Does a cyst interfere with pregnancy. Ovarian cyst and pregnancy: what is the danger of education. Can a cyst give a positive test

A cyst during pregnancy is a cavity that can form inside any internal organ, both before and during pregnancy. The cyst is most often filled with fluid, the contents depend on the mechanism of its formation and on the tissue or organ where this cyst was formed.

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Is it possible to get pregnant with a cyst?

Whether pregnancy is possible with a cyst worries many women. Pregnancy in the presence of a cyst is usually possible. Since, often, cysts are functional in nature, periodically arising and disappearing on their own. Pregnancy can be prevented by multiple ovarian cysts (polycystic) and endometrioid. But the elimination of such cysts maximizes the ability to conceive a child, for this you need to contact a gynecologist who will prescribe the appropriate therapy - surgical removal of the cyst and conservative therapy aimed at eliminating the causes that caused the formation of the cyst.

Ovarian cyst and pregnancy planning

Ovarian cyst and pregnancy planning is a very important issue and should be decided by a woman together with an obstetrician-gynecologist. There are such cysts that must be unequivocally removed first, and then engaged in pregnancy planning, these include endometrioid, multiple, paraovarian, cervical cysts, dermoid cysts. Ideally, you must first cure the cyst, and then plan the child so that during pregnancy you do not worry about how the cyst will behave - it will disappear or begin to grow and become complicated by inflammation, torsion, bleeding, which will negatively affect the course of pregnancy, on the woman herself and on the child. As a rule, the presence of functional cysts (follicular and luteal) is not a contraindication for pregnancy planning.

How does a cyst affect pregnancy?

How a cyst affects pregnancy worries many women who have a cyst.

A cyst may not affect the course of pregnancy and the development of the fetus in any way, in addition, some cysts, such as functional ones, are able to dissolve on their own during pregnancy.
A cyst during pregnancy may begin to increase in size, which increases the risk of its complications - torsion of the cyst leg, inflammation and suppuration of the cyst, its rupture and bleeding, which will significantly complicate the course of pregnancy and negatively affect the pregnant woman and the condition of the fetus.

Pregnancy after cyst removal

It is better to plan pregnancy after cyst removal after passing a certain course of therapy that normalizes hormonal levels. It takes anywhere from two months to six months, approximately the same amount of time is needed to restore ovarian function. When pregnancy occurs after removal of the cyst, a woman should be registered in a timely manner and regularly observed by a doctor.

Symptoms of a cyst during pregnancy

Symptoms of a cyst during pregnancy may be absent or non-specific - there may be a feeling of heaviness and pain in the lower abdomen, in the lumbar region. Severe symptoms of a cyst appear when it is complicated (suppuration, torsion, rupture). In such cases, there is an increase in temperature, acute pain in the lower abdomen, a drop in pressure, impaired consciousness, cold sweat and pallor of the skin. That requires immediate surgical intervention.

Cyst in early pregnancy

A cyst in early pregnancy can be detected by ultrasound. As a rule, in the early stages of pregnancy, the cyst does not adversely affect the body of a woman and a child. Moreover, it is believed that the presence of cysts in the early stages is a variant of the norm due to the restructuring of the female body. Quite often, cysts found in early pregnancy are able to resolve. Having found a cyst in the early stages, it is necessary to carefully monitor it in order to prevent its possible complication in time.

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Cyst of the right or left ovary during pregnancy

Cysts of the right or left ovary during pregnancy are usually asymptomatic. And for a pregnant woman, it does not really matter where the cyst is located - on the right or on the left. Differences in clinical presentation may occur if the cyst becomes complicated. With a complication of a cyst of the right ovary, acute pain worries more on the right, and the proximity of the location of the caecum can mimic appendicitis. With a complication of a cyst of the left ovary, acute pain may be more on the left.

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Cyst of the corpus luteum (luteal) during pregnancy

A cyst of the corpus luteum (luteal) during pregnancy usually does not affect it in any way. The cyst of the corpus luteum of the ovary is functional, it is formed due to the accumulation of fluid in the place of the corpus luteum, due to rupture of the follicle. In rare cases, the cyst may be filled with blood. It occurs against the background of hormonal disorders and almost always disappears on its own.

Clinically, the cyst of the corpus luteum does not manifest itself, but sometimes nonspecific symptoms can be observed, such as heaviness and soreness in the lower abdomen, in the lower back. In extremely rare cases, a corpus luteum cyst is complicated by torsion or rupture, which is accompanied by acute pain, decreased pressure, pallor of the skin and requires surgical intervention.

If a cyst of the corpus luteum is found during pregnancy, you should not panic, because in this case the cyst performs the function of the corpus luteum, namely, it produces the hormone progesterone, which is necessary for the preservation and proper course of pregnancy. The cyst differs from the corpus luteum only in its structure. As a rule, a corpus luteum cyst exists up to 12 weeks of pregnancy, and then gradually disappears. This is due to the fact that the formed placenta now begins to perform the function of the corpus luteum cyst. But, in any case, careful monitoring of the cyst throughout the pregnancy with the help of ultrasound is necessary.

Endometrioid ovarian cyst and pregnancy

Endometrioid ovarian cyst and pregnancy is a controversial issue. In the vast majority of cases, it is believed that this cyst can cause childlessness, although there are pregnant women who have this particular type of ovarian cyst. What is an endometrioid cyst? An endometrioid ovarian cyst is one of the signs of a disease such as endometriosis, when the cells of the inner layer of the uterus (endometrium) are located in places that are unusual for them, in this case in the ovary. An endometrioid cyst, especially a small one, may not manifest itself clinically and is discovered incidentally during an ultrasound examination. With a large size of such a cyst, the following symptoms may be noted:

menstrual disorders,
it is possible to highlight a smearing character before and after critical days,
severe pain during critical days,
pain during intercourse or bowel movements
inability to conceive a child.

After elimination of the endometrioid cyst, the chances for pregnancy are very high. In addition, the earlier such a cyst is treated, the less traumatic it is, it gives a better result and a favorable prognosis.

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Why can an endometrioid cyst lead to infertility?

endometriosis is always accompanied by a violation of the hormonal background of a woman, which can lead to infertility.
the structure of the ovary changed by the cyst leads to disruption of its functioning. Because endometriosis is characterized by the formation of adhesions, which is accompanied by the growth of connective tissue and, as a result, the egg is not able to leave the ovary and its fertilization becomes impossible.

But there are cases when such a cyst is determined in a pregnant woman and such a pregnancy ends with the birth of a healthy child. Therefore, to say unambiguously that an endometrioid cyst leads to infertility is not always true, although it all depends on the severity of endometriosis.

When a cyst of this type is first detected on ultrasound in a pregnant woman, she should not particularly worry about it, because. in such cases, the cyst is small, does not bring discomfort and does not complicate the course of pregnancy. But it is worth being more attentive to the condition of the pregnant woman, both on the part of doctors and on her part. Often, after the birth of a child, a woman is asked to remove this cyst.

Follicular ovarian cyst and pregnancy

Follicular ovarian cyst and pregnancy - their relationship? The follicular cyst is functional, it occurs when, for some reason, ovulation does not occur and a bubble with liquid contents forms at the site of egg maturation. And since ovulation does not occur, then the conception of a child will not occur. However, this does not mean that pregnancy is completely impossible, ovulation can occur in the other ovary, which will lead to pregnancy. In cases where pregnancy has occurred in the presence of a follicular cyst, it can proceed without complications, especially if the cyst is small (up to 6 cm), in addition, the cyst may disappear on its own by the 15-20th week. But sometimes the presence of a follicular cyst is dangerous for a pregnant woman, since a cyst, especially if it is large (more than eight centimeters) and continues to grow, can become complicated:

Torsion of the ovary or cyst legs, which occurs when the position of the body changes. There is an acute pain in the groin from the side of the cyst, a decrease in blood pressure, the appearance of cold sweat and a feeling of fear. In this case, urgent surgical intervention is necessary.
Rupture of a cyst (in 10-15% of cases), which is manifested by a sharp piercing pain. Emergency surgical therapy is indicated.
Internal bleeding that occurs when a cyst ruptures at the location of a blood vessel. The clinical picture depends on the severity of bleeding, pallor of the skin, decreased pressure, lethargy, lethargy up to a state of shock is possible. Treatment is usually emergency surgery.

Given the possible complications of the follicular cyst, close monitoring of the pregnant woman under ultrasound control is necessary. If the cyst continues to grow, then surgical removal will be considered, either laparoscopically or through an incision in the abdominal wall to avoid complications.

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Paraovarian cyst and pregnancy

Placental cyst during pregnancy

A placental cyst during pregnancy is the result of an inflammatory process:

early pregnancy - the formation of a cyst of the placenta is an adaptive reaction that protects against the effects of inflammation and is considered as a variant of the norm (up to 20 weeks).
The formation of a placental cyst in late pregnancy indicates a recent inflammatory process in the placenta.

The placental cyst has no blood supply and is demarcated from the entire placenta. In the case of the presence of single, small cysts of the placenta, this does not affect the condition of the fetus. And if the whales are multiple, large, then placental insufficiency may occur, the fetus may not receive enough oxygen, which will affect its development. In such cases, placental insufficiency is prevented by prescribing appropriate medications. The obstetrician-gynecologist chooses the tactics of conducting pregnancy in the presence of placental cysts.

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Functional cyst and pregnancy

A functional cyst and pregnancy can successfully co-exist. This cyst is the most common form of cystic formation and one of the safest. It is usually small in size and capable of spontaneous resorption. Clinical symptoms are not shown. Functional ovarian cyst is divided into:

Follicular - is formed at the site of maturation of the egg, in the case when ovulation has not occurred.
Luteal - is formed at the site of the corpus luteum after the rupture of the follicle (yellow cyst).

Against the background of a functional cyst, pregnancy is possible. The presence of such a cyst during pregnancy usually does not disturb its course and does not affect the development of the fetus. But sometimes, increasing in size, the cyst can give a complication - torsion of the pedicle of the cyst or ovary, rupture of the cyst and hemorrhage, which is accompanied by a pronounced clinical picture - acute pain, decreased pressure, pale skin, cold sweat, etc. A complicated cyst requires emergency surgery. Therefore, the presence of a functional cyst in a pregnant woman requires its strict control using ultrasound throughout the pregnancy. In case of suspicion of a gradual increase in the cyst, the question of its removal in a pregnant woman may be considered, without waiting for complications. But in some cases, a functional cyst resolves on its own during pregnancy.

Dermoid ovarian cyst and pregnancy

Dermoid ovarian cyst and pregnancy require careful monitoring. A dermoid cyst is a benign ovarian tumor that occurs as a result of a violation of embryonic development. The dermoid cyst is represented by the tissues of the human body - skin, hair, nails, teeth, etc. In 90% of cases, such a cyst is unilateral. A characteristic feature of the dermoid cyst is its constant, slow growth. Therefore, the sooner it is removed, the better.

With the initial detection of a dermoid cyst during pregnancy, strict monitoring is necessary. Such a cyst does not affect the development of the child, but the course of pregnancy can complicate. Because the growth of the uterus is accompanied by some displacement of organs, including the dermoid cyst, which can lead to its torsion, infringement and its ischemic, necrotic changes or to a violation of its integrity. Therefore, the identified dermoid cyst during pregnancy must be removed. The cyst is removed after 16 weeks of pregnancy, unless there is evidence for its earlier removal. Sometimes, at the discretion of the doctor, depending on the size of the dermoid cyst, observation tactics are possible for it and it is removed after childbirth.

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Kidney cyst during pregnancy

A kidney cyst during pregnancy requires careful attention from the doctor.

If the cyst is solitary (solitary), small and not complicated by renal hypertension, then pregnancy is possible, proceeds without complications and ends safely.
The presence of polycystic disease - a large number of cysts in both kidneys, is unfavorable for the course of pregnancy. Polycystic kidney disease is a rare hereditary disease, and the preservation of pregnancy in this pathology is decided on an individual basis, depending on the severity of functional disorders of the kidneys. Often, pregnancy is not recommended for women with polycystic kidney disease. they are characterized by early development of renal failure, which is aggravated by pregnancy and also, chronic pyelonephritis is exacerbated. Patients with polycystic disease in late pregnancy often develop arterial hypertension and eclampsia, and it is also possible to inherit this defect from their child.
With numerous cysts in the renal pyramids (spongy kidney), kidney failure usually does not develop. This pathology is bilateral and is characterized by pain in the lumbar region, the presence of hematuria and pyuria. Pregnancy with this pathology is possible, its course is usually favorable. Possible exacerbation of pyelonephritis during pregnancy.

Bartholin's cyst during pregnancy

A Bartholin gland cyst during pregnancy is a limited accumulation of secretion in the gland located on the eve of the vagina, due to blockage of its duct. A cyst occurs due to:

sexually transmitted infections - chlamydia, gonorrhea, trichomoniasis,
nonspecific infections - streptococcus, Escherichia coli,
decrease in immunity
violations of the rules of personal hygiene,
injuries during epilation,
wearing tight underwear
the presence of chronic foci of infection in the body.

If the cyst is not complicated, then it is practically painless and is a swelling in the region of the labia majora (its lower part). A small Bartholin's cyst is asymptomatic and is discovered incidentally during examination by a gynecologist.

There is a high probability of complications of the cyst - it increases in size, suppurates and an abscess forms. What is clinically manifested by deterioration, fever, pain in the perineum. Therefore, a Bartholin gland cyst detected during pregnancy must be removed - it is punctured and the contents are aspirated (this applies to an uncomplicated cyst).

If there is a complicated cyst, it is opened and drained. In this case, it is possible to prescribe antibiotic therapy, depending on the infection that caused it (specific or nonspecific), because. infections, especially specific ones - trichomonas, gonococcus, etc. can cause fetal developmental disorders. If there is no infection, which is confirmed by laboratory data, then dysbacteriosis is possible and it is necessary to normalize the vaginal microflora.

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Tooth cyst during pregnancy

A tooth cyst during pregnancy is a rather serious disease that can worsen. A tooth cyst in the early stages can only be detected radiologically, there are no clinical symptoms. Symptoms occur only when the cyst becomes complicated - it becomes inflamed and suppurates, and this is an additional source of infection that can negatively affect the course of pregnancy. In this regard, dentists recommend performing an X-ray examination of the oral cavity before planning a pregnancy in order to timely eliminate existing problems in the oral cavity and thus remove foci of infection.

The discovered tooth cyst must be removed, but, unfortunately, pregnancy is not a very good time for such events. Therefore, if there is an opportunity to delay surgery, it is better to wait. But in case of inflammation and suppuration of the cyst of the tooth, it is necessary to immediately remove it in order to eliminate the purulent focus of the infection, to prevent its further spread, so as not to aggravate the course of pregnancy. Depending on the severity of the pathological process, the cyst will be removed separately, or the top of the tooth will be resected, or the tooth will be removed along with the cyst.

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Pregnancy and breast cyst

Pregnancy and a breast cyst are absolutely compatible. A breast cyst during pregnancy may disappear, remain unchanged or increase. The appearance or enlargement of a breast cyst during pregnancy is associated with a change in the hormonal state of a woman - an increase in estrogen and the hormone prolactin. But, as a rule, pregnancy and breastfeeding do not affect the breast cyst.

The presence of small cysts in the mammary gland during pregnancy does not require therapy. If a large cyst is noted, then the question of its puncture can be considered, followed by the introduction of air into the cavity of the cyst in order to stick together its walls.

Women with breast cysts are advised to follow a balanced diet to normalize metabolism (the so-called antiestrogen diet) - low-fat meats, dairy products, fish, vegetables and fruits, cereals. It is necessary to minimize the intake of fatty foods, chocolate and coffee, which leads to an increase in cholesterol with subsequent additional formation of estrogens. Pregnant women with cysts of the mammary glands should be regularly observed by an obstetrician-gynecologist.

Thyroid cyst and pregnancy

Thyroid cyst and pregnancy, as a rule, do not complicate each other's course. A thyroid cyst often appears during pregnancy due to:

lack of iodine in the body,
hormonal changes,
decrease in immunity
possible inflammatory processes in the thyroid gland,
nervous strain.

With a slight thyroid cyst, there are no clinical manifestations. With an increase in the cyst, due to compression of nearby organs, there may be - sore throat, cough, difficulty swallowing, discomfort in the neck. If the cyst is complicated by inflammation and suppuration, then the temperature rises, the general condition worsens, which requires surgical intervention, but this happens extremely rarely. Basically, a thyroid cyst during pregnancy does not require therapy and does not complicate its course. But it is necessary to carefully monitor her throughout the pregnancy (palpation, ultrasound of the thyroid gland, a blood test for thyroid hormones). In the case of a large uncomplicated cyst, its removal is transferred to the postpartum period.

Tailbone cyst during pregnancy

A coccyx cyst during pregnancy is a very rare occurrence, since it occurs three times less often in women than in men. The coccyx cyst (epithelial coccygeal passage) is a congenital malformation of the skin and is eliminated exclusively by surgery.

The cyst may exist for a long time and not manifest itself. In the event of a complication of the cyst - the attachment of a bacterial infection, suppuration, fistula formation, pain appears in the sacrococcygeal region, the temperature rises, and general well-being is disturbed. When the cyst complication requires surgical intervention followed by antibiotic therapy. Therefore, if a coccyx cyst is detected before pregnancy, it is better to remove it in a planned manner, without waiting for complications. If the coccyx cyst is found during pregnancy, then the issue of its therapy is decided by the obstetrician-gynecologist together with the surgeon.

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Vaginal cyst during pregnancy

A vaginal cyst during pregnancy occurs most often due to fluid secretion disorders. As a rule, a vaginal cyst is asymptomatic, but it should be monitored throughout pregnancy. Usually such a cyst is not removed during pregnancy. Sometimes pregnant women with a large vaginal cyst are punctured and its contents are sucked off, but this is not for long, because. the cyst subsequently refills with secretion and enlarges. Its radical removal is carried out after childbirth. In the case when the cyst of the vagina can interfere with the process of childbirth through the birth canal, then the pregnant woman undergoes a caesarean section.

Brain cyst during pregnancy

A brain cyst during pregnancy is a rare phenomenon. If the cyst was before pregnancy for a long time, then pregnancy may not affect it, but it is possible that the cyst will begin to increase in size. Quite often, in the presence of a cyst of the brain, as in any other pathology of the brain, a caesarean section is performed. Because it is the optimal method of delivery in conditions of brain pathology, both for a woman and for a child. It is dangerous to go to childbirth through the natural birth canal, because a woman can lose consciousness, and the cyst also tenses during attempts, which can lead to its rupture.

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Retention ovarian cyst and pregnancy

Retention ovarian cyst and pregnancy are quite common and usually do not interfere with each other. Retention cysts occur due to blockage of the ducts of the ovarian glands, and the result of this is the accumulation of secretions. The cause of such cysts is most often an inflammatory process in the ovaries. Retention cysts can be - follicular, luteal and paraovarian, can also occur with endometriosis. The insidiousness of such cysts lies in the fact that they may not manifest themselves in any way, and then become complicated and harm the body, so they require dynamic monitoring, especially during pregnancy. Although the majority of retention cysts are functional in nature, and they are able to dissolve on their own, and do not adversely affect the course of pregnancy.

Paraurethral cyst during pregnancy

A paraurethral cyst (Skeen's gland cyst) is formed near the mouth of the urethra, due to inflammatory processes or injuries. An uncomplicated cyst does not cause any clinical symptoms and is detected incidentally during a gynecological examination. A paraurethral cyst during pregnancy usually does not affect its course and the process of childbirth. Only in the case of its large size, it is possible to change the tactics of conducting labor in the direction of a caesarean section, which is extremely rare. If the paraurethral cyst is not complicated by inflammation, does not cause pain, then during pregnancy it is not touched. Because after the operation, strictures, scar tissue may form, which may not withstand the load during childbirth, which will lead to ruptures of the labia minora and capture the paraurethral region and the urethra itself.

Rupture of a cyst during pregnancy

Rupture of a cyst during pregnancy is a very serious complication and occurs very rarely, in case of untimely detection of a cyst and a pregnant woman seeking medical help (late registration, lack of appropriate examinations).

A rupture of the cyst is indicated by a sharp deterioration in the general condition - fever, acute pain in the lower abdomen, bleeding from the genital organs, nausea, vomiting, impaired consciousness, pallor of the skin, and a drop in blood pressure. When a cyst ruptures, its contents can enter the abdominal cavity, which is accompanied by a high percentage of peritonitis. And this is a real threat to health and life, both for the pregnant woman and for the fetus. This complication requires urgent surgical intervention. Therefore, in order to avoid such a formidable complication, it is necessary to register in a timely manner, undergo all the necessary examinations and be under the strict supervision of an obstetrician-gynecologist throughout pregnancy, especially if any, even the most harmless, cyst is detected.

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Is a cyst dangerous during pregnancy?

Whether a cyst is dangerous during pregnancy is a difficult question. No one knows how the cyst will change during pregnancy. The cyst may remain unchanged or even resolve, which happens in most cases, and the pregnancy will end safely. And if the cyst begins to increase in size, then it becomes dangerous for the pregnant woman and the fetus, because. it can become complicated and will have to be surgically removed during pregnancy in order to save the health and life of the pregnant woman and the child.

What to do with a cyst during pregnancy?

What to do with a cyst during pregnancy is asked by every pregnant woman who has a cyst. The main thing is not to panic, but to be attentive to your situation and health, regularly undergo an examination by an obstetrician-gynecologist and examinations (ultrasound, necessary laboratory tests). At the slightest change in the body, inform the doctor in order to timely diagnose the problem and start therapy, and prevent possible complications of the cyst (torsion, rupture, bleeding). And thus protect yourself and the health of your unborn child.

What to do if the doctor confused the pregnancy with a cyst?

It is impossible to confuse pregnancy with a cyst, especially when performing an ultrasound examination. Only a very inexperienced and incompetent specialist can make such a mistake.

Treatment of cysts during pregnancy

Treatment of a cyst during pregnancy, as a rule, is not carried out, especially if it is a functional and small cyst that can disappear on its own. Basically, during pregnancy, observational tactics are chosen with regular ultrasound examinations. But with growing cysts, when there is a risk of its complications (torsion, rupture, bleeding), a cyst can be punctured with aspiration of the contents or removed using laparoscopy, less often laparotomy, followed by antibiotic therapy. Surgical removal of the cyst is carried out in the second trimester of pregnancy (after 16-18 weeks), removal at an earlier date increases the risk of miscarriage.

Laparoscopy of an ovarian cyst during pregnancy

Laparoscopy of an ovarian cyst during pregnancy, if necessary, is the most optimal and safe method of removing the cyst, both for the pregnant woman and for the fetus. Laparoscopy is a low-traumatic surgical operation that provides excellent visibility and a significant increase in internal organs with small holes on the anterior abdominal wall. With the help of a trocar, three holes are made on the anterior abdominal wall, a camera is inserted into one hole, through which the image will be displayed on the monitor, special surgical instruments are inserted into the other two holes, with the help of which the cyst is removed.

Removing a cyst during pregnancy

Removal of a cyst during pregnancy is carried out, most often, in emergency cases, when the cyst is complicated by torsion, inflammation, bleeding, and it is necessary to save the life of the pregnant woman and the fetus. Removal of a cyst in a pregnant woman can be performed using laparoscopy (most often) and laparotomy - through an incision in the anterior abdominal wall. Anesthesia can be local, regional and general. The choice of anesthesia depends on each individual case and on the extent of the surgical intervention.

A cyst of the left / right ovary is a diagnosis that many women are afraid to hear, it becomes especially alarming if the pathology was detected during pregnancy. Do not rush to panic. Let's figure it out together whether cystic formation is dangerous for mom and baby.

Although cystic formations affect the reproductive system, in most cases they do not prevent conception. An ovarian cyst during pregnancy, as in other periods, mostly proceeds without signs, symptoms appear only with the rapid growth of the cavity or with complications. That is why most expectant mothers are unaware of the presence of a benign formation.

An ovarian cyst during pregnancy, as a rule, is not dangerous either for the body of the expectant mother or for the development of the baby, the consequences can appear only with complications of pathologies. For example, if during pregnancy the cyst of the right ovary rapidly increases in size, then this increases the risk of miscarriage. The danger is both the rupture of the cystic formation and the torsion of the cystic pedicle.

If during pregnancy you have a cyst of the left (right) ovary, but it does not become inflamed and does not grow, then you should not panic. In this case, the treatment consists in monitoring the formation in dynamics, which allows you to take timely measures in case of complications. During pregnancy, the removal of a pathological cyst is indicated, which can cause complications of various kinds. Excision is carried out by laparoscopy, it is safe for the embryo.

Only a doctor can objectively assess the risks that a cystic formation carries. He evaluates the nature of the cyst, its size, and on the basis of this determines the possible danger and prescribes treatment.

Endometrioid ovarian cyst and pregnancy

Among the cystic formations, there are those that prevent conception. This type of pathology includes an endometrioid ovarian cyst: if it was diagnosed and pregnancy nevertheless occurred, then this is an exception to the rule. The possibility of conception with such a pathology before treatment is very low, but it exists. An endometrioid cyst has an effect on the ovaries, but this may be minimal if the cystic formation itself is small.

Regarding the treatment of pathology during pregnancy, gynecologists did not come to a consensus. The doctor must evaluate the cyst and weigh the possible risks, and then suggest treatments. If the endometrioid cyst did not interfere with conception, then most likely it will not affect the course of pregnancy either.

Functional ovarian cyst and pregnancy

A functional ovarian cyst (both follicular and luteal) and pregnancy are compatible. Formations of this type are almost always asymptomatic and do not prevent conception. In the early stages, small functional cysts do not cause discomfort, however, if the formation begins to grow during pregnancy, then discomfort occurs. Functional cysts rarely affect the course of pregnancy, but they require monitoring over time.

The follicular ovarian cyst also refers to functional formations, therefore, with such a physiological anomaly, pregnancy occurs. The cyst does not affect the development of the child, but it is impossible to predict how it will develop in the future. Only control of dynamics will help to avoid consequences.

Gynecologists recommend planning a pregnancy. The first step in planning is an examination for the presence of cystic masses.

Paraovarian ovarian cyst and pregnancy

Pregnancy can occur if a paraovarian ovarian cyst has formed and the formation is of the largest size. Such a pathology is asymptomatic, so often a woman finds out about it already being in an “interesting position”. A small paraovarian cyst does not require treatment, during pregnancy it is simply observed, and treatment, if necessary, is prescribed after childbirth. The formation of this type is not an indication for caesarean section, the only condition is that childbirth should be carried out carefully, with attempts it is undesirable to change positions abruptly.

Complications of a paraovarian cyst during pregnancy are accompanied by severe symptoms, in particular, abnormal discharge and bleeding can be observed. Do not be afraid in advance: this is not an indication for termination of pregnancy. Any unusual symptoms should be reported to the doctor.

Dermoid ovarian cyst and pregnancy

Dermoid ovarian cyst and successful pregnancy are compatible concepts. Small cystic formation does not interfere with either conception or fetal development. If a cyst is found after pregnancy, treatment is usually postponed until the postpartum period. If the tumor-like formation acquires an abnormal shape or becomes inflamed, then it can be removed without consequences even during pregnancy. The operation is performed laparoscopically, but not earlier than after the sixteenth week, thus avoiding violations in the process of gestation.

Pregnancy after laparoscopy of an ovarian cyst

To exclude possible gynecological complications, it is necessary to undergo an examination for the presence of cystic formations before pregnancy. If they are found and removal is indicated, then you should not be afraid that such an operation may affect reproductive functions. Removal of cysts is carried out by laparoscopy, which is recognized as the safest and most effective among the methods of surgical intervention. After laparoscopy of an ovarian cyst, pregnancy occurs in each patient in different ways, it all depends on the individual characteristics of the organism. You can plan conception immediately after the restoration of the cycle, that is, when ovulation appears. The first cycles may be anovulatory, but this is normal. Usually, after laparoscopy, the ovary returns to normal after three months. According to statistics, when a cyst is removed, most patients become pregnant in the first year after surgery.

Doctors call an ovarian cyst (cystadenoma) a pathology that arises from the follicle, corpus luteum, endometrium and other tissues. The disease affects both the left and right ovaries. The size of the neoplasm ranges from a few millimeters to 20 cm. The cyst does not harm the woman's body if it resolves within a few months. If it increases over time and new formations appear, then urgent treatment is necessary, and after that an operation is possible.

If the cyst enlarges during pregnancy, it must be removed with surgery.

Causes of the appearance of a cyst and its types

This pathology of the left or right ovary is a benign formation that appears as a result of pathological processes in the body of a woman. Doctors call such main reasons for the formation of cystadenoma:

disruption of the endocrine system;

prolonged inflammation of the genital organs;

abortion;

operations on the genitals;

menstruation began earlier than 11 years and others.

If a woman smokes, she has constant stress and problems with being overweight, then this contributes to the appearance of pathology. These and other factors increase the likelihood of the formation becoming malignant, interfere with the process of conception or pregnancy.

Smoking can cause cysts

Doctors call the following main types of cystadenoma of the left and right ovaries:

functional (appears when the uterine appendages fail);

follicular (grows from the follicle);

yellow body;

hemorrhagic (occurs after hemorrhage into the formed cyst);

endometrioid (endometrium develops in the cystadenoma);

dermoid (with the remains of a frozen embryo);

non-pathological epithelial tumors (mucinous, serous).

Sometimes a woman may not suspect the presence of pathologies, since they appear and disappear without a trace after a few months. After the onset of symptoms of the disease, you need to go to the doctor.

If symptoms of a cyst appear, you should immediately consult a doctor

ovarian cyst and pregnancy

Gynecologists advise young couples to plan a pregnancy in order to exclude the presence of pathologies of the left or right ovary. Sometimes cystadenoma interferes with the process of fertilization of the egg. The follicular appearance prevents the release of mature germ cells, which is why the couple is unable to conceive. This type of pathology often disappears within a few cycles or with the onset of pregnancy (if the egg is released from a healthy ovary). A follicular ovarian cyst does not appear during pregnancy because new follicles are not produced.

In early pregnancy, a corpus luteum cyst always appears. It is not harmful to the health of the woman and the embryo, does not require treatment.

Nature thus took care of the provision and protection of new life at an early stage of development. From the moment of conception, the enlarged corpus luteum produces special hormones for the normal course of pregnancy. After 12 weeks, the placenta matures and takes over all the life-support functions of the fetus. The corpus luteum dies and the disease disappears.

An endometrioid cyst of the left or right ovary can also appear at any time. It harms the expectant mother and baby if it increases rapidly. A small formation does not pathologically affect pregnancy. Its rupture can cause inflammation in the abdominal cavity and the threat of miscarriage. Such cystadenomas are subject to urgent treatment and removal.

When determining a cyst of any kind, a pregnant woman should be under increased supervision of a gynecologist.

When diagnosing a cyst, a pregnant woman should be under constant medical supervision.

Pathology of the left and right ovaries in pregnant women

The likelihood of cysts in the left or right ovary in pregnant women is the same. The causes of pathological formations are diseases of the uterine appendages and hormonal imbalance due to the restructuring of the woman's body.

All types of cysts of the left ovary interfere with the process of conceiving a child and are the cause of infertility on the part of a woman. If the pathology manifested itself during pregnancy, then the gynecologist establishes a special control of the patient's condition. Complaints of pulling and sharp pains on the left side are an indication for urgent hospitalization of a pregnant woman, since a rupture or too large cysts pose a threat to the life of the expectant mother and fetus.

In such cases, only the removal of education saves the life and health of a woman.

A small cyst of the right ovary does not pose a threat of miscarriage. But an increase or inflammation of the formation gives the pregnant woman unpleasant and painful sensations. Severe pain on the right side of the abdomen can be easily confused with inflamed appendicitis. Therefore, in the presence of any kind of pain, a woman needs to go for an examination. Due to the proximity of the displaced ovaries to the gastrointestinal tract, the patient is examined by several specialists and an ultrasound is performed. After discussing all the symptoms, an accurate diagnosis is made.

An ultrasound examination is necessary for an accurate diagnosis.

Clinic of ovarian cyst in pregnant women

The manifestation of symptoms of cystadenoma during pregnancy suggests that the formation began to grow actively, the cyst leg twisted, its cavity ruptured, or the peritoneum inflammatory process occurred. The first thing that the expectant mother feels is a strong pain syndrome in the lower abdomen in the region of the left and right ovaries. Sometimes the pain is felt in the lower back and pelvis. This condition is accompanied by such additional symptoms:

swelling;

nausea and vomiting;

temperature above 38;

there may be problems with the intestines due to uterine pressure and cysts.

The abdomen becomes hard, swelling from the side of the neoplasm is possible. A pregnant woman in any trimester must be hospitalized because of the risk of miscarriage and death of the patient.

With a cyst, pain in the ovarian region is accompanied by vomiting

Therapy for ovarian cysts

If the pathology occurs in the early stages of pregnancy, doctors usually prescribe conservative treatment with progesterone-based drugs. This hormone prevents the cyst from developing and at the same time maintains pregnancy.

When the symptoms show a negative result of conservative treatment or an exacerbation of the disease occurs, the gynecologist prescribes an operation to remove the cyst. The operation, if possible, is carried out at the beginning of the second trimester of pregnancy with an already formed placenta. Expectant mothers have an ovarian cyst removed using a laparoscope (laparoscopy), which allows for surgery with the least risk to the woman and fetus.

The possibility of an unfavorable removal exists. Therefore, doctors inform the pregnant woman about the possible consequences of this method of treatment, and only the woman gives permission for the operation.

Progesterone is effective against cysts in early pregnancy

Consequences of laparoscopy

An operation to remove an ovarian cystadenoma can have complications for the expectant mother. Doctors call the main ones:

severe pain at the site of the stitches;

inflammatory process;

uncharacteristic discharge from the vagina;

allergy to drugs;

abortion and others.

These consequences of laparoscopic surgery occur infrequently, but each patient needs to know the main symptoms in order to adequately assess the situation. If a woman adheres to all prescriptions and the course of treatment, then the risk of complications is reduced to almost zero.

Ovarian cystadenoma is not the worst disease during pregnancy. Many women successfully bear children, and then go to remove the pathology.

Pregnancy planning helps to eliminate the cyst and enjoy the most wonderful period of waiting for the baby.

Cysts are a type of formation and look like a cavity with liquid. There are several forms of cysts, each of which has its own characteristics. The presence of a cyst does not mean the need for treatment, although under certain circumstances surgery may be necessary.

Causes of ovarian cyst formation during pregnancy

Ovarian cysts are characterized by development outside of pregnancy, but in some cases their formation is observed after conception. This can happen due to several factors:

hormonal changes;
long-term use of contraceptives before;
deviation of body weight from the norm in any direction;
inborn predisposition.

In the first trimester, a corpus luteum cyst is more often formed.

Types of cysts

Ovarian cysts have a different origin. They also differ in content. According to a number of distinctive features, several types of cysts are distinguished. We'll talk about them below.

Cyst of the corpus luteum

Such a cyst is also called luteal. The luteal cyst rarely exceeds 8 cm in size.

Treatment with this form of education is rarely required, since in most cases it resolves on its own during the first trimester. This is due to the formation of the placenta and its production of progesterone.

Follicular cyst

Such education is also called functional. Its laying occurs even before pregnancy during the maturation of the egg in the ovary. In a normal situation, the main follicle bursts and an egg is released from it. In the same place after ovulation, a corpus luteum appears.

If the follicle is not destroyed, then fluid accumulates in it, that is, a functional cyst develops. Its size usually does not exceed 6-8 cm.

In the case of such a formation, treatment is rarely required, since it resolves on its own.

During pregnancy, the follicular cyst may remain from the previous cycle, but in the cycle when pregnancy occurred, ovulation still occurred from another mature follicle. It often happens that the follicular cyst is found in one ovary, and the corpus luteum in the other. This means that one ovary ovulated, and a follicular cyst formed in the second due to changes in hormonal levels. This often happens with drug stimulation of ovulation.

Cystadenoma

Inside such a cyst may be mucinous or serous fluid. This formation grows in size gradually and can become malignant.

Such a neoplasm must be removed when it is detected, regardless of size.

Dermoid cyst

This formation can form at any age, but usually its appearance is associated with intrauterine development (antenatal period). The cavity is filled with fat, hair, even nails and teeth can be in it.

Such a formation in diameter can reach 30 cm, but it does not interfere with conception, although it should be removed before pregnancy.

Endometrial cyst

The development of such a formation provokes endometriosis. The cavity contains a dark bloody fluid, which is why the cyst is called "chocolate". The size of the formation gradually increases, this happens during menstruation.

Such a cyst does not complicate the course of pregnancy.

Paraovarian cyst

The source of its development is the ovarian appendage. It can be located on the left or right, have serous content. Separately, paraovarian cysts are considered during pregnancy, which do not affect its course and are not inherited. Such formations rarely form a leg.

Symptoms

If the cyst during pregnancy is small, then its presence may not be symptomatic. When the formation is large or growing, the following signs of such a condition are possible:

pain in the lower abdomen of a pressing or aching nature;
frequent urination;
bloating;
diarrhea or constipation.

The work of the intestines and bladder is upset due to the pressure exerted on them by the cyst that has grown in size.

There are also characteristic signs for different types of cysts:

With endometrioid formation, pain in the lower abdomen is observed. Before pregnancy, such a symptom usually occurs in the first days of menstruation or before them. Chocolate-colored discharges, characteristic of such a cyst, also appear.
With follicular formation, heaviness and pressure can be felt in the area where the ovary is located. Unpleasant sensations may intensify during fast running or when bending over.
Paraovarian cyst often does not show any symptoms. If it reaches a size of 16 cm or more, then there is a discrepancy between the volume of the abdomen and the gestational age. A large formation puts pressure on the internal organs.
If the leg of the formation is twisted, then the symptoms appear brighter. The pain becomes acute and does not subside. You have to lie on your side and bend your knees. Sometimes the temperature rises. The abdomen on palpation causes sharp pain, the muscles of the anterior peritoneum are tense.

Why is an ovarian cyst dangerous?

In most cases, the cyst does not pose a danger to either the woman or the unborn child. It is worth worrying when the formation is actively growing and reaches a large size.

The cyst is also dangerous in cases where its leg is twisted. This leads to disruption of the blood supply to the formation and its death, which is fraught with the development of peritonitis. This complication is dangerous for both mother and child.

Another possible negative situation is the rupture of the cyst. Its danger lies in the risk of massive intra-abdominal bleeding. Signs of such a complication resemble the termination of an ectopic pregnancy. This situation requires urgent surgical intervention.

In natural childbirth in the presence of a cyst, there is a risk of its rupture. In this case, heavy bleeding will begin, carrying the risk of death.

It is not the presence of a cyst during pregnancy that is dangerous, but the likelihood of ovarian torsion, and the larger the cyst, the greater the risk of torsion.

Diagnostics

You can detect an ovarian cyst during pregnancy using an ultrasound of the pelvic organs. In the first trimester, such an examination can be performed transvaginally. This technique is more informative than the classic transabdominal scanning.

An effective diagnostic method is laparoscopy. During pregnancy, this method is rarely resorted to. The study can be combined with surgery.

If surgery is planned, then it is necessary to undergo a certain examination before it. It involves the delivery of certain blood tests, electrocardiography.

Treatment of ovarian cysts during pregnancy

In many cases, when education is detected, no measures are taken until the birth of the child. At the same time, it is important to regularly monitor the state of education using ultrasound scanning.

If a cyst is present, maintenance therapy may be required. Similar measures are also used at critical stages of pregnancy. This approach avoids surgery. In the early stages, progesterone-based drugs are usually resorted to.

If a cyst was found during pregnancy, then the woman should give up physical activity. Do not lean or turn sharply.

If the size of the cyst is large, then there is a risk of complications of the birth process. In this case, in the third trimester, they resort to a caesarean section.

Surgical treatment of ovarian cysts during pregnancy is rarely resorted to. A direct indication for surgical intervention is the active growth of such a formation and its large size. An operation is also necessary in case of rupture of the cyst or twisting of its legs.

Laparoscopy is usually used to remove the cyst. This operation involves making several holes in the abdomen, through which the necessary manipulations will be performed. Such an intervention will not harm the child, provided that it is correctly performed.

The optimal time for laparoscopy is 16-22 weeks. If there are complications, then surgery can be performed at any time. There are a number of contraindications to such an operation. These include being overweight.

With the slow growth of the cyst and the absence of its danger, surgical intervention is carried out after childbirth.

Ovarian cyst during pregnancy planning

A cyst when planning a pregnancy is an ambiguous factor. Most experts believe that with such an education, conception is impossible. Practice shows that for some women a cyst is not an obstacle to pregnancy. Usually this is observed in the formation of small sizes.

If ovulation does not occur, then it can recover after self-resorption of the formation. In other cases, you have to turn to the surgical removal of the cyst. Infertility in this case is called secondary.

For dermoid and endometrioid formations, the situation is somewhat different. Cysts of these types do not affect the process of ovulation and the development of follicles, but at large sizes they are a mechanical obstacle during conception. In this case, the follicles experience pressure, and the hormonal background changes.

At the stage of pregnancy planning, it is necessary to fully check the state of your body. It is important to detect hormonal imbalance in a timely manner and treat it correctly.

Prevention of ovarian cyst formation

The best prevention of cyst formation during pregnancy is careful planning. If such formations are detected, it is necessary to treat them, which implies, if necessary, surgical intervention.

It is also important that the following conditions are met:

maintaining normal weight;
rejection of bad habits.

In the presence of a cyst during pregnancy, in most cases you can do without treatment, but under certain circumstances, surgery is required.

Ovarian cyst and pregnancy is a fairly common occurrence. Such a neoplasm occurs not only in women of reproductive age and during menopause, but also during pregnancy. A cyst on the ovary can become a real problem during childbearing, and in some cases even interfere with getting pregnant. That is why absolutely all experts strongly recommend preparing for this important stage in life. What is dangerous ovarian cyst during pregnancy and what to do to get rid of it, read on.

As soon as any pathology of the pelvic organs is detected in a woman, the gynecologist immediately prescribes treatment. The same applies to education in the ovary. If the cyst arose even before pregnancy, the patient is prescribed hormonal drugs and vitamins, in especially dangerous cases, an operation is performed.

A woman who has learned about the presence of education on the ovaries while already pregnant should be happy, because some of its types prevent conception. But if fertilization did occur, the first thing a specialist prescribes is an ultrasound diagnosis to determine the size and nature of the formation. Benign cysts do not require treatment. A woman only needs to take the necessary vitamins, regularly take tests and do an ultrasound. Such careful observation allows you to control the development of education, and in case of malignancy, take urgent measures.

It carries a particular danger during pregnancy only when it reaches a large size or begins to develop into oncology. So, education can:

burst. If a cyst ruptures, all of its contents will be released into the abdominal cavity. The woman will feel a sharp pain;
cause ovarian torsion. Threatens with spontaneous abortion (miscarriage). The first signs: acute pain radiating to the back, sides, hips.

Remember! Pregnancy with an ovarian cyst is possible. However, you need to constantly be observed by a doctor and follow all his appointments. Otherwise, the general condition of the body will deteriorate. Left untreated, it can lead to miscarriage or premature birth.

What cysts are dangerous during pregnancy

As mentioned earlier, when the neoplasm reaches a large size, it not only begins to put pressure on neighboring organs, but also threatens the life of both the mother and the child.

The greatest danger is the formation of a cystic () and endometrioid nature.

Depending on the contents, cystadenoma can be (liquid inside) and mucous (filled with thick mucus). This type of formation grows quite quickly and can reach up to 30 cm in diameter! An increase in cystadenoma is accompanied by painful sensations in the lower abdomen. During early pregnancy, blood may appear.

Simultaneous fetal development and ovarian cyst enlargement

Endometrioid (chocolate) cyst occurs due to endometriosis. Content is brown. Development is facilitated by an increase in hormone levels. Since estrogen increases during pregnancy, the formation begins to grow. Threatens with apoplexy (rupture). A pregnant woman has severe pain.

A neoplasm "on the leg" also carries a considerable danger. This type can cause ovarian torsion, which will lead to miscarriage.

Due to the large number of possible consequences, doctors carefully monitor the standing of a pregnant woman, and recommend that all women get rid of the disease before conception.

What types of cysts do not pose a threat to a pregnant woman

In early pregnancy, it most often occurs (luteal). This type of neoplasm develops from the corpus luteum, which is necessary for the proper formation of the placenta. If the future mother was diagnosed with this diagnosis, you should not worry. The luteal cyst does not threaten pregnancy, does not increase in size and resolves on its own after 12 weeks.

A paraovarian ovarian cyst and pregnancy do not interfere with each other until the neoplasm begins to grow. At the initial stage, constant monitoring is carried out. If the cyst began to grow, surgical intervention is mandatory.

Absolutely all cysts that are larger than 6 cm in diameter are removed.

Treatment during pregnancy

Unfortunately, no specialist can say for sure how the neoplasm will behave during childbearing, and whether it can disappear on its own. It all depends on the individual characteristics of the body and immunity. The woman herself should be ready for anything, and in which case, urgently go to the hospital for surgery.

Removal of an ovarian cyst is allowed in the second trimester of pregnancy (14-16 weeks). Most often used. The duration of such an operation is approximately an hour and a half, depending on the type of education.

If during pregnancy a woman has a large neoplasm or it contains malignant cells, the doctor uses a laparotomy. The operation involves a much larger incision in the abdominal wall than with laparoscopy.

It is important to note that the woman must make the final decision regarding the operation herself. Experts immediately warn that the removal of education can pose a threat to both the mother and the child.

Most women do not want to take another risk and refuse surgery, still hoping that the cyst will resolve on its own. However, doctors categorically disagree with this, because if a rupture of the formation or torsion of the ovary occurs during pregnancy, a woman may lose a child.

A cyst during pregnancy can occur in any woman, even if she has not previously experienced any violations of the internal genital organs. The consequences of neoplasm are possible, but the phenomenon is quite rare. Most women with cysts have healthy children.