Pulmonary fibrosis treatment with folk remedies. Treatment of pulmonary fibrosis Complex collections of herbs for pneumofibrosis

If coughing fits or severe shortness of breath are regularly observed, then this does not always indicate a common cold. This condition may indicate a serious illness, such as pneumosclerosis. Pneumosclerosis of the lungs is a pathological change in the lungs, which is manifested by excessive growth of lung tissue. In this case, the bronchi are deformed, due to which the lungs decrease in volume, and the disease quickly manifests itself in full.

Reasons for the development of the disease

Quite often, such a disease develops due to serious lung pathologies that have not been treated properly. It is possible to identify common causes of pneumosclerosis, these include:

Damage to the lungs due to infection or foreign objects.
Inflammations of a viral nature that were not treated in a timely manner.
Tuberculosis and various mycoses.
Chronical bronchitis.
Obstructive lung diseases.
Work in hazardous production, where there is always dust, gas and other harmful substances.
Congestion in the lungs in pathologies of the heart.
Connective tissue diseases.
Allergy that promotes the formation of alveoli.
Injuries to the lungs that were received during heavy falls.
Some hereditary diseases.

Besides, the cause of this pulmonary pathology can be disturbances in blood flow, as well as weak immunity. The disease can develop at any age, but men are most often affected.

Pneumosclerosis responds well to treatment with folk methods, so you can avoid taking medications.

The main symptoms of the disease

Pneumosclerosis is distinguished by a small number of specific symptoms by which this disease can be identified. The main signs of pneumosclerosis look like this:

a history of chronic pathology of the respiratory organs;
noticeable shortness of breath, not only during exertion, but also at rest;
discharge of thick sputum with traces of pus when coughing;
listening to wheezing, both dry and wet;
dull and very dull sound when percussion of the lung area;
deterioration in breathing;
noticeable deformity of the sternum, especially on the side of the damaged lung.

All these symptoms are sometimes quite difficult to distinguish from typical bronchitis or a similar disease of the respiratory organs. Only an experienced doctor can immediately make the correct diagnosis.

If symptoms of pneumosclerosis are observed, it is imperative to undergo an examination and begin treatment.

Aloe treatment

Treatment of pneumosclerosis of the lungs with folk remedies gives a good result, especially if therapy is started in a timely manner. A good result is the treatment of aloe, this inconspicuous plant is in almost every home. The fleshy leaves of this medicinal plant contain many vitamins and other substances that help cure a person from many diseases.

The most effective drug from aloe is a tincture, in order to prepare it, you must follow these instructions:

Five large sheets of aloe are twisted through a meat grinder or tinder on a grater.
Take 2 tablespoons of liquid honey and mix with the resulting gruel from the leaves.
2 cups of high-quality homemade wine from dark grape varieties are added to the resulting thick mass.

The finished tincture is poured into a glass container and put in the refrigerator, it is necessary to use this medicine in 2 weeks. Drink a tablespoon 3 times a day, always 20 minutes before meals.

Before preparing the medicine, aloe leaves should be kept in the refrigerator for about a week.

Eucalyptus tincture treatment

With diffuse pneumosclerosis of the lungs, folk remedies based on eucalyptus vegetation can be treated. With the essential oil of this plant, inhalations can be carried out, and with a pronounced and debilitating cough, refreshing lollipops can be absorbed.

Eucalyptus has a pronounced antiseptic effect, therefore it helps a lot in the fight against pathogenic microflora and putrefactive processes. In addition, eucalyptus has a positive effect on the nervous system and has a slight sedative effect.

To prepare a healing tincture, you need to take two tablespoons of chopped eucalyptus leaves and pour half a liter of boiling water, then let it brew for 20 minutes and drink a tablespoon 4 times a day. To enhance the therapeutic effect, linden honey is added to such a tincture.

It is worth remembering that all folk methods have a cumulative property, therefore, in order to achieve a lasting result, all such tinctures must be taken for a long time. Eucalyptus tincture is taken for at least a month, after which they switch to tinctures of other medicinal herbs.

Before using any folk recipes, you should consult a doctor!

Oat grains

Both natural oat grains and already processed ones are suitable for the treatment of pneumosclerosis.. A glass of cereal is thoroughly washed and poured into an enamel pan. After that, a liter of water is poured into the container and left overnight. In the morning, this mass is brought to a boil and kept on low heat until half of the liquid has evaporated. After that, the composition is cooled, filtered and drunk throughout the day before meals, several sips.

Tincture of oat grains helps to cleanse the body of toxins and toxins.

Onion treatment

Among folk healers, onions are considered a first aid for respiratory diseases and pathologies of the respiratory tract. Phytoncides, which are contained in this vegetable, have a detrimental effect on pathogens. Onion treatment is quite effective for pulmonary pneumosclerosis. There are two methods for preparing onion medicine.

The onion is finely cut and put in sugar or honey syrup, where it is boiled until transparent. The resulting broth is drunk during the day very often, at least 10 times a tablespoon.
The average onion is peeled and boiled whole in a glass of water. Ready vegetable during the day you need to eat. You can enhance the effectiveness of this decoction by boiling onions in milk.

Caution should be treated with onions for those people who have chronic diseases of the gastrointestinal tract.

Dried fruit treatment

For the treatment of lung pathologies, folk healers use dried apricots and raisins.. These dried fruits are full of useful substances and vitamins. You can prepare a remedy in different ways:

The same proportions of raisins and dried apricots are washed with running water, poured with boiling water, insisted for a couple of hours and drunk throughout the day.
100 grams of dried fruits are twisted through a meat grinder, poured with a glass of water and brought to a boil over low heat. After that, insist under the lid for 15 minutes, filter and drink the resulting broth, alternating it with eating squeezed dried fruits. You need to take 2 tablespoons 3-4 times a day.

For the preparation of any decoctions and tinctures, you can use only glass or enameled dishes.

In addition to tinctures and various decoctions, folk healers recommend giving the patient a honey massage, for this purpose they take fresh honey and rub it on the back. Before such a massage, the patient will definitely find out if he is allergic to bee products. It is not only possible, but also necessary, to treat pneumosclerosis with folk remedies. This disease responds well to therapy, especially if it is not neglected.

With pneumofibrosis in the lungs against the background inflammatory process, the connective tissue begins to grow, which leads to a violation of the lung structure and, in general, to a decrease in ventilation of the lungs. If the disease is not treated, the lungs, as a result of deformation, decrease in size. The disease can strike a person at any age, but, according to statistics, men get sick much more often than women.

Classification of pneumofibrosis

Disease classified by localization.

Focal - this type of pneumofibrosis is characterized by damage to one area of lung tissue, where a process develops, leading to compaction of a piece of lung.
diffuse - a more severe form, in which the whole lung is affected by inflammation, and sometimes both.

Forms of pneumofibrosis

non-progressive . The disease does not give symptoms. People who were diagnosed at the beginning of its development, having been treated, lead a healthy lifestyle without giving the disease progress.

Progressive . The disease makes itself felt by exacerbations. This form does not exclude complications, sometimes life-threatening.

Causes of the disease

For the most part, these are the consequences of previous diseases, for example, pneumonia, mycosis, tuberculosis, syphilis.
As well as the causes of the disease, one can name heredity, lung injuries, harmful working conditions associated with the inhalation of harmful particles in the air, bad habits, and the main one is smoking.

Symptoms

With a focal form of pulmonary fibrosis, there may be no symptoms at all. The disease often becomes known after passing the next fluorographic surveys.
Diffuse has many symptoms that can be confused with other diseases. The patient develops shortness of breath, severe cough with purulent discharge. Weakness, weight loss. Pain in the chest, sounds in the lungs when breathing.

Treatment

A pulmonologist will select a treatment for you based on the identified causes due to which the disease developed. In the most advanced forms, surgery will be required. But in all cases, one hundred percent recovery is not guaranteed. It's sad, but pneumofibrosis cannot be completely cured. In place of foci of inflammation in the tissues of the lungs, scars remain, which provoke pulmonary failure. A person who has had a pneumofibrosis should go in for sports regularly. Breathing exercises and physiotherapy exercises will help the lungs in enriching with oxygen.

Treatment with folk remedies

Wine tincture
Aloe, which grows in almost every home, will come to your aid. Rinse five large sheets well under running water, dry and cut as small as possible, you can rub it on a grater. Add two large spoons of honey, grind until completely combined and add half a liter of young red wine. Stir well again - the product is ready for use. Treat yourself by drinking one spoonful four times a day shortly before meals. Keep the medicine in a cool place between doses.
oatmeal broth
For treatment, you will need whole grains of oats, you can buy at the store. Pour a glass of oat grains with one liter of water and leave to infuse overnight. Put on fire and cook until the amount of liquid is reduced by half. Strain , divide into three portions and drink a day before meals .
onion treatment
We will give you two recipes for onion medicine.

Recipe 1. Peel and finely chop the onion , prepare sugar syrup , just enough to cover the chopped onion . Put on the stove and cook until the onion particles become transparent. If there is honey, instead of sugar syrup, you can boil onions in it - the remedy will be even more effective. Strain and drink one scoop up to ten times a day.
Recipe 2. Peel the onion , fill it whole with a glass of water and cook until the onion is ready . Pour out the broth and eat the onion in small portions throughout the day. If you cook onions in milk, the remedy will have an even greater healing effect.
Dried fruits treat
Raisins and dried apricots promote the activation of metabolism , have a diuretic effect , which helps to remove stagnant fluid from the lungs . Therefore, this recipe is worth adopting.
Dried fruits can be treated in two ways. You can simply pour boiling water over them, wait until they soften and eat a few pieces before eating. The second way is a little more difficult. One hundred grams of dried apricots or raisins, or a mixture of them, bring to a boil in a glass of water. Ten minutes later , drain the decoction and drink 2 tablespoons three times . And eat boiled dried fruits between the doses of the decoction.

Medicinal infusion
Prepare equally oats , thyme , pikulnik and eucalyptus . After thoroughly mixing the mixture, separate one large spoon, pour into a thermos and pour half a liter of boiling water. Let the night rest. Strain in the morning and drink half a cup. The infusion should be consumed hot and drunk throughout the day.
Healing decoction

Prepare the ingredients for the decoction. Take equally the leaves of plantain, mother and stepmother and pine buds. Mix thoroughly and bring four tablespoons to a boil in one glass of water. Remove after five minutes, strain. Divide the resulting broth into three equal parts and drink during the day.
Healing Blend
Prepare beets, carrots and horseradish by washing them thoroughly and drying them. Now squeeze one glass of juice from the beets and carrots, and grate the horseradish so that you get one glass of horseradish mass. Grind, passing through a meat grinder, walnuts, raisins and lemon with a crust - you also need one glass of the finished mass. Now shift everything and pour into one bowl, preferably glass, add a glass of honey and mix very thoroughly. The mixture is ready for use. The first three days, eat a teaspoon three times, then a tablespoon an hour before a meal or two after a meal. Treat for two months. After three weeks, you can be treated again.
Radish with honey

This is not the recipe we are used to when we cut off the top of a radish, take out the pulp, add honey and wait for the juice to appear. In this recipe, you can be treated immediately after preparation. Wash and dry a few black radish roots and start squeezing the juice from it until you get a full glass. Add one hundred grams of liquid honey to radish juice. Drink four times a day, two tablespoons before meals. The last dose is before bed.

Nettle tincture

Pour two hundred grams of fresh nettle or one hundred dry with a bottle of vodka. It is not necessary to close the lid, cover the top with a piece of gauze. Put it on the window for one day. Put in a dark closet for six days. Strain , squeeze nettle into tincture . Take one spoonful of nettle tincture before breakfast and lunch. And one more spoonful before going to bed.
Sage in milk
Put a saucepan on the fire, into which a glass of milk is poured. Pour one spoonful of sage into the milk, bring to a boil. Cool and strain. Bring the milk to a boil again. Drink hot before bed.
Honey massage
Every other day it is useful to massage the upper back with honey. Spread honey on your back and rub it until those since, bye palms not will become cling to back.
Fragrant decoction
Will help work lungs and cleanse them from harmful substances infusion from taken on spoon oregano and violets tricolor. Pour fragrant herbs two glasses boiling water and leave on the one hour. Drink how tea, but without additions Sahara. Can biting With dried fruits.
Healing collection
Replenish deficit oxygen in lungs and strengthen in them circulation infusion from seeds cumin, seeds fennel and spring adonis — on one parts and two parts horsetail. All very thoroughly mix and take one spoon collection, pour in cup boiling water, through thirty minutes strain, divide on the three parts and have a drink per day.
Agave on the Cahors

Leaves room plants agave finely cut into, fill in them floor—liter bank. Add to centennial fifty milliliters liquid honey and refill to the top Cahors. Submit in dark place for insistence on the ten days. Then strain, very Good wring out infused leaves agave and accept drug infusion three times in day on one spoon.
Dairy potion
Bring before boiling cup milk, add in him, bye it hotter, spoon pork fat and so many same honey. All thoroughly stir and wait, bye cool down. Fresh eggs whip and add to dairy mixtures. Have a drink all per one reception. AT day need do and drink dairy potion three times.
« Calciumite»
This recipe very old. Them treated sick at hemoptysis, them filmed increased temperature and gave at coughing. cook constituents: six the freshest chicken eggs, ten lemons, one cup cognac without aromatic additives and five hundred ml honey. Eggs, not breaking, put in glass bank, squeeze juice from lemons and pour them eggs. cover up bank gauze and take away in dark place. Each day check, need wait, bye shell dissolve under action lemon acids. Honey carefully melt before liquid states, connect With lemony—egg solution, transfuse in opaque glass crockery and store in refrigerator. Drink calciumite should thrice in day on one dessert spoon.
Infusion wild rose

Do wild rose infusion their daily drink. Brew boiling water several berries and let this healing infusion always costs on the your table. Drink little by little in flow Total days.
Each day eat beets, adding her in salads, and brew soups co beetroot.

Therapeutic gymnastics

All exercises directed on the strengthening diaphragm. Fulfill each on three times.

stand up directly, legs put how can wider, arms spread out in sides. Deep inhale, start slow incline forward, simultaneously exhaling air, try at this how can stronger draw in muscles belly.
lie down on the back, arms on the stomach. Exhale air through mouth, pressing hands on the diaphragm, how would helping exit air.
Deep inhale, freeze on the three seconds and start abruptly exhale through lips—tubule, not inflating cheeks. On the one deep breath at you must turn out not less ten jerky exhalations. it an exercise helps discharge sputum.
Deep inhale, freeze on the several seconds and sharp exhale through mouth.
Also do deep breath and hold up air in lungs. Arms before yourself, squeeze fists. Tighten up, arms bend and let me down to shoulders. Not exhaling, sharp recline arms in sides and, relaxing, exhale maximum air through mouth.
Reestablish breath will help an exercise, which recommend yoga. Slowly inhale twelve seconds, on the the following fourty eight seconds hold up breath. Exhale air should slowly, watch out per stopwatch and try stretch exhalation on the twenty four seconds.
Healthy inflation air balls. minutes five in the morning and in the evening give time this children's fun.
Or, filling in bank water, insert in her cocktail tubule and, having done breath through nose, exhale through mouth in water.

Prevention pneumofibrosis

try not catch a cold, for you very dangerous bronchitis, pneumonia, Yes and banal ORZ also may to give complication.
Ventilate room and residential, and working. If a you work on the production With harmful conditions labor, related With gas contamination, dustiness or elevated humidity air, necessarily put on respirator. BUT better change work.
come through medical examination not less often one times in year.

Video - Pneumosclerosis of the lungs

Pneumofibrosis is a lung disease in which there is an overgrowth of connective tissue.

This pathology disrupts the structure of organs, reduces their ventilating function, leads to a decrease in lung volume, and also causes deformation of the bronchi. Complications or the presence of infection in the body can lead to death.

The code

The ICD 10 code is included in section J80-J84.

The reasons

The development of the disease is facilitated by certain conditions that lead to disruption of the pulmonary system. Therefore, the causes of the disease are very diverse.

Pneumofibrosis can provoke:

All these factors cause pneumofibrotic changes in the lungs.

Symptoms

Many patients do not suspect that they have the disease, because they do not know its symptoms. Therefore, it is important to know what consequences can be in advanced stages of pneumofibrosis, and why it is dangerous. The patient has a proliferation of connective tissue and respiratory failure occurs.

It is important to contact a pulmonologist in a timely manner, since in the later stages of the disease it is quite difficult to correct or stop this process. Complications can lead to death . Therefore, the patient must understand whether it is dangerous to neglect even minor symptoms and how to understand that medical attention is needed.

The main symptom is shortness of breath. At the initial stage, it appears only after physical exertion. Over time, shortness of breath is observed even at rest.

Other symptoms of the disease include:

Cough with sputum and pus;
During coughing in the chest, pain;
bluish skin tone;
There is increased fatigue;
During the day, body temperature can fluctuate;
On exhalation, wheezing is heard;
A sharp drop in body weight;
Neck veins swell during coughing.

Classification

The disease is characterized by alternation of normal areas of lung tissue with connective tissue.

In this regard, the disease is divided into types:

Post-radiation fibrosis is dangerous. He needs serious therapy. Therefore, it is important to diagnose the disease in time and immediately begin treatment.

A special group is occupied by hyperpneumatosis. This is a complex pathological disease with a pathogenetic syndrome.

Diagnostics

Before determining how to treat the disease, the pulmonologist conducts a conversation with the patient, directs him to take tests, examines the chest, assessing its shape.

With the help of a phonendoscope, he listens to the work of the lungs to identify noises or wheezing.

Instrumental procedures will allow the doctor to determine whether the patient has pneumosclerosis or pneumoneurosis.

For this, appoint:

radiography;
Computed tomography;
Ventilation scintigraphy;
Spirometry;
transbronchial biopsy;
Bronchoscopy;
Plethysmography.

The procedures will also allow you to identify whether pleurofibrosis is on the right or left, to determine whether there are sclerotic changes or tumors in the tissues, to determine lung disease and what kind of pneumofibrosis it is.

If the diagnostics showed that the lung fields are pneumatized, then it is necessary to carry out several procedures and select the appropriate drugs. With the help of diagnostics, pleuropneumofibrosis can be detected.

Diagnostic measures will reveal pneumatosis in a patient, which is characterized by the presence of cysts. To do this, pneumatization is carried out, which will help to decipher the data of the radiograph or tomogram in order to identify the amount of air content in the lung fields.

If one or more cavities with fibrous changes or capsules are found in the patient's lungs, the patient is diagnosed with post-tuberculous fibrosis.

After the diagnosis, the doctor prescribes a comprehensive treatment that will reduce the risk of relapse in the future. It is impossible to completely cure the disease.

Treatment

The task of the doctor is to choose such drugs that will eliminate the cause of the disease. Treatment is carried out until complete recovery, and not only when the symptoms disappear.

To restore the patency of the bronchi appoint:

Bromhexine;
Salbutomol.

To improve microcirculation— Trental.
Patients are shown to receive antioxidants.
Courses are assigned anti-inflammatory, antibacterial and hormonal drugs.

During treatment it is important:

Get rid of bad habits;
Complete a course of oxygen therapy;
Normalize sleep and rest;
Do breathing exercises regularly.

In advanced cases, there may be a question of surgical intervention.

ethnoscience

Adequate selection of medications, compliance with preventive measures and the use of alternative methods of treatment will help stop the development of pathological processes. The task of the patient is to strictly follow all the recommendations of the doctor.

Video:

Pneumofibrosis of the lungs is a pathology in which the normal functional tissues of the organ are replaced by a connective tissue scar. It is called diffuse due to the fact that the disease affects not only some areas, but the entire surface of the lungs. The disease is considered life-threatening for the patient, since the ventilating capacity is reduced several times, and the cells do not receive enough oxygen. Since this condition is secondary and occurs against the background of other pathologies, treatment will be aimed at eliminating the underlying disease.

Etiology of diffuse pneumofibrosis

The disease belongs to the group of pneumosclerotic pathologies, that is, those that are manifested by sclerotization - the proliferation of connective tissue. The rate of its development is lower than sclerosis or cirrhosis of the lungs, but its symptoms are no less dangerous. Depending on the degree of damage to the lung tissue, the disease is usually classified into two varieties:

local pneumofibrosis;
diffuse type.

In the first case, small areas are visualized in the thickness of the organ, on which the connective tissue grows. This condition is considered less dangerous for the patient because the respiratory function is preserved. Diffuse pneumofibrosis is a lesion of most of the lungs, in which the organ is unable to perform its function.

Causes

Pneumofibrosis is not considered a separate disease, but a concomitant symptom or complication of other diseases. This condition can lead to chronic inflammatory processes or the ingestion of toxins on the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract. According to statistics, diffuse pneumofibrosis most often accompanies one of the following pathologies:

One of the most likely mechanisms for the development of pneumofibrosis is hypoxia, or insufficient blood supply to lung tissues. With a lack of oxygen, the alveoli become less elastic, fibroblast cells are activated. These cells produce collagen in large quantities, which underlies the formation of connective tissue.

Manifestations of the disease

Clinical signs of the disease begin to appear when the pathology spreads to significant areas of the lungs and does not allow them to perform their function. Symptoms largely depend on the cause of fibrosis and the primary pathology. A typical picture of the disease of pneumofibrosis will include the following symptoms:

dry cough or with sputum - it can be serous or purulent;
shortness of breath - first occurs after physical exertion, then accompanies the patient and at rest;
with severe hypoxia - cyanosis (cyanosis) of visible mucous membranes;
pain in the chest area;

The disease can progress, so treatment should be started at the stage of mild shortness of breath. In the future, when the connective tissue continues to grow, blood impurities appear in the sputum. On auscultation of the lower third of the lungs, the characteristic sound of cork friction is heard.

Diagnosis of diffuse pneumofibrosis

The clinical picture of the disease cannot give grounds for making an accurate diagnosis, so the patient is prescribed an additional examination. A complete picture of the disease can be obtained based on the results of the following studies:

radiography;
magnetic resonance or computed tomography;
external respiration testing;
bronchography;
blood tests.

A characteristic picture on x-rays is an increase and distortion of the lung pattern. Shadows also appear that indicate areas of damage to normal tissues. With the advanced form of fibrosis, the entire surface of the organ is distorted:

the pattern resembles a honeycomb;
the capillary network is broken;
anastomoses appear.

Bronchography with diffuse fibrosis will not indicate visible changes, and with local, typical extensions will appear.

One of the diagnostic methods is tests for external respiration, which will determine the degree of ventilation of the lungs. It is important to determine the functional vital capacity of the lungs. With pneumofibrosis of the lungs, a decrease in these values is observed.

Treatment Methods

Treatment of the disease is complex and depends on the methods of therapy of the underlying disease. Additionally, symptomatic agents are used to facilitate breathing. It is also necessary to develop the lungs and restore their elasticity with the help of special gymnastics. Antibacterial drugs are prescribed as etiotropic treatment. Since the cause of inflammatory processes in the lungs can be different microorganisms, broad-spectrum antibiotics are chosen. In combination with them, hormonal anti-inflammatory drugs can be used.

Symptomatic treatment may include taking several groups of drugs:

cough medicines;
funds to strengthen the heart and blood vessels (cardiac glycosides);
painkillers;
vitamin complexes.

Of the additional methods of treating pneumofibrosis, it is useful to carry out oxygen therapy. This procedure saturates the tissues of the body with oxygen in the amount in which a healthy person usually receives it from the atmosphere.

They use physiotherapy (iontophoresis, exposure to ultrasound) and breathing exercises. Deep inhalations and exhalations, alternation of respiratory movements with and without the participation of the diaphragm will restore the elasticity of the alveoli and prevent further development of the disease.

Possible Complications

Progressive pneumofibrosis can provoke serious complications. This is mainly due to inflammatory processes and the risk of accession of pathogenic microflora. One of the undesirable consequences of fibrosis is a lung abscess. This condition is characterized by purulent fusion of organ tissues and a high probability of death. Doubtful prognosis and pneumofibrosis caused by tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis is a complication of pneumofibrosis

Disease prevention methods

The best prevention of pulmonary fibrosis, as well as other diseases of the respiratory system, is a healthy lifestyle. The environmental situation in many regions is not conducive to lung health, but there are ways to protect against environmental factors. Doctors give several recommendations on how to protect yourself from such diseases:

stop smoking;
pay attention to cardio loads - running or walking in the fresh air is useful;
in case of increased dust content of the air or the presence of toxins, use respirators;
perform breathing exercises to prevent and increase lung capacity.

Pneumofibrosis is a dangerous disease. With its diffuse variety, a large functional surface of the lungs is affected, and the body suffers from a lack of oxygen. The success of treatment depends on its timeliness - it is better to consult a specialist at the initial stages. The therapy is long and complex.

To get rid of the cause of fibrosis, potent medications are prescribed, and to restore tissue elasticity, physiotherapy and gymnastics are prescribed. In some cases, a significant improvement in the patient's condition can be achieved, but complete regeneration remains impossible.

What is pulmonary fibrosis? Fibrosis is scarring; pulmonary fibrosis - irreversible formation and replacement of the lung parenchyma with fibrous tissue. Fibrosis of the lung always leads to impaired respiratory function, because the elasticity of the lung tissue drops markedly.

As a consequence, it makes it difficult for the exchange of oxygen in the alveoli. Namely, in the alveoli, gas exchange occurs: upon contact with blood, oxygen from the air passes into it, and carbon dioxide exits. Recovery from pulmonary fibrosis does not occur because there is no regeneration of fibrosis into the lung tissue.

With fibrosis in the lungs, the connective tissue is compacted in the partitions between the alveoli and their walls; alveoli become inelastic, inextensible and impermeable to air and fall out of gas exchange. The lungs themselves increase in size due to the growth of this dense tissue. The process is progressive and fatal if left untreated.

Etiology of the phenomenon

The growth of connective tissue in the lungs can be caused by various factors:

contact with organic and inorganic particles of fine structure (anthracite dust, mineral wool, mold, flour, asbestos, silicon);
chronic pulmonary inflammation (sarcoidosis, TB, pneumonia);
vasculitis;
cirrhosis, allergies;
radiation therapy (ionizing gases), after which post-radiation pulmonary fibrosis is diagnosed;
immunodeficiency states and autoimmune processes (lupus, rheumatism);
cystic fibrosis - a hereditary pathology in which cystic fibrosis develops;
smoking;
long-term use of certain drugs.

All of the above applies to cases of interstitial fibrosis. But in more than half of the cases of fibrosis, its etiology is unknown, so some generally consider fibrosis to be an idiopathic disease.

Idiopathic cases are not treatable at all. They occur more in men aged 50-60 years. Although the exact causes are unknown, the role of heredity and poor etiology has been proven.

Different types of pulmonary fibrosis in the medical literature may be called differently: diffuse alveolitis, fibrous, cryptogenic, fibrosing idiopathic, chronic pneumonia, etc.

The most common fibrosis in silicosis is the inhalation of quartz dust. It contains salicylic acid, which has the ability to cause the growth of connective tissue in the lung tissue.

This occupational pathology is found among workers of metallurgical plants. Construction professions involve inhalation of aluminum dust, talc, welding gases, cement.

Recent studies show that the appearance of fibrosis is promoted by: lack of sleep, which is why fatigue constantly accumulates and oxygen is constantly lacking. Patients with pulmonary fibrosis almost always have cardiovascular pathologies.

Types of fibrosis

There are quite a few causes of fibrosis, so it is divided into:

drug fibrosis - taking drugs prescribed for oncology and arrhythmias;
idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (primary);
dust pulmonary pathologies - pneumoconiosis: silicosis, silicosis, kaolinosis, talcosis, metalloconiosis (siderosis, aluminosis, baritosis).
fibrosis in autoimmune pathologies;
infectious fibrosis (TB, bacterial pneumonia, etc.).

According to the distribution area, fibrosis is local or focal pulmonary fibrosis and diffuse (total); unilateral and bilateral fibrosis.

By localization in the lungs: apical fibrosis - in the upper parts of the lungs; damage to the root zone, fibrosis of the roots of the lungs. According to the intensity and degree of growth of fibrous tissue, there are:

cirrhosis- diffuse and complete scar tissue instead of lung and damage to blood vessels and bronchi.
pulmonary fibrosis- scar tissue is expressed by moderate growth, it is interspersed with lung tissue;
pneumosclerosis- the connective tissue grows roughly and everywhere and takes the place of the lung tissue; seals appear in the lungs.

Separation by etiological factors: interstitial (it includes a large group of pathologies with the manifestation of specific negative causes) and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Symptomatic manifestations

At first, there are often no manifestations, then the main symptom is shortness of breath, which occurs first during exertion, then at rest, cough - with scanty sputum, but more often dry, pale skin and acrocyanosis.

The progression of fibrosis leads to thickening of the phalanges of the fingers and changes in the nails - fingers - drumsticks and nails - watch glasses. A "cor pulmonale" is formed as HF increases. It is manifested by the growth of dyspnea, peripheral edema, swelling of the jugular veins, palpitations, pain behind the sternum. There is also constant weakness, fatigue, the patient is physically unable to perform normal loads.

About the presence of fibrotic changes says:

wheezing, chest pain;
cough with viscous sputum;
shortness of breath at rest;
tachycardia;
edema and cyanosis;
hyperhidrosis;
bronchitis;
breathing is rapid and shallow.

Fibrosis (apical) of the lungs: symptoms - the apical segment of the lungs changes; its symptoms resemble bronchitis and are easily detected radiographically. In the later stages, all symptoms are pronounced.

What is fibrosis (cystic fibrosis) of the lungs? This is cystic fibrosis - a systemic hereditary pathology in which there is a defect in the gene that regulates salt metabolism. Because of this, the work of the external secretion glands, which produce sweat and mucus, is disrupted everywhere. Mucus is needed in organs to protect them from desiccation and pathogens; moisturizing them.

The lungs, pancreas, intestines and sinuses are affected. In cystic fibrosis, the mucus thickens and clogs the excretory ducts.

In addition to the symptoms of pulmonary fibrosis, such cystic fibrosis is manifested by a prolonged cough, stunting, weight loss, barrel chest, bloating, infertility in men, colitis, pancreatitis, nasal polyps, sinusitis, etc.

Diagnostic methods

First, auscultation and percussion of the lungs;

X-ray - fibrous areas look dark on the fluorogram.
With fibrosis of the root part, the root is heavy due to an increase in local lymph nodes, so symptoms are taken into account here.
After radiography, MRI and CT are prescribed;
Conducting bronchoscopy - inserting a probe into the bronchi and examining them.

Spirography - reveals different aspects of the respiratory function and determines the vital capacity of the lungs (VC):

the respiratory rate (RR) is determined - the number of respiratory cycles per minute;
DO - tidal volume - the amount of air inhaled at a time;
MOD - the same volume, but per minute;
VC - after the maximum calm inhalation, the volume of exhaled air;
forced VC (FVC) - the same, but after a full exhalation;
maximum ventilation of the lungs (MVL) - BH is multiplied by the amplitude of respiratory movements.

A biopsy is also prescribed - a biopsy is taken from the site of fibrosis on an x-ray. Cystic fibrosis requires an analysis of sweat, feces for chymotrypsin and fatty acids, PCR diagnostics.

Principles of treatment

There is no specific treatment; there are only general recommendations that the patient must strictly follow.

The goal of treatment is:

Exclusion of damaging factors; this includes a change of work activity, without options.
Regular inhalation of oxygen; performed on an outpatient basis.
Local fibrosis - does not require treatment, only dynamic observation; diffuse process requires a lung transplant. After the operation, patients live for at least 5 years.

Despite the fact that it is impossible to completely get rid of fibrosis, it is possible to significantly improve the quality of life of patients, which will also stop the process of pathology. Treatment for fibrosis is definitely unambiguous.

Reception of drugs is always combined with physiotherapy. Of the drugs, one can name the complex treatment of corticosteroids, cytostatics, antifibrotic agents. GCS - Prednisolone, Dexamethasone, etc. GCS is taken for 3 months, then another 2 years are taken as maintenance therapy.

Cytostatics - Azathioprine, Cyclophosphamide. Antifibrotic - Colchicine, Veroshpiron. They slow down the growth of connective tissue. This combination gives positive changes, but you need to take into account the side effects and constantly be under the supervision of a doctor. Diet No9.

Fibrous cystosis (FC) - has no specific treatment. It is treated with antibiotics, inhalations of a hypertonic saline solution and Salbutamol, Ambroxol, etc. The prognosis is unfavorable.

Physiotherapy

Physiotherapy in this case consists of oxygen therapy and breathing exercises. They improve blood flow, gas exchange, increase VC (vital capacity of the lungs).

Breathing exercises are an auxiliary type of treatment. In addition to it, cycling, morning jogging, brisk walking are also recommended. Fibrosis (lungs) doubles the load on the intercostal muscles and the remaining parenchyma, which causes rapid fatigue of the patient.

Therapeutic breathing exercises for pulmonary fibrosis and is aimed at minimizing stress and fatigue. In addition, exercise helps to expel mucus.

Respiratory gymnastics consists of a sequential alternation of abdominal, pulmonary and full breathing:

Standing, breaths are taken and exhaled, but only with the stomach. The chest is held for control by the hand and is motionless. On inspiration - deep retraction of the abdomen.
Only the chest works, the stomach is motionless. You need to breathe deeply and smoothly.
Full breath. This is the final exercise. Inhalation begins with a protrusion of the abdomen; at maximum protrusion, you need to do a few more breaths to failure. Then a smooth exhalation is made by the chest.

Repeat each of the exercises 5-6 times daily. Gymnastics prevents congestion in the lungs.

To normalize gas exchange, exhalation is performed with resistance. A nasal inhalation is taken, exhalation through the mouth into a glass of water through a tube - repeat 10 times a day.

To remove pulmonary sputum, squeezing is done lying down. In the prone position, inhale, and as you exhale, press your knees to your chest and squeeze them. At the end of the exercise, cough.

ethnoscience

Pulmonary fibrosis: treatment and how to treat folk remedies? Traditional medicine is an auxiliary method, used after consultation with a doctor. Phytotherapy is effective in the initial stages of the disease.

Taking flax seed infusion relieves cough, reduces shortness of breath, it is taken several times a day. Anise decoction is also used - it improves the general well-being of the patient. Medicinal tea for cleansing lung tissue from mucus - infusion of violets and oregano - 3 doses per day.

It is useful to make compresses from crushed cabbage leaves or burdock in the evening. Patients with pneumosclerosis are well helped by taking a decoction of elecampane and wild rose roots - it is taken for 2 months. A decoction helps to get rid of sputum, mucus, helps regenerate lung tissue.