Magnesium sulfate injections. Magnesium sulfate - a laxative for quick bowel cleansing

Pharmacotherapeutic group

Pharmacological properties

Indications for use Magnesia

Contraindications

Usage Precautions

If necessary, use during lactation, breastfeeding should be discontinued.

Take with caution or enter parenterally with heart block, myocardial damage, chronic renal failure, respiratory diseases, acute inflammatory diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, pregnancy.

Magnesia can be used to relieve status epilepticus (as part of complex treatment).

In case of overdose, it causes CNS depression. As an antidote for an overdose of magnesium sulfate, calcium preparations are used - calcium chloride or calcium gluconate.

Interaction with drugs

With simultaneous ingestion of antibiotics from the tetracycline group, the effect of tetracyclines may decrease due to a decrease in their absorption from the gastrointestinal tract.

A case of respiratory arrest during the use of gentamicin in an infant with an increased concentration of magnesium in the blood plasma during magnesium sulfate therapy is described.

With simultaneous use with nifedipine, severe muscle weakness is possible.

Reduces the effectiveness of oral anticoagulants (including coumarin derivatives or indandione derivatives), cardiac glycosides, phenothiazines (especially chlorpromazine). Reduces the absorption of ciprofloxacin, etidronic acid, weakens the effect of streptomycin and tobramycin.

As an antidote for an overdose of Magnesia, calcium preparations are used - calcium chloride or calcium gluconate.

Pharmaceutically incompatible (precipitates) with Ca preparations, ethanol (alcohol) (in high concentrations), alkali metal carbonates, bicarbonates and phosphates, salts of arsenic acid, barium, strontium, clindamycin phosphate, sodium hydrocortisone succinate, polymyxin B sulfate, procaine hydrochloride, salicylates and tartrates.

Method of application and dosage Magnesia

In case of hypertensive crises, it is administered intramuscularly or intravenously slowly, 5-20 ml of a 25% solution. In convulsive syndrome, spastic conditions, the drug is prescribed intramuscularly at 5-20 ml of a 25% solution in combination with anxiolytic agents that have a pronounced central muscle relaxant effect.

In case of acute poisoning with mercury, arsenic, tetraethyl lead, 5-10 ml of a 5-10% solution of magnesium sulfate is injected intravenously.

Side effects

Overdose

Treatment: as an antidote, intravenous (slowly) calcium preparations (calcium chloride or calcium gluconate - 5-10 ml 10%), oxygen therapy, inhalation of carbogen, mechanical ventilation, peritoneal dialysis or hemodialysis, symptomatic agents (corrective functions of the central nervous system and cardiovascular vascular system).

Ingestion symptoms: severe diarrhoea.

Treatment: symptomatic.

The popularly known concept of "magnesia" is an injection of magnesium sulfate, which can be injected intramuscularly or intravenously to reduce pressure.

It is a diuretic, sedative, vasodilator and anticonvulsant drug that quickly relieves spasms and relieves pain.

It is considered an excellent antiarrhythmic agent for hypertensive crisis, so the drug has numerous positive reviews.

Instructions for using the medicine

In general, magnesia injections with high blood pressure or hypertensive crisis have a beneficial effect on the body. The use of the drug intravenously or intramuscularly contributes to:

• Removal of spasms of smooth muscles;
• Removal of urine and feces;
• Expansion of blood vessels;
• Relieve nervous tension;
• Normalization of the work of the heart;
• Removal from the body of harmful substances in the form of toxins or poisons;
• Stimulation of bile production.

An injection of magnesia can be administered with a lack of magnesium in the body, as well as in the presence of:

1. swelling of the brain;
2. epilepsy;
3. arrhythmias;
4. tachycardia;
5. Nervous excitement;
6. Seizures;
7. urinary retention;
8. With a hypertensive crisis.

It is important to understand that magnesia in large doses contributes to depression, weakness and drowsiness, suppression of respiratory functions.

The price of magnesia in ampoules is 20-70 rubles, in powder for the preparation of a suspension - 2-25 rubles, additionally in pharmacies you can buy the drug in balls, briquettes.

In modern times, the use of magnesia intramuscularly is practically not practiced, since medicine considers this method outdated and has side effects. However, if necessary, injections can be given in this way. Often, magnesium is administered intravenously with a dropper.

If it is decided to administer the drug intramuscularly, magnesia is mixed with Lidocaine and Novocaine to reduce pain. Indications for the use of the drug are similar to intravenous administration. Also, some doctors administer drugs sequentially - first an anesthetic injection is made, after which the syringe is replaced with magnesia.

Inject the drug intramuscularly should be gradual, while the needle should be deep in the muscle. Magnesia injections at elevated pressure can be done as follows:

• The patient is in a supine position, the muscles are relaxed.
• The injection surface is treated with an alcohol solution. Only disposable sterile syringes and needles are allowed.
• Visually, the buttock is divided into four parts and an injection is made in the extreme upper part. The needle is inserted exactly at a right angle until it stops.
• Before the introduction of magnesia, the medicine must be warmed in the hand to body temperature. The drug is administered slowly over two minutes.

Most often, injections are given intramuscularly during a hypertensive crisis by emergency doctors when it is necessary to urgently lower blood pressure.

Magnesia begins its action one hour after administration, the therapeutic effect lasts for four hours.

However, at home, using the medicine intramuscularly is not recommended, as this can lead to negative consequences.

Since the drug can cause vomiting, disruption of the functioning of the cardiovascular system, headache, increased urination, diarrhea, it can only be used intravenously when prescribed by a doctor.

Intravenous injection is given no more than twice a day, the daily dosage is a maximum of 150 ml. No more than 40 ml of the drug is administered at a time, otherwise an overdose will affect the work of the heart.

Compared to the intramuscular method, an intravenous injection has a faster effect on the body, and after 30 minutes the patient begins to feel better.

When administered intravenously or in a hypertensive crisis, it is important to consider some rules:

1. Only 25% magnesium solution can be used for administration.
2. The drug can not be used in its pure form, it is diluted with Novocain or 5% Glucose solution.
3. In order for the medicine to come gradually, a dropper is used.
4. During the administration of the medicine, the patient should monitor his condition and immediately inform the doctor about any changes in the form of nausea, dizziness and other symptoms.

It must be borne in mind that magnesia has certain contraindications, it cannot be used if the patient has:

• Hypertension;
• Dehydration;
• bradycardia;
• kidney failure;
• Intestinal obstruction;
• Appendicitis;
• rectal bleeding;
• Respiratory dysfunction.

The effect of magnesium on the body

With a lack of magnesium in the body, hypertension develops. Medicines with this substance improve the general condition of the patient, relieve symptoms of the disease and lower blood pressure. Magnesium also effectively stops the hypertensive crisis.

In case of illness, magnesium relieves spasms of blood vessels, relaxes muscles, calms the nervous system, lowers blood pressure, and normalizes the frequency and strength of heart contractions. Magnesium preparations do not allow the development of atherosclerosis, the formation of blood clots and cholesterol plaques in blood vessels, thereby preventing heart attacks and strokes.

If the disease increases blood pressure, you need to take care not only about taking medicines, but also about proper nutrition. Regularly eat foods rich in magnesium and potassium.

It is necessary to include foods rich in magnesium, such as:

1. legumes;
2. Nuts;
3. Rye bread;
4. beets;
5. Buckwheat, wheat groats and bran;
6. Milk and cottage cheese;
7. Chocolate and cocoa;
8. Greenery.

Medicines with positive reviews include drugs such as Magnerot, Magnesium B6, Magvit.

The use of magnesium in hypertension

If muscle relaxants in the form of Tizanidine or Baclofen are used simultaneously with the drug, this increases the effect of the drug. With the additional use of antibiotics of the tetracycline group due to magnesia, their absorption from the gastrointestinal tract decreases, so the drugs lose their effectiveness.

Do not take Magnesium Sulphate and Gentamicin at the same time, as this can cause respiratory arrest. Antihypertensive drugs with magnesia often cause weakness in the muscles. Also, the magnesium preparation blocks the effect on the body of anticoagulant drugs, Tobramycin, cardiac glycosides, Ciprofloxacin, Streptomycin, Phenothiazines. In case of an overdose of magnesium, a potassium preparation is used as an antidote.

It is forbidden to use magnesia in conjunction with:

• Derivatives of alkali metals;
• calcium;
• Tartrates;
• Salt of arsenic acid;
• barium;
• Hydrocortisone;
• Strontium;
• salicylates;
• Ethanol and any alcoholic beverages.

Unfortunately, many patients mistakenly consider magnesium to be a universal way to get rid of high blood pressure. Meanwhile, the disease should be treated comprehensively, only in this case the effect will be observed. The expert in the video in this article will tell you how magnesium tablets also work.

Enter your pressure

Recent discussions.

Magnesia or Magnesium sulfate is a drug that belongs to vasodilators and has a wide range of therapeutic effects. The drug can be used orally, and can be administered as injections (intravenously and intramuscularly).

Magnesia is available in the form of a solution for injection and in the form of a powder for suspension. The powder can be purchased in packages of 10 g, 20 g, 25 g and 50 g. Ampoules with a solution are available in 5 ml, 10 ml, 20 ml and 30 ml. The concentration of Magnesium sulfate in ampoules can be 20% and 25%.

Magnesia is used in a wide variety of pathological conditions, as it has the following properties:

Helps to reduce excitement, irritability and anxiety (sedative effect). With an increase in the dose, a hypnotic effect of the drug develops.

Promotes the removal of fluid from the body, due to the diuretic effect (diuretic effect).

It helps to relax the muscle layer of the arterial walls, thereby expanding their lumen (arteriodilating effect).

Promotes the elimination of convulsions (anticonvulsant effect).

Helps lower blood pressure (hypotensive effect).

Helps to eliminate pain caused by muscle spasms (antispasmodic effect).

Helps to reduce the excitability of myocytes, normalizes ionic balance (antiarrhythmic effect).

Helps prevent the formation of blood clots, protects the cardiovascular system from damage (cardioprotective effect).

Promotes increased blood flow in the uterus due to the expansion of its vessels, inhibits the contractility of the uterine muscles (tocolytic effect).

Helps to eliminate intoxication of the body in case of poisoning with salts of heavy metals, acting as an antidote.

In connection with such an extensive list of therapeutic effects, magnesia is prescribed for the following conditions:

Hypertensive crisis with symptoms;

Increased need for magnesium, acute hypomagnesemia;

Intoxication of the body with heavy metals, including mercury, arsenic, tetraethyl lead.

If we consider the oral use of magnesia, then it is possible to achieve a laxative and choleretic effect, since the drug with this method of administration is not absorbed into the systemic circulation.

Therefore, indications for the use of magnesia inside are:

Magnesia (magnesium sulfate) is a drug that involves an intravenous or intramuscular route of administration. This drug is characterized by a wide range of applications. It is prescribed as an antiarrhythmic, sedative, vasodilator, anticonvulsant, antispasmodic, mild diuretic. If the dosage is not observed, Magnesia can have a depressing effect on the nervous system, cause a drowsiness, and suppress the respiratory centers.

Is it possible to inject Magnesia intramuscularly?

The priority of the intravenous method of drug administration is explained by the increased risk of side effects when Magnesia is administered intramuscularly, which is highly undesirable. In addition, the use of Magnesia intramuscularly is very sensitive, therefore, when choosing this method of administering an injection, it interferes with Novocain. In addition to the above nuances, the use of magnesium sulfate intramuscularly is allowed in the same cases as intravenously.

Indications and contraindications for intramuscular use of Magnesia

Usually, Magnesia is administered intramuscularly in case of a hypertensive crisis and is actively practiced by emergency doctors to normalize pressure. Please note that despite the prevalence of Magnesia for high blood pressure, it is best to avoid using this drug on its own. To avoid side effects, if possible, you should choose a different medicine.

Conditions that are indications for the use of Magnesia:

• preeclampsia, accompanied by convulsions;
• urinary retention;
• hypomagnesemia - an acute lack of magnesium in the body;
• poisoning with salts of heavy metals;
• epileptic seizures.

Contraindications for the use of Magnesia:

• dehydration;
• AV blockade - a condition accompanied by a violation of the conduction of impulses into the ventricles from the atria;
• intestinal obstruction;
• acute renal failure;
• appendicitis;
• rectal bleeding;
• bradycardia;
• hypotension;
• violation of respiratory activity;
• the first three months of pregnancy and the prenatal period.

How to inject Magnesia intramuscularly?

Injections of the drug are allowed only as prescribed by the doctor. This is due to the high probability of serious side effects in case of an overdose, the possibility of the drug to inhibit respiratory, nervous and even cardiac activity.

The introduction of the drug is made into the thickness of the muscle, deep enough. Therefore, the length of the needle at the syringe should reach 4 cm. Before administering the drug, the ampoule is heated to body temperature. The injection itself is made in the buttock according to the following scheme:

Having mentally divided the buttock into four parts, inject into the upper quarter of the body, the furthest from the axis. This prevents the risk of inflammation, reduces the likelihood of getting into adipose tissue.

Before the procedure, treat the injection site with a disinfectant. The most common remedy is alcohol, in case of its absence, it is allowed to use Chlorhexidine. The introduction of the needle is made sharply, followed by careful pressure on the piston, injecting the drug as slowly as possible.

Due to the pain of using Magnesia intramuscularly, it is mixed with Lidocaine or Novocaine.

There are 2 ways to administer the drug:

1. Magnesia together with Novocaine is diluted in one syringe (for 1 ampoule of a solution of magnesia 20-25%, 1 ampoule of novocaine is used).
2. Each drug is drawn into a separate syringe, Novocaine is injected, the syringe is disconnected, and the needle remains in place, Magnesia is injected into the same needle.

In this medical article, you can get acquainted with the drug Magnesia. The instructions for use will explain in which cases you can take injections or powder, what the medicine helps with, what are the indications for use, contraindications and side effects. The annotation presents the form of release of the drug and its composition.

In the article, doctors and consumers can only leave real reviews about Magnesia, from which you can find out if the medicine helped in the treatment of constipation, lowering high blood pressure, performing tubages in adults and children, for which it is also prescribed. The instructions list analogues of Magnesia, drug prices in pharmacies, as well as its use during pregnancy.

A medicine from the pharmacological group of saline laxatives is Magnesia. Instructions for use indicate that injections in ampoules for intramuscular and intravenous injections, powder for the preparation of a suspension are prescribed to loosen the stool for various types of constipation.

Release form and composition

Magnesia is available in the following dosage forms:

• Solution for intravenous and intramuscular administration (injections in ampoules for injection).
• Powder for suspension for oral administration in jars of 20 g, 25 g, 40 g, 50 g.

In 1 ml ampoule solution - magnesium sulfate 250 mg.

pharmachologic effect

When administered orally, Magnesia or Magnesium sulfate has a choleretic and laxative effect on the patient's body. Poor absorption causes the laxative effect of this remedy. The high osmotic pressure created in the intestines after taking this remedy contributes to the accumulation of water and liquefaction of the intestinal contents, resulting in increased peristalsis.

The choleretic effect of the drug is due to the reflex effect of the drug on the mucous membrane of the duodenum. This drug is effective in poisoning with salts of heavy metals. The therapeutic effect of the drug occurs after 0.5-3 hours after taking the drug, while it lasts for 4-6 hours.

With intramuscular and intravenous use, the drug has a vasodilator, diuretic, anticonvulsant, antiarrhythmic, antispasmodic, and also a sedative effect.

With parenteral administration of this drug in sufficiently large doses, the drug has a hypnotic, tocolytic (prevents premature birth), curare-like (contributes to the inhibition of muscle transmission), as well as a narcotic effect.

Due to the ability of the drug to have a calming effect, the use of magnesium sulfate helps to reduce the excitability of the respiratory center, reduce blood pressure, and increase urination. The effect of the drug occurs immediately after intravenous administration.

At the same time, the therapeutic effect of the use of this remedy lasts for half an hour. When administered intramuscularly, the therapeutic effect occurs after 60 minutes and continues for the next three to four hours.

Indications for use

What helps Magnesia? Injections are prescribed:

• hypomagnesemia, tetany;
• poisoning with barium chloride, salts of heavy metals;
• brain concussion;
• bronchial asthma (as part of complex therapy);
• encephalopathy, epileptic seizure;
• ventricular tachycardia;
• urinary retention;
• arterial hypertension, a crisis state with cerebral edema.

Magnesia Powder is used orally for:

• duodenal sounding;
• to cleanse the intestines;
• constipation;
• dyskinesia of the gallbladder, cholangitis and cholecystitis (for tubage);
• poisoning with salts of heavy metals.

Instructions for use

Magnesia is administered intramuscularly or intravenously. The drug is used only as directed by a doctor. Doses are specified taking into account the therapeutic effect and the concentration of magnesium sulfate in the blood serum.

• In case of hypertensive crises, it is administered intramuscularly or intravenously slowly, 5-20 ml of a 25% solution.
• In convulsive syndrome, spastic conditions, the drug is prescribed intramuscularly at 5-20 ml of a 25% solution in combination with anxiolytic agents that have a pronounced central muscle relaxant effect.
• In case of acute poisoning with mercury, arsenic, tetraethyl lead, 5-10 ml of a 5-10% solution of magnesium sulfate is injected intravenously.
  .

Contraindications

Reception of Magnesia is contraindicated in a number of pathological conditions, which include:

Side effects

Magnesia can provoke such undesirable reactions of the body as:

• exacerbation of diseases of the digestive tract, diarrhea, vomiting, nausea, flatulence, thirst, in case of renal failure - signs of hypermagnesemia (dizziness);
• electrolyte imbalance, which manifests itself in the form of convulsions, arrhythmias, confusion, asthenia, increased fatigue.

Hypermangiemia at the initial stage can be expressed by a decrease in blood pressure, headache, shortness of breath, weakness, vomiting, nausea, blurred speech, bradycardia, and sudden flushes of blood to the face.

An excessive concentration of magnesium in the blood serum has the following symptoms: depression of the respiratory center, loss of deep tendon reflexes, impaired cardiac conduction, cardiac arrest, anxiety, increased sweating, increased urine production, deep sedation (depression of consciousness), uterine atony (a sharp decrease in tone and loss muscle contractility).

During pregnancy and lactation

During pregnancy, Magnesia is used with caution, only in cases where the expected therapeutic effect outweighs the potential risk to the fetus. If necessary, use during lactation, breastfeeding should be discontinued.

special instructions

Before you start using the drug, you should carefully read the instructions for the drug. Alcohol intake is excluded during the use of magnesium sulfate powder, as this can lead to the formation of an insoluble precipitate.

The drug is not used in children under 6 years of age, the question of the possibility of its use for older children is decided by the attending physician. The drug does not directly affect the speed of psychomotor reactions and the ability to concentrate.

drug interaction

Use with cardiac glycosides increases the risk of AV blockade, with muscle relaxants, neuromuscular blockade increases. When used together with vasodilators, the hypotensive effect is enhanced. The likelihood of inhibition of the respiratory center and the central nervous system increases when used with barbiturates and narcotic analgesics.

Calcium salts reduce the effect of the drug. A precipitate is formed with clindamycin phosphate, polymyxin B, hydrocortisone, procaine hydrochloride, salicylates, Ca2+ preparations, ethanol, strontium salts, arsenic acid, barium.

Magnesia's analogs

According to the structure, analogues are determined:

• Cormagnesin.
• Magnesium sulfate Darnitsa.
• Magnesium sulfate solution for injections.

Holiday conditions and price

The average cost of Magnesia (powder 25 g) in Moscow is 35 rubles. The price of injections is 60 rubles for 10 ampoules. In the pharmacy network, the drug is dispensed without a doctor's prescription. If you have questions or doubts about its use, you should consult a doctor.

Magnesia should be stored at room temperature. Shelf life under the necessary conditions is five years.