other parts of your body, such as the bones in your spine. For example, prostate cancer often spreads to nearby bones and can cause similar symptoms in the hips and lower torso.

Unlike episodic muscle pain, bone cancer causes long-term pain and discomfort in the bones.

6 Cough

By itself, cough is a faithful companion of smokers, colds or exacerbation of allergies. However, a persistent cough can be an early sign of lung cancer. If the patient does not have other cough-related symptoms, such as a stuffy nose or fever, then their unusual cough is probably not related to a viral or infectious disease.

A cough accompanied by bloody mucus may indicate the development of lung cancer in men.

7 Testicular lumps

Prostate, lung or colon cancer is much more common in men than testicular cancer. However, early symptoms should not be ignored. Lumps in the testicles are the most common symptoms of testicular cancer.

During regular examinations, doctors pay special attention to this symptom.

8 Excessive fatigue

Fatigue can be associated with many chronic diseases or disorders. Increased fatigue is your body's way of telling you that something is not working right. When cancer-affected cells grow and multiply rapidly, your body may begin to signal depletion.

Fatigue is a common symptom of the development of various types of cancer. Be sure to consult your doctor if you feel excessive fatigue that does not disappear after a full night's sleep.

9 Losing weight for no reason

With age, it becomes more and more difficult for the body to maintain optimal weight, and therefore weight loss can be considered as a positive factor. But sudden and inexplicable weight loss can signal the presence of a serious disease in the body, including almost any type of cancer.

If you lose weight in a short time without changing your diet and amount of exercise, be sure to let your doctor know.

10 Seals in the chest

Not everyone knows that breast cancer can develop not only in women. Men are equally susceptible to this disease and should pay attention to the presence of suspicious formations in the chest area. It is the earliest detected symptom of breast cancer in men. Contact your doctor immediately and get tested if you notice a lump.

Breast cancer in men can be genetically influenced, but it can also be due to exposure to radiation or high estrogen levels. Breast tumors in men, although quite rare, most often affect men over 60 years of age.

Don't ignore

Many types of cancer are difficult to detect at the earliest stages, but some signs can directly signal the development of a disease in the body. Knowing the most common signs of a dangerous illness is vital to getting a quick diagnosis. However, the exact signs and symptoms of cancer can vary from case to case. You should see your doctor if you suspect that you have these early signs of cancer in your body.

The first signs of a tumor, how to determine oncology, typical and atypical symptoms

What horror a person experiences when he is given this dangerous diagnosis! But the situation does not always end tragically. If signs of cancer are detected at the first stage of damage to the body, oncology diseases are treatable. What symptoms help to suspect malignant neoplasms, how they differ in men and women, with various types of pathologies - information useful to people at any age.

What is cancer

This disease is one of the most dangerous - it develops rapidly and often ends in death. Cancer is an oncological pathology in which there is an uncontrolled growth of cells that form a malignant tumor. Taking into account the stage of development:

  • on the first, a cure is possible;
  • the second is characterized by the spread of cancer cells to neighboring organs, is eliminated with timely diagnosis;
  • the third, fourth have a low survival rate due to rapid metastases throughout the body.

Cancer develops from the epithelium, the disease can begin in any human organ. Due to violation of metabolic processes:

  • new cells acquire unusual functions;
  • cease to form tissues correctly;
  • require additional energy for growth;
  • affect healthy tissues of the body, destroying them;
  • capture blood vessels, lymphatic channels and spread throughout the body - metastasize.

How to detect

In order to achieve a positive result of treatment, it is important to identify the beginning process in a timely manner, to engage in cancer prevention. Signs of oncology in the body can be detected at professional examinations, with the obligatory passage of mammography, fluorography, urine and feces tests. The onset of the disease is determined by the results of a blood test, when, for no apparent reason, it is found:

  • acceleration of ESR;
  • decrease in hemoglobin level;
  • changes in thyroid, sex, adrenal hormones;
  • elevated calcium levels in kidney cancer.

When there is a targeted detection of a tumor, use:

  • tests for tumor markers;
  • cytological examination of cells;
  • tissue histology - differentiate cancer;
  • computed tomography - reveal the size, shape of the neoplasm;
  • ultrasound examination - observe changes in tissue density;
  • magnetic resonance imaging - determine tumors of small sizes, metastases throughout the body;
  • endoscopic methods - reveal a picture near the lesion.

How Cancer Manifests

In the initial stages, the symptoms of oncology are often indistinguishable from other diseases or do not appear at all. This leads to late initiation of treatment and reduced effectiveness of the results. As the cancer progresses, it looks different from the signs of infection. Symptoms of malignant tumors depend on:

  • sex, age of the patient;
  • concomitant diseases;
  • cancer stages;
  • tumor structures;
  • localization of cancer;
  • growth rate.

In addition to the general signs characteristic of any type of oncology, are observed in the case of cancer:

  • brain - impaired memory, attention, the appearance of convulsions;
  • skin - depending on the type and form - ulcers, penetration of cancer into the deep layers;
  • lungs - shortness of breath, cough with purulent sputum;
  • liver - development of jaundice;
  • organs of the genitourinary system - blood in the urine, urination problems;
  • stomach - difficulties in digestion, stool disorders.

General symptoms

Know the general signs of cancer. This will help to consult a doctor in a timely manner, start an examination, primary treatment of the patient. Symptoms of cancer are:

  • sudden unreasonable weight loss;
  • fever, fever, - the reaction of the immune system, the activation of forces to fight the disease, appears in the last stages.

The main signs of the manifestation of oncological disease include:

  • deterioration of well-being;
  • gradual increase in weakness;
  • increased fatigue;
  • nausea;
  • the occurrence of pain - possible at all stages of cancer;
  • changes in the skin - the appearance of urticaria, erythema, jaundice, with skin melanoma - increased pigmentation, the formation of warts, a change in their color;
  • deterioration in hair quality;
  • feeling of discomfort in the affected organ;
  • the appearance of seals, tumors.

First signs

It is very important not to miss the first symptoms of cancer. A dangerous disease, detected in the early stages, is successfully treated, gives a high percentage of survival. You can learn about the risk of oncology by the general symptoms of cancer. The first signs of the presence of malignant neoplasms have characteristic features that depend on:

  • localization of a cancerous tumor;
  • lesions of female organs;
  • manifestations of the disease in men;
  • development of pathology in children.

The first signs of cancer in women

The female reproductive organs are often affected by cancerous tumors, which is associated with the peculiarities of the development of the organism. Other localizations of malignant neoplasms are not excluded. The first signs of a tumor in the female body:

  • bleeding during menopause;
  • discharge of a smearing character after sexual intercourse;
  • heavy prolonged menstruation;
  • change in the shape of the breast;
  • discharge from the nipple.

Oncological diseases in women cause symptoms:

  • bleeding between periods;
  • soreness in the ovaries;
  • watery discharge with ichor in cancer of the inner wall of the uterus;
  • seals in the chest;
  • retraction of the nipple;
  • discomfort in the area of ​​the labia;
  • urine leakage;
  • pain in the lower abdomen;
  • blood in the stool;
  • urination disorders;
  • an increase in the size of the abdomen;
  • bleeding from the rectum.

The first signs of oncology in men

In addition to common oncological diseases, cancer of the genitourinary system is not uncommon for men. Frequent smoking leads to the appearance of malignant tumors of the larynx and lungs. In men with cancer, the following symptoms are observed:

  • urinary incontinence;
  • back pain - a signal of a prostate tumor;
  • rectal bleeding;
  • inability to urinate;
  • change in the consistency of stools;
  • blood in the urine;
  • sharp pains in the abdomen;
  • seals in the chest;
  • lumps in the testicles;
  • coughing up blood, mucus, pus.

In children

The onset of cancer in a child may be marked by signs of intoxication of the body - loss of appetite, vomiting, headaches, pallor of the skin. With the development of cancer in children, the appearance of tearfulness, capriciousness, nightmares, and fears is not uncommon. Depending on the type of pathology observed:

  • with leukemia - bleeding from the nose, aching joints, enlarged liver;
  • with brain tumors - impaired coordination, convulsions, loss of consciousness;
  • in the case of osteosarcoma - nocturnal pain in the joints;
  • with eye cancer - blurred vision, hemorrhage.

Back pain due to cancer

Often, especially in the later stages of cancer, pain in the back is observed. Symptoms are in the form of spasms, are aching, tingling in nature. Pain in the lumbar region is observed in ovarian cancer, prostate tumors. Such signs of neoplasms in cancer patients appear as a result of the presence of metastases that have affected the spine. This is typical for the development

  • stomach cancer, when the process captured the pancreas;
  • tumors in the lungs;
  • cancer of the lumbar spine;
  • malignant neoplasm in the breast.

Temperature

Common symptoms of cancer include changes in temperature. This symptom manifests itself in different ways as the tumor grows. An increase in temperature is facilitated by the activation of the immune system, which is trying to fight foreign cells. In the last stages of the disease with many types of cancer, it is very high. At an early stage of development, subfebrile temperature is observed, which lasts for a long time, sometimes up to several weeks, does not exceed 38 degrees. Such signs are typical for the appearance:

Sharp weight loss

Often, in a short period of time, an oncological patient changes his appearance, looks so that he does not look like his photo of six months ago. Sharp weight loss - up to 5 kg per month - is a serious reason to consult a doctor. This sign of oncology is one of the very first and brightest. Losing weight with cancer is explained by:

  • the production by the tumor of substances that disrupt metabolic processes;
  • psychological stress that deprives appetite;
  • the influence of chemotherapy.

A cancer patient quickly loses weight, which is associated with:

  • poisoning the body with metabolic products of cancer cells;
  • the need for a large amount of nutrients for tumor growth and metastases;
  • violation of the intake and digestion of food in cancer of the esophagus, tumors of the gastrointestinal tract;
  • radiation therapy of the head area, in which taste, smell are disturbed, an aversion to food appears;
  • removal of part of the stomach, intestines.

Cough

Such a sign characterizes the oncology of lung and bronchial tissues. The cough changes greatly as the cancer progresses. This symptom is:

  • at the initial stage, a constant dry cough;
  • with the growth of the tumor, a small amount of transparent sputum is formed;
  • with a further increase in size, the vessels are damaged, blood appears;
  • gradually sputum becomes purulent, copious, with an unpleasant odor;
  • with damage to the vessels, it looks like raspberry jelly;
  • with the destruction of the arteries when coughing, pulmonary hemorrhage begins.

Weakness and sweating

With the development of a cancerous tumor, sweating and muscle weakness are not uncommon. With these signs, the body gives a signal about the appearance of serious problems in it. With the defeat of the lymphatic system, adrenal glands, pituitary gland, hormonal disruptions occur, leading to increased sweating. The cause of weakness in the development of cancer are:

  • blood poisoning with waste products of aggressive cells;
  • anemia with damage to blood vessels;
  • the inability to properly digest food with pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract;
  • the interception of nutrition by malignant cells in healthy ones.

Atypical symptoms

There are signs of cancer that are similar to the symptoms of other diseases. To make sure, when they are detected, it is better to contact specialists to clarify the diagnosis. Atypical signs of cancer:

  • sores in the mouth;
  • frequent infections;
  • painful cough;
  • feeling of fullness in the bladder;
  • skin signs - changes in the size and color of warts;
  • unexplained discharge of blood and pus;
  • severe migraine;
  • smell from the mouth;
  • exacerbation of stomach ulcers;
  • problems with swallowing;
  • causeless swelling;
  • sore throat;
  • hoarseness of voice.

Symptoms of cancer of different organs

There are signs of oncology that are characteristic of certain organs. For example, pancreatic or prostate tumors have their own characteristics. There are signs of pathology:

density of the breast area, swelling, redness

Colon tumor

bleeding, bowel dysfunction

Cervical cancer

bleeding from the genital tract

hemoptysis, shortness of breath, purulent sputum

damage to the deep layers of the skin

Note!

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The information presented in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials of the article do not call for self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can make a diagnosis and give recommendations for treatment based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.

Symptoms

What signs of cancer indicate that a malignant tumor has arisen in the body, how to recognize cancer in order to prevent its development in time? Why the symptoms of oncology are ignored by many people and are not perceived as signs of the disease. Many people have a lot of questions about how to determine cancer. Let's look into this in more detail.

Most often, malignant tumors occur against the background of chronic diseases. Precancer today includes diseases such as:

  • gastritis, when the acidity is reduced, stomach ulcer;
  • hepatitis B or C;
  • mastopathy;
  • erosive condition, dysplasia phenomenon

But how to determine what is cancer?

Other symptoms of cancer include:

  • feeling of weakness;
  • intoxication;
  • loss of appetite, weight loss;
  • heat;
  • stress, depression.

Together with these signs of oncology, the so-called local symptoms of cancer are often noted. This is usually due to a malfunction of the target organ. Therefore, it is important to know the symptoms of cancer of different locations in order to immediately consult a doctor and not waste precious time.

The first signs of cancer

If we talk about the first signs, then with a lung lesion, it is a dry cough, perspiration and coughing, which subsequently develops and interferes. Then there is a state of shortness of breath, discomfort in the chest, which does not correlate with inhalation and exhalation. It seems to many that the reason lies in the fact that the heart fails.

The first signs of stomach cancer are a dull pain in the abdomen that occurs between breakfast and lunch, lunch and dinner. Sensation of bloating, full stomach, flatulence constantly passing. Further vomiting of food that was eaten the day before, and after which there is relief. Gastric bleeding and blanching of the dermis, hypotension, enlarged lymph nodes - these symptoms appear later.

In case of rectal cancer, the first signals of oncology are constipation or, on the contrary, semi-liquid stools with a fetid odor, often there is a feeling of not completely emptying the intestines, a pseudo-desire to go to the toilet. Quite often, the very first sign of cancer is dull, aching pain that radiates to the sacrum or tailbone.

With pancreatic cancer, pain is the first to occur, a person begins to lose weight a lot, by about 11-16% per month. With oncology of the esophagus, salivation appears - this is the first and earliest symptom of this oncological disease, as well as a violation of swallowing.

The first signs in women

The first signs of oncology in women who are not hormone-dependent organs are usually the same as in men. However, there are types of cancer that affect only women - this is cervical / uterine cancer, breast cancer, ovarian tumors.

The first symptom of oncology in a feminine way, that is, for example, to breast cancer, can be attributed to:

  • separation from the nipple, often bloody, retraction of the areola;
  • changes in skin color around the nipple;
  • increase in body t;
  • erosion around the nipple, areas with crusts;
  • swelling of the lymph nodes in the region of the collarbone and armpit;
  • swelling of the arm on the side where there is swelling.

In the case of cervical cancer in the early stages of the development of this cancer, the first symptoms of cancer in women are absent and / or they overlap with concomitant diseases associated with inflammation. Noticeable visual changes in cervical cancer include sometimes an irregular monthly cycle, the appearance of spotting between periods.

If the body of the uterus is affected, then the main first symptom is uterine bleeding, which often occurs against the background of menopause. Also, the first signs of cancer of this female organ are cramping pains.

Malignant ovarian tumors account for approximately 20% of all malignant neoplasms in women. Diagnosis of ovarian cancer is a complex medical problem. Distinguish between primary and secondary ovarian cancer. In the initial stages, the first signs of this cancer may not be. The pain syndrome is usually erased, women ignore their feelings. In ovarian cancer, it is important to pay attention to the following changes:

  • how often constipation occurs;
  • whether there are violations of urination;
  • whether there was heaviness in the lower abdomen;
  • how strongly there is a feeling of general weakness and fatigue.

All of the above statements may be the first signs of oncology in women.

The first signs of cancer in men

According to statistics, the most common types of cancer in men are esophageal cancer, lung cancer, pancreatic cancer, rectal cancer, and, of course, prostate and testicular cancer. So with testicular cancer, the first signs of oncology in men are a painless, rather dense tumor from 1 to 10 cm or more. With prostate cancer in the early stages, the disease proceeds without symptoms, but often there is a feeling of incomplete emptying of the bladder, frequent urination, mainly at night, delay or difficulty urinating. But, as a rule, the very first sign of prostate cancer in men and the appearance of metastases is pain in the pelvis and lower back. Recurrent thrombophlebitis is also a manifestation of prostate cancer.

The first signs of oncology in children

The death of children from malignant tumors today exceeds child mortality from accidents. About 20% of the total number are young children. Almost 60% of children with advanced forms of cancer associated with late diagnosis die, only 10% can be saved. But with a timely diagnosis, identifying the first sign of oncology in children, it is possible to cure up to 80% of people!

Among the most common types of malignant tumors in children are:

  • hemoblastoses, which include both leukemia and lymphoma;
  • CNS carcinogenesis;
  • Carcinogenesis of bone and soft structures;
  • nephroblastoma;
  • kidney tumors.

In general, tumors that occur in children are not recorded in the adult population. The most rare is gastrointestinal cancer. There are two dangerous moments in a child's life when he can get sick:

  • in the period from 4 years to the moment when he turns 7 years old;
  • between 11 and 12 years of age.

In children, doctors often detect hemoblastomas, and in adolescents - the formation of malignant bone structures and malignant hyperplasia of the lymphoid tissue.

As a rule, tumors in the non-adult population occur even in the womb of the mother. Sometime they happen under the influence of oncogenic components that got through the placenta to the fetus, in others due to the impact of various negative environmental and internal factors even when the mother is carrying the baby. With genetic pathologies, cancer is often associated with them.

What are the first signs of oncology in children that a doctor can detect when examining such a child. For example, with lymphoma, there is an expansion of the region of the lymph nodes, and with malignant tumors of the liver, changes in the symmetry of the abdomen. The limbs also change in their shape and size, this is typical for bone oncology.

Temperature in oncology

An increase in temperature in the event of oncology is one of the first signs of illness and tumor intoxication. What is the temperature for cancer? During oncology, the temperature usually exceeds normal values ​​in the evening, it is not high, but the person feels that it is elevated. Temperature fluctuations may not be as large, but noticeable. For example, from 37.1 to 37.5-6 C to 38 C. This condition is evidence of poisoning (intoxication) of the human body as a result of tumor decomposition and poisoning by its decay products. Also, a high temperature in oncology is a sign that an infection has occurred and inflammation has begun.

Aversion to meat

In the first stages of cancer, aversion to foods is not observed. Symptoms of aversion to certain foods appear slowly, gradually. But with the progression of tumor growth, a person may notice changes in eating habits. And, as a rule, first of all, it concerns protein foods, which include meat products, meat, sausages, poultry. The reasons for the aversion to meat lie in the global poisoning of the body and the action of free radicals on healthy cells.

Why people lose weight with cancer

Why do people lose weight with cancer? First of all, due to the fact that a person simply ceases to want to eat, appetite disappears during illness. Weight loss in oncology occurs on average from the initial body weight. That is, if a person weighed 70 kg, this is about 5-7 kilograms per month. Parting with kilograms, of course, does not pass without a trace and affects health and well-being.

In turn, a decrease in the desire to eat is associated with the toxic effect of toxins in the tumor. How does weight loss happen with cancer? First, there is some capriciousness in the decisions “what to eat” for lunch or breakfast. Then a person with cancer stops eating altogether, he is not interested in food. The diet ceases to be regular, the patient eats against his will, in tiny portions.

Weight loss in oncology is also associated with a violation of the metabolism of proteins, fats, carbohydrates, salts and water. The production of hormones, the production of enzymes is disrupted. For example, if there is cancer of the stomach, intestines, liver, a failure occurs that prevents food from being digested. Most of all, a person loses weight dramatically if there are malignant tumors of the pancreas, esophagus, and stomach. This is not how weight goes off if bowel cancer is diagnosed.

It is important to understand that with such types of cancer as breast cancer, thyroid cancer, uterine cancer, melanoma, weight loss, weakness and loss of appetite are not observed.

Itching of the body with oncology

Itching of the skin of the body in oncology can also indicate changes that occur against the background of a malignant tumor. For example, with pancreatic cancer, jaundice often occurs, which progresses rapidly and is accompanied by severe itching. Changes in the condition of the skin - dryness, peeling and itching in oncology occur against the background of radiation therapy. Panthenol aerosols, sometimes children's skin care products, are usually used to prevent itching of the skin.

Cancer cough

As a rule, coughing with cancer is the main symptom of some types of malignant tumors. So, for example, it accompanies lung cancer, first as a cough, during the day and / or in the evening, more often at night. Also, a cough with oncology is possible if a person develops cancer of the esophagus. In this case, it also goes along with pain behind the chest area, between the shoulder blades, hoarseness. With stomach cancer, cough does not become the leading symptom, similarly, as with bowel cancer.

Sometimes a cough with oncology appears as a side effect of radiation therapy for oncological diseases.

Weakness and sweating

The weakness that occurs with cancer is an extended feature that is characteristic of many types of malignant tumors. Usually, fatigue occurs first, which can manifest itself at any time in the office or at home. This condition, as a rule, indicates a systematic poisoning of the body with toxins from a collapsing tumor. Moreover, the stronger the intoxication, the higher the weakness in oncology.

Scientifically, the syndrome of exhaustion and weakness in oncology is called cachesia (from the Greek kakos - bad, bad, kexis - condition). In the terminal stages, cachesia is also accompanied by sweating. Why is this happening, why does the body have no strength? This is due to the fact that the muscular, active body mass decreases, the muscles become atrophic, the vital organs, such as the heart, decrease in size, because this is also a muscle.

Sweating in oncology is also associated with intoxication, as well as other disorders in the functioning of the nervous and endocrine systems.

You need to contact a dermatologist and a surgeon. Treatment options may vary depending on your case. Usually such rashes are treated with cauterization, surgical excision, or radiation. .

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