Light yellow discharge in women causes. Is it possible to get rid of yellow discharge in women? Pathological processes that cause leucorrhoea

All women have discharge from the genitals. They do not bring any discomfort, have no smell, and are transparent, white or yellowish-white in appearance. If you notice yellow discharge in yourself, then this will not necessarily be the cause of any disease. We will try to help you figure it out.

Normal discharge is considered if:

• there is no smell;
• color white-yellow;
• a healthy woman usually releases 3-6 ml per day (but do not forget that the amount of fluid released is constantly changing during the month, this is all due to hormonal changes in the phases of the menstrual cycle);
• according to their consistency, they can be both liquid and thick;
• discharge is not accompanied by burning, itching.

But if you notice that the discharge is bright yellow, swelling of the external genital organs, which cause discomfort in the form of itching, burning, an unpleasant odor has appeared, then this is a reason to urgently contact a gynecologist.

Pathological yellow discharge

Discharge with an unpleasant odor, itching and burning

The causes of pathological discharge can be:

Adnexitis

Adnexitis is an inflammatory process that can be asymptomatic in the initial stage. In its course, adnexitis is unilateral and bilateral. The causes may be:

• general hypothermia of the body;
• STD infections;
• chronic diseases in the acute stage;
• abortion,

Features of discharge with adnexitis:

The discharge is mucopurulent. In the acute stage, the discharge is bright yellow and has an unpleasant odor.

Salpingitis

This is the same adnexitis. (see above)

Colpitis

Colpitis is an inflammatory process of the vaginal mucosa. Other names for this disease are vaginitis, vaginosis. There are several forms of colpitis: chronic, acute, subacute. The causes of the disease are:

• STD infections;
• improper intimate hygiene;
• chronic diseases;
• damage to the mucous membrane;
• obesity;
• diabetes;
• the use of antibiotics;
• stress.

Features of discharge during colpitis:

Allocations in this case are: yellow, liquid or foamy, may be mixed with pus. Such secretions cause itching and burning.

cervititis

Cervititis is an inflammation of the cervix. This disease mainly occurs in women who are sexually active. Many women may not be aware of this disease. Since its symptoms may be asymptomatic. The disease is transmitted mainly through sexual contact. For infection, staphylococci, mycoplasmas, etc. are enough, they are all transmitted through the blood, lymph.

Features of discharge with cervititis:

In this case, the discharge is mucous, cloudy, and may be mixed with pus.

Bacterial vaginitis

Bacterial vaginitis is a violation of the normal microflora of the vagina. It mainly occurs against the background of a decrease in immunity, inflammatory diseases, the use of an intrauterine device. The main reasons are considered:

• hormonal disbalance,
• taking antibiotics,
• frequent douching or washing,
• after childbirth,
• intestinal dysbiosis.

Features of discharge in bacterial vaginitis:

The discharge is profuse, with a pronounced specific odor. (smell of fish). There is itching, burning.

Cervical erosion

Cervical erosion is a violation of the integrity of the cervix. There are two types of erosion: true and false. Erosion is caused by:

• STD infections (if sexual relations began at an early age),
• genital trauma,
• violation of the menstrual cycle.

However, there are no symptoms of this disease. This disease is detected only when examined by a gynecologist on a gynecological chair using a gynecological mirror.

Features of discharge during uterine erosion:

They are far from being observed in all cases, since local pathological changes in its mucosa may not manifest themselves in any way. In various cases, there may be: red, pink or brown discharge, white discharge, yellow and green discharge.

STI

There may be diseases such as: trichomoniasis, chlamydia, etc.

Features of discharge with STIs:

Yellowish discharge with a sharp specific odor.

allergic reactions

Allergies can occur to tampons, pads, condoms, underwear, powder, and more.

Features of discharge during allergic reactions:

The discharge may be yellowish in color.

Yellow discharge, odorless

There are yellow discharges that have no smell and do not bring discomfort. They are similar in texture to mucus. Such discharges do not need to be treated. The reasons for these allocations are:

• before the arrival of menstruation;
• during pregnancy;
• after childbirth;
• hormonal changes (growing up, aging);
• the use of hormonal drugs;
• stress.

During pregnancy

During pregnancy, the hormonal background of a woman changes dramatically. That is why there are discharges that a woman usually did not observe.

Up to 12 weeks of gestation, yellow, thick discharge that is odorless may appear.

At the same time, the woman does not have any itching or burning.

In the second half of pregnancy, the discharge may increase slightly in volume. These discharges also cannot bring any discomfort to a woman.

But if a pregnant woman noticed that there was a sharp unpleasant odor, the color turned bright yellow, then this is an occasion to urgently contact an obstetrician-gynecologist.

During the onset of menopause, the hormonal background changes dramatically. Therefore, a woman's discharge may be different until the body is completely rebuilt.

If a woman observes yellow, odorless discharge that does not bother the woman in any way (no itching, burning, irritation), then this is considered the norm.

These discharges can be during the usual onset of menstruation or after it. There may also be yellow discharge in the middle of the cycle.

But if you see yellow-green discharge that has a sharp unpleasant odor (most often rotten fish), pain, burning, then this is an occasion to urgently contact a gynecologist. The causes of such secretions can be both infectious diseases and inflammatory processes.

yellow discharge after sex

What does yellow discharge after sex indicate? They can say a lot, so you need to pay attention to the exact shade, consistency, volume and, of course, the smell. Light shade: more of a natural lubricant that mixes with male and female secretions. Dark, yellowish, foul-smelling discharge may be a sign of an infection. Consistency: viscous and thick, foamy. The secret of yellow color may indicate inflammatory diseases of the genitourinary system.

When should you see a gynecologist?

The discharge is yellow, mild in nature, odorless, having a uniform consistency and in which urination is not increased, there is no itching, there is no burning sensation, discharge that may increase before the onset of menstruation does not require treatment.

But, if the discharge has become cheesy, with a pungent odor, and if you feel even slight discomfort in the intimate area, then this is a reason to urgently contact a gynecologist.

In order to understand the cause of these discharges and make the correct diagnosis, it is necessary to take a smear.

Diagnosis and treatment

You can diagnose the cause of pathological discharge at an appointment with a gynecologist who will examine you in an armchair and. Based on the results of the smear, the doctor will recognize the cause and prescribe the necessary treatment.

Treatment is divided into topical tablets and tablets of general action. Antifungal, anti-inflammatory, antibiotics are prescribed. All this depends on the disease. Assign usually: Flucostat, Mikomax, Irunin, Pimafutsin and others.

Basically, with fungal or bacterial diseases, Polygynax is prescribed.

With vaginosis or to restore the normal microflora of the vagina, Lactagel is prescribed.

Douching or baths are also prescribed in the complex.

Assign funds to support and restore immunity.

How to prevent a recurrence of the disease? The Importance of Rehabilitation

Any disease is easier to prevent than to cure. Measures to prevent yellow discharge:

• proper intimate hygiene;
• healthy lifestyle;
• protected sexual intercourse;
• when taking antibiotics, there must be a prevention of vaginal dysbacteriosis.

During treatment, you should completely refrain from sexual activity. Take all prescribed drugs by a doctor, carry out all procedures. Lead a healthy lifestyle and eat a balanced diet.

After treatment, it is necessary to pass a second analysis (smear). And then, for two weeks, take vitamins and drugs to support immunity.

Both partners need to be treated. If you have a permanent sexual partner, then he should contact an andrologist for an analysis.

All this will help you to avoid recurrence (repetition) of the disease.

Treatment at home: folk methods

Do not forget that home treatment or traditional medicine gives the effect of additional treatment to the main one prescribed by the doctor.

Proper nutrition

Initially, what is needed is to restore proper balanced nutrition. It is worth eliminating completely from the diet:

• sesame,
• seeds,
• fried,
• acute,
• salty,
• fatty
• conservation.

The diet should include as many fresh fruits, vegetables (carrots, parsley, celery and more), berries, juices as possible.

intimate hygiene

Proper intimate hygiene is the key to the health of the genitals. for this it is necessary to properly care for the external genital organs. It is necessary to wash at least twice a day using intimate means.

Baths with the use of pine needles or pine extract

To do this, you need to collect 3 liters of water and add 150 ml of pine or pine needle extract to it. Boil the resulting solution for 40 minutes, cool. This type of bath is used at bedtime once a day, for a week.

Douching is carried out using:

blueberry leaf
To prepare, you need 1 tbsp of leaves in a glass of water. Boil all this for 15 minutes, strain and douche before going to bed.

St. John's wort
Preparation: 3 tbsp. hypericum, 2 l. water. Boil for 30 minutes, strain and douche 2-3 times a day.

Eucalyptus
Preparation: 2 tablespoons of leaves per half liter of water. Cook for 15-20 minutes. Douche 2 times a day.

Oak bark
Preparation: 1 tbsp. herbs per 1 liter. water, cook for 20 minutes. Douche 2-3 times a day.

Decoctions

You can also use decoctions for oral administration. Here is one of the recipes.

Immortal sandstone flowers. Preparation: 1 tbsp. l. flowers per 200 ml of water, all boiled for 10-15 minutes. Then you need to insist for 30 minutes. Take 50 ml before meals - once a day.

How to properly evaluate women's highlights of yellow - as a reason to worry and see a doctor or as a variant of the norm? In fact, yellow vaginal discharge or any other discharge in women is individual and depends on the body and state of health.

Very often, white-yellow or light yellow discharge in women appears in a normal state of health. It is possible to consider this as a variant of the norm if there are no other unpleasant signs - pain in the lower abdomen, itching in the intimate area, burning during urination, etc.

But if strong secretions constantly appear - curdled, having an unpleasant odor and provoking the manifestation of discomfort, unpleasant sensations, both during sexual contact and after an unprotected act, in this case, you should definitely consult a doctor and find out the causes of such symptoms.

As a rule, abundant green-yellow or bright yellow discharge indicates that a woman is developing genital infection or inflammation in the uterus . Other diseases of the genitourinary system are also likely.

When is yellow discharge normal?

Quantity

If we talk about their quantity, then during the day they should not be more than one teaspoon. In some cases, before menstruation, yellow discharge becomes a little more abundant. However, normally, yellowish discharge in women before menstruation is not so strong as to cause severe discomfort. They can also increase slightly during intercourse and after it.

Color

Normally, they should not leave noticeable marks on the linen. The normal shade is light yellow or cream, barely noticeable.

Smell

In a healthy woman, discharge from the uterus should not be with an unpleasant odor. If the discharge smells like onions, fish, or has another unpleasant odor, the development of the disease can be suspected. The smell of onions indicates an infection, so you need to see a doctor right away.

Consistency

Normally, watery discharge should appear, not too thick and sticky. However, during the monthly cycle, their nature may change slightly, so the watery discharge before menstruation can change to thicker ones, and in the middle of the cycle, during ovulation, they become slimy and stretchy.

If a woman who carefully monitors her health monitors the changes that occur in her body, sometimes she may notice that odorless yellow discharge appears. If they are not too plentiful, have a uniform consistency, then yellowish, odorless and itchy discharge at different stages of the monthly cycle may be normal. The natural compartments that form in the vagina are protective mucus that prevents pathogenic viruses and bacteria from entering. Therefore, homogeneous transparent mucus, sometimes of a yellowish tint, is normal separation. They occur regularly, with no discomfort and itching. Their intensity, as a rule, depends on the phase of the monthly cycle, as well as on what diseases have recently been transferred. But if the yellow-green odorless discharge in women is different from the usual, in this case it is necessary to visit a doctor.

After menstruation, light brown, orange or yellow spotting is also sometimes noted. If yellow discharge after menstruation appears for several days, gradually becoming less intense, this is normal.

After the abortion

Such symptoms may also appear in the period after artificial interruption. In such a situation, special attention should be paid, since the appearance of an unpleasant odor and other alarming symptoms may be evidence of the development of an inflammatory process. Therefore, if there are serous, bright yellow discharge in women or other atypical manifestations, you should consult a doctor.

During pregnancy

During pregnancy thick yellow discharge from the vagina can stand out in the first trimester, when the hormonal background is rapidly changing in the body. At the same time, the color of the vagina, nipples changes, other bright signs of this process appear. They are not dangerous unless accompanied by other alarming symptoms.

In the second trimester, abundant transparent compartments are noted. A copious liquid discharge such as water is not dangerous until it acquires a bad odor and turns yellow. This may already be a sign of pathology. Their bright yellow color is a sign that inflammation is developing in the ovaries or fallopian tubes.

After childbirth

Whether yellow discharge after childbirth is normal depends on many factors. Every woman immediately after the birth of a baby for several weeks has a postpartum secret - lochia . The nature of lochia is constantly changing, gradually from red they turn brown, then yellow. If the uterus of a young mother does not contract too intensively, departments of this color can disturb even 1-2 months - this is how the uterus is cleaned. Basically, this is normal, but it is still worth going to the doctor for a preventive examination. The addition of other signs should be of concern - high body temperature, itching, severe discomfort or pain.

With menopause

Often, yellow discharge appears in women with. First of all, you need to be clearly aware that during menopause, any separation from the vagina that differs from normal - white-yellowish mucous membranes, may indicate a pathology. It is clear that with menopause, bloody, unpleasantly smelling or purulent discharge is not normal. In particular, blood can be a harbinger oncological diseases . However, if a woman is just undergoing hormone replacement treatment, then the blood-containing compartments are not plentiful - this is most likely normal. Yellowish cheesy - may be evidence fungal infection . Therefore, for any suspicious manifestations during menopause and after it, it is important to immediately contact a specialist.

First of all, it must be taken into account that each woman perceives the intensity, color and consistency of secretions in her own way, therefore it is difficult even for a specialist to judge any pathology only on the basis of a verbal description. To determine if any disease is developing, a woman first of all needs to take a smear. The doctor conducts a bacterial culture for pathogenic microbes.

However, it is definitely known that a healthy person should not have intense brown, red, pink, yellow and other discharge. Such manifestations should always be alarming, as they indicate the development of an infectious process.

In the event that yellow discharge with a smell in women appears after sexual intercourse, which was unprotected, there is a high probability that the cause of such manifestations is a sexual infection. If they are yellow-green with an unpleasant odor in women, it can be suspected that a latent sexual infection is developing, which can occur in a chronic form, causing such symptoms.

Asymptomatic forms can take, and others. With sexually transmitted infections, copious yellow discharge with a sour smell or other unpleasant odor may appear. This is most often observed in gonorrhea and trichomoniasis. It also causes itching and discomfort when urinating.

However, if there is no sexual intercourse, yellowish discharge in women with or without an odor is possible due to other reasons. These are the following factors:

• severe or prolonged stress;
• decline;
• hormonal imbalance;
• treatment .

Also, this is possible if hygiene rules are not followed. Curdled discharge may appear at,. If it develops gardnerellosis , there is also an unpleasant fishy smell.

Therefore, why such symptoms appeared should be found out from a specialist who will dispel or confirm suspicions. It is especially important to consult a doctor after questionable sexual contact. The doctor will conduct an examination, as well as conduct all the necessary tests and examinations to determine if hidden infections are developing in the body.

It is important for each patient to understand that until the real cause of unpleasant manifestations is finally determined, no measures can be taken and no treatment can be carried out. After all, the use of any medication can blur the true picture of what is happening, thereby preventing the establishment of the correct diagnosis by a specialist.

The latter applies not only to medical treatment, but also to the conduct douching . Those who practice douching to cleanse unpleasant manifestations should initially visit a doctor and consult with him about this. After all, the use of douching in various diseases, for example, in candidiasis, can adversely affect the vaginal microflora, thereby only aggravating the symptoms of thrush or provoking the development of bacterial vaginosis. After douching with potassium permanganate, soda or other improvised means, the infection can spread even more actively, which is a factor contributing to the development inflammatory processes of the uterine appendages , as well as , . Therefore, douching can only harm health.

If green or yellowish-green discharge appears, this in any case indicates the development of pathology. They can appear both before menstruation and throughout the cycle. Most likely, light green discharge from the vagina with or without a smell indicates the development of an infection that provokes an inflammatory process in the body. As noted above, this is possible with candidiasis, bacterial vaginosis, as well as diseases that are sexually transmitted. However, greenish discharge in women, odorless or unpleasantly smelling, is also possible with diseases of the female reproductive system - in particular, inflammation of the uterus, its appendages, and cervix.

Therefore, the treatment of green discharge in women with no smell or bad smell can only be started after establishing a true diagnosis. Abundant, yellow-green separation is possible with the following diseases:

• oophoritis (inflammatory process of the ovaries);
• adnexitis (inflammatory process of the uterine appendages);
• salpingitis (inflammation of the fallopian tubes).

If more meager, yellowish or greenish departments appear, then we can talk about chronic forms of these ailments. They can also be caused by bacterial vaginosis, cervical erosion.

If we are talking about an acute inflammatory process, in which purulent discharge appears in women, then the patient is hospitalized. Hospitalization is mandatory if the patient also has a high body temperature, back pain, severe pain in the lower abdomen.

If the causes of purulent discharge in women are associated with the chronic course of diseases, then during an exacerbation therapy is also carried out in a hospital.

However, no matter how a woman feels, if a jelly-like, yellow-brown, green, or copious watery discharge appears in women, this is a clear signal that you need to urgently visit a gynecologist and determine why copious vaginal discharge appears.

This is necessary, since any inflammation that is not treated in a timely manner becomes chronic. With this development of events, relapses may occur, which in the end is likely to lead to the development, termination of pregnancy, premature birth, and other pathologies. During the menopausal period, the risk of developing oncological diseases of the female reproductive system increases.

Therefore, for the purpose of prevention, it is important to visit a gynecologist at least once a year. It is especially important to do this for those who periodically notice white-pink separation from the uterus, as well as bloody, brown discharge in the middle of the menstrual cycle.

The development of female sexual secretion occurs throughout the reproductive period. The rate of discharge in women directly depends on the menstrual cycle and varies depending on its phase. Unusual discharge is the first sign of gynecological diseases. It is important to suspect something is wrong in time and consult a doctor.

The vagina should not be sterile. It is the bacteria inhabiting it that create local immunity and affect the reproductive function of a woman. Normally, the vagina can contain not only beneficial lactobacilli, but also conditionally pathogenic ones. The balance between them is the key to health.

Mechanism of secretion

The mucous membrane of the vagina is very sensitive and vulnerable, so it needs constant hydration and protection. It is for this purpose that special glands are located near the cervix and on the eve of the vagina, which regularly produce mucus under the influence of estrogens. The basis of female secretions is this secret, along with dead cells of the mucous membrane of the cervix and vagina, as well as local microflora. Normally, this biocenosis should not penetrate the cervical canal, uterine cavity and fallopian tubes. It contains:

• basis of microflora- lactic acid bacteria, which include lactobacilli, they are also Doderlein sticks;
• a small amount of- enterobacteria, streptococci, bacteroids, fungi of the genus Candida, gardnerella.

Normally, lactobacilli inhibit the growth of opportunistic microorganisms due to the acidic environment, which is ideal for their growth, but not for other microbes. With a decrease in the number of lactobacilli for various reasons, conditional pathogens begin to actively multiply and provoke an inflammatory process. This is possible in the following situations:

• non-observance of hygiene rules;
• weakened immunity;
• genital infections;
• medication.

The main task of female secretions is to protect the genital organs from infections, as well as moisturizing their mucous membrane. The development of a secret in girls begins six months to a year before menarche (first menstruation). Allocations accompany a woman throughout her reproductive age, periodically changing their character along with the phases of the menstrual cycle. Also, their quality depends on the state of the hormonal background and internal reproductive organs, sexual activity.

The rate of discharge in women

Normally, the discharge in women is a mucous, colorless secret, slightly sticky, of a homogeneous consistency. Its shade can change to cream, yellow, white, this is especially noticeable when drying on linen. From pathological normal discharge differ in the absence of vaginal itching, burning, pain when urinating. Also, a characteristic of the norm is a neutral or sour smell, due to the acidic environment of the discharge.

By the color and consistency of the sexual secretion, you can set the phase of the menstrual cycle and the most favorable days for conception.

First half cycle

The beginning of menstruation is considered the start of the menstrual period. It is characterized by spotting along with sloughing endometrium. The duration of menstruation depends on the individual characteristics of the female body and averages three to five days. The first few days of discharge can be quite plentiful, with dark clots, and in the last days of menstruation they become moderate and end with brown spotting.

With the beginning of the cycle, the pituitary gland synthesizes follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH), under the influence of which the follicle grows in the ovaries and the egg matures. An increase in FSH levels leads to an increase in estrogen in the blood, and they stimulate the sex glands to produce a secret. Therefore, the formation of mucus after the end of critical days is moderate, gradually increasing.

Immediately after the end of the spotting spotting, the leucorrhoea is almost invisible and transparent, it can be with a whitish tint. As you approach the middle of the cycle, they become more abundant and mucus-like.

mid cycle

As the follicle and egg mature, estrogen levels increase. This hormone is responsible for saturating the endometrium with blood and nutrients, as well as the formation of liquid cervical mucus, which is most favorable for spermatozoa. Under the influence of estrogens, the mucus becomes thicker and stickier towards the middle of the cycle, acquires a light white or cream shade.

The nature of the discharge may also change due to the use of hormonal contraceptives, which artificially delay ovulation.

In the middle of the cycle, the level of estrogen reaches its maximum concentration, resulting in a surge of luteinizing hormone (LH). For this reason, the follicle bursts, and the mature egg is sent to the fallopian tube. This is ovulation. It falls on the 13-15th day after the onset of menstruation, and it can be recognized by the discharge: they become plentiful, thick and sticky, transparent (like “snot” or raw egg white), can be white or beige.

It is not uncommon for ovulation discharge to be pink, brown, or streaked with blood. This is a consequence of fluctuations in hormones in the middle of the cycle. At the same time, pulling pains in the lower abdomen may appear and the basal temperature increases. Such symptoms are permissible only during the ovulatory period. These days are considered the most successful for conception.

Second half of the cycle

In place of the bursting follicle, a corpus luteum forms, which produces progesterone. It regulates the second phase of the cycle. Progesterone prepares the endometrium for the implantation of a fertilized egg. Under its influence, the discharge becomes even more sticky, has a jelly-like, dense texture, white or creamy hue.

Before menstruation

The end of the cycle is characterized by a hormonal decline, when the concentration of estrogen and progesterone in the blood is low. White discharge appears in women, odorless and without itching, they are more scarce and liquid. A day or two before the onset of menstruation, there may be a brown daub. If it is not accompanied by pain and discomfort, this is an acceptable phenomenon due to the onset of endometrial detachment.

After intercourse

During sex, excitement occurs, local blood circulation increases, which naturally stimulates the secretory glands in the vagina to produce mucus. Especially a lot of such secretions during ovulation. It serves as a lubricant that prevents mechanical damage and infection. Therefore, after sex, the amount of discharge increases.

During sexual intercourse, which ended with ejaculation inside the vagina, abundant white or creamy discharge is observed. They are short-term, should not have an unpleasant odor and cause discomfort. Otherwise, you should consult a doctor to exclude genital infections.

Childbearing period

In the perinatal period, secretion should be neutral. In the first, second and beginning of the third trimester, white or creamy, slightly yellowish, odorless discharge is acceptable, the abundance of which changes periodically, due to the action of the pregnancy hormone, progesterone.

On the eve of childbirth, estrogen predominates in a woman's body, so leucorrhoea can become profuse and mucous. This nature of the discharge up to 37 weeks indicates the threat of termination of pregnancy.

Watery, bloody, purulent discharge should be alarming and require an urgent visit to the doctor.

Menopause

With the onset of menopause, all women note a decrease in the amount of discharge from the genital tract. This is due to estrogen deficiency. The number of lactobacilli decreases, the vaginal mucosa becomes thinner, loses its “natural” protection. Women with menopause note constant dryness and associated burning, itching in the vagina. The mucosa is easily injured, against this background, atrophic colpitis occurs - with purulent, non-abundant secretions. Their treatment will be effective only when estrogen-based drugs are included in the regimen in the form of suppositories, ointments or tablets for oral administration.

Pathological leucorrhoea: signs ...

As a rule, a woman knows the characteristics of her discharge in the norm. If any deviations appear, you should consult a gynecologist. The following signs are distinguished, indicating the pathological origin of the discharge.

• Color. A pronounced white, yellow, green, brown shade of whiter, together with other symptoms, indicate genital infections.
• Consistency. Foamy, curdled, with impurities and lumps of discharge indicate the presence of an infectious-inflammatory process.
• Smell. One of the main signs of a sexually transmitted infection is an unpleasant odor. Pathological secretions can smell like onions, rotten fish, meat, rot, cottage cheese, sour milk, iron, and have ammonia.
• Discomfort . Inflammatory and infectious processes in the vagina are most often accompanied by itching, burning, pain, pain in the lower abdomen.
• Pus. Such secretions characterize acute inflammation, which may be accompanied by pain, weakness, fever.
• Blood . The presence of its traces in the intermenstrual period indicates gynecological pathology.

… and reasons

The appearance of pathological secretions is characteristic of the following diseases.

• Candidiasis. A fungal disease in which white curdled discharge appears with the smell of sour milk or cottage cheese. The condition is accompanied by uncomfortable sensations in the vagina and external genitalia - pain, pain, burning, itching.
• Bacterial vaginosis. Dysbacteriosis of the vagina is characterized by abundant yellow, gray, greenish discharge of heterogeneous consistency. They emit an onion or fishy odor and may intensify after sex. With a prolonged illness, the mucus becomes thick and sticky.
• Colpitis is nonspecific. It has another name - vaginitis. This is inflammation of the vaginal mucosa due to the activation of opportunistic flora. The discharge is similar in nature to bacterial vaginosis, but is accompanied by local burning and itching.
• Trichomoniasis. It is distinguished by frothy discharge with a yellow or green tint, discomfort in the vagina and pain when urinating.
• Chlamydia. This infection makes itself felt creamy thick purulent mucus, most often yellow in color with a rotten smell. Accompanied by pain, burning and itching. In some cases, chlamydia may be subclinical without obvious signs.
• Gonorrhea. There are abundant yellow discharge in women with a smell. External genitalia itch, redden due to irritation.
• Endometriosis. It is characterized by the constant appearance of brown spotting discharge. Sometimes with an unpleasant odor before or after menstruation. The duration depends on the severity of endometriosis - from one or two days to a week or more.
• Endometritis. It is characterized by brown spotting or non-functional bleeding in any phase of the menstrual cycle. Discharge with an unpleasant odor.
• Oophoritis. Inflammation of the ovaries is often combined with genital infections, so the discharge can be purulent, with an unpleasant odor, and abundant. There is an increase in body temperature and pain in the lower abdomen.

Diagnostics

Most gynecological diseases are accompanied by pathological discharge. It is possible to correctly establish the causes of discharge in women only on the basis of a qualitative examination. It includes the following activities.

• Conversation between a gynecologist and a woman. Information is collected about the symptoms, the time of their onset, and what they are associated with.
• Examination on a gynecological chair. The external structure and condition of the genital mucosa are studied. Then the vaginal mucosa is examined using special mirrors. A bimanual examination is carried out - palpation through the arches of the vagina of the body of the uterus, the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe appendages. Such a comprehensive examination allows you to recognize signs of inflammation, tumors, atrophic changes in the vagina.
• Swab collection. It is performed during an examination to assess the cleanliness of the vagina, identify signs of inflammation, and also for cytological examination.
• PCR for infections. In doubtful cases or for control, a PCR study for genital infections, as well as the general microbial landscape of the vagina, is recommended. So you can determine the quantitative and qualitative composition of the microflora in a particular woman.

Vaginal discharge is divided into physiological, normal for a certain age and stage of the menstrual cycle, and pathological associated with diseases of the genital organs. It is impossible to make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe a course of treatment for a single symptom, but the appearance of a discharge that is different from the norm gives a reason to contact a gynecologist and undergo an examination.

Normal the discharge consists of a mixture of mucus, dead epithelium and microbial cells, the secret of the Bartholin glands located on the threshold of the vagina. They contain glycogen - a nutrient for beneficial microflora, and lactic acid - a waste product of lactobacilli. The content of glycogen is maximum on the day of ovulation. Normally, there are transparent discharges or whitish, the consistency is mucous, with small lumps or homogeneous, without an unpleasant odor, up to 4-5 ml per day in volume.

Beli

Abundant vaginal discharge or scanty, but atypical in nature or smell, is called leucorrhoea. Whites create a constant feeling of moisture, burning and itching in the perineum. The reasons copious discharge - inflammatory processes ( , ); infectious diseases of the urogenital organs, non-specific or STDs; tumors or injuries of the internal genitalia; allergic reactions to latex, spermicidal lubricants, underwear and hygiene products for intimate areas.

By origin, there are vaginal discharges, uterine and tubal (watery, large in volume) and cervical (thick, scanty).

White with pus - a symptom of inflammation,bloody are often associated with tumor development; curdled or resembling white flakes are characteristic of thrush; orange and greenish with a putrid odor - for gardnerellosis (bacterial vaginosis);foaming appear with trichomoniasis.

Beli can appear after long courses of contraceptives, after douching with antiseptics; with constipation and a static lifestyle, leading to stagnation of venous blood in the small pelvis. The omission of the walls of the vagina, microtrauma of the genitals after sexual intercourse, ruptures of the perineum also cause the formation of leucorrhoea.

Mucous discharge is normal

The first mucous secretions are observed in newborn girls, the appearance of a secret is associated with residual amounts of maternal hormones. After 3-4 weeks, the discharge disappears and reappears by the age of 8-11 years, when the production of one's own estrogen increases. Mucus is secreted periodically, similar to raw egg white or rice water, sour in smell, color - white with a yellowish tint.

Further, during puberty, cyclic vaginal discharge appears. The beginning of the cycle is the first day of menstruation; in the 1st half of the cycle and until its middle, coinciding with ovulation, there is less discharge. They are mucous or watery, homogeneous, possibly with small lumps. In the middle of the cycle - mucous and abundant, viscous in consistency, possibly beige or brownish.

After ovulation jelly-like discharge, similar to jelly. They increase the content of lactic acid, which is produced by lactobacilli, and the discharge acquires a sour smell. Increased acidity protects the vaginal mucosa, which is looser and more vulnerable to infection during this time period. Before menstruation, the volume of mucous secretions increases again.

Discharge during pregnancy liquid and copious, whitish or transparent. Before childbirth, the cervix dilates, and the cervical plug comes out in the form of a rather large clot of mucus, possibly with an admixture of scarlet blood. Usually the release of the cork coincides with the first contractions. If there is more vaginal secretion than usual, then you should go to the gynecologist: perhaps amniotic fluid is “leaking”.

The presence of liquid blood or blood clots in the discharge suggests an ectopic pregnancy, a threat of interruption gestation, atypical position (previa) or placental abruption. All options are dangerous, at any moment they can be complicated by bleeding and end in death. A pregnant woman who has noted the appearance of scarlet blood from the vagina should immediately lie down, then immediately call an ambulance.

White discharge

During puberty, vaginal discharge may be due to inflammation. intestines, bladder, uterus or ovaries. These episodes include pain associated with urination, intestinal colic or pulling sensations in the lower abdomen and in the lumbar region. Perhaps the temperature will rise, a blood test will show signs of inflammation (leukocytosis, an increase in ESR): then inflammation treatment will be needed.

10-12 months before the onset of the first menstruation, the vaginal mucosa reacts to hormonal changes and liquid, transparent discharges or white, the color of highly diluted milk, odorless or sour are formed. No measures need to be taken if there are no complaints of burning or itching in the perineum, and the discharge does not take on a curdled appearance.

After the onset of sexual activity, the consistency and composition of the secretions change, the reason is the addition of the partner's microflora, which is different in composition from the vaginal flora. It takes time to adapt, in each case is different, and the situation will return to normal again. During the adaptation period, the volume of secretion increases, the discharge becomes more liquid, with a pale yellowish or whitish tint. A change in sexual partner is almost always associated with a variation in the nature of vaginal discharge.

After unprotected intercourse, the discharge normally first takes the form of yellowish or white clots, and after 5-8 hours the secret turns into a liquid and plentiful. After protected intercourse, a white and thick discharge appears, resembling a lubricant.

Taking contraceptives or breastfeeding reduce normal secretion: vaginal discharge is scanty and thick, white or yellowish.

gives white curdled discharge, copious, sour in smell. Sometimes the discharge resembles yellowish curd lumps or white flakes. The disease is accompanied by itching and swelling of the genitals, irritation of the skin of the perineum. The development of candidiasis is a sign of a decrease in immunity.

cheesy white plaque in the vagina with thrush

Thrush is often associated with STDs(, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis) and, manifests itself in metabolic diseases (diabetes mellitus) and tumors. Candidiasis definitely requires treatment.

Video: vaginal discharge - norm and pathology

Yellow and green discharge

"Colored" discharge from the vagina occurs with STDs, bacterial vaginosis (gardnerellosis), with nonspecific genital inflammation.

With STDs, leucorrhoea is always pain and burning associated with urination.

: visible on examination of the vagina yellow discharge, emerging from the cervical canal and flowing down the walls of the vagina. Belyam is accompanied by pain in the lower back and lower abdomen, an increase in Bartholin's glands. The diagnosis is confirmed by PCR analysis.

: leucorrhoea plentiful, frothy, greenish or yellowish with a strong putrid odor. May drain onto the perineum, inner thighs and cause skin irritation.

: moderate in volume, the color is yellowish white. May be accompanied by bleeding without matching the cycle, pain of the "lowered belt" type - lower back, lower abdomen, inner thighs. With gonorrhea, a putrid smell of leucorrhoea is often found; a change in their color from grayish-white to yellow indicates the transition of the acute stage of the disease to the chronic one.

: leucorrhoea plentiful, grayish-white, with the smell of rotting fish. Sticky, yellow-green and even orange discharge is typical of an untreated, long-term disease. Itching is not strong, occurs periodically. All symptoms are exacerbated immediately after intercourse.

Nonspecific vaginitis(colpitis): with this disease, leucorrhoea is the main symptom. The type of vaginal discharge varies, depending on the severity of the process. With inflammation of the vagina, the secret becomes sour by reaction, by consistency - viscous and stretching or plentiful and liquid, loses its transparency. A hazy white tint is given by leukocytes,yellowish-green color due to the presence of pus,yellowish-pink - blood. In the initial stages of inflammation, serous leucorrhoea is liquid, watery; then they transform into purulent - thick, green, with a strong putrefactive odor.

and adnexitis: inflammation of the fallopian tubes and ovaries. May appear as specific complications caused by ascending venereal infection in STDs, or "normal" inflammation of the internal genitalia. The discharge is always accompanied by pain in the abdomen; in the acute period - periodic, cramping and strong, in the chronic stage - of medium and low intensity, constant, dull, pulling.

Let's summarize. Causes of yellow and green whites:

• foamy discharge - a characteristic sign of STDs;
• abundant discharge is typical for the acute stage of colpitis, adnexitis and salpingitis;
• scanty leucorrhoea - for chronic adnexitis and salpingitis.

Brown and pink discharge

Associated with the presence of blood in vaginal secretions; may appear for physiological or pathological reasons.

Physiological reasons:

1. small brown, pink or scarlet discharge in the middle of the cycle: the laundry does not get dirty, the color is noticeable only on sanitary napkins or toilet paper. Secretion signals that ovulation has taken place, which helps plan pregnancy.
2. pinkish and brownish discharge- the norm for the end of menstruation, when there was a complete rejection of the endometrium and the proliferation phase begins (growth of a new endometrium).
3. Bloody issues during the period of taking hormonal drugs. If they last more than three cycles, then it is worth changing the contraceptive and being examined by a gynecologist.
4. Secretion of cervical mucus with bright blood- in pregnant women before childbirth.

Pathological causes

Pathological causes can be: sexually transmitted diseases (gonorrhea), endometritis, uterine tumors, endometrial hyperplasia, polyposis, cervical erosion, endometriosis.

For gonorrhea the infection rises from the vagina upwards, affecting the uterus, fallopian tubes and ovaries. Appearance blood in streaksamong mucopurulent secretions and intermenstrual bleeding are signs of an ascending gonococcal infection. A confirmed diagnosis is made after, which must be positive for gonorrhea, or after the detection of gonococci in it.

- inflammation of the functional uterine layer, which is updated after each menstrual cycle. brown whites, associated with endometritis, appear before and after menstruation, it is also possible to produce brownish mucus in the middle of the cycle. Almost always, inflammation of the endometrium is combined with its hyperplasia (growth) and menstrual bleeding, often the cycle is shortened. Profuse bleeding leads to anemia, the hemoglobin content drops to 50-70 g / l (the norm for women is 120-140 g / l). A woman feels constant fatigue, shortness of breath and dizziness appear even with little physical effort.

Endometrial hyperplasia is considered a precancerous condition.

To return the endometrium to normal, you must first cure the inflammation. The course of antibiotics lasts at least 3 months, the drugs are prescribed for 3 menstrual cycles.

Endometriosis is an overgrowth of glandular tissue (endometrium) in the neck and muscular layer of the uterus (myometrium), fallopian tubes, ovaries, in the abdominal organs. Endometrial cells get into atypical places during abortions, during instrumental examinations of the uterus, during childbirth and during the return of menstrual masses. endometriosis spreads i, leads to numerous local inflammations and the formation adhesions; common complication - infertility.

Drawing pains during menstruation are typical, bloody discharge from all foci of growths of the endometrium. At colposcopy small multiple nodules or cysts, cyanotic or red stripes are visible on the cervix. Bloody-brown leucorrhoea becomes lighter after menstruation, their volume decreases during this period and increases again before the next menstruation. Abdominal endometriosis is a common cause of internal bleeding and subsequent surgery (laparotomy).

Cervical erosion: violation of the integrity of the mucosa, when viewed to determine the boundaries of erosion, acetic acid, 3-5% solution is used. After smearing the surface with acid, erosion is visible as a whitish spot on a pink background. When erosion occurs, small spotting appears, their number increases after intercourse.

Bleeding in cancer patients

endometrial hyperplasia accompanied by smearing brown or bloody discharge before and after menstruation. Acyclic uterine bleeding is possible: they are long, up to several weeks and even months, leading to anemia. The disease develops due to hormonal imbalance, with problems with lipid and carbohydrate metabolism (obesity, diabetes mellitus), hypertension, after gynecological operations, with hereditary predisposition, as a result of STDs - after inflammation of the uterus, with endometritis.

For treatment, combined estrogen / progestogen preparations are used, with severe bleeding - curettage of the endometrium. Be sure to do a biopsy, assess the degree of cellular atypia and growth of glandular tissue. If cancer is suspected, the examination is repeated.

Polyps in the uterus- these are elongated growths of the endometrium, symptoms of polyposis often become brown discharge and postmenstrual bleeding. Discomfort during sexual contact is possible, immediately after its completion - spotting brownish discharge. The reasons for the formation of polyps are an imbalance of estrogens and progestogens, inflammation of the endometrium and cervical canal. Small polyps are discovered by chance; large (more than 2 cm) are manifested by pain in the form of contractions, increased menstrual blood loss. The main complication is infertility; the transition of polyposis to a malignant tumor has not been proven.

Tumors in the uterus in the later stages they are manifested by bleeding, in the early period - by spotting vaginal brown discharge. Tumors of the uterus are divided into benign(polyps, fibromyomas and myomas) and malignant(endometrial cancer and myosarcoma, cervical cancer). Leucorrhoea with pus and scarlet blood, possibly offensive, is characteristic of the decay of the tumor; with cervical cancer appear thick discharge, scanty, streaked with blood. Submucosal fibromatous nodes always give severe bleeding, that is, they clinically proceed malignantly. Cervical cancer quickly metastasizes, spreading to the pelvic lymph nodes, the liver and lungs, and can move to the walls of the vagina.

Video: discharge from women, expert opinion

In women without health problems, vaginal discharge are a transudate, that is, a liquid sweating from the lymphatic and blood vessels under the epithelial tissue. The transudate mixes with the mucous secretion, which is produced by the glands of the body and cervix, as well as glandular cells located in the space between the labia minora. In addition, the vaginal discharge contains regularly renewed epithelial cells, bacterial, mainly lactic microflora and a small amount of leukocytes.

The general condition of the female body, the cyclic hormonal activity of the ovaries, psychological factors - all this is reflected in the volume and qualitative composition of the vaginal secretion. Normally, vaginal discharge should be clear or whitish. That is why they are also called whites. But sometimes it happens that they acquire uncharacteristic yellow color. Such yellowish discharge is not always accompanied by smell and itching. Because of what this can happen and what pathologies does such a symptom indicate?

Yellow discharge in women: in what cases should you not sound the alarm?

To understand whether yellow discharge is a deviation from the norm, you should pay attention to the following characteristics of the vaginal discharge:

Causes of odorless yellow discharge

If a woman pays due attention to her health, notices the slightest change occurring in her body, sometimes she may encounter such a phenomenon as odorless yellow discharge and itching. When they are not so abundant, and the consistency is homogeneous, then yellow, odorless and itchy discharge throughout the menstrual cycle can be a natural phenomenon. The vaginal fluid, which is a protective mucus, prevents pathogenic viruses and microbes from getting inside.

Thus, homogeneous transparent mucus, sometimes having a yellowish color, is not considered to be a pathology. The secretion of vaginal fluid occurs on a regular basis, while the woman does not experience discomfort: itching, burning. The intensity of the discharge is determined by the phase of the monthly cycle, as well as by what diseases the woman has recently suffered. But if the yellowish discharge became more abundant than before, and their color has acquired a pronounced color in this case, you should immediately consult a doctor.

After menstruation, spotting often appears without itching and odor. They can be light brown, orange or yellow. If a similar picture is observed within a few days after menstruation, gradually becoming less pronounced, this should not cause concern.

According to doctors, odorless yellow discharge and itching most often occur under the influence of the following factors:

During pregnancy

After fertilization, the female body begins to be in a state of powerful hormonal changes, the usual biological processes are disrupted, and abundant yellow discharge may also appear. In the first trimester of pregnancy mucus plug is formed protecting the fetus from negative external influences. Simultaneously with the secretions, excess cork is disposed of, they have a pale yellow tint.

In the future, in the late stages of pregnancy, the fetus begins to grow actively, which affects many physiological processes in the woman's body, and the immune function decreases. Against this background, sensitivity to all kinds of allergens increases: panty liners, personal hygiene products. The reason is an allergic reaction to the material from which they are made. Similarly, the body sometimes reacts to synthetic underwear. second half of pregnancy often complicated by inflammatory processes in ovaries, fallopian tubes, which leads to the formation of bright yellow discharge. Immediately before childbirth, the mucous plug begins to depart, and the separation of yellow contents is also noted.

After childbirth

Gynecologists almost unanimously claim that the appearance of yellow discharge in a woman after the birth of a child is habitual. A new mother should not be afraid of postpartum discharge - lochia. This substance, which contains blood mass, the remains of the placenta and mucus from the cervical canal, is released for several weeks after the baby is born. At first, the lochia are red, then they become brownish or yellow.

Due to the physiological characteristics of some young mothers, the uterus is incapable of intense contractions, therefore, through its lochia cleansing lasts up to two months. Of course, for the sake of your own peace of mind, it is better to attend preventive examinations, but basically symptoms such as high fever, itching, severe pain and discomfort should be alarming.

After the abortion

A woman who has undergone an induced abortion may experience a brownish-yellow discharge from the vagina for two weeks. This is due to the fact that the affected internal genital organs bleed a little. Slightly oozing blood, reaching the external genitalia, coagulates. At the same time, yellow clots after an abortion may indicate the presence of polypous formations in the uterine cavity. Polyps of benign etiology are not dangerous, but nevertheless often cause pain in the groin, especially after sexual contact.

The discharge that appears may indicate a developing inflammatory process infectious origin, which was provoked by gram-positive bacteria: staphylococci, streptococci, etc. The culprit of this condition is undermined immunity and activation of pathogenic microflora.

Hormonal changes associated with aging

Often, the appearance of yellow discharge marks the beginning of an inevitable stage in the life of every woman - menopause. It is important to know that during menopause, any vaginal discharge that differs from natural - mucous whites, can be a wake-up call. I must say that during the period of extinction of sexual function, bloody discharges with a pungent odor or impurities of pus may indicate a pathology. So, the presence of blood can be a symptom of oncology. However, if a woman is prescribed hormone replacement therapy, then small traces of blood in the transudate, by and large, are not so terrible. Yellow discharge of a curdled consistency may indicate thrush.

The discharge may turn yellow if the woman has started using new intimate hygiene products, pads, tampons, condoms; actively uses contraceptives containing hormones; is in a state of mental overstrain or is regularly stressed.

Symptoms of what diseases are yellow discharge in women?

Mucous, stretching yellow discharge in most cases is the first sign of a disease of the genitourinary system of a woman.

The list of diseases that have a similar symptom:

In no case should one ignore symptoms such as yellow discharge, itching and pain in the lower abdomen - these are the main signs of most sexually transmitted diseases.

Prevention

With the periodic appearance of yellow discharge, not accompanied by acute symptoms, there is no need to visit the clinic. However, doctors recommend following a number of preventive measures:

To strengthen local immunity, it is useful to rinse the external genitalia with cool water.

You can also make warm baths, where coniferous extract is added. To prepare it, you need 200 g of dry pine needles. For an hour, it is boiled in a saucepan over low heat. Before pouring into the bath, the extract is filtered with gauze.

To avoid heavy and thick yellow discharge, it is important to take care of proper nutrition. It needs to be corrected:

• Eliminate fatty and salty foods, canned foods and semi-finished products from the diet.
• They stock up on blueberries, strawberries, viburnum, barberries.
• Freshly squeezed juices are prepared: carrot, spinach, parsley, celery.
• Add citrus slices to drinking water.

The slightest pain, itching and burning in the perineum is a reason to seek the help of a gynecologist. Do not self-medicate. Harmless yellow stains on underwear can sometimes be dangerous. Without timely treatment, inflammation imperceptibly flows into chronic form. Pathologies of the genitourinary system lead to infertility, miscarriages, cause premature birth and ectopic pregnancy.