How to conceive a child the first time: effective methods, methods and recommendations. How and where does the process of conceiving a child take place, what does a woman feel at the time of fertilization of an egg

Of course, we do not choose the day of conception of our baby - it largely depends on the will of chance. But it is in our power to influence the fact that this day will come sooner or later. For this, not much is needed - only the implementation of simple rules and elementary knowledge of physiology.

Many women panic if pregnancy does not occur within two to three months after they have given up contraception.

However, for healthy couples with regular sexual activity, the typical picture looks like this:

• 60 out of every 100 couples can conceive a child within six months;
• 80 out of every 100 couples can conceive a child within one year;
• 90 out of every 100 couples can conceive a child within two years.

Despite the fact that any of these three situations is the norm, we can speed up conception somewhat by following certain rules.

How conception occurs: a little physiology

In order for a little man, a boy or a girl, to be born, two cells must meet: the male - the spermatozoon and the female - the egg. When they merge, a fetal egg is formed - a zygote.

Every month, under the action of the hormones of the pituitary gland (an endocrine gland located in the brain), a tiny follicle vesicle matures in the ovary, which contains the egg. The walls of the follicle produce female hormones - estrogens, due to which the follicle grows to the size of a small cherry and bursts in the middle, releasing the egg. This process is called ovulation. After leaving the ovary, the egg is "captured" by the villi of the fallopian tube and, thanks to its contractions, moves towards the uterus. The ovum retains its ability to fertilize for an average of 24 hours.

Spermatozoa are produced in the paired male gonads, the testicles. The cycle of their formation is 70-75 days. During sexual intercourse, 3-5 milliliters of semen enters the woman's vagina, which contains 300-500 million spermatozoa. Only a part of them gets into the cervical mucus inside the cervical drip. Before reaching the egg, the sperm! to cross the uterine cavity and get into the fallopian tube. This way they do in 2-2.5 hours, and retain their fertilizing ability in the fallopian tube, according to various sources, from 2 to 7 days. In order for fertilization to occur, the spermatozoon must overcome the barrier of cells of the radiant crown that surrounds the egg and the shell of the egg. For this, the "strength" of one sperm is not enough - an "attack" is necessary

100 to 400 thousand spermatozoa, although only one of them will penetrate the egg!

During the first 12 hours after fertilization, the male female nuclei converge and the genetic material combines to form a zygote - a single-celled embryo. During fertilization, the embryo begins to move along the fallopian tube into the uterine cavity. As the embryo moves through the fallopian tube, its cells divide, then the embryo falls into the uterine cavity, where on the 11th - 12th day after conception, it is implanted - introduced into the uterine mucosa.

So, for the onset of pregnancy, the following conditions are necessary:

1. The readiness of the body and, as a whole, to ensure the normal development of the fetus, which ensures the "general level of health.

Even if you consider yourself absolutely healthy, it is useful to be convinced of this again by being examined by a general practitioner, gynecologist, dentist, and maybe genetics. It's time to start leading a healthy lifestyle: have a good rest (optimally - spend a vacation in nature); "tie up" with bad habits; limit contacts with household chemicals and the use of pharmacological agents as much as possible, because this can negatively affect not only the health of the expectant mother, but also the formation and development of the baby.

2. Maturation in the ovary of an egg capable of fertilization, ovulation, entry of the egg into the fallopian tube.

In order for this complex mechanism to work, a clear functioning of the hormonal system of the woman's body is necessary. This system works best in women whose body weight is close to the medical norm.

Recently, the press has been strongly advised to women who want to give birth to a child of a particular sex to adhere to a certain diet. How effective is this method floor planning, is unknown, because there are no scientific works on this topic, but one thing is certain; the nutrition of a woman who decides to become a mother must be balanced. The main custodians of a maturing egg are foods containing vitamin C: vegetable oils, eggs, grain bread, buckwheat and oatmeal, legumes, nuts. The richest in vitamin E are germinated wheat grains, including flakes and flour from them. Another important vitamin is folic acid. 400 mcg of folic acid per day significantly reduces the likelihood of having children with disorders such as malformations of the central nervous system and spine. Folic acid is sold in all pharmacies, it is also found in products: fresh herbs (with the exception of parsley), cabbage, beets, carrots, potatoes with peel, bran, nuts, seeds. Taking folic acid before pregnancy significantly reduces the chance of malformations. If you live in an iodine deficient area, switch to iodized salt or take 100 micrograms of potassium iodide per day. All this is true only if you do not suffer from thyroid diseases: in this case, the doctor will give you individual recommendations. Without iodine, the thyroid gland cannot function normally; in women with a reduced function of this gland, ovulation occurs very rarely. In addition, a lack of iodine can subsequently adversely affect the mental development of the child.

To insure yourself and your future baby, start taking multivitamin preparations 2-3 months before conception. The use of oral contraceptives is recommended to stop 2-3 months before the planned conception. Sometimes, after long-term use of oral contraceptives, a complication occurs - the absence of menstruation and the possibility of conception within 6 months after stopping their use.

There are other causes of ovulation disorders in women. Constant stress in a business woman can lead to a complete absence of ovulation while maintaining menstruation.

Ovulation disorders can also be due to intense physical exertion. There are two reasons for this. The first is the rapid loss of adipose tissue, and the second is the increased release of endorphins - brain chemicals (these chemicals, by the way, are also called pleasure hormones). They can affect prolactin levels in women, and prolactin is a hormone that promotes successful breastfeeding but prevents egg maturation. Isn't that why our grandmothers advised women who wanted to have a baby to lead a quiet life, play with children more often, sew beautiful children's things, read children's books? All this "tunes" the body to conception.

3. A sufficient number of motile spermatozoa and their ability to fertilize an egg.

One of the main myths is the connection between potency and infertility. In reality, a man with a very weak potency can have good sperm for conception, and a "sexual giant" can suffer from infertility. Moreover, too frequent intercourse does not increase the couple's ability to conceive. The likelihood of conception with repeated sexual intercourse is reduced due to the fact that the second portion of sperm contains fewer full-fledged spermatozoa, and excess volume leads to its leakage from the woman's vagina. When ejaculation occurs at long intervals, this is also bad. It is not so much the number of spermatozoa that decreases, but their mobility - they no longer rush to the goal so quickly. Optimal for the full maturation of spermatozoa is the rhythm of sexual activity every other day (3 times a week) during the period of probable ovulation with the desired abstinence 4-5 days the day before.

Of course, the likelihood of pregnancy depends on the quality of the sperm. And the main risk factor is a man's lifestyle. So, low physical activity, sedentary work and excess weight, as well as smoking, can lead to stagnation of blood in the pelvic organs of a man and inflammation. Spermatogenesis (sperm maturation), like the female menstrual cycle, is regulated by the hormonal system of the body. Therefore, if a man takes anabolic steroids (these hormones can be used to treat certain diseases, but more often - to build muscle mass in men involved in sports), then the natural balance of hormones in the body is disturbed and leads to male infertility.

There is another, characteristic only for men, factor that affects reproduction. This is overheating. The number of sperm produced in the testicles increases at temperatures slightly below general body temperature. It is known that those who visit the sauna twice a week have a statistically higher risk of developing compared to those who bathe once a week. For the same reason, a man who wants to become a father should not wear tight synthetic underwear and tight pants, as this can increase the temperature of the testicles. Any febrile conditions (fever) lead to a deterioration in sperm quality, and such a decrease in sperm quality can last up to three months - this is how long each spermatozoon in the testicle continues to mature.

Weight and pregnancy

A sharp decrease in body weight by 10% per month, as well as a weight of less than 45 kg with an average height, leads to the cessation of menstruation. Researchers have found that body fat can indeed produce and store estrogen, the hormone that prepares the body for pregnancy. But not only the low content of this hormone is bad, but also the high one. Therefore, if you are overweight, try to lose weight, but only gradually, no starvation!

Another common and rather dangerous risk factor for infertility in men is chronic stress. From a biological point of view, offspring should be born in the most favorable environmental conditions. Such regulation is ensured by the close relationship between the sexual and all other systems of the body, primarily the nervous system.

4. Normal environment in the vagina, uterine cavity and fallopian tubes, which ensures the active movement of spermatozoa.

If you want to get pregnant, do not use vaginal lubricants (lubricants). They sometimes contain substances that change the acid-base environment of the vagina and destroy sperm. If you can't do without them, try using egg white for the few days of the month when you can conceive, unless you're allergic to eggs. Egg white has the least effect on sperm motility and survival.

Any infection in a woman's genital tract, as well as the use of various vaginal medications, antibacterial and flavored hygiene products, douching, also violates the acid-base environment in the vagina, which also reduces the chances of pregnancy.

5. "Meeting" of the egg with spermatozoa and optimal conditions for the fusion of germ cells.

For the implementation of sexual intercourse for the purpose of fertilization, the most favorable moment is when ovulation is about to begin, because the mucous lining of the cervix becomes extremely sensitive, and spermatozoa have enough time to enter the fallopian tubes, where they wait for the moment of ovulation. With a regular sexual life and the correct menstrual cycle, there is no need to specifically calculate this moment. However, there are times when it would be nice to know the exact date of ovulation. The simplest and most accurate method is to use special test strips to determine the level of luteinizing hormone. Modern tests look and use the same as pregnancy tests. The test strip must be placed under the stream of urine; The appearance of two stripes indicates ovulation. In addition, the day of ovulation can be tracked by ultrasound, body changes (temperature measured in the rectum), using a special device according to the pattern of saliva crystallization, using the calendar method.

Another important point for the "meeting" of the sperm and the egg is the posture during intercourse. There is no connection between the sex of the unborn child and the position at conception, no matter how much we would like it, but it is possible to increase the likelihood of conception with the help of the position. It depends on the mechanics of sexual intercourse on which part of the vagina the sperm enters. In some positions (for example, a woman on top or a standing position), it can be difficult to achieve deep penetration of the penis, so some of the sperm will simply be lost. The position "man on top" or "man behind" will be optimal. It is better if 20-30 minutes after intercourse a woman lies on her back with raised legs. Laziness in this case may be more useful than any posture during sexual intercourse.

Of course, the most important thing is that sex gives joy and pleasure. If a woman reaches orgasm, the chance of conception is higher: due to the contraction of the cervix during orgasm, sperm are literally drawn into the uterus.

6. The unhindered passage of the embryo through the fallopian tube and its entry into the uterine cavity, the readiness of the uterine mucosa to "accept" the embryo.

In addition to the anatomical features in the woman's body at this stage, the use of intrauterine devices on the eve of conception can be negatively affected. After removing the spiral, it is recommended to refrain from conception for 2-3 cycles to restore the functioning of the uterus and fallopian tubes and, therefore, reduce the risk of spontaneous miscarriage and.

We plan the time of conception

As for the time of day, it is believed that couples who make love in the afternoon (around 5 p.m.) have the best chances of pregnancy. At this time of day in the body of a man, the number of active spermatozoa is maximum.

As for the season, most doctors agree that the optimal time to conceive a child is the beginning of autumn. The fact is that in every woman with a normal menstrual cycle and fairly good health, in 10% of cycles, the egg does not mature and fertilization is impossible, i.e. ovulation may not be 1-2 times a year. More often, such cycles occur in severe winters with short daylight hours and in unusually hot summer months.

The Czech doctor O. Jonas went even further. He argues that along with the menstrual cycle, there is a second, individual, cycle of the greatest predisposition to conception, set already from birth and accompanying the entire reproductive period of a woman's life with incredible accuracy.

Help from a specialist

Feel free to ask your questions and our full-time specialist will help you figure it out!

Pregnancy is a difficult period during which unique processes take place in a woman's body. Expectant mothers want to learn more about the development of their baby, from the sacrament of fertilization to the birth process. To take a closer look at how the process of conception proceeds by day is useful for those who are planning a pregnancy or trying to avoid it.

The movement of the egg through the fallopian tube, its fertilization and implantation of the fetal egg in the uterine mucosa.

Normally, the maturation and release of the egg from the follicle occurs in the middle of the cycle (15-16 days). This process is called "ovulation". Usually this stage of the menstrual cycle is asymptomatic, but some women report mild pain, a feeling of heaviness in the lower abdomen.

An interesting video on how to determine the day of ovulation.

During ovulation, 2 or 3 eggs can mature at the same time, in such cases the woman will give birth to twins or triplets. However, anovulatory cycles are also possible, when, due to various pathologies, female cells are not produced. This can be the cause of the development of infertility, therefore, it requires observation and timely treatment.

The emerging egg is viable for 12-36 hours, depending on the individual characteristics of the female body. It enters one of the fallopian tubes, which expands under the influence of estrogens. The villi lining the organ contract rhythmically to prevent the egg from entering the abdominal cavity.

If within 36 hours the female cell has not met with spermatozoa, then it dies, leaving the body with menstrual flow.

After ejaculation, the spermatozoa have a long way to go to meet the egg. Considering the average speed of a male seed, it will take 3 to 6 hours for it to reach its target. Only one sperm cell can fertilize an egg, which will be able to break through the membrane of a female egg. The rest of the male sex cells die.

Fertilization of an egg by a sperm.

There is a theory that if fertilization occurs within a day after intercourse, then a boy will be born. This is associated with increased activity of spermatozoa that carry the Y chromosome. If conception occurs 2-3 days after intimacy, then the woman should give birth to a girl. After all, spermatozoa carrying the X chromosome retain their viability for a longer time.

The egg and sperm contain only half the set of chromosomes, so after fertilization they can form a new cell. Such a zygote has new unique genetic information.

How does an embryo develop?

The next day, the fertilized egg begins to move through the fallopian tubes, whose width is normally 0.5 cm. The villi of the fallopian tubes contribute to the movement of the zygote towards the uterus, preventing its reverse movement.

An amazing video about how the conception and development of a child occurs.
On day 4, the fertilized egg is shaped like a blackberry, so the period is called a mulberry. The zygote continues to move towards the uterus. From this moment, an important process begins - embryogenesis, which consists in the development of the internal organs and systems of the fetus.

Sometimes on the 8th day after fertilization, the fetal egg can split in half. As a result, 2 zygotes appear, from which identical twins develop. Doctors have not yet established the causes of this phenomenon.

Initially, the corpus luteum serves as a source of nutrition for the zygote, but there are not enough nutrients in it. Therefore, a fertilized egg must attach to the prepared uterine mucosa in order to ensure the further development of the embryo. This process is called implantation. It occurs on the 5-12th day, its duration is 35-40 hours.

The process of implantation of a fertilized egg in the uterine mucosa and the development of the embryo.

How to know that pregnancy has come?

After the implantation process, the concentration of human chorionic gonadotropin (hCG) increases in the bloodstream of a woman, which indicates the development of pregnancy.

The process of attachment of the blastocyst is often accompanied by slight spotting, which a woman may mistakenly recognize as the onset of menstruation.

During this period, the first signs of pregnancy may appear:

• Soreness in the lower abdomen;
• Aversion to certain smells;
• Drowsiness;
• Increased fatigue;
• Soreness of the mammary glands;
• Nausea;
• Increased basal temperature;
• Vomiting in the morning;
• Increase in the amount of mucous secretions.

At this time, during an ultrasound examination, the doctor will be able to notice a small dot in the uterine cavity. And most pregnancy tests will show the coveted 2 strips.

How to accurately determine that pregnancy has occurred? The specialist speaks.
Pregnancy is an amazing period, because it involves the birth of a new life. From the moment of conception to the birth of a child, there are many complex processes that are aimed at the development of all organs and systems in the fetus. Therefore, it is so important for a pregnant woman to adhere to a healthy lifestyle, regularly visit a gynecologist.

Discussion: 12 comments

Hello, I want to know after the fertilization of the egg, is there an incubation period or not? Menstruation passed on January 7, and it was from January 7 to 8. Then from 20 to 21 January. Ultrasound set the date from January 21, the development of the fetus, the birth took place on October 25. According to gynecology, they put from the last day of menstruation. Do you want to know when conception happened?

Reply

1. Hello Julia. Conception occurred in the middle of the month during ovulation, it cannot be otherwise!

   Reply

Hello!! Please tell me, a couple of days ago I lost my virginity, the next day after intimacy, my stomach hurts, the pain is not strong and not permanent. What to do? And is it normal?

Reply

1. Hello Julia. The first thing to do is to visit a gynecologist. Pain in the lower abdomen after the deprivation of innocence is the norm, but you need to undergo an examination to find out exactly the cause. You may be prescribed some medications or painkillers if needed. Be healthy!

Most people are still convinced that the conception of a child is directly a sexual act between a man and a woman. In fact, the birth of a new life occurs somewhat later and only under certain conditions. Let's open the curtain a little and find out what path each of us overcomes in the very first moments of our intrauterine existence.

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Cycles and cell life

The process of egg fertilization is one of the most mysterious and complex in science. A fertilized egg is a great success.

Although millions of women get pregnant at will and without it, without thinking about all the "tricks" that occur in their body.

To find out how conception occurs by day, let's turn to the female cycles, on which almost everything depends.

In the body of every girl from the moment of birth there are more than a million eggs. Until the moment of her puberty, that is, until the first menstruation, no more than half of them survive.

These cells grow to incredible sizes, therefore they are considered the largest in the human body. Once a month, one of them leaves her “shelter”, this process is called ovulation. He, in fact, plays a key role in the question of how conception occurs.

Approximately 14 days before the onset of menstruation, the egg is released from the ovary. This process lasts about 15 minutes, while some women even feel a little pain and tingling in the abdomen. It is the moment of ovulation that is the most cherished time when conception occurs if the sperm reaches the mature egg.

In turn, the male seed is the substance very tenacious. In the female body, spermatozoa can live up to 9 days, waiting for the release of the egg for further intercourse with it. This is the answer to the question of what conception is and at what stages of the cycle it is possible. Well, now let's find out what happens to male and female cells in the future.

How two cells form one

As we have already said, spermatozoa, of which thousands enter the body of a woman, live there for a very long time. They "wait" in the wings, and if they do not wait, they die. The egg is not so "patient". After her exit from the ovary, she lives from 12 to 35 hours, and after this time she dies and leaves with menstruation.

If, after ovulation, she meets with one of the thousand sperm, a process called fertilization takes place.

The sperm cell breaks through the walls of the egg and penetrates inside, strongly changing its composition. Thus, a zygote is formed - a completely new cell in the body with its own set of chromosomes and personal DNA.

This is how the fertilization of the egg occurs, moreover, it is at this stage that it is formed.

If the spermatozoon carried a Y chromosome, it will be a boy, and if X, it will be a girl. However, the intercourse of two cells and the formation of a fundamentally new “organism” inside a woman is not yet pregnancy.

How long does the fertilization of an egg last, that is, the process that we described above, is a purely individual question. Doctors note that on average it takes 18-20 hours, given the speed of the sperm. The newly formed zygote, after the final formation, begins its movement through the fallopian tubes.

Note! The formation of a zygote does not depend on the specific moment at which the male seed entered the female body.

The egg is fertilized only after leaving the ovary, that is, on the day of ovulation. And this happens only if the spermatozoa “waited” for it.

Let's start counting down the days

After the fertilization of the egg occurs, which lasts about several hours, you can proceed to a detailed examination of all processes by day, up to the onset of pregnancy. It is worth remembering that until the zygote reaches the uterine cavity, the woman is not in position, moreover, this whole process is very dangerous. But the most insidious thing about all this is that it’s impossible to know for sure what happens after a specific ovulation, whether the future fetus has begun or not.

Informative!: is it possible to get pregnant during menstruation

• the first day. We have already described above where fertilization occurs and how exactly the sperm enters the egg. Actually, these are the events of the first day of a future pregnancy.
• second day. The newly formed zygote begins its journey. It moves along the fallopian tube and in the process divides into blastomeres. At the 48th hour of conception, these cells surrounding the zygote are still large, and their number is small.
• day three after conception. The number of blastomeres increases, and their size decreases. Gradually, they form into a single cellular structure. It is also important to note that on the third day formed by the genome future child.
• the fourth day is the beginning of the most dangerous journey. The zygote with its blastomeres begins to actively move towards the uterus through the fallopian tubes. All stages of this path help her to overcome the "hairs" that are located inside the pipes. They seem to push the cells to their destination.
• fifth day. The most dangerous stages in the process of fertilization are behind. On this day, the zygote with blastomeres, which have already turned into a full-fledged embryo, “walks” around the uterus, looking for the most comfortable place for further implantation.
• sixth to seventh days. At the moment, the size of the embryo does not exceed half a millimeter. We also note that it feeds on the corpus luteum, so the mother's lifestyle at this stage does not affect the development of the fetus.
• eighth to tenth day. The very time when the embryo is introduced into the wall of the uterus in the very place where it will stay until it is born. Implantation lasts for 40 hours, and from that moment the pregnancy countdown begins. It's funny that it is almost impossible to determine the presence of a child in the uterus by sensations at such a period, there are no symptoms yet, there is no toxicosis, and the stomach is not growing. However, the mother's body is rebuilt to the maximum level of protection of the embryo even at the time of fertilization of the egg, so all the internal organs, as it were, know in advance about upcoming pregnancy.

Note! From the place where the fertilization of the egg took place, the future embryo must go a very long way to the uterus in just one day.

If the fallopian tubes narrow during the movement for some reason, they will not be able to expel the zygote. As a result, she will have no choice but to be implanted in the tube. This is called an ectopic pregnancy and without timely medical intervention entails disastrous consequences.

What does a woman feel

During the first ten days, that is, until the moment when the fetus is fixed in the uterine wall, there can be no talk of any signs of pregnancy.

Although certain changes in well-being and sensations are still traceable. If the child is the first, the expectant mother often writes off all this as a malaise, and a mild one at that.

You may feel dizzy, fatigue and lethargy appear, enthusiasm and ingenuity will slightly fade. In principle, this is everything that happens after the moment of conception on the days before the onset of pregnancy.

However, those women who have previously experienced the joy of motherhood will be much more attentive to such changes in the work of their own body, especially if, in addition to them, there is a delay. Nowadays, pregnancy has appeared, determining the position of a woman just on the 10th day from the moment of ovulation, that is, on the first day of the fetal setting.

Note! There is such a phenomenon as implantation bleeding, which has much in common with ordinary menstruation and occurs most often at the moment when a woman is waiting for the delay to end.

Bloody discharge lasts only one or two days, in addition, they are not plentiful. If the bleeding is severe and ends within 7-10 days, an urgent need to consult a doctor.

Spiritual and physical

With such a phenomenon as unwanted pregnancy, women often encounter.

If the expectant mother did not plan the birth of a baby at all and did not even think about it, she is not going to continue her family at the moment, there may be one answer to the question of why she nevertheless became pregnant.

Her body turned out to be healthy, strong, all organs work fully, they are full of energy and strength.

It is these criteria that the female body takes into account before it takes on the responsibility of enduring a new generation.

If the body is weakened, it lacks vitamins and minerals, a woman often experiences fear, fatigue, then her reproductive system is unlikely to take on such a great responsibility.

It's amazing, but in fact, thoughts about the desired pregnancy and the desire to conceive a baby with all their might do their job. All that remains to be done by future parents: stick to healthy lifestyle, wait for the moment of ovulation and think only about the positive outcome of the case.

Useful video: conception of a child by day

Conclusion

We examined how conception occurs after ovulation by day, and also learned in detail about all the processes that take place during this shortest period. For the further success of the event, a woman can only listen to her body and maintain her strength and health.

fertilization- penetration of the sperm into the egg

division of the egg after fertilization and its movement through the fallopian tubes

For it to come ovulation, an immature egg (follicle) in one of the ovaries matures under the influence of follicle-stimulating hormone, which is secreted by the pituitary gland. As the follicle matures, luteinizing hormone is produced. Under its influence, the follicle ruptures, releasing the egg. This is ovulation, which usually occurs in the middle of each normal menstrual cycle. After ovulation, the egg travels into one of the fallopian tubes and from there into the uterus. Usually, the egg is capable of fertilization within twelve hours. If fertilization does not occur during this time, she dies and is excreted during menses along with menstrual flow.

For conception to occur, the sperm must already be in the fallopian tubes at that time. time when the egg is capable of fertilization. The spermatozoon, being in the genital tract of a woman after ejaculation, usually does not die for another 48-72 hours. So about four days monthly, most favorable for conception.

For conception to occur, the sperm must penetrate the membranes of the egg. A large number of spermatozoa are involved in the dissolution of the outer shell, but only one can connect with the egg. The egg and sperm combine to form one cell (zygote), which divides into two, then four, and so on. Each cell of the fetus contains the chromosomes of the mother and father, which form the individual genetic code of the child.

After conception the developing fetus passes through the fallopian tubes into the uterus. The cells continue to divide and form a ball called a morula. After about four days, fluid accumulates in the center of the morula and a cavity is created. This structure is called the blastocyst. After a few days, protrusions called chorionic villi form on the blastocyst. They penetrate the wall of the uterus and are fixed in it. This process is called implantation. Implantation occurs about twenty days after the last menses. In it time after conception first signspregnancy usually absent.

When planning conception, it is necessary to consider that:

During one menstrual cycle, a woman can mature several eggs.

Ovulation may not occur in the middle of the cycle. In young girls and in violation menstrual cycle, the ovaries often work irregularly, and therefore ovulation may occur earlier or later. The time of ovulation may depend on the emotional and mental state of the woman, which affects the hormonal balance.

Various diseases affect a woman's ability to conceive and the ability to implant a fertilized egg in the uterus.

Very common lately asymptomatic course of gynecological diseases, including sexually transmitted diseases and tumors. Even pathological vaginal discharge with such diseases is not always the case. Without analyzes it is difficult to distinguish them from normal secretions. With a hidden course of female diseases, there are no stomach ache, bleeding, menstrual irregularities and other symptoms. Therefore, every woman needs a preventive examination by a gynecologist at least twice a year.

Conception- first stage pregnancy. Sometimes, in order for conception to happen faster, preparation is necessary. To choose favorable days for conception better according to conception calendar. Male germ cells are able to maintain their activity in a woman's body for several days. If there is no ovulation during this period, then conception will not occur, and they will die. Most favorable time for conceiving children- this is day ovulation.

Since the lifespan of an egg is about 12 hours, sexual intercourse in days before ovulation is more preferable for conception of a child, how after ovulation, since it takes about a day for sperm to get into the fallopian tube. Define day ovulation and calculate auspicious days for conception possible by basal temperature chart, but this method is complicated and imprecise. You can also do it yourself in the middle of the menstrual cycle tests for ovulation and consult a gynecologist who, using analysis secretions, Ultrasound, hormone tests, will determine the day of ovulation with an accuracy of 1-2 days. Some women subjectively feel ovulation - they feel pain in the lower abdomen, swelling and soreness of the mammary glands, nausea, they note the release of ovulatory viscous abundant mucus from the genital tract on the day of ovulation. Sometimes there is discharge during ovulation bloody. Ovulation in different women can occur on different days. Therefore, after determining the days of ovulation for three menstrual cycles, a woman can draw up an individual conception calendar.

Fertility calendar for ovulation in the middle of the menstrual cycle

Poses for conception

It is recommended to refrain from sexual intercourse for 3-5 days before ovulation for the maturation of spermatozoa. For conception, it is better if a woman lies on her back during intercourse. After its completion, you can put a pillow under the buttocks and raise your legs. This posture need to save some time. In this case, the cervix will be immersed in the sperm located in the posterior fornix of the vagina. Also facilitate the penetration of spermatozoa into the cervical canal and conception helps knee-elbow pose during or after intercourse. Most young women who are newly sexually active do not experience orgasm during intercourse. The presence of an orgasm does not affect conception.

Days before conception and after conception

AT days before conception child and after conception, drinking alcohol by spouses should be excluded, since alcohol has a damaging effect on female and male sex cells. It is necessary to avoid other harmful factors - smoking, household chemicals, x-rays, drugs. If the spouses are not healthy, it is better to postpone conception until recovery. In the case of long-term use of medications and chronic diseases, you should consult your doctor about their possible effect on conception and pregnancy.

Days after conception before the first delay of menstruation signspregnancy usually absent.

The best time to conceive a child

The biggest plus for conception at any time year is the very fact of pregnancy, especially if it is long-awaited.

conception in summer

When conceived in the summer, the first trimester pregnancy falls in the summer-autumn, childbirth - in the spring months. The advantages of this time for conception include good natural fortification of the body, the opportunity to spend more time outdoors, and a favorable epidemiological situation for acute respiratory infections in the first trimester of pregnancy. But childbirth and the formation of lactation occur in the most hypovitaminous season of the year, it is necessary to ensure a sufficient supply of essential nutrients to the female body.

Conception in autumn

The first trimester of pregnancy falls on autumn-winter, childbirth - in the summer months. At the same time, a good natural fortification of the woman's body during the period of conception, before childbirth and during the formation of lactation.

But the first trimester falls on an epidemiologically unfavorable season - influenza outbreaks, acute respiratory infections. In the first trimester, the fetus is especially vulnerable to infection. This should be taken into account when a woman is prone to colds.

Part of the last trimester of pregnancy will take place in hot summer conditions. This should be considered for women who do not tolerate heat well and need plenty of fluids. The heat complicates the fight against late toxicosis of pregnancy, worsens the well-being of the expectant mother, it is difficult to maintain a drinking regimen at high temperatures.

conception in winter

The first trimester of pregnancy falls in the winter-spring, childbirth - in the fall. Plus, conception at this time is a good natural fortification in the last trimester of pregnancy, during childbirth and in the period of lactation.

But the first trimester of pregnancy falls on the peak of epidemic trouble in terms of influenza and acute respiratory infections. And at this time, as mentioned earlier, the embryo is most sensitive to the effects of infection.

conception in the spring

The first trimester of pregnancy falls on spring-summer, childbirth - in the winter. The disadvantages include the peak of hypovitaminization of parental organisms at the time of conception and early pregnancy, the unfavorable epidemic situation in terms of acute respiratory infections and influenza during conception in the first half of spring.

Conception of a child - a boy or a girl.

It is believed that compliance with certain rules before conception guarantees conception of a child a certain gender. Statistics do not confirm the effectiveness of any of the "folk" methods of planning the sex of the child, positive results when these rules are followed are random.

All of the "folk" methods of planning the sex of a child listed below do not have any scientific justification, however, with strong faith in them, they may be effective. With regard to the following diets, one should be especially careful, since none of them is complete in terms of nutritional composition, which can adversely affect the health of the mother and child.

Folk methods of conceiving a boy or girl

To conceive a boy it is necessary in even years of life to plan conception for odd months or in odd years - for even. It is believed that sex is necessary at night, when there is a month in the sky, and not a full moon, and there is no precipitation. It should be cool in the bedroom, the window should be open, you should lie with your head to the north, you should put some “male” attribute under the pillow - a toy gun, a typewriter. More likely to conceive a boy in those couples where the husband is more sexually active than the wife. During intercourse, a man should reach orgasm earlier than a woman, and after sex, future parents are advised not to sleep for a long time. Before sexual intercourse, the husband should wash the testicles with cold water, which will increase the activity of spermatozoa. Before the important night, for at least three weeks, a woman should eat meat and fish products, potatoes, mushrooms, drink tea, coffee, forgetting about milk and dairy products, as well as bread and egg yolks. All dishes must be salted.

To conceive a girl the year and month of the onset of pregnancy can be either even or odd. The day must be rainy, the phase of the moon is the full moon. In these cases, you need to have sex in the evening, in a room painted in pink tones, lie with your head to the south, and put a pink ribbon under the pillow. The window should be closed, and the air in the room should be scented. Girls are guaranteed to couples where the wife is more sexually active than the husband. In the conception of a girl, the observance of a milk diet helps, fish, bread, carrots, cucumbers, herbs are allowed, the consumption of dried fruits, meat is limited, carbonated water, salt and spices are excluded. The future father of the girl should warm the genitals with warm underwear to reduce the activity of male germ cells.

One of the frequently discussed methods of planning the sex of a child has the sonorous name "blood renewal". It is believed that in men the blood is renewed every 4, and in women - every 3 years. If a person had some kind of operation or blood loss during his life, then the countdown does not start from the birthday, but from the date of this blood loss. Thus, the age or time from the last blood loss is divided by 4 for men, and 3 for women (with Rh-negative blood in the mother, the opposite is true - for men, the denominator will be 3, and for women - 4). Whoever has a larger balance (from mom or dad), he has a more “young”, strong blood, therefore, the child will be of the same gender. The method has not received any scientific justification.

Conception of a boy or girl from a scientific point of view

According to statistics, 106 boys are born for every 100 girls. Even more male embryos are formed, but male embryos, like boys of the first year of life, die more often. Dangerous games, men's professions, wars, bad habits often lead to the death of adult men. By reproductive age, the sex ratio becomes approximately 1 to 1.

The sex cells of a man and a woman each contain one sex chromosome and 22 somatic (non-sex) each - a sperm cell and an egg contain 23 chromosomes each. When a sperm cell and an egg merge during fertilization, an individual genotype of a girl (46 XX) or a boy (46 XY) is formed. Gender is determined by the combination of two sex chromosomes: girls have a combination of XX, and boys have XY. In a woman, all eggs contain one X chromosome (there are no other sex chromosomes in the female body). Male spermatozoa are of two types: with the X chromosome and with the Y chromosome. If the egg is fertilized by X-spermatozoon, a girl will be born, if Y - a boy. Thus, the sex of the child depends on the male germ cell! Therefore, claims to the wife about the sex of the child born on the part of the pope are completely unfounded. For the same reason, all methods of planning the sex of the child related to the expectant mother are unreasonable. A woman can pass on only the X chromosome to her child, and the second chromosome - X or Y, on which it will depend whether a boy or a girl is born, the father of the child passes.

Some methods of planning the sex of the child are based on scientifically based facts. They are difficult to use for women with an irregular cycle, in which it is difficult to determine the exact day of ovulation. In healthy women with a regular menstrual cycle, the date of ovulation may also shift.

Planning the sex of the child by the date of ovulation.

To increase the likelihood conception of a boy, you need to have sexual intercourse on ovulation time. The method is based on the differences between X- and Y-spermatozoa. The X chromosome is much larger than the Y chromosome. X-spermatozoa are slower, but more viable. Fertilization of the egg by the sperm is possible after its release from the ovary - after ovulation. If sexual intercourse was a few days before ovulation, then the likelihood increases conception of a girl, because, most likely, only hardy X-spermatozoa remained in the female genital tract, which will get the honorable mission of fertilization. If future parents manage to abstain from sex for at least a week before the day of ovulation, and sexual intercourse occurs on the day of ovulation, then the likelihood of conceiving a boy increases, since the extremely mobile Y-spermatozoa will be the first to reach the egg, ahead of the X-spermatozoa. 2-3 days before ovulation, the environment in the vagina is more acidic, which contributes to the rapid death of Y-sperm. During ovulation, the pH of the medium becomes slightly alkaline, which contributes to the survival of Y-spermatozoa.

The dependence of the sex of the child on the sexual activity of the parents.

With frequent sexual intercourse (daily or every other day), boys are born more often because the probability of fertilization by fast Y-spermatozoa is higher. With low sexual activity, the probability of having a girl increases, X-spermatozoa remain viable until ovulation in the female genital tract (up to 5 days after intercourse).

Practical advice.

A woman needs to determine the time of ovulation for several menstrual cycles using a basal temperature chart, an ovulation test, or using a daily ultrasound - from approximately the 10th day of the menstrual cycle until the release of the egg from the ovary. With ultrasound, a maturing (dominant) follicle containing an egg is clearly visible. It disappears after ovulation, and a corpus luteum forms in its place. Some women subjectively feel ovulation, for example, they feel pain in the lower abdomen, nausea, they note the release of ovulatory mucus from the genital tract on the day of ovulation - such mucus is viscous, quite plentiful. When planning to conceive a daughter, intercourse should be 2-3 days before the calculated date of ovulation, if you want to conceive a son, you should abstain from sex at least 2-3 days before ovulation, and intercourse should occur during ovulation.

Separation of spermatozoa into X and Y using special procedures.

The spermatozoa are separated using laser technology. After performing one of these procedures, the egg is fertilized in a test tube with a selected spermatozoon, an embryo of the desired sex is obtained and it is introduced into the uterine cavity (in vitro fertilization).

Even this scientifically based method of planning the sex of a child does not give one hundred percent guarantee. The possible genetic changes in the application of procedures for artificial sorting of spermatozoa have not been fully studied. In the future, sperm separation may help solve the problem of preventing hereditary diseases associated with sex.

None of the methods of planning the sex of the child gives a 100% guarantee. The appearance in the family of a healthy child of any gender, a boy or a girl, is a happy event.

Artificial insemination

Intrauterine insemination the husband's or donor's sperm is produced when the immunological incompatibility of the married couple is established or when the fertilizing ability of the husband's sperm is reduced. On a pregnancy-friendly day of the menstrual cycle, pre-treated sperm is injected into the woman's uterus. The effectiveness of intrauterine insemination in the treatment of infertility is quite high. It is advisable to repeat the procedure for 4 cycles.

in vitro fertilization outside the uterus with subsequent transfer of embryos into the uterus of the mother (IVF) is performed with persistent obstruction of the fallopian tubes. Those stages of development of the egg and embryo, which normally take place in the fallopian tube in the first 2-3 days after fertilization, during IVF occur under artificial conditions - “in vitro”. The IVF method consists of several stages:

diagnosis of the form and causes of infertility

prescribing to a woman drugs that stimulate the growth of several follicles in the egg - superovulation induction

assessment of ovarian response to induction using ultrasound and hormonal studies

determination of the moment when it is necessary to puncture the follicles using ultrasound and determining the concentration of hormones

puncture of follicles, extraction of eggs from them, placing them in a special environment

collection and preparation of spermatozoa

connection of eggs and spermatozoa insemination of eggs in a test tube and their placement in an incubator for 24-42 hours

transfer of embryos from a test tube to the mother's uterus

prescribing drugs that support implantation and development of embryos in the uterus

diagnosis of pregnancy

management of pregnancy and childbirth

The success rate of IVF is currently 30% on average. This is a high percentage, given that the probability of conception in a healthy man and woman in the same menstrual cycle is about 30%. Due to the high efficiency of IVF, today this method is used in almost all forms of infertility. With IVF, preimplantation diagnosis of hereditary diseases is possible. The frequency of genetic diseases in children born through IVF does not exceed that in children conceived in the usual way.

Surrogacy. The ovum obtained from the woman is fertilized with the husband's sperm. The resulting embryo is transferred to the uterus of another woman, the so-called surrogate or biological mother. The surrogate mother bears the child and after giving birth gives it to the owner of the eggs - the genetic mother.

Friday, July 19, 2013 - 09:15

Many women believe that pregnancy is a natural process that is easy to start at any time, there would be a desire! However, often when the desire appears, we suddenly realize that getting pregnant is not so easy.

If attempts to conceive a child are in vain, the cause may be health problems in both women and men. And, it is possible that both partners at the same time.

The factors affecting the onset of pregnancy in a woman include hormonal and gynecological problems, stress, hypertension. Problems with weight (both its excess and lack of it), bad habits (drinking alcohol, smoking) can also have a negative effect.

In men, conception is prevented by problems of a hormonal (decrease in the concentration of testosterone in the blood, an increase in the level of prolactin, etc.) or genetic nature, a lack of active spermatozoa, poor patency of the vas deferens, the presence of antibodies against one's own spermatozoa, trauma to the genital organs, the consequences of surgical interventions, as well as harmful habits.

To determine and eliminate the cause of the failure of a long-awaited pregnancy, future parents need to undergo a comprehensive medical examination.

A woman should visit a gynecologist. As a rule, the doctor prescribes a study of the hormonal status, ultrasound of the pelvic organs, and also offers to take tests for the presence of "hidden" infections in the body. Such diseases proceed unnoticed by the mother, but interfere with conception or provoke miscarriage.

It is also advisable for a woman to visit a therapist, an ENT doctor, a dentist and, if necessary, more specialized specialists. Examination and, if problems are found, treatment will help to avoid serious problems associated with exacerbation of chronic diseases during pregnancy.

The future dad should be tested for sexually transmitted diseases and be examined by a specialist urologist. Ideally, it is also recommended to pass a spermogram.

According to statistics, among women who have planned conception, no more than 25% manage to get pregnant in the first cycle. 50% conceive within the first 6 months, and 85-90% conceive within a year of planning.*

Therefore, if you decided to have a baby only a few months ago, but conception has not yet occurred, you should not panic and delve into the literature on the treatment of infertility. Remember: no medical guide will give you clear instructions on how to conceive a child correctly.

In addition, even the famous luminaries of medicine will not always be able to accurately indicate the reason for the non-occurrence of pregnancy, limiting themselves to universal recommendations.

Here are some tips to help any couple planning to conceive increase their chances of getting pregnant.

1.Learn to correctly determine the onset of ovulation. In most women, the release of the egg from the ovary occurs on the 11-14th day of the menstrual cycle. To determine the exact date, buy an ovulation test at the pharmacy or use the method of measuring basal temperature. Just before ovulation, body temperature drops slightly, and after the release of the egg, it rises. If you regularly measure the temperature and record the data obtained, after a few months you can relatively accurately predict the most favorable days for conception.

2. Lead an active lifestyle. No need to exhaust yourself with workouts in the gym - this can harm your health and prevent pregnancy. Physical activity before conception should be moderate. An evening walk in the park with your husband, swimming or dancing twice a week, light exercises in the morning - this will improve blood circulation, strengthen muscles and prepare your body for the future stresses associated with pregnancy.

3. Eat right. Before conceiving a child, it is necessary to bring your weight back to normal. If you need to lose weight, do it gradually, do not deplete the body with strict diets. If you need to gain weight, do not pounce on fatty and high-calorie foods, because the main thing is to provide the body with the necessary amount of nutrients (including vitamins and minerals), and not to make a supply of body fat. Your diet should include vegetables, fruits, herbs, durum wheat products, dairy products, lean meats and fish.

4.Involve your husband in the process of preparing for conception. If your spouse dreams of becoming the father of a healthy child, he should take an equal part in the planning of conception. 2-3 months before the expected pregnancy, he needs to stop smoking and drinking alcohol.
It is better for a man to limit visits to saunas and baths, since high temperatures negatively affect the quality of sperm. For the same reason, you should not wear too tight underwear or underwear made of synthetic materials.

5. Avoid stress, keep emotional calm, and not only her own, but also her husband's. Nervous breakdowns and frequent negative emotions can spoil your relationship, which will certainly affect not only sexual attraction to each other, but also health. Try to arrange holidays for yourself and your loved one, enjoy each other, know how to relax and unwind.

6. Take vitamins and minerals. With the help of specialized vitamin and mineral complexes, you can replenish the supply of nutrients that are needed in the very early stages of pregnancy, when a woman may not yet know about her “interesting position”. A specialized complex of vitamins and minerals will not interfere with the future father - to improve the quality of sperm. It is advisable to start taking vitamins for both partners 3 months before the intended conception.

So, in order to prepare the female body for conception, expectant mothers are recommended to take the Pregnoton complex. It contains folic acid, magnesium, selenium, vitamins B and C, necessary to improve the functional state of the female reproductive system and increase fertility.

Pregnoton normalizes the menstrual cycle in preparation for conception, and also provides the body with substances that are necessary for the proper development of the fetus and the normal course of pregnancy. Early intake of Pregnoton reduces the likelihood of developing fetal pathologies and avoids miscarriage in early pregnancy.

For future fathers, the Spematon complex is recommended, which includes L-carnitine, zinc and vitamin E.

• L-carnitine helps to increase the number and motility of spermatozoa, stimulates their maturation, helps to reduce the number of their pathological forms.
• Vitamin E improves sperm motility and concentration.
• Zinc, in turn, increases the level of testosterone and follicle-stimulating hormone - substances responsible for the production of sperm.

It is necessary to prepare thoroughly for the planned pregnancy, and it is better to do it together. Proper advance preparation will help you significantly increase the chances of conceiving and having a healthy baby.

*How Long Does It Normally Take to Get Pregnant? When Should We Be Concerned?