Councils for the training of dogs. Key points on how to raise a puppy. Incorrect or insufficient emotional coloring of speech

A puppy is the same child that also requires special treatment from the owner and members of his family. Of course, even the offspring of a threatening bulldog at the age of 2-3 months looks very cute and funny, so there are always those who want to caress and cuddle him. But as a result of such universal love, a puppy can turn into a spoiled and uncontrollable dog, causing a lot of problems to its owner. At the same time, the size of the dog, like its breed, does not matter, because a poorly educated lapdog can cause no less trouble than an ill-mannered Labrador or bulldog. Therefore, before you start a four-legged comrade in the house, it will not be superfluous to familiarize yourself with the rules that allow you to understand how to properly raise a puppy. Moreover, he will have to be brought up at different stages, depending on how many months he is.

Where does it all begin?

And it all starts with psychology, or rather with instincts. After all, a dog is a pack animal, and in a pack there is always a leader. Therefore, the task of the owner of a small puppy in the first days is to show who is in charge in the house, and to do it so that, on the one hand, the baby remembers, and on the other, so that the lesson does not become stressful. There are many ways to show your superiority to the animal, but it is better not to let the small household control you from the first days. The main task in raising a puppy is a skillful combination of strictness and love, delicacy and a certain exactingness. At the same time, the smaller the baby is months old, the greater the chances of success.

How to properly raise a puppy?

Everyone knows that it is better to involve a professional instructor for training an adult dog. But how to raise a small puppy? Does he also need to be taken to special lessons in a special "dog" school? Not really. It is possible and necessary to raise a small puppy at home, and from the first days of its appearance in the house. You can see how to raise puppies on the video on the network.

The first educational processes include:

toilet training a puppy
weaning from biting;
learning to walk, play, etc.

Some dog owners do not understand, or rather do not know at what age the process of education can begin. The answer to this question depends on various factors, including the initial state of the baby and the characteristics of his character. But, as practice shows, it is better to raise puppies from the earliest possible age. After all, the older the pet, the more difficult it is to cope with it without the help of a professional dog handler.

For example, a puppy who is 4 months old is still the material from which you can “sculpt” at home. But individuals older than 5 months are already more difficult to educate and require more stringent methods of influence under an hour.

In fact, raising puppies even at home is not difficult. The main thing is to approach this process with all seriousness, to show perseverance, patience and delicacy. You can watch various video lessons online, and thereby choose the best method for interacting with your pet.

By the way, despite the fact that the process of raising a small puppy and its training are different concepts, they are nonetheless very closely related. So training is the process of teaching an animal to perform certain commands. Also, during training, the animal acquires certain skills, develops better the features characteristic of its breed, etc. Training begins from the 3rd month of the puppy's life.

Whereas raising puppies, regardless of breed, is the process of establishing a hierarchy in the master-pet bond. The quality and effectiveness of training will depend on how well your dog is brought up. By the way, in the process of education, not only the dog acquires certain skills, but also the owner. You can see the difference between education and training on the video on the network. You can also get advice from an experienced dog handler and decide at what age the baby should be taught to the toilet or teach commands. After all, this should be done in a certain period, in the range from 1 to 5 months.

golden rules

There are certain rules in raising a small puppy, which can be found on the websites of nurseries, and with the help of video lessons posted on the network, etc. The main rules by which you can properly raise a puppy should include order and discipline. That is, from an early age, the puppy must be taught to go to the toilet in the place established for this. Separately, you need to allocate a place for feeding and sleeping. In no case should you feed a small puppy anywhere (on the couch, in the kitchen, etc.). The new member of your family should have their own dedicated eating area.

By the way, one of the ways to instill in a puppy a sense of obedience and understanding of his place in the hierarchy is to feed the animal after the whole family has eaten. This is very important, because paying too much attention to your pet can spoil a small puppy and then, when he is 5 months old or more, he will have to be retrained. True, this will require much more stringent measures.

Also, do not lose sight of such a trifle as the first passage into the room. That is, if you need to go into a room with a puppy, then the owner must go through the door first, even if you have to keep the dog on a short leash.

And finally, in gaming processes, the owner must always be the winner. Even if you are tired, with the help of the “give back” or “come to me” command, you need to complete the game in such a way as to come out of it as a winner.

As for the place for rest and sleep, it should also be allocated for the baby and the puppy should fall asleep in his “crib”. No matter how much you would like to caress the baby once again or feed something tasty, and even in the wrong place, you should initially abandon this idea. Otherwise, the animal will grow up spoiled. It's good if it's a small lap dog. And if it is a large dog weighing under 70 kg and with large and sharp teeth?

Until a certain age, the owner has every chance to wean his pet from such a bad habit as biting the hands and feet of family members. By the way, if we are talking about individuals under 4 months old, then biting the owner's hands is nothing more than a game, or an opportunity to get to know the outside world. If, after 5 months, the puppy continues to bite, attack, jump and does it with all its strength and seriousness, then we are talking about the desire to become the first in the pack, which must be nipped in the bud. And this is also part of the educational process.

At what age should you raise a puppy?

In addition to the question of how to properly raise a puppy, the owner of the animal is also concerned about the question of at what age it is better to do it. There is a stereotype that the sooner the better. But this is only partly true. After all, a very tiny puppy is unlikely to be able to understand at all what the owner wants to achieve from him. Therefore, it is better to start the educational process with the development of basic skills from the age of 2 or even 3 months. As for the deadline, it is possible to educate an animal, however, like a person, all his life. Another thing is that if you do it on time, then there will be no problems in further interaction between the owner and his pet. So it's better if your dog learns the basics and basics of correct behavior both in your home and outside it before 5 months. Well, after the rules of good dog tone are learned, you can move on to more specific, and even highly specialized training.

Impact formats

And one more question that the owner of a puppy may worry about is how to influence the baby so that it is effective, but not harsh and, moreover, not traumatic for the pet.

The system of carrot and stick or rewards and prohibitions is considered optimal. Not punishments, but prohibitions. Punishing an animal in the process of education is not worth it, as this will only cause aggression and disobedience on his part. Starving as punishment is also not recommended.

The question of how much is also important, because you need to educate any puppy, starting from his age.

Well, how many lessons to conduct per day, and how long the lesson should be - each owner decides for himself, taking into account the pet's abilities and his mood. This is the only way to understand how to raise a little puppy so that a good and reliable friend grows out of it.

We are all fascinated by trained dogs that faithfully look into the eyes of their master and follow all his commands. Do you know that your dog can be so loyal, loyal, and obedient? Don't believe? The secret to this ideal behavior lies in... educating the dog. And, how competently and correctly you raise your pet will depend on how obedient your dog will grow. Ready? Then go ahead, get acquainted with the rules of raising a dog ...

A dog that doesn't listen to its owner simply doesn't respect him. In order for the dog to become complaisant and obedient, you need to gain authority in her eyes, earn her trust.

It is noteworthy that a dog of any breed is a descendant of a wolf predator. And, we are talking not only about representatives of large and aggressive breeds, but also about lap dogs, such as a pug or a Pekingese. Therefore, in the behavior of any dog, one can trace the behavior of a predatory wolf, which sacredly observes the rules of the wolf pack and respects the elder. This elder can be called anything, and the leader, and the alpha male and the leader - the meaning does not change from the name, this is an individual that has all the privileges and sets the rules of behavior in the pack. Some might say, but my poodle is not a wolf and I am not an alpha male. Maybe... But, regardless of whether you accept the rules of behavior, communication and education of a dog according to this principle or not, these rules apply. And, it is simply impossible to impose human dogmas of education on an animal. Another thing, learn to dictate rules to a dog in a dog language that it understands. Take in your pack, which consists of you and your dog, the place of the leader, whom the animal wants to respect. Ah, obedience, it will come after respect. It is noteworthy that if you adhere to this line of animal education, you will not have to resort to violent methods, beat the dog or inflict physical pain on it. Exceptionally humane methods aimed at the mind of the animal.
Very often, novice dog breeders confuse such concepts as education and training. And, therein lies their mistake.

A dog may not know all the nuances of training, but it must be educated, because it is your face, it is a member of your pack.

So, how to raise a dog(do not train - that's another topic)? First of all, you must be consistent. Once you have accepted these rules, you, as the leader of your little pack, must adhere to them constantly, regardless of your mood and circumstances. Someone may say that it is necessary to educate a dog from childhood ... Perhaps. But, you can also raise an adult dog (though this is much more difficult). But difficult does not mean impossible!
So here are these parenting rules:

Difficult? Cruel? But, good upbringing requires sacrifice, and the victims in this case are the whims of your animal and your weakness of character. After all, you want to see an animal next to you that will not betray you, that respects you? Then, be patient, and … educate your dog.

Shevtsova Olga

Video about raising a dog:

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Since childhood, Marina has dreamed of a big dog with which she can fearlessly walk the streets at any time of the day. After all, a large, formidable dog is a real protector! When the opportunity arose, the girl got a boxer.

But here's the paradox: Jessie looks like a vicious dog, but if a stranger approaches her (no matter what the person's intentions are - to stroke or hit), the dog hurries to retreat. At the same time, he drags the poor mistress behind him on a leash.

Marina does not understand why a service breed pet is madly afraid of people. But breeders and trainers will say right away: Jesse made mistakes. Not only for Marina, but also for everyone who wants to get a dog or has already done so, it is important to know how to avoid them!

A puppy must get used to things, people, sounds, other animals from childhood. If something is not recorded in his memory, this object or individual will continue to seem dangerous to him. So, dogs that grew up exclusively in the society of women begin to be afraid of men, and vice versa.

Badly trained dogs react differently to danger. Some run away, like Jesse, others hide, others seek protection behind the back of the owner, whom they themselves had to shield from the unknown, and still others even experience involuntary urination.

There is also an aggressive form of reaction - the dog is the first to attack something or those who are afraid. At best, she barks, at worst - bites, until the enemy has time to come to his senses. Moreover, fear is stress, which, as you know, shortens the life of a pet. And it is so short in animals.

So do your best to make your pet less afraid. To do this, you need to help the puppy to fully understand the world around him. The three initial periods of dog development are your chance to instill in your pet all the necessary qualities and correct negative traits. Don't delay - waste your time!

Early childhood

The pet must be with the mother until it reaches the age of 8 weeks. During this time, the baby will learn to be a dog and learn the first principles of discipline from mom. The bitch will growl at the puppy, in which she saw the leader. Will try to suppress his disobedience.

This will have a good effect on the character of the pet in the future: he will learn to recognize the leader - the owner. An important skill that puppies learn during this period is dental control. They bite their relatives, and they respond with "reciprocity". So babies understand what pain is, and learn to regulate the force of the bite, clench their teeth so as not to cause discomfort, or, on the contrary, to fight for real.

Communication with the mother dog in the future determines how the pet will behave with individuals of the opposite sex, and who he represents himself. Interestingly, if in early childhood the puppy was only with people, he considers himself a man, and his relationship with other animals will be strained. A person during this period should often take the baby in his arms, stroke him. Otherwise, the dog will never be able to trust the owner.

Right choice

At this time, you will be able to determine from which puppy it will be possible to raise an obedient dog without much difficulty. Make him your pet. Sometimes a mother dog aggressively raises babies. Some breeders are afraid that she might harm them, take them away from their divorced mother and feed them separately.

There are many difficulties in raising such dogs. The pet that first ran up to you, pushing his brothers aside, is the leader. This, too, will be difficult to make obedient. A trembling dog huddled in a corner is too shy and timid. He will never become a real protector for the owner and his family. This will greatly complicate education. Stop your choice on the "golden mean" - on an inquisitive dog with a balanced character.

Time of knowledge

Until the puppy is 5 months old, he should learn and see as much as possible. The most important meeting is with the veterinarian. For the first time, bring your pet to the doctor, but do not perform unpleasant procedures. Let the veterinarian caress the animal and give him treats, conduct a routine examination and give advice to you.

This will develop a positive attitude towards the clinic in the dog. Vaccinate next time. It is at this stage of development that the incubation period of vaccination falls. The puppy should avoid contact with other animals so as not to get sick. Many owners, being careful, do not walk the baby all this time. But this is wrong.

So the pet appears, strangers and animals. To prevent this from happening, you can take the dog outside in your arms or in a carrier to places where animals are not walked and there is no risk of running into them. Such short walks are priceless for the baby!

Once the quarantine period is over, take your pet outside and spend as much time as possible there. It is very important to communicate with adult dogs that are brought up correctly. It is they who will teach the pet the “dog code of conduct”. You can take the puppy to the breeder from whom he was taken several times. Let him talk to his parents.

The dog must see other animals, people, children, approach them, sniff them. Don't encourage your pet's fear. Don't try to calm him down. If you say "Don't be afraid baby!" and pat him on the head, the dog will think that fear is the right thing to do. After all, she is praised for it. It is better to ignore the reaction of the pet and show him that things or individuals should not be afraid.

Let's say the kid was scared of the vacuum cleaner. Keep cleaning. You can slightly sit down on the mechanism and call your pet. He will understand that the object is not dangerous, and will run up to you. And you encourage his courage. Feed him a treat. Praise your dog for every brave act. At first, always take plenty of treats with you on a walk.

But remember: for a dog to need your rewards, it must be hungry. At this stage, the owner has a chance to forever earn the authority of the pet. You will be the one who will protect the dog, explain what you should not be afraid of, and who he can count on in case of real danger.

Carefully!

Don't go overboard with fearlessness. Too much stress in one day is dangerous for the psyche of the dog. The period from 6 weeks to 5 months is considered the time of imprinting fear: if the baby experiences a strong fright, this experience will haunt him all his life. So protect your dog from severe stress and any possible injury.

Tatyana, accountant: We picked up Irma on the street. She was about 10 weeks old. The dog was dying of hunger. When she got stronger, she began to eat everything in a row. It didn't matter if it was tasty or not, hungry Irma ate. The veterinarian explained: our pet is simply afraid one day to be left without food again, because she was starving during the formation of character, and “stores” food.

Vasily, veterinarian: The dog of my friend fell off a chair with a back as a child and injured his paw. Now he is afraid of such chairs and even barks at them. I had to eliminate the focus of fear and acquire stools. Transitional age From 6 to 10 months, your puppy will turn into an adult. Be prepared for the fact that his behavior will noticeably worsen.

To begin with, the dog will try to establish a hierarchy in your "pack" - the family. Naturally, he wants to become a leader. Therefore, during this period, you should be more active in training in order to show your pet daily who is in charge in the house. If you can’t show your character on your own - which will show you how to behave with a dog.

In the transitional age, the dog manifests the so-called "flight instinct". Stop letting your pet off the leash. Replace a strict leash with a more maneuverable tape measure. So the dog will have the necessary freedom, which you, however, can control.

Communication with a fugitive

The dog will continue to run away if you scold him when he returns. During the escape, he will have a good time, and then he will receive a serious thrashing from you. Of course, the dog will conclude that it is better to be free than with an angry owner, so you need to run away again and possibly forever.

Therefore, as soon as you find a dog, praise him for returning, feed him more tasty than usual, play with him. A warm welcome will show the fugitive that he is loved more at home than on the street, where there is also a lot of danger.

Consequences of mistakes

What to do with dogs like Jesse, whose character has already formed, but not in the way it should be? Trainers assure: the consequences of improper socialization can be corrected.

First, find out exactly what your pet is afraid of. Unfamiliar men? Children under 5? Other dogs or cats? Start working on overcoming your fear.
Praise and encouragement are the most effective methods in this case.
Control the situation. Create a barrier between the dog and the source of his fear - stand between them so that the animal understands that as long as it is near you, nothing threatens it.
But don't scold or punish your dog for being fearful. After all, then you will get a cowardly and embittered pet, which will be even more difficult to socialize. It is in your power to raise a friend for life, not a problem!

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Dog training begins even before you bring a puppy into your home. Unless you undertake to feed a blind, thrown out orphan with a nipple. But then you will have to become not only a milk mother for him, but also begin to teach him the basics of dog cohabitation. Watch the bitch, especially how she treats her brood. She affectionately licks them (therefore, in the future, when the dog wants to reveal his goodwill towards someone, he will lick), teaches them to play. But when the naughty puppy goes too far, the mother sharply pulls him up: at first she squeals, then she grabs the fighter by the scruff of the neck with her teeth and shakes it a couple of times. This is the first phase of training.

The second phase begins with weaning the puppy from its mother. The new environment and separation from the family cause shock in the young animal. To smooth it out, try to start with the same methods that its parent used. The first night in a new home is very important. The dog is used to sleeping under the warm side of his mother and surrounded by other puppies. As comfortable as his mat is, it's still not the same. Even if the dog managed to sniff its new habitat during the day and calm down a little, play, eat and even take a nap, whining will inevitably begin at night. It is important not to show weakness here: if you take pity on him and take him to your bed, the pet will sleep there for the rest of his life. In the first nights, put a warm heating pad under the puppy's side.

At the age of one and a half months, it is necessary to continue raising the dog so that it adapts to human society .. In an animal pack, the subordinate member flirts with the stronger one, touching it with its paws. This adorable habit can cause a rapidly growing large breed puppy to inadvertently knock over a child or an elderly person, not to mention torn pantyhose. If you are a man and would not mind your pet throwing itself at your feet, showing love and devotion, think about the ladies who come to the house. In order to avoid embarrassment, it is better to immediately wean him from showing his feelings in this way. Therefore, the “fu” or “no” command is almost the first one that you need to train your dog.

It is very important to educate a dog at the age of three months, when, especially in males, the instinct of dominance wakes up. These are pack animals, and they, as you know, must have a leader. Either you or your dog will become them - there is no third way. The condition of parity and democracy is possible in some cases, but not as a rule. Otherwise, the dog will be disoriented. She feels comfortable if she is clearly aware of the chain of hierarchy. Do not let her dominate any member of the family.

After you make the necessary vaccinations, you can teach the puppy to go out. He should already know his nickname, understand and execute the commands “come to me!”, “sit!” and "fu!". The last command must be pronounced in a stern and harsh voice that does not allow objections, and the first, on the contrary, in an affectionate tone. If the baby, after a misconduct, obeying the command, came up to you, in no case punish him.

It is very important to thoughtfully approach the question of how to educate. After all, unlike a person, the instincts of distant ancestors bred by breeders prevail over her. Do not be surprised if your pit bull, showing extreme patience with the antics of children, will go berserk and go berserk at the sight of an outside relative. To train your pet in social behavior, you need to consult with an experienced dog handler or even send the dog to a training school.

Guard dogs, hunting and shepherd breeds in an ordinary city apartment also need to curb nurtured "native" habits. In order not to bark for half an hour at every sound made behind the wall by your neighbors, so that the shepherd dog does not throw itself at the postman, the dachshund does not rummage through the lawn like a bulldozer, and the setter does not rush headlong after a cat or a pigeon, you need to wean them from these habits. It is generally not recommended to let the dog off the leash on the street - he can simply get lost in the crowd. But even in nature, the dog must unquestioningly obey the owner. To do this, you must become a recognized leader for her, and in order to achieve this, you need perseverance and strength of character.

Alexandra Lychko

Raising a puppy or adopting an adult dog is not enough. It is important that the relationship between the animal and the owner develop correctly, "communication" is a pleasure for both. If you know how to raise an obedient dog, then in the future you will be able to instill all the skills that are required.

How to properly train a dog

If you ask the owner what he wants from the pet, then the answers may be as follows:

obedience;
help;
protection;
the ability to impress others with interesting tricks.

Almost all owners dream that a four-legged pet turns out to be a good friend.

Puppy

The easiest way to start education is from puppyhood. You should start with the basics - accustom to the toilet, place, commands.

It is necessary to draw up a daily routine - the dog must clearly know when to go for a walk, and when they will give him food. Games and classes are also held at the same time.

The dog must know that it is not the leader in the family. To teach a dog to follow the rules, they should be ... accustomed to domestic ones. This is not so difficult to explain: first, the owners enter the house, and the dog then.

You should never feed the dog first, then yourself, be distracted from food. If there is a child in the house, he must also be put above the dog. First, respond to his requests, then - to the dog. Other concepts: friend - enemy, the dog will understand as it is brought up.

All games are started by the owner, he finishes. You can't let yourself be defeated, even in jest. The puppy must know its place, and it must follow the command given to the dog from the first word.

adult dog

The way to raise an adult dog differs from that of a puppy only in some nuances - adaptation takes more time. For the rest, you should act the same way: accustom the place and daily routine, teach commands.

If the dog was taken from the street with pity, then he must be given the opportunity to adapt, gradually accustoming himself to himself and the place, but at the same time not allowing him to take over - the methods of education are the same as when raising a puppy.

It is necessary to analyze what character the animal has.

Frightened animals squat from every shout and sharp gesture, it will be difficult to accustom them;
Aggressive-intimidated ones jump back, cling to the floor and immediately try to attack - in a state of panic they become uncontrollable;
The dominant aggressor, silently attacking not only the owner, but also those around him on a walk, can only be tamed by a dog handler.

Animals with similar psychotypes are difficult to educate.

A foreign adult dog easily adapts and makes friends with a new owner, if at the first meeting she shows a calm interest: she sniffs, gives a pet. You can take the dog, even when he ignores at the first contact - this is how self-confident animals behave.

Contact with a stray dog, even if taken into a sick home and cared for, can be a danger to family members when it recovers. Therefore, it is better to first entrust her to the veterinarian, and only then, having studied the behavior, analyze whether it is worth taking her home or better to leave her in the nursery.

It sounds harsh, but safety comes first.

Nuances of dog education

How to educate if the dog snaps at the owner?

An animal demonstrates this behavior in several cases:

trying to take the lead
behavior is based on fear;
the owner is in clear danger, and this is a warning.

In the latter case, the animal tries not to cause pain to the owner - it drags its teeth and barks, and other cases need to be corrected from the first attempt to display disobedience. The dog becomes angry because of mistakes in education.

An animal must not be allowed:

showed aggression while eating when the owner comes to the bowl;
occupied the "upper tier" - sat down or lay down above the owner and snarled when he was placed on the litter;
growled when putting on the collar;
did not execute commands.

It is impossible when adjusting behavior:

to beat the animal - it is enough to whip the leash on the thigh once;
shouting at him - only metal in his voice, and no tantrums, such behavior is a demonstration of weakness;
leave without food or water - so you can finally embitter the animal;
locking in a cage or leaving one for a long time - these measures will completely upset the dog's psyche.

If you cannot extinguish the aggression on your own, you should contact the instructor. If he fails to correct the owner’s mistakes, he will have to give the animal into “good hands”, otherwise it will be dangerous.

Sometimes you have to solve the inverse problem of how to raise an angry dog. If you want to aggravate aggressiveness, to achieve that the dog attacks the enemy when expressing aggression and protects from strangers, you need to contact the instructor.

You can not set the animal on yourself or your family.

The main condition for such upbringing is that the owner must be able to stop aggression with a shout. To make a dog angry, you must first achieve complete obedience, otherwise aggression will be manifested in relation to the "members of the pack."

Very often, a pet without any training shows fighting qualities and protects the owner and family members from danger. If only positive emotions come from the owners, it should not be otherwise. The owners for her are family members.

How to train a guard dog?

First of all, you should choose the right breed - the animal must have a stable psyche.

The dog will have to learn the following skills:

distinguish strangers from their own;
do not take food from the hands of strangers;
be able to cling to an arm or leg and disarm an armed enemy.

The best guards are shepherd dogs of all kinds. They easily comprehend science - "Let everyone in and no one
release". But Caucasians and pit bulls can break loose and bite an uninvited guest. It is advisable to teach how to attack a possible enemy and disarm his guard dog with the help of an instructor.