Acute myositis of the back. How does myositis of the lumbar muscles manifest itself? Basic principles of treatment

Myositis of the back is an inflammatory disease of the muscles, which can occur due to the influence of various factors. Symptoms of such a disease can be different, but mostly pain is observed in the affected area. There are other symptoms as well. During movement and palpation, it intensifies. There is an increase in body temperature.

The disease occurs due to drafts or hypothermia, muscle injuries or damage, bacterial infections, toxic lesions. Also here we can talk about autoimmune lesions, acute viral infections, prolonged stress on the body.

Drug treatment for such a disease can not only cure the underlying ailment, but also eliminate the cause of the disease.

Therefore, it is very important to undergo a course of therapy under the supervision of a specialist. He will know exactly what means to use for you, he will be able to help at any moment if something goes wrong. Moreover, you, as a patient, will be able to constantly take tests and monitor your health constantly.

All adults at least somehow faced with inflammation of the back muscles. This is a very familiar feeling when, after a couple of days in the country, the lower back aches or it is not comfortable for a person to unbend. It is the inflammation of the back muscles that causes such discomfort.

The main symptoms of the disease are pain syndrome, when the pain is felt, it intensifies. Also, the intensification of pain occurs during movement or when the weather changes. In addition, there are other symptoms. The inflammatory process is complemented by muscle atrophy, redness and swelling of the body, as well as muscle weakness.

It is very important to diagnose on time, then the treatment will give a good result. The main signs of the disease include:

• pain, aching in nature, which increases when the muscles are touched, or when they move;
• the presence of strands and nodules, which are painful inflammatory foci;
• redness of the skin, the appearance of small puffiness;
• the presence of headaches and fever;
• deterioration of the patient's condition (this is possible in the case when there is no adequate treatment).

The main symptoms of the disease in children

Very often, back myositis in children can be recognized only by watching their behavior. This is due to the fact that it is difficult for small patients to talk about what and where they have pain.

There are local and general symptoms of the disease in children.

General symptoms of back myositis foresee the presence of pain, fever, weakness and other signs that indicate general intoxication.

Local symptoms appear depending on where the inflammation is located. But such symptoms do not differ, regardless of the form of back myositis.

These symptoms are the presence of:

It is often possible to notice the presence of the first signs of myositis of the back in the morning, after a seemingly normal preliminary condition. The baby starts behaving differently. He is characterized by lethargy, he is capricious, begins to cry. If you try to change position, the baby starts crying more. An increase in temperature is often observed. It is not necessary that a viral or bacterial infection be present.

When a doctor examines a child, the tension of a particular muscle group is revealed. It does not do without a spastic state, sharp pains when feeling the body. Often the area of ​​skin over the area of ​​inflammation is hot, its redness is observed.

What drugs will help adults?

Treatment of back myositis in adults is aimed at eliminating the inflammation process. The treatment of the main disease or the factor that provoked the development of inflammation is also expected.

If we talk about traditional remedies, then in order to relieve inflammation, it is recommended to use non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs:

• "Diclofenac".
• "Ketorolac".
• "Ibuprofen".
• Movalis.

It is better to use these funds as injections. But do not use them for more than a week. This can lead to the appearance of medicinal ulcers in the gastrointestinal tract.

Also, drugs that have a venotonic and angioprotective effect will have a good effect. Such a drug can be "L-lysine aescinate". Thanks to him, swelling of soft tissues is removed, the inflammatory process is eliminated, pain syndrome is reduced.

If the disease is caused by bacterial flora, then drugs such as antibiotics should be used. Sometimes it can not do without surgical intervention, for example, in the presence of pus in the interfascial region.

Ointments in the process of treating myositis of the back give a warming effect and anesthetize. The use of warming ointments (Finalgon, Zostrix, Apizatron, Kapsikam) is recommended in order to relieve spasm and warm up the muscles. They are used in the situation when the disease is caused by prolonged stress.

Improper application of the ointment causes burns to the skin.

Ointments that relieve inflammation can be taken for various forms of the disease immediately after diagnosis. They provide pain relief, prevent the appearance of edema, fight the elimination of inflammation.

Therefore, you can use:

• "Diclofenac".
• "Indomethacin".
• "Ketonal".
• "Fast Gel".
• "Nise gel".

What medicines will help cure the disease in children

Treatment of the disease in children should be carried out only after the specialist establishes the correct diagnosis. In no case should you self-medicate. This could end in tragic consequences. Everything is connected with the fact that dangerous ailments can be hidden under the guise of myositis.

The complex uses drugs that can improve the blood supply to the affected area, fight inflammation and pain.

To stop inflammation in the muscles and pain, it is necessary to use anti-inflammatory non-steroidal drugs. If the case of the disease is neglected, then hormonal preparations are used.

To improve the blood supply and relieve the spastic state of the muscles in the baby, treatment with ointments that can warm (rubbing, massages, compresses with a warming effect) helps. Treatment with the help of physiotherapeutic procedures (UHF, ultrasound and medicines) also has a good effect on the child's body.

What is important to know?

Treatment of myositis should be individualized. Only a qualified person can do this. In no case should you self-medicate. So you can eliminate the pain syndrome, and the cause of the development of the disease will go unnoticed. Therefore, the doctor must first do a serious examination. So the cause of the disease is revealed. After that, you can proceed to the appointment of appropriate therapy.

Analgesics are usually recommended to relieve pain. They also prescribe drugs that relieve inflammation. If myositis is local, then ointments and creams with a place-irritating effect are used. If the form of the disease is too acute, then the patient cannot do without bed rest. So the affected muscles are at rest. The purulent form of the disease foresees surgical intervention. In addition, the appointment of massages, physiotherapy and therapeutic exercises is recommended.

Each person in his life, to one degree or another, faces different types of pain that are equally unpleasant for everyone. However, without pain, our body would not be able to function normally, because with the help of pain, a damaged organ signals us about violations that need to be eliminated. If we feel pain in the muscles, then this may be a sign of an inflammatory process in the tissues.

What is muscle myositis?

A disease of muscle tissue that is inflammatory, traumatic, chronic in nature and is accompanied by pain and weakness throughout the body. Most often, the disease is present in the muscles of the neck, back, shoulders, and chest of a person.

Muscle tissue in myositis

Types of myositis depending on the cause

Depending on the cause of occurrence, types of myositis are distinguished:

Hand dermatomyositis

According to the nature of the flow, there are:

• Chronic myositis- inflammation after treatment is not completely eliminated, proceeds with a sluggish manifestation of symptoms and can progress as a result of adverse factors (fatigue, hypothermia, etc.).
• Acute myositis- a sharp onset of pain and inflammation after an injury or a strong load on the muscles.

Manifestations of polymyositis

By the nature of the pathology:

• Local myositis- the development of the inflammatory process of one muscle. There is a sharp pain with pressure and movement of the affected area. As a result of a constant stress state, the mobility of the joints and limbs is limited.
• - damage to a muscle group, in which there is muscle pain with increasing strength, for example, in the lumbar and shoulder muscles.

There is also myositis ossificans, is quite rare, appears after trauma, muscle damage or has a congenital hereditary character. Symptoms - pain, swelling, redness of the skin.

Myositis of the pectoral muscles

The main sources of the inflammatory process are:

• colds, infections;
• chronic pathology;
• purulent foci of tissue damage;
• autoimmune diseases and stress.

Often, after an infectious disease, a disease can occur. Hypothermia, trauma, heavy physical exertion, poisoning with toxic substances can also provoke a disease.

Diagnostics

The initial examination of the patient by a doctor and the compilation of the results of the examination can confirm or refute the presence of inflammation in the muscles. A study of blood, secretions that were taken in the affected area supplements the initial information.

The sequence of diagnostic measures allows you to identify the presence of the inflammatory process, the area of ​​​​distribution, the degree of damage, the cause of the formation.

Myositis snapshot

To make a correct diagnosis, it is necessary to conduct certain types of examinations:

• blood analysis, which shows the rate at which erythrocytes settle;
• electromyography allows you to identify the condition on the affected area, the muscles have nerve fibers;
• CT scan allows early detection of signs of ossifying myositis;
• Magnetic resonance imaging shows in detail the condition of the soft tissues.

The diagnostic results will be used to determine the type of myositis and prescribe a quality treatment.

Which doctor treats myositis?

The doctor who will treat the disease may be of different competence - it all depends on the localization of myositis. Treatment of myositis can be carried out by a therapist, traumatologist, neuropathologist, orthopedist or surgeon.

At the first manifestations of pain, it is necessary to contact a rheumatologist or therapist, who, after an initial examination, will be able to refer you to a specialist for diagnosis and treatment.

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Symptoms and manifestations of myositis

How to treat myositis?

To avoid complications, it is necessary to start treatment under the supervision of a doctor immediately after confirming the diagnosis.

Medical treatment

Drug treatment is prescribed by a doctor in order to eliminate the symptoms and the inflammatory process.

For the treatment of the disease, drugs of different pharmaceutical groups can be prescribed:

• Drugs of the NSAID group in tablets(Nimesulide, Ibuprofen, Movalis, Peroxicam, etc.).
• Non-steroidal drugs for injection(, Mydocalm).
• Analgesics(Antipyrine, Analgin, Paracetomol).
• Ointments(Turpentine ointment, Traumeel S, Dolaren-gel, Roztiran, etc.).

Nimesulide in Movalis tablets is a drug of the latest generation
Ibuprofen tablets Meloxicam tablets Diclofenac tablets

Physiotherapy for myositis restores muscle contraction and significantly increases blood circulation.

The following procedures are recommended:

• Warming up and wrapping inflamed area.
• Manual therapy- a set of techniques, carried out by means of statistical stress, the main purpose of which is the diagnosis and treatment of the disease.
• - normalizes blood circulation, relieves pain in the muscles, eliminates swelling. The main goal of such therapy is to start the recovery process, to start the work of all limbs. The massage is carried out with increasing effect using a thermal procedure, which allows you to completely relax the inflamed muscles.

Magnetotherapy

Purulent myositis is the most dangerous type of disease. Self-treatment is prohibited, especially the use of ointments. Myositis seriously disrupts the normal functioning of muscles, organs and the very quality of life.

Main symptoms:

• weakness;
• puffiness;
• muscle compaction;
• discomfort in the affected area;
• heat.

Conservative treatment for this form of the disease is not effective, often surgery is performed to clean the pus from the affected area.

The causes of purulent myositis are:

• staphylococci;
• streptococci;
• pneumococci;
• gonococci.

Timely diagnostics is necessary: ​​MRI, ultrasound, electromyography, tests. In the treatment of purulent myositis, antibiotics, antipyretics and painkillers are prescribed.

Purulent myositis of the legs

Nutrition for muscle myositis

The accumulation of harmful substances in the muscles can neutralize several vitamins (A, C, E).

For this reason, the daily diet should include:

• Salads(sweet peppers, tomatoes, lettuce leaves).
• Salad dressing in the form of vegetable or olive oil.
• Fruits rich in vitamins for example kiwi, tangerines, plums, oranges, apples (preferably green, sweet and sour).
• Add foods rich in salicylates, endowing fruits with anti-inflammatory action.
• Carrots, potatoes, beets should be on the menu every day.
• Decoctions of raspberry leaf, peony, marsh cinquefoil will only benefit.
• Daily up to 300 grams of sea fish, the method of preparation is not important, both boiled and stewed will do.

Spasms are present in any form of myositis.

One of the causes of seizures may be a deficiency of certain substances:

• magnesium(present in cereals, cereals, blackberries, legumes);
• calcium(there is in fermented milk, dairy products, garlic, cabbage, parsley, celery);
• zinc(found in liver, cheese, meat, chicken egg, pumpkin).

• With any form of myositis, the patient is prescribed rest(sometimes bed rest).
• Diet recommended, it is necessary to completely abandon spicy, alcoholic, salty and fatty foods. It is better to prefer vegetables, cereals, fruits for the period of treatment.
• Antibiotics must be prescribed if the disease arose against the background of an infection,
• Surgery can be prescribed when purulent myositis is detected.
• Anti-inflammatory drugs are required for the application of any type of myositis. The purpose of the ointment is typical for the local area of ​​​​the lesion.
• Therapeutic massage and physiotherapy necessary for all patients who turn to specialists for help.

Prevention

To avoid the appearance of myositis, special attention must be paid to the prevention of the disease:

• Avoid hypothermia and drafts.
• When sitting, do exercises for the muscles.
• Avoid muscle strain during exercise.
• Diseases that provoke the occurrence of myositis should be treated in a timely manner.
• Do gymnastics, cycling, swimming.
• Watch your posture.

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What it is? Myositis is an inflammatory lesion of one or a group of muscles of the cervical, lumbar or thoracic spine. The course of the disease is accompanied by severe pain, muscle weakness and muscle atrophy (a decrease in their volume and degeneration of fibers).

The lack of treatment of myositis at an early stage leads to the defeat of a large muscle mass (polymyositis), inflammation of the skin (dermatomyositis), nerve fibers (neuromyositis) and joints (arthritis with myositis).

Causes and mechanism of development of myositis

The mechanism of occurrence and course of myositis is determined by a combination of several processes. The most common cause of development is the presence of an infection in the body - these are viruses, E. coli, staphylococcus and streptococcus.

In this regard, muscle inflammation complicates the course of an infectious disease (for example, influenza, tonsillitis, tonsillitis, pneumonia).

A purulent infection in the body also provokes the development of myositis (purulent foci, abscesses in the muscles or sepsis). Its formation in muscle tissue is provoked by trauma to the skin without following the rules of antisepsis.

An autoimmune infection can cause myositis - this process is as follows: when microbial toxins enter the body, the immune system secretes antibodies that affect the connective tissue of the muscles. The body attacks itself in response to the stimulus.

In the autoimmune process, collagen and elastic fibers, fibrous muscle capsules, tendons are first affected, and then the muscle tissue itself. This is how myositis develops with rheumatism, etc.

Endogenous (internal) intoxication causes the development of toxic myositis. This process is as follows: insufficiency of internal organs (for example, heart or liver) caused by endocrine disorders (for example, toxicosis, diabetes mellitus) causes the formation of endogenous toxins in the muscles.

• External poisoning with drugs, alcohol products or industrial emissions also provokes the development of myositis.

Myositis ossificans (muscle inflammation due to injuries and bruises) leads to muscle ossification, which is caused by the deposition of salts in them. The pathogenesis of this type of myositis is not fully understood today. It is also known that it can be inherited.

Symptoms of myositis by localization of pain

Depending on the localization of the inflammatory process, the patient may experience different manifestations of the disease.

Cervical myositis, as a rule, is provoked by a draft. Its manifestation occurs in the morning after one or two days, after the person has "blown his neck."

• difficulty moving the head;
• pain in the frontal part, neck and ears;
• violation of the swallowing process;
• a constant increase in pain: at first, aching pain appears during movement, later - it is present even at rest;
• weather changes affect the strength of pain;
• swelling in the neck;
• redness of the skin of the neck;
• muscle weakness;
• increased body temperature (sometimes fever).

Myositis of the back muscles is characterized by a long course. Patients complain of a severe headache and general malaise, pain that is aggravated by tilting or turning.

Symptoms of myositis of the back muscles can appear all at once or gradually with the development of the disease:

• aching pain in the lumbar muscles;
• compaction of muscle tissue;
• pain during palpation of the muscles;
• joint pain;
• body temperature rises;
• there is a state of chills;
• constant muscle tension is felt;
• mobility is limited.

Pain may be aggravated by changes in weather or atmospheric pressure.

Myositis of the pectoral muscles

For chest myositis, an increase in pain is characteristic. Pain does not leave a person even at rest.
Symptoms of thoracic myositis:

• general weakness;
• pain in the chest area;
• feeling of spasm (numbness) of the muscles (especially in the morning);
• pressing on the muscle increases pain;
• chest muscles can be easily palpated (palpated);
• body temperature rises and a state of chills appears;
• the skin over the problem area swells and turns red;
• when probing, the muscles seem to be bumpy;
• weather changes exacerbate the pain.

Features of manifestations of myositis in children

In children, the signs of developing muscle inflammation appear a little differently. Often parents begin to treat a viral infection without medical advice, thereby putting their own child at risk. Symptoms of myositis in children:

• the child complains of pain;
• his body temperature rises;
• the child becomes weak and "sluggish";
• it is limited in movement (depending on localization);
• muscle spasms are observed;
• the skin turns red and swells (in the place where pain is present).

The severity and rate of increase in the symptoms of myositis indicates the severity of the disease: acute or chronic form.

The appearance of chronic myositis is a consequence of the lack of proper therapy for the acute form of the disease. With inappropriate treatment, the symptoms of chronic myositis worsen.

If symptoms of myositis are found, it is imperative to consult a doctor who can diagnose the disease. He will collect a detailed anamnesis and consider the patient's complaints. Depending on the degree of neglect of the disease, tests are prescribed:

1. General and biochemical blood tests to determine whether there is an inflammatory process in the body;
2. An antibody test to rule out an autoimmune disease
3. Magnetic resonance imaging to establish the exact localization of muscle tissue damage;
4. Electrophotography: electrical stimulators check the functionality of the muscles;
5. Biopsy of the back muscles, which is an extreme measure in the diagnosis of myositis.

The treatment regimen for myositis depends on the cause of its occurrence. The main method of therapy is to take painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs, for example, Ortofen, Analgin, Diclofenac, Voltaren.

The operation is accompanied by the introduction of drugs into the body to eliminate intoxication, such as immunostimulants and vitamins.

• warm compress;
• rubbing with ointments;
• exercise therapy.

In the hospital, the patient will visit massage and physiotherapy procedures:

• electrophoresis,
• phonophoresis,
• diadynamic currents and others.

As a prevention of myositis, sanitary-resort treatment can be prescribed.

Treatment of myositis with alternative methods can also be effective, but it is better when such procedures are carried out with complex drug therapy and in consultation with the attending physician.

Healing ointments made from willow bud powder and butter, crushed chamomile flowers or alcoholic lilac tincture will help relieve inflammation and field syndrome.

The treatment of cervical myositis is well facilitated by the application of warm boiled and mashed potatoes or cabbage leaves, which are previously rubbed with laundry soap and sprinkled with salt.

You can make compresses from burdock leaves scalded with boiling water or honey wraps.

Well cope with muscle inflammation tinctures of honey and apple cider vinegar, diluted with water, a decoction of adonis herb or burdock root.

Treatment prognosis and possible complications

As a preventive measure, you should simply take care of your health, adhering to the basic recommendations not only for myositis, but also for other diseases:

• prevent hypothermia of the body;
• not be in drafts;
• avoid carrying infectious diseases “on the legs”;
• do sport;
• during "sedentary work" take breaks to warm up;
• diversify the diet with foods high in vitamins and minerals.

Myositis causes the development of muscle weakness - a person feels difficulty when climbing stairs, it becomes difficult for him to move, is in an upright position.

Left untreated, new muscles are damaged. With cervical myositis, the larynx, pharynx and esophagus become inflamed. Inflammation in the respiratory muscles causes severe shortness of breath.

It is necessary to treat myositis in time to avoid muscle atrophy, which can persist until the end of life. If symptoms of the disease are detected, you should immediately consult a doctor.

Myositis of the back muscles is an inflammatory process that affects the skeletal (striated) muscles. Myositis is characterized by direct damage to the muscle tissue itself with its gradual destruction. The result is an increasing muscle weakening with the development of their atrophy.

find the answer

Inflammation can affect only one muscle, then local myositis is diagnosed.

If several muscle groups are involved in the process, they speak of polymyositis. Sometimes inflammation of the muscle tissue is combined with damage to the skin, in these cases, a severe autoimmune pathology, dermatomyositis, should be suspected.

The disease has an acute or chronic course, and acute myositis with insufficient therapy can turn into a chronic process. The muscles of the back among the rest of the skeletal muscles are most often subject to inflammation.

Strengthened sports or a long stay in an uncomfortable position negatively affects the condition of the spinal muscles, leading to their inflammation.

However, there are other factors that lead to the occurrence of myositis.

Causes of the problem

Some rheumatic diseases may be accompanied by mild symptoms of myositis: these include lupus erythematosus, rheumatoid arthritis.

The disease often occurs in athletes who have not calculated the capabilities of their body. Excessive physical activity leads to micro-ruptures of muscle fibers, which ends in an inflammatory process.

More often, after a long rest, muscle tissue is quickly restored. However, extensive damage may result in the development of muscle necrosis.

Symptoms of acute and chronic disease may differ from each other.

Symptoms

The onset of the disease is manifested by local pain in the damaged muscles of a aching nature with a tendency to gradually increase. The symptoms are aggravated by movement and do not go away at rest. In some forms of the disease, dense nodules form in damaged muscle fibers (Corelius symptom), they become a source of pain.

The inflamed back muscles are tense, tight, and may have some swelling. In the acute form, fever, chills, redness of the skin over the affected area may occur. Motor activity is severely limited due to constant pain.

Purulent form of the disease

With direct damage to the skin of the back, for example, as a result of an injury, with unsuccessful medical procedures, various microorganisms (streptococci, staphylococci) may enter the tissues. The development of a purulent form of myositis is not excluded.

Symptoms of the disease are:

• Acute onset;
• fever;
• severe muscle pain;
• edema;
• reflex contracture of the joints (with myositis of the back - a violation of the mobility of the spine);
• tightness, muscle spasm.

A few days later, with purulent myositis, tissue fusion occurs in the area of ​​​​inflammation, and foci of “swelling” appear. Not without the help of a surgeon.

Causes and symptoms of chronic myositis

Chronic inflammation is more often the result of incompletely cured acute myositis. Pain sensations are not so intense, they appear periodically and have a aching character.

The chronic form can proceed in the form of fibromyositis.

Painful adhesions form under the skin, consisting of muscles, tendons, blood vessels and nerve endings.

Myositis symptoms:

• subcutaneous nodules;
• painful hardening of the muscles;
• infiltrate in the subcutaneous tissue (cellulitis);
• the presence of a "roller" when pressing on the muscle;
• deposition of uric acid salts.

Pain points are located in a diffuse order, the symptoms of the disease are aggravated by feeling the affected area, skin sensitivity disorders are occasionally observed.

Sometimes chronic myositis occurs without severe pain, and muscle weakness becomes the only symptom of the disease. It can be permanent or can be detected only with special testing methods.

Video

Dermatomyositis and its characteristics

Dermatomyositis is an autoimmune disease characterized by progressive muscle weakness. The provoking factor is often the impact of solar insolation, stress, viral infections. The disease often affects women of young and mature age.

First, erythema appears on the skin - redness, which is more often localized in the décolleté area, above the elbow and knee joints, on the back of the shoulders, on the eyelids and cheekbones. In the future, peeling of the palms, cracks in the skin of the hands (“hands of a mechanic”) join.

The progression of the disease leads to increasing muscle weakness, which gradually and steadily progresses. Dermatomyositis can be a harbinger of oncological pathology, therefore, when such symptoms appear, the patient must be carefully examined.

Complications in these diseases

With a long course of myositis, muscle weakness develops, and then - atrophy of the back muscles. At first, it becomes difficult for the patient to climb stairs, walk for a long time.

With the progression of the disease, difficulties arise: getting out of bed, bringing the body to a vertical state, tearing the head off the pillow becomes an impossible task.

Diagnosis and similar symptoms

Only a doctor can diagnose muscle myositis, he will determine where the source of pain is. After all, this pathological condition can easily be confused with other diseases: osteochondrosis of the spine, lumbago, protrusion and herniated discs.

These diseases have similar symptoms: back pain, muscle tension and swelling, backache, stiffness of movements. With a long course, both myositis and osteochondrosis, muscle atrophy develops over time. Pain in the lower back may indicate kidney disease.

Therefore, do not rely on your own knowledge and consult a doctor as soon as possible.

Methods for diagnosing myositis:

• Electromyography is used to determine the functional state of muscle tissue and is performed using needle electrodes inserted into the skin. The method allows you to determine the site of damage (topic), the prevalence and severity of the process.
• Magnetic resonance imaging helps to identify areas of muscle damage at this moment and in dynamics.
• Muscle biopsy is rarely used. Through a small incision in the skin, the doctor takes a piece of muscle tissue, which is then examined under a microscope. The most reliable diagnostic method.
• Clinical blood and urine tests (to detect inflammation and exclude other pathologies).
• A blood test for the presence of autoantibodies helps to identify an autoimmune disease.
• In a biochemical blood test, an increase in the level of certain enzymes is possible, for example, an increase in creatine kinase levels indicates damage to muscle tissue.

Treatment with antibiotics and painkillers

It should be said that with the correct and timely treatment of back muscle myositis, the symptoms are reversible. Medicines are selected by the doctor based on the causes of the disease.

Before the arrival of the doctor, you can take painkillers: Diclofenac, Ibuprofen, Indomethacin. It is advisable to wrap the affected area with heat. The use of warming and anti-inflammatory ointments is allowed.

- This is an inflammatory process, accompanied by pain and the formation of nodules in the thickness of the muscle tissue. Occurs acutely or chronically. It is manifested by muscle tension and pain, mainly occurring in the morning or after physical exertion. To clarify the diagnosis and determine the cause of myositis, a general and biochemical blood test, MRI, an antibody test, electromyography, and a biopsy of the affected muscles can be prescribed. Treatment is conservative, including symptomatic (painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs, physiotherapy) and pathogenetic therapy aimed at eliminating the underlying disease.

ICD-10

M60 Myositis

General information

Myositis of the back muscles is a fairly widespread pathology. It can be observed in a number of infectious and non-infectious diseases, be acute or chronic. The occurrence is possible at any age, both men and women suffer. Most often, myositis develops in the lumbar region, less often in the cervical and thoracic spine. Treatment is carried out by orthopedic traumatologists.

The reasons

Predisposing factors for the development of myositis, according to experts in the field of traumatology and orthopedics, are injuries, viral diseases, hypothermia, prolonged physical activity at low temperatures, excessive stress, lack of motor activity, constant overstrain of a certain muscle group when performing professional or domestic duties, prolonged being in an uncomfortable position, muscle cramps, stress and nervous strain.

Classification

Along with the usual myositis, special forms of the disease are distinguished: acute purulent myositis, myositis with specific infections (tuberculosis, syphilis), traumatic ossifying myositis, genetically determined ossifying myositis (progressive ossifying dysplasia), idiopathic and juvenile dermatomyositis and polymyositis, dermatomyositis and polymyositis with malignant tumors and some connective tissue diseases.

Symptoms

The clinical symptoms of myositis of the back muscles are largely determined by the cause of the disease. A common symptom is pain in a certain area of ​​the back (cervical, thoracic, lumbar), which occurs after sleep, then gradually decreases and increases again with physical exertion or being in an uncomfortable position. Examination reveals swelling (usually slight) and muscle tension. Unsharply pronounced hyperemia of the skin in the affected area is possible. Movement in the anteroposterior and lateral directions is usually limited. Palpation is painful, with palpation, nodules and areas of compaction are determined. In chronic myositis, atrophy of the inflamed muscle is often detected.

Cervical myositis usually occurs after exposure to a draft. Patients complain of pain on one side (right or left), extending from the lower part of the back of the head to the shoulder girdle or shoulder joint. With thoracic and lumbar myositis, pain is also more often unilateral. With inflammation of the muscles of the thoracic region, irradiation along the ribs is possible. With myositis in the lumbar region, pain can be either mild, causing minor discomfort, or intense, significantly limiting movement and walking.

Types of myositis

Acute purulent myositis occurs due to infection of the back muscles with skin injuries, the spread of purulent infection from neighboring tissues (with pyoderma, furunculosis, carbuncle) or the introduction of pathogens with blood flow. Streptococci, gonococci, pneumococci, and Ebert's bacillus can act as pathogens. Perhaps the formation of limited purulent foci in the form of one or more abscesses or the development of a phlegmonous form of the disease.

The disease begins acutely. There is pain in the back, accompanied by weakness, weakness, headache and fever. The affected area is edematous, hyperemic. At first, the muscle is compacted, then foci of unsteadiness are formed in the muscle tissue. In the early stages, treatment is conservative, patients are prescribed UHF and antibiotic therapy. When forming an abscess, an opening and drainage are carried out.

Myositis ossificans It is rare and is divided into two subtypes: traumatic and progressive. The first subtype of the disease occurs after injuries of the back muscles and is accompanied by the formation of a site of ossification of muscle tissue in the area of ​​damage. It proceeds favorably, the treatment is excision of the ossified area. The second subtype is a genetically determined disease that affects not only the back muscles, but almost all muscle groups. It arises as a result of gene mutation, is prone to a steady progressive course, ends in death due to ossification of the muscles involved in breathing and swallowing.

Dermatomyositis- a systemic disease that affects skeletal and smooth muscles, as well as the skin and internal organs. If there are no changes in the skin, they talk about polymyositis. Occurs rarely, women get sick more often than men. It is a multifactorial disease, among the provoking factors include insolation, some viral and bacterial infections, as well as taking a number of medications. It can be acute, subacute or chronic. It is accompanied by weakness of the muscles of the upper back (cervical), abdominal, pelvic and shoulder girdle, damage to the lungs, heart, joints and gastrointestinal tract. Treatment - taking glucocorticoids and cytostatics.

Tuberculous myositis back muscles, as a rule, occurs during the transition of the process from regional lymph nodes, vertebrae and joints of the spine. In some cases, hematogenous transmission of infection is observed. It can occur in the form of typical myositis, cold abscess and muscular sclerosis. Anti-tuberculosis therapy is carried out, if necessary, surgical operations are performed.

Syphilitic myositis usually develops in the tertiary period of syphilis, secondary syphilis is characterized by volatile myalgia without signs of inflammation. Muscle involvement is usually diffuse. In some cases, separate gummas can form in the sternocleidomastoid muscle. Held