Three masculine nouns of the 1st declension. first declension

Declension of nouns in Russian

Declension is the change of nouns in cases. Depending on the totality of endings that are inherent in one or another noun, there are three main types of their declension. To the 1st declension belong nouns m.r. with a null ending in the initial form, i.e. in I.p. unit ( chemist, researcher analysis) and nouns cf. with endings in -about, -e (substance, field). The words zh.r., m.r. belong to the 2nd declension. and general gender with endings -a, -I (hypothesis, a drop, operation, youth, headman).

Nouns of the 1st and 2nd declension have two varieties of the base - a solid one, which includes nouns with a final consonant solid (plant, plant, factory; the game, games, game), and soft with a soft final consonant ( writer, writer, a writer; song, songs, song, song).

The words Zh.R. belong to the 3rd declension of nouns. null-terminated in the initial form, hence having only the soft variety ( thaw, night). (In school practice, there is a different numbering of declension types: the 1st declension of nouns includes what is recognized as the 2nd in scientific grammar, and vice versa.)

In addition to these three main types of declension, there is a separate declension of nouns formed from adjectives ( sick, worker and etc.). In table. 14 shows examples of the main types of declension of nouns and comments on them.

Comment. 1. Inanimate nouns m.r. the endings and I.p. and V.p. unit ( a computer, dance). In animated nouns m.r. ( contractor, representative, doctor) match the endings in R.p. and V.p. unit ( contractor, representative, doctor).

first declension

2. Some inanimate nouns m.r. may have in R.p. unit not only endings -a (-I), but also -y (Yu). For example, variant endings can receive:

• a) real nouns, when the amount of something is indicated ( a ton of sugar — sugar, a lot of snow — snow) or the absence of some quantity (neither grams of sugar — sugar, not a drop of soup- soup); this applies especially to real nouns with diminutive suffixes ( take the honey from the sugar);
• b) abstract nouns in the same cases ( how much noise — noise; not a cry — cry, no noise — noise);
• c) words included in stable combinations (without year week, no laughing matter). endings -y, -Yu in general, typical for colloquial speech: And this Mary is a root — Taka is high... She has the color of a bouquet... Raspberry Christmas time. her off cancer drinking...(E. Evtushenko); Shot down you with sense this teaching — here you are wandering around the white world(V. Shukshin).

3. Nouns m.r. based on and, h, w, sch in T.p. unit may have a shock ending -ohm (doctor) and unstressed -eat (comrade).

4. Nouns m.r. with a base on c in T.p. have a percussive ending -ohm (end) and unstressed -eat (.finger), in R.p. plural have a percussive ending -ov (ends) and unstressed -ev (dancing).

5. Nouns cf. with a base on c in I.p. etc. unit have when stressed at the end, respectively -about (ring) and -ohm (ring), not at the end -e (sun) and -eat (sun).

6. Some inanimate nouns m.r. in P.p. unit with a pretext in when indicating being inside something and with a preposition on the when indicating the presence of something on the surface, they may have endings -y (-Yu) (in the forest, in service, on the shore). endings -y (-Yu) are always percussion.

Note. To the most common nouns m.r., having in P.p. unit graduation -y (-Yu) (there are only about 200 of them), include: Coast, board(ship), forest, bridge, port, row, garden,corner (in the corner of the room, on the corner of the street), cupboard (in the closet, on the wardrobe). If there are variants of endings -e, -y some words (" vacation — on vacation, in the shop- in workshop, in the cold — in the cold) the first is neutral, the second is colloquial.

7. Nouns m.r. with a base on -th (sanatorium) in p.p. unit have an ending -and (in a sanatorium, about genius).

8. Nouns m.r. on the G, to, X in I.p. plural end in -and (mechanic, mechanics).

A number of nouns m.r. in I.p. plural has percussive endings a (-I): side — sides, address — addresses, director — director. To the most common nouns, which are consistently received in I.p. plural the ending -a (-I) relate: address, Coast, side, camp, master, room, order, island, the passport, train, Professor, volume, color. There are cases of hesitation in the choice of variant endings: years — of the year, inspectors — inspector, spotlights — searchlights, sectors — sectors, locksmiths — locksmith, turners — turner, poplars — poplars, tractors — tractor, anchors — anchors. When there are fluctuations in use -s (-and) — a (-I) the latter are more characteristic of everyday or professional speech. At the same time, you should not mix variant forms that differ in meaning: images(fiction) and image(icons), teachers(thought leaders) and teachers(teachers), flowers(plants) and colors(coloring), etc.

9. Individual nouns have non-standard forms I.p. plural: brother — brothers, Englishman — English, Kitty — kittens, human — people, child — children.

10. Some groups of nouns m.r. in R.p. plural have the form I.p. unit (no ending). Such groups are: 1) individual names of persons by nationality O Buryat, Georgian,Lezghins, Turk, Gypsy; but Arabs,Mongols); 2) individual names of persons associated with military service ( hussar, partisan, soldier; but captains, majors); 3) separate names of units of measure when indicating their number ( ampere, watt, volt, hertz, ohm, x-ray).

In the case of fluctuations of forms with a zero ending and with -s, the first is characteristic of colloquial speech, and the latter - of a strictly literary language ( hectare, -ov; apricot, -ov).

Second declension

Comment. Nouns in T.p. unit endings vary -oh (-her) and -oy (-her) (hand, bird —hand, bird). The latter forms are usually found in poetry.

third declension

Comment(all types of declension).

1. Inanimate nouns of all genders have the same endings in I.p. and V.p. plural ( computers, stars, discos, devices, biofields, nights). Inanimate nouns m.r. and f.r. endings coincide in R.p. and V.p. plural ( contractors, representatives, doctors; boys; birds).

2. When used after transitive verbs of the perfect form of nouns in the form not V.p., but R.p. indicates the use of not the entire object (product), but only its part: buy sugar(all) - sugar(some part); take candy(all) - candy(some of them).

3. When declining nouns, alternations of sounds are observed. The most common of them include: a) alternation of a vowel with a zero sound: about (yo) — zero ( forehead - forehead, forehead, forehead; ice - ice, ice, ice); e - zero ( pepper - pepper, pepper, pepper; boy - guy, guy, guy); zero - o (yo) (window - windows, glass - glass); zero - e (ring - rings, heart - hearts, friends of friends, earth - land, village - villages); b) alternation of a consonant with a consonant ( bitches - bitches, friend - friends).

Nouns that have case endings characteristic of different types of declension are called heterogeneous. These include 10 nouns cf. on the -me (burden, time, udder, banner, name, flame, tribe, seed, stirrup and crown) and noun m.r. path having in R.p., D.p. and P.p. unit 3rd declension noun endings -and (no time, to the banner, in the flame; on my way), and in T.p. - nouns m.r. type ship, sable (time, banner; through). Nouns in -me in R.p., D.p., T.p. and P.p. in units additionally receive a suffix -en- (-yeon-) (banner — on the banner, on banners), nouns seed, stirrup in R.p. plural - suffix -yang (seeds). Declension patterns of such nouns are given in Table. 17.

Non-basic types of declension of nouns

Declension of nouns is the change of nouns in cases.

declination- a set of changeable forms (inflections) of names (nouns, adjectives, numerals, pronouns) by numbers, gender and cases.

The type of declension (or simply declension) is the category of the name - a certain grammatical type of variability, such that words of the same type of declension have the same or similar forms of change.

Declension forms are determined by both the semantic role and the form of the governing member of the sentence. The semantic role can control case and number, and then declension is a semantic element of the language. For example: the cat is walking - the word cat is in the nominative case, singular and means that one cat performs an action; cats are walking - already plural, which means there are several cats; the cat is fed - the cat is in the accusative case, therefore the action is performed on the cat.

Declension (tracing paper from Latin declinatio, “deviation” from the main form of the word) is the inflection of nominal parts of speech (nouns, adjectives, pronouns, numerals). Usually, the term "declension" means inflection according to the grammatical categories of number and case.

The word "declension" is also used in the sense of "a certain type of paradigm of declension". They talk about the types of declension of individual parts of speech (for example, in Russian they distinguish substantive - declension of nouns, adjective - declension of adjectives and pronominal declension) and individual groups of words within one part of speech. So, traditionally in the Russian substantive declension, I (head - heads), II (table - tables) and III (notebook - notebooks) types of declension are distinguished, as well as special cases: indeclinable words (in which all forms coincide in both numbers: metro, kangaroo, beige, etc.) a few words with -en- in indirect cases (time - time), two words with -er- in indirect cases (mother - mother, daughter - daughter), a special declension Christ - Christ, etc. Other, more economical ways of classifying Russian inflectional paradigms were also proposed, for example, A. A. Zaliznyak combines traditional I and II declensions into “I substantive declension type” with endings that differ depending on the morphological gender.

1st declension- all feminine and masculine words ending in -а or -я (book, mom, dad, biology, physics, mathematics, computer science).
For nouns of the first declension of the singular in the dative and prepositional cases, the ending -e is written, for example: to dad, about the book. But if the noun ends in -iya, then in the same cases the ending -i is written, for example: to chemistry, about biology. When writing the endings of proper names in -iya, you must adhere to the same rule, for example: to Xenia, about Italy:

2nd declension- all other masculine and neuter words (poppy, stump, bug, slope, biofield, glass).
In the second declension of nouns, the form of the accusative case in most cases coincides with the form of the nominative case (glass, biofield) or the genitive case (slope, stump).
For singular nouns of the 2nd declension, masculine or neuter, the ending -e is written in the prepositional case, for example: about the biofield, about the glass. But if the noun ends in -й or -е, then in the same case the ending -i is written, for example: about consciousness, about trust, about difference:

3rd declension- all other words are feminine (night, fabric).
In the third declension, in most cases, the forms of the genitive, dative and prepositional cases of the singular coincide.
After hissing at feminine nouns of the third declension, “b” is written at the end, for example: silence, daughter. And for masculine nouns of the second declension, “b” is not written, for example: rage, kalach, baby.

Publication date: 06/09/2011 09:31 UTC

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Good afternoon, dear student! Today we will talk about the typical mistakes that foreigners make when studying Russian. One of these mistakes is the confusion in the endings when declining nouns. But before we move on to the analysis of errors, I want to remind you that in Russian all nouns are divided into 3 types of declension. Declension is a change of nouns in numbers and cases. In Russian, the gender is divided into 3 types: feminine, masculine and neuter. In previous articles, I also talked about the common gender, which also raises doubts among foreigners. In order to correctly decline a noun in cases, it is necessary to determine the gender and type of declension. There are only 3 types of declension in Russian and they include nouns of the following kind:

1 Declension Endings Example
Feminine -a, -ya Shark / Earth - a shark / a ground
Masculine -а, -я Uncle / Grandfather - an uncle / a grandpa

2 Declension Endings Example
Middle gender -o, -e Saddle / Sea - a saddle / the sea
Masculine Zero Bull / Corner - a bull / a corner

3 Declension Endings Example
Feminine zero Branch / Smooth surface - a branch / a smooth surface

In order to correctly decline a noun, you must first determine the gender, look at the endings in the nominative case (this is the form that is given in the dictionary), singular and in this way, we determine the declension, for example, from our tablet it can be seen that the word "land" is feminine , firstly, in this word the ending is -я, and we know that the endings -а / -я are usually feminine in Russian. In the nominative case, singular, this word remains in the form "earth". Accordingly, the ending -а/-я is feminine and refers to the 1st declension.

And now let's see how the nouns of the 1st declension change by case and what endings the word acquires in one or another case. We have only 6 cases, to make it easier to remember them, imagine the following sentence:

And van R killed D ditch, AT arvara T experience P echku - Ivan is chopping wood, Varvara is heating an oven.

Please pay attention to the first letters of each word in this sentence, they begin with the same letters as the cases in Russian and to make it easier for you to remember them, we came up with such a funny Russian sentence, and below are our cases:
And nominative
R positive
D atelic
AT intelligible
T eloquent
P prepositional

In Russian, each case has its own question to make it easier to decline the words, but I think that a foreigner also needs to know them, especially if your level is not bad, then this will be a good support. I also recommend using helper words, for example:

Let's decline for example the word "dawn" of the 1st declension, feminine (since the ending is -я)

Thus, we see from the example that the noun "dawn" changes its ending depending on the case. Consider what endings the words of the 1st declension of the feminine gender have:

Now consider what endings nouns have 1st declension masculine ending in -а/-я:

So, as you can see from the table, nouns of the 1st declension of the masculine gender have the same endings as those of the nouns of the 1st declension of the feminine gender, which makes it easier for those who study Russian.

Many of us remember what is called declension from school. But not everyone will be able to reproduce all the nuances associated with it. But knowing the rules associated with will help us not to make spelling mistakes in the future.

What is declension

Almost every independent (with the exception of adverbs and participles) can change according to its own rules. persons and numbers are conjugated, and nominal parts of speech are declined. What does this mean? Declension of words is the ability of nouns, adjectives, numerals and participles to change according to:

1. Childbirth (male, middle, female, except for them. noun).
2. Numbers (singular and plural).
3. Cases.

The well-known set of Russian rules "Grammar-80" explains in a different way what is called declension. He proposes to define it as a change in the class of words by cases. Which of the terms is closer and what is called declension, everyone is free to choose for himself.

Cases of nouns

Based on the definition of declension in Russian, we need to remember what a case is. It is called a grammatical form that connects any with the words of other parts of speech. The case shows how exactly the parts of speech agree with each other.

For a long time, the case system was subject to change. In the Old Russian language, there were not six, as in our time, but seven cases. Another was called vocative. To date, it has already been abolished, and now there are 6 of them.

• Nominative. A special case, since only it is called direct (who? What?), The rest are indirect. In the form of pad. the subjects appear in the sentences. Another of its features: it is the initial form for nominal parts of speech.
• Genitive. This form answers questions Whom? What? In order not to confuse it with other cases, you can substitute the auxiliary word "no": cat - them. n, (no) cat - genus. P.
• Dative. This case is named so because it answers questions To whom? What? Declension of words will be easier if you substitute the word "give": cat - dates. P.
• Accusative. Pretty controversial form. Has a similar to the nominative for inanimate objects - What? True, in relation to living beings they ask the question Whom? The word "blame" substituted for the one he is checking. noun, will help you remember the rules of declension: (blame) cat - wine. P.
• Instrumental. Special case. Answers the questions By whom? How? The test word for him is “create”: a cat - tv. pad.
• Prepositional. Question answer form About whom? About what? For easy memorization, we substitute the word “think”: about the cat - preposition. P.

Number

We remembered the case system that the Russian language studies. The declension also depends on the category of the number. There are only two of them in our language - singular and plural. Almost all nouns have both forms. But, as with any rule, there are exceptions. Some words are used in only one form. An example of those that have only a single number: the sun (well, this is logical, it exists in one copy), milk, foliage, highway (it is foreign).

But the Russian language is so diverse that it has in its arsenal words that are used only in the plural. Example: scissors, trousers, glasses, watches, people.

Declension in Russian can be carried out in the forms of units. h and plural h. For example:

Unit h.

I.p. book, books.

R.p. books, books.

D.p. book, books.

V.p. book, books.

etc. book, books.

P.p. about the book, about the books.

first declension

The declension system in Russian, as you know, consists of three groups. Each of them has its own characteristics. The first declension has the following special features:

• Words for certain males that have endings -a or -I: uncle, man, dad, Vanya.
• Nouns that also have endings - a or -I denoting people and feminine objects: spring, hand, aunt, Anna.
• Same endings (- and I) with nouns of a common gender (that is, they designate both male and female persons at the same time): crybaby, grumbler, sleepyhead, slob.

Declension pattern 1 (examples):

I.p. boy, girl, crybaby.

R.p. boys, girls, crybabies.

D.p. boy, girl, crybaby.

V.p. boy, girl, crybaby.

etc. boy, girl, crybaby.

P.p. about a young man, about a girl, about a crybaby.

Second declension

This group differs from the previous one in endings and the gender category. It includes:

• Nouns that have zero endings in their initial form and are masculine: table, stump, ceiling, husband.
• Husband's words kind, but ending in - about or -e: house.
• Them. noun with endings - about or - e neuter: sky, spot, sea, gun.

Sample 2 declension:

I.p. table, happiness.

R.p. table, happiness.

D.p. table, fortunately.

V.p. table, happiness.

etc. table, happiness.

P.p. about the table, happiness.

third declension

This group of nouns is the most special. It includes only feminine words and only with a zero ending: mouse, oven, life, reality.

It is necessary to remember an important rule regarding the third declension: when a word ends in one of the hissing sounds, it must be written in it (daughter, night, oven). Do not confuse them with nouns of the second declension into hissing (beam, cloak, tick). They are masculine, and therefore do not require writing a soft sign at the end.

Declension pattern 3:

I.p. life, thing.

R.p. life, things.

D.p. life, things.

V.p. life, thing.

etc. life, thing.

P.p. about life, things.

Summing up the above, we were able to put together the declension of nouns. The table shows everything more clearly. Study it carefully.

Inflected nouns

Now we know what is called declension and what words apply to each of them. But far from all the lexical composition of our language obeys these rules. There are nouns that have absorbed the endings of both the first and second declensions. They are called dissimilar.

What are the characteristics of such nouns? First, almost all of them end in -mya: time, name, burden, stirrup, and others. And the word path also belong to this group.

Secondly, the rules for the declension of heterogeneous nouns are such that when these words change in cases in all forms, there will be a suffix - en(except I.p. and V.p.): time, stirrup, seed.

Thirdly, by inflecting these words, we can notice that in the genitive, dative and prepositional cases they took the ending - and in the 3rd declension, and in the creative the ending -em appeared, as in the 2nd declension.

I.p name, path.

R.p. name, path.

D.p. name, path.

V.p. name, path.

etc. name, path.

P.p. about the name, about the path.

Indeclinable nouns

Our speech is rapidly replenished with new words of foreign origin. They do not have declension forms in Russian and are therefore called indeclinable.

This group includes:

• Foreign words that came to us from other languages -o, -e, -u, -u: coat, fillet, Sochi, kangaroo. In all cases, they will have the same form, so there is simply no point in inflecting them. (Go to the coat, go to the kangaroo, go to Sochi.)
• Surnames ending in -ko, -ago, -y: Yurchenko, Zhivago, Belykh. (To be visiting Kozarenko, to come to the Reds.)
• Words formed by the abbreviation method: USSR, ATS.

Personal endings

This topic is related to the correct spelling of letters. and and e at the end of nouns. By following the rules of declension, we were able to reveal that the ending e write in words:

1. First declension (genus item is an exception): to the river (dat.p.), about mother (pr.p.), on the topic (dat.p.).
2. Second declension: about the beam (pr.p.), about the sea (pr.p.)

We write the letter And at the end, if this word:

1. Third declension: in the steppe (pr.p.), towards the night (dat.p.)
2. The first skl., used in giving birth. case: by the river.
3. In words ending in ee, ee, ia: in the planetarium, on the action, about the event.
4. In inflected nouns, they also write and: on the way, about time.

Conclusion

After reading these simple rules, you will know what is called declension. Do not confuse it with the inflection of other parts of speech, such as conjugation of verbs.

It is necessary to study it, because our practical literacy depends on theoretical knowledge. From our article, we can draw the following conclusions:

• Nouns change not only by cases, but also by numbers.
• But it is worth remembering that not all words of this part of speech have these categories. Some of them cannot be declined at all (indeclinable) and do not have one of the numerical forms (only plural or singular).
• Each of the declensions has its own characteristics, so you should carefully study them. We gave an example of declension of nouns (table).
• Personal endings that do not have an accent are subject to a set of certain rules. Depending on the declension and case, the letter will be written either e, or and. This topic is one of the most difficult in the course of studying nouns.

The nouns of the 1st declension include feminine and masculine nouns with the endings -а, -я.

Examples of feminine nouns that belong to the 1st declension: car, apartment, raspberry, viburnum, dawn, fork, spoon, ladle, Moscow, Russia, furrow, hole, picture.

Examples of masculine nouns that belong to the 1st declension: dad, grandfather, brother, son, Vanya, Vanyushka, car.

There are quite a few examples of nouns of the first declension: box, joke, stick, pen, leg, fairy, spoon, folder, road, rhea, tribe, girl, cabin boy, clothes, pillowcase, cup, melody, music, size, glade, chamber , fee, fight, dawn, casket, paint, resentment, guitar, price, estimate, plate, car.

And also the names: Daria, Anna, Olga, Marina, Alena, Valera, Oksana, Masha, Christina, Galina, Misha.

Our language is rich, we can continue indefinitely.

But all these words have one thing in common: the end a or I.

Any student knows that the first declension includes feminine and masculine words with the endings A or Z.

Here are some examples of first declension nouns:

• feminine - frog, toad, puma, cat, mouse, spoon, song, kitchen;
• masculine - cabin boy, uncle, dad, Pasha, Misha, Vanya.

• Nouns of the first declension, subject to nominal case inflection according to the first type, can be divided into two main and one additional group:

  Male.

  Dad, great-grandfather, uncle, grandfather, young man, boy, governor, Gavrila, son, Grisha, foreman, Misha, uncle.

  Female.

  Hole, Melania, candy, fun, fable, fairy tale, beater, rocket, racket, Matrna, rock, polynya, Daria, tub.

  common gender.

  Beloruchka, an orphan, Sasha, clever, Zhenya, sweet, Dumas (this surname can be both female and male), unfortunate, quiet, couch potato.

  The rational meaning of assigning this or that noun to the 1st declension lies not only and not so much in the formal classification, but also in the type of inflection, according to which the correct case endings are selected, which prevents spelling errors and grammatical inconsistencies of words.

  And the endings -a and -i is a sign of the nominative case of these nouns. their original form.

  First we say that the 1st declension includes both feminine and masculine nouns ending in -а-//-я-.

  Now, in fact, examples of such words (first declension):

  • dog (feminine);
  • car (also feminine);
  • kitchen (again a feminine noun);
  • dad (masculine);
  • grandfather (masculine);
  • girl (feminine);
  • male (masculine);
  • crown (feminine);
  • pipe (feminine);
  • pen (feminine).

• The first declension includes feminine and masculine nouns, with the endings -А-Я in the nominative case.

  Word examples:

  Masculine nouns: boy; uncle; dad.

  Feminine nouns: earth; country; planet; keyboard; car; apple tree; plum; village; head; poker; fable; ;charging;room.

  The names also belong to the third declension:

  Katya; Fedya; Valya; Kolya; Masha; Petya; Marusya; Tanya; Vanya; Stepanida; Barbara.

  Nouns of the first declension- these are feminine and masculine nouns that have the ending А / Я, as well as nouns of the general gender.

  Examples of similar nouns:

  1) Feminine - Snake, hand, water, fashion, soda, hole, goat, rose, mimosa, keyboard, splinter, toy, flash, book, line, barrel, needle, thread, pipette, lens, magnifying glass, photograph, beaker , flask, bird, caterpillar, squirrel, fox, sledgehammer, bomb, camera, curtain.

  2) Masculine - Papa, Misha, Zhenya, Alsha, Nikita, Volodya, Petya, grandfather, Vasya, servant, governor, Dima, Kolya, Pasha.

  3) General genus - Sloppy, bully, mean, sleepyhead, bore, bully, crybaby.

  The word is a frog, the word is a toad, the word is puma, the word is cat, the word is mouse, the word is spoon, the word is song, the word is kitchen, the word is cabin boy, the word is uncle, the word is dad, the word is Pasha, the word is Misha, the word is Vanya.

  The first declension includes masculine and feminine nouns with the ending -а, -я with a base on a hard, soft, hissing consonant.

  For example, country, work, land, song, young man, bird, drop, fur coat, sister, homeland.

  Homework is assigned to the children, and the parents decide. As sad as it may be, it is a fact. Sometimes you still need to help your children, even if with the help of the Internet.

  The endings of feminine and masculine nouns of the first declension will be equal -a, -I in the nominative case.

  Examples of nouns of the first declension:

  Masculine:

  1. The male
  2. young man
  3. bear
  4. Grandfather
  5. foreman
  6. Governor
  7. boy

  Feminine:

  1. Public
  2. Carrot
  3. Girl
  4. Young woman
  5. Painting
  6. Handbag
  7. Aggression
  8. Beanie
  9. Valley
  10. Village

• It is an axiom that to the first inclination we assign masculine and feminine nouns with the ending -а/-я, for example:

  the words male- young man, uncle, grandfather, foreman, judge, lord;

  feminine words - dishes, map, land, country, strawberries, hand, foot, head, bench, tub.

  But that's not all. Nouns join here generic, which, depending on the context, can be either feminine or masculine:

  Our Tanechka is a bully.

  Vitya was known as a bully in our yard.

  Let's list them: a slob, a miserable person, a couch potato, a quiet girl, a crybaby, a singer, a fawn.

  Many of these words have a negative connotation.

  Nouns of the first declension (according to the school curriculum) are masculine and feminine words with endings in -А or -Я.

  

  Examples of words related to the first type of declension. There are quite a lot of them (it is especially easy to give examples of the words zh.r.).

  1st declension feminine words:

  mother, aunt, grandmother, book, dacha, owl, frog, kikimora, carriage, pumpkin, cherry, currant, earth, moon, hope, faith, history, chemistry, column, prison, stable, key, task, box, power, star, weather, mouse, song

  1st declension masculine words:

  governor, dad, uncle, Vanya, Dima, Sasha, Kolya, man, colleague, grandfather, servant, young man.