Adverbs in English: degrees of comparison, examples, exercises. Training suffixes of English adverbs Exercises for the formation of adverbs in English

1. Select the appropriate adverb in the right column. Translate the sentences.

It is raining…a. fast (quickly) He can speak Spanish… b. early Don’t cut yourself. Use the knife… c. gracefully (gracefully) Sorry, I don’t understand you. Can you speak...? d. quietly (quietly) Modern cars go very... e. heavily (strongly, heavily) During the war my grandmother worked very… f. carefully (carefully) If you get up…, you’ll have a successful day. g. brightly (brightly) My kids never make noise, they usually play… h. fluently (fluently) It’s very hot today. The sun is shining…i. hard (a lot, hard) She moves like a cat: very… j. slowly (slowly)

2. Choose the appropriate word in brackets.

The bus moved very… (slow/slowly) and I arrived home late. (The bus moved very slowly, and I arrived home late.) Miss Jones ran... (quick/quickly) to the chemist’s. (Miss Jones quickly ran to the pharmacy.) I’m afraid I wrote the test very... (bad/badly). (I'm afraid I wrote the test very poorly.) She drives the car quite... (good/well). (She drives the car quite well.) Dad looked at me... (angry/angrily). (Dad looked at me angrily.) Mr. Potter was… (deep/deeply) touched by our greetings. (Mr. Potter was deeply touched by our congratulations.) We... (hard/hardly) know each other. (We hardly know each other.) The Internet is... (widely/widely) used all over the world. (The Internet is widely used all over the world.) Hurry up, kids! It’s... (near/nearly) midnight. (Hurry up, children! It’s almost midnight.) The police officer examined the car... (close/closely). (The policeman carefully examined the car.)

3. Place the adverb from brackets in the correct place in the sentence. Translate.

Example: I go jogging in the morning. (always – always) – I always go jogging in the morning. (I always go for a run in the morning.)

I have a salad for lunch. (usually - usually) John is rude to his parents. (never – never) Mary watches horror films. (sometimes – sometimes) They go abroad for their holidays. (often – often) We drink strong coffee. (hardly ever – very rarely) I am impressed by music. (rarely - rarely) She will remember this accident. (always - always) The patient is sleeping after the operation. (probably – perhaps) The week is over. (finally – finally) I go to the gym twice a week. (generally – mostly)

Answers:

E (It's raining heavily.) H (He can speak Spanish fluently.) F (Don't cut yourself. Use the knife carefully.) J (Sorry, I don't understand you. Can you speak slowly?) A (Modern cars drive very fast) quickly.) I (During the war, my grandmother worked very hard.) B (If you get up early, you will have a good day.) D (My children never make noise, they usually play quietly.) G (It’s very hot today. The sun shines brightly.) C (She moves like a cat: very gracefully.)

Slowly Quickly Badly Well Angrily Deeply Hardly Widely Nearly Closely

I usually have a salad for lunch. (I usually eat salad for lunch.) John is never rude to his parents. (John is never rude to his parents.) Mary sometimes watches horror films. (Mary sometimes watches horror films.) They often go abroad for their holidays. (They often go on vacation abroad.) We hardly ever drink strong coffee. (We very rarely drink strong coffee.) I am rarely impressed by music. (I'm rarely impressed by music.) She will always remember this accident. (She will always remember this accident.) The patient is probably sleeping after the operation. (The patient may be sleeping after the operation.) The week is finally over. (The week is finally over.) I generally go to the gym twice a week. (Basically, I go to the gym twice a week.)

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Adverb groups

Adverbs play a very important role in grammar. Unlike adjectives, they characterize the actions of the verb, not the properties of the noun. There is such a concept as the degree of comparison of adverbs. In English, as in Russian, not all adverbs have this grammatical category.

Main groups of adverbs:

mode of action: happily (happily), quickly (quickly), well (good), fast (quickly), bravely (bravely);
places: here (here), there (there), down (down), up (up), inside (inside), outside (outside);
time: soon (soon), now (now), today (today), yesterday (yesterday), tomorrow (tomorrow);
frequencies: often (often), always (always), never (never), occasionally (randomly);
degrees: very, much (very), too (too), rather (quite), hardly (with difficulty);
measures and quantities: enough (enough), almost (almost), nearly (approximately, about);
reasons and circumstances: accordingly, therefore, consequently (hence);
interrogative, subjunctive and relative: when (when), how (how), why (why), where (where), yet (yet), still (still).

Most adverbs in English are formed by adding the suffix -ly to an adjective: slow - slowly. At the same time, some adjectives have the form ending -ly: lovely, friendly, silly, deadly, lively, lonely, manly, ugly, cowardly, costly. These adjectives must be remembered and not confused with adverbs. How to use these adjectives correctly so that they act as adverbs in English? In this case, you should say in a manner/way: She spoke to me in a very friendly manner. - She spoke to me very friendly (she spoke to me in a very friendly manner).

Education of degrees of comparison

In English, degrees of comparison of adjectives and adverbs have the same forms:

simple adverbs, together with the adverb early (early), are formed by adding the suffix -er to comparative degree: faster, sooner, earlier; the suffix -est is added to superlative degree: fastest, soonest, earliest;
adverbs ending in -ly are modified by adding more and most: more carefully, most often, more slowly - most slowly;
exceptions are irregular adverbs: well - better - best, badly, much, little, far - which are formed according to the same principle as adjectives.

At the same time, the rules of grammar allow the formation of adverbs often, quickly, slowly by adding the suffixes -er, -est.

As in the case of adjectives, degrees of comparison of adverbs in English, according to the rule, can also be used in comparative constructions where:

as ... as - the same ... as (in positive form);
the same...as - the same...as;
than - together with the comparative form;
the + comparative form + the + comparative form. For example, the quicker the better for you - the faster, the better for you.

As you can see, it is very simple to apply the comparison rule for adverbs, which is practically no different from the comparison forms of adjectives. However, it should be remembered that certain adverbs have two forms - and at the same time different meanings:

close/closely - close/attentively;
late/lately - late/recently;
deep/deeply - deeply (literally)/deeply (about feelings);
pretty/prettily - straight, correct/attractive.

Word order in sentences with adverbs

In English, word order plays one of the main roles. Each word in a sentence has its own place, and changing it can change its meaning. Therefore, a certain place is reserved for adverbs. Most often they are placed in a sentence after the verb they define: How did I do the work? - You did very well.

Adverbs such as: usually, always, also, etc. are usually used before the verb, but after to be: you are always late.

Adverbs are used in English after adjectives, other adverbs and before participles:

I am terribly sorry.

He run very quickly.

The competition was badly organized.

In spoken or written speech, one must remember that after the verbs: be (to be), become (become), get, grow, turn (become), feel (feel), look/appear (look), smell (smell) are used adjectives only. The use of adverbs after these verbs is incorrect.

A little practice

In order to master any section of grammar well and for a long time, you need to apply your knowledge in practice.

Therefore, we suggest doing several tasks for the correct use of degrees of comparison of adverbs in English. The exercises will allow you to speak English correctly, just like native speakers do:

He swims (best/better) than everyone else in the school (better).
People usually do (hardest/the hardest) when they are doing something for their family (hardest).
Please, make for me your (last/latest) photo. (latest).
(The smaller/the smaller) a car is, (the easier/the easier) it is to drive (the smaller/the easier).
Please, shut the window quiet/quietly (quietly).
The beach is less/least crowded today than yesterday (less).
He is very/much younger than she is (much).
She is practically (clever) woman I have ever met. (cleverest)

Before you begin to study the degrees of comparison of adverbs in the English language, you need to very carefully understand the same rule regarding adjectives; find out exceptions to the rules; phrases and phrases that can only be used with adjectives. Then, when studying adverbs, no difficulties or confusion will arise.

Memorize and implement as many adverbs and adjectives into your speech as possible. Remember that you can colorfully describe not only a noun, but a verb, that is, some action. Make your speech varied!

Task 1. Open the brackets to transform the adjective into an adverb.

Example: Linda is... (amazing) clever. - Linda isamazinglyclever.

1. She... (easy) ended her training.
2. Kim always acts... (strange).
3. This movie is...(extreme) funny.
4. His eyes are... (nervous) shifty.

Task 2. Of the two possible options, leave one correct.

Example: My friends aremost / mostlygamers. - My friends aremostlygamers.

1. The dress waspretty / prettilydecorated.
2. The tree was sohigh / highlythat she couldn't see our window.
3. The Smiths may belate / latelybecause they have to meet their relatives at the station.
4. Shewarm / warmlysmiled at me.
5. She lives in Spain, so wehard / hardlyever see her.

Task 3. Place the adverb in brackets in the correct place in the sentence.

Example: Simon is alone in that building. (absolutely) - Simon isabsolutelyalone in that building.

1. Lucy visits her parents at the weekend. (always)
2. A pathologist examined the body. (carefully)
3. I saw him at the cafe. (yesterday)
4. I'm looking for him.(everywhere)
5. I "ll call you. (then)

Task 4. Place the adverb in brackets in the desired degree of comparison.

Example: We don"t have time! Could you go ... (fast)? - We don"t have time! Could you gofaster?

1. Excuse me, I can"t concentrate. Could you speak... (quietly)?
2. They came ... (soon) than we thought.
3. After renovation in our flat we will feel... (comfortably).
4. The winner of the beauty contest acted ...(gracefully).

Task 5. Fill in the blanks with words too or enough according to their meaning.

Example: The soup was...hot to eat. - The soup wastoohot to eat.

1. This house was ... expensive for us.
2. I have ... time to speak with you.
3. James wasn't good... for her.

Task 6. From two options, choose one correct one.

He is good/well at playing tennis.

My sister drives very carefully/carefully.

That cake tastes delicious/deliciously.

They live together happy/happily.

This book makes me feel sad/sadly.

Task 7. Form comparative and superlative degrees from these adjectives.

hot

small

happy

expensive

bad

Task 8. Make up sentences using the comparative degree of adjectives.

Example:

Horse/big/dog – A horse is bigger than a dog.

2.Car/fast/bike

3.English/easy/German

4. Sam/tall/John

5. Your ring/beautiful/mine

Exercise 9. Put the adjectives in brackets into superlatives.

Everest is………(high) mountain in the world.

A whale is…………(big) animal on our planet.

He is the…………(good) student in our class.

This is…………(interesting) story by Dickens.

I am…………(happy) man in the world.

Task 10. Correct the mistakes in the sentences.

He is the oldest student in his group.

You are taller then me.

My car is better than his.

It is one of the most beautiful lakes in the world.

These flowers are more cheap than those ones.

Task 11. Put the adjective in brackets into the correct form.

The Volga is…………(long) river in Europe.

Life in the country is…………(relaxing) than in the city.

He is one of…………(rich) people in the world.

My house is…………(modern) than yours.

The weather today is…………(good) than it was yesterday.

Answers :

Exercise 1.

1. easily
2.strangely
3. extremely
4. nervously

Exercise 2.

1.pretty
2. high
3.late
4.warmly
5.hardly

Exercise 3.

1. Lucy always visits her parents at the weekend.
2. A pathologist carefully examined the body. / A pathologist examined the body carefully.
3. I saw him at the cafe yesterday.
4. I"m looking for him everywhere.
5. I"ll call you then. / Then I"ll call you.

Exercise 4.

1. more quietly
2. sooner
3.more comfortably
4. most gracefully

Exercise 5.

1.too
2.enough
3.enough

Exercise 6.

good

carefully.

delicious

happily.

Sad

Task 7.

hot – hotter – (the) hottest

small – smaller – (the) smallest

happy – happier – (the) happiest

expensive – more expensive – (the) most expensive

bad – worse – (the) worst

Task 8.

Mary is more polite than Ann.

A car is faster than a bike.

English is easier than German.

Sam is taller than John.

Your ring is more beautiful than mine.

Task 9.

the highest

the biggest

the best

the most interesting

the happiest

Task 10.

He is theoldeststudent in his group.

You are tallerthanme.

My car isbetterthan his.

It is one ofthe mostbeautiful lakes in the world.

These flowers arecheaperthan those ones.

Task 11.

the longest

more relaxing

the richest

more modern

better