Mouth ulcer in an infant. Causes of sores in the mouth in a child and methods of treatment. Medical and allergic stomatitis

Refusal of the child to eat, causeless whims, fever and the appearance of painful sores in the oral cavity - all these symptoms accompany such an unpleasant disease as stomatitis.

To quickly help the baby, it is important to correctly diagnose the type of pathology and start therapy as soon as possible.

Features of the treatment of stomatitis in children depend on the type of disease and the causes that caused it. Most often, susceptibility to a certain type of pathology is determined by the age of the child and looks like this:

• from newborn to three years of age babies often suffer from;
• 1-3 years- there is a tendency to herpetic stomatitis;
• 7-15 years old- often occurs.

As for bacterial, viral and traumatic stomatitis, it occurs at any age.

Regardless of the type of pathology, one common cause of the development of the disease can be identified - insufficient hygiene, slight injury to the delicate children's mucosa and insufficiently active immune system.

In young children, saliva does not have the required amount of enzymes that provide an antiseptic effect, therefore the unprotected mucosa is open to the negative effects of pathogenic microbes and bacteria.

Herpetic stomatitis

The development of this type of disorder is associated with the penetration of the herpes virus into the body, which remains forever in the body, provoking relapses of the disease. At the age of one to three years, babies still do not have enough of their own antibodies to fight the virus, so the disease manifests itself in the form of obvious symptoms of intoxication, which are accompanied by:

If the disease proceeds in a mild or moderate form, it is possible to carry out outpatient treatment, doing local procedures at home.

How to help a child?

Several basic medicines are used to treat the disease.

Miramistin is an excellent antiseptic, to which most microorganisms are susceptible, including the herpes virus. In addition to antiseptic, it has a regenerating effect. It can be used to treat both older children and babies up to a year.

For small children, the treatment is carried out using a cotton swab dipped in a solution or soaked gauze, which is wound around a finger. The frequency of treatments is 3-4 times a day.

For older children, the release form in the form of a solution in a spray bottle is especially convenient. In this form, the drug is used for injections (one procedure involves 3 injections). If the agent is used for rinsing, the procedure is carried out with the frequency described above, using 15 ml of Miramistin.

The active substance of Viferon is interferons, vitamins E, C, which provide an immunostimulating and antiviral effect. The drug can be used starting from the first months of life.

Among the available forms of release are gels and suppositories (effective in treating babies). The correct dosage is determined by the attending physician.

When using the gel, the affected mucosa is pre-dried with a gauze swab, after which the agent is carefully applied. The duration of the course is about a week.

Often, with viral stomatitis, an antiviral oxolin ointment is prescribed, but its disadvantage is the release form in the form of an ointment, which is poorly fixed on the mucous membrane, not providing the proper result. You can use this remedy only for the treatment of sores around the lips or on the lips.

Aphthous stomatitis

To date, doctors cannot accurately determine the cause of this type of disease. Possible provoking factors include:

The clinical picture of aphthous stomatitis is characterized by the following symptoms:

Proper therapy is prescribed after a comprehensive examination with the participation of a gastroenterologist, an allergist and a dentist. Particular attention is paid to local treatment.

Treatment approach

What to do if a child is diagnosed with this disease?

Vinylin - a remedy that is also called Shostakovsky's balm, is an effective antiseptic, antimicrobial and regenerating drug. Due to the presence in the composition of polyvinox, the mucous membrane of the oral cavity is disinfected, re-infection of damaged areas is excluded, tissue regeneration is accelerated, and pain is eliminated.

The balm is preliminarily applied to a gauze napkin, which is applied to the affected areas. Processing is carried out after eating, eating and drinking is possible no earlier than 40 minutes later. Three treatments are required per day.

According to the instructions, the drug is contraindicated in children under 14 years of age, but doctors often prescribe it to young patients, if they can comply with one important condition - do not swallow the drug.

Also, it is important to constantly evaluate changes in the child's condition, since the appearance of even minor rashes is a reason to cancel Vinilin.

Iodinol is produced in the form of an aqueous solution, the active ingredients of which are iodine at a concentration of 0.1%, potassium iodide 0.9% and polyvinyl alcohol. When mixed with water, the drug acquires a dark blue color.

By the nature of the impact, it is a strong antiseptic, providing a high anti-inflammatory effect.

To treat the child's oral cavity, a tablespoon of iodinol is dissolved in a glass of water and a rinse solution is used for a week 3-4 times a day.

The main active ingredients are choline salicylate and cetalkonium chloride. Along with anti-inflammatory, it has an anesthetic effect. It is not recommended to use in the treatment of children under one year old.

The tool is available in the form of a gel, which is especially effective in the treatment of inflammation of the mucosa.

The drug is applied to the affected areas 2-3 times a day, squeezing out a strip of the drug 0.5 cm long, and gently distribute it over the mucous membrane with light rubbing movements.

Activation of the fungus Candida

The cause of the development of fungal stomatitis is the yeast-like fungus Candida, which is normally present in a small amount in the oral cavity of all people and is activated under favorable conditions (decreased immunity, maintaining an acidic environment). Typical symptoms include:

The goal of local treatment is to form an alkaline environment in the oral cavity that prevents the reproduction of the fungus.

Therapy options

How to help a child?

Sodium tetraborate reduces the vital activity of fungi, reducing their ability to attach to the mucosa. Glycerol present in the composition reduces the manifestations of inflammation.

To treat the oral cavity, it is applied to a gauze wrapped around the index finger, after which the entire mucosa is gently wiped, including the tissues of the gums, cheeks, tongue and palate. During the procedure, plaque removal should not be accompanied by tissue injury. The procedure is repeated twice a day for a week.

If the baby sucks on a pacifier, before going to bed it is also wiped with a medicine for stomatitis. When the signs of stomatitis are completely gone, treatments are carried out for another couple of days.

Nystatin is an antifungal medicine. Caution is given to young children due to the large number of contraindications.

For babies, the drug is used in the form of an aqueous solution, pouring a tablet, crushed into powder, into a glass of slightly warm boiled water. The bandage wound around the finger is moistened with the solution and the child's mouth is wiped after eating (the procedure is carried out at least 4 times a day).

Older children can take Nystatin tablets by sucking them behind the cheek. The daily dose chosen by the doctor is divided into 3 doses, the course of treatment is 14 days.

Fluconazole is indicated for use in the treatment of children older than 5 years. It is especially effective if other methods of local therapy are not effective or the disease proceeds in a chronic form.

The maximum daily dose is 3 mg per kg of the child's weight. The duration of therapy depends on the condition of the child and is determined by the attending physician.

A fungal infection is effectively eliminated by rinsing, for which a couple of teaspoons of soda are dissolved in a glass of water.

The number of procedures per day is at least 4. In the treatment of young children, the mucous membrane is treated with a gauze swab moistened with a solution.

Don't put dirty hands in your mouth

Bacterial stomatitis is called the disease of dirty hands. Particularly susceptible to pathology are young children who actively learn about the world around them, tasting everything.

The cause of inflammation is the penetration of bacteria into wounds on the mucous membrane (cracks, scratches).

Bacterial stomatitis

At the beginning of the development of the inflammatory process in a child, the temperature rises and the following symptoms are observed:

• the formation of a gray-yellow plaque on the mucous membrane;
• the formation of pus-filled or bloody contents of the vesicles;
• the appearance of bad breath;
• the formation of layers on the lips in the form of dry yellowish crusts.

Local treatment should begin in the first days of the disease. At the same time, it is imperative to rinse your mouth every two hours and immediately after eating, clearing the mucous from bacteria.

If the disease is diagnosed in a newborn baby, rinsing is replaced by irrigation, which is carried out by laying the baby on its side. Antibiotics and local antiseptics are used for the main therapy.

Antibiotic Augmentin

It is a semi-synthetic antibiotic of the penicillin group and is used as a last resort in case of a severe course of the process. The main active ingredients of Augmentin are clavulanate and amoxicillin. Among the available forms of release are tablets, powder for injection or suspensions, syrup.

Antibiotics for stomatitis in a child are often prescribed in the form of a suspension. The dose is determined by the attending physician, who is guided by the condition of the small patient and his age.

The use of Amoxicillin in the treatment of babies under 2 months is not allowed.

Produced in the form of a gel, the agent is well fixed on the mucosa, providing maximum impact on the affected areas. The components are an antibiotic and an antiseptic, due to which it has a double effect. The drug is not prescribed to children under 6 years of age.

To treat inflamed areas, the gel is applied directly to the sores using a cotton swab or a clean finger.

How to rinse your mouth to relieve inflammation?

With bacterial stomatitis, sprays for rinsing the mouth are widely used.

The main active ingredient is benzydamine hydrochloride, which effectively eliminates inflammation in the oral cavity. As a result of local irrigation, pain sensations are reduced, the severity of the inflammatory process is removed, and tissue swelling is reduced. The spray is recommended for use by children of different ages in the following dosages:

• under 6 years old- 1 dose per 4 kg of body weight (no more than 4 doses). Irrigation frequency - every three hours;
• 6-12 years old- 4 doses are used once;
• over 12 years old- 4-8 doses of the product are injected every 3 hours.

If the drug is used in the form of tablets, the number of suckings per day should be at least 3.

For rinsing, a solution is used, using a tablespoon of the product for one procedure.

Chlorophyllipt

It is a wound healing and bactericidal agent with an active ingredient in the form of a mixture of chlorophylls extracted from eucalyptus branches and leaves.

The spray is most convenient to use, which is used twice a day, achieving relief after just one day.

Also, you can treat the oral cavity with an oily solution of the agent, applying it to a cotton swab, or use Chlorophyllipt for rinsing.

Lugol spray

It is an iodine-containing agent, which contains glycerol and potassium iodide. Indicated for use in children over 5 years of age. Frequency of use per day - 4-6 times.

Traumatic stomatitis

It becomes the result of thermal or chemical burns of the oral cavity, its damage by scratching and sharp objects (including teeth), biting the tongue. Often traumatic stomatitis accompanies teething.

At the initial stage, it manifests itself in the form of slight swelling of the injured area and its redness, soreness. After a couple of days, if left untreated, inflammation develops with general malaise, fever. Therapy involves local treatment with antiseptics and wound healing agents.

How to treat the oral cavity?

In this case, the following medicines are used.

Solcoseryl gel - the main active ingredient is a deproteinized calf blood extract. Also, the composition contains healing components, anesthetics.

The drug is used immediately after a meal, after disinfecting the affected area. The gel is applied to the site of inflammation with a thin layer and left for 15 minutes. The procedure is carried out at least 3 times a day.

The duration of treatment and the frequency of use can be adjusted by the attending physician depending on the condition of the child.

Chlorhexidine belongs to antiseptics, therefore it is indicated for traumatic stomatitis to prevent the development of infection in the resulting wound. it is prescribed only by the attending physician, it should be used especially carefully for the treatment of children under 7 years of age.

Sea buckthorn oil - high efficiency of the remedy is observed in the treatment of young children. You can achieve the most positive result by mixing sea buckthorn oil with encapsulated vitamins B12 and A.

Such vitamin complexes are used for applications, applying the agent to a cotton swab and applying it for 5 minutes to the affected area.

Eating and drinking is allowed one hour after the end of the procedure.

The main rule is do no harm!

There are remedies that should never be used for children's stomatitis.

Here it is worth highlighting drugs such as brilliant green and fukortsin, as well as honey.

Many parents mistakenly consider honey to be a completely safe natural antiseptic. Its use in the treatment of young children is not recommended due to the risk of developing a severe allergic reaction.

In addition, honey creates a favorable environment for the reproduction of staphylococcus, therefore, it can increase the manifestations of stomatitis.

With this pathology, the oral mucosa is severely irritated, as a result of which the use of alcohol tinctures in the form of fucorcin or brilliant green can lead to its burns and desiccation, which will only aggravate the situation.

Another disadvantage of fucorcin is the presence in its composition of phenol, which is dangerous for babies, which can cause poisoning and the development of allergies.

Effective treatment of stomatitis in children is possible only with the correct diagnosis and timely response to the situation. It is important to carry out therapy in a complex manner, without neglecting the procedures and recommendations of the doctor. Then the child will quickly recover, become active and cheerful again without negative consequences for the body.

Dr. Komarovsky will tell you popularly about stomatitis in children:

The mouth area is a very delicate and receptive mucous membrane. It can react to any irritants with various inflammatory processes. The appearance of white rashes - itchy pimples in the mouth occurs for various reasons. It happens that the sores disappear for a while, however, they soon appear again. Often they provoke the development of inflammation, can carry other negative consequences, and, of course, cause discomfort.

Before you start treating white sores, you need to understand the cause of their occurrence. Improper treatment significantly worsens the clinical picture and can drag on for a long time.

White sores in the mouth: causes.

These can be both external and internal factors.

Herpes stomatitis

The most common cause of their rash is herpes stomatitis.

Statistics show that 90% of people are carriers of this virus. He just might not make himself known for a long time. His awakening can be provoked by reduced immunity, various stressful situations, all kinds of viruses or hypothermia of the body.

Aphthous stomatitis

Aphthous stomatitis, when almost the entire mouth becomes inflamed: the sky, cheeks and even the tongue. This type of stomatitis is chronic and leaves scars behind.

Necrotizing periadenitis

At the very beginning, the sores are small seals, after which purulent abscesses appear.

Here are some more common reasons:

• Vitamin deficiency and decreased immunity.
• Wrong hygiene.
• Various injuries (often found in children) and burns.
• Unhealthy teeth.
• Inflammation of the gums.
• Smoking abuse.

Sometimes the cause of the appearance of sores can be identified by a doctor right at the consultation, and sometimes it is necessary to carefully examine and diagnose the whole organism.

Symptoms of sores in the mouth

It must be remembered that a white sore that has arisen due to a simple injury to the mouth is not contagious and does not pose any danger to others.

However, if various infectious diseases are the cause of its occurrence, one should be extremely careful, since these diseases can be transmitted by household and airborne droplets. Therefore, when the sores do not go away for more than two weeks and they become more and more, consult a specialist urgently, as in this case they are viral or infectious in nature and require serious treatment.

You can recognize an ulcer by the following symptoms:

• At the very beginning, reddening of the oral mucosa occurs.
• Itching appears on the inside of the lips, gums, tongue.
• The sensitivity of the mouth increases, chewing food becomes painful.
• A tubercle or a slight speck is formed, which quickly transforms into an ulcer.
• Pain may occur.
• The speck is covered with a white coating and increases in size.
• Around the spot, several more are formed, which eventually begin to merge. Scars appear on the rashes (with stomatitis).
• Intoxication leads to headaches.
• High body temperature. Chill and feverish condition.
• Nausea. Digestive disorder.

White sores in the mouth of a child

The appearance of sores in the mouth in children is usually associated with the penetration of various bacteria brought in by dirty hands. Therefore, it is necessary to instill in the child the habit of washing hands before eating and visiting the toilet and the street as early as possible.

White sores in a child are often accompanied by various diseases - herpes, food allergies, smallpox, etc. If such diseases recur, the doctor prescribes antihistamines and antibiotics.

Children are treated by rinsing with anti-inflammatory herbal decoctions (chamomile, sage, etc.). Often a pediatrician prescribes interferon or imudon to improve the protection of the oral mucosa. It is very important to give the child a vitamin complex during treatment in order to strengthen the immune system and prevent possible complications of the disease.

Sometimes parents can confuse sores in a child's mouth with a white coating with thrush. This disease is especially common among newborns. With thrush, the entire oral cavity is covered with plaque, or only part of it. Candidiasis in the mouth of a child may be accompanied by swelling and pain, it is difficult for a newborn to suck milk, as this causes severe pain.

In order for the irritation of the mucous membrane of the child not to develop even more, you should not give him hot and solid food, but only pureed. For a greater effect, you need to purchase a special ointment: "Oxolin", "Tebrofen", "Acyclovir", etc. Stomatitis is a very serious disease, as it entails a decrease in immunity in children. In such cases, treatment is carried out only under the supervision of a specialist.

In infants, fungal and candidal stomatitis is most common. With this disease, the oral cavity must be treated with a solution of soda and pimafucin. In addition, it is necessary to regularly lubricate the oral mucosa with clotrimazole or nystatin ointment. There is a complicated form of fungal stomatitis in infants, when treatment is impossible without the use of injections and antifungal drugs.

Treatment of white sores in the mouth in adults

It is necessary to choose treatment depending on the type of ulcers. If they have a gray or yellowish tint, this indicates some kind of intestinal disease. Self-treatment of sores in the oral cavity is possible, but it is better if a specialist does this. In the case of a mechanical injury in an adult due to poor-quality dentures or a chipped tooth, it is enough to eliminate the cause of the injury.

In other cases, treatment should be complex. It is necessary to carefully treat the affected areas and carry out a complete sanitation of the oral cavity. Sometimes there is a need to relieve pain. White sores that are on the inside of the cheek can be cured with various rinses or a properly selected ointment.

It is also necessary to take precautions during treatment: avoid irritation of the oral cavity; completely exclude the intake of solid, salty, spicy and acidic foods; also, you should not eat various berries and citrus fruits, as they are serious allergens. Treatment of white sores is a rather painful process. Before eating, it helps to relieve pain by rinsing with cool water.

Purulent white sores help remove the following drugs: Fluocinonide gel, which perfectly relieves swelling and pain (has contraindications); rinse liquid "Chlorhexidine Gluconate"; antihistamines - Tavegil, Suprastin; "Fenkarol" (desensitizer); propolis; vitamins C and R.

Folk remedies for mouth sores

1. An excellent remedy is rinsing with a solution of soda, salt and iodine. With their help, a complete disinfection of the oral cavity is carried out, and the reproduction of bacteria is also prevented.

2.Also excellent disinfectant rinse with hydrogen peroxide. However, in this case, you need to be extremely careful to avoid chemical burns.

3. You can treat wounds with tincture of calendula.

4. An excellent folk remedy is grated raw potatoes.

5. Rinse with a decoction of oak bark.

Shake half a glass of milk, 1 tsp. honey and yolk from one egg, then moisten a finger wrapped in gauze in the resulting solution and wipe the entire oral mucosa. You need to do this 3 times a day until complete recovery.

And here are some recipes that will help alleviate discomfort and disinfect the oral cavity:

• Add 1 egg white to 100 ml of boiled water, shake and rinse your mouth every 2 hours.
• prepare a mixture of yarrow juice and honey. Use inside for 3 tsp. daily for 3 weeks.
• mix chopped almonds with honey, then treat the sores.
• a decoction of the root of the cinquefoil - rinsing the mouth.
• crushed flowers of chamomile, linden and calendula mix and pour boiling water. The resulting infusion can be taken orally and rinse the mouth 4 times a day.

Prevention of mouth sores

• In order to prevent the appearance of sores in the oral cavity, it is necessary to cure all teeth.
• It is necessary to take a vitamin complex 2 times a year to strengthen immunity.
• Completely eliminate all foods that cause allergic reactions.
• No need to use antimicrobial balms and rinses.

What to do if a white sore is found in the mouth and how to treat the disease – consult a doctor or use folk recipes?

Solving this problem, we must not forget that even specialists, in order not to make a mistake with the diagnosis, have to do tests, examine patients using complex medical devices. It is impossible to determine on your own how dangerous a seemingly harmless sore is.

Description

White sores in the mouth cause discomfort, constantly remind of themselves. Because of the tiny wound, it is impossible to talk, eat, drink and smile without pain.

Unpleasant sensations in the mouth, the appearance of sores, require close attention due to the proximity of the brain.

They are most often located:

1. On the lower lip from the inside.
2. Under the tongue.
3. On the cheek.
4. Found on the palatine process.
5. In the throat.
6. On the mucous membrane of the gums.
7. At the corners of the mouth.
8. On the line of closing lips.

If a sore occurs, you should not postpone a visit to the dentist for a long time, he will prescribe treatment or refer you to another specialist.

The reasons

The causes of sores in the mouth can be:

• trauma;
• gum disease;
• dental problems;
• chronic focus of inflammation in the body.

Injuries

Injuries of the oral mucosa occur under the influence of irritants:

• mechanical;
• caustic chemicals;
• thermal.

A person can cause mechanical injury to himself by negligence when biting. The wound may also appear during dental treatment or surgical procedures. Mechanical damage also occurs with prolonged irritation by incorrectly placed crowns and dentures.

In infants, careless feeding can lead to trauma to the palatal mucosa and the formation of Bednar's aftam inside the mouth. This phenomenon also occurs in older children if they have a habit of holding a pencil or pen in their mouth.

A similar lesion of the palate occurs in adults, but the cause is already much more serious. Ulcers in the sky in adults are a sign of syphilis, or tuberculosis.

Stomatitis

Avitaminosis

A white sore in the mouth may also appear due to a lack of vitamins in the diet. It occurs when there is a lack of vitamins B 6, B 2, C, A, R.

You can compensate for them by correcting the diet and only if you adhere to proper nutrition.

infectious diseases

They can also be the result of an infection, which is manifested by ulceration of the oral mucosa. Such diseases include:

• diphtheria;
• chickenpox;
• syphilis;
• oral tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis of the mouth develops a second time, as a complication of tuberculosis of the lungs, bones. A tuberculous ulcer (chancre) occurs on the mucous, red border of the lips. First, small, painless, flat, yellowish-red bumps, about 3 mm in diameter, appear.

Over time, each tubercle, growing along the edges, connects with neighboring ones, forming a plaque. In the center, an ulcer is formed with a corroded edge, covered.

You can get infected through dental instruments in case of violation of the rules of sterilization, as well as through blood during medical procedures. With oral syphilis, one hard chancre usually develops.

This formation is located on the tongue, tonsils, palate, red border of the lips, gums. Hard chancre can have different appearances, but more often it is a rounded ulcer with raised edges, covered with a grayish coating.

Crayfish

Compared to other oncological diseases, oral cancer is rare, diagnosed more often in people who use tobacco by any means:

• smoking cigarettes, cigarettes, pipes, hookah;
• chewing nasvay, using chewing tobacco;
• with passive smoking.

• alcohol abusers;
• irrational eaters.

At this time, the seal does not cause discomfort and does not hurt. But as the tumor grows in size, there are difficulties with swallowing and chewing.

A photo

How to treat a white sore?

When a white sore appears in the mouth, you need to find out the cause of its formation and find out what to do in order to be cured by a doctor, and not by a neighbor who "also had it."

Before visiting the doctor, you can try to cope with the disease yourself. But you can not postpone a visit to the doctor for a long time if there is no improvement within 2-3 days.

Medical method

Rinsing the mouth with antiseptics:

• Chlorhexidine - a 0.05% solution is used;
• Miramistin - 0.01% solution;
• Furacilin - ready-made pharmacy solution without dilution;

When choosing a rinse solution, it is imperative to pay attention to the concentration of the active substance. With a high rate, you can get a burn of the oral mucosa, worsen the condition of the sore.

Chlorhexidine is considered the #1 antiseptic. Preparations with this compound are effective against most pathogenic bacteria, tubercle bacillus and herpes viruses.

For herpes, in addition to rinsing with chlorhexidine, you can use ointments, tablets with acyclovir (Zovirax preparations,).

Of the anti-inflammatory drugs used:

• Chlorophyllipt - alcohol infusion of eucalyptus leaves;
• Stomatofit - alcohol infusion of medicinal plants;
• Tantum Verde - contains benzydamine hydrochloride, alcohol.

Mouth ulcers can be treated with dental gels, Holisal is recommended for children. The gel, thanks to the water base, is well absorbed and retained on the gums, anesthetizing, eliminating bleeding and itching.

The dental gel Metrogyl also helps, but it cannot be used for a long time because of the risk of oral dysbacteriosis. The fact is that the composition of the gel includes chlorhexidine - a strong antiseptic with anti-inflammatory properties.

Solcoseryl gel, a dialysate prepared from the blood of calves, will help speed up the healing of sores. The gel has regenerating properties, improvement occurs after 3 procedures.

A positive effect in the treatment is provided by rinsing with decoctions, infusions of medicinal plants. These funds can be used for a short time and always remember the danger of an allergic reaction, especially in children.

Folk methods

Common folk recipes that are easy to prepare at home include the use of decoctions, infusions of calendula, chamomile, sage, oak bark. All these medicinal herbs have anti-inflammatory, aseptic effect, soothe discomfort in the mouth.

Decoctions of these herbs can be used as an additional treatment if the doctor does not forbid. It is dangerous to self-diagnose and choose a means of therapy - the brain is too close to the oral cavity.

The child has

A white sore in the baby's mouth may be a manifestation of measles, scarlet fever, diphtheria, chickenpox, Bednar's aphthae.

The intention to independently cope with the diagnosis and treatment of the baby is the risk of complications and loss of time.

Diet

In the diet you need to enter:

• vegetables - cauliflower, tomatoes;
• greens - spinach, parsley, onion;
• cereals - barley, wheat, oatmeal;
• fruits - apples, citrus fruits, grapes, plums;
• berries - rose hips, currants;
• legumes - beans, peas;
• walnut, hazelnut, almond, peanut;
• lean chicken, liver, beef, eggs;
• champignons;
• fish - mackerel, salmon.

Video: why sores appear in the mouth?

Prevention

A sore in the mouth may not appear if you follow preventive measures. This is easy to do if they are caused by a disorder, an allergy to toothpaste, or a vitamin deficiency. In this case, it is enough to balance the diet, pay attention to the composition of your usual toothpaste.

If the paste contains sodium lauryl sulfate, then it is possible that it is under the action of the paste that the mucous membrane dries out, which reduces its immunity and leads to aphthous stomatitis and the appearance of white sores.

It is more difficult to protect yourself from infection with the herpes virus, since the appearance of this infection occurs mainly through saliva. Parents need to follow the rules of hygiene, do not use the same dishes with the child.

According to statistics, every second person, including a child, has ulcers from time to time. This problem can also be treated at home. But if the wounds appear regularly, then this is a reason to see a doctor. In this case, we can talk about stomatitis - inflammation of the oral mucosa.

Mouth ulcers in adults

Stomatitis is manifested by the appearance on the lips, gums, cheeks, tongue, palate. Most often, the disease causes severe itching and redness in the affected area. Less often, edema is observed on.

It should be noted that with the disease there are difficulties with communication, and the process of chewing food worsens, which can lead to problems with the gastrointestinal tract. Therefore, treating wounds in the mouth should be mandatory.

Causes of ulcers

It should be noted that the presence of chicken pox, diphtheria, allergies can also cause wounds on the oral cavity.

Another factor contributing to the appearance of ulcers is breathing through the mouth. This cause leads to dryness, friability and bleeding from the oral cavity, which ensures the inability of the mucous membrane to perform its functions.

Separately, we should talk about the herpes virus. It occurs in children aged 1 to 3. During the period of illness, the child refuses to eat, is often naughty, and does not sleep well. The most common cause is severe pain in the mouth. Small blisters can be found on the mucous membrane, which after a while turn into sores.

Features of the treatment of ulcers in children

Treatment of mouth ulcers should be carried out without fail. First of all, you should find out the cause of the disease. So, if the appearance of wounds is associated with a lack of vitamins, then doctors prescribe special vitamin complexes (with a high content of iron, phosphorus, magnesium, vitamin B1, B12, C), as well as immunostimulating drugs.

If a white sore appears on the gum due to the presence of a viral disease, then in this case, an effective way is to rinse the mouth with a weak solution of potassium permanganate (potassium permanganate).

An excellent method in the fight against sores is rinsing the mouth with a decoction of sage, chamomile, plantain, succession, calendula, aloe juice solution. These herbs have excellent wound healing and disinfecting effects. To prepare a decoction for rinsing, take 1 tsp. means and pour one glass of boiling water. Infuse for about half an hour, then filter through cheesecloth and start rinsing.

It should be borne in mind that viral stomatitis is contagious, so all children's dishes should be thoroughly washed and poured over with boiling water.

It is necessary to treat a sore in the mouth in parallel with the use of drugs aimed at maintaining immunity and fighting infectious diseases.

Disease in children

Useful in this situation will be the use of drugs based on propolis. The mouth cavity is rinsed with a weak solution, and sores are cauterized with alcohol tincture.

If a child has a white sore in his mouth, then this is most likely thrush. Here, it is imperative to consult a pediatrician. You can treat a wound in your mouth with a soda solution. In a more difficult situation, the doctor prescribes "Pimafucin" and application to the mucous membrane.

As in other cases, it is mandatory to take drugs aimed at strengthening the immune system.

In severe conditions, the doctor will prescribe antifungal drugs, antibiotics, or injections.

The causes and treatment of mouth ulcers in a child can be different, for example, a defect in the teeth. In this case, at least 3 times a week visit the dentist.

If a child says that the sky in his mouth hurts, then this is most likely due to the presence of stomatitis. Therefore, the food given to the baby should be warm and crushed as much as possible. Do not forget about the use of vegetables and fruits, especially those that contain vitamin B1 (rose hips, persimmons, pineapple, peppers, carrots, spinach, beets), C (citrus fruits, carrots, parsley).

To anesthetize the damaged areas, the doctor will prescribe "Lidohrol gel 3%", "Vinilin", or "Oxolin".

Treatment of mouth ulcers in adults

A sore on the gum is treated in many ways. One of the most effective is rinsing with a solution of furacilin. For this, 2 tablets are dissolved in a glass of water and rinsed every hour throughout the day. For greater effect, a third of a teaspoon of salt and the same amount of soda are added to the solution. As a rule, within a day the disease begins to recede.

It will also be useful to rinse the mouth with herbs. For these purposes, calendula, chamomile, oak bark, thyme are suitable. 1 tsp means pour 150 ml of boiling water, insist, filter and rinse the oral cavity every two hours.

The ulcer is also cured by the use of ointments. The most effective is oxolinic. Sea buckthorn oil has a good wound healing effect.

If the sore on the gum (tongue, cheek, palate) is caused by the herpes virus, then preparations with, valacicrovil, famciclovir, etc., have proven themselves well.

Mandatory during the period of treatment is the use of immunostimulating agents.

(aphthous stomatitis) is also treated with medications. The most effective are: "Aktiferin", "Ferrum-lek".

At home, you can use a solution of hydrogen peroxide 3%, rivanol, a solution of potassium permanganate and a solution of furacilin.

For pain, take analgesics (novocaine solution, anesthesin ointment).

Remember:white spot on gum(cheek, tongue, palate) can heal for about 10 days. In more severe cases, recovery occurs after 2 weeks. If you do not engage in treatment, then the aphtha can turn into a scar.

Disease prevention

Treating a mouth ulcer in an adult is a must, but do not forget about preventive measures.

If the appearance of sores is caused by high acidity, then in this situation carbonated drinks, sour berries and fruits, hot spices and spices should be abandoned.

To avoid subsequent appearance of wounds, you should follow the basic rules of oral hygiene. Do not forget about quitting smoking. If such a problem bothers you regularly, then doctors recommend rinsing your mouth with a weak solution of salt and soda after each meal.

Stomatitis- a general term for all inflammatory processes on the oral mucosa. The process can spread to the mucous membrane of the tongue, palate, lips, cheeks. If the lesions are located in a limited area, then the disease may have other names:

• glossitis(inflammation in the tongue)
• palantitis(inflammation in the palate)
• gingivitis(inflammation of the mucous membrane of the gums)

Stomatitis is most common in childhood. Young children constantly put various objects in their mouths, taste them, while their immunity does not yet provide reliable protection against infections. Types of stomatitis

Types of stomatitis depending on the duration of the course

Acute stomatitis develops quickly and passes quickly (the specific time depends on the causes of the disease, see below). Usually, people who have had acute stomatitis have a higher predisposition to the recurrence of the disease.

Chronic stomatitis lasts a long time, is difficult to treat. In place of the old foci of inflammation, new ones constantly appear, dystrophy of the mucous membrane develops.

Types of chronic stomatitis

• Recurrent stomatitis. After some foci of inflammation on the mucous membrane pass, new ones appear in their place. Such relapses are noted constantly, for a long time. The disease usually proceeds in waves, with periods of exacerbations and improvement.


• Leukoplakia. A change in the oral mucosa, which occurs as a result of the chronic course of stomatitis and manifests itself in the form of keratinization foci.

Types of stomatitis depending on the elements that appear on the mucous membrane

Type of stomatitis	Signs and symptoms
Catarrhal stomatitis	Catarrhal stomatitis is a superficial lesion of the oral mucosa. Signs of catarrhal stomatitis: redness and swelling of the skin in the affected area; white plaque in the affected area; teeth marks on the gums, tongue; soreness during chewing food, a long conversation; halitosis- bad breath; increased salivation; general symptoms: malaise (most often mild), slightly elevated body temperature (usually not more than 37 ⁰C) for a long time.
Aphthous stomatitis	Aphthous stomatitis manifests itself in the form of aphthae - small ulcers on the mucous membrane, having rounded or oval contours. Manifestations of aphthous stomatitis depend on its variety.: Fibrinous aphthous stomatitis. Aphthae appear on the oral mucosa, covered with fibrin* a touch of grey. They usually heal in 1 to 2 weeks. 1 - 3 times in the first year there is a recurrence of the disease. Then relapses become more frequent. With a long course, aphthae appear on the mucous membrane constantly. Necrotizing aphthous stomatitis. Diagnosed with severe diseases. In parallel with the development of the inflammatory process, the death of mucosal cells occurs. Aphthae are painless, but gradually they increase in size and turn into ulcers. Their healing can last from 2 weeks to months. Glandular aphthous stomatitis. The development of the disease is associated with damage to small salivary glands, which are scattered throughout almost the entire mucous membrane of the oral cavity. Aphthae occur near the mouths of the ducts of these glands. They are painful, after healing, relapses often occur. Scarring aphthous stomatitis. A severe form of stomatitis, mainly affecting young people. First, aphthae appear on the mucous membrane. They increase in size and turn into ulcers up to 1.5 cm in diameter. After the ulcers heal, large scars remain on the mucous membrane. The healing process can take 3 months or more. Deforming aphthous stomatitis. The most severe form of stomatitis. Ulcers are large and heal very slowly. Large scars form, leading to deformations inside the oral cavity. * Fibrin is a protein responsible for the process of blood clotting.
Ulcerative gangrenous stomatitis	Severe damage to the oral mucosa. It is characterized by the formation of ulcers and the death of sections of the mucosa. Ulcers affect several layers of tissue, down to the bone. The disease is accompanied by a pronounced violation of well-being.

Types of stomatitis depending on the cause

Traumatic stomatitis

It develops as a result of trauma to the oral mucosa. It can be single, but most often stomatitis is caused by repeated damage to the mucous membrane, prolonged exposure.

The most common causes of traumatic stomatitis:

• sharp edges of teeth and their fragments, large carious cavities;
• wearing incorrectly installed crowns and prostheses, braces;
• chemical and thermal burns of the mucous membrane;
• the habit of constantly biting cheeks and lips;
• violations of the bite and shape of the teeth, leading to injury to the mucous membrane;
• thermal and chemical effects when eating too cold, hot, spicy food;
• constant and frequent consumption of solid foods that can damage the mucous membrane: gnawing seeds and nuts;
• smoking: irritation of the mucous membrane with tobacco smoke;
• traumatic stomatitis often develops in young children who put everything in their mouths.

Symptoms of traumatic stomatitis

In acute single injury, the disease most often occurs as catarrhal stomatitis. All symptoms pass quickly, within a few days. There is redness and swelling, soreness of the mucous membrane. Then they may appear erosion- superficial mucosal defects.

If the traumatic effect on the mucous membrane was short-lived, then stomatitis is often pumped by spontaneous recovery.

With prolonged injuries, an infectious process joins the irritation of the mucous membrane. The disease acquires a chronic course, accompanied by more pronounced symptoms, a violation of general well-being.

Chronic aphthous stomatitis

Chronic aphthous stomatitis is a disease, the causes of which are not yet well understood.

The alleged causes of the development of chronic aphthous stomatitis:

• adenoviruses(one of the types of viruses that cause acute respiratory infections)
• staphylococci from a special group - this theory considers the bacterial nature of the disease
• autoimmune reactions - pathological response of the immune system to foreign bodies that enter the oral cavity and come into contact with the mucous membrane
• immune disorders: it is believed that relapses of chronic aphthous stomatitis are associated with a weakening of certain parts of the immune system

Symptoms of chronic aphthous stomatitis

First, a red spot appears on the mucous membrane. It has a round or oval shape, about 1 cm in diameter. Within a few hours, edema forms at this site, and the spot rises above the surface of the mucous membrane. Then erosion occurs, which is covered with a gray fibrin coating. This is called aphtha.

To the touch, aphthae are soft and painful. If at the same time a large number of cells of the mucous membrane die, then a pronounced infiltrate (compaction) appears under the aphthae. Necrotic Masses(dead tissue) are on the surface of the aphtha in the form of a thick gray coating. Under it is an erosion or ulcer.

Sometimes chronic aphthous stomatitis is accompanied lymphadenitis- inflammation and enlargement of the lymph nodes. Rarely there is an increase in temperature.

After 2 - 3 days from the moment of occurrence of aphthae, all necrotic masses are rejected. After another 2-4 days, complete healing occurs.

Variants of the course of chronic aphthous stomatitis:

• the simultaneous appearance of a large number of aphthae, after which they heal
• aphthae appear within a few weeks paroxysmal: some elements disappear, after which others appear in their place
• aphthas appear one by one

Candidal stomatitis

Candidiasis stomatitis (in the common people - thrush) is a fungal disease that is caused by yeast-like fungi of the genus Candida albicans (in more rare cases, Candida tropicalis, Candida parapsilosis, Candida krusei and Candida glabrata fungi can cause the disease).

Causes of infection with the fungus Candida albicans:

• Reduced immunity in severe and frequent infectious pathologies, blood diseases, malignant tumors, AIDS. In people with normal immunity, fungal infections develop extremely rarely.
• Infant age. The immunity of an ore child is weak and not fully developed.
• Elderly age. In old age, a natural extinction of immune forces occurs, giving rise to the development of a large number of infections.
• HIV. This viral disease is accompanied by a strong decrease in the body's defenses. Candidiasis stomatitis is detected in 90% of patients with human immunodeficiency virus at the stage of AIDS.
• Diabetes. High levels of glucose in the blood create favorable conditions for the reproduction of fungi of the genus Candida.
• Dry mouth. Most often it develops as a result of improper use of various means for rinsing the mouth.
• Pregnancy. In pregnant women, the risk of developing candidal stomatitis is increased due to hormonal changes in the body.
• Wearing dentures, non-compliance with the rules of oral hygiene.
• Taking powerful antibiotics. Antibacterial drugs kill most of the bacteria that are natural competitors to Candida.
• Taking glucocorticoid sprays. Glucocorticoids are hormonal drugs, one of the effects of which is immune suppression. They are used in the form of sprays for bronchial asthma. Partially entering the oral cavity, glucocorticoids inhibit local defense reactions and promote the growth of fungi.

Symptoms of candidal stomatitis

Acute candidal stomatitis manifests itself in the form of a white plaque that covers the entire mucous membrane of the oral cavity. It is easy to detect during direct inspection. Plaque is easily removed with a cotton or gauze swab. Under it is an inflamed mucous membrane (red, swollen). Many patients with candidal stomatitis note pain, discomfort during meals. If a child has a disease, he becomes whiny, irritable.

Chronic candidal stomatitis is accompanied by burning sensation in the mouth and throat, difficulty swallowing. With a significant decrease in immunity, a fungal infection spreads to the larynx, pharynx, esophagus.

Herpetic stomatitis

Herpetic stomatitis is a viral infection caused by herpes viruses. Their transmission occurs by airborne droplets from infected people. Outbreaks of infection usually occur in the autumn and spring seasons. The disease is very common among children aged 1 to 3 years (this is exactly the age when maternal immunity in the child's body ceases to operate, and its own has not yet been developed).

Herpetic, or herpesvirus stomatitis can occur in two forms: acute and chronic.

Ill stages and I:

• incubation: the virus enters the body and begins to multiply in it, while there are no symptoms yet;
• prodromal: the initial stage, when an inflammatory process is already developing on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, but it is weakly expressed, there are no rashes;
• rash stage- characteristic elements appear on the mucous membrane;
• healing stage, when the rash disappears, the mucous membrane is restored;
• convalescence stage, or recovery.

The severity of herpetic stomatitis:

1. Light degree. Characteristic elements appear on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, but they are not accompanied by general disorders in the body.
2. Moderate severity. Manifestations in the oral cavity are accompanied by a violation of the general condition of the patient.
3. Severe degree characterized by severe symptoms.

Symptoms of herpetic stomatitis

First, herpetic stomatitis proceeds in a catarrhal form (see above). Then characteristic vesicles appear on the mucous membrane, which then leave erosion aphthae in their place. In severe cases of the disease, ulcers can form on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity.

General symptoms of herpetic stomatitis:

• increase in body temperature: depending on the severity of the disease, it can be subfebrile (no more than 37⁰C) or very high
• general malaise
• headache
• nausea and vomiting
• appetite and sleep disorders

Chronic herpesvirus stomatitis

Symptoms of vesicular stomatitis

The first symptoms of the disease occur 5-6 days after infection with the virus. At first, the patient is concerned about fever, chills, general malaise, weakness, headaches. Sometimes there are sore throats, runny nose, muscle pain. Therefore, at first, the course of the disease resembles a cold.
Then small painful blisters appear on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity. Inside them is a clear watery liquid. They open up and heal completely within a few days.

Enteroviral stomatitis

This type of stomatitis is caused enteroviruses. Pathogens can be transmitted from one person to another by airborne droplets, through food, common items, and water. Young children are most susceptible to pathology.

Symptoms of enteroviral stomatitis

The symptoms of the disease are quite characteristic and have received the figurative name "mouth-hand-foot". Characteristic rashes in the form of painful vesicles are found on the mucous membrane of the oral cavity, hands, feet. Often, patients are concerned about fever and other symptoms of a violation of general well-being.

Other viral stomatitis

Other types of viral stomatitis are most often not independent diseases, but manifestations of other diseases. Stomatitis is most often accompanied by: influenza, measles, chicken pox (chickenpox).

Bacterial stomatitis (staphylococcal and streptococcal)

Bacterial stomatitis is most often caused by bacteria that normally live in the oral cavity, but under certain circumstances can become pathogenic.

Factors contributing to the occurrence of streptococcal and staphylococcal stomatitis:

• injury to the oral mucosa: small scratches, wounds, cuts, etc.;
• carious cavities in the teeth;
• purulent process in the gum pockets;
• violation of the rules of asepsis and antisepsis during dental procedures and surgical interventions;
• a significant decrease in immunity.

Symptoms of staphylococcal and streptococcal stomatitis

Bacterial stomatitis can have varying degrees of severity. Sometimes they represent only a superficial inflammation of the mucous membrane, and sometimes a severe purulent process with a pronounced violation of the general condition of the patient (the so-called "oral sepsis").

The most common forms in which bacterial stomatitis occurs:

• Impetiginous stomatitis. The disease is initially streptococcal in nature, and then staphylococcus aureus is also found in the lesions. Most often, young children are affected. The disease manifests itself in the form of a formation on the oral mucosa erosion– surface defects. They have a grayish-yellow coating, which, when removed, is bleeding. With impetiginous stomatitis, ulcers often form on the gums.


• Erysipelas of the mucous membranes of the mouth (erysipelas). The disease is caused by streptococci. An inflammatory process develops, as a result of which the mucous membrane becomes swollen, painful, and raspberry-colored spots appear on it. There is increased bleeding. In a severe course of the disease, blisters, ulcers, and areas of tissue necrosis form on the mucosa. Erysipelatous inflammation of the mucous membranes is accompanied by a deterioration in the general well-being of the patient, an increase in body temperature. With a high activity of the infectious process and weak immune protection, a complication in the form of sepsis can develop.


• Seizures in the corners of the mouth. This condition can also be considered as a type of bacterial stomatitis. First, a small abscess appears in the corner of the mouth. It breaks through, and a sore remains in its place. In the future, if it is injured, it does not heal, but turns into a crack that passes to the mucous membrane of the cheek.

Allergic stomatitis

Allergic stomatitis is a large group of diseases that are united by a common origin: they develop as a result of autoimmune reactions.

Varieties of allergic stomatitis:

• chronic aphthous stomatitis (see above);
• exudative erythema multiforme;
• allergic stomatitis;
• dermatostomatitis: autoimmune diseases that affect different organs, leading to the development of stomatitis and dermatitis.

Exudative erythema multiforme

In this autoimmune disease, damage to the oral mucosa occurs in 60% of patients.

Symptoms of allergic stomatitis caused by exudative erythema multiforme:

• the disease begins with redness and swelling of the mucous membrane;
• then blisters filled with a clear liquid appear at the sites of the lesion; they burst, leaving erosion in their place;
• erosion is covered with a purulent or bloody crust, gradually heals;
• during the appearance of erosion, the patient experiences general weakness, malaise, and body temperature rises.

Usually, after 1-3 weeks, all symptoms of the disease disappear.

Dermatostomatitis

Dermatostomatitis is an autoimmune disease that affects various organs, including the skin and mucous membranes.

Autoimmune diseases that can be complicated by stomatitis:

• systemic lupus erythematosus
• scleroderma
• pemphigus
• psoriasis
• lichen planus

Each pathology is characterized by its own symptoms and specific lesions of the mucous membrane.

Allergic stomatitis

Actually allergic stomatitis is a common allergy that develops as a result of contact of the oral mucosa with certain substances. Most often, drugs and materials used in dentistry act as allergens.

Types of allergic stomatitis:

• fixed- damage to the mucous membrane always develops in the same place;
• common- all mucous membranes of the oral cavity are affected.

Allergic stomatitis can occur in any form (see above): catarrhal, aphthous, or with the formation of ulcers.

Treatment methods for stomatitis

Drug therapy for stomatitis

A drug		Purpose of appointment		Mode of application
Traumatic stomatitis
Washing the oral cavity with neutralizing solutions for chemical burns in order to prevent stomatitis.		It is used for chemical burns of the oral mucosa. If the burn is caused by acid, then alkali solutions are used. In alkaline burns, on the contrary, acid solutions are used.		Acid burns: rinse the mouth with a 15% solution ammonia(15 drops of ammonia diluted in a glass of water); wash your mouth with soapy water. When burned with alkalis: rinse the mouth with 0.5% vinegar solution; rinse the mouth with 0.5% citric acid solution.
Antibiotics for stomatitis
Drugs from the grouppenicillins: ampicillin; amoxicillin; amoxiclav; phenoxymethylpenicillin. Preparations from the group of cephalosporins: cefazolin ceftriaxone cefuroxime Gramicidin (syn. Grammidin, Grammidin C). Other antibacterial drugs.	Antibiotics in tablets or solutions for injection are prescribed for a fairly severe course of stomatitis. There are many groups of antibacterial drugs, the specific one is selected depending on the type of infection. The appointment can only be carried out by a doctor, since complications are possible with improper self-medication.		The main condition for the use of antibiotics is the intake strictly according to the schedule, at regular intervals.
Astringents for stomatitis
Tannin	Tannin interacts with the mucous membrane and contributes to the formation of a film on its surface that protects the nerve endings from irritation. Has anti-inflammatory properties.		Tannin is available in powder form. To prepare a mouthwash solution, dissolve 1-2 g of powder in 100 ml of water. Rinse your mouth with stomatitis 1 - 3 times a day as prescribed by a doctor.
Healing and other drugs for stomatitis
Solcoseryl(in the form of dental paste).	Solcoseryl is obtained from the blood of young calves. The drug stimulates cell reproduction and tissue regeneration.		Dental paste is applied to the affected areas of the mucous membrane 3-4 times a day. Release form: Paste in tubes (tubes) of 5 g. Side effects: People suffering from allergic reactions should use solcoseryl dental paste with caution.
Chlorhexidine preparations: Lizoplak Sebidin	Chlorhexidine is one of the most powerful antiseptics. It is widely used for stomatitis and other dental diseases of an infectious and inflammatory nature.		Lizoplak Compound: Dental gel, used for rinsing the mouth. The main active ingredient is chlorhexidine. Additional components: sodium borate, dimethicone, sodium citrate. Mode of application: Rinse your mouth with gel 2-3 times a day. Sebidin Compound: Tablets containing chlorhexidine and ascorbic acid (vitamin C). Mode of application: Tablets dissolve in the mouth during the day, every 2 hours.
Pyromecaine ointment with methyluracil.	Pyromecaine is an anesthetic (a drug similar in structure and mechanism of action to novocaine). Methyluracil is a drug that stimulates regeneration processes in cells and tissues. The ointment is used for stomatitis, accompanied by severe pain.		Release form: Pyromecaine ointment is available in tubes of 30 g. Mode of application: Apply the ointment to the gums 1-2 times a day for 2-5 minutes. Do not apply more than 1 g of ointment once.
Antiseptic mouthwash solutions for stomatitis
Lysoamidase	An enzyme preparation that has the ability to destroy pathogenic bacteria. It is used for stomatitis of bacterial origin.		Release form: Powder, to which a vial with a special solvent is attached. Mode of application: Dilute the powder in a solvent and rinse your mouth 2 times a day for 10 minutes. Side effects: When rinsing the mouth with lysamidase, a burning sensation often occurs. It passes on its own.
Hydrogen peroxide	A powerful oxidizing agent, which is an effective antiseptic.		For rinsing the mouth, a 0.2 - 0.3% solution of hydrogen peroxide is used. In pharmacies, you can usually buy a solution of 3%. To obtain the desired concentration, dilute 1 teaspoon of pharmacy solution in a glass of water. Attention: rinsing the mouth with hydrogen peroxide solutions of too high concentration can lead to chemical burns of the mucous membrane.
Etonony	A medicinal substance with properties antiseptic(means that destroy pathogens) and anesthetic(painkiller). Ethonium is most effective against staphylococci and streptococci.		The drug is available in the form of a powder. For use in stomatitis, a 0.5% solution is prepared. They moisten cotton or gauze swabs, apply them to the affected area.
Bicarmint	The main active ingredient of the drug is sodium tetraborate. Is antiseptic.		Release form: Tablets that contain sodium tetraborate, peppermint, menthol, sodium bicarbonate(soda). Mode of application: Dissolve 1-2 tablets in half a glass of water. The resulting solution is used for rinsing the mouth with stomatitis.
Yodovidone	Antiseptic property, which includes iodine. It is prescribed for stomatitis of bacterial origin. Especially active against Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Proteus.		Release form: Iodovidone is available in vials of different volumes, in the form of a 1% solution. Mode of application: Dilute 1 teaspoon of the solution in half a glass of warm water. Rinse your mouth several times a day, as directed by your doctor. Contraindications: Hypersensitivity of the patient's body to iodine.
Furacilin	One of the most popular antiseptics. It is widely used for washing wounds, rinsing the mouth, washing the paranasal sinuses with sinusitis, instillation into the eyes and washing them with conjunctivitis.		Release forms that are used for stomatitis: aqueous solution in vials, 0.02% tablets for dissolution in water, 0.02 gr. How to use: rinse your mouth with a solution of furacilin 3 times a day or more often, depending on the doctor's prescription dissolve the tablets in water (at the rate of 1 tablet per 100 ml of water), rinse your mouth throughout the day in the same way as with a regular solution Contraindications: Furacilin is contraindicated in patients with allergic dermatoses (damage to the skin and mucous membranes).
Sprays for stomatitis
Bioparox	The main component of the spray is the antibacterial drug fusafungin. It has a pronounced anti-inflammatory and antibacterial action.		Irrigate the mucous membrane of the oral cavity twice a day.
Tantum Verde	A drug with anti-inflammatory and analgesic effect. It is safe, therefore it is widely used in young children.		Irrigate the lesions in the oral cavity with a spray several times a day, as directed by a doctor.
Ingalipt	Inhalipt includes antibacterial drugs, pepper heel leaf oil, eucalyptus oil. Effective in aphthous and ulcerative stomatitis.		Rinse your mouth with warm boiled water. Irrigate the affected areas of the oral mucosa with an inhalipt spray from a can for 1 to 2 seconds. Multiplicity of application - 3 - 4 times a day.
Pro-ambassador	A drug based on propolis, includes ethyl alcohol and glycerin. It has anti-inflammatory and antibacterial properties.		Irrigate the oral cavity with Proposol 2-3 times a day, as prescribed by the doctor.

Treatment of stomatitis of infectious origin is carried out with drugs that are generally used for these infections. So, with candidal stomatitis, antifungal agents are prescribed (in the form of ointments, tablets and injections), with herpesvirus - antiviral, etc.

Alternative methods of treatment of stomatitis **

Tincture of calendula

For rinsing the mouth with stomatitis, alcohol tincture of calendula is used in a ratio of 1:10. The flowers of this plant have an antiseptic and anti-inflammatory effect. A teaspoon of tincture should be diluted before use in a glass of water. Rinse your mouth 3-4 times a day, depending on the doctor's prescription.

Alcohol tincture of calendula is sold in pharmacies in bottles of 40 and 50 ml.

Hypericum tincture

St. John's wort has long been known to folk medicine as an effective astringent and enveloping agent. In the treatment of stomatitis, a tincture of flowers is used in 40% alcohol in a ratio of 1:5. Sold in a pharmacy in bottles.
In order to prepare a solution for rinsing, 30 - 40 drops of St. John's wort tincture are dissolved in one glass of water.

Infusion of sage leaves

Sage leaves are harvested throughout the summer. The plant grows in many regions of Russia; you can buy ready-made medicinal raw materials in filter bags. Pouring sage have a pronounced anti-inflammatory effect and contain tannins.

Preparation of infusion of sage leaves: Dissolve 1 tablespoon of dried leaves in a glass of boiling water, cool, decant. Rinse your mouth throughout the day as directed by your doctor.

Oak bark

The bark of young thin oak branches, collected in early spring, has medicinal properties. Decoctions are prepared from it in a ratio of bark and water of 1:10, with which they then rinse their mouths throughout the day. Oak bark is sold in pharmacies in finished dried form in boxes.

Kalanchoe juice

Contains components that have an anti-inflammatory effect, helping to cleanse ulcers from pus and dead tissue, accelerating the healing process. For the treatment of stomatitis, Kalanchoe juice is used in the form of applications - cotton or gauze swabs moistened with cotton are applied to the affected areas. Pharmacies sell a ready-made alcohol solution of Kalanchoe juice.

eucalyptus leaves

The plant contains a large number of antiseptics.
Preparation of decoction for rinsing the mouth. Take 10 g of dried eucalyptus leaves. Pour in a glass of water and boil. Cool down, drain. To rinse, dilute a spoonful of the resulting broth in a glass of water. For convenience, dried leaves are sold in pharmacies in briquettes.

With stomatitis, eucalyptus oil can be used. It is diluted in a glass of water in an amount of 10 - 15 drops.

Propolis

It is a product of beekeeping. It consists of a large number of components that have anti-inflammatory, antiseptic, healing effects. In pharmacies, propolis can be purchased in the form of an alcohol tincture of 10% (in 80% ethyl alcohol).

For use in stomatitis, 15 ml of alcohol tincture of propolis is diluted in half a glass or in a whole glass of water. Rinse your mouth 3-4 times a day. The total duration of propolis treatment is 4-5 days.

When are antibiotics prescribed for stomatitis? What antibacterial drugs should be taken?

There is only one indication for prescribing antibiotics for stomatitis: the presence of an infectious process.

Drugs used for stomatitis of infectious origin:

• bacterial infection(staphylococcal, streptococcal, etc.): antibacterial drugs are used, in accordance with the type of pathogens;
• infectious process as a complication traumatic, allergic and other stomatitis: antibacterial drugs are used;
• candidal stomatitis: antifungal drugs are used;
• enteroviral, vesicular and other viral stomatitis: Appropriate antiviral drugs are used.

It is worth remembering that self-treatment with antibacterial drugs for stomatitis is unacceptable. Antibiotics should be prescribed only by a doctor, after the fact of the presence of an infection and the susceptibility of pathogens to certain drugs has been established.

With improper self-treatment with antibiotics, the effect of the use of drugs is reduced, complications may develop.

Can furatsilin be used for stomatitis?

Furacilin solution is used for many types of stomatitis. It has antiseptic properties, therefore it helps to fight infection, or prevents its occurrence (with traumatic, allergic stomatitis, etc.).

Furacilin can be purchased at a pharmacy in two dosage forms:

• tablet form. Preparation of a rinse solution: crush two tablets and dissolve in a glass of water (stir well, as furatsilin dissolves with difficulty).
• In vials, in the form of a ready-made solution for rinsing.

Is it possible to treat stomatitis with Zelenka?

Zelenka is not used to treat stomatitis:

• brilliant green is far from always effective in infectious and inflammatory diseases of the oral mucosa;
• this remedy can have a damaging effect on the mucous membrane of the mouth;
• today there is a large arsenal of more effective and safer means.

Is stomatitis contagious?

A very topical issue, especially for family members and in children's groups. So, almost any stomatitis is contagious to others, because the main cause of this disease are viruses, fungi and bacteria. The routes of transmission and the degree of contagiousness (contagiousness) for different types of stomatitis are different. Let's figure out how each individual type of stomatitis is transmitted.

Table.Ways of transmission of stomatitis and the degree of contagiousness.

Type of stomatitis	Transmission routes	Degree of contagiousness
Viral stomatitis, except for the disease caused by the herpes simplex virus: enteroviruses; influenza, parainfluenza and others.	Main route: airborne - when coughing, talking, sneezing Together with saliva and mucus, viruses are also released, this mixture is suspended in the air for some time in the form of aerosols. Less significant ways: contact household - through household items, dirty hands and so on. alimentary - through food, water (for enteroviruses).	Very high degree of contagion for people who do not have specific immunity against these viral infections (which was formed as a result of a previous illness or vaccination).
Stomatitis caused by herpes simplex virus types 1 and 2, as well as cytomegalovirus	Contact household way - through dishes, dirty hands, personal hygiene items and other household items, kisses. Sexual way - with vaginal, anal and oral sexual contact, Transplacental path from mother to child, as well as through breast milk. airborne way transmission of this infection is rare.	High degree of contagiousness , especially for: young children; people with reduced immunity; persons who do not have antibodies to herpes infection.
Vesicular stomatitis	The transmission route is through insect bites.	For the surrounding people sick not contagious.
Bacterial stomatitis	Contact-household way.	The average degree of contagion, especially for people with injuries of the oral mucosa.
Fungal (candidiasis) stomatitis	Contact-household way.	Average degree of contagiousness , high degree of contagiousness for: young children; persons with reduced immunity; people with injuries of the oral mucosa.
Traumatic stomatitis	-	Such stomatitis is not contagious , but when infecting wounds in the mouth, contagiousness depends on the type of pathogen.
allergic stomatitis, Dermatostomatitis, erythema multiforme	-	Not contagious.
Aphthous stomatitis	Possible contact-household way.	Low infectivity , depends on the reasons for the development of this type of stomatitis.

In any case, when detecting stomatitis in a children's team or family, it is necessary to adhere to all personal hygiene and prevention measures:

• regular hand washing;
• daily oral care: brushing teeth, rinsing and so on;
• use of separate dishes;
• temporary refusal of kisses;
• for children - do not take other people's toys;
• use of separate towels, bed linen, personal hygiene products;
• household items, personal hygiene items, dishes, linen, toys should be disinfected: boiling, ironing, quartzing, use of disinfectants;
• maintaining immunity in good condition.

How does stomatitis affect immunity and vice versa? How does stomatitis with HIV proceed?

Stomatitis, especially herpetic or fungal stomatitis, is the first call to a poor state of the immune system. Mouth ulcers can hide severe pathologies, such as HIV, congenital immunodeficiencies, oncological pathologies, tuberculosis, and others. Especially it is necessary to be afraid of recurring or recurrent stomatitis .

And the risk of contracting any type of infectious stomatitis is high, mainly in the risk group, that is, in people with reduced immune forces.
Children have imperfect, not yet fully formed immunity. Already “tired”, exhausted immunity is typical for older people. That's why children under 5 and people over 60 often suffer from stomatitis .

But not only immunity affects the development and course of stomatitis. So, some types of stomatitis have a negative effect on the body's defenses. As you know - herpes, cytomegalovirus, adenovirus, fungi "cut immunity", and not only local, in the oral cavity, but also systemic. And bacterial stomatitis disrupts the microflora of the oral cavity, which protects not only the oral cavity, but also the respiratory tract. Also, bacteria and viruses often affect the lymph nodes - immune organs - tonsils, sublingual, cervical and other types of lymph nodes.

As a conclusion stomatitis is an immunocompetent disease.

Another striking example of the interdependence of stomatitis and immunity is peculiarity of stomatitis in HIV-positive patients:

• stomatitis almost always accompanies HIV-infected patients have a chronic course with constant exacerbations and relapses, there may not be remission at all;
• according to the condition of the oral mucosa judge whether there are indications for HIV testing and the stage of HIV/AIDS;
• often found chronic aphthous stomatitis ;
• people with HIV usually have stomatitis affects most of the mucous membrane of the mouth, tongue, lips ;
• often meets combined types of stomatitis: fungal, herpetic, bacterial;
• cytomegalovirus stomatitis with HIV can lead to the death of the patient, even if he is taking antiretroviral therapy;
• These patients are characterized necrotic-ulcerative lesion of the oral mucosa and gums, bleeding gums, periodontitis, progressive caries, as a result - suppuration of the teeth and their rapid loss, damage to the bone structures of the jaws is possible.

Changes in the oral cavity, in which it is recommended to be tested for HIV infection (HIV indicators):

• Availability generalized lesions of all structures of the oral cavity (cheeks, upper and lower palate, tongue, gums, teeth), the presence of total periodontitis;
• chronic and long-term stomatitis (usually fungal), not amenable to treatment with standard treatment regimens;
• the presence of leukoplakia - keratinization of the oral mucosa;
• having a hairy tongue (hairy leukoplakia) - keratinization of the papillae of the tongue as a result of prolonged exposure to fungal flora, the papillae resemble hairs;
• Availability warts and papillomas in the oral cavity;
• herpes zoster in the mouth – herpes zoster , which, in addition to the mucous membrane, affects the nerve fiber, is characterized by bubble rashes in the upper or lower palate and severe pain, pain often requires strong analgesics, up to narcotic drugs;
• Kaposi's sarcoma - a malignant formation of lymphatic vessels, in the oral cavity it can be located on the palate, tongue, gums, they look like bright red or brown nodes that increase, then painful ulcers form in their place.

A photo : manifestations of HIV infection on the oral mucosa.

A photo: Kaposi's sarcoma in the mouth of an AIDS patient.

Of course, these diseases of the oral cavity are not 100% diagnosed with HIV, but in 75% of cases of such pathologies, a positive result of an ELISA blood test for HIV is obtained. Without tests, such a diagnosis is not made.

Treatment of stomatitis in HIV-positive people long-term, aimed at the pathogen (antifungal, antibacterial, antiviral drugs). But without the correction of immunity, that is, without antiretroviral therapy (HAART), etiotropic treatment is unsuccessful. But with the appointment of adequate HAART and its regular intake, stomatitis often disappears within a month.

For the prevention of stomatitis in HIV-positive individuals recommended prophylactic administration of Fluconazole, Co-trimoxazole and Azithromycin.

Stomatitis in infants (under 1 year) and young children (ages 1 to 5 years), what are the features, signs and symptoms?

Children of early and preschool age are more likely to get stomatitis, such is the age-related feature of their immune system and habits of tasting everything and not washing their hands. Given children's immunity, stomatitis under the age of 5 years has its own characteristics of the course.

Stomatitis in children older than 5 years proceeds in the same way as in adults.

Types of stomatitis most common in children under 5 years of age:

1. Viral herpetic stomatitis- most common in children aged 1 to 5 years, which is associated with the first meeting of children's immunity with a herpes infection, such a "debut" of herpes. As a result of such stomatitis in children, antibodies (immunoglobulins G) to the herpes simplex virus are formed, which protect the body from the recurrence of herpes, because this virus does not go anywhere, but “dozes” in the body for almost all its life. Repeated herpetic eruptions on the lips, face, in the oral cavity (relapses and exacerbations) in such children are possible only with a decrease in protective forces, for example, after the flu or stress. Particularly severe herpetic stomatitis occurs in infants, while the rash spreads beyond the oral cavity to the skin of the lips and face, dangerous complications associated with lesions of the central nervous system.

2. Candidiasis or fungal stomatitis - typical for children from birth to 3 years. The development of such stomatitis is associated with a violation of the normal microflora of the oral cavity, that is, a lack of “good” bacteria, the ingress of fungi through nipples, pacifiers, milk, mammary glands. In children under the age of one month, the microflora is generally only populated. A good nutrient medium for mushrooms is milk - the main food of children under 3 years old. Taking antibiotics is a common cause of candidal stomatitis.

3. Bacterial stomatitis- more common in children older than 1 year, bacterial inflammation develops against the background of traumatic stomatitis. The mucous membrane of the mouth in babies is very thin and delicate, and is injured by both high and low temperatures, toys, fingers. There are always bacteria in the mouth, this is normal, but if there are wounds, these bacteria cause bacterial ulcerative stomatitis.

Also for children acute types of stomatitis are characteristic . Chronic stomatitis develops in children with poor immunity and in dysfunctional families in which basic hygiene rules are not observed.

Signs and symptoms of stomatitis in children.

Children who do not know how to speak naturally do not complain. Yes, and parents cannot immediately understand that the baby has stomatitis, changes in the oral cavity are often detected a few days after the onset of the disease.

The onset of stomatitis, how to suspect this disease in a baby?

• The disease begins acutely, sometimes even suddenly;
• the baby is naughty, screaming for no apparent reason;
• sleeps badly;
• the child may be lethargic, apathetic;
• puts his fingers in his mouth, while being nervous;
• there is increased salivation;
• body temperature rises, often up to 40 0 ​​С;
• refuses to eat, and is naughty during meals;
• children who love pacifiers suddenly refuse them;
• frequent loose stools are possible, especially with fungal stomatitis;
• possible vomiting;
• in severe cases, the lymph nodes of the neck may increase.

By the way, many mothers often associate such symptoms with painful teething! You can not do without an examination of the oral cavity.

How to identify stomatitis in the oral cavity in a child?

Of course, it is better to consult a pediatrician. But the mother herself can see the sores in the mouth of the child. To do this, you need to take a spoon or a disposable spatula (you can buy it at a pharmacy), and carefully examine the oral cavity in the following sequence:

• all surfaces of the tongue;
• hard palate - the upper surface of the oral cavity;
• soft palate - under the tongue;
• inner surfaces of the cheeks;
• inner surfaces of the lips, gums;
• then, pressing a little on the upper surface of the tongue, examine the palatine arches and the back wall of the pharynx (simply speaking, the throat), it must be remembered that sores of stomatitis can be localized on the tonsils .

It is necessary to examine in good light, for this it is better to use a small flashlight.

The procedure for the baby is of course unpleasant, so it is very important to distract him at this time, and if it doesn’t work out, then let him cry a little, it is much easier to assess the state of the mucous membrane during a cry.

But you need to be very careful, because in children with good immunity, the sore in the mouth can be the only and small size, it is not always easy to see, but at the same time, intoxication can be quite pronounced.

Photo: herpetic stomatitis in a child, the sore is located on the inner surface of the mucous membrane of the upper lip.

Photo: candidal stomatitis in a child, in this case, the changes are more common on the surface of the tongue - that is, it has developed fungal glossitis .

Photo: streptoderma of the skin of the face and bacterial stomatitis in a child caused by streptococcal infection.

Can sores with stomatitis in a child bleed?

With stomatitis, the mucous membrane of the structures of the oral cavity is affected, which in children is very thin and delicate. In a severe course of the disease, sections of the mucous membrane are destroyed, and blood vessels are also involved in the inflammatory process, which can bleed.

So, herpetic stomatitis is characterized by the formation of bubbles that open, and in their place aphthae are formed - bleeding sores. And with fungal stomatitis, a white or gray coating forms, after removing which you can also see a bleeding surface. There is almost always bleeding when gums are affected by stomatitis.

Bleeding indicates the severity of stomatitis. Also, this symptom is often accompanied by an unpleasant, sometimes even putrid breath.

The principles of treatment of stomatitis with bleeding are the same as for stomatitis without this symptom. You can add funds that strengthen the walls of blood vessels and hemostatic drugs (vitamins A, E, C, Vikasol, calcium gluconate, aminocaproic acid).

Treatment of stomatitis in children under 5 years of age. How to treat stomatitis in children under 1 year old?

In childhood, the choice of drugs for the treatment of stomatitis is somewhat limited, which is associated with the risks of developing side effects, allergic reactions, the inability to use rinses, and in children under 2 years old, oral sprays are not recommended, such forms of drugs can lead to spasm of the larynx or bronchi.

Medications and treatment of the oral cavity for stomatitis in children under 5 years of age.

Type of stomatitis	A drug		How is it applied?*
Herpetic (viral) stomatitis: in children under one year old	Herpetic stomatitis in infants, it is very dangerous for its complications, since the herpes virus affects the nervous system and can cause viral encephalitis, life-threatening and leading to disability. Therefore, herpetic stomatitis in infancy, in most cases, requires hospitalization in a hospital, where they will carry out powerful antiviral and detoxification therapy (various injections, including drip ones).
in children older than 1 year and up to 5 years	Antiviral drugs: Acyclovir ointment 5%, Antiviral drugs by mouth used in severe and recurrent herpes: Aciclovir tablets 200 mg	Ointment: A thin layer lubricates the affected areas every 4-5 hours. Tablets Acyclovir 200 mg: ½ tablet for children 1-2 years old and 1-2 tab. for children over 2 years old.
	Herbal decoctions: chamomile; sage; Oak bark; calendula. Herbal tinctures: Rotokan; Stomatofit. Healing agents: rosehip oil; sea ​​buckthorn oil; tea tree oil; eucalyptus oil and others.	Treat the oral cavity every 4-5 hours, combining the types of products.
	Vitamins: oil vitamins A and E; solution for injection of vitamin B 12.	Lubricate the oral mucosa 2 times a day.
	Painkillers: Dentol Baby; ointment Lidocaine 1%; Calgel and other gels that are used for pain relief during teething in babies.	You can process no more than 6 times a day and no more than 1 time per hour.
Candidiasis (fungal) stomatitis:	A solution of baking soda.	1 teaspoon of soda per 100 ml of boiled water. Treat after every meal. Also, nipples, bottles, toys can be treated with the same solution.
	Candide solution (clotrimazole)	10-20 drops on a sterile cotton swab, process 3 times a day.
	Holisal (pain reliever, antiseptic, antifungal and anti-inflammatory effect).	A strip of ointment 5 mm long is applied to the oral mucosa 2-3 times a day.
	Antifungal drugs inside, indications: Severe course of fungal stomatitis; spread of infection outside the oral cavity; lack of positive results of local therapy within 3 days; the presence of immunodeficiency states.	Fluconazole (syrup, tablets): 6-12 mg per 1 kg of body weight per day. Be wary assigned to children under one month of age. Nystatin: up to 1 year - 100,000 IU 3-4 times a day, 1-3 years - 250,000 IU 3-4 times a day, 3-5 years - 250,000 - 500,000 IU 3-4 times a day.
	Furacilin	1 tablet per 100 g of boiling water, cool and treat the oral cavity 2-3 times a day.
	Vinylin	For external use 2-3 times a day.
	Methylene blue, aqueous solution	Treat the entire oral cavity 1-2 times a day.
	Linex	Open 1 capsule of the drug and pour it into the child's mouth, the baby will distribute the drug throughout the oral cavity. The "good" bacteria will fight the fungus.
	Chamomile decoction	1 st. a spoonful of herbs for 200.0 ml of boiling water and for 15 minutes in a water bath.
	decoctions of herbs; healing oils; Vitamins. More details in the previous section of the table.

*All procedures for treating the oral cavity with stomatitis are carried out after eating, and 1-2 hours before the next meal and water.
For this procedure, sterile cotton swabs and a small amount of the product are used. Using a finger or special tweezers, all surfaces of the oral cavity are treated, starting with healthy areas, then the swab is changed and the damaged areas of the mucous membranes are lubricated. The movements should be gentle and less traumatic. The use of gauze fabric, bandages is unacceptable, it will harm the delicate mucous membrane of the mouth.

Treatment of stomatitis should be complex and consist of several types of treatment of the oral cavity, both etiological (against the pathogen), and anti-inflammatory and healing. The main thing is to distribute all these procedures correctly and evenly throughout the day. It is important to clean the oral cavity after meals and sugary drinks.

The diet in the treatment of any stomatitis should be sparing, it is necessary to exclude irritating foods and drinks.

• Stomatidin – possible from 4 years old;
• Sodium tetraborate (Borax), Bicarmit - effective, but possible severe side effects that threaten the life of the child, it is possible from the age of 18;
• Hexoral – recommended from 6 years old;
• Metrogil Denta - contraindicated in children under 14 years of age;
• Boric acid 2% - contraindicated in children under one year of age;
• Yodovidone - not recommended for children under 8 years old;
• Bioparox – not recommended for children under 2.5 years;
• Ingalipt, Tartum Verde and many other sprays - for children over 3 years old;
• Solcoseryl - from 18 years old;
• Chlorophyllipt oil solution - not recommended for children under 10 years old;
• Lugol's solution on glycerin - not recommended for children under 5 years old, and for older children should be used with caution, as it can lead to burns of the oral mucosa;
• Holisal - Suitable for children over 1 year old
• Mouth rinse - difficult in children's practice.

How long is stomatitis in children treated?

Acute stomatitis in children is treated for 5 to 14 days, while chronic stomatitis can be treated for months, especially if it has developed against the background of immunodeficiency (for example, with HIV).

How to cure stomatitis in children older than 5 years?

Treatment of stomatitis in children older than 5 years is basically the same as in adults, except for those drugs that are contraindicated in a certain age category.

The temperature with stomatitis in a child and an adult, what is it like, how many days does it last and how to bring it down?

An increase in body temperature with any stomatitis is a fairly common occurrence. Especially this symptom depends on the age of the patient - the younger the child, the higher the body temperature and the longer it lasts. Also, the symptom of high temperature is more characteristic of acute forms of stomatitis; in chronic stomatitis, the temperature may remain normal.

In young children, stomatitis is always accompanied by a very high body temperature, up to 40 0 ​​C, and it is this symptom that worries the mother and child the most.

Why does body temperature rise with stomatitis?

Inflammation in stomatitis contributes to the violation of the integrity of the oral mucosa, since this membrane is thin and delicate, especially in children. This is characterized by the appearance of ulcers, aphthae, herpetic vesicles, raids. In this case, the waste products of infectious pathogens, the decay products of destroyed tissues enter the bloodstream. Temperature is a protective reaction of the body that destroys these foreign agents. During this time, the body finds and sends the necessary immune cells to the site of inflammation.

4. Infectious diseases that reduce immunity :

• flu;
• childhood infections;
• Epstein-Barr virus and other herpetic diseases;
• tuberculosis;
• syphilis and other sexually transmitted diseases.

5. Hormonal imbalance (sex hormones, insulin, thyroid hormones, and so on).

6. Permanent trauma to the oral mucosa:

• uncomfortable dentures;
• alcohol abuse;
• the habit of eating hot, cold, sour, spicy, rough or hard foods, carbonated drinks;
• improper use of toothpaste, mouth rinses;
• use of toothpicks and so on.

7. Diseases of the teeth.

8. stress , improper sleep and rest, lack of vitamins and minerals in the body.

Treatment of recurrent stomatitis should be directed not only to the inflammation itself, but also to the treatment of the causes that led to this disease:

Chronic fungal stomatitis complicated by leukoplakia - keratinization of the mucous membrane or papillae of the tongue ("hairy" tongue) requires surgical intervention.

How to quickly cure stomatitis in children and adults at home?

With stomatitis, it is advisable to consult a dentist or ENT doctor, but it can also be successfully treated at home.

But there are indications for a mandatory visit to a doctor, in which home self-medication can aggravate the course of stomatitis, worsen the quality of life and threaten the development of serious complications.

When it is impossible to treat stomatitis without consulting a doctor?

• Stomatitis in children under 1 year old, especially herpetic;
• stomatitis on the background of HIV infection of other immunodeficiencies;
• any chronic and recurrent stomatitis;
• if the sores occupy more than half of the surface of the mucous membrane of the oral cavity and tongue;
• bleeding wounds in the oral cavity;
• with purulent diseases of the teeth;
• in the absence of a positive effect from self-treatment within 3 days.

The scheme of treatment of stomatitis:

• etiotropic treatment , directed at the pathogen (antiviral, antiseptic and antifungal ointments, gels, rinses);
• anti-inflammatory drugs for local use;
• healing preparations for the treatment of the oral cavity;
• folk methods of treatment .

Treatment should be only complex, preparations for the treatment of the oral cavity must be combined, distributed during the day. It is important to clean the oral cavity after each meal and various drinks.

More about the methods of treatment of stomatitis in the relevant section of the article: .

It must be remembered that any medicinal and herbal preparation can cause adverse reactions, allergies, in which case it is necessary to urgently consult a doctor.

It is also important to adhere to proper nutrition during the treatment of stomatitis.

Diet principles for stomatitis:

• consume only warm , food at a comfortable temperature, hot and icy food should be discarded;
• avoid spicy, sour and bitter foods , limit the use of salt and sugar;
• abstinence from drinking alcohol (although there is a legend in everyday life that supposedly with stomatitis it is necessary to rinse your mouth with vodka), alcohol additionally contributes to the chemical injury of the oral mucosa and aggravates the course of the disease;
• food should be soft , preferably chopped or heat-treated, that is, it is necessary to abandon hard, whole and raw vegetables and fruits, seeds, nuts, meat and fish with small bones, crackers, hard biscuits and so on;
• preferred liquid, grated or finely ground food, preferably thermally processed, practically without a large amount of flavoring additives;
• the diet should be complete vitamins and microelements ;
• plentiful drink necessary to flush out the infection from the oral cavity and the body as a whole, purified water is welcome, including mineral, black and green tea, non-acidic juices and compotes.