Show the abilities of people with disabilities. The World's Most Famous Disabled People: People with Disabilities or Limitless

Famous disabled people in history

Do you have a disability or serious illness? You are not alone. Many people with disabilities have contributed to society. Among them are actors, actresses, celebrities, singers, politicians and many other famous people.

There are, of course, millions of unknown people who live, fight and overcome their disease every day.

Here is some list of famous disabled people to prove that it is possible to overcome the so-called disability barrier.

Vanga(Vangelia Pandeva Gushterova, nee Dimitrova; January 31, 1911, Strumitsa, Ottoman Empire - August 11, 1996 Petrich, Bulgaria) - Bulgarian clairvoyant. Born in the Ottoman Empire in the family of a poor Bulgarian peasant. At the age of 12, Vanga lost her sight due to a hurricane, during which a whirlwind threw her hundreds of meters away. She was found only in the evening with her eyes clogged with sand. Her family was unable to provide treatment, and as a result, Vanga became blind.

Franklin Delano Roosevelt 32nd President of the United States (1933-1945) (sick with polio in 1921).

Kutuzov(Golenishchev-Kutuzov) Mikhail Illarionovich (1745-1813)

Most Serene Prince Smolensky(1812), Russian commander, Field Marshal General (1812) (blindness of one eye).

Composer Ludwig van Beethoven(he lost his hearing with age).

Musician Stevie Wonder(blindness).

Sarah Bernard, actress (lost her leg as a result of an injury in a fall).

Marley Matlin, (deafness).

Christopher Reeve, an American actor who played the role of Superman, was paralyzed after falling from a horse.

Ivan IV Vasilyevich(Grozny) (Russian Tsar) - epilepsy, severe paranoia

Peter I Aleseevich Romanov(Russian Tsar, later Russian Emperor) - epilepsy, chronic alcoholism

I.V. Dzhugashvili(Stalin) (generalissimo, second head of the USSR) - partial paralysis of the upper limbs

Cerebral paralysis

Cerebral paralysis- this term refers to a group of non-progressive non-communicable diseases associated with damage to areas of the brain, most often causing movement disorders.

Celebrities with CPU

Jeri Jewell(09/13/1956) - comedian. She made her debut in the TV show "Life Facts". Jeri shows from personal experience that the behavior and actions of cirrhotic patients are often misunderstood. Jerry is called a pioneer among disabled comedians.

Anna McDonald is an Australian writer and disability rights activist. Her illness developed as a result of a birth trauma. She was diagnosed with an intellectual disability, and at the age of three, her parents placed her in the Melbourne Hospital for the Seriously Disabled, where she spent 11 years without education and treatment. In 1980, in collaboration with Rosemary Crossley, she wrote the story of her life, "Anna's Exit", subsequently filmed.

Christy Brown(06/5/1932 - 09/06/1981) - Irish author, artist and poet. The film "My Left Leg" was made about his life. For years, Christy Brown was unable to walk or speak on his own. Doctors considered him mentally handicapped. However, his mother continued to talk to him, develop him and tried to teach him. At the age of five, he took a piece of chalk from his sister with his left foot - the only limb that obeys him - and began to draw on the floor. His mother taught him the alphabet, and he diligently copied each letter, holding the chalk between his toes. He eventually learned to speak and read.

Chris Foncheska- comedian. He worked at the American Comedy Club and wrote material for comedians such as Jerry Seinfeld, Jay Leno and Roseanne Arnold. Chris Foncheska is the first (and only) person with a clear disability to work on Late Night with David Letterman in the show's 18-year history. Many stories of Chris are devoted to his illness. He notes that this helps break down many preconceived barriers about cerebral palsy.

Chris Nolan- Irish author. He was educated in Dublin. He acquired cerebral palsy as a result of a two-hour oxygen starvation after birth. His mother believed that he understood everything, and continued to teach him at home. Eventually, a drug was discovered that allowed him to move one muscle in his neck. Thanks to this, Chris was able to learn how to type. Nolan never said a word in his life, but his poetry has been compared to Joyce, Keats and Yeats. He published his first collection of poems at the age of fifteen.

Stephen Hawking- World famous physicist. He defied time and the doctor's claims that he would not live two years after he was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as Charcot's disease. Hawking cannot walk, speak, swallow, has difficulty in raising his head, he has difficulty breathing. Hawking, 51, was told of the illness 30 years ago when he was an unknown college student.

Miguel Cervantes(1547 - 1616) - Spanish writer. Cervantes is best known as the author of one of the greatest works of world literature - the novel The Cunning Hidalgo Don Quixote of La Mancha. In 1571, Cervantes, being in military service in the navy, took part in the battle of Lepanto, where he was seriously wounded by a shot from an arc:) zy, due to which he lost his left arm.

Pavel Luspekaev, actor (Vereshchagin from "The White Sun of the Desert") - Amputated feet.

Grigory Zhuravlev, the artist - from birth was without arms and legs. He painted with a brush in his mouth.

Admiral Nelson- without hands and eyes.

Homer(blindness) ancient Greek poet, author of the Odyssey

Franklin Roosevelt(polio) 32nd President of the United States

Ludwig Beethoven(deafness with age) great German composer

Stevie Wonder(blindness) American musician

Marlin Matlin(deafness) American actress. She became the first and only deaf actress to win an Academy Award for Best Actress for Children of a Lesser God.

Christopher Reeve(paralysis) American actor

Grigory Zhuravlev(lack of legs and arms) Russian artist (more)

Elena Keller(deaf-blind) American writer, teacher

Maresyev Alexey(leg amputation) ace pilot, Hero of the Soviet Union

Oscar Pistorius(legless) athlete

Diana Gudaevna Gurtskaya- Russian Georgian singer. Member of the SPS.

Valentin Ivanovich Dikul. In 1962, Valentin Dikul fell from a great height while performing a stunt in a circus. The doctors' verdict was ruthless: "Compression fracture of the spine in the lumbar region and traumatic brain injury." . One of the main achievements of Dikul was his own method of rehabilitation, protected by copyright certificates and patents. In 1988, the "Russian Center for the Rehabilitation of Patients with Spinal Cord Injuries and the Consequences of Infantile Cerebral Palsy" was opened - the Dikul Center. In subsequent years, 3 more V.I. Dikul centers were opened in Moscow alone. Then, under the scientific guidance of Valentin Ivanovich, a number of rehabilitation clinics appeared throughout Russia, in Israel, Germany, Poland, America, etc.

Honored Master of Sports, athlete of the Omsk Paralympic Training Center Elena Chistilina. She won a silver medal at the XIII Paralympic Games in Beijing and two bronze medals at the 2004 Paralympic Games in Athens, and repeatedly won Russian championships. In 2006, by the Decree of the President of Russia, the athlete was awarded the medal of the Order "For Merit to the Fatherland" II degree.

Taras Kryzhanovsky(1981). He was born without two feet. Honored Master of Sports in cross-country skiing among the disabled, champion and prize-winner of the IX Paralympic Games in Turin (nomination "For outstanding achievements in sports").

Andrea Bocelli. Italian opera singer Andrea Bocelli was born in 1958 in Lajatico in the province of Tuscany. Despite his blindness, he has become one of the most memorable voices in modern opera and pop music. Bocelli is equally good at performing classical repertoire and pop ballads. He has recorded duets with Celine Dion, Sarah Brightman, Eros Razazzotti and El Jarre. The latter, who sang "The Night Of Proms" with him in November 1995, said of Bocelli: "I had the honor of singing with the most beautiful voice in the world"...

Stephen William Hawking(Eng. Stephen William Hawking, born January 8, 1942, Oxford, UK) is one of the most influential theoretical physicists of our time in the scientific sense and known to the general public. Hawking's main area of ​​research is cosmology and quantum gravity.
For three decades now, the scientist has been suffering from an incurable disease - multiple sclerosis. This is a disease in which motor neurons gradually die and the person becomes more and more helpless ... After a throat operation in 1985, he lost the ability to speak. Friends gave him a speech synthesizer that was installed on his wheelchair and with which Hawking can communicate with others.
Married twice, three children, grandchildren.

Daniela Rozzek- "wheelchair", paralympic woman of Germany - fencing. In addition to playing sports, she studies at a design school and works in a center for helping the elderly. Raising a daughter. Together with other German Paralympians, she starred for an erotic calendar.

Zhadovskaya Yulia Valerianovna- July 11, 1824 - August 8, 1883, poetess, prose writer. She was born with a physical handicap - without a hand of one hand. She was a very interesting, talented person, she communicated with a large circle of talented people of her era.

Sarah Bernard- March 24, 1824 - March 26, 1923, actress ("divine Sarah"). Many prominent theater figures, such as K. S. Stanislavsky, considered the art of Bernard a model of technical perfection. However, virtuoso skill, sophisticated technique, artistic taste were combined in Bernard with deliberate showiness, some artificiality of the game. In 1905, while on tour in Rio de Janeiro, the actress injured her right leg, and in 1915 her leg had to be amputated. Nevertheless, Bernard did not leave the stage. During World War I, Bernard served at the front. In 1914 she was awarded the Order of the Legion of Honor.

Stevie Wonder- May 13, 1950 American soul singer, songwriter, pianist and record producer. He is called the greatest musician of our time, achieved impressive success in the musical field, being blind from birth, received the Grammy Award 22 times, Wonder's name is immortalized in the Rock and Roll Hall of Fame and the Composers Hall of Fame.

The view and attitude of society towards a special category of the population, which is people with disabilities, has changed over the centuries, going from categorical non-recognition to sympathy, support and loyalty. In fact, this is an indicator, a decisive factor that determines the degree of moral maturity and economic viability of a well-coordinated civil society.

Attitudes towards persons with special needs through the ages

The literal meaning of the term "disabled person" is identified with such words as "unfit", "inferior". In the era of the reforms carried out by Peter I, former military men, people with disabilities who were injured or ill during hostilities began to be called disabled. At the same time, the general definition of such a group of individuals, i.e., all persons with physical, mental or other disabilities that prevent normal full-fledged life, appeared in the post-war period - in the middle of the twentieth century.

A significant breakthrough in the difficult path of people with disabilities to acquire their own rights was the adoption of a major document at the international level. This refers to the Declaration on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities, signed in 1975 by UN member states. According to this multilateral treaty, the concept of "disabled person" began to mean the following: it is any person who, due to congenital or acquired physical or mental limitations, is not able to realize his own needs without outside help (full or partial).

The system of supporting the socialization of disabled people

In accordance with the legislation of the Russian Federation, today absolutely all people with disabilities can be called disabled. To establish the appropriate group, MSEC is assigned by a specialized civil service.

Over the past few centuries, attitudes towards such people have changed dramatically. If even some two hundred years ago everything was limited to ordinary care, today things are different. A whole functioning system has been created, which includes a complex of organizations designed for the specific maintenance of disabled people, rehabilitation centers and much more.

It is impossible not to mention the well-established efficiency of educational institutions in which disabled children can receive a decent education, as well as institutions whose graduates are ready to devote their lives to helping people with disabilities. It covers not only physical, but also psychological and moral aspects.

Labor Market Problems

It is necessary to highlight such an important point as work for people with disabilities. Modern labor markets for people with disabilities are a separate spectrum in the economy of the state, depending on special factors and patterns. It is impossible to resolve this issue without the help of the governing state bodies. Citizens who do not have sufficient competitiveness are in dire need of state assistance in finding an appropriate job.

It is possible to determine at what stage in society people with disabilities are, taking into account a number of objective and subjective points:

• financial income and level of material support;
• education or possible potential for obtaining it;
• satisfaction with social guarantees provided by the state.

The lack of permanent employment and unemployment among the disabled is a rather acute problem throughout the country due to the scale of the likely negative consequences.

Why are people with disabilities not successful people?

Often, the low status in society occupied by disabled people is easily explained by the lack of proper psychological rehabilitation. In particular, this applies not only to persons who were injured already in adulthood, but also to disabled children. As a result, such people do not pursue clear life goals, do not have specific attitudes due to the lack of professional skills, knowledge and skills.

The current situation is significantly aggravated by the fact that the majority of entrepreneurs, to put it mildly, are not ready to provide jobs for people with disabilities. Employers are reluctant to hire such people, since providing them with jobs equipped for their needs, a full package of preferential conditions is extremely unprofitable. After all, you will have to reduce working hours and productivity requirements in accordance with Russian law, and this is fraught with losses for businessmen. Despite the large number of existing legal acts regulating job quotas in enterprises and the employment mechanism, the current heads of firms, organizations, companies, as a rule, find good reasons to refuse to employ disabled people. In general, it is possible to single out a single system consisting of several factors that determine the specifics of the employment of persons with physical disabilities.

Stereotypical barriers

People with disabilities are stereotyped by employers. Most managers unequivocally believe that people with disabilities cannot have a decent professional experience, they are not able to perform their job duties in full, and they will not be able to build good relationships in the team. In addition, health problems are fraught with frequent sick leave, instability, and sometimes inappropriate behavior. All this, according to employers, testifies to the professional unsuitability of a person, his insolvency.

The prevalence of such stereotypes has a large-scale impact on the attitude towards persons with disabilities, discriminating against them and depriving them of the chance to adapt in official labor relations.

Choosing a profession that does not correspond to the possibilities

A small percentage of people with disabilities can correctly build a personal strategy for professional growth. The first step in this process is making the right decision about choosing a future specialty, its likely prospects. When entering universities to study in chosen specialties and areas, people with disabilities often make the main mistake here. Not all disabled people are able to sensibly assess their abilities and physiological capabilities based on the severity of their health status, accessibility, study conditions. Guided by the principle “I can and I want”, not taking into account the realities of the current labor market situation, many of them do not think about where they can find a job in the future.

This implies the need to develop an additional vector in the activities of employment services, which will give results during the implementation of preventive measures to overcome the unemployment of people with disabilities. It is important to teach such people to look at employment through the prism of their own potential.

Lack of working conditions for the disabled

An analysis of the statistical data of the most demanded and popular vacancies for people with disabilities has shown that such people are mainly offered jobs that do not require a highly qualified approach. Such positions provide for low wages, a simple monotonous work process (watchmen, operators, assemblers, seamstresses, etc.). Meanwhile, it cannot be categorically stated that this state of affairs is due only to the limited nature of persons with special needs.

A significant role is played by the underdevelopment of the labor market in creating the necessary conditions for the activities of disabled people.

Fighting for the rights of persons with special needs

At the moment, many public, charitable and volunteer associations are implementing their activities, regularly advocating close attention to the plight of the disabled. Their main task is to increase the level of social protection of this category of the population. In addition, over the past few years, it is impossible not to notice a positive trend towards the widespread inclusion of people with disabilities in public life, using their unlimited potential. Societies of people with disabilities go through a difficult path, breaking down barriers and destroying stereotypes.

Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities

The above-mentioned Declaration on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is not the only document regulating the rights of such people. A few years ago, another international treaty acquired legal significance, in no way inferior in importance to the previous one. The 2008 Convention on the Rights of Persons with Disabilities is a kind of appeal to states to solve the numerous problems of this social sphere as soon as possible. Creating a barrier-free environment - this is how this project can be informally called. People with disabilities should have full physical accessibility not only in the literal sense - to buildings, premises, cultural and memorial sites, but also to information, television, places of employment, transport, etc.

The 2008 UN Convention outlines the rights of persons with disabilities, which must be ensured at the state level by health care, education, and important political decision-making. An important point of the international document is that it affirms the fundamental principles of non-discrimination, independence and respect for such people. Russia was no exception among the countries that ratified the Convention, taking this important step for the entire state back in 2009.

The significance of the adoption of this international document for our state is invaluable. The statistics are not encouraging: a tenth of Russians have a disability group. More than two thirds of them are occupied by patients with cardiovascular and oncological diseases. They were followed by carriers of diseases of the musculoskeletal system and the musculoskeletal system.

The activity of the state in solving the problem

Over the past few years, the main areas of support for people with disabilities have been work on regulatory, financial, organizational social security. The question of how to raise incomes and improve the lives of people with disabilities deserves special attention. Considering that the implementation of social programs aimed at supporting the disabled continues, it is already possible to draw an intermediate result now:

• public organizations of the disabled receive state subsidies;
• disability pension has doubled in recent years;
• more than 200 rehabilitation centers for the disabled and about 300 specialized institutions for children have been established.

It cannot be said that all problems in this area have been solved. Their list is quite long. Among them, a whole set can be singled out, namely: regular failures in the operation of the MSEC mechanism, difficulties that arise during the rehabilitation activities of disabled people, the presence of conflicts in regulations denoting the rights of disabled people to sanatorium treatment.

Conclusion

The only fact that causes only a positive attitude is the realization that modern Russia has determined the course and direction for the long-awaited transition from the current social system to new principles, according to which all obstacles and barriers must be removed.

After all, human capabilities are not limited. And no one has the right to interfere with full-fledged effective participation in public life, to make important decisions on an equal basis with others.

We are used to sad stories about people with disabilities who need help appearing in the media. But it turns out that there are other stories… Their heroes were able not only to overcome their illness, but also to achieve great success.

fly into space

The world famous physicist, despite his “limited abilities”, has already passed the necessary tests and is included in the team that will go to conquer Mars in the future. But the worst thing is that in his youth he was healthy, but after he was diagnosed with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, also known as Charcot's disease, the doctors actually sentenced Hawking. They said that he would not last even two years ... That was many years ago, and during this time Hawking became not only a scientist, but also a teacher. One of the fans made a special program for him, thanks to which he can communicate with people through an electronic translator. In addition, Hawking is not the first time married, and he has children! In general, despite all the difficulties, he lives a full life and is not going to stop there.

About leg

About this famous Irish artist, the film "My Left Foot" was made. Why leg? It turns out that in childhood it was the only limb that the boy could independently control. Christie could hardly move, relatives considered him mentally handicapped. Only her beloved mother believed in the boy's abilities and always spoke kindly to him, read books to him, showed him pictures, tried to develop him.

And a miracle happened! At the age of five, the boy took a piece of chalk from his sister with his left foot and began to draw on the floor. This once again proves that if you work with a child, then his abilities can be developed. And if they are not dealt with, then even a healthy baby will lag behind in development. As a result, the boy made significant progress - he learned to read, speak and draw. He lived only 49 years - a short life for a healthy person and a very long one for a disabled person.

Anna Macdonald became a writer...

This woman's story is amazing. Anna MacDonald wrote a memoir about her life called "Anna's Exit", which was later filmed. She achieved such success on her own, because once her parents abandoned her.

During the birth of the girl, an injury occurred that gave impetus to the disease. Doctors diagnosed Anna with intellectual inferiority. Desperate, the parents gave the girl to a special shelter for severely disabled people, that is, they actually abandoned the child. Alas, there Anna was not provided with the necessary attention or treatment. But, apparently, God helped her, because she developed independently, learned to read and write, draw, was drawn to communicate with people ... Now Anna writes books, she has a family. In addition, she is active in public activities to fight for the rights of people with disabilities.

“It is important for me that by helping myself, I help others,” MacDonald says. “After all, so many disabled people could find themselves if only a little help was given to them. Give confidence in your strength and provide conditions for creativity.

... and Chris Foncheska as screenwriter

This American did not want to put up with a diagnosis of cerebral palsy and the prospect of all his life doing nothing but being at the full service of his relatives.

“I can't move, but my mental abilities are much more developed than those of many healthy people,” he says. “After all, I read a lot and educated myself.

In the end, he was successful. His scripts began to be taken to television and cinema, and he also wrote several books and articles about people suffering from cerebral palsy.

Chris Nolan found himself in poetry

Like the Irish artist Brown, Chris was developed by his mother, who did not want to put up with her son's diagnosis of cerebral palsy. The first years the boy could not move at all, but his mother did developmental exercises with him, tirelessly read books to him, let him listen to classical music.

And a miracle happened - Chris began to move. A little at first, but every day more and more confidently. When he grew up, Chris learned to type on a typewriter. This skill made a revolution in his life, because very soon his poems appeared on paper, first published when he was fifteen years old.

Jerry Jewell conquered television

Jerry has suffered from cerebral palsy since childhood. Despite this, she managed to get an education, and most importantly, to fulfill her childhood dream of acting. She became the first famous disabled actor, making her debut on the TV show Life Facts.

“The behavior of a disabled person and in general his actions are often misunderstood,” Jerry says in his interviews. “We don’t want pity and any “special conditions” at all. On the contrary, give disabled people the same rights as ordinary people. If a person can and wants to work at least with his head, give him a chance.

After Jerry became famous, several other people with disabilities followed in her footsteps and became actors.

Notable disabled people of the past

People who became disabled in the last century had an even harder time, because there was no care system for people with disabilities, no good prostheses, no modern wheelchairs. But there were courageous people!

For example, the famous French actress, whose leg was amputated at the age of 72. At the same time, the actress continued to perform without using either crutches or prostheses. She was taken to the stage, and she played sitting. “I can put up with the inevitable,” the actress answered all questions about her health.

Everyone knows about the Paralympic movement now. Some Paralympic athletes are as famous as their healthy counterparts. And some of these amazing people challenge ordinary athletes and not only compete on a par with them, but also win. Below are 10 of the most striking examples of this in the history of world sports.

1. Markus Rehm Germany. Athletics

As a child, Markus was engaged in wakeboarding. At the age of 14, in a training accident, he lost his right leg below the knee. Despite this, Markus returned to the sport and in 2005 won the German youth wakeboarding championship.
After that, Rem switched to athletics and took up the long jump and sprint, using a special prosthesis like the one that Oscar Pistorius has. In 2011-2014, Rem won numerous handicapped tournaments, including the London 2012 Paralympics (gold in the long jump and bronze in the 4x100m relay).
In 2014, Rem won the long jump at the German National Championships, ahead of former European champion Christian Reif. However, the German Athletics Union did not allow Röhm to participate in the 2014 European Championships: biomechanical measurements showed that due to the use of a prosthesis, the athlete has some advantages over ordinary athletes.

2. Natalie du Toit SOUTH AFRICA. Swimming

Natalie was born on January 29, 1984 in Cape Town. She has been swimming since childhood. At the age of 17, returning from training, Natalie was hit by a car. Doctors had to amputate the girl's left leg. However, Natalie continued to play sports, and competed not only with Paralympic athletes, but also with healthy athletes. In 2003, she won the All-Africa Games in the 800m and took bronze in the Afro-Asian Games in the 400m freestyle.
At the Beijing Olympics in 2008, du Toit competed in the 10 km open water swim on par with able-bodied athletes and finished 16th out of 25 participants. She became the first athlete in history to be entrusted with carrying her country's flag at the opening ceremonies of both the Olympic and Paralympic Games.

3. Oscar Pistorius SOUTH AFRICA. Athletics

Oscar Pistroius was born on November 22, 1986 in Johannesburg to a wealthy family. Oscar had a congenital physical defect - he had no fibulae in both legs. So that the boy could use prostheses, it was decided to amputate his legs below the knee.
Despite his disability, Oscar studied at a regular school and was actively involved in sports: rugby, tennis, water polo and wrestling, but subsequently decided to concentrate on running. For Pistorius, special prostheses were constructed from carbon fiber - a very durable and lightweight material.
Among athletes with disabilities, Pistorius was unrivaled in the sprint: from 2004 to 2012, he won 6 gold, 1 silver and 1 bronze medals at the Paralympic Games. For a long time he sought the opportunity to compete with healthy athletes. At first, sports officials prevented this: at first it was believed that the springy prostheses would give Pistorius an advantage over other runners, then there were fears that the prostheses could cause injury to other athletes. In 2008, Oscar Pistorius finally won the right to compete for ordinary athletes. In 2011, he won a silver medal with the South African national team in the 4x100m relay.
Oscar Pistorius' career was cut short on February 14, 2013, when he killed his model girlfriend Riva Steenkamp. Pistorius claimed that he committed the murder by mistake, mistaking the girl for a robber, but the court considered the murder intentional and sentenced the athlete to 5 years in prison.

4. Natalia Partyka Poland. Table tennis

Natalya Partyka was born with a congenital handicap - without her right hand and forearm. Despite this, since childhood, Natalya has been playing table tennis: she played holding a racket in her left hand.
In 2000, 11-year-old Partyka took part in the Paralympic Games in Sydney, becoming the youngest participant in the games. In total, she has 3 gold, 2 silver and 1 bronze Paralympic medals.
At the same time, Partyka participates in competitions for healthy athletes. In 2004 she won two gold medals at the European Cadet Championship, in 2008 and 2014 she won bronze at the adult European Championship and in 2009 she won silver.

5. Hector Castro Uruguay. Football

At the age of 13, Hector Castro lost his right hand as a result of careless handling of an electric saw. However, this did not stop him from playing great football. He was even nicknamed El manco - "one-armed".
As part of the Uruguay national team, Castro won the 1928 Olympics and the first FIFA World Cup in 1930 (Castro scored the last goal in the final), as well as two South American championships and three Uruguayan championships.
After the end of his career as a football player, Castro became a coach. Under his leadership, his native club Nacional won the national championship 5 times.

6. Murray Halberg New Zealand. Athletics

Murray Halberg was born July 7, 1933 in New Zealand. In his youth, he played rugby, but during one of the matches he received a severe injury to his left hand. Despite all the efforts of doctors, the hand remained paralyzed.
Despite his disability, Halberg did not give up sports, but switched to long-distance running. Already in 1954 he won his first national title. In 1958, at the Commonwealth Games, he won gold in the three-mile race and was named New Zealand Sportsman of the Year.
At the 1960 Olympics in Rome, Halberg competed in the 5,000 and 10,000 meters. At the first distance he won, and at the second he took 5th place.
In 1961, Halberg set three world records over 1 mile in 19 days. In 1962, he again competed at the Commonwealth Games, where he flew the New Zealand flag at the opening ceremony and defended his title in the three-mile race. Murray Halberg ended his sports career in 1964 after participating in the Tokyo Olympics in 1964, finishing seventh in the 10,000 meters.
Leaving the big sport, Halberg took up charity work. In 1963, he created the Halberg Trust for disabled children, which became the Halberg Disability Sport Foundation in 2012.
In 1988, Murray Halberg was awarded the honorary title of Knight Bachelor for his service to sports and disabled children.

7. Takács Károly Hungary. Pistol shooting

Already in the 1930s, the Hungarian soldier Karoly Takacs was considered a world-class shooter. However, he could not take part in the 1936 Olympics, since he only had the rank of sergeant, and only officers were taken to the shooting team. In 1938, Takachu's right arm was blown off by a faulty grenade. In secret from his colleagues, he began to train, holding a pistol in his left hand, and the very next year he was able to win the Hungarian Championship and the European Championship.
In 1948, at the London Olympics, Takacs won the pistol shooting competition, surpassing the world record. Four years later, at the Olympic Games in Helsinki, Karoly Takacs successfully defended his title and became the first ever two-time Olympic champion in rapid-fire pistol shooting competitions.
After finishing his career as an athlete, Takach worked as a coach. His pupil Szilard Kuhn won the silver medal at the 1952 Olympics in Helsinki.

8. Lim Dong Hyun. South Korea. Archery

Lim Dong Hyun suffers from a severe form of myopia: his left eye sees only 10%, and his right eye only 20%. Despite this, the Korean athlete is engaged in archery.
For Lim, the targets are just colored spots, but the athlete basically does not use glasses or contact lenses, and also refuses laser vision correction. As a result of long training, Lim has developed a phenomenal muscle memory that allows him to achieve amazing results: he is a two-time Olympic champion and a four-time world archery champion.

9. Oliver Halashshi (Halassy Olivér). Hungary. Water polo and swimming

At the age of 8, Oliver was hit by a tram and lost part of his left leg below the knee. Despite his disability, he was actively involved in sports - swimming and water polo. Halashsi was a member of the Hungarian water floor team, the world leader in this sport in the 1920s and 1930s. As part of the national team, he won three European Championships (in 1931, 1934 and 1938) and two Olympics (in 1932 and 1936), and also became the silver medalist of the 1928 Olympics.
In addition, Halashsi showed good results in freestyle swimming, but only at the national level. He won about 30 gold medals in the Hungarian championships, but at the international level his results were weaker: only in 1931 he won the European Championship in the 1500-meter freestyle, and did not swim at all at the Olympic Games.
At the end of his sports career, Oliver Halashshi worked as an auditor.
Oliver Khalashshi died under very vague circumstances: on September 10, 1946, he was shot dead by a Soviet soldier of the Central Group of Forces in his own car. For obvious reasons, this fact was not advertised in socialist Hungary, and the details of the incident remained not fully clarified.

10. George Eyser USA. Gymnastics

Georg Eiser was born in 1870 in the German city of Kiel. In 1885, his family emigrated to the United States, and therefore the athlete became known by the English form of the name - George Eyser.
In his youth, Eiser was hit by a train and almost completely lost his left leg. He was forced to use a wooden prosthesis. Despite this, Eiser did a lot of sports - in particular, gymnastics. He took part in the 1904 Olympics, where he won 6 medals in various gymnastic disciplines (exercises on the uneven bars, vault, rope climbing - gold; exercises on a horse and exercises on 7 shells - silver; exercises on the crossbar - bronze). Thus, George Eiser is the most decorated amputee athlete in the history of the Olympics.
At the same Olympics, Eiser participated in triathlon (long jump, shot put and 100-meter snatch), but took the last, 118th place.
After the Olympic triumph, Eiser continued to perform as part of the Concordia gymnastic team. In 1909 he won the National Gymnastics Festival in Cincinnati.

What do we know about how people live without arms or legs? What difficulties are overcome every minute by those who are diagnosed with cerebral palsy or Down syndrome? Surprisingly, it is these people who have the strength and wisdom to motivate us. - healthy, strong and often ungrateful.

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This article is not about those who like to feel sorry for themselves with the first rays of difficulties. Blame the whole world for injustice when a man leaves, and cry into the pillow, lying on the couch.

It's about people. Very brave, strong, whom we try not to notice in everyday life.

Today I woke up. I am well. I'm alive. I am grateful. How do we start our mornings? I think no. Coffee, shower, sandwiches, rush, frantic whirlpool of plans.

Sometimes we don't even notice those around us. Stop for a second! Look around! Mom and daughter are sitting on the bench. Daughter twenty years old. It looks like she has Down syndrome. We immediately avert our eyes and pretend not to notice this couple. That's what the majority does.

Every day these strong people start the morning with a fight- for life, for the ability to move, to exist. For people like us to notice them and accept them into their cruel world.

We offer 3 stories. Amazing, challenging, tearful, inspiring and, hooray- destroying the social framework in our head.

Welcome.

Story one

Trafalgar Venus

How is it to be born without arms and practically without legs? Become a victim of a drug for toxicosis, which was prescribed to pregnant women in the 60s. Being abandoned by a mother and subjected to endless bullying in an orphanage. And with this "jackpot" to find the courage and strength to become a talented artist, an amazing person and a happy mother.

"I'm just a natural anomaly"- Alison jokes. Oh yeah! This beautiful woman has the strength to joke about herself.

She began drawing at the age of three, holding a pencil between her toes. But after the operation, her legs lost their mobility, and the girl began to hold a pencil with her teeth.

After graduating from the orphanage, she entered the faculty of painting and, as best she could, lived independently, every day making a new victory over herself. She hates the word "disabled", learns to live in society.

“Yes, people are always looking at me. I know what I get every time I leave my house.” Alison is raising her son on her own and finds in herself the universal wisdom to take care of the boy so that he does not feel “different”. "They look at us like that because we're really great."

In the center of London on the famous square for two years stood a statue called Trafalgar Venus. It was created by the famous sculptor and designer Mark Quinn, who was captivated by Alison's courage and femininity.

She is beautiful and stubborn, travels a lot, speaks at conferences, writes new paintings. She has her own charitable organization, Mouth and Foot. Alison's life is full of restrictions due to the anomaly, but she breaks the boundaries and stereotypes, lives an exceptionally fulfilling and interesting life.

Alison wrote an autobiography with a very symbolic title"My life is in my hands".

And yours?

Story two

Sunny Ellie

Waking up, we do not know whether grief or joy awaits us during the day.

So early in the morning in an ordinary British family, a 16-month-old sun with eyes the color of the sky had a temperature rise.

Nothing special for kids. But the little heart conceived something of its own and stopped beating. Diagnosis- meningitis. Contrary to all predictions, the baby survived. She just really wanted to live. Joy treacherously fled after four days: arms and legs must be amputated- dot.

Tell me, how can a child live without arms and legs in this world? How to communicate with peers, how to learn to want to live again? Is it even possible? And this little smart girl not only dared- she staged a boycott of grief.

Before you is the only little man in the world who has masteredparalympic bionic blades. Ellie became the first child to play football professionally for the school team on a par with her physically fit peers.

little sun- the most dedicated fan of football and the Arsenal team. Together with dad, they do not miss a single match.

“She loves to play football and feels like a fish in water on the football field. When I watch her play, I completely forget that she has no legs. ”, - says Ellie's mom.

Not everything went so smoothly immediately after the operation. Re-learn to walk- now on dentures. The very first ones caused a lot of pain, but Ellie agreed to wear them for at least 20 minutes a day.

A small but big hero, stubborn and courageous, motivating completely different people all over the planet.

And if someday it seems to you that you are unhappy, that the world is cruel and unfair to you- remember this tiny miracle Ellie. How she smiles and greedily runs forward on her amazing path.

Story three

Braveheart brave to the end

And now, instead of a bar of delicious chocolate, let's taste a bit of bitter human cruelty.

One day, Lizzy turned on her laptop and found a video of herself called “The Ugliest Woman in the World.” The control shot to the temple was the comments below:"Lord, how does she live, with such and such a mug." "Lizzie, kill yourself," these "people" advised.

The girl cried for several days, and then she began to watch the video over and over again - to the point of nausea - and suddenly realized that it no longer bothered her. All this is just decorations, and she wants to be happy, so it's time to change them.

Lizzy was born with an illness unknown to the world so far. Her body does not absorb fat at all. In order not to die, she needs to eat every 15 minutes. She weighs 25 kg with a height of 152 cm. Oh yes, she is also blind in one eye.

In the hospital, the child was advised to refuse, referring to the fact that she would never walk or talk. And they strongly recommended that parents not give birth to children anymore, otherwise a disabled person will be born again.

It's amazing how people love to give advice and teach life when you don't ask for it at all. The Velazquez family gave the world two more children, completely healthy and beautiful.

Lizzy grew up and not only learned to walk and talk, but also graduated from the University of Texas, wrote three books,gave a speech at the TED Austin Women in her native Texas and made a documentary about her life.

Here are some tips for an amazing and perky girl.

Never let anyone label you. No matter what anyone says about you, only you know what you are capable of and what you are. Set the bar high and strive for it. The dogs bark, the caravan moves on.

It is useless to respond with aggression for aggression. When you get hit, you want to hit back. But by responding with evil for evil, you only increase the negative energy around you. It is unlikely that this will bring you happiness.

Trials and hardships are necessary conditions for growth. Without trials, we would never have reached the top. They help us learn, change and become better.

A loving family means a lot. Parents who believe in their child, whatever it may be, are doing a great job. They form in him self-confidence, the ability to cope with failures and move on.

The world is full of cruelty, pain and suffering, children's tears, terrible disasters. But it all starts with you. Every day, hour, minute remember this.

Starting a new day, we do not know exactly how much we are allotted. But it is important to firmly realize that we can do a lot. The main thing is to start. From myself.

Understand that among us there are people who are a little different from you and me. It doesn't matter what their diagnosis is. The most important thing is that it is a human- the same as you. They feel and grieve, laugh and cry, want to love and believe.

Sometimes it's worth smiling and just saying, "You're beautiful."

Thank the world and the Universe for what you have, and even more so for what you may not have.