What to do if brown mucus is released. Brown discharge instead of menstruation is common. When such releases occur

The menstrual cycle is a hormone-regulated process. During it, the growth of the endometrium gradually occurs. In the absence of pregnancy, this process ends with its rejection and the release of menstrual blood to the outside. This period takes an average of 5 days.

But sometimes bloody brown discharge of varying intensity appears on other days. The reasons for this depend on the age and condition of the body.

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  1. In children and adolescents

  For the first time, brown discharge may appear in newborn girls on the 4-5th day of life. This is a physiological condition, which is called a sexual crisis.

  It occurs under the influence of a sharp drop in estrogen levels after birth. The sexual crisis is observed in 70% of newborns and indicates the normal adaptation of the child. It lasts no longer than 2 days and does not require special treatment. Usually the volume of the allocated blood does not exceed 2 ml.

  If the mother noticed brown discharge on the underwear of a girl of preschool age, then you need to think about the personal hygiene of the child. Neglect of water procedures, uncomfortable underwear, enterobiasis lead to the development of and.

  They are characterized by an increase in the amount of discharge, the appearance of an unpleasant odor, redness of the vulva, and intense itching. The child involuntarily adjusts his panties, fidgets. Day and night sleep is disturbed, he becomes restless, anxious with frequent waking up.

  With severe itching, the girl will comb problem areas. Sometimes this results in small drops of blood on the underwear.

  Before puberty, the causes of spotting may be the following:

  • inflammatory diseases (vulvitis and vulvovaginitis);
  • foreign bodies in the vagina;
  • injuries and violent acts;
  • very rarely - tumors.

  In rare cases, bleeding can occur due to the intake of large amounts of estrogen in the body. These can be tablet medicines taken without permission from the mother, as well as vaginal creams with estrogens (for example, in the treatment of synechia).

  Hormonal imbalance that occurs against the background of stress, endocrinological diseases, taking certain drugs, can also cause brownish spotting. This is more often observed with hyperestrogenism. In the middle of the cycle, spotting may be associated with a sharp drop in hormone levels after ovulation. Its duration in this case does not exceed 2-3 days.

  2.2. endometriosis

  The growth of the endometrium in atypical places may be accompanied by the appearance of spotting and bleeding between periods. This condition is associated with relative hyperestrogenism. Foci of endometriosis have their own hormonal activity.

  Sometimes dark, almost black, thick discharge occurs a few days after the end of menstruation. This condition is observed with endometriosis of the uterus - adenomyosis. It is associated with delayed emptying of the endometrioid cavities, which penetrate the uterine wall and resemble a honeycomb. During menstruation, the endometrium is shed, and only after a few days does it release these cavities.

  Treatment of this pathology depends on its severity. With a small degree of endometriosis, hormonal drugs are used, a severe degree requires surgical intervention.

  2.3. Ectopic pregnancy

  The attachment of a fertilized egg outside the uterine cavity is called an ectopic pregnancy. The most common is a tubal pregnancy, but the embryo can attach in other places:

  • in the cervix;
  • in the abdominal cavity;
  • on the surface of the ovary;
  • in the vestigial uterine horn.

  A woman may not be aware of the presence of pregnancy, especially if there is an irregular menstrual cycle. But such a pregnancy ends in an abortion. The severity of the symptoms of its interruption will depend on the place of attachment of the fetal egg.

  When the fallopian tube ruptures, acute bleeding into the abdominal cavity begins. Therefore, clinical manifestations appear suddenly, accompanied by a sharp deterioration in the condition. The main bleeding opens into the abdominal cavity, there may not be any discharge of blood from the vagina.

  An interrupted ectopic pregnancy of the type of tubal abortion has more subtle symptoms. This state will manifest itself as follows:

  1. 1 The increase in clinical symptoms is long - from several days to weeks.
  2. 2 Complaints of paroxysmal pain in the lower abdomen.
  3. 3 Discharge scanty, spotting, brown or almost black.
  4. 4 Sometimes dizziness, vomiting, nausea, weakness may disturb.

  In ovarian pregnancy, termination occurs at an early stage. Symptoms are similar to tubal abortion. Cervical pregnancy is a big danger. At first, there will be no symptoms. Then there are smearing dark brown discharge. As pregnancy progresses, the risk of profuse bleeding increases. Has a poor prognosis. Curettage with the aim of interrupting it is almost impossible to carry out - this is a huge risk of massive bleeding that threatens life.

  For a short period of time, abortion is possible using cytostatics (Methotrexate), as well as embolization of the uterine arteries. With the progression of pregnancy, massive bleeding is an indication for hysterectomy.

  2.4. Ovarian apoplexy

  This is an emergency condition, which is a consequence of hemorrhage in the tissue of the ovary. Often occurs during the ovulation phase.

  The severity of bleeding depends on the form of the disease. With anemic apoplexy, bleeding into the abdominal cavity predominates. Therefore, a large amount of blood can be released from the vagina, and the general condition of the body is characterized by acute significant blood loss. Symptoms of apoplexy:

  • lowering blood pressure;
  • tachycardia;
  • pallor, dizziness;
  • acute pain in the abdomen;
  • unexpressed symptoms of irritation of the peritoneum.

  The painful form of apoplexy is characterized by bleeding in the ovarian tissue. Therefore, scanty brownish discharge is observed from the genital tract. Clinical picture: paroxysmal pain, acute onset of the disease, nausea, vomiting.

  Treatment of apoplexy depends on its form. In the absence of signs of bleeding, if the condition is stable, it can be treated conservatively:

  • cold on the lower abdomen;
  • hemostatics;
  • antibiotics;
  • vitamins.

  Treatment is carried out in a hospital under constant supervision. If the condition worsens, blood loss continues, surgical treatment is necessary.

  2.5. During pregnancy

  The appearance of brownish discharge in a pregnant woman should alert. Only in some cases can this be considered a variant of the norm:

  1. 1 At the beginning of pregnancy, when the implantation of the ovum occurs. Bleeding may appear after a few days of missed periods. In intensity and appearance, they will be very different from menstrual. Usually last no more than 3 days.
  2. 2 At the end of pregnancy, when the cervix is ​​preparing for childbirth. Brown discharge with mucus impurities is a sign of a cork coming out of the cervix.

  In the early stages of pregnancy, the appearance of brown discharge is associated with the threat of miscarriage. In this case, pulling pains in the lower abdomen, in the lower back, and perineum may appear.

  This condition is often associated with insufficient amounts of progesterone in the blood. It is corrected by the appointment of progesterone preparations: Duphaston, Utrozhestan.

  To maintain pregnancy, they must be taken until the formation of the placenta, after which it takes over the function of progesterone synthesis. It usually occurs around 16 weeks. But in some cases, progesterone is canceled only at 20 weeks.

  In the second and third trimester, the appearance of brown spotting is also associated with a threat to the further progression of pregnancy. This may indicate the beginning of detachment of a normally located placenta.

  With a diagnosed placenta previa, the discharge of red blood from the genital tract may be due to this pathology. Both of these conditions require immediate medical attention and hospitalization in a hospital (department of pathology).

  If blood smearing is observed during placenta previa, then attempts are made to maintain the pregnancy. With heavy bleeding, only a caesarean section is possible, regardless of the gestational age.

  After childbirth, a woman has bleeding, which gradually acquires a mucous character. By the time of discharge from the hospital, the discharge is moderate, mucus-brown, without an unpleasant odor (there may be a smell of iron).

  If at home, instead of a gradual lightening and a decrease in the number of lochia, brown or bright red discharge is observed, then you should immediately consult a doctor. An unpleasant, pungent or putrid smell of lochia, which is often observed in postpartum endometritis, should also alert a woman.

  To stop bleeding, curettage of the uterine cavity is necessary to remove possible remnants of the placental membranes.

  3. Menopause period

  During the period of gradual fading of ovarian function, menstruation may disappear and resume. But the appearance of spotting in the middle of the menstrual cycle should alert.

  If a woman has previously been diagnosed with endometriosis or endometrial hyperplasia, then they may be the cause of vaginal discharge. , menstruation is absent for more than a year, then if blood with mucus, watery brown discharge appears, you should consult a doctor. This may be a symptom of cancer that requires immediate diagnosis.

  May be a direct consequence: dryness of the vaginal mucosa with simultaneous atrophy leads to the appearance of small cracks, microtraumas during sex.

  4. Diagnostics

  The causes of brown vaginal discharge can be very diverse. It is important to remember that their appearance in a period of time not associated with menstruation requires a visit to a doctor. In addition to the survey and examination in the gynecological chair, I can perform:

  1. 2 PAP test.
  2. 3 Colposcopy and hysteroscopy.
  3. 4 Separate curettage and histological examination of the material.
  4. 5 Ultrasound of the pelvic organs.
  5. 6 According to indications: hysterography and MRI, blood test for tumor markers, complete blood count, studies of the level of sex hormones.

Vaginal secretion is able to indicate natural and signal pathological processes in a woman's body, so attention is drawn to it first of all. It is possible to assume what brown discharge can mean, based on the time of their occurrence, the duration of the course, and the presence of additional symptoms.

When the symptom is within the normal range

Under certain conditions, the causes of brown discharge in women are not associated with pathology. To provoke a brownish vaginal fluid with mucus can:

• inaccurate or prolonged sexual intercourse;
• rupture of the follicular sac during ovulation;
• conception;
• the beginning of pregnancy;
• postpartum recovery;
• adaptation to birth control pills;
• intense physical activity or sports;
• stabilization of the monthly cycle in a girl;
• preparing the body for menstruation;
• the release of the remaining endometrium after menstruation;
• premenopause and menopause.

If the phenomenon occurs in the middle of the cycle

During the fertile period or ovulation, blood may appear in the abundant mucous fluid of the cervical canal. At first, but after the rupture of the follicle in which the egg matures, the mucus may darken due to the ingress of coagulated blood, turning brown. Normally, the liquid should have the following characteristics:

1. Minor volume.
2. Smearing character.
3. (see photo).
4. Duration up to two days.
5. No foul odor, pain, or feeling of tension around the ovaries.

It is imperative to go to the hospital if a similar situation is noted constantly, the general condition worsens, and, without interruption, turning into menstruation.

Before menstruation

A few days before monthly bleeding, a girl can observe traces on linen or daily from minor brown mucous secretions. This phenomenon is unique. The fibrous structure of the secret should not be frightening, since this is how the body signals the beginning of the process of rejection of the mucous layer of the uterus.

Prolonged discharge of a smearing nature of a brownish or maroon hue a week before menstruation can be caused by:

• stress
• wrong diet;
• strict diets;
• overweight;
• wrong way of life;
• lack of sleep;
• smoking, drugs and alcohol;
• constant physical overstrain;
• severe hormone deficiency.

Brown discharge between periods in most cases indicates a violation of the menstrual cycle or the presence of pathology. A particularly dangerous symptom is the unpleasant odor of the secreted fluid and constant pain in the abdomen and lower back.

After menstruation

There should not be much brown mucus from the genital tract, since implantation damages a small number of blood vessels. Some women have no such early sign at all, so secretion with blood does not always mean pregnancy.

Brown discharge in women after ovulation after 6-12 days can indicate fertilization. The time interval depends on the individual characteristics of the organism.

Additional symptoms:

• swelling and soreness of the mammary glands;
• frequent urge to go to the toilet;
• increased drowsiness;
• sudden mood swings;
• dizziness and fatigue.

Hormonal fluctuations

At the beginning of the use of oral contraceptives or an intrauterine device, the body gradually adjusts to the contraceptive. The adaptation period can last about three months, accompanied by minor.

In this situation, it is necessary to pay attention to the discomfort, as well as the specific period of the cycle when this or that vaginal secretion occurs. A woman can cause dark vaginal discharge:

• skipping a pill;
• violation of instructions;
• taking a large dose of the drug;
• wrong type OK.

When discharge indicates a pathology

Without serious knowledge of gynecology, it is difficult to independently establish why brown discharge occurs, and there is significant discomfort and pain in the lower abdomen. But a woman can pay attention to the following signs, which should be the reason for an immediate visit to the gynecologist:

1. The bloody secretion is too thick or watery.
2. The amount of fluid that comes out is getting bigger every time.
3. The pad gets wet in less than an hour.
4. Blood is noted in the mucus systematically.
5. Sexual contact is accompanied by pain.
6. There is a high body temperature for no reason.
7. There is an unpleasant smell.
8. Feeling itchy and burning.
9. Missing periods for a long time.
10. There are a large number of clots during pseudomenstruation.

Often the pathological condition of the reproductive system manifests itself in the release of a large amount of secretion with blood. However, gynecological pathologies do not always make themselves felt with vivid symptoms, so they can be mistakenly correlated with the consequences of stress, starvation, inaccurate intercourse and other relatively non-dangerous provocateurs. Therefore, if brownish discharge of any intensity is detected, you should visit a gynecologist. Consider the most common pathologies accompanied by the described symptom.

If the discharge goes instead of menstruation

This secret can be noted instead of menstruation. This is a meager smearing secretion (up to 50 ml), which is accompanied by the following symptoms:

• lower back pain;
• feeling of tightness or pain in the chest;
• shade the lower abdomen or suprapubic area;
• dizziness;
• nausea.

The symptom can be caused by the following reasons:

1. Hormonal disbalance.
2. Pituitary dysfunction.
3. Endometrial trauma.
4. Consequence of an abortion.
5. protracted inflammatory process.
6. Improper functioning of the endocrine system.
7. Strong physical activity.
8. Exhausting sports.
9. Start of pregnancy.

Why do highlights change color?

The brownish color of the fluid from the vagina varies depending on the factor of occurrence: light brown, brown, or even black. Vaginal secretion may darken due to:

• taking antibiotics;
• hormonal imbalance;
• aggravation of the disease;
• development of diabetes;
• malfunction of the endocrine system;
• hormone treatment.

Remember that the normal secretion, after getting on the linen after some time under the influence of oxygen, darkens slightly, acquiring a light yellow-brown hue.

Gynecological diseases and pathologies of pregnancy

The appearance of copious dark brown discharge cannot be associated with the normal processes in the body. This sign indicates:

• inflammatory processes;
• genital infections;
• ectopic (ectopic pregnancy);
• the threat of miscarriage (from the first to the third trimester);
• endometritis;
• cystitis;
• endometriosis;
• erosion of the cervix;
• polyps;
• endometrial hyperplasia;
• benign neoplasms;

Diseases may not be diagnosed for a long time because the symptoms do not appear immediately. A woman may be unaware of the pathology, and not observe any obvious signs. The appearance of dark brown discharge often indicates an already advanced case, which will be much more difficult to treat. It is for this reason that without a good reason, you should visit a gynecologist every six months, and if there are unnatural symptoms, immediately.

Problems with pregnancy and malignant tumors are considered especially dangerous, because in these situations there is a threat to the life of the patient without timely treatment or surgery.

Cystitis

With inflammation of the urethra or the bladder itself, blood is released, which is not related to diseases of the reproductive system. After frequent urination, a woman not only notes, but also pain in the lower abdomen or lower back. Additional symptoms of urethritis resemble the common cold. The following symptoms and characteristics of the secreted fluid should alert:

• the appearance of blood in the urine;
• frequent urge to urinate;
• cloudy urine;
• high body temperature;
• vomiting and nausea.

Infectious diseases

Infection of the genital organs of a woman in the absence of timely treatment causes protracted inflammatory processes. Such violations affect the amount and shade of vaginal secretions. To prevent complications, women need to know the nature of the dangerous brown discharge and what infections they occur with.

• chlamydia;
• gonorrhea;
• trichomoniasis;
• candidiasis (thrush);
• genital herpes;
• mycoplasmosis;
• ureaplasmosis;
• bacterial vaginosis;
• gardnerellosis.

The occurrence of these diseases can occur asymptomatically until the infection provokes inflammation. Each type of pathology has its own signs, but in any condition, brown vaginal discharge is a serious reason to visit a doctor and take a smear for microscopic examination.

Dark discharge can be considered normal or indicate the development of a pathological process in the body. In case of any ailments, it is necessary to consult a specialist and in no case self-medicate. Only on the basis of the results of the examination and tests, the doctor will prescribe an effective treatment.

information In more rare cases, a woman may experience inflammation of the internal genital organs. Surgical treatment - cleaning the uterine cavity.

In the second trimester

preterm birth

dangerous Starting from the 20th week of gestation, a premature onset is possible.

Most often occurs due to infections in the mother and fetus, frequent comorbidities in women, etc. Brown discharge may occur when the cervix opens and precedes the appearance of red spotting and.

Also, this condition is accompanied by severe cramping pains in the abdomen, pulling pains in the sacrum. Requires immediate medical care, hospitalization in an obstetric hospital and delivery. In an extremely rare case, with an immediate response of a pregnant woman, it is possible to stop and prolong the gestation of the fetus as much as possible until it is more ready for independent life. Regardless of the gestational age

On any of them, the development or exacerbation of an existing pathology in a woman is possible, which are also often accompanied by brown discharge.

Cervical erosion

information It is a fairly common pathology in modern women and in almost all of its cases occurs even at a young (even adolescence) age.

It is a violation of the structure of epithelial cells, ulceration on the mucous membrane. Brown, scanty, slightly spotting discharge during pregnancy occurs after contact of the damaged area with a foreign object (gynecological examination, sexual intercourse). Most often, they are not accompanied by any additional symptoms, disappear after 1 day and do not require medical intervention during the period of bearing a child.

Inflammatory and infectious processes of the genital tract

Any sexually transmitted infections (both venereal and common bacterial) can cause brown spotting at any gestational age. A woman could become infected many years before conception and be a carrier of the infection, and against the background of hormonal changes and a slightly reduced immunity, these bacteria became more active, their numbers increased and a clinic of the disease arose.

A man, who became a source of infection in a woman, could get the disease not only through sexual contact, but also with the disease:

• cystitis (inflammation of the bladder);
• prostatitis (inflammation of the prostate);
• urethritis (inflammation of the urethra), etc.

In addition to brown discharge, a woman may be disturbed by:

• the unpleasant odor of these secretions;
• viscous consistency;
• discomfort in the lower abdomen and pelvis.

information The most common treatment is antibiotics in the form of suppositories, vaginal tablets, or oral tablets, with minimal impact on the fetus.

Injuries of the vagina and cervix

This condition can occur with domestic or violent damage. In the case when the injury is small, the violation of the integrity of the mucous membrane is insignificant, the discharge may be brown or brown-red, accompanied by discomfort in the wound area, itching. Examination by a gynecologist in the mirrors also causes discomfort and increased bleeding. Treatment depends on the extent of the damage, from disinfectant solutions to surgery.

Polyps in the vagina and on the cervix

Benign small ones can be in a future mother both before pregnancy and manifest themselves at any of the terms of bearing a child. At the slightest touch to the polyp (sexual intercourse, examination by a gynecologist, etc.), it begins to bleed. This is manifested by spotting brown discharge and is not accompanied by additional symptoms.

Treatment during pregnancy is mainly not carried out, however, after delivery, these neoplasms should be delete, because over time, the process of degeneration of cells into malignant ones can begin.

Vaginal discharge is divided into physiological, normal for a certain age and stage of the menstrual cycle, and pathological associated with diseases of the genital organs. It is impossible to make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe a course of treatment for a single symptom, but the appearance of a discharge that is different from the norm gives a reason to contact a gynecologist and undergo an examination.

Normal the discharge consists of a mixture of mucus, dead epithelium and microbial cells, the secret of the Bartholin glands located on the threshold of the vagina. They contain glycogen - a nutrient for beneficial microflora, and lactic acid - a waste product of lactobacilli. The content of glycogen is maximum on the day of ovulation. Normally, there are transparent discharges or whitish, the consistency is mucous, with small lumps or homogeneous, without an unpleasant odor, up to 4-5 ml per day in volume.

Beli

Abundant vaginal discharge or scanty, but atypical in nature or smell, is called leucorrhoea. Whites create a constant feeling of moisture, burning and itching in the perineum. The reasons copious discharge - inflammatory processes ( , ); infectious diseases of the urogenital organs, non-specific or STDs; tumors or injuries of the internal genitalia; allergic reactions to latex, spermicidal lubricants, underwear and hygiene products for intimate areas.

By origin, there are vaginal discharges, uterine and tubal (watery, large in volume) and cervical (thick, scanty).

White with pus - a symptom of inflammation,bloody are often associated with tumor development; curdled or resembling white flakes are characteristic of thrush; orange and greenish with a putrid odor - for gardnerellosis (bacterial vaginosis);foaming appear with trichomoniasis.

Beli can appear after long courses of contraceptives, after douching with antiseptics; with constipation and a static lifestyle, leading to stagnation of venous blood in the small pelvis. The omission of the walls of the vagina, microtrauma of the genitals after sexual intercourse, ruptures of the perineum also cause the formation of leucorrhoea.

Mucous discharge is normal

The first mucous secretions are observed in newborn girls, the appearance of a secret is associated with residual amounts of maternal hormones. After 3-4 weeks, the discharge disappears and reappears by the age of 8-11 years, when the production of one's own estrogen increases. Mucus is secreted periodically, similar to raw egg white or rice water, sour in smell, color - white with a yellowish tint.

Further, during puberty, cyclic vaginal discharge appears. The beginning of the cycle is the first day of menstruation; in the 1st half of the cycle and until its middle, coinciding with ovulation, there is less discharge. They are mucous or watery, homogeneous, possibly with small lumps. In the middle of the cycle - mucous and abundant, viscous in consistency, possibly beige or brownish.

After ovulation jelly-like discharge, similar to jelly. They increase the content of lactic acid, which is produced by lactobacilli, and the discharge acquires a sour smell. Increased acidity protects the vaginal mucosa, which is looser and more vulnerable to infection during this time period. Before menstruation, the volume of mucous secretions increases again.

Discharge during pregnancy liquid and copious, whitish or transparent. Before childbirth, the cervix dilates, and the cervical plug comes out in the form of a rather large clot of mucus, possibly with an admixture of scarlet blood. Usually the release of the cork coincides with the first contractions. If there is more vaginal secretion than usual, then you should go to the gynecologist: perhaps amniotic fluid is “leaking”.

The presence of liquid blood or blood clots in the discharge suggests an ectopic pregnancy, a threat of interruption gestation, atypical position (previa) or placental abruption. All options are dangerous, at any moment they can be complicated by bleeding and end in death. A pregnant woman who has noted the appearance of scarlet blood from the vagina should immediately lie down, then immediately call an ambulance.

White discharge

During puberty, vaginal discharge may be due to inflammation. intestines, bladder, uterus or ovaries. These episodes include pain associated with urination, intestinal colic or pulling sensations in the lower abdomen and in the lumbar region. Perhaps the temperature will rise, a blood test will show signs of inflammation (leukocytosis, an increase in ESR): then inflammation treatment will be needed.

10-12 months before the onset of the first menstruation, the vaginal mucosa reacts to hormonal changes and liquid, transparent discharges or white, the color of highly diluted milk, odorless or sour are formed. No measures need to be taken if there are no complaints of burning or itching in the perineum, and the discharge does not take on a curdled appearance.

After the onset of sexual activity, the consistency and composition of the secretions change, the reason is the addition of the partner's microflora, which is different in composition from the vaginal flora. It takes time to adapt, in each case is different, and the situation will return to normal again. During the adaptation period, the volume of secretion increases, the discharge becomes more liquid, with a pale yellowish or whitish tint. A change in sexual partner is almost always associated with a variation in the nature of vaginal discharge.

After unprotected intercourse, the discharge normally first takes the form of yellowish or white clots, and after 5-8 hours the secret turns into a liquid and plentiful. After protected intercourse, a white and thick discharge appears, resembling a lubricant.

Taking contraceptives or breastfeeding reduce normal secretion: vaginal discharge is scanty and thick, white or yellowish.

gives white curdled discharge, copious, sour in smell. Sometimes the discharge resembles yellowish curd lumps or white flakes. The disease is accompanied by itching and swelling of the genitals, irritation of the skin of the perineum. The development of candidiasis is a sign of a decrease in immunity.

cheesy white plaque in the vagina with thrush

Thrush is often associated with STDs(, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis) and, manifests itself in metabolic diseases (diabetes mellitus) and tumors. Candidiasis definitely requires treatment.

Video: vaginal discharge - norm and pathology

Yellow and green discharge

"Colored" discharge from the vagina occurs with STDs, bacterial vaginosis (gardnerellosis), with nonspecific genital inflammation.

With STDs, leucorrhoea is always pain and burning associated with urination.

: visible on examination of the vagina yellow discharge, emerging from the cervical canal and flowing down the walls of the vagina. Belyam is accompanied by pain in the lower back and lower abdomen, an increase in Bartholin's glands. The diagnosis is confirmed by PCR analysis.

: leucorrhoea plentiful, frothy, greenish or yellowish with a strong putrid odor. May drain onto the perineum, inner thighs and cause skin irritation.

: moderate in volume, the color is yellowish white. May be accompanied by bleeding without matching the cycle, pain of the "lowered belt" type - lower back, lower abdomen, inner thighs. With gonorrhea, a putrid smell of leucorrhoea is often found; a change in their color from grayish-white to yellow indicates the transition of the acute stage of the disease to the chronic one.

: leucorrhoea plentiful, grayish-white, with the smell of rotting fish. Sticky, yellow-green and even orange discharge is typical of an untreated, long-term disease. Itching is not strong, occurs periodically. All symptoms are exacerbated immediately after intercourse.

Nonspecific vaginitis(colpitis): with this disease, leucorrhoea is the main symptom. The type of vaginal discharge varies, depending on the severity of the process. With inflammation of the vagina, the secret becomes sour by reaction, by consistency - viscous and stretching or plentiful and liquid, loses its transparency. A hazy white tint is given by leukocytes,yellowish-green color due to the presence of pus,yellowish-pink - blood. In the initial stages of inflammation, serous leucorrhoea is liquid, watery; then they transform into purulent - thick, green, with a strong putrefactive odor.

and adnexitis: inflammation of the fallopian tubes and ovaries. May appear as specific complications caused by ascending venereal infection in STDs, or "normal" inflammation of the internal genitalia. The discharge is always accompanied by pain in the abdomen; in the acute period - periodic, cramping and strong, in the chronic stage - of medium and low intensity, constant, dull, pulling.

Let's summarize. Causes of yellow and green whites:

• foamy discharge - a characteristic sign of STDs;
• abundant discharge is typical for the acute stage of colpitis, adnexitis and salpingitis;
• scanty leucorrhoea - for chronic adnexitis and salpingitis.

Brown and pink discharge

Associated with the presence of blood in vaginal secretions; may appear for physiological or pathological reasons.

Physiological reasons:

1. small brown, pink or scarlet discharge in the middle of the cycle: the laundry does not get dirty, the color is noticeable only on sanitary napkins or toilet paper. Secretion signals that ovulation has taken place, which helps plan pregnancy.
2. pinkish and brownish discharge- the norm for the end of menstruation, when there was a complete rejection of the endometrium and the proliferation phase begins (growth of a new endometrium).
3. Bloody issues during the period of taking hormonal drugs. If they last more than three cycles, then it is worth changing the contraceptive and being examined by a gynecologist.
4. Secretion of cervical mucus with bright blood- in pregnant women before childbirth.

Pathological causes

Pathological causes can be: sexually transmitted diseases (gonorrhea), endometritis, uterine tumors, endometrial hyperplasia, polyposis, cervical erosion, endometriosis.

For gonorrhea the infection rises from the vagina upwards, affecting the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries. Appearance blood in streaksamong mucopurulent secretions and intermenstrual bleeding are signs of an ascending gonococcal infection. A confirmed diagnosis is made after, which must be positive for gonorrhea, or after the detection of gonococci in it.

- inflammation of the functional uterine layer, which is updated after each menstrual cycle. brown whites, associated with endometritis, appear before and after menstruation, it is also possible to produce brownish mucus in the middle of the cycle. Almost always, inflammation of the endometrium is combined with its hyperplasia (growth) and menstrual bleeding, often the cycle is shortened. Profuse bleeding leads to anemia, the hemoglobin content drops to 50-70 g / l (the norm for women is 120-140 g / l). A woman feels constant fatigue, shortness of breath and dizziness appear even with little physical effort.

Endometrial hyperplasia is considered a precancerous condition.

To return the endometrium to normal, you must first cure the inflammation. The course of antibiotics lasts at least 3 months, the drugs are prescribed for 3 menstrual cycles.

Endometriosis is an overgrowth of glandular tissue (endometrium) in the neck and muscular layer of the uterus (myometrium), fallopian tubes, ovaries, in the abdominal organs. Endometrial cells get into atypical places during abortions, during instrumental examinations of the uterus, during childbirth and during the return of menstrual masses. endometriosis spreads i, leads to numerous local inflammations and the formation adhesions; common complication - infertility.

Drawing pains during menstruation are typical, bloody discharge from all foci of growths of the endometrium. At colposcopy small multiple nodules or cysts, cyanotic or red stripes are visible on the cervix. Bloody-brown leucorrhoea becomes lighter after menstruation, their volume decreases during this period and increases again before the next menstruation. Abdominal endometriosis is a common cause of internal bleeding and subsequent surgery (laparotomy).

Cervical erosion: violation of the integrity of the mucosa, when viewed to determine the boundaries of erosion, acetic acid, 3-5% solution is used. After smearing the surface with acid, erosion is visible as a whitish spot on a pink background. When erosion occurs, small spotting appears, their number increases after intercourse.

Bleeding in cancer patients

endometrial hyperplasia accompanied by smearing brown or bloody discharge before and after menstruation. Acyclic uterine bleeding is possible: they are long, up to several weeks and even months, leading to anemia. The disease develops due to hormonal imbalance, with problems with lipid and carbohydrate metabolism (obesity, diabetes mellitus), hypertension, after gynecological operations, with hereditary predisposition, as a result of STDs - after inflammation of the uterus, with endometritis.

For treatment, combined estrogen / progestogen preparations are used, with severe bleeding - curettage of the endometrium. Be sure to do a biopsy, assess the degree of cellular atypia and growth of glandular tissue. If cancer is suspected, the examination is repeated.

Polyps in the uterus- these are elongated growths of the endometrium, symptoms of polyposis often become brown discharge and postmenstrual bleeding. Discomfort during sexual contact is possible, immediately after its completion - spotting brownish discharge. The reasons for the formation of polyps are an imbalance of estrogens and progestogens, inflammation of the endometrium and cervical canal. Small polyps are discovered by chance; large (more than 2 cm) are manifested by pain in the form of contractions, increased menstrual blood loss. The main complication is infertility; the transition of polyposis to a malignant tumor has not been proven.

Tumors in the uterus in the later stages they are manifested by bleeding, in the early period - by spotting vaginal brown discharge. Tumors of the uterus are divided into benign(polyps, fibromyomas and myomas) and malignant(endometrial cancer and myosarcoma, cervical cancer). Leucorrhoea with pus and scarlet blood, possibly offensive, is characteristic of the decay of the tumor; with cervical cancer appear thick discharge, scanty, streaked with blood. Submucosal fibromatous nodes always give severe bleeding, that is, they clinically proceed malignantly. Cervical cancer quickly metastasizes, spreading to the pelvic lymph nodes, the liver and lungs, and can move to the walls of the vagina.

Video: discharge from women, expert opinion

Vaginal discharge is a physiological process that is considered normal if it is colorless and has no strong odor. In the event that brown discharge appears, there may be a threat to the woman's health. You should find out as soon as possible why brown discharge appeared: otherwise, there is a risk of missing the moment, and a latent disease will lead to unpleasant consequences.

In women who do not have health problems, the discharge is a transudate of the glands located on the wall of the vagina. Under normal conditions, mucus is colorless and odorless. If it turns white and acquires a sour smell, this may indicate a problem with the microflora of the vagina.

If the bacterial balance is disturbed and against the background of various diseases, the color of the transudate may change. By the color of the discharge, doctors can roughly guess the disease that caused such changes.

Brown discharge in women very often indicates the presence of a serious pathology. However, there are conditions under which the transudate will turn brown, but this will be considered normal. We are talking about the phases of the cycle and taking certain medications.

The appearance of dark brown discharge should alert if Together with them, the following signs are revealed:

• Brown discharge appears between periods.
• Dark transudate appears between menstruation, and at the same time the woman does not take medications containing hormonal components.
• The appearance of brown whites is accompanied by the appearance of pain in the lower abdomen, lower back and sacrum.
• Leucorrhea accompanied by burning in the vagina.
• Sexual intercourse becomes painful.
• Rashes appear on the vaginal mucosa.
• Discharge appears during menopause.
• Discharge appears after sex.

Usually brown color indicates the presence of blood cells in the transudate. If bloody impurities come out outside certain phases of the cycle, then the woman should immediately contact a specialist to determine the cause of the brown discharge.

Causes of brown transudate

Dark discharge can appear due to normal physiological processes and various pathological conditions. For this reason, doctors divide the factors that affect the appearance of a brown transudate into 2 groups: normal and pathological.

Normal Factors

Brown discharge often appears the day before the onset of menstruation. They always indicate that rejection of endometrial cells has begun in the uterus. This is the norm, but only if spotting leucorrhoea disappears within 2 days. If this does not happen, then you should consult a gynecologist.

Brown discharge can completely replace menstruation. This usually happens in the first month of pregnancy. In this case, the appearance of dark whites is explained by the implantation of the embryo into the endometrium of the uterus, which provokes harmless bleeding in the middle of the cycle.

Dark transudate can also be released after menstruation. The reason for this is the rapid clotting of blood. At the end of the cycle, the volume of bleeding decreases and they move more slowly. The blood in them has time to clot, which gives the secretions a specific shade.

Finally, dark leucorrhoea can provoke such a contraceptive as an intrauterine device. As a rule, after its removal, pathological signs disappear.

Pathological causes

When dark whites persist after menstruation for a long time, then they can be considered pathological. To establish their causes, you need to go to the gynecologist and undergo a full examination.

The brown hue of the discharge indicates the presence of impurities in coagulated blood. This may indicate both vaginal dysbacteriosis and more serious diseases and pathological conditions:

Brownish and sometimes almost black discharge in women can also be triggered by stress, lack of sleep, hormone deficiency, poor diet and bad habits.

By the way, a passion for strict diets can also cause smearing whites on a girl's underpants.

Establishing diagnosis

External signs and results of the anamnesis are not enough to make an accurate diagnosis. Before deciding on treatment, the doctor prescribes the following types of research to the patient:

If necessary, doctors of other specialties can be involved in the examination. In the future, they take part in the preparation of treatment tactics.

Medical tactics

All drugs for the treatment of brown discharge should be prescribed by a doctor. Self-medication is very dangerous. Moreover, the greatest danger is the uncontrolled use of hormonal drugs.

The treatment regimen is determined by the results of the studies.

If bacterial vaginosis is detected, a woman may be prescribed Clindamycin and Metronidazole.

If a spotting whites provoked by urogenital candidiasis, then the patient receives Fluconazole or Clotrimazole.

With trichomoniasis, a woman is prescribed drugs such as Tieidazole, Nimorazole, Ornidazole.

Detection of neoplasms in the uterus complicates the treatment somewhat. For their treatment, hysteroscopy or surgical treatment can be used. With endometriosis, doctors today often resort to laparoscopy.

For the treatment of fibroids at the initial stages, hormonal contraceptives are prescribed: Janine, Dufaston, Regulon.

Erythromycin, Roxithromycin, Acyclovir, Panavir are often used to treat various infections.

Medical and surgical treatment is always supplemented with the intake of immunomodulators and vitamin complexes.

The use of alternative methods of treatment is allowed, but before that you need to obtain permission from the treating specialist.

With the appearance of spotting whites, traditional medicine recommends use the following tools:

• Drink at least 100 ml of barberry juice daily.
• Chew locust flowers throughout the day, but do not swallow them.
• Eat fresh juniper berries at least 3 times a day.
• Douche the vagina with a decoction of immortelle flowers.
• Drink 3 cups of St. John's wort daily.

Many traditional healers recommend being treated with a decoction of the womb uterus. This is a fairly effective remedy, but it can only be used if the doctor has not prescribed hormonal drugs for the woman. In addition, the hog uterus should be discarded if the patient has low blood clotting.

Preventive measures

Every woman can, if not prevent, then reduce the risk of brownish discharge from the genitals. To do this, follow the following recommendations:

You should not think that you can get rid of spotting with the help of pads and tampons. They indicate the presence of a pathological process in the body. You must immediately make an appointment with a specialist. Only a doctor can identify and cure the disease.

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