How to calculate dangerous days for conception. The most favorable days for conceiving a healthy child: how to calculate
The conception calendar is a handy thing that allows a woman to keep track of her menstrual cycle, namely, to determine dangerous and safe days in terms of a possible pregnancy. The conception calendar of a child is a form in which you must enter the first day of the last menstruation, while the program, using different colors, shows which days are the most “fruitful”. Try it, the conception calendar is really very easy to calculate!
For a better understanding of how the program works, we will present the main factors that were taken into account when creating it.
1. In the vast majority of women, ovulation (the only day in the month when the egg is ready for fertilization) occurs approximately in the middle of the cycle. Look at the conception calendar - the day of ovulation (exactly the middle of the menstrual cycle), as well as a few days before and after it are highlighted in orange and green.
2. Fertilization of the egg cannot occur during the days of menstruation, as well as at the very end of the cycle. These "safe" days are represented in pink (see the conception calendar).
You can also check the accuracy of the data obtained by monitoring your condition during the period of ovulation.
1. The amount of vaginal discharge will noticeably increase.
2. Libido (sexual desire) will increase.
3. You may notice a jump in basal temperature (measured in the rectum), but only if you have built a schedule in advance.
4. An ovulation test (available at almost any pharmacy) shows a positive result.
5. There may be short-term, aching pain in the uterus and ovaries.
6. The doctor, using ultrasound, reveals signs of an egg that has come out of the ovary.
You can calculate your conception calendar right now! Enter the exact data on the beginning of critical days (exact date) and in a couple of seconds you will receive the necessary information. Note that the data obtained cannot be trusted 100%, nevertheless, our body is a big mystery, and any “little things”, such as stress or a change of place of residence, can affect the processes in it.
Note also that ovulation does not occur every cycle. Every woman of reproductive age has at least 2 cycles per year "infertile".
The scheme for conceiving a baby is as old as the world, and although modern scientists have come up with a number of alternatives to the natural process of fertilization, the proximity between partners remains the most relevant method. If the latter occurs in order to get the desired pregnancy, couples in some cases are faced with the need to count the days convenient for fertilization. A conception calendar comes to the aid of potential parents. What is it, and can it be used to guess the gender of the unborn child?
How to calculate favorable days for conceiving a child
It is unlikely that anyone will argue with the fact that the most pleasant thing about conceiving a child is the process of intimacy itself. However, leading doctors have established that for successful conception it is not at all necessary to have sex every day. Moreover, in some cases, on the contrary, it is worth refraining from intimacy for a while - this will bring the desired pregnancy many times closer. How to build a strategy of intimacy with a partner for successful fertilization? A conception calendar will come to the rescue - it will not be difficult to calculate the necessary days with its help with a certain skill.
With regular menstruation
For women with a typical menstrual cycle, it is enough to calculate fertile days using the calendar method. In this case, the report will start from the middle of the cycle - often it is during this period that ovulation is observed. Sometimes a deviation of a couple of days in both directions is possible. In other words, with a stable cycle, traditionally lasting 28 days, the appearance of a female cell should be expected at about 14-15 days.
Realizing that the egg, like all ladies, may be somewhat late or, on the contrary, decide to appear earlier, you should throw in two days by this date. That is, favorable days will fall approximately for the period from 13 to 17 days of the cycle.
It should also not be forgotten that spermatozoa are able to wait for their “chosen one” for 3-5 days, so 9-18 days of the cycle can be considered successful.
With a floating cycle
But not all women have a clear cycle, like a Swiss watch. Even with a “stormy”, unstable cycle, a lady may try to use the calendar method to determine successful days in terms of conception. The reliability of this method will become higher if the potential mother calculates her cycles for at least the last six months.
With the help of the conception calendar, a woman can control her menstrual cycle, calculate ovulation and the days when the probability of becoming pregnant is higher.conception calendar- this is a form in which you just need to enter the number of the first day of the last menstruation, and a special program will automatically calculate the possible days of conception, highlighting them in different colors. Using this calendar is very simple and effective.
To understand the effectiveness and main provisions of this program, consider the following factors that were taken as the basis for its construction:
women have one day of ovulation when the egg is mature and ready to be fertilized. This day is in the middle of the menstrual cycle. In the conception calendar, this day and a couple of days before and after it are highlighted in red and orange.To check the effectiveness of this program, observe the state of your body during the period of ovulation:
days on which it is almost impossible to get pregnant (if you have a regular menstrual cycle) are highlighted in white on the calendar. These days fall at the time of menstruation and at the end of the cycle.
1. there is an increase in the amount of vaginal discharge;To calculate the days of possible conception and the date of ovulation right now, you need to enter a specific date for the start of your period, and within a few seconds you will receive the necessary information.
2. increases sexual desire;
3. the temperature in the rectum rises;
4. a positive result is displayed in the ovulation test;
5. the appearance of short aching pains in the ovaries and uterus;
6. Ultrasound shows signs of the release of the egg from the ovary.
But keep in mind that you can not completely rely on these calculations. This happens because the processes in our body can be affected by a change of place of residence, stress and much more.
In addition, not every cycle occurs ovulation. With this in mind, every woman has cycles that are "sterile".
Color Meaning
The most likely day of ovulation, the best day to conceive.
The probability of conception is 90%.
The probability of conception is 80%.
Your first day of your period.
📅 Our will help you calculate the onset of ovulation and determine favorable days for conception. Specify in the calendar settings the first day of the last menstruation and the duration of your cycle. If the cycle has gone astray, then you can always edit the settings.
You should not relax and let such a responsible step take its course. And the point is not only in the physiological component of this term, but also in the fact that modern psychologists are increasingly saying that in families where parents worry about planning a pregnancy in advance, children develop better both physically and emotionally.
Pregnancy planning is aimed at identifying and eliminating risk factors for future pregnancy, improving the health of both parents. Often, in order for a modern woman to be able to conceive, bear and give birth to a healthy child, serious preparation is needed.
It includes an examination of the general and reproductive health of future parents and a set of measures aimed at ensuring optimal conditions for conception (ensuring optimal conditions for egg maturation, its implantation (i.e. attachment to the uterus) and early development of the embryo). Thus, these are measures aimed at eliminating some risk factors, improving the health of future parents and creating favorable physiological conditions at the time of conception.
Pregnancy planning
Examinations before conception
What do you need to do? Where to begin? Ideally, a woman should visit a gynecologist, dentist, therapist, ENT doctor and, if necessary, more specialized specialists in advance to identify and treat chronic diseases. In addition, she must be tested for “hidden” infections that go unnoticed but can harm the child, examine the hormonal status, do an ultrasound of the pelvic organs and undergo other necessary studies. In some cases, a few months before the planned pregnancy, a woman is recommended to be vaccinated (most often against rubella and hepatitis B) in order to avoid problems during childbearing. If there were hereditary diseases in the family (Down's disease, myodystrophy, Alzheimer's disease, Huntington's chorea, etc.) or cases of stillbirth, a consultation with a geneticist is necessary. A geneticist can conduct special studies to identify genetic abnormalities and predict the birth of a healthy child.Video - examination before conception
At the same time, you should not worry too much if the pregnancy is unplanned. In the first ten days, the embryo has not yet attached to the wall of the uterus and has not joined the mother's blood circulation - therefore, those harmful substances that enter her blood (alcohol, drugs, etc.) do not enter the child. Immediately after establishing the fact of pregnancy, a woman should contact a gynecologist and undergo a full examination in order to identify and, if possible, eliminate health problems and prepare for the birth of a healthy baby.
If everything turned out to be in order, you can begin direct preparation for conception. It is recommended for a married couple not to drink any medication for 2–3 months without consulting a gynecologist, not to smoke (in extreme cases, reduce the number of cigarettes, switch to lighter cigarettes), not to drink alcoholic beverages (more than 100 ml of wine per day ), do not abuse coffee, eat more fruits and vegetables, do not take hot baths, do not go to baths and saunas, try not to get sick.
Women three months before the intended conception need to start taking vitamins c.
conception of a child
Now you can stop being protected and proceed to the actual conception. According to statistics, a healthy married couple who has sex 2-3 times a week without contraceptives usually takes from several months to a year to conceive. So don't worry if it doesn't work the first time. This may be due to the recent use of hormonal birth control pills, stress, lifestyle changes, etc.You can relax and just enjoy life and wait for the cherished stripes to appear on the test, or you can take an active part, study your body, listen to it, and thus achieve your goal faster. It is worth noting that in some cases, especially with long and unsuccessful planning, it is simply necessary to know how your body works.
As you know, in order for pregnancy to occur in the body of a woman, ovulation must occur. Ovulation is the release of an egg from the ovary. Without the release of the egg and its subsequent fertilization, pregnancy is impossible.
Good to know
Ovulation occurs 12-16 days before the onset of menstruation (at any cycle length). On a 28-day cycle, ovulation usually occurs in the middle of the cycle. If the cycle is shorter or longer, then the duration of the first phase changes - before ovulation. After ovulation, it is always 12-16 days before menstruation (average 14 days). Pregnancy can occur if sexual intercourse occurs starting from 3-4 days before ovulation (sperm live 3-4 days), and ending days after ovulation (the egg lives for about a day).
For a more accurate determination of ovulation, you will need to measure the basal temperature and assess the condition of the cervical mucus (the nature of the vaginal mucus changes - its amount increases, it becomes more viscous, viscous, vitreous). Of course, all this cannot be attributed to reliable signs of ovulation, however, even as indirect signs, they are quite important.
Video - measuring basal temperature
Infographic - Probability of conception
The statistical probability of conceiving a child in the first planning cycle is relatively low and amounts to 15-25%. About 50 percent get pregnant within the first 3 months of planning. 75 percent get a long-awaited pregnancy within 6 months of starting planning and 90% get pregnant within a year of starting planning. On average, it takes a woman 4 months to get pregnant.
Good to know
If pregnancy has not occurred after a year, you should consult a gynecologist.
Interestingly, if you have sex more than 20 times a month, then the likelihood of conception does not increase. There is a theory that with too frequent sexual intercourse in the sperm of a man, the number of spermatozoa capable of fertilization decreases.
How is conception
The primordial follicle consists of an immature ovum that is surrounded by a single layer of epithelial cells (follicle epithelium). Outside, the follicle is surrounded by a connective tissue sheath. Primordial follicles are formed in the prenatal period and in early childhood. By the period of puberty, out of 400,000–500,000 primary follicles, 35,000–40,000 remain, while the rest undergo reverse development. Of the remaining primary follicles, 450-500 fully mature, the rest undergo physiological atresia. The essence of physiological atresia lies in the fact that the follicle begins to grow, but dies before reaching full development, the egg and the surrounding epithelium disintegrate and are replaced by connective tissue.In other words, every month in a woman's life, ovulation occurs, a total of 400 times during the entire period of fertility. Under normal conditions, only one follicle usually matures, alternately in the right, then in the left ovary. Ovulation is repeated more or less regularly every 28 days (lunar month). Not all follicles mature before fertilization. Most of them undergo reverse development - atresia. Follicle stimulating hormone (FSH) stimulates the growth of follicles up to approximately 2 cm.
Ovulation itself is a dynamic process that occurs within minutes.
It occurs under the influence of the combined effect of gonadotropic hormones of the anterior pituitary gland and ovarian follicular hormone. Of particular importance is the increased synthesis and release of LH (preovulatory LH peak). The rupture of the follicle is facilitated by the accumulation of follicular fluid and the thinning of the layer of ovarian tissue located above the protruding pole of the follicle.
Ovulation is the process of rupture of a mature follicle and the release of a mature egg from its cavity, ready for fertilization.
The egg, together with the follicular fluid, enters the abdominal cavity, and later into the fallopian tube. Fertilization takes place in the cavity of the tube.
If this process is not carried out, the unfertilized egg quickly loses its vital activity (after 12-24 hours) and is destroyed.
Promotion of the egg in the fallopian (fallopian) tube
The egg enters the fallopian tubes
A few hours before ovulation, the fallopian tubes receive information about exactly where on the surface of the ovaries ovulation will take place. The funnel of the oviduct (fallopian tube) is prepared in order to "catch" the egg and to prevent it from entering the abdominal cavity. The fallopian tube with cilia usually covers the place on the surface of the ovary where the bubble should rupture. Thus, the egg almost immediately enters her cavity. The egg, released from the ovary and being captured by the oviduct, moves further along its lumen towards the uterine cavity.
However, sometimes, although very rarely, the egg during ovulation is not ejected from the follicular cavity, but remains in it; here it can be fertilized and further developed. In this case, there is a so-called ovarian pregnancy (graviditas ovarica).
In another extreme case, an egg that has fallen into the abdominal cavity, but not captured by the oviduct, can be fertilized. In the abdominal cavity, the egg can take root in the peritoneum and develop in it. In this case, we are talking about intra-abdominal pregnancy (graviditas abdominalis).
Much more often there are cases when an egg, normally fertilized in the oviduct, due to any changes in the physiological state of the mucous membrane of the oviduct or due to obstruction of its lumen due to pathological phenomena (inflammation), cannot move along the oviduct and is grafted directly into mucous membrane of the oviduct tube, where it develops. In this case, we are talking about tubal pregnancy (graviditas tubaria).
Good to know
The mobility of the fallopian tubes can be significantly reduced if a woman has once suffered tubal inflammation. During the healing process, adhesions of the fallopian tubes are formed, which interfere with the movement of the egg through the tubes.
How does egg transport occur?
The ovum ejected from the ovary under normal conditions enters the lumen of the fallopian tube and moves along the oviduct towards the uterus. One of the main factors that determine this transportation is the wave-like movements of the oviduct, which occur in connection with contractions of the smooth muscles of its wall. After ovulation, these contractions become more intense. In addition, in all likelihood, an auxiliary factor in this case is the flickering of special cells - cilia located on the surface of the epithelium of the mucous membrane of the oviduct, which contributes to the flow of a special fluid in its lumen towards the uterine cavity.In the cavity of the oviduct, in the expansion of the fallopian tube, the egg is fertilized by spermatozoa, which in huge quantities enter here from the vagina through the uterine cavity, and then move into the cavity of the oviduct both independently and due to the complex flow of a special fluid through the labyrinths of grooves formed by the folds of the mucous membrane of the oviduct .
The egg, during its movement along the lumen of the oviduct, passes through the first stages of development, that is, crushing, so that a small embryo enters the uterine cavity, which is attached to the uterine mucosa and continues to develop here. The time required for the transport of a fertilized egg and implantation occurs approximately on the 6th day after fertilization. This means that the movement of the egg through the fallopian tube takes approximately 4-5 days.
Multiple pregnancy
Sometimes two or more embryos are formed during fertilization. It happens in the following way. Or in the ovaries, several eggs ripen at once, which enter the tubes and then fertilization by several sperm occurs. Either the egg, after merging with the sperm, breaks up into two completely independent and viable cells. In them, in parallel, the so-called identical twins begin to emerge and grow. The offspring born from one cell and one sperm in this case has an identical appearance, and in addition, the twins are endowed with almost the same set of chromosomes!- Fraternal (twins) - are obtained from 2 fertilized eggs, so they can be very similar and completely different, of the same sex and different.
- Identical (twins) - are obtained from one egg, divided after fertilization - they are absolutely identical to each other and, of course, of the same sex.
- If it separates quickly after fertilization, then each twin will have its own placenta and amniotic sac - this is the most favorable option (diamniotic, dichorional twins - why it is so called from the definition).
- If separated a little later, then the twins will have a common placenta and different amniotic sacs (monochorial, diamniotic twins).
- With an even later separation, the twins have both a common placenta and a common sac (monochorial, monoamniotic twins).
- The latest separation is Siamese twins.
Sperm migration
Since the egg is only capable of fertilization for 12-24 hours, in order not to die and come out with subsequent menstrual bleeding, it needs to meet with the sperm. During intercourse, several tens of millions of spermatozoa enter the woman's vagina. A mature normal human spermatozoon consists of a head, neck, body and tail, or flagellum, which ends in a thin terminal filament. The total length of the spermatozoon is about 50–60 µm. It is much smaller than an egg. Spermatozoa usually take several hours to reach the fallopian tubes, in general sperm travel a distance of 15-18 cm.
Spermatozoa meet on their way with various obstacles. The cervix is blocked by a plug of mucus, and even if they overcome this mucus, then on the walls of the cervix they can "get lost" in various "niches" and "dead ends". A large number of spermatozoa has little mobility and viability and gets tired quickly. A significant proportion of them do not get further, but those millions that do break through soon collide with white blood cells. White blood cells are a powerful weapon in a woman's immune system, and they kill everything that is foreign to a woman's body - including male sperm.
Spermatozoon fighting the cilia of the fallopian tubes
Once in the uterus, spermatozoa begin their journey through the fallopian tubes towards the egg, which is quite difficult to do, because. they move against the growth and movement of the cilia and against the rhythmic contraction of the tube. If by the time they appear there the egg is not yet in the tube, they remain in free swimming in the wide part of the fallopian tube and wait for it, sometimes up to several days.
Good to know
It has been proven that the life span of spermatozoa in the female genital tract ranges from 24–36 hours to 8–14 days.
The chance of pregnancy increases if intercourse coincides with ovulation, because then the mucus of the cervix becomes less viscous and the cervix softens. During ovulation, there is increased muscle activity in the fallopian tubes. Modern research suggests that this phenomenon contributes to the movement of spermatozoa, as well as the movement of the egg to the uterus.
Good to know
Although orgasm usually speeds up the transfer of sperm, it is certainly not a necessary condition, since there are many well-proven cases (both clinical and experimental) of pregnancy in the absence of an orgasm in a female. In these cases, the penetration into the uterus and the passage of spermatozoa through it should depend mainly on the activity of the spermatozoa themselves.
The first meeting of the egg and sperm - "undressing" the egg
By the time of the meeting with the spermatozoa, the egg is surrounded by a dense shell, which is a nutrient medium for it. Some of the cells have already fulfilled their function and fell off along the way in the fallopian tube. But most of these cells still protect the egg and prevent sperm from entering. Therefore, the sperm begins to actively try to penetrate inside. The upper part of its head (acrosome) produces substances - enzymes that dissolve the shell of the egg and help it penetrate inside.
A team of strong spermatozoa, left by this point in small numbers, actively attack the egg shell, many die in the process. After a while, part of the shell becomes too thin and weak.
Penetration of the sperm into the egg
The sperm that reaches the zona pellucida first is the most likely to carry out fertilization. When one spermatozoon has penetrated the ovum, its superficial membrane immediately thickens and stops being less permeable; at the same time, the rest of the spermatozoa lose their directed activity, and soon only single spermatozoa remain in the neighborhood of the fertilized egg. The spermatozoa that remain outside the egg, where they were so strictly closed, swarm around the egg for several more days, and then, eventually, die. It is believed that these spermatozoa create the necessary environment that helps the fertilized cell along the way in the fallopian tube.
Thus, after the penetration of the first sperm, the remaining sperm are not able to fertilize the egg. The mechanism that prevents the penetration of more than one sperm into the egg is called the “polyspermy block”. In mammals, the block of polyspermy develops within a few minutes.
Now the genetic information of the egg and sperm merge, they become one, and are a set of 46 chromosomes - a completely new combination of ancestral heritage, which contains the plan of a new person. A fertilized egg is called a "zygote" and is about 0.15 millimeters in size.
After fertilization, the zygote begins to actively divide. Cell division occurs within 12-16 hours.
Migration of the egg to the uterus
The first 3 days the egg is in the fallopian tubes and divides again and again.
Three days have passed.
In the process of fertilization, the egg, and subsequently the zygote, continues its movement along the fallopian tube towards the uterus. This is facilitated by the contraction of the muscular layer of the tube and the movement of the cilia of its epithelium. After the formation of the zygote, the process of its division begins, which is called “crushing” (the division of the zygote received such a name because the overall size of the embryo does not increase, and with each subsequent division, the daughter cells become smaller). By the 5th day of development, the crushing embryo forms a blastocyst, a stage of development that is characteristic only of placental mammals. Now her task is to find the most optimal place in the uterine cavity for attachment and announce her presence to the woman's body. The blastocyst is a "ball" of two types of cells:
- The outer ones subsequently form a trophoblast, which provides nutrition to the embryo (trophoblast cells, after implantation with endometrial tissue cells, form the placenta).
- Internal form the body of the embryo.
The bottom of the cells will become the embryo, the top the placenta.
Implantation
In place of the former follicle (which burst during ovulation), the so-called corpus luteum is formed. It produces the hormones progesterone and estrogen. Thanks to progesterone, the lining of the uterus (endometrium) is well prepared to receive a fertilized egg.
However, the process of finding a suitable implant site often takes several days. As soon as the egg comes into contact with the wall of the uterus, attachment occurs. Usually this place is the back upper wall of the uterus. After implantation, an intensive exchange of information between the blastocyst and the mother's body begins. Hormones enter the mother's bloodstream, the detection of which allows pregnancy to be established. At the same time, the brain begins to actively produce hormones necessary for the development of pregnancy, and stops the process of menstruation.
Video - How is the conception of a child
The first signs of pregnancy
What you should pay attention to before taking a pregnancy test:- sensitive chest. Within a few days after conception, a pregnant woman may notice the first changes. Nipples become more sensitive than usual. This also applies to the rest of the chest. But not always sensitive breasts are a sign of pregnancy. Similar sensations can occur during ovulation or before menstruation.
- Delayed menstruation. One of the main and most reliable signs indicating pregnancy, but not 100 percent. Perhaps you are reacting to climate change in this way, or it is a hormonal failure, a delay in menstruation can be a sign of serious gynecological diseases. In any case, it is better to consult a doctor. However, a delay of up to five days is considered normal. It can also happen that you are pregnant, but your period continues to go. Here you can only advise: after unprotected intercourse, listen to your body and take a pregnancy test.
- Frequent urination. It is one of the symptoms of pregnancy. But it can also be a symptom of illness, hypothermia, stress, etc.
- Darkening of the areola of the nipples. It usually happens no earlier than two weeks later. However, darkening can be caused by the influence of sex hormones in a non-pregnant woman.
- Increased salivation. As a rule, it appears with nausea in the first three months of pregnancy. Also, salivation is a characteristic symptom in almost all diseases of the oral cavity, gastrointestinal tract, and even with inflammation of the trigeminal nerve.
A reliable result can be shown by a pregnancy test that reacts to human chorionic gonadotropin (), but the sensitivity of household tests can detect pregnancy only in the fifth week after the first day of the last menstruation (fifth obstetric week of pregnancy). Read more about embryo development and pregnancy tests in ours.
For a few months ahead, use our calculator! You can turn on the forecast of the sex of the unborn child in order to additionally highlight the days in the calculation results on which the probability of conceiving a boy or girl is higher.
Ovulation calculator with baby gender prediction