Medicinal properties of tinder mushrooms. Trutovik larch. Appearance description

A tinder fungus is a fungus often found on old stumps, deadwood, it also attaches to trees with a lateral leg or with the help of a fruiting body. Despite the nondescript appearance, the described species has medicinal properties, but in some cases, a representative of the natural kingdom also brings harm.

There are many varieties of this mushroom, each of which has characteristic features and properties. Experienced mushroom pickers recognize them not only by external signs, but also by the place of discovery.

The most popular species are used not only in traditional medicine, but also in cooking.

Trutovik real

The fruit body of such a fungus resembles a hoof in appearance, and in structure it is rigid and woody. The size of the species varies from 5 to 40 cm., the saprophyte is attached to the trees sideways. The surface of the cap is smooth, covered with a whitish, gray or brown crust; with age, the real tinder fungus turns black. The pulp has an orange tint and a slight fruity smell, the underside of the mushrooms is creamy, the tubules are arranged in layers.

Trutovik real

Birch mushroom, or chaga

An amazing mushroom reaches a large size, emerging from a tiny spore. Settling in wood, it looks like growths of irregular shape, the inner part of the fruiting body is very hard and has a dark brown color, and closer to the surface of the tree the flesh is lighter and more pliable.

Chaga has long been harvested by people; this species can be found in a birch grove or on trees near mountainous areas.

Gallery: tinder fungus (25 photos)

Polypore sheep

The cap of such a mushroom is round, fleshy and dense with a folded edge, its thickness is about 2 cm, and its diameter reaches 20 cm. The color of the species is found both white and cream with yellow spots, and old specimens become ocher or grayish with age.

A young mushroom is recognizable by its naked and smooth cap; in dry weather, it often cracks. The pulp of the sheep tinder fungus is brittle and white, has a mild taste, the leg is strong and tapers towards the base.

Sheep albatrellus, as scientists call it, forms aggregations of several fruiting bodies, so even an inexperienced mushroom picker can detect it.

Polypore sheep

Trutovik humpbacked

The fruit body of this fungus is annual and is attached to the wood with a wide base. The described species is rarely found in a single copy, most often humpbacked tinder fungi form groups. Their hats are uneven and flat, the surface is velvety grayish. With age, the mushrooms darken, and the pulp of the fruiting bodies resembles a cork - outwardly it is yellowish or white. The fruiting period lasts from the first days of summer to late autumn.

In nature, specimens of various sizes are found, for example, the size of large mushrooms reaches 20 cm, and small tinder fungi grow from 1 to 4 cm in height.

Polypore variegated

This scaly fungus is a distant relative of the oyster mushroom known to all mushroom pickers, previously scientists combined them into one family. The hat of the described species has a different diameter from 5 to 60 cm, the color varies from cream to beige and even ocher with large scales.

The flesh of the variegated tinder fungus is dense and white, exudes a pleasant smell, but with age it becomes stiff and resembles a cork layer. The leg of this species is short and thick, most often it is bent and is located in the center of the cap. On the lower part of the fungus, you can see characteristic tubes, indicating that it belongs to the tinder fungus.

Polypore variegated

Polypore umbrella

People also call this species umbrella vulture and are often compared with oyster mushrooms, however, it has its own characteristics. The fruit body with a small stem is highly branched and can weigh up to 4 kg, each branch ends with a miniature hat with a depression in the center and wavy edges.

The tubular layer of the mushroom is white, and the flesh has a mild nutty smell and taste. You can meet such a tinder fungus on rotting wood in the forest.

Polypore gray-yellow

This mushroom is a kind of accumulation of many hats. growing in layers one on top of the other. It has practically no legs, the fruiting body is located directly on the bark of the tree. Its mass can reach 10 kg, and the size of the cap varies from 10 to 40 cm.

The yellow color makes the described species noticeable from afar, but over time, the mushroom changes its shade to beige and becomes very hard.

Polypore gray-yellow

Where does the tinder fungus grow

The fungus belongs to the group of basidiomycetes - the highest representatives of a large kingdom with multicellular mycelium. The described species are found in the European part of the world, including Russia. Here tinder fungi infect deciduous trees- birches, aspens, oaks and other varieties of plants.

They also inhabit old stumps, deadwood, dried trunks, get into the wood through cracks and other violations of the integrity of the bark, breaks.

Useful and medicinal properties of tinder fungus

Nondescript mushrooms differ from other representatives of the kingdom in their hard pulp, however, they are also recommended to be collected and harvested. So, a real tinder fungus is able to remove toxins and carcinogenic components from the human body, and the resinous substances contained in the fruiting body treat the liver, lungs and other organs.

Known for its medicinal properties, birch tinder fungus or chaga is used for cancer, problems associated with metabolism, and liver disorders. In folk medicine, birch and lacquered tinder powder is used to heal wounds and damage to the skin, it is added to the cream, used in its pure form. Water tinctures based on the fungus help with constipation, stomach ulcers and obesity.

Medicinal properties of tinder fungus (video)

It is known that some species of mushrooms live exclusively on larch trees, while other varieties choose needle wood. But light, humidity and air temperature play a special role in the life of a tinder fungus, because its fruiting body will not be able to develop normally in the dark.

Tinder fungus affects deciduous trees

What harm does the tinder fungus bring to birch and other trees

The mushroom that lives in the forest is rarely noticed by passers-by, however, it does not benefit the trees. Mycologists call polypores xylotrophs, as they survive on the nutritional properties of wood. The mycelium does not always affect dead or dying birches and aspens, sometimes spores penetrate and begin the process of destruction of healthy specimens. That is why the abundance of tinder fungi on trees is a harbinger of thinning of the forest, and in a summer cottage such a neighborhood brings a negative result, as a result of which the planted plant dies.

Wood is poor in ash, which means that the fungus feeds on minerals last, the growth of the fruiting body and its development depend on this factor. The core of the tree suffers greatly, but if the conditions become unsuitable for the saprophyte, its vital activity slows down.

The wood nutrition cycle can be conditionally divided into stages such as browning of the trunk, the appearance of white mold streaks and softening of the tree.

How to cook tinder fungus (video)

The use of tinder fungus in medicine

The benefits brought by unusual mushrooms have been noticed by scientists and doctors. Agaric acid, contained in the fruiting bodies, cleanses the body of toxic substances, and polysaccharides correct the functioning of the liver. Infusions made from representatives of the kingdom have long been used to treat diseases of the respiratory system.

In China, doctors still carefully collect and harvest tinder fungi for the production of drugs that treat obesity, skin diseases and chronic fatigue. For example, a special mushroom, chaga, is recommended for the treatment of vascular diseases and many other ailments. It is very useful, as it absorbs all vital juices and microelements from wood. So, 2 small spoons of dry raw materials are poured with warm water and infused for 48 hours, after which they are taken 1 tablespoon per day.

Important! Preparations based on tinder fungus have a pronounced therapeutic effect, so you should consult a specialist before using them.

The sulfur-yellow tinder fungus is invaluable for medicine, since antibiotics are made from it, the composition of the fungus contains many useful components. Pharmacies sell a laxative based on the fruiting bodies of this species.

Normally, the tinder fungus takes an active part in the decomposition of the wood of dead trees, feeding on various substances.

How to cook delicious edible tinder fungus

Among the mushrooms described, there are also edible species, such as scaly tinder fungus or pestle, and sheep tinder fungus also has an excellent taste. The preparation of fragrant soup involves the use of fresh fruiting bodies, the use of old specimens is not allowed.

In order to make such a dish, you will need the following products:

mushrooms (200 g);
cereals or noodles (70 g);
onion (1 pc.);
vegetable oil (1 large spoon);
salt, pepper and herbs to taste.

Sort the collected fruit bodies, cut out the rough parts and legs, wash and cut the product into small pieces. Scald mushrooms with boiling water, then put in a saucepan and cook for 30 minutes. Now add sautéed onions, cereals or noodles to the dish, and cook the soup until cooked.

Tree fungus is also suitable for preparing the main dish. Boil fresh tinder fungi, then fry in butter for 10 minutes, mix with spices. It is recommended to serve the product on the table with pasta or potatoes.

The use of tinder fungus (video)

How to prevent infection of trees with tinder fungus

Normally, the tinder fungus takes an active part in the decomposition of the wood of dead trees, feeding on various substances. But when the fungus passes to healthy plants, it becomes dangerous for the forest and garden. There are also small species of saprophytes that feed on the wood of fruit crops, cause damage to summer residents and contribute to a decrease in productivity.

If the mushroom is found on a tree branch, then it must be cut off as soon as possible and thereby stop the spread of infection in the garden. In order to get rid of the tinder fungus, you need to destroy and burn the infected wood in time, and treat healthy specimens with a special pitch or oil paint. The trunks should be treated annually with lime mortar, during the period of drought, the plants should receive enough moisture, which will prevent them from weakening.

Since ancient times, man has used the healing properties of Mother Nature. "Green Pharmacy" is rich in natural medicines with miraculous properties.

Chronicles often mention the effectiveness of the use of medicinal plants and medicinal mushrooms for various ailments. The fact is widely known, for example, that the tumor on the lip of Vladimir Monomakh was cured with the help of a mushroom decoction.

Trutovik larch- a unique mushroom. It has been known since antiquity as a medicine.

They called it Agaricus albus, which means white, cleansing, quinine or leafy agaric. It is generally accepted that the word "agarik" comes from "Agaria", the name of a region in southwestern Russia, or from "Agarus" - the name of an ancient city on the banks of the Don, in which the ancient mushroom culture of healing flourished. It turns out that not fungotherapy, but agaric therapy! Even a long time ago, having loaded the holds of ships with Agaricus, the ancient Greeks exported this valuable commodity from the colonies. And Siberians from time immemorial harvested larch sponge in large quantities. Part of the reserves were sold, and the remaining "treasures" of nature were used for their own benefit. They also prepared dishes from Trutovik, and made paint, and used it instead of soap. However, the main branch of application of Agaricus was traditional medicine.

Dioscorides, the most famous herbalist of antiquity, used the name "agarikon" in his "Materia Medica", which had a huge impact even on modern natural medicine, to describe the fungus, which is now called Fomitopsis officinalis, that is, larch sponge. Perhaps this happened because these mushrooms were obtained from Agaria.

What is so distinguished tinder fungus?

Look - seemingly unremarkable mushroom. The “fat man” sits on a tree, gleaming with a yellowish-white hat. And mushroom pickers know that if this very Larch sponge is knocked down from a tree, cleaned, and dried, then an excellent natural remedy will come out.

The ancient Greeks and Romans believed in its universal properties. Agarik was very popular and expensive.

An example is the Mithridates recipe, which contains agaric as the main component, which in this drug protected a person from an already taken poison. According to legend, King Mithridates constantly used this remedy to protect himself from poisoning. Later, when the most important battle was lost, he became depressed and wanted to poison himself by drinking the strongest poison. But alas, it didn't work. Agaric worked great here too!

Pliny studied the properties of agaric and left a description of its main healing properties:

1. agaric was used in dry powder or diluted in wine for bites of poisonous spiders and scorpions;
2. in the prescription of Mithridates as an absorbent in case of poisoning with potent plant poisons;
3. in diseases of the stomach (gastritis, erosive gastritis);
4. for asthma, diseases of the lungs and bronchi - brewed in hot milk of a donkey or a white cow;
5. in diseases of the kidneys (chronic pyelonephritis), dissolved in a hot infusion of currant leaves with honey;
6. for pain in the ridge (osteochondrosis), muscle pain - dissolved in hot milk with honey;
7. for constipation and problems with flatulence - in powder or dissolved in hot water with a pinch of cardamom;
8. in diseases of the spleen - in powder and dissolved in wine;
9. to dissolve stones in the gallbladder and kidneys - dissolved in dry natural wine or in a decoction of horsetail with honey;
10. for the treatment of tuberculosis - dissolved in wine;
11. with epilepsy, neurosis, neurasthenia, hysterical suffocation, neglected vegetovascular dystonia (panic fear, fear of death);
12. relieves jaundice when bile spills, swelling and dropsy.

Dioscorides argued that larch tinder is the best remedy for restoring strength in chronic fatigue syndrome, neurasthenia, depression, and the fight against old age. The best use is dissolved in hot water with honey or in grape wine. The usual norm is 2-3 g per day.

Trutovik larch was the king of all medicinal potions for 1600 years!!! And only with the development of herbal medicine, agaric began to be used less and less. But in the 18th - early 19th centuries, the former glory of agarik shone again - they again began to export it to the West in thousands of pounds.

Treatment and prevention of consumption, restoration of strength, the desire to push back old age again made the so-called "Wartburg Elixir" the most popular: mix dry herbs, grind them into powder, add 100 ml of vodka so that it is 1 cm above the herbal mass. Stir the resulting mixture every day for two weeks, then squeeze through the canvas. You can also pass the liquid through cheesecloth to trap sediment if it appears. The usual dose is 4-16 ml, i.e. 20 drops to 2 scoops, 2-3 times a day, preferably before meals.

This elixir is listed in the British Pharmaceutical Code of 1934 as the most popular and effective.

In the 21st century, you don’t even need to go to the forest for this “wonder of nature”. Agaricus is harvested in ecologically clean areas: in the forests of Siberia and Altai. This is a guarantee of the absence of harmful impurities. "Mother Nature" takes care of our health!

The most popular use of Trutovik is for overweight. This mushroom is a real folk remedy for weight loss.

Scientific studies have proven that Agaricus contains the substance "lanophyl". It is this that makes the “lazy” liver of a person work more actively. Under its influence, the body begins to more actively break down fats in the body. That is, Larch sponge at the same time allows for the treatment of impaired metabolism.

Few people know that in order to correct a disturbed metabolism, you just need to force the liver to produce a sufficiently large amount of enzymes. To do this, the healing effect of the active ingredient lanofil contained in the larch sponge is used. Another property of Trutovik is based on the same principle of exposure - the treatment of fatty degeneration of the liver.

It is also useful to use Agaricus (tinder larch) during radio or chemotherapy. It helps prevent radiation exposure and reduces side effects.

If the patient has bronchitis, pleurisy, tuberculosis, pneumonia - Larch sponge will come to your aid. Hemostatic, laxative, sedative, mild hypnotic effect - what magical Agaricus cannot boast of!

The fungus is used for infectious (flu, acute respiratory infections, herpes, etc.), tumor diseases (various types), Graves' disease, diabetes, neuralgia, diseases of the kidneys, liver, pancreas, biliary and respiratory tract.

You can find out the price and buy larch tinder fungus (preparations from the fungus) in our

Is tinder fungus edible or not?

Is tinder fungus dangerous? You can eat it, but only young mushrooms that have grown on deciduous trees. If you cook a tinder fungus from a coniferous tree, it can cause poisoning. Sometimes mycologists classify the sulfur-yellow species as a dangerous species.

However, cooking tinder fungus in Germany with the US is considered commonplace. In these countries, it is a delicacy. And they call it “chicken mushroom” there for its external resemblance to poultry meat. It tastes like lobster or crab.

It causes vomiting, indigestion.

Description of the tinder fungus

The scaly yellow tinder fungus (lat. Laetiporus sulphureus) has a 12-centimeter hat. It may have fan-shaped plates or have a rounded shape. The skin of the cap of the mushroom is orange-pink, with age it turns pale. The hat is short. The rest of the tinder fungi have a grayish hat.

The description of the pulp of the mushroom is as follows - it is yellowish, has a pleasant smell. The young fungus has a dampish, friable, fleshy pulp, the spores are light yellow.

Tinder fungi differ in that they grow in deciduous and mixed forests. Mushrooms live on tree trunks, and are found mainly from mid-May.

Useful properties of tinder fungus (video)

Medicinal properties

The benefit of the fungus lies in the fact that it is often used to cure tuberculosis. Among other things, can be used to get rid of viral diseases. In folk medicine, tinder fungus is used to treat flu, kidney and intestinal problems. The mushroom also successfully shows itself for the treatment of the pancreas.

The tinder fungus also helps the liver. Why? It contains a huge amount of resinous substances that have a positive effect on the body.

The beneficial substances of the fungus do not end there. It also contains the polysaccharide lanofil. It helps the body break down fats. Also, the enzyme helps to normalize metabolism, cleansing the liver.

Consider several recipes for the preparation of tinder fungus for treatment:

How to cook tinder fungus for lung diseases? Take 1 tbsp. l. chopped mushroom powder, put it in a saucepan, add 200 ml of hot water. Cook the mushroom for half an hour in a water bath. Remove the prepared product from the stove and wrap with a towel. You can use it after 4 hours - 4 times a day, 1 tbsp. l.
The mushroom is also useful for healing wounds and ulcers. In this case, the tinder fungus is used externally. How to cook it? Take 2 tsp. tinder powder and pour it into a jar. Pour the powder with 150 ml of vodka. Leave the infusion in a dark place for 14 days. It remains only to strain the infusion and spray it on the skin.
The mushroom also benefits in the treatment of chronic constipation. In this case, prepare the remedy as follows: pour 1 tbsp into the pan. l. mushroom powder. Then 0.5 l of boiling water is added to it. The mixture is boiled and then simmered for 30 minutes. Then it is removed, the pan is insulated with a towel and left for 4 hours. Take the mixture 4 times a day for 1 tbsp. l.

How to cook tinder

The tinder fungus that lives on a birch can be cooked in many ways. In any case, it must first be thoroughly rinsed. Then it can be used as a solo component in various dishes, among which it is worth noting:

salad;
tinder fungus in sour cream;
a kind of paste;
soup with dumplings;
tinder in tomato sauce.

Boil the mushroom for no more than an hour. Then cook like other mushrooms. If you want to dry the tinder fungus, dry it at a temperature of less than 50 degrees. Store the mushroom in paper bags at room temperature.

Where do tinder grow (video)

How to protect trees

The tinder fungus grows on trees and feeds on their beneficial substances. To prevent it from harming fruit trees, some measures must be taken. False tinder fungus affects the tree so that the wood becomes very soft. When affected by a sulfur-yellow species of fungus, the plant turns brown, cracks and breaks up into cubes.

The type of relationship between trees and mushrooms is as follows - the tinder fungus infects the tree with spores through wounds in the bark. That is, in order to prevent infection, damage to the bark should not be allowed.

You can prevent infection of trees in the following way: clean the wound on the bark with a knife. Then process it with 1% . From above, the wound should be covered with garden pitch. In spring and autumn, in order to prevent the boles of trees, they are cleaned of bark and whitewashed with lime.

Spraying trees with a special solution also brings great benefits.

Take 2 kg of slaked lime and 200 g of mealy paste.
Add 100 g of wood glue to them.
Dissolve the mixture in 1 bucket of water.
The solution is applied to the affected areas with brushes. It will not only protect the tree from the fungus, but also protect it from burns.
Settling on a tree, the tinder fungus causes him great damage. Therefore, if it appears, it should be cut out and the branches located 5 cm below the place where the wood turned brown.
If the group of mushrooms is large, the tree will have to be dug up and burned.

How to cook a tinder fungus (video)

Trutovik is a mushroom that can be used as food. However, in some cases, it can also be harmful. How to deal with it is up to each individual to decide. Someone carefully protects the trees from the fungus, and someone eats it with pleasure.

Polypore fungus, as a rule, develops on wood, is extremely rare in the soil, and, depending on the species, can attach to the trunk in different ways.

It is used for food and medicinal purposes, and since it is considered one of the little-studied, during the harvest of such a crop, it is necessary to be sure whether it is poisonous or not.

Types: description and photo

There are more than one and a half thousand species of tinder fungus in the world, we will describe some of them:

Birch. Reaches 4–20 cm in diameter, has a body 2–6 cm thick, convex or flattened. At an early age it has a white color, eventually changing to gray, yellow or brown. The spores are cylindrical and have no color. The birch tinder fungus bears fruit from July to December and grows on dead birch trees. It causes the appearance of rapidly developing brown rot on the wood, as a result of which the trunk quickly collapses.

Is it possible to eat tinder fungus

Among tinder fungi, there are both edible and inedible species. Experienced collectors will be able to determine by the appearance of the fungus whether it can be eaten or not.

In fact, its pulp does not pose a danger to human health, but in most cases it is too hard, and its taste is not worth the time spent chewing. Let us consider in more detail the beneficial properties of the fungus, as well as whether it is dangerous or not.

Beneficial features

The useful properties of tinder fungus include:

improvement of liver function due to agaricin, which is rich in fungus;
laxative and diuretic action;
lowering blood sugar levels;
healing effect.

What are dangerous

Although the mushroom is not poisonous, but its abuse can lead to the following consequences:

vomit;
nausea;
poisoning;
rash.

Medicinal properties and use in traditional medicine

Since this mushroom has a number of useful properties, it is widely used in traditional medicine. Such an ingredient is often used to normalize the activity of the immune system, with depression, stress and in cases of insomnia. Here are some practical cooking recipes.

Did you know? Trutovik is used in cooking in the United States and Germany. In these countries, it is positioned as a delicacy, calling it "chicken mushroom". It tastes like crab meat.

In case of lung diseases, it is necessary to grind the mushroom in advance and put the resulting powder in a water bath in a saucepan. After half an hour, the resulting mass should be wrapped in a towel to keep warm. After 4 hours, strain, and you can drink the resulting liquid in 1 tbsp. l. 4 times a day.
Trutovik is also used for external use as a healing agent. To prepare such a medicine, you will need to take 2 tsp. powder, pour into a jar and pour 150 ml of vodka, leave the infusion for 2 weeks in a dark place. When the time expires, the liquid should be filtered. After that, it is sprayed on the wounded areas of the skin.
For the treatment of chronic constipation, 1 tbsp. l. Pour the powder into 0.5 liters of boiling water, and after half an hour remove from heat and, wrapped in a towel, leave the mixture for 4 hours. At the end of this time, the liquid is drunk in 1 tbsp. l. 4 times a day.

How to use tinder for weight loss

These mushrooms are even used as a means to get rid of excess weight. For this, it is recommended to use a varnished tinder fungus. So, you need 1 tsp. mushroom powder pour 100 ml of boiling water and drink after cooling.

This manipulation is done 3 times a day to obtain the desired effect of losing weight. Taking a decoction for 2 months can cure obesity.

How to cook tinder mushroom

Consider one of the ways to prepare this mushroom. Since these will be cutlets, you will need to make minced meat.

Important! The smaller the minced meat, the tastier the cutlets will be. But you should not use a blender, as it will turn the mushrooms into dust, and as a rule, not cutlets, but pate balls are made from such a mass.

To do this, prepare the following ingredients:

tinder fungus - 1 kg;
bread - 1/2 loaf or any other;
greens - 1 bunch;
garlic - 4–5 heads;
onions - 5 pcs.;
egg - 1 pc.;
salt - to taste;
pepper - to taste.

Now we present a step-by-step recipe for making cutlets:

Many people have learned to use tinder fungus for various purposes. It is believed that this mushroom goes well with many vegetables and meat dishes, and is also an effective tool for losing weight.

Video: How to cook a scaly tinder fungus. Part 2

However, the most important thing in this matter is the ability to distinguish an edible tinder fungus from a toadstool.

Did you know? The maximum dimensions that some tinder fungi reached are as follows: diameter - 1.6 m, weight - 6 kg.

In addition, the best location for mushrooms of this family is a young birch. There they have a significant territory for breeding and the opportunity to grow to an impressive size. It is not recommended to collect mushrooms growing on dry trees and near the ground, especially if they crumble when touched. If you adhere to the lunar calendar, then the collection is best done when the moon is waning.

Trupes represent a non-systematic and little-studied group of fungi, which belongs to the department of basidiomycetes. About 1.5 thousand species are known. There are tinder fungi poisonous and edible, woody and cartilaginous. The mushroom body of all polypores is extremely resistant to any weather conditions - cold, heat, moisture.

Polypores are attached to the body of the tree with the entire fruiting body or only the leg, depending on the species. For the original form, the mushroom is popularly called the "devil's hoof".

The mushroom body is formed by thin threads - hyphae, intertwined with each other. The mushroom picker is immersed deep into the woody body. To penetrate the bark, hyphae secrete enzymes that dissolve the cell walls of wood. The hyphae, at first thin and filiform, become skeletal.

Depending on the shape of the fruiting body, tinder are divided into:

Sedentary. They are attached to the wood with one side. May have side legs.
Outstretched. They look like a thin cake, tightly adhered to the trunk. The color and structure resemble tree bark.
With hat and leg.

The weight of the mushroom body is from 1 to 20 kg. Size - from 20 cm to 200 cm in diameter. They can be gray, red, black, orange, yellow - there are many shades.

When and where does it grow?

The habitat depends on the type of tinder. So sulfur-yellow (conditionally edible) tinder fungus prefers places with a mild climate. But the real tinder fungus is widespread throughout Russia and Europe. He likes to grow on birches and pines, he can also be found on alder, oak, beech, and other trees.

On the one hand, saprophyte negatively affects the environment. Causing white rot of wood tissue, it makes it brittle. It usually infects dead wood, since the main route of infection of a tree with polypore fungi is:

broken branches;
cracks and other damage in the bark.

Tinder fungi for pharmaceutical and food purposes are recommended to be collected:

during spring sap flow;
in autumn - the mushroom, preparing for winter, stocks up with useful substances.

Do not take tinder fungi:

growing on dry wood;
growing near the ground.

Mushrooms located as high as possible are preferable. Mushrooms are cut with a well-sharpened knife or ax. If the mushroom body crumbles, it is not suitable for collection.

Varieties

For tinder, in mushroom science, a special classification is provided. They are divided into:

hymenomycetes - their mycelium is located in the substrate, for example, in wood or soil;
Gasteromycetes - their fruiting bodies are completely closed.
Among the tinder, several families are distinguished:
porium;
polyporous;
telephoric;
coniophoric.

Tinder fungi are predominantly perennials, but there are also annual representatives. They grow throughout the summer - from June to September. Annuals at the end of summer are gradually destroyed and become food for insects.

The body of a perennial grows for months, or even years. By the annual rings, you can find out how many months or years the tinder fungus. The fungus is species diverse. Consider the most famous and common varieties of tinder fungi.

Edible polypores

Among the polypores, there are edible and inedible species. The latter are the vast majority. There are no poisonous varieties among the tinder fungi. You won’t get poisoned with the pulp of tinder fungi, it’s just that many members of the group have it extremely tough. And the taste of these mushrooms is not impressive.

Going into the forest, carefully study the appearance of edible polypore mushrooms. Among them there are several rather tasty specimens - they are used in cooking.

Sulfur yellow tinder fungus

Refers to conditionally edible, and the toxins contained in it can cause poisoning. They use “young growth” for food - their flesh is much more tender than that of the old-timers.

Only young sulfur-yellow tinder fungi growing on deciduous trees are suitable for food. There should be no dark spots on their hats.

Cut mushroom bodies can be stored in the refrigerator for 3-5 days. They can also be frozen for a whole year. In order for the product not to spoil, a temperature of at least minus 18 ° C is needed.

On the video you can see how sulfur-yellow tinder fungus with onions and dill is fried in forest conditions. The recipe is clear and step by step. The author of the video also offers other ways to cook tinder fungus:

Scaly

Prefers to grow on deciduous trees, especially loves elms. Its yellowish-gray fruiting body is covered with brownish speckled scales. Scaly tinder fungi grow singly. They have thick black legs. At a young age, they are suitable for food - they are pickled, salted, dried, added to sauces and soups. Traditional medicine uses them to produce drugs that stimulate the gallbladder.

It can be found on oak trees. It is shaped like a tongue. The body is fleshy, as if saturated with a red liquid. Growing time - from July to frost. In the section - a marble pattern. Used at a young age - for salting.

It looks like a large lace bouquet. Hat color is brown. There is a multi-colored border. Stripes can be of different colors - black, beige, lemon, orange. Umbrella polypores are popular in China. Here it is often served as a main dish.

Winter

It grows on stumps, on trunks near the ground. Prefers alder, mountain ash, willow. Growth begins in the spring. Grows until frost. The shape of the hat is convex. Color - from yellowish to grayish. The white flesh is good for eating. Usually used for drying.

More than others it looks like a mushroom in the classical view. Its fleshy round cap has folded edges. The leg is short and thick. Used in folk medicine and pharmacology. Young fruits are used for the preparation of powders, extracts, infusions - water and alcohol. When young, it is used for food. Sheep tinder fungus can be pickled, dried, salted.

Inedible tinder fungi

Inedible tinder fungi are not deadly, but can cause unpleasant symptoms:

allergic reaction;
intoxication of the body with the corresponding symptoms - vomiting, dizziness, nausea.

Many tinder fungi, including inedible ones, are actively used in medicine - they are used to prepare medicinal products. Any use of mushrooms should be preceded by a consultation with a therapist.

Birch

Likes to grow on dead birch trunks. Its body is convex, gray-white in color. It contains many amino acids and trace elements. This was appreciated by microorganisms and insects, generously laying larvae in the mushroom. Pharmacology uses mushroom polymers isolated from this fungus to produce a dietary supplement for diabetics.

The video talks about birch tinder fungus, its various uses (medicine) and other useful properties. The blogger shows from his own experience how to use it correctly:

bevelled

It is also called. Grows on birch, alder, mountain ash. The body is hard, woody. The shape is irregular, the surface is rough. Color - dark brown or black. On the cut - white streaks. Chaga is used in medicine - for decoctions and infusions.

Prefers stumps and semi-dry trees. The hat is large and coarse, looking like a sponge. At a young age, it has a yellowish or grayish color, as it grows, it becomes brown with a greenish tint. The taste of the pulp is unpleasant - bitter, gives off anise.

humpbacked

The hat has the shape of a semicircle. Color is greenish. The pulp is dense - white or yellow. The surface of the cap is velvety. The mushroom strengthens blood vessels. It is part of the drugs that treat sarcoma, throat cancer, leukemia. Recent studies have shown that the humpback tinder fungus has a detrimental effect on the AIDS virus.

larch (real)

Grows on larch, fir, cedar. It has a thick fruiting body. Length - 30 cm. Color - white or yellow. The surface is rough. There are furrows and brown spots. Young - soft, later - hard, crumbling. The taste is bitter.

Lacquered (reishi)

A unique mushroom. It is actively used for the treatment of oncology and the cardiovascular system. Demanded in folk medicine.

Why are tinder fungi dangerous to trees?

Killer mushrooms perform an important mission in the forest - they free up space for new trees. Peculiar orderlies of the forest. But in orchards grown by man, polypore fungi must be fought mercilessly.

How to deal with tinder fungi?

What affects the growth of tinder fungus?

Trupes live on both dead and living trees. Ideal growing conditions for tinder fungus:

A certain type of tree - depends on the variety of tinder fungus. Some like coniferous trees, others like deciduous ones.
The fruiting body needs light.
High humidity promotes growth. It is not in vain that the trunks are looking for wet places - cellars, earthen shelters, wells.

The value and benefits of the mushroom

The chemical composition of many polypores is poorly understood. In the composition of these mushrooms, scientists have discovered antitumor substances, so now their composition is being actively studied. In the tinder bodies, one can find "deposits" of potassium, calcium, copper, iron, manganese, zinc, lead, cadmium, germanium. The collection of tinder fungi intended for medicinal or food (if the species is edible) purposes is not recommended near roads and near industrial zones.

The people call the mushroom forest chicken - for its unusual shape and nutritional value. 100 g of the fruiting body contains 22 kcal. 100 g of mushroom contains:

protein - 3.09 g;
fats - 0.34 g;
carbohydrates - 3.26 g;
water - 92.45 g.

cellulose;
resinous substances;
B vitamins;
minerals;
lipids;
amino acids.

Application in medicine

Trutoviki are valued primarily as a remedy. Mushrooms are used for external and internal use. They are prepared from:

alcohol tinctures;
decoctions;
dry powders - for dissolving in water.

Polypores promote the breakdown of fats, remove radionuclides, carcinogens and poisons from the body, restore the digestive system, treat constipation, and kill bacteria that cause gastritis.

Each tinder fungus has certain properties, therefore, specific types of tinder fungi are used to treat certain diseases.

cultivation

All tinder spores reproduce - they are located on the basidia. Groups of spores, maturing in tubules, tightly fused together, spill out. They are blown away by the wind to new habitats. Once on fertile soil - old or damaged wood, they begin to reproduce. A mycelium is formed, which, branching along the tree bark, destroys it.

Growing on a substrate

Polypores are easy to cultivate. Grow them in the substrate. For its preparation you need:

sawdust;
shavings;
bark of small branches.

Stumps and wooden beams can be used as a substrate. Having made holes with a drill, mycelium is laid in them.

Mycelium laying order:

The mixture is poured with boiling water.
When the temperature of the substrate drops to room temperature, it is squeezed out and mixed with mycelium.
Arranged in plastic bags.
Having made cuts in the bags, they are placed in a room where the humidity is 80%. Lighting - natural, temperature - 20°C.
Harvest will be ready after 30-40 days.

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