What can you eat when chronic colitis. Treatment of colitis with a diet - do's and don'ts: sample menu and recommendations. Causes of colitis and indications for diet

At the initial stage of acute colitis, general malaise, nausea, loss of appetite, and abdominal pain appear. Pain is more often localized in the iliac regions. The stools are frequent, offensive, and are at first of a fecal character, and then become scanty with mucus and blood. In the first days of the disease, bed rest and diet should be observed in addition to drug treatment. Acute colitis does not cause gross morphological changes in the intestinal mucosa.

Chronic colitis is accompanied by inflammatory-dystrophic changes in the intestine and there is always a violation of its functions.

The causes of the chronic form of the disease are:

• transferred intestinal infections;
• uncontrolled intake of medicines;
• permanent endogenous intoxication;
• alcohol abuse;
• malnutrition (eating spicy and rough, poorly digestible foods, monotonous, protein or carbohydrate nutrition).

The main symptoms of chronic colitis are alternating with diarrhea or mushy stools, accompanied by pain, which are aggravated by the act of defecation. The pains are aching or spastic in nature and are localized in the lower and lateral parts of the abdomen. Occurs most often 7 hours after eating, their decrease after the discharge of gases is characteristic. Many patients suffer from nausea and belching .

In case of indigestion, starch grains, neutral fat, and undigested muscle fibers are found in the feces. With a long course, chronic colitis is characterized by the progression of intestinal digestion disorders, which is accompanied by weight loss, the development of atrophy of fatty tissue and skeletal muscles, an increase in protein deficiency and.

Treatment of the disease should be comprehensive, including anti-inflammatory drugs (,), enveloping and astringent drugs (with diarrhea ), physiotherapy treatment ( electrophoresis , diathermy , ozokerite , radon baths ). Medical nutrition is essential.

With symptoms of colitis at different stages and with violations of bowel function, treatment with a diet is prescribed differentially.

So, with acute colitis and with exacerbation of chronic, occurring with diarrhea, it is recommended. It provides for the exclusion of products that cause increased intestinal motility (vegetables, bran, fiber) and stimulate the secretion of the pancreas, stomach and bile secretion. Also excluded are all products that cause fermentation and decay.

If in colitis prevail constipation , is prescribed, enriched with fiber (bread with bran, vegetables, vinaigrettes, juices from vegetables).

It is indicated for chronic colitis (without exacerbation) and concomitant chronic colitis with reduced secretion, therefore it includes dishes and products that stimulate secretion (fermented milk drinks, broths, juices, berries, vegetables and fried dishes without a rough crust).

Diet number 4 in case of colitis with diarrhea, it spares the intestines, reduces inflammation and normalizes digestion, because it limits all kinds of irritants (mechanical, chemical and thermal).

Basic Rules:

• six meals a day, the basis of which is mashed, slimy soups, puree-like, mushy, semi-liquid dishes;
• reduction in the amount of fat (up to 70 g) and carbohydrates (250 g);
• physiological protein content (90 g);
• the exclusion of foods containing fiber (vegetables, fruits, rye bread, whole grain bread and bran);
• exclusion of very hot as well as cold food;
• boiled (steam) method of preparation;
• a ban on solid and thick food;
• implementation of the water regime (1.5-2 l);
• salt in the amount of 8-10 g.

diet for ulcerative colitis

Nonspecific ulcerative colitis It is an inflammation of the large intestine with the presence of ulcerative lesions of the mucosa, necrosis and hemorrhages. Most often, the process is localized in the rectum and colon, and in severe lesions, all parts of the colon are involved. The causes of the disease have not been established. It is assumed that immunological disorders and hereditary predisposition are the basis, and the presence of infection is a predisposing factor.

With nonspecific ulcerative colitis, the patient is disturbed by diarrhea mixed with blood or pus. The frequency of bowel movements reaches 20 times a day or more (in severe cases). Often there is blood in the feces and blood loss of 100-300 ml is possible per day. NUC is characterized by severe pain of a cramping nature, aggravated after eating.

In severe cases, an intoxication syndrome is noted with weakness, fever, decreased appetite, and systemic manifestations are also characteristic (, damage to the eyes, liver). In the chronic form of the course develops dystrophic syndrome (dry skin, weight loss, hypovitaminosis ).

With this disease, complete restoration of the mucosa and normalization of digestion and absorption do not occur for a long time. And only strict adherence to dietary nutrition, and taking medications create the conditions for achieving remission. In this case, assigned Table number 4 and its varieties depending on the stage of the process.

During an exacerbation, the diet includes liquid and pureed cereals (rice, semolina) on water (milk and broths are excluded). Buckwheat porridge enhances motor skills, so it is not recommended during exacerbation. It is convenient to use cereals for baby food, but they need to be diluted by half with water.

Dishes from lean meat and fish are included (in the form of boiled minced meat, dumplings, steam cutlets, pates). Protein omelets from eggs are useful (no more than two per day). During an exacerbation in the diet, you need to increase the amount of protein to 120-125 g.

From drinks you can herbal decoctions, compotes and kissels, chokeberry juice. Baked apples and pears are allowed. Particular attention should be paid to products that reduce intestinal motility - decoctions and jelly from bird cherry, blueberries, quince, dogwood, pears, strong black and green tea. During the period of exacerbation, some patients do not tolerate even boiled vegetables, so it is better to exclude them. The use of milk, dairy products, sour cream, cheeses and cottage cheese is also not recommended.

Within a month after the exacerbation, it is necessary to strictly adhere to the diet, subsequently a transition to and and a common table with the restriction of certain products for health reasons is recommended. After an exacerbation, foods that promote hematopoiesis, red and black caviar, walnuts are introduced into the diet, meat broths are gradually connected. During the period of persistent remission, the use of vegetables (broccoli, cauliflower, carrots, zucchini, onions) is allowed.

Varieties

The varieties are 4B , differing in the set of products and indications for the appointment.

So, Table 4A recommended for colitis with a predominance of fermentation processes, therefore carbohydrates are strictly limited in the diet (sugar up to 20 g, cereals, bread up to 100 g). Diet No. 4A in chronic colitis, it provides for an increase in protein intake due to cottage cheese and meat dishes. Otherwise, it is not much different from the main diet and includes: one soft-boiled egg daily, mucous soups, mashed rice and semolina porridge, boiled meat and fish, low-fat kefir, a decoction of blueberries and black currants, jelly and jelly from these berries.

Table 4B is prescribed for chronic colitis during the period of improvement (the stage of fading exacerbation) or with an unexpressed exacerbation. The diet is characterized by a large amount of proteins (100-110 g), an increase in fats (up to 100 g) and carbohydrates (up to 400-420 g). The diet remains the same as with the main diet, but the list of allowed foods has been significantly expanded by including vermicelli, potatoes, noodles, carrots, cauliflower, zucchini, cream, sour cream, kefir, and sweet berries in the diet.

Table 4B indicated during the period of recovery from acute colitis and the transition to normal nutrition. It is also prescribed for chronic bowel diseases without exacerbation or during the period of attenuation of exacerbation. The chemical composition is the same as that of the previous table, but vegetable fats are already included and the list of products is expanding: pies, cabbage, lean buns, green peas, doctor's sausage, dairy, ham, beets, oranges, grapes, watermelon, raspberries, tangerines, strawberries, the amount of butter has been increased to 15 g.

Indications

The diet is shown diarrhea that occurs when:

• acute colitis ;
• enterocolitis ;
• pronounced exacerbation chronic colitis .

Approved Products

The diet is based on mashed cereals: semolina, rice (white), buckwheat and oatmeal, which are cooked in water, you can also use low-fat broth. All dishes are boiled or stewed. Butter is added to dishes (5 g per serving). Bread is allowed wheat and only dried or in the form of crackers. You can eat 200 g of crackers per day. Dry cookies are allowed.

Soups are prepared in water or low-fat and weak fish / meat broth, add a minimum of mashed vegetables (or vegetable broth), mashed meat, egg flakes, dumplings or meatballs. The use of low-fat varieties of beef, chicken, veal or turkey is recommended. The meat is additionally defatted, the poultry is cooked without skin. Steam cutlets, or meatballs, are prepared from minced meat.

Cutlets can also be stewed in a small amount of water. When preparing cutlets or meatballs, boiled rice is added to minced meat. They use low-fat sea fish, cook it in a piece or in the form of cutlets and meatballs. Allowed eggs (soft-boiled, steam omelet) up to two per day, they can be added to soups.

Cottage cheese can only be freshly prepared calcined, fresh (non-acidic) and mashed. It is also used in casseroles. Vegetables go only as an additive to soups. Pureed raw apples and applesauce are allowed. Berry jelly, decoctions and fruit drinks are prepared from blueberries, dogwood, quince, bird cherry, black currant, blueberry pears. Allowed: herbal tea, rosehip decoction, green and black tea, still water up to 1.5 liters per day. With good tolerance, diluted fresh juices from non-acidic berries are allowed.

Table of allowed products

Wholly or partially restricted products

In clinical nutrition, foods containing fiber are completely excluded: vegetables (even boiled), bran, rye and whole grains, bread with the addition of seeds, since they injure the mucous membrane and are almost not digested.

Fresh bread, pastries, flour products cause fermentation in the intestines, so they are completely excluded from the diet. For the same reason, jam, dried fruits, honey and other sweets are prohibited, and sugar is allowed in the amount of 50 g per day, taking into account its addition to dishes.

Rich fatty broths are prohibited, as they increase peristalsis, fatty meats, any sausages, fatty fish and canned food (meat, fish). During the period of exacerbation, cereals from coarse barley, millet, pearl barley and poorly digested legumes and pasta are excluded. Soups with whole grains, vegetables, pasta, and milk soups are not allowed. Do not eat hard boiled and fried eggs.

Whole milk, cream and sour cream can provoke diarrhea so they are excluded. Milk is used diluted in the preparation of puddings. Kvass, cocoa and coffee with milk increase intestinal motility, and drinks with gas additionally cause bloating.

Table of prohibited products

* data are per 100 g of product

Diet menu for intestinal colitis (Diet)

It is necessary to organize 6 meals a day and so that the food menu for the week includes alternating a variety of protein dishes (chicken, fish, beef, cottage cheese) and cereals. Egg dishes can be included daily.

It must be remembered that with ulcerative colitis, the diet must be followed for a long time and very carefully introduce new foods. It is advisable to permanently exclude mushrooms, corn, legumes, seeds, poppy seeds and nuts, to abandon hard meat.

When the process subsides, you can add pureed vegetables with a low fiber content (pumpkin, zucchini, potatoes). With intolerance to dairy products, calcium is obtained by introducing calcined cottage cheese from soy milk and broccoli dishes into the diet. The required amount of protein is calculated based on 1.5-2 g per kilogram of weight. During the day, 200 g of dried wheat bread is allowed.

Below is a sample menu for a few days.

Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Recipes

First meal

Weak beef broth, egg, butter.

Salt the broth, bring to a boil, add butter. Introduce a well-beaten egg through a colander into the broth and mix quickly.

Chicken soup with rice

Chicken meat, rice, water, butter, croutons.

Rice is well boiled and rubbed. The pulp of boiled chicken is also wiped or beaten in a blender. Combine rice broth with pureed meat, add salt and oil, boil everything together.

Main dishes

Beef, rice, salt.

Add boiled and mashed rice to the prepared ground beef, salt and beat. Cut the mass into balls and cook in a double boiler.

Boiled cod with Polish sauce

Cod, for sauce - fish broth, flour, salt, egg.

Cut the fish into portions and boil in salt water. Dry the flour in a frying pan without oil, add fish broth, salt and boil for 3-5 minutes. Add chopped or grated boiled egg. When serving, pour a portion of cod with sauce.

Beverages

Blueberries, sugar, potato starch, water.

Sort the blueberries, wipe and squeeze the juice. Pour the pulp with water, boil for 10 minutes. Strain the finished broth and add sugar, boil and gradually pour in some of the juice with starch. Bring to a boil while stirring and finally add the rest of the juice.

Colitis is a serious bowel disease that causes suffering and inconvenience to all people with this disease. The disease is characterized by inflammation of the mucous membrane on the inner wall of the large intestine. It can occur in acute or chronic form. Properly selected drug treatment can reduce the symptoms of the disease, but only a diet for chronic colitis and other types can help achieve complete recovery.

Causes of colitis and indications for diet

The occurrence of colitis is due to the negative influence of several factors, the main of which are:

• lack of diet;
• abuse of alcoholic products;
• the presence of an intestinal infection;
• congenital pathologies and insufficiency of intestinal properties;
• taking a course of antibiotics and other drugs that disrupt the normal intestinal flora;
• stomach diseases.

A special menu for intestinal inflammation is recommended if the following symptoms occur:

• feeling of sharp or cutting pain in the abdomen;
• diarrhea or constipation;
• bloating or rumbling;
• flatulence;
• nausea;
• an admixture of mucus or blood in the stool;
• dizziness.

The need to follow a diet during the treatment of the disease is shown to all patients with spastic, nonspecific ulcerative colitis and its other types.

Principles of nutrition for colitis

For each of the signs of bowel disease, the attending physician prescribes a specific diet, which also depends on the symptoms and stage of the disease. Medical specialists have developed 4 different dietary diets for the treatment of colitis, based on fractional meals 5 times a day.

Diet #2 recommended for patients with mild exacerbation of chronic colitis. It helps to restore such functions of the intestine as secretory and motor, and also reduces fermentation. Such a diet reduces the intake of coarse fiber, spicy foods, milk and spices. Food is allowed to be consumed after grinding.

Diet #3 necessary for the treatment of chronic colitis with irregular stools. Allowed products include:

1. Tomatoes.
2. Dairy products.
3. Fresh carrots.
4. Wholemeal bread, rye loaf.
5. Prunes and dates.
6. Apricot and fig.
7. Beet.

Diet number 4, as well as 4A is recommended for people with chronic colitis, which manifests itself as loose stools and fermentation. The menu for such patients excludes fresh milk, spices, smoked products, pickles, limits carbohydrates, as well as fats. With increased intestinal fermentation, dietary table 4A is shown, which minimizes carbohydrates and proteins in the diet.

Treatment with diet number 4B is prescribed for patients with chronic colitis in the acute stage in combination with other diseases and inflammations of the gastrointestinal tract. Dishes are allowed to be eaten only boiled or steamed and thoroughly wiped. It is possible to include baked products without a crust in the menu.

Diet for different types of colitis

Nutrition in the treatment of intestinal inflammation provides for fractional and small meals throughout the day. Dishes or products should not be dry or hard. Such a pattern of food consumption eliminates damage to the intestinal walls.

Patients with colitis are forbidden to eat fried foods. The menu should be dominated by mainly protein dishes and products that do not cause irritation of the mucous sections of the digestive tract and eliminate fermentation processes. It is allowed to use small amounts of butter and meat puree. It is allowed to include in the diet some fruits, previously peeled.

It is important to remember that the menu for each patient is developed individually. This is due to the different reaction of the body to food allergens and depends on the symptoms and stage of development of the disease.

Diet for nonspecific and ulcerative colitis

1. Food should be warm, boiled or steamed.
2. The basis of the diet should be proteins (up to 150 grams per day).
3. You need to eat in small portions every 2.5 hours, it is forbidden to overeat.
4. The amount of liquid consumed should be reduced.
5. The diet should contain foods high in calcium and potassium.
6. Reception of dinner should be done no later than 20 hours, preparing a light meal.

Allowed products for non-specific colitis include:

• yesterday's bread;
• soup with meatballs on the second broth;
• fish meals;
• kissels, jelly and compotes from dried fruits;
• baked apples;
• milk porridge diluted with water;
• egg omelet or boiled eggs;
• dairy products;
• cottage cheese;
• low-fat varieties of cheese;
• butter.

An exception to the diet are all foods that provoke bloating and upset stomach. These include:

• carrot;
• cabbage;
• herbs and seasonings;
• radish;
• fruits and sour berries;
• smoked and pickled products;
• beans;
• sausage;
• fresh juices;
• alcohol;
• chocolate;
• coffee.

With ulcerative colitis, you can add walnuts to the diet.

Nutrition for colitis with irregular stools

The diet for colitis with constipation includes foods that can relax the stomach. These include foods high in fat and fiber. It is useful to use syrups, cream, honey, sour milk, kvass, butter, black bread and lard. It is recommended to include vegetable soups, cereal casseroles, dairy products, cereals, compotes in the diet.

Treatment of colitis with the manifestation of such a symptom as constipation allows you to add some vegetables and fruits to food, namely:

1. Tomatoes.
2. Carrot.
3. Pumpkin.
4. Beet.
5. Zucchini.
6. Greens.
7. Prunes.
8. Apples.
9. Raisins, dried apricots and figs;
10. Cauliflower.

Prohibited products include:

1. Any fried food.
2. Mushrooms.
3. Pasta.
4. Spices.
5. Chocolate.
6. Alcoholic drinks, coffee and cocoa.
7. Bread from the highest grades of flour.

Nutrition for colitis with diarrhea

Patients with a symptom such as diarrhea often complain of alternating diarrhea and constipation. A properly selected diet in this case will help to unload the intestines in a timely manner.

With colitis with diarrhea, it is allowed to eat wheat bread, chopped boiled vegetables (zucchini, potatoes, pumpkin), baked without a crust or cooked in a double boiler fish, scrambled eggs. As a dessert, you can include cottage cheese puddings, mousses and compotes, rosehip broth, jelly in the diet, sometimes marshmallows can be allowed.

The list of prohibited items includes:

1. Fresh bread and rye, pastry with yeast and puff pastry.
2. Borscht.
3. Milk soups.
4. Fatty meats.
5. Sausage cheese.
6. Salted and melted cheese.
7. Cakes and ice cream.
8. Strong drinks, coffee.

During the treatment of the disease, it is important to include foods with a high content of vitamin B.

Diet for enterocolitis

The composition of nutrition in enterocolitis depends on the severity of inflammation in the intestine. The absence of increased fermentation and decay allows diet No. 4 to be followed. A similar menu includes strong tea, chopped cottage cheese, yogurt, oatmeal and semolina soups in the diet. You can eat meatballs and rice porridge. With increased fermentation, you should limit the intake of raw vegetables, fruits and raisins. Patients who have reached the stage of remission in the treatment can add a little milk and mild tomato.

Diet for spastic colitis

Spastic colitis requires the obligatory exclusion of sweets. The list of prohibited products includes fatty meats, high-fat cheeses, dairy products, oils, and avocados. Nutrition with a spastic form of colitis is aimed at the intake of a large amount of fiber in the diet. The staples on the menu are vegetables, cereal breads, beans and fruits.

Inflammation in the intestines without pain allows you to add porridge cooked in fish broth and diluted warm juices. These products should not be consumed during exacerbation of symptoms of the disease.

A diet for chronic colitis and its acute form does not relieve the patient of excess weight. Long-term adherence to it allows you to remove the unpleasant symptoms of the disease, creates the necessary conditions for relieving inflammation of the intestine and restores its functions. Specially selected nutrition contributes to the speedy recovery of the patient.

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Diet for chronic colitis

Diet for colitis

General rules

Colitis is an inflammation of the lining of the large intestine. It can be an independent disease or be part of a symptom complex when the small intestine (enterocolitis) and stomach (gastroenterocolitis) are additionally involved in the inflammatory process.

According to the course of the disease, there are:

If acute develops as a result of eating food contaminated with microorganisms, then with pseudomembranous, which also proceeds acutely, the cause is medication (in particular, cephalosporin antibiotics, Clindamycin, Tetracycline and Erythromycin).

At the initial stage of acute colitis, there is a general malaise, nausea, loss of appetite, abdominal pain and diarrhea. Pain is more often localized in the iliac regions. The stools are frequent, offensive, and are at first of a fecal character, and then become scanty with mucus and blood. In the first days of the disease, bed rest and diet should be observed in addition to drug treatment. Acute colitis does not cause gross morphological changes in the intestinal mucosa.

Chronic colitis is accompanied by inflammatory-dystrophic changes in the intestine and there is always a violation of its functions.

The causes of the chronic form of the disease are:

• transferred intestinal infections;
• uncontrolled intake of medicines;
• permanent endogenous intoxication;
• alcohol abuse;
• malnutrition (eating spicy and rough, poorly digestible foods, monotonous, protein or carbohydrate nutrition).

The main symptoms of chronic colitis are the alternation of constipation with diarrhea or mushy stools, accompanied by pain, which is aggravated by the act of defecation. The pains are aching or spastic in nature and are localized in the lower and lateral parts of the abdomen. Occurs most often 7 hours after eating, their decrease after the discharge of gases is characteristic. Many patients are concerned about nausea, bloating and belching.

In case of indigestion, starch grains, neutral fat, and undigested muscle fibers are found in the feces. With a long course, chronic colitis is characterized by the progression of intestinal digestion disorders, which is accompanied by weight loss, the development of atrophy of fatty tissue and skeletal muscles, and an increase in protein and vitamin deficiency.

Treatment of the disease should be complex, including anti-inflammatory drugs (Sulfasalazine, Mesalazine), enveloping and astringent drugs (for diarrhea), physiotherapy (electrophoresis, diathermy, ozokerite, radon baths). Medical nutrition is essential.

With symptoms of colitis at different stages and with violations of bowel function, treatment with a diet is prescribed differentially.

So, in acute colitis and exacerbation of chronic, occurring with diarrhea, Diet No. 4 is recommended. It provides for the exclusion of products that cause increased intestinal motility (vegetables, bran, fiber) and stimulate the secretion of the pancreas, stomach and bile secretion. Also excluded are all products that cause fermentation and decay.

If constipation predominates in colitis, Table No. 3, enriched with fiber (bread with bran, vegetables, vinaigrettes, vegetable juices), is prescribed.

Diet No. 2 is indicated for chronic colitis (without exacerbation) and concomitant chronic gastritis with reduced secretion, therefore it includes dishes and foods that stimulate secretion (sour-milk drinks, broths, juices, berries, vegetables and fried dishes without a rough crust).

Diet No. 4 for colitis with diarrhea provides sparing of the intestines, reduces inflammation and normalizes digestion, because it limits all kinds of irritants (mechanical, chemical and thermal).

Basic Rules:

• six meals a day, the basis of which is mashed, slimy soups, puree-like, mushy, semi-liquid dishes;
• reduction in the amount of fat (up to 70 g) and carbohydrates (250 g);
• physiological protein content (90 g);
• the exclusion of foods containing fiber (vegetables, fruits, rye bread, whole grain bread and bran);
• exclusion of very hot as well as cold food;
• boiled (steam) method of preparation;
• a ban on solid and thick food;
• implementation of the water regime (1.5-2 l);
• salt in the amount of 8-10 g.

diet for ulcerative colitis

Nonspecific ulcerative colitis is an inflammation of the large intestine with ulcerative mucosal lesions, necrosis, and hemorrhages. Most often, the process is localized in the rectum and colon, and in severe lesions, all parts of the colon are involved. The causes of the disease have not been established. It is assumed that immunological disorders and hereditary predisposition are the basis, and the presence of infection is a predisposing factor.

With nonspecific ulcerative colitis, the patient is disturbed by diarrhea mixed with blood or pus. The frequency of bowel movements reaches 20 times a day or more (in severe cases). Often there is blood in the feces and blood loss of 100-300 ml is possible per day. NUC is characterized by severe pain of a cramping nature, aggravated after eating.

In severe cases, an intoxication syndrome is noted with weakness, fever, decreased appetite, and systemic manifestations (polyarthritis, eye and liver damage) are also characteristic. In the chronic form of the course, a dystrophic syndrome develops (dry skin, weight loss, hypovitaminosis).

With this disease, complete restoration of the mucosa and normalization of digestion and absorption do not occur for a long time. And only strict adherence to dietary nutrition, and taking medications create the conditions for achieving remission. In this case, Table No. 4 and its varieties are assigned, depending on the stage of the process.

Rice porridge with fruits

During an exacerbation, the diet includes liquid and pureed cereals (rice, semolina) on water (milk and broths are excluded). Buckwheat porridge enhances motor skills, so it is not recommended during exacerbation. It is convenient to use cereals for baby food, but they need to be diluted by half with water.

Dishes from lean meat and fish are included (in the form of boiled minced meat, dumplings, steam cutlets, pates). Protein omelets from eggs are useful (no more than two per day). During an exacerbation in the diet, you need to increase the amount of protein to 120-125 g.

From drinks you can herbal decoctions, compotes and kissels, chokeberry juice. Baked apples and pears are allowed. Particular attention should be paid to products that reduce intestinal motility - decoctions and jelly from bird cherry, blueberries, quince, dogwood, pears, strong black and green tea. During the period of exacerbation, some patients do not tolerate even boiled vegetables, so it is better to exclude them. The use of milk, dairy products, sour cream, cheeses and cottage cheese is also not recommended.

Within a month after the exacerbation, it is necessary to strictly adhere to the diet, subsequently a transition to Table 4B and 4B and a general table with the restriction of certain products for health reasons are recommended. After an exacerbation, foods that promote hematopoiesis, red and black caviar, walnuts are introduced into the diet, meat broths are gradually connected. During the period of persistent remission, the use of vegetables (broccoli, cauliflower, carrots, zucchini, onions) is allowed.

Varieties

Varieties are Diets 4A, 4B, 4C, which differ in the set of products and indications for the appointment.

So, Table 4A is recommended for colitis with a predominance of fermentation processes, therefore carbohydrates are strictly limited in the diet (sugar up to 20 g, cereals, bread up to 100 g). Diet No. 4A for chronic colitis provides for an increase in protein intake due to cottage cheese and meat dishes. Otherwise, it is not much different from the main diet and includes: one soft-boiled egg daily, mucous soups, mashed rice and semolina porridge, boiled meat and fish, low-fat kefir, a decoction of blueberries and black currants, jelly and jelly from these berries.

Table 4B is prescribed for chronic colitis during the period of improvement (the stage of fading exacerbation) or with an unexpressed exacerbation. The diet is characterized by a large amount of proteins (100-110 g), an increase in fats (up to 100 g) and carbohydrates (up to 400-420 g). The diet remains the same as with the main diet, but the list of allowed foods has been significantly expanded by including vermicelli, potatoes, noodles, carrots, cauliflower, zucchini, cream, sour cream, kefir, and sweet berries in the diet.

Table 4B is indicated during the period of recovery from acute colitis and the transition to normal nutrition. It is also prescribed for chronic bowel diseases without exacerbation or during the period of attenuation of exacerbation. The chemical composition is the same as that of the previous table, but vegetable fats are already included and the list of products is expanding: pies, cabbage, lean buns, green peas, doctor's sausage, dairy, ham, beets, oranges, grapes, watermelon, raspberries, tangerines, strawberries, the amount of butter has been increased to 15 g.

Indications

The diet is indicated for diarrhea that occurs when:

• acute colitis;
• enterocolitis;
• severe exacerbation of chronic colitis.

Approved Products

The diet is based on mashed cereals: semolina, rice (white), buckwheat and oatmeal, which are cooked in water, you can also use low-fat broth. All dishes are boiled or stewed. Butter is added to dishes (5 g per serving). Bread is allowed wheat and only dried or in the form of crackers. You can eat 200 g of crackers per day. Dry cookies are allowed.

Soups are prepared in water or low-fat and weak fish / meat broth, add a minimum of mashed vegetables (or vegetable broth), mashed meat, egg flakes, dumplings or meatballs. The use of low-fat varieties of beef, chicken, veal or turkey is recommended. The meat is additionally defatted, the poultry is cooked without skin. Steam cutlets, or meatballs, are prepared from minced meat.

Cutlets can also be stewed in a small amount of water. When preparing cutlets or meatballs, boiled rice is added to minced meat. They use low-fat sea fish, cook it in a piece or in the form of cutlets and meatballs. Allowed eggs (soft-boiled, steam omelet) up to two per day, they can be added to soups.

Cottage cheese can only be freshly prepared calcined, fresh (non-acidic) and mashed. It is also used in casseroles. Vegetables go only as an additive to soups. Pureed raw apples and applesauce are allowed. Berry jelly, decoctions and fruit drinks are prepared from blueberries, dogwood, quince, bird cherry, black currant, blueberry pears. Allowed: herbal tea, rosehip decoction, green and black tea, still water up to 1.5 liters per day. With good tolerance, diluted fresh juices from non-acidic berries are allowed.

Table of allowed products

In clinical nutrition, foods containing fiber are completely excluded: vegetables (even boiled), bran, rye and whole grains, bread with the addition of seeds, since they injure the mucous membrane and are almost not digested.

Fresh bread, pastries, flour products cause fermentation in the intestines, so they are completely excluded from the diet. For the same reason, jam, dried fruits, honey and other sweets are prohibited, and sugar is allowed in the amount of 50 g per day, taking into account its addition to dishes.

Rich fatty broths are prohibited, as they increase peristalsis, fatty meats, any sausages, fatty fish and canned food (meat, fish). During the period of exacerbation, cereals from coarse barley, millet, pearl barley and poorly digested legumes and pasta are excluded. Soups with whole grains, vegetables, pasta, and milk soups are not allowed. Do not eat hard boiled and fried eggs.

Whole milk, cream and sour cream can cause diarrhea, so they are excluded. Milk is used diluted in the preparation of puddings. Kvass, cocoa and coffee with milk increase intestinal motility, and drinks with gas additionally cause bloating.

Table of prohibited products

* data are per 100 g of product

It is necessary to organize 6 meals a day and so that the food menu for the week includes alternating a variety of protein dishes (chicken, fish, beef, cottage cheese) and cereals. Egg dishes can be included daily.

It must be remembered that with ulcerative colitis, the diet must be followed for a long time and very carefully introduce new foods. It is advisable to permanently exclude mushrooms, corn, legumes, seeds, poppy seeds and nuts, to abandon hard meat.

When the process subsides, you can add pureed vegetables with a low fiber content (pumpkin, zucchini, potatoes). With intolerance to dairy products, calcium is obtained by introducing calcined cottage cheese from soy milk and broccoli dishes into the diet. The required amount of protein is calculated based on 1.5-2 g per kilogram of weight. During the day, 200 g of dried wheat bread is allowed.

Below is a sample menu for a few days.

Monday

Tuesday

Wednesday

Recipes

First meal

Meat broth with egg flakes

Weak beef broth, egg, butter.

Salt the broth, bring to a boil, add butter. Introduce a well-beaten egg through a colander into the broth and mix quickly.

Chicken soup with rice

Chicken meat, rice, water, butter, croutons.

Rice is well boiled and rubbed. The pulp of boiled chicken is also wiped or beaten in a blender. Combine rice broth with pureed meat, add salt and oil, boil everything together.

Main dishes

Meatballs with rice

Beef, rice, salt.

Add boiled and mashed rice to the prepared ground beef, salt and beat. Cut the mass into balls and cook in a double boiler.

Boiled cod with Polish sauce

Cod, for sauce - fish broth, flour, salt, egg.

Cut the fish into portions and boil in salt water. Dry the flour in a frying pan without oil, add fish broth, salt and boil for 3-5 minutes. Add chopped or grated boiled egg. When serving, pour a portion of cod with sauce.

Beverages

Blueberry kissel

Blueberries, sugar, potato starch, water.

Sort the blueberries, wipe and squeeze the juice. Pour the pulp with water, boil for 10 minutes. Strain the finished broth and add sugar, boil and gradually pour in some of the juice with starch. Bring to a boil while stirring and finally add the rest of the juice.

Pros and cons

Reviews and results

Analyzing the feedback from patients, we can conclude that this therapeutic diet has a positive effect on the gastrointestinal tract: pain decreases, stool frequency decreases, bloating and rumbling in the intestines are eliminated. Most often, there are reviews of patients with nonspecific ulcerative colitis, who are forced to constantly follow a very strictly diet and expand it slightly, if the state of health allows.

Here are some reviews:

• “... I have UC. For me, this is a way out, so I eat like this for several months. I cook everything in a slow cooker, and have already adapted to making many dishes. During this time, the stool almost returned to normal, blood and mucus had long since disappeared. When the condition improves, I slightly increase the amount of sugar and vegetable oil, add mashed boiled vegetables”;
• “... In chronic colitis during exacerbation, I adhere to such a diet. True, I do not last long - for three or four weeks, but even during this time I restore the intestines: there are no pains and swelling, heartburn disappears. At this time, the whole family eats steam and stews, but they quickly get bored”;
• “... I prepared steam dishes for a child with an intestinal disorder. She gave decoctions of blueberries and dried pears. I drank jelly with pleasure, and ate crackers. The main thing is to eat little and often so that there is no deterioration. Two days later, the stool returned to normal, the mucus disappeared.

Diet price

The basis of therapeutic nutrition is cereals and meat products, among which you can choose inexpensive fish, chicken meat and, in general, nutrition will not be expensive. The total cost of a weekly meal is 1200-1300 rubles.

NOTE! Information about diets on the site is a general reference, collected from publicly available sources and cannot serve as a basis for making a decision on their use. Before using the diet, be sure to consult a dietitian.

medicalmed.ru

The basis of the treatment of intestinal colitis is diet! Nutrition for intestinal colitis: a list of products and a sample menu for 7 days

Intestinal colitis is a disease that causes a lot of inconvenience and discomfort.

It manifests itself as an inflammatory process that occurs in the intestine and affects the mucous membrane.

Doctors divide this disease into two forms, acute and chronic. Colitis is treated comprehensively with the use of medications and special nutrition.

A diet for intestinal colitis is prescribed by a doctor and contributes to a quick recovery.

When is it necessary to switch to special nutrition?

The diet is prescribed when a person is diagnosed with intestinal colitis. It can be determined independently and consult a doctor to clarify the disease and undergo the necessary examinations and tests.

Colitis can be recognized by the following symptoms:

Frequent rumbling in the abdomen;

Painful sensations;

Increased gas formation;

Violation of the stool;

Feeling weak and tired;

In rare cases, a slight increase in body temperature is possible.

Attacks with colitis occur abruptly and can last from three to ten days. When it appears, the person feels severe pain in the abdomen. In this case, you need to consult a doctor. He will prescribe the necessary treatment and write out a diet that suits you.

Basic principles of dietary nutrition

There are two types of diet. They depend on the form of the disease. If the forms alternate periodically, then the food will also change.

A diet for intestinal colitis excludes the use of foods that can provoke fermentation and putrefactive processes during digestion. The consumption of calories is also limited, a day should be no more than 2000 kcal.

Diet for acute colitis

When the disease worsens, only a limited number of foods can be eaten. In the first days, the patient is undesirable to eat and only liquid can be consumed. This helps to cleanse the intestines. Then the doctor gradually begins to introduce light products.

These include:

boiled eggs;

Vegetable soups with the addition of lean meat;

Low-fat fish;

Compotes from berries and fruits;

Weak tea.

Dishes can be prepared from boiled, stewed and steamed foods. You can not use seasonings and spices.

The duration of the diet will be prescribed by the doctor.

Diet for chronic colitis

In chronic colitis, you can use all the products from the permitted list. You can add low-fat lightly salted fish, oranges, tangerines and grapefruits to them. More often use low-fat milk and kefir, compotes from berries, fruits and fruits, as well as natural juices.

Food should be varied. You need to eat at least five times a day. Products can be boiled, baked and stewed.

Products allowed

The disease is always accompanied by problems with the stool. Nutrition depends on what kind of stool the patient has. For constipation or diarrhea, different products are used that contribute to the speedy normalization.

For constipation, the following are allowed:

Soup made without meat using vegetables;

Broth cooked on lean meat without oil;

Lean meat, boiled or steamed;

Soups from low-fat fish (sea, river);

Low-fat fish, baked in the oven without oil or boiled;

Pearl barley;

fresh carrots;

fresh tomato;

fresh leaf lettuce;

Boiled beets;

Steamed and boiled pumpkin;

Boiled zucchini;

boiled cauliflower;

Beans and peas boiled;

boiled sorrel;

Fresh or baked apples;

Dried fruits (prunes, raisins, figs, dried apricots);

Dairy drinks and milk;

Oil (vegetable, butter);

Fresh and dried greens (dill, parsley, bay leaf);

Celery;

Sugar and its substitutes;

jam and honey;

Wheat and rye bread;

Cookie;

Pies with dried fruits, meat, berries and cottage cheese.

With diarrhea, you can use the following products:

Soup cooked in broth from lean meats;

rice water;

Soup made from fruits;

Boiled beef or veal;

Chicken breast or chicken, steamed or boiled;

Low-fat boiled fish;

Pasta or vermicelli cooked in broth without fat;

Fresh cottage cheese;

Butter (no more than 50 grams);

Crackers, from white varieties of bread, soaked in water;

Boiled egg, (no more than 1 per day).

These products must be consumed with intestinal colitis. When the stool normalizes, it is necessary to follow a diet for several days, and then you can expand the diet with products that the doctor will allow.

Products prohibited

The diet for intestinal colitis should be followed without deviations. During such a diet, it is forbidden to eat certain foods. They can provoke a deterioration in the condition and cause complications.

With constipation, the following products are prohibited:

Strong and fatty broths;

Soup made with vermicelli or other pasta;

Soups and broths prepared with the addition of mushrooms;

Meat and fish fried;

Lamb, pork or fatty beef in any form;

Pasta;

Mushrooms in any form;

Wheat bread from the highest grade of flour;

Hot sauces and spices;

Mustard;

Red and black pepper;

Radish green and white;

The tea is strong;

Chocolate.

With diarrhea, the following products are prohibited:

Soup made from peas;

Soup made with beans and other legumes;

Side dishes of peas, beans or beans;

spicy foods;

Sweets (chocolate, caramel);

marmalade;

Cakes (any);

Cakes (any);

Sugar (more than 45 grams in 24 hours).

A diet for intestinal colitis does not involve the use of fatty, fried and smoked foods, as well as salty and spicy foods. Their use in the disease negatively affects its course.

Sample menu for 7 days

A diet for intestinal colitis should consist only of permitted foods. Meals should be frequent (about 6 times a day), but small. Dishes should not be hot or cold. Boiled, mashed foods are best for eating.

For breakfast: cabbage salad (colored) with the addition of walnuts (mashed), buckwheat. It can be seasoned with butter (natural). A decoction of berries.

Snack: You can eat a pureed apple.

For lunch: Lean beef, boiled with carrots and vegetable broth. Fruit compote without sugar.

Snack: Dried fruits soaked in water and ground to a puree.

For dinner: Lean fish, boiled and chopped.

For breakfast: Boiled vegetables and fresh cottage cheese casserole with sugar-free berry compote.

Snack: Baked pear sprinkled with powdered (sugar).

For lunch: Soup with the addition of pearl barley and cabbage rolls, boiled rice wrapped in steamed white cabbage leaves.

Snack: Carrot salad (fresh) dressed with freshly squeezed lemon juice.

For dinner: Boiled low-fat fish with rosehip broth.

For breakfast: Boiled beef salad with cucumbers (fresh). Fried eggs from one egg with a decoction of dried fruits.

Snack: Vegetable salad (fresh).

For lunch: Cabbage soup with boiled lean beef and tomatoes. Rosehip decoction.

Snack: Dried fruits soaked in water without prunes.

For dinner: Steamed chicken cutlets with stewed mixed vegetables. Weak tea.

For breakfast: Salad of tomatoes and cucumbers (fresh) with the addition of onions without dressing. Rice porridge boiled in water.

Snack: Fresh pureed pear.

Lunch: Vegetable broth, steamed lean meat patties and mashed cauliflower.

Snack: Fresh, low-fat cottage cheese.

For dinner: Fruits (apples or pears).

For breakfast: Lean fish cutlets steamed with mixed vegetable salad. Berry compote without added sugar.

Snack: Lean cookies with weak tea.

For lunch: Soup with vegetables and chicken breast.

Snack: Dried fruits soaked in water.

For dinner: Cottage cheese casserole with raisins.

For breakfast: Boiled oatmeal with steamed lean fish cutlets. Rosehip decoction.

Snack: Chopped, fresh apple or pear.

For lunch: Lean boiled beef with combined vegetables. Fresh cottage cheese casserole and one glass of fat-free kefir.

Snack: Fresh apple salad dressed with lemon juice.

For dinner: Steamed chicken cutlets with low-fat kefir.

For breakfast: Low-fat fish, chopped and seasoned with lemon juice, mashed potatoes and weak tea.

Snack: Fresh apple salad.

For lunch: Cabbage soup in a weak meat broth, cottage cheese casserole with berries.

Snack: Combined boiled vegetables.

For dinner: Cutlets or meatballs cooked from beef on the water with baked vegetables and tea (weak).

Two hours before bedtime, it is allowed to drink one glass of kefir with a fat content of no more than 2.0% or weak, sweetened tea. Dishes can only be prepared from permitted products using cooking, stewing or baking methods.

Colitis of the intestine gives a person a lot of discomfort and discomfort. This disease must be treated under the supervision of a doctor and follow all his recommendations. A diet for intestinal colitis will help you recover faster and subsequently avoid a recurrence of the disease.

zhenskoe-opinion.ru

Diet for chronic colitis

Diet for intestinal colitis (chronic) is an essential element of complex therapy. Without optimizing the regimen and diet, no drug will be able to provide real help in the battle against this scourge. Nutrition should be optimal with sufficient energy value, but at the same time not contain components that provoke exacerbation. The choice of a dietary table is best left to a specialist, because. self-treatment is unlikely to bring the desired results.

Problem Features

At its core, intestinal colitis is a gastroenterological pathology that manifests itself in the form of an inflammatory reaction, most often in the large intestine. In some cases, the process can develop in the small intestine. It is generally accepted that the mechanism of the disease is associated with an imbalance in the intestinal microflora, in which the number of pathogenic microorganisms increases, which causes a response of the immune system, which develops into an inflammatory process.

The chronic form of colitis expresses disorders in the intestinal mucosa of an inflammatory-dystrophic nature, leading to dysfunctions of the large intestine. Chronic colitis can be a continuation of an untreated acute form of the disease or an independent pathology. In the latter case, malnutrition plays a decisive role. In general, this type of disease is caused by a periodic change in the phases of exacerbation and calm, while the acute period can occur up to 5-6 times a year.

The treatment regimen for the disease and, accordingly, the choice of a dietary table depends on the type of developing colitis. There are such varieties of pathology - ulcerative (mild, moderate and severe); spastic (does not have a severe stage); catarrhal (estimated as the initial stage of the disease); atrophic; erosive and diffuse (the most severe form) colitis.

Any type of disease is associated with dysbacteriosis, accompanied by fermentation and the process of putrefaction. The main signs of colitis are pain in the abdomen, flatulence, stool disorders. The last symptom in the form of alternating intense diarrhea and severe constipation is most pronounced in the chronic course of the pathology. Nutrition largely determines the appearance of exacerbation phases and problems with defecation.

Principled approach to nutrition

The organization of rational nutrition in a chronic variety of the disease depends on its phase, type of lesion, severity of manifestation and individual characteristics. First of all, nutrition depends on the phase of the disease. During the period of remission, it should have sufficient calories, but not exacerbate. At this time, certain restrictions are set on the use of certain products, but in general, wholesome food is provided. The fact is that with colitis the process of absorption of substances is not disturbed, which means that excessive restrictions can only damage the body.

In the acute phase, nutrition is based on a more rigid diet. Usually table number 4 and its varieties are recommended, depending on the presence of intestinal dysfunctions.

The mode of eating and diet for colitis is based on certain fundamental approaches. It is necessary to eat often (more than 5 times a day), but in small fractional doses. In general, during the period of calm, the diet should fully provide all the energy costs of a person, while salt intake is reduced. The qualitative composition of the daily diet looks approximately like this - the protein component and fats - 110-125 g each; carbohydrates - 450-550 g. Among the mandatory ingredients are vitamins A, B1, B2, C and PP, as well as trace elements - calcium, iron, phosphorus.

The main requirements for organizing dinners are that food should not cause irritating reactions on the intestinal mucosa and nerve digestive receptors; increase intestinal motility; provoke fermentation and putrefactive effects. For this, cooking methods such as boiling, stewing, baking and steaming are used. It is advisable to use crushed products. It must be remembered that excessively hard products bring harm.

Fiber plays an important role in the diet. It has been established that insoluble fiber is harmful. It appears in products such as pasta and whole grains, cereals, sweet corn, white cabbage, grape and apple skins. These products can cause exacerbation attacks. At the same time, soluble fiber is necessary for the body (especially with ulcerative varieties of pathology and constipation). It can be found in vegetables and fruits - carrots, potatoes, peeled apples, rice cereals, oat products.

In the chronic form of the disease, there are a number of specific approaches to nutrition. In particular, it is highly recommended to include fish oil products and oily marine fish in the menu. In the absence of such products, fish oil should be consumed in pharmacy packaging. Care must be taken when using milk and milk products. With some varieties of colitis, dairy products fall into the prohibited list, and in other cases it is allowed, but with certain restrictions.

The specifics of food for constipation

A characteristic violation of the stool in colitis is constipation. During this period, a specific diet option is needed. It should provide a reduced tone of the colon, which is achieved by the use of products enriched with vegetable fiber. A positive result is achieved by the inclusion in their composition of ingredients such as lignin, pectin, cellulose.

Bread products made from low-grade flour and containing cereal bran, as well as black bread, have laxative abilities. Raw vegetables and fruits are capable of normalizing intestinal peristalsis, and special attention should be paid to beets, carrots, pumpkin, lettuce, zucchini, Jerusalem artichoke. Bananas, figs, prunes, citrus fruits, nuts are very useful. Some of the best natural laxatives are viburnum berries, blackberries, black currants, as well as dried apricots and dates.

A number of products are simply necessary in the diet menu for constipation, but individual tolerance must be taken into account. These include honey, fruit juices, lemonade and kvass drinks, garden greens (dill, parsley, celery), cinnamon, and herring. A positive effect reveals carrot-beet juice. It can be drunk in the morning and in the evening, 60-75 ml. If the period of constipation lasts long enough, then such dietary measures can be recommended - in the morning (on an empty stomach) it is useful to drink 200 ml of plain water with the addition of lemon and a teaspoon of sugar; eat beetroot salad flavored with dill, parsley and sunflower oil. You should try the cabbage-carrot mixture with sour cream.

Features of the antidiarrheal diet

Diarrhea, as a symptom of colitis, is largely caused by food intake. Dietary specificity is based on dishes from boiled and steamed products. Limited consumption of meat, fish and vegetable casseroles is allowed. Soups will have to be prepared using lean meats and fish, while cereals should be well boiled. You can eat crackers and dried cookies. Instead of cereal dishes, potatoes, zucchini, pumpkin, cauliflower are better suited. From meat products, preference is given to chicken, rabbit, veal, turkey.

Among the culinary technologies, steam-processed cutlets and meatballs, soufflés, long-cooked meat and fish, sparse mashed potatoes, and puddings are noted. Diet cereals will have to be cooked in water, followed by flavoring with oil (4-7 g per dose). Eggs are boiled soft-boiled or baked in the form of an omelet. Feel free to include low-fat freshly cooked cottage cheese and dumplings in the menu; fruit and berry kissels; marmalade products; marshmallow. Rosehip broth, apple and pear casseroles will bring undoubted benefits.

In case of violations in the form of diarrhea, fresh bread of any composition is removed from the diet; muffins; milk soups and cereals; beans; cabbage soup and pickle; smoked meats; preservatives; goose and duck; cabbage; onion; radish; garlic; plums. You should not drink kvass and drinks with gas. The duration of the antidiarrheal diet is usually set on the order of 30-35 days.

The specifics of food in the acute period

The period of calm in the chronic course is replaced by an acute phase, which is provoked by a number of factors, incl. and wrong food. In the acute phase, nutrition is based on table number 4, which has certain prohibitions in cooking.

The diet should contain dishes of a liquid consistency, in a liquefied, mashed state, boiled in water or steamed. It is allowed to consume bread made from high-quality white flour, but in small doses. Soups are cooked on the most low-fat broth, which is supplemented with cereal broth, ground boiled meat, egg powder, steam meatballs. Meat is used only low-fat varieties with the removal of tendons. It is recommended to eat minced meat with boiled rice, which can replace bread.

Fish products are used only low-fat species (cutlets and meatballs). Most dairy products are best removed from the diet. The consumption of unleavened cottage cheese and steam soufflé is allowed. Any cereals (oatmeal, rice, buckwheat) can only be cooked on a water basis. Cold snacks should be temporarily excluded from the menu, and vegetables should be consumed only in the form of decoctions. From desserts, jelly, mashed fruits, honey, jam, dried fruits are allowed. It is recommended to drink food with green tea or cocoa without the use of milk (including condensed milk).

If colitis is associated with an intense fermentation process, then a more strict diet No. 4a is prescribed. The energy of the daily diet should be approximately 1550-1700 kcal. At the same time, such high-quality consumption is established - fats - up to 105 g, proteins - about 125 g, carbohydrates - 210 g. All products should be easily digestible and not cause gas formation in the intestines. It is recommended to include in the menu - fat-free cottage cheese, meat and fish soufflé, scrambled eggs or soft-boiled eggs, bird cherry compote, rice and buckwheat broth, meat and fish fat-free broths, weakly brewed tea.

Possible contraindications

When ensuring optimal nutrition, it is especially important to prevent foods that lead to acute manifestations from entering the intestines. With this in mind, the following prohibition list has been drawn up:

1. Meat products - varieties with high fat content, goose and duck.
2. Special preparations - smoking, preservatives, salted and dried products.
3. Soup dishes - rich broths, cabbage soup, pickle, mushroom, pea, bean, lentil soups.
4. Dairy products - whole milk, products with high fat content or acidity, spicy varieties of products.
5. Animal fats.
6. Vegetable products - turnips, cucumbers, radishes, onions, garlic, swede, sorrel, spinach. Bean cultures.
7. Fruit fruits - plums, apricots, fruit and berry peels.
8. Dishes with hot spices and sauces, using horseradish, mustard, hot peppers. High fat sauces.
9. Bakery products - fresh bread from any flour, rich products.

Colitis in a chronic form during the period of remission practically does not bother a sick person, which means it is important to prevent its exacerbation. Using the correct dietary diet can solve this problem, and significantly reduce the frequency of acute relapses of the disease.

medistoriya.ru

Diet for chronic colitis | What can you eat with chronic colitis

To treat a chronic type of disease, you must follow a special diet. Let's talk about what should be the diet for chronic colitis. What you can eat with this disease, read further in the article.

Diet guidelines for chronic colitis

Patients with chronic colitis are offered low-fat varieties of beef, veal, rabbit meat without tendons. Meat can be stewed, boiled in water and steamed, baked (chopped or in pieces). Also in the diet for chronic colitis, turkey, chicken (without skin) are recommended in the form of boiled meat, goulash, meatballs, meatballs, meatballs, dumplings, rolls, etc. Sausages and boiled tongue are not excluded from the diet. Of the fish varieties, cod, pike perch, perch, navaga, hake, ice, pike, carp, etc. are suitable for the diet. Fish can be eaten in the form of cutlets, soufflés, meatballs, dumplings or a piece. It can be boiled, steam, jellied.

For soups, choose weak fat-free broths (meat, meat and bone, fish). After cooking, fat is removed from their surface, filtered, diluted with water in a ratio of 2: 1 and brought to a boil. Broths are seasoned with cereals (with the exception of millet) and vegetables: potatoes, carrots, cauliflower, zucchini, pumpkin. Vermicelli and noodles are also used for dressing in a diet for chronic colitis. Meatballs, dumplings are added to soups.

The diet includes various crumbly cereals (except for millet and pearl barley). They are cooked on water with the addition of a third of milk or 10% cream.

Whole milk in the diet for chronic colitis is indicated only if it is well tolerated and is required in meals. From dairy products, you can eat with chronic colitis ryazhenka, kefir, acidophilus, as well as fresh cottage cheese and curd mass, cheesecakes, steam or baked puddings, mild cheese. Sour cream can be used as a seasoning for dishes. Butter in the diet for chronic colitis - in a sandwich and in dishes no more than 6-15 g per meal.

You can eat 1-2 eggs per day, steam omelet.

The diet includes fruits (raw and baked). These are apples, pears (without skin), oranges and tangerines. From berries - strawberries, strawberries, raspberries, grapes (without peel). Good fruit and berry juices (apple, tangerine, raspberry, strawberry, tomato), rosehip broth.

Diet for chronic colitis. From drinks for the diet, weak tea, coffee, cocoa were selected. Before going to bed, a glass of kefir is relevant.

Bakery products are presented in the diet for chronic colitis with wheat bread (yesterday's pastries or dried), unflavored biscuits, crackers. In limited quantities, you can eat pies with cottage cheese, apples, jam, jam, eggs, meat.

Dietary guidelines for chronic colitis

Contributes to the provision of good nutrition with the existing insufficiency of bowel function diet for chronic colitis. According to the content of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, it belongs to the full-fledged (but with the restriction of table salt to the lower limits of the norm). Proteins - 100-120 g, fats - 100-120 g, carbohydrates - 400-500 g. Vitamins A, B 1, B 2, C and PP are recommended, calcium, phosphorus, and iron are needed from minerals.

There are no foods and dishes in the diet that can irritate the mucous membrane and the neuro-receptor apparatus of the digestive organs, enhance motor function, fermentation and putrefaction processes in the intestines.

Foods in the chronic colitis diet should be boiled, steamed, plain fried, stewed, or baked from whole foods. Feed fractional, at least 4-5 times a day.

To determine the optimal diet of products, it is necessary to establish the cause of the disease. According to many experts, a too strict dietary regimen is harmful, as this can lead to depletion and the occurrence of hypovitaminosis. During the period of exacerbation of the symptoms of intestinal colitis, it is especially important to exclude foods that can cause chemical and mechanical irritation of the intestine.

Sample menu for chronic colitis

• 1st breakfast: rice porridge with milk, protein omelet, tea with milk, crackers.
• 2nd breakfast: low-fat cheese, crackers, tea.
• Lunch in a diet for chronic colitis: noodles in chicken broth, boiled meat with carrot puree, apple compote.
• Afternoon snack: rosehip broth.
• Dinner in a diet for chronic colitis: boiled chicken meat with potato cutlets, blueberry juice.
• At night: a glass of yogurt, crackers.

What can not be eaten with chronic colitis?

Forbidden:

fatty meats, goose, duck.

Smoked sausages, canned food; fatty salted and smoked fish.

Strong fatty broths, borscht, pickles, cabbage soup, soups from legumes and mushrooms, as well as dairy ones, should not be eaten with chronic colitis.

Fried and hard boiled eggs.

Fatty dairy products with high acidity, spicy cheeses.

Refractory fats: lamb, beef, pork and culinary can not be eaten with chronic colitis.

From vegetables - rutabagas, turnips, cucumbers, sorrel, spinach, radishes, radishes, onions, garlic, mushrooms, legumes.

From fruits - apricots, plums, dates, figs, berries with a rough skin. From juices - apricot, plum and grape.

Pepper, horseradish, upper room, fatty and spicy sauces.

Rye and fresh wheat bread, pastry and puff pastry products should not be eaten with chronic colitis.

It is also necessary to limit the consumption of coarse fiber, whole milk, spicy foods, snacks and spices.

What can you eat at the stage of exacerbation in chronic colitis?

If there is an exacerbation of the disease, then a person should eat up to six times a day in small portions. It is best to eat food in a grated form.

You can not eat with chronic colitis of the intestine smoked, salinity and conservation.

Alcohol is excluded from the diet for chronic colitis.

White crackers are welcome for any type of intestinal colitis.

Meat and fish dishes are best steamed, choosing low-fat foods.

You can not eat with chronic intestinal colitis foods that lead to increased gas formation (beans, peas, cabbage).

You can eat sour-milk products, boiled vegetables in a diet for chronic colitis.

In case of constipation, it is necessary to increase the amount of vegetables in the diet, salads, fruits. You should try to drink more liquid (up to two liters a day).

www.astromeridian.ru

What does Rh factor negative mean?

Colitis is an extremely unpleasant inflammatory bowel disease, which is characterized by frequent urination and severe pain in the lower abdomen during them. In the feces of the patient, there may be particles of food that have not been digested in the digestive tract. Alas, this pathology can end very, very badly.

Where to begin?

Disappointing statistics say that chronic colitis becomes the cause of colorectal in about 25-30% of all cases. Diet for intestinal colitis is the basis of its adequate therapy. However, it should be emphasized that only a gastroenterologist should prescribe it, taking into account all indications, contraindications and individual characteristics of the patient.

The basics of nutrition for intestinal colitis are the same as for any dietary treatment table. The rules of diet therapy always imply the rejection of any products that provoke the progression of the disease, as well as the enrichment of the diet with food that can regulate the digestive processes.

In general, the diet in this case does not imply anything complicated, and even includes sufficiently high-calorie foods enriched with protein and coarse fibers (fiber).

At the same time, fats, especially animals, as well as sugar and empty carbohydrates, are sharply limited. If you have any bowel problems associated with constipation, you will also benefit from such a healthy diet.

Entry into the diet for colitis

In order to restore normal bowel function and normalize its motility, you will have to follow some nutritional rules for a certain time, until the painful symptoms of colitis stop, and the inflammation itself completely subsides. The first thing you should prepare for is the global "cleansing" event. It includes a two-day abstinence from any food (liquid - inclusive), as well as enemas. Two days you should drink enough water (at least 1.5-2 liters per day). You can also drink tea without sugar and blueberry juice (but only natural and without added sugar). You can drink dried fruit compote, especially if you suffer from stool disorders due to illness. If colitis is accompanied by diarrhea, this should not be done.

As you understand, it is necessary to get out of fasting, even such a short one, correctly. After the abstinence from food stops, introduce apples into your diet. It is advisable to eat them in a pureed form, i.e., mash them. You can also bake them in the oven (but not in the microwave!). Fruit must be peeled.

On the third day of fasting, you can slightly expand the diet, depending on your own well-being.

However, in the taboo zone, there should still be products that irritate the walls of the organ and provoke inflammatory processes.

You should not turn to those foods that significantly enhance the natural motility of the intestine - this can adversely affect its functioning at the moment. But it is very desirable to strengthen the organs of the digestive tract, and for this it is worth using mucous liquids (oatmeal decoctions, jelly, etc.). Awakening the secretion of gastric juice is not recommended, so sour vegetables and fruits should be discarded. For example, citrus fruits should be banned for you for now. After the third day of therapeutic fasting, semolina and rice should be included in your menu (again, in a pureed form). Meat puree is allowed.

But keep in mind that meat should not be classified as fatty varieties. Ideally, if it becomes a bird, especially turkey or chicken fillet.

Basic rules of nutrition for intestinal colitis

The result of numerous studies and debates among gastroenterologists and nutritionists has been the conclusion that food has little or no direct effect on the development of colitis. However, "special" food can alleviate the patient's condition if the pathology has already taken him by surprise.

You can stop not only the manifestations of the disease, but also ensure reliable prevention of its exacerbations. And for this you need to know which foods should be eaten, and which ones are better to temporarily refuse.

Fiber, in view of the many laudatory odes in its favor, is strongly associated with something extremely important for our body.

But it is important to know that there are two types of fiber, and each of them carries a certain benefit and risk for intestinal colitis:

• Insoluble fiber, or coarse dietary fiber that is not digested by the body, is extremely harmful in such pathologies. Their components can attach to the walls of the colon and provoke an exacerbation of colitis. Insoluble fiber is important to completely eliminate from the diet in any form of colitis. Among the "popular" foods enriched with it are grapes, apple peel, sweet corn, white cabbage, pasta, instant cereals and cereals, whole grain bread;
• Soluble fiber, in contrast to the previous one, is very useful for patients suffering from colitis. It is mandatory included in the diet for acute and chronic, as well as ulcerative and intestinal colitis. It has the unique ability to regulate intestinal smooth muscle motility, as well as soften stools and prevent long-term constipation. It can be found in the following products: potatoes, beets, boiled carrots, apples and pears (only without peel!), oatmeal, white polished rice. Soluble fiber is the basis of dietary table number 3 - a diet that is prescribed to patients with a wide variety of intestinal dysfunctions.

It is important to organize your nutrition based on this basic principle. You should also make up for the lack of animal fats by consuming pure fish oil. And even if you don’t associate this fact with the most “bitter” childhood memory, now it’s not at all necessary to drink it in its pure, as they say, “original” form.

There are special capsules made from pure fish oil, which should be taken according to the instructions for the drug. In addition, fish oil in this form is easier and faster absorbed by the body.

To restore normal bowel function, you should pay attention to the amount of dairy and sour-milk products in your daily diet. The therapeutic diet does not exclude, but limits them. With an excess of this food in the patient's diet, his condition can significantly worsen against the background of the activity of lactobacilli that reside in such food.

Therefore, the total amount of milk consumed should not exceed 100 g per day.

What foods can you eat with colitis?

• Vegetables (in particular, green leafy ones) in the form of mashed stew, mashed potatoes or cutlets without a crust (optimally steamed). It is especially worth leaning on pumpkin, zucchini, boiled cauliflower;
• Boiled fruits, as well as kissels, compotes, jams and marmalades based on them (but with a limited amount of sugar!);
• Dairy and sour-milk products - whole milk, fresh kefir, mashed cottage cheese of medium fat content, non-acidic sour cream. Natural yogurt is excluded;
• Chicken eggs - no more than one piece per day, only boiled;
• Fish and seafood (especially steamed or chopped);
• Meat (lean), especially poultry, veal or beef;
• Butter - butter, ghee or olive;
• Flour and bakery products - white and black bread, biscuit cookies, rich buns, dry biscuits, crackers.

What foods should be completely eliminated?

• Fatty fish and fatty meat;
• Smoked meats and sausages;
• Pickles and marinades;
• Canned food and semi-finished products;
• Raw vegetables and fruits;
• Mushrooms;
• legumes;
• Some cereals - millet, pearl barley, barley porridge;
• Tea with milk, carbonated drinks, coffee (both natural and instant).

As drinks, in addition to water, you can use rosehip broth, fruit compotes and jelly, phytotherapeutic decoctions (but only from herbs that do not have a pronounced laxative effect).

The diet for colitis is aimed not only at eliminating the symptoms of the disease, but also helps to restore the absorption of basic nutrients, normalizes metabolism and improves the general condition of the patient. Changing the nature of nutrition should be combined with drug treatment and vice versa.

The large intestine performs the most important functions in the human body. It provides the reverse absorption of water in the gastrointestinal tract, participates in the formation of the immune response, and here a number of vitamins are synthesized. However, the features of the modern lifestyle, poor nutrition, stress, poor ecology often become the causes of inflammatory pathology of the colon.

Basic principles of nutrition

Treatment of colitis of any etiology is a whole range of measures: medication, physiotherapy, dietary. Proper nutrition plays a very important role in this. The diet for nonspecific colitis takes into account the following factors:

• the etiology of the disease;
• the severity of the process;
• features of intestinal motility;
• the presence of dyspeptic phenomena;
• associated pathologies of the gastrointestinal tract;
• individual tolerance of products;
• age, field of activity of the patient.

A properly selected diet allows you to achieve a subsidence of the severity of the process, prevents the occurrence of relapses of the disease. The basic principles of therapeutic nutrition in chronic colitis are as follows.

• Fractionality. It is necessary to eat food in fractional portions, this contributes to the formation of biological rhythms of digestion and improves bowel function. There should be a clear and constant diet.
• Diversity. Meals should be varied and promote appetite.
• Cooking. It is advisable to cook your own food. Semi-finished products, products with preservatives and dyes are contraindicated.

For constipation

The inflammatory process in the intestines is not so rarely characterized by difficulty in defecation. Constipation is a condition when the patient visits the toilet no more than three times a week, while the defecation process is accompanied by straining.

To improve the formation of fecal masses and stimulate the work of the intestines, it is necessary to include dishes rich in dietary fiber (fiber) in the patient's menu. These substances absorb water well and therefore increase the volume of intestinal contents. They prevent the reabsorption of toxins. Against the background of the use of fiber, there is a regression of inflammatory-dystrophic changes in the intestinal wall. It has been proven that dietary fiber stimulates the synthesis of vitamins, contributes to the normalization of microflora.

Doctors recommend consuming at least 20-30 g of ballast substances per day. The intake of sufficient fiber should be provided by vegetables and fruits. The diet for colitis with constipation should include at least 350 g of such products.

During the period of exacerbation, it is necessary to consume non-coarse fiber. Useful:

• cereals from buckwheat, oatmeal, barley groats;
• baked or boiled beets, carrots;
• soaked dried apricots;
• kiwi, mango;
• seaweed;
• cauliflower, broccoli, romanescu;
• baked apples;
• greens (parsley, dill).

All dishes must be cooked in boiled or steam form. You can bake in the oven, but without fat and the formation of a crispy crust. At first, it is better to give vegetable and mucous soups, non-concentrated meat or fish broth. Stewed vegetables, cabbage, carrot or zucchini stew, baked pumpkin are useful. Juices with pulp are recommended as drinks (plum, pumpkin, pear-apple).

Sour-milk dishes also contribute to the appearance of a normal stool. The most useful products, which contain lactic acid bacteria:

• koumiss;
• yogurt;
• leaven;
• symbilact.

Fermented milk products are very well combined with dried apricots or prunes. The higher the acidity of the dairy product, the better the laxative effect it has.

• bread products made from whole grain flour;
• wheat bran;
• microcrystalline cellulose;
• rekitsen.

The most accessible product is wheat bran. They absorb water well and increase the volume of feces. Before taking bran, you need to pour boiling water over them for 15-20 minutes. After that, they can be added to salad, porridge or yogurt. The amount of bran initially should not exceed one teaspoon two to three times a day. Then you can gradually increase to three to four tablespoons a day.

The diet for atrophic colitis, hemorrhoids or colic should not include coarse dietary fiber. In this case, it is better to use boiled vegetables, fruits with soft and juicy pulp as a source of fiber.

With increased gas production

Very often, patients with colitis complain of increased gas formation in the intestines (flatulence). This problem can be solved by changing the diet. You will need to completely exclude from the menu:

• boiled and pasteurized milk, condensed milk;
• beans, beans, green peas;
• all types of cabbage;
• durum wheat pasta;
• cakes, pastries, pastry products;
• sweet fruits (apples, persimmons, gourds, grapes).

Some types of food need to be limited. No more than two or three times a week you can eat:

• fatty meats- pork, lamb;
• offal - tongue, kidneys;
• canned food - from fish and meat;
• chocolate confectionery- sweets, sweets, pastries.

A diet for colitis and bloating must necessarily include fermented milk products. They contribute to the normalization of microflora, enhance the growth of beneficial lacto- and bifidobacteria. Fermented milk drinks prepared at home on the basis of complex kefir ferment give a particularly good effect.
Polyunsaturated fatty acids normalize the work of the large intestine and reduce inflammation in it. In large quantities, they are found in the fat of marine fish. Therefore, patients with colitis are recommended to include dishes from salmon, sardines, hake, telapia, mackerel in the menu three to four times a week. Also a good source of polyunsaturated fatty acids are vegetable oils, in particular linseed, olive, corn.

Some plants are able to suppress the growth of pathogenic microflora of the colon and thereby reduce inflammation in colitis and increased gas formation. These include:

• berries and leaves of barberry;
• cranberry;
• cowberry berries:
• Rowan;
• viburnum;
• raspberries in fresh and dried form;
• horseradish;
• dill;
• cumin seeds;
• chilli;
• turmeric;
• cinnamon.

Cranberry has a particularly pronounced antibacterial effect. It is capable of inhibiting the growth of Escherichia coli, Streptococcus and Proteus, its suppressive effect on the reproduction of fungi of the genus Candida has been proven.

There are also dietitian recommendations for the use of raw rice to eliminate bloating. To do this, the grains need to be poured with cold water and let stand for about 20 minutes. Then the liquid must be poured out, and the remaining mass put in the refrigerator for five to six hours. After that, take it out of the refrigerator and pour over twice with boiling water. Take this rice in a teaspoon before meals.

With diarrhea

Diarrhea also often accompanies diseases of the large intestine. It can occur with enterocolitis, irritable bowel syndrome, erosive or catarrhal colitis, inflammation against the background of any intestinal infection. Proper nutrition plays a very important role in this, as it helps to restore the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

In the acute period, it is necessary to adhere to the following principles of diet therapy:

• sparing - exclude any mechanical trauma to the intestinal walls;
• restriction - reduce the amount of products that cause flatulence, containing essential oils;
• temperature - dishes should only be served warm;
• additives - add products containing tannin to the menu;
• composition - increase the quota of simple carbohydrates in the diet.

If the stool frequency is more than six to seven times a day, it is recommended to exclude food intake for 24-48 hours. During the period of exacerbation, you can only eat baked apples without skin, it is allowed to drink tea with a small amount of sugar. You can also use blueberry decoction or infusion of currant leaves.

After reducing the frequency of stools, they switch to a sparing diet No. 4a. All dishes are prepared by boiling or in a double boiler. They eat small portions of food, but often, up to six times a day. The diet for ulcerative colitis without exacerbation is compiled in a similar way.

With colitis, which is accompanied by diarrhea, the following are allowed:

• soups - mucous with the addition of mashed meat, vegetable puree soups;
• cutlets - steam or dumplings from veal, chicken, turkey;
• fish - steam cutlets or steamed fillets;
• cottage cheese - low-fat cottage cheese casseroles;
• butter - butter in a small amount, as an additive to dishes;
• vegetable puree - potato, pumpkin, squash, carrot;
• cereals - liquid without coarse fiber;
• bakery products- dried white bread.

During remission with colitis with a tendency to diarrhea, diet No. 4b is prescribed. It has a larger set of products, unlike the escalation menu. Meat and cereals do not have to be wiped, it is allowed to eat eggs in the form of omelets, soft-boiled, add them to pastries and desserts. You can eat fresh vegetables without coarse fiber, make salads out of them. Fruits and berries are recommended with tender pulp: bananas, sweet apples, persimmons, strawberries, blueberries.

Juices are best consumed diluted with water in a ratio of 1:2. In small quantities, it is allowed to add dairy products, hard cheese, curds to the menu, it is useful to drink fermented milk products. This diet is similar to diet number 2, so it is also suitable for people suffering from gastritis with high acidity or chronic pancreatitis in remission. In this case, the approximate menu for the day is as follows.

• Breakfast. Milk semolina porridge, two boiled eggs, tea with sugar and lemon.
• Lunch. Curd with honey.
• Dinner. Soup with noodles in chicken broth, rice with vegetables and boiled meat, carrot casserole.
• afternoon tea. Fish casserole, blueberry jelly.
• Dinner . Rice casserole with carrots and green peas, chicken steamed quenelles, banana, milk tea.
• Before bedtime. Low fat yogurt.

For each patient, the diet is compiled strictly individually, since the peculiarities of the course of colitis are taken into account. It is best to consult your doctor or nutritionist about nutrition.