Abstract: “Medicinal plants used in diseases of the liver and biliary tract. Medicinal plants and raw materials of choleretic action

Choleretic plants are called plants that can increase the secretion of bile, activating, accelerating its entry into the duodenum. Such plants and herbs have been used by traditional medicine for hundreds of years in the treatment of diseases of the gallbladder, in particular, gallstone disease, cholecystitis.

Most often, such plants are included in a variety of choleretic herbal preparations that can be bought at any pharmacy. Traditional medicine uses medicinal preparations based on these plants. For example, herbal preparations are often prescribed during treatment: cholenzym, allochol, lyobil, as well as nikodin, liv-52, flamin and many others.

Today we will get acquainted with some highly effective choleretic herbs, we will talk about medicinal plants that help to activate the production, output of bile:

Sandy immortelle

For therapeutic purposes, dried immortelle flower buds are used. They contain flavonoids and their glycosides. It also contains some tannins, bitterness, essential oil, as well as vitamin K and sterols. These substances cause the choleretic effect of the plant.

Decoctions are prepared from immortelle flowers, which are used in the treatment of gallstone disease. Immortelle-based preparations are taken for the treatment of chronic cholecystitis, hepatitis, and in the treatment of biliary dyskinesia. Flowers are often included in pharmaceutical choleretic preparations.

Corn silk

Traditional medicine uses a medicinal extract based on corn stigmas to treat various diseases of the liver, gallbladder, accompanied by insufficient bile secretion. Means prepared from them are included in the treatment of cholecystitis, cholangitis, hepatitis. In addition, they are used to eliminate bleeding, since the stigmas contain vitamin K, which increases the level of prothrombin in the blood, increasing its clotting. Also, corn stigmas are used in the treatment of kidneys, as they have a diuretic effect.

Volodushka golden

This plant occupies an honorable third place in providing a choleretic effect after immortelle flowers and corn stigmas. The therapeutic effect is associated with the composition of its leaves. Volodushka contains a number of flavonoids, saponins and tannins. There is a lot of essential oil, the most important for health ascorbic acid.

common goldenrod

An aqueous infusion is prepared from the plant, which is used as an effective diuretic. The infusion actively removes excess water from the body along with salts. Therefore, goldenrod is used to treat inflammation of the kidneys and bladder. Means based on goldenrod are used in the treatment of rheumatism, gout, and edema. In addition, the plant is effectively used in the treatment of gallstone disease.

Gorse dyeing

The plant is rich in alkaloids (methylcytisine, spartein, cytisine), as well as flavone glycosides (genestein, luteolin). Contains valuable essential oil and many other substances. All of them contribute to the treatment of many diseases, as they have choleretic, hemostatic, laxative properties.

Cornflower blue

Traditional medicine recommends funds based on it for the treatment of kidney diseases, urinary and gallbladder, liver. Cornflower has a diuretic, choleretic property. The plant is used in the treatment of poor digestion, as a tonic, bitter remedy that improves the condition of the gastrointestinal tract.

Barberry common

For therapeutic purposes, the root system, shrub leaves are used. They contain the valuable substance berberine, which is used to produce the drug "berberine sulfate", which has the property of activating the secretion of bile. This drug is taken to treat chronic hepatitis, cholecystitis, as well as hepatocholecystitis and cholelithiasis.

Barberry is also used to lower blood pressure, to increase heart rate. Means prepared on its basis are used in the postpartum period to enhance uterine contractions. A choleretic alcohol tincture is prepared from the Far Eastern barberry.

Common tansy

The yellow flowers of the plant are often included in choleretic preparations, which are used in the treatment of cholecystitis, cholongitis, and are used in cholelithiasis. In addition, an infusion of dried flowers, tansy herb powder is used to get rid of certain types of worms, such as roundworm, pinworms. Tansy is used for jaundice, epilepsy. Tansy is also a well-known laxative.

It is impossible to immediately describe in detail all the known medicinal plants of choleretic action, since there are a lot of them. For example, birch buds, milk thistle grass, buckthorn bark, and rose hips have properties to activate bile secretion. Apply the leaves of skumpia, lily of the valley grass, as well as the root of turmeric and calamus.

In recent years, phytotherapy, folk herbal treatment, the use of medicinal plants have received well-deserved recognition. The success of this approach to the treatment of diseases is scientifically substantiated, confirmed by numerous studies, substantiated by centuries of experience in herbal treatment.

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List of choleretic herbs

If we present a more detailed list of herbs that can expel bile from the body, then the following choleretic plants should be included in it:

tansy;
knotweed;
elecampane;
nettle;
celandine;
rose hip;
calamus root;
birch leaf;
mountain arnica;
goose cinquefoil;
corn silk;
immortelle sandy;
common dandelion.

Cholagogue medicines on herbs

Not everyone likes to drink herbal infusion and use folk remedies to stimulate the secretion of bile, so herbal medicines are an excellent alternative. Choleretic agents of this type are represented by tablets and capsules. For most people, taking such a drug for such an ailment as cholestasis and other disorders of this type is much more pleasant and convenient.

Treatment is usually carried out with one of the following drugs:

Allochol;
Insadol;
Peridol;
Sibektan;
Tanacehol;
Cholagol;
Hofitol.

Whatever name attracts attention, it is important not to forget that treatment with herbal remedies (regardless of what is diagnosed in a patient - cholestasis or other pathology of the gallbladder) is carried out only after agreement with the doctor. Taking them, like choleretic herbs, with stagnation of bile is allowed only under his control and in the dosage indicated by the specialist.

The mechanism of action of bile-excreting plants

Any choleretic herb can have one of the following mechanisms of action on the human body. The tone of the muscles of the bladder increases, and as a result of its contractions, the bile is, as it were, “squeezed out” into the duct. Tansy and corn stigmas have a similar effect on the bile. These are herbs endowed with a particularly pronounced bile-excreting property.

It should be noted: against the background of an increase in the tone of the bile ducts, their diameter decreases. Therefore, removing bile from the body with such herbs is prohibited for people who have calculi in the gallbladder that can block the duct. In such a situation, surgical intervention, alas, cannot be avoided.

Some choleretic herbs during stagnation (cholestasis) help stabilize the chemical composition of bile, and also make it more fluid.

Due to this, there is an improvement in the outflow of bile from the bladder. A similar property is demonstrated by such a plant as agrimony, initial letter and celandine. The positive effect of these herbs is that they improve the general condition of the bladder and normalize liver function.

When taking certain biliary herbs, there is increased pressure in the digestive organs. Because of this, a considerable amount of water enters the bile. She, diluting bile, helps her better outflow. If we talk about plants that have this effect, we should remember the birch leaf.

There are herbs endowed with antispasmodic properties. They help to relax the muscles of the biliary tract, thereby increasing their throughput. Due to this effect, the bile from the bladder is released in a larger volume. The most common medicinal plant with a similar effect is dandelion. For treatment, the roots and leaves of the plant are used. In addition, dandelion has an analgesic effect, so it is also used to relieve colic.

All herbs have different properties. In situations where more than one problem needs to be solved, they are often used together, making up multicomponent fees.

Indications and contraindications

You can use folk remedies for stagnation of bile to treat various pathologies. They are prescribed to maintain the normal function of the bile ducts, with small volumes of bile, with indigestion and other gastrointestinal problems. Cholagogue herbs help, and if a large amount of toxins have accumulated in the body, and the liver needs support to remove them.

(non-calculous form) - inflammation of the bile reservoir. Against the background of this disease, the outflow of bile is difficult and both its stagnation and the development of pathogenic microflora are observed. A mandatory indication for taking herbs is cholestasis. As a rule, this condition is characterized by a decrease in the flow of bile into the duodenum due to problems in its formation or a deterioration in excretion against the background of certain pathological processes. But choleretic herbs are no less useful for pancreatitis, giardiasis.

Although any fruit or herb is a natural product, it can cause harm. The following conditions are contraindications to taking biliary plants:

colic;
viral hepatitis;
acute type of cholecystitis;
stones in the gall;
excessive liver toxicity.

In the latter situation, the use of herbal infusions will only exacerbate the problem. The same picture is observed with the growth of stones in the gallbladder. If stagnation is treated in this way, then uncontrolled movement of stones can be caused, which often leads to blockage of the ducts. In this case, only a surgeon can help. The prognosis will directly depend on the timely detection of the problem and the provision of medical care.

Children's biliary products

The child's body is different from the body of an adult, therefore, the reaction to the same plant can be unpredictable. Before proceeding with treatment, it is necessary to consult a doctor about how safe choleretic herbs are for children and whether they are allowed to be taken by babies. Most experts do not advise giving herbs that have a strong choleretic effect to girls and boys under the age of 12.

For young children, a regular diet is much more beneficial, including choleretic foods such as tomatoes, cauliflower, cabbage, carrots, pumpkin, citrus fruits, green leafy vegetables, and vegetable fats. If the need for biliary preparations has not disappeared, then before you start using them, you need to consult a pediatrician. He will establish the cause of the disease and choose a remedy that will most effectively and safely eliminate the problem.

Alas, it is quite difficult to know in advance which remedy will be effective in a particular situation. That is why it is advised to opt for biliary preparations, which have a multilateral action. This will help resolve the issue quickly. But it is worth remembering that the choleretic collection is not an ordinary tea. It is drunk in small quantities shortly before meals. Also, do not forget that the reception of even such a harmless remedy should first be agreed with the attending doctor.

Datura LEAVES - FOLIA STRAMONII

Datura ordinary - Datura stramonium L.

Sem. nightshade - Solanaceae

Alkaloids - hyoscyamine and scopolamine

Datura oil

19 Lr containing alkaloids with a choleretic effect. Give the Latin names of raw materials, producing plants, families. Indicate the raw material base, chemical composition, preparations.

BARBERRY LEAVES - FOLIA BERBERIDIS

BARBERIS ROOTS - RADICES BERBERIDIS

BARBERRY ROOT BARK - CORTEX RADICES BERBERIDIS

Common barberry - Berberis vulgaris L.

Amur barberry - Berberis amurensis Rupr.

Berberine bisulfate (Berberini bisulfas) is available in tablets

20 Lr, used for the treatment of patients with neoplasms. Give the Latin names of raw materials, producing plants, families. Indicate the raw material base, chemical composition, preparations.

Sem. poppy - Papaveraceae

RHIZOMATA CUM RADICIBUS PODOPHYLLI RHIZOMATA CUM RADICIBUS PODOPHYLLI

Thyroid podophyllum - Podophyllum peltatum L.

Sem. barberry - Berberidaceae

Interest has arisen in podophyllin as a drug that inhibits the growth of malignant tumors.

Formulas: lignanam

21 Marsupial used in obstetric and gynecological practice. Give Latin names. Indicate the raw material base, chemical composition, application, preparations.

ERGO HORN - SECALE CORNUTUM

Ergot - Claviceps purpurea Tulasne

Sem. ergot - Clavicepitaceae

Class marsupials - Ascomycetes

pharmacological properties. Ergot alkaloids have an effect on the muscles of the uterus. They also have sedative and hypotensive properties, exhibit an adrenolytic effect and are used for neurosis, vasospasm, hypertension and other diseases.

Medicines. Ergometrine maleate (tablets, solution in ampoules - list B); ergotamine hydrotartrate (solution in ampoules, solution in vials, dragees). Complex preparation "Belloid". "Ergotal" - a mixture of phosphates of ergot alkaloids. Infusion of ergot horns. alkaloid ergotoxin

22 Lr of the poppy family, which have a strong antimicrobial effect. Give the Latin names of raw materials, producing plants, families. Indicate the raw material base, chemical composition, preparations.

Celandine HERB - HERBA CHELIDONII

Great celandine - Chelidonium majus L.

Sem. poppy - Papaveraceae

In the experiment, celandine preparations cause a delay in the growth of malignant tumors and have a fungistatic and bacteriostatic effect on Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

Medicines. Grass celandine, infusion.

isoquinoline derivatives: protoberberine alkaloids (berberine, coptosine, etc.),

protopine alkaloids (protopine, allocryptopine)

Macleaya herb-herba Macleayae

Maclea cordate-Macleaya cordata

Poppy Raw Material - Papaveraceae

Contains isoquinoline alkaloids - sanguinarine

Preparations-Sangviritrin has an antibacterial effect

Cholagogue preparations- These are substances of plant or synthetic origin that enhance the separation of bile by stimulating the liver. Medicines either increase the content of bile acids, or increase the excretion of bile into the intestines. Some tools combine both actions.

Types and list of drugs

All means for regulating the production and secretion of bile are divided according to the mechanism of action into the following groups:

Such a classification is to a certain extent conditional, since each choleretic drug has all the indicated properties, simply expressed to varying degrees. According to the predominance of the effect, the drugs were divided into groups.

Choleretics

This group includes:

true, made from the bile of cattle or extracts (concentrated extracts) of herbs that can increase the amount of bile;
synthetic, copying the natural action;
decoctions and infusions of medicinal plants;
hydrocholeretics, which increase the volume of bile produced by diluting it with water.

True
Allochol	Contains dry bile, garlic and nettle extract, activated charcoal. It enhances the synthesis of bile and its secretion, while suppressing putrefactive processes.
Holenzim	It contains dry bile, dried pancreas and intestinal mucosa of cattle. In addition to natural bile, it also contains digestive enzymes.
holagol	Contains Turmeric Root, Peppermint Oil, Eucalyptus Oil, Olive Oil, and Magnesium Salicylate. Choleretic agent with antispasmodic action.
Synthetic
tsikvalon	A derivative of cyclohexanone, has a choleretic and anti-inflammatory effect.
Nicodin	In the composition - an organic acid of synthetic origin, an additional antimicrobial effect.
Odeston	Contains the substance gimecromon, which acts as a choleretic and antispasmodic. Relaxes the bile ducts and the sphincter of Oddi, reduces bile stasis and the process of cholesterol crystallization, prevents the formation of gallstones.
Herbal preparations
Flamin	In the composition - flavonoids of immortelle flowers, increases the production of bile, reduces its viscosity, improves digestion of food, suppresses bacteria.
Tanacehol	Tansy flower extract changes the chemical composition of bile, increases its synthesis and excretion.
Berberine	The extract of the roots and leaves of barberry is contraindicated in pregnancy.
Hydrocholeretics
Salicylates (phenylbutazone, ibuprofen, indomethacin and others)	Increase the volume of bile produced, dilute it.
Valerian preparations	Weak choleretic and antispasmodic effect, improves the condition of the mucous membrane of the digestive canal.
Alkaline mineral waters - Essentuki, Naftusya, Arzni, Jermuk	It has a complex effect on the digestive system and excretory organs.

cholekinetics

Substances accelerate the secretion of bile, have an antispasmodic effect. These are the drugs:

Platifillin - normalizes the tone of the gallbladder, is especially effective in dyskinesia;
Papaverine - reduces the tone of all smooth muscles, improves blood supply to internal organs;
Drotaverine (No-shpa) - exceeds the effectiveness of papaverine, stops all spastic conditions;
Magnesium sulfate (Kormagnesin) - a natural calcium antagonist, relaxes smooth muscles;
Sugar substitutes - Sorbitol, Xylitol, accelerate the process of bile expulsion;
Rosehip-based preparations - Holosas, Holemaks and others.

Cholespasmolytics

These drugs eliminate spasms, relax the biliary tract. Medicines can be of chemical or herbal origin. These include:

Drugs that prevent the formation of gallstones

These are drugs based on ursodeoxycholic and similar acids. It is a bile acid, a natural hepatoprotector. Reduces cholesterol in bile, reduces the production of inflammatory mediators. Helps dissolve gallstones, prevents the formation of new stones. These are the drugs:

Urdox;
Ursolite;
Ursofalk and the like.

Many dietary supplements are sold in the pharmacy network, but they should be treated with caution, since their pharmacokinetics are not studied a priori.

For the treatment of children, only preparations based on natural animal bile or synthetic agents, the pharmacokinetics of which are well studied, can be used. Herbal medicines containing several herbs are not recommended for children under 12 years of age, because plants have a variety of effects that cannot be taken into account.

In all cases, a consultation with a pediatrician or a pediatric gastroenterologist is required; no medicines can be given to children without the permission of a doctor.

The following drugs are considered harmless to children:

The doctor calculates the dose of drugs, focusing on the weight of the child and the severity of his condition. On the recommendation of the attending physician, children can be given mineral alkaline waters in an age dosage. After 12 years, you can use all other medicines that are recommended for adults.

What choleretic drug is better to choose?

For different diseases, the choice of drugs will be different.

It is better not to make independent decisions, but to follow the recommendations of a gastroenterologist. These recommendations are general and cannot be used for self-medication.

With hypertensive type:

Any cholespasmolytics that quickly relieve pain - Drotaverin, No-shpa, Odeston, Duspatalin;
Cholekinetics to improve outflow - Magnesia, Holosas, Sorbitol.

Choleretic and hydrocholeretic drugs are not recommended; when they are taken, the condition worsens. Mineral water is also not needed (unless otherwise recommended by a doctor).

Antispasmodics are taken for several days, until the pain subsides. Cholekinetics are taken for a long time, sometimes several weeks, until the outflow of bile is normalized.

With hypotonic dyskinesia:

Choleretics who take almost constantly or with short breaks - Allohol, Nicodin, Tanacehol;
Myotropic antispasmodics - Odeston, Duspatalin;
Alkaline mineral waters, which, with regular use, resist aggravation.

With this form of dyskinesia, cholekinetics are undesirable. Antispasmodics are taken for about a week, and mineral water is drunk as often as possible, preferably daily.

Cholecystitis

First of all, you need to know if there are stones in the gallbladder. If they are, then they take means to dissolve them - Urdox, Ursofalk and the like.

If there are no stones, then antispasmodics (for pain) and choleretics are used, and synthetic ones are better - Odeston, Oxafenamide and others. Antibacterial drugs are almost always required, but the doctor will prescribe them after the examination.

Gastroenterologists know that the pancreas becomes inflamed after the gallbladder. These diseases always go hand in hand. If there are stones in the gallbladder, then pancreatitis will most likely be severe and prolonged. Acute pancreatitis and exacerbation of chronic pancreatitis are surgical diseases, so it is unlikely that you will be able to choose drugs on your own.

In case of a mild exacerbation, you can use such medicines:

Allochol;
Ursosan;
Holosas;
Nicodin.

Contraindications

Contraindications to the use of choleretic agents can be relatively divided into absolute and relative. In a particular clinical situation, these circumstances may change places.

Other methods to improve the outflow of bile

It is impossible to rely only on medicines, the basis of recovery is a lifestyle corresponding to the disease.

Food

This is the basis without which normal well-being is impossible. Dietary table No. 5 according to Pevzner is used. You need to eat every 3 hours, the serving should be the size of a palm. Such fractional nutrition allows the gallbladder to produce bile evenly, to avoid stagnation and stone formation.

Experiments with the use of prohibited foods always lead to an aggravation.

A bonus with proper nutrition is healthy uniform weight loss and vigor, which is unattainable in other ways.

Gymnastics

Exercise is beneficial at any age and in almost any underlying health condition. An increase in physical activity improves digestion, blood flow and metabolism, which always improves the general condition.

We offer a few simple exercises that you need to perform gradually and slowly, stopping with belching and pain. It is better to start with 2-3 repetitions, gradually increasing the time of classes:

It is advisable to lie on your back in the middle of the complex so that the muscles can completely relax.

Summary

The main thing that people with diseases of the liver and pancreas need to understand is that one-time actions for treatment and recovery bring a one-time result. You can live well and long with these diseases if you change all your eating and behavioral habits so that exacerbations almost never occur.

prokishechnik.info

What is bile and bile stasis?

Bile- biologically active fluid, which is the end product of the activity of hepatocytes. It has a special smell, extremely bitter taste, yellow, green and brown hues.

From the moment of formation to excretion, there are 3 stages:

If bile does not enter the intestinal section and stagnates, doctors diagnose cholestasis - stagnation of bile.

As a result, lipid metabolism is disturbed, cholesterol and glucose accumulate in the blood, calculi form in the gallbladder, and the risk of atherosclerosis increases.

Causes of stagnant processes

Stagnation of bile can be localized in any of the areas of promotion of the secret. Hepatic congestion is observed due to structural changes in the liver, damage to the organ by pathogenic microorganisms.

In the gallbladder and ducts, the pathological accumulation of bile occurs due to the following reasons:

Chronic diseases of the digestive system predispose to the development of secondary ailments. Bile stasis is one of the most common complications.

Among the risk factors that predispose to the development of any of these causes, it is worth highlighting: the abuse of fatty and sweet foods, as a result - excess weight, addiction to alcoholic beverages and drugs, an inactive lifestyle, resection of the gallbladder.

Symptoms of bile stasis

The pathological accumulation of bile secretion, due to the containment of their further advancement, is fraught with characteristic symptoms:

discolored stools, dark urine;
pruritus due to the accumulation of bile acids in the blood plasma;
intestinal disorders or constipation;
paroxysmal dull pain in the upper quadrant of the abdomen on the right, rarely - colic;
heartburn, followed by the formation of bitterness, dry mouth and unpleasant odor;
feeling of nausea and vomiting.

Contraindications

When identifying symptoms characteristic of cholestasis, it is strictly prohibited:

self-medicate - given the serious violations in the digestive system, the wrong treatment tactics can seriously aggravate the pathological process;
use choleretic drugs before ultrasound, since the presence of stones is a strict contraindication;
take alcohol and potent drugs that adversely affect the liver;
include fatty, fried, sour, cold foods in the diet.

Treatment

Drugs for stagnation of bile and biliary dyskinesia are divided into several groups:

natural remedies provide the safest effect on the body with a minimal likelihood of side effects. They are low cost and are available in the form of syrups, alcohol tinctures, tablets, tea mixtures.
Synthetic, despite the artificial origin, give a more pronounced therapeutic effect.
In addition, drugs with animal bile extract are of particular importance., these are Allohol, Hologon, Liobil, Hologon, Holenzim. They improve peristalsis, make bile less thick, some of them contain real enzymes produced by the pancreas.

Classification of choleretic drugs

The classification of drugs for bile stasis is based on the chemical structure of each of the drugs and their therapeutic effect. They affect the body in different ways, so they are prescribed by a gastroenterologist on an individual basis.

There are 5 main types in total:

Choleretics- stimulate the production of bile by hepatocytes.
Cholespasmolytics- relax the muscles of the gallbladder, eliminate spasms.
cholekinetics- weaken the walls of the bile ducts and increase the tone of the gallbladder.
Hydrocholeretics. Increase the percentage of water content in bile.
Litholytic drugs. Dissolve already formed calculi in the gallbladder.