Treatment of inflammation of the female ovaries with antibacterial drugs

Content

Endometritis, contrary to popular belief, is a serious inflammatory pathology that most often occurs in women of childbearing age. According to some reports, about 25 percent of women aged 20 to 35 sooner or later encounter this disease, and about half of them are diagnosed with infertility on the background of this disease.

What is endometritis and why does it appear

To understand what endometritis is, you need to remember the course of anatomy, namely the structure of the uterus. The body of the uterus has three layers:

endometrium - the inner mucous layer of the uterine cavity;
myometrium - middle muscle layer;
perimetrium - outer serous layer.

Inflammation can develop in any of these three layers, however, most often, it occurs in the lining of the uterus, such a disease is called endometritis.

The cause of endometritis is an infection (bacterial, viral, fungal). It can enter the body in several ways:

the entry of viruses through the damaged wall of the uterus during curettage, biopsy, gynecological surgery;
the spread of infectious agents from the cervical canal and vagina into the uterine cavity against the background of a woman's weakened immunity;
after the introduction of intrauterine contraceptives, their removal or against the background of ingrowth of the intrauterine device;
as a result of infection during natural childbirth or caesarean section.

According to some reports, endometritis after the resolution of childbirth by caesarean section, it develops in almost 40% of cases, and after natural birth, in no more than 20%.

Factors provoking the development of gynecological inflammatory diseases.

Abortion, curettage after a missed pregnancy, miscarriage or for diagnostic purposes. The main reason for the development of endometritis in this case is non-compliance with the rules of septic and antiseptics or excessive removal (damage) of the functional layer of the uterus.
Miscarriage. In this case, inflammation (endometritis) is caused by the remnants of the fetal egg in the uterus.
Diagnosis by hysteroscopy or hysterosalpingography. During the procedure, the cervical canal is expanded and its walls are damaged, which can lead to a weakening of the immune defense and penetration of the infection deep into the organ.
Manipulations with intrauterine contraceptives (spirals).
Frequent douching, which wash out the protective layer from the vagina.
Complications of childbirth. Bleeding, protracted labor, early discharge of amniotic fluid, manual separation and the remains of the placenta in the uterus provoke endometritis.
Cesarean section is one of the main reasons for the development of inflammation.
Sexual intercourse during critical days (especially if barrier contraceptives are not used). An open cervical canal during bleeding reduces the natural defenses of the uterus, opening the way for pathogens.
Frequent or timely untreated diseases of the pelvic organs.

Classification

Depending on the severity of the course of inflammation, there are:

acute endometritis,
chronic endometritis.

Acute endometritis most often appears after gynecological interventions. The incubation period for this disease is no more than 3-4 days. Symptoms of the disease are always pronounced:

a sharp increase in body temperature (up to 38-40 degrees);
symptoms of intoxication of the body (weakness, dizziness, headache, chills, sweating, nausea, vomiting, lack of strength, loss of appetite, pallor of the skin);
pain in the lower abdomen and lower back (acute, cramping, pulling, aching, radiating to the legs and shoulder blades);
vaginal discharge (mucus, bleeding, pus, ichorus), discharge with an unpleasant odor may occur.

The more pronounced the symptoms disease, the greater the area of damage on the uterine mucosa.

Chronic endometritis develops if, after gynecological interventions, the patient took antibiotics and the symptoms of an acute form of inflammation were blurred because of this, as well as in cases where the treatment was prescribed incorrectly or was not carried out to the end. Cases of penetration of infection into the uterus against the background of weakening local immunity are also recorded.

Chronic endometritis is extremely dangerous their complications, because patients do not feel any special changes in their body and come to the gynecologist's appointment too late.

the temperature can be within the normal range, periodically rise or stay at the level of 37-38 degrees;
failures of the menstrual cycle - an increase in the number of discharges, a prolongation of bleeding time, involuntary bleeding from the uterus, spotting on the eve of menstruation and after it, a prolonged absence of menstruation or a decrease in the length of the cycle;
periodic pain in the lower abdomen, including during bowel and bladder emptying, during intercourse;
discharge of mucus from the vagina, possibly with an admixture of pus and an unpleasant smell of rot;
miscarriages;
infertility.

Treatment

In gynecology, antibiotics are used quite often. After all, inflammations are caused by pathogenic bacteria, which can only be destroyed by drugs and tablets with a powerful antibacterial effect.

Antibiotic treatment of acute endometritis is the basic therapy. Most often, these drugs are prescribed even before receiving an analysis that will determine the pathogen and its susceptibility to a particular type of drug. The thing is that severe symptoms and the degree of damage to the uterus do not allow waiting for the results of BAC-seeding (7-10 days), and modern general-spectrum antibiotics will most likely help improve the patient's condition in the coming days.

In the treatment of inflammation of the uterus, an antibiotic is often used; Metronidazole (an antiprotozoal drug) in the form of vaginal suppositories or tablets.

Antibiotics are taken for 7-10 days, depending on the severity of the condition. After receiving the results of bacterial culture, if necessary, the treatment regimen is corrected or additional drugs are added to the original prescription.

Antibiotics for acute inflammation of the endometrium:

cephalosporin,
metrogil,
clindamycin,
Chloramphenicol,
Gentamicin,
Levomycetin,
Lincomycin,
Ampicillin.

It is desirable to administer antibiotics intramuscularly in a hospital, although sometimes drugs are prescribed in the form of tablets, which must be taken 2-3 times a day. However, the treatment of acute forms of inflammation or its exacerbation is still carried out only in a hospital under the supervision of medical personnel.

Surgery

Surgical treatment of endometritis is necessary when it is impossible to eliminate the cause of its occurrence only with the help of medicines. If the disease is caused by the remnants of the ovum or placenta in the uterus, ingrowth or unsuccessful installation of the intrauterine device, it is necessary to perform surgery under general anesthesia to empty the uterus.

Cleaning can only be done after elimination of the main symptoms of the acute form of the disease and lowering the temperature to below 38 degrees.

Treatment of chronic endometritis

The chronic form of the disease is treated on an outpatient basis. To begin with, a PCR diagnostic is carried out to identify the causative agent of the inflammatory process. Depending on the results of the examination, antifungal, antiviral or antibacterial drugs are prescribed. Additionally, the uterine cavity (lavage) is washed with special solutions (drugs "Furacilin", "Miramistin", "Lidase"), which allow you to quickly get rid of the pathogenic flora.

It often happens that infections have been in the body for a long time, and hormonal imbalances do not allow the body to completely get rid of the disease and restore the endometrium on its own. In such situations, treatment is prescribed to normalize the functioning of the uterine mucosa.

Hormone therapy with combined oral contraceptives for 3-6 months (preparations "Yarina", "Belara", "Zhanin").
Physiotherapeutic treatment - gynecological massage, baths, douching, magnetotherapy, laser therapy, phonophoresis and others improve blood circulation in the small pelvis, providing anti-inflammatory and corrective effects on the pelvic organs.
Immunomodulatory drugs improve the state of local and general immunity of a woman, allowing you to get rid of chronic endometritis on your own.

In time, untreated endometritis threatens not only with infertility, but also with the development of a purulent form of the disease, which can lead to the development of salpingo-oophoritis, pelvioperitonitis, and even sepsis, a life-threatening condition. To avoid such complications, always consult a doctor on time and complete the treatment. Incomplete course of antibiotics and lack of control of cure threatens with the development of latent forms of the disease, which in the future will manifest themselves as chronic pelvic pain, inability to have sexual intercourse, adhesions in the uterus and disruption of the cycle.

Inflammatory processes in the organs of the female reproductive system can be caused by various pathogens, most often bacterial infections. Properly used antibiotics for inflammation of the uterus effectively fight pathogenic microorganisms and prevent aggravation of the pathology.

Antibiotics are naturally produced by various microorganisms. Their main task is to resist the invasion of alien microbes and destroy them. Most often, these substances are synthesized by bacteria and fungi. There are many modified antimicrobial compounds that have a wide spectrum of action and a high degree of effectiveness.

Treatment of inflammatory processes in the uterus, appendages (ovaries, fallopian tubes and ligaments), cervical canal and vagina is almost always carried out with the use of antibiotics. The doctor's choice of the form of the drug, its dosage depends on the sensitivity of the pathogen to the pharmacological agent.

In order to determine the reaction of the body to a particular antibiotic, a special analysis is done in the bacteriological laboratory. If this is not possible, then specialists practice the appointment of drugs that act on a large number of infectious agents.

Antibiotics do not act on viruses and fungi, which also sometimes cause inflammation in the reproductive organs of women. However, most often the source of the problem is bacteria that provoke the development of the disease:

vaginitis (cause - streptococci, staphylococci, gonococci, trichomonas);
vulvitis (pyogenic and intestinal flora);
bartholinitis (streptococci, gonococci and other microbes);
salpingitis (streptococci, staphylococci, E. coli, tubercle bacillus);
salpingoophoritis (gonococci, colibacilli, streptococci, staphylococci);
endometritis (Staphylococcus aureus, tubercle bacillus).

Microorganisms, once in the body of a woman, immediately begin to actively multiply. The immune system is not always able to cope with them. Therefore, it is necessary to be treated with antibiotics to remove the inflammatory process.

All antimicrobials are divided into two groups:

bacteriostatics that inhibit the growth and reproduction of pathogens;
bactericides that destroy microbes that are later excreted from the body.

Features of antibiotic therapy

With pronounced and other reproductive organs, which are confirmed by laboratory tests, a course of treatment is prescribed. Its obligatory part is the use of antibiotics.

Depending on the severity of the process, the doctor determines the dosage of antimicrobials used in the treatment. In order not to waste time waiting for the results of the microflora sensitivity analysis, the first thing to do is prescribe antibiotics that have a wide spectrum of action - Azithromycin, Kanamycin, Rifampicin, Metronidazole and others.

Upon receipt of research data, they are changed to the drug that has a detrimental effect on the identified infection.

These drugs include:

To enhance the therapeutic effect, their use is practiced in combination with Metronidazole (Metrogyl). One effective treatment is topical antibiotics.

With inflammation of the genital organ, the gynecologist is faced with the task of eliminating the pathological process and normalizing the menstrual function. It is disturbed due to mucosal edema and manifests itself in the form of bleeding that occurs at the wrong time or too scarce discharge, often acquiring a smearing character.

The principle of action of antibacterial drugs is based on the fact that they are quickly absorbed into the blood and enter the diseased organ. There, antibiotics disrupt the synthesis of protein structures in bacterial cells, which leads to their death.

Along with high efficiency, drugs used in the treatment of cervicitis, endometritis and others can cause adverse reactions. Most often they manifest themselves in the form of allergies, disorders of the digestive and nervous systems. Other symptoms of individual intolerance are possible.

Using antibiotic vaginal suppositories

If you need to get rid of endometritis or, the treatment and suppositories that are used must contain antibiotics. This form of medicine is very convenient, because it allows you to deliver the active substance directly to the site of inflammation, bypassing the effects on other organs and systems, among which the digestive system is especially sensitive.

The therapeutic effect when using vaginal suppositories, as candles are otherwise called, comes faster. This applies to complex therapy and their individual use. Suppositories for inflammation, which gynecologists prescribe to their patients, contain anti-inflammatory and antibacterial components. Their action occurs immediately after the introduction into the vagina. The medicinal substance that is present in them has a bactericidal and anti-inflammatory effect. It affects the diseased organ for a long time.

Only a gynecologist can prescribe suppositories that a woman should use in the treatment of inflammation in the pelvic organs, focusing on which pathogen caused the disease. He also recommends the duration and scheme of using suppositories.

Most often, experts prescribe suppositories, which include an antibiotic or antiseptic substance with a wide spectrum of action.

It could be:

In some cases, suppositories containing anti-inflammatory and analgesic substances are used as an additional remedy. These are Diclofenac, Indomethacin, Movalis. It is also possible to prescribe Ovestin suppositories, which are based on estriol, a synthetic substance that acts as the female hormone estrogen.

The use of vaginal suppositories helps to achieve the destruction of the bacterial pathogen and the rapid removal of inflammation. Already half an hour after the introduction into the vagina, up to 50% of the medicine contained in the suppositories enters the body, and after an hour it is completely absorbed. Additional components of suppositories (perfumes and paraffin) do not enter the bloodstream. They are excreted from the body of a woman with secretions.

Unlike injections and tablets, with which antibiotics enter the body, suppositories are much less likely to cause side effects. However, there is still a small chance of an allergic reaction to the active substance. In some cases, there are violations of the hematopoietic, digestive, genitourinary and nervous systems.

The use of vaginal suppositories containing an antibiotic in pregnant women and nursing mothers is used only if there is no risk of harming the baby. Therefore, without consulting a doctor, it will not work.

Under inflammation in a feminine way, as people often say, it is customary to mean inflammation of the appendages, which are denoted by medical terms - adnexitis or salpingo-oophoritis. The appendages, in turn, consist not only of the ovaries, as many mistakenly think, but also of the fallopian (uterine) tubes.

The etiology of inflammatory processes in the female organs is most often infectious, bacterial in nature. Moreover, in 70% of all cases, chlamydia and gonococci are the cause of inflammation. The culprits of the remaining cases of the disease are strepto-, staphylococci and other infections of a venereal nature. As a rule, antibiotics are used to treat inflammation of this etiology. Moreover, an antibiotic should be prescribed by a specialist, which is aimed at eliminating a specific type of virus.

A gynecologist should diagnose and treat. Mycoplasma, chlamydia, trichomaniasis and ureplasma can be detected using a blood test. A smear of the cervix and vagina is made without fail, which allows you to grow a bacterium and, as a result, make the most accurate solution to the problem. Therapy of inflammation of the ovaries with antibiotics is carried out for 2-4 weeks. Sometimes taking antibiotics for diseases of the appendages takes a longer time.

Antibiotic treatment for adnexitis

Today, antibiotics remain one of the most effective ways to neutralize inflammatory processes in the body, including inflammation of the female organs. It is very important that an antibiotic be selected by a specialist individually for each case and bring minimal damage to a woman's health. It is important to remember that viruses can get used to a certain type of antibiotics over time, therefore, in case of chronic inflammation, it is necessary to periodically change the tactics of treatment and replace the usual antibiotic with another belonging to the same group.

In no case should a woman start the disease and go to the clinic when the first symptoms of adnexitis appear: pathological discharge; intense pain in the lower abdomen; malaise and weakness; violation of the cycle of menstruation; soreness during sexual intimacy, etc. One or another antibiotic is prescribed exclusively by a specialist. Often, women themselves purchase drugs recommended by pharmacists (Metronidazole, etc.). Self-administration of an antibiotic can harm health.

Antibiotics for the treatment of adnexitis

As already mentioned, the most correct solution for inflammation of the appendages caused by various viruses is the use of antibiotics. Among the existing types of drugs in this group, the most commonly prescribed (tablets, suppositories, injections):

Azithromycin, Erythromycin (belong to the group of macrolides);
Tetracycline, Doxacycline (tatracycline group);
Kanamycin, Gentamicin (aminoglycositis group);
Clindamycin (a group of lincosamides);
Ampicillin, Ampiox, Oxacillin (penicillin group);
metronidazole (nitroimidazoles);
Ofloxacin (gkppa fluoroquinolones).

Each of the drugs is aimed at treating certain types of bacteria, and some can have a complex effect on different types of viruses. So with chlamydia, Metronidazole and drugs containing azithromycin will be the most effective. You can eliminate the inflammatory processes caused by gono-, entero- and streptococci with the help of Cedex and Ceftributen (tablets).

Zoomax is quite effective in the treatment of diseases of the genitourinary system. Erythromycin will help get rid of chlamydia and mycoplasmosis (prescribed as injections).

Most of these drugs are prescribed in a complex, where the components of one drug enhance the effect of another. It is the complex therapy of inflammatory diseases of the appendages that gives a positive result.

Tetracyclines for adnexitis

Not so long ago, the treatment of inflammation of a different nature was carried out most often by a group of tetracycline antibiotics. As a result, a large number of bacteria have developed immunity to the action of such drugs. In addition, drugs with tetracyclines have a fairly extensive list of side effects.

Despite this, with inflammation of the appendages, doctors quite often recommend taking Doxycycline, which belongs to the group of tetracyclines. This remedy must be taken 2 tablets per day. Among all tetracyclines, doxycycline is characterized by the least number of side effects, is quickly excreted from the body and is effective in inflammation of the ovaries and appendages in general.

A group of antibiotic derivatives of nitromidazole

This group of drugs includes Metronidazole, which has a wide spectrum of action and affects various types of bacteria. According to the instructions, Metronidazole should be taken one tablet three times a day. But with inflammation of the ovaries, any doses recommended by the instructions must be agreed and adjusted by a specialist. Metronidazole is effective in the complex therapy of inflammatory diseases.

Macrolides for inflammation of the appendages

The macrolide group of drugs is quite effective for the treatment of ovarian diseases. Specialists prescribe the following drugs for inflammation. Related to macrolides: klacid, sumamed, vilprafen, erythromycin, azithromycin, etc. All these drugs actively suppress the vital activity of infectious pathogens that cause diseases of the genitourinary system.

Unlike the tetracycline group of antibiotics, these antibiotics remain in the body longer, as they are characterized by a relatively slow decay time. As a result, the healing process is much faster.

A group of penicillin antibiotics for adnexitis

Among penicillin drugs, popular and effective for inflammation of the ovaries and appendages are such drugs as: Amoxicillin, Amoxiclav, Ampiox, Oxacillin, etc.

Antibiotics of the penicillin group are often prescribed in combination with drugs from other groups (Metranidazole and its derivatives, antifungal agents, macrolides, etc.).

A group of fluoroquinones in the treatment of appendages

It is this group of antibiotics that is considered the most effective today in the treatment of diseases of the ovaries and the entire genitourinary system. It is quite difficult for bacteria to adapt and resist the action of fluoroquinones. If the patient does not have any contraindications, then the doctors prescribe exactly the drugs of this group. Among them, it is worth highlighting: Tarivid, Pefloxacin, Tsiprobay, Urobacid, Lomefloxacin, Tsifran, etc.

Group of cephalosporins

This group of drugs is obtained from fungi. The most effective in the treatment of diseases of the ovaries and appendages from this group of drugs is Cefazolin. Ceftriaxone (including its analogues) is also characterized by a good result. Both drugs are administered intravenously. The dose is set exclusively by a specialist. The minimum duration of therapy with drugs of the cephalosporin group is a week.

Complex use of drugs for adnexitis

Many women are interested in the question of which of the antibacterial agents is most effective in ovarian diseases and is sufficient to treat one type of antibiotic. It has already been written above that most often the treatment of ovarian diseases is complex. This is due to the fact that it is usually caused not by one pathogen, but by several at the same time, therefore, after an accurate diagnosis of the cause of the inflammatory process of the ovaries, doctors can prescribe a wide variety of combinations of antibacterial drugs of various groups in order to maximize the power of suppressing the vital activity of bacteria. Sufficiently high activity to anaerobic type bacteria is characterized by Metronidazole. In addition, it is Metronidazole that is much more affordable than most other drugs.

Before the pathogen is determined with the help of tests, but the diagnosis of an inflammatory disease of the genitourinary system is established, broad-spectrum antibacterial drugs are prescribed. When the causative bacterium is grown, the drug can be replaced by another, stronger one. Replacement of the drug is also necessary if there is no improvement in the patient's condition after taking previously prescribed drugs. Under broad-spectrum drugs, it is necessary to understand drugs that effectively suppress the pathogens of chlamydia, mycoplasma and ureplasma, because it is these bacteria that most often cause diseases of the genitourinary system of a woman.

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To date, pharmacists can offer us a large selection of antibiotics. And they are very widely and successfully used in gynecology.

Antibiotics are substances of plant, microbial or animal origin, the action is aimed at the destruction of pathogens. They are divided into classes, generations, chemical composition, spectrum of their activity, etc. Antibiotics affect only bacteria, they are not prescribed for fungal and viral infections.

Inflammatory processes and treatment

Treatment of inflammatory processes in gynecology is often carried out with the help of antibiotics in various forms. For successful treatment, it is important to choose the right drugs and their dosage.

What do we have to do:

Take tests to establish the body's sensitivity to a particular antibiotic, as well as the sensitivity of the infectious agent to a particular drug.
If the first point is not observed, antibiotics are most often prescribed, which have a wide range of applications. Antibiotic treatment should not be carried out for more than 7 days. The antibiotic acts on the microflora of the genital organs and their pathways, so treatment should be carried out in conjunction with antifungal drugs.

The action of drugs

All antibiotics according to the mechanism of action are divided into bacteriostatic and bactericidal and preparations.

Bacteriostatic antibiotics inhibit growth and prevent microorganisms from multiplying.
Bactericidal antibiotics kill pathological bacteria, which are then excreted from the body.

Due to these properties, antibiotics are needed in the treatment of inflammatory diseases. After all, it is pathogenic bacteria that are the culprits of women's suffering. And there are a lot of such diseases in gynecology, here are some of them:

inflammation of the labia;
inflammation of the vaginal mucosa;
inflammation of the cervical canal;
inflammation of the fallopian tubes;
inflammation of the uterus;
inflammation of the ovaries.

If infections such as chlamydia and gonococci, as well as staphylococci, streptococci, etc., enter the body, they immediately begin their vigorous activity. Unfortunately, our body, namely the immune system, is not able to cope with these bacteria alone. And then antibiotics come to our aid, and remove the entire inflammatory process in the body.

Usually, inflammatory processes manifest themselves very sharply, it can be temperature, acute pain, discharge, etc. And you should not wait and hope that everything will go away on its own. Just during the period of these painful sensations, the disease is treatable. And, as a rule, from 7-14 days is enough for a complete recovery, depending on the severity of your disease. Untimely access to a specialist can subsequently lead to a chronic disease. Treatment, which will be long and expensive.

Antibiotics and their classification

It is also not worth choosing one or another treatment for yourself, namely, choosing antibiotics. After all, you do not know what kind of disease you have. The wrong choice of antibiotic can only harden the infection, which will require a stronger drug to remove.

Antibiotics in gynecology of a wide spectrum of action, universal - list:

Ampicillin;
Azithromycin;
Aminoglycoside;
Erythromycin;
Kanamycin;
Metronidazole;
Monomycin;
Neomycin;
Penicillins;
Rifamcin;
Streptomycin;
Tetracyclines;
Cephalosporins.

The active substance of these drugs affects a large number of microorganisms. But there is also a negative side to these antibiotics. They inhibit not only bacteria harmful to the body, but our immunity and kill the intestinal microflora.

But sometimes in gynecology, potent broad-spectrum drugs are also used. In such antibiotics, the active substance is more purified and therefore it does not have such a high toxicity in comparison with the above drugs.

List of potent new generation antibiotics with a wide spectrum of action:

The use of suppositories for inflammation

In addition to tablet forms, intramuscular and intravenous injections of antibiotics, there are also suppositories. They are of two types, general and local, these are rectal and vaginal. They are very effective in the treatment of infectious diseases. Candles are used in gynecology, both as a separate treatment and in complex therapy. Thus, the treatment of the disease is faster and more effective. The active substance of the drugs acts on pathogens simultaneously from two sides. Candles are distinguished by the drugs that are part of them.

infectious- suppositories with metronidazole, which are used in the treatment of trichomonas infections;
bactericidal candles - betadione, which destroy the harmful environment in the vagina, under the action of iodine released from the candle. With bacterial vaginosis, candles "Terzhanin" and "Dalacin" are prescribed.
Anti-inflammatory- candles, which contain hexicon. They are hastily used both in the treatment and prevention of inflammatory diseases. Thanks to these suppositories, the risk of sexually transmitted diseases is minimal.
Pimafucinaceae candles are used for inflammatory diseases that are caused by a fungus.

Also, in gynecology, suppositories with analgesic and antipyretic effects are used. They include analgin and paracetamol.

The use of suppositories is necessary under the strict supervision of a gynecologist after a thorough examination. Before using all these drugs, you must inform the doctor about the presence of an allergy to one or other medications. After all, it is better to prevent than to treat the consequences later.

The timely correct use of antibiotics in the treatment of women's diseases is the key to your health, as well as the opportunity for many to conceive, endure and give birth to a healthy child.

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Etiology

The direct cause of the infectious process are pathogenic and conditionally pathogenic microorganisms. Infection of the body can occur as a result of sexual intercourse with a sick partner, less often - have a household transmission route. But in most cases, it is provoked by certain factors that give impetus to the development of the inflammatory process, and first of all, it is a decrease in general and local immunity, as well as a change in the normal composition of the vaginal microflora.

Another equally important factor contributing to the development of inflammatory diseases is any wound surface. This can be either microscopic damage to the mucosa after violent intercourse, or an extensive field after childbirth, abortion, curettage and other operations on the pelvic organs. Against the background of reduced immunity, the opportunistic microflora is quickly activated and spreads further along the ascending path. Summing up, we can say that any damage to the mucosa (mechanical, thermal, chemical) is the entrance gate for infection, and disturbed microflora and reduced immunity can no longer stop it.

Among other factors that can indirectly cause women's diseases, we can name the presence of foci of chronic infection in the body, prolonged use of antibiotics, hypothermia, constant stress, endocrine disorders and malnutrition. But all of them, one way or another, primarily cause a weakening of the immune system or disrupt the normal environment in the vagina.

Symptoms of inflammation in women

Signs of inflammatory diseases of the genital organs are focal (local) and general. The main symptom complex is as follows:

pulling, aching pain in the lower abdomen;
pain and discomfort during intercourse;
slight fever and chills;
sleep disorders, appetite;
the phenomena of dyspepsia and the painful act of defecation;
change in the menstrual cycle;
leucorrhoea - abundant vaginal discharge with an unpleasant odor;
itching of the genitals;
pain when urinating.

Complications of female inflammatory diseases

With self-treatment or late referral to a doctor, an acute inflammatory process can turn into a chronic phase. More formidable consequences - adhesions, obstruction of the fallopian tubes, menstrual irregularities - can cause infertility. In addition, inflammation affects the general condition of the body, causing general intoxication and involving other systems and organs in the process, such as the liver, kidneys and nervous tissue. Metabolic processes suffer because ionic balance is disturbed and acidosis develops.

Treatment of inflammation in a feminine way

Therapy of any inflammatory processes of the genital organs should be only complex. In many cases, the woman's sexual partner must also be treated.

The main treatment regimen:

etiotropic therapy aimed at destroying the pathogen with the help of antibiotics and sulfa drugs;
stimulation of the body's defenses with immunomodulators (thymalin, thymosin, gamma globulin, pyrogenal);
increasing resistance to infections with drugs from the group of biostimulants (aloe extract, placenta extract, plasmol, FiBS);
physiotherapeutic methods (ultrasound, phonophoresis, electrophoresis, UHF, microwave, laser therapy), mud therapy, balneotherapy, exercise therapy and therapeutic massage.

In severe acute processes, the following groups of drugs are additionally included in the general treatment regimen:

detoxification (hemodez and glucose-vitamin solutions);
desensitizing (antihistamines or glucocorticoids);
enzymatic (lysozyme, trasilol);
painkillers;
vitamins.

Treatment of any inflammatory process begins with the appointment of broad-spectrum antibiotics. These include drugs of the penicillin group, cephalosporins, macrolides, polymyxins and some others. What to treat specifically - only a doctor can say. All drugs have a pronounced bactericidal effect on most gram-positive microorganisms. But it is best to do a bacterial culture of a smear for sensitivity in order to know exactly which drug will help to cope with the infection.

In addition to antibiotics, the doctor may prescribe treatment with sulfonamides, which are effective not only against gram-positive bacteria, but can also cope with gram-negative microorganisms, as well as some protozoa. In some cases, such drugs are prescribed if the patient has intolerance to antibiotics or, conversely, to enhance their effect.

Immunostimulants increase and strengthen the body's defenses by targeting a specific part of the immune system. Biogenic stimulants accelerate tissue regeneration, increase the body's resistance, enhance metabolism and normalize redox processes.

The action of drugs for detoxification is aimed at neutralizing and quickly removing toxins from the body. They increase the volume of circulating blood, improve its rheological properties (viscosity), have an antihypoxic effect, saturating the blood with oxygen and stimulating metabolic processes.

Desensitizing drugs by neutralizing inflammatory mediators (serotonin, histamine) help to reduce the inflammatory response, relieve swelling and redness, remove itching. Some of them have sedative and hypnotic effects.

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Women's health is a fragile thing that requires careful attitude to yourself and regular visits to the gynecologist. A slight decrease in air temperature can bring significant problems. Actually in gynecology are the most common among all other diseases. If you do not consult a doctor in time, this will lead to terrible complications, such as infertility.

What does female inflammation mean?

Infectious processes are caused by various pathogenic microorganisms. Infection occurs due to unprotected sexual contact with a sick partner, and also extremely rarely when using other people's personal items. But often it can be triggered by some factors that push the development of inflammatory processes. These include a decrease in the body's defenses, as well as a change in the normal microflora of the vagina.

Other important factors that provoke the development of inflammatory pathologies are trauma to the mucosa due to hard sexual intercourse, childbirth, abortion, surgery, etc. As a result of a decrease in the body's defenses, pathogenic microorganisms are rapidly activated and penetrate further along the ascending path.

Among other factors affecting the occurrence of the inflammatory process, there are:

Prolonged and uncontrolled use of antibacterial drugs
hypothermia
stressful situations
Endocrine disorders and malnutrition

Inflammatory diseases in gynecology include the following:

endometritis
Genital warts
Vaginitis
Vulvitis
Furunculosis of the vulva
Adnexitis, etc.

In order to seek help from a doctor in time, it is important to know the symptoms of the manifestation of inflammatory processes. Learn more about this below in the article.

Signs of inflammatory processes

Symptoms of inflammatory processes can be both general and local. Among these, it is worth highlighting the following:

Discomfort during intercourse
Slight increase in temperature
Chills
sleep disorder
Refusal to eat
Violation of the normal functioning of the stomach
Pain during bowel movements
Cutting while urinating
Itching and burning of the genitals

The appearance of at least two signs is already a reason to see a doctor. Do not sit at home, otherwise you will miss the already precious time.

What to treat?

Treatment of absolutely any inflammatory pathologies should be comprehensive. In some cases, therapy must be carried out by a woman and her partner.

Candles

There are quite a few medicines that can be used for the treatment of women: various tablets, ointments, suppositories, etc. However, it is suppositories for inflammation in a feminine way that occupy a separate place.

There are quite a few candles for the treatment of gynecological pathologies and they are divided into 2 types:

rectal
vaginal

Important! Only the doctor has the right to decide whether it is necessary to carry out treatment with candles for various gynecological pathologies. Which suppositories are suitable, as well as the course of treatment, can only be said by the doctor after a complete examination of the patient.

Below is a list of popular and frequently prescribed drugs:

Diclofenac
Pimafucin
Betadine
Trichocid
Sea buckthorn candles
Polygynax
Viferon
Vagilak, etc.

Rectal suppositories are used to treat inflammatory processes such as, for example, colpitis. The fact is that through the rectum, the active ingredient enters the blood several times faster, which makes it possible to achieve an instant therapeutic result. Frequently used ones include:

Hexicon
Anuzol
Diclofenac
Movalis, etc.

Gynecological suppositories, they are also suppositories - this is a form of therapeutic agents that have a local effect. By their properties, such drugs are very different from other drugs. At room temperature, they do not change their consistency, but when in contact with the body, they melt. Anti-inflammatory suppositories in gynecology are used to treat many diseases associated with the genitourinary system.

Means such as suppositories are injected either into the rectum or into the vagina. Rectal preparations are in the form of a cylinder or cone with a rounded end. They have a local and general effect due to their ability to be highly absorbed through the rectum. Vaginal type suppositories may be ovoid, spherical or flat, rounded.

Amoxicillin veterinary, 15% antibiotic, in a vial - 10 ml or 100 ml. Designed to treat infections caused by bacteria. Used to treat various animals: cats, dogs, etc. 1 ml contains 150 milligrams of amoxicillin trihydrate and an oily-looking filler.

endometrium - the mucous membrane that covers the uterus from the inside;

myometrium - the middle layer, consisting of smooth muscle tissue;

perimetry - external, serous, it is a continuation of the peritoneum covering the organs of the small pelvis.

the acidic environment of the vagina and the preservation of normal microflora in it;

In conditions of trouble, when natural barriers are violated and the protective properties of a woman's body are weakened, pathogens can penetrate into the uterine cavity and develop inflammation there.

Endometritis is nothing more than an inflammation of the inner layer of the uterus - the endometrium. The process can also extend to the muscle layer, then we should talk about endomyometritis.

Every woman with a similar diagnosis will probably ask: what is the reason? What are the risk factors? What exactly could provoke the development of such an unpleasant disease?

recent abortions;

As a rule, inflammation is provoked by a variety of infectious agents. More often than others, staphylococci, streptococci, anaerobic microorganisms, or combinations of them are found. Why is this happening?

At the time of childbirth, the endometrium is a large wound surface, in which there are good conditions for the reproduction and life of various microbes. With prolonged childbirth, trauma to the cervix, as well as in the presence of a focus of inflammation in the genital tract, there is a threat of penetration of the infection deep into the body of the uterus. In such conditions, it is very important to control the normal state of the vaginal microflora even before the birth of the child and to treat the existing inflammatory foci in a timely manner.

In the case of delivery by caesarean section, the inner lining of the uterus through the surgical wound comes into contact with the external environment, suture material and the hands of the operating surgeon. Therefore, postpartum endometritis occurs in almost half of the cases with such interventions.

Among the microorganisms that cause chronic inflammation in the endometrium, one can distinguish Escherichia, Proteus, Klebsiella, anaerobic microflora. In a situation where the infectious agent is chlamydia. mycoplasmas. cytomegalovirus. herpes simplex or human papillomaviruses. talk about the specific nature of the infection.

Nowadays, both acute and chronic variants of endometrial inflammation respond well to therapy, but only if the woman turned to specialists for help in time. Fortunately, the times when the so-called labor fever (acute postpartum endometritis) claimed the lives of almost half of all puerperas have passed.

an increase in body temperature, sometimes to significant numbers (38-39 ºС);

the appearance of an uncharacteristic discharge from the genital tract (bloody-purulent, mucopurulent);

pain in the lower abdomen.

In the acute course of endometritis, inflammation can spread to the fallopian tubes, ovaries. involve the pelvic peritoneum. In this case, the development of the so-called pelvioperitonitis with the accumulation of pus in the parauterine, perirectal tissue is possible. In violation of the outflow of purulent discharge from the uterus, for example, with narrowing of the cervical canal, pyometra develops.

If such complaints appear, it is necessary to immediately inform the attending physician about them, describe in detail the nature of the discharge and changes in the general condition.

Causes and risk factors

The only reason for the development of endometritis is the penetration of pathogens into the uterus.

abortions

spiral installation

scraping

hysteroscopy

with chronic uterine disease.

long birth,

retained placenta,

caesarean section,

bleeding after childbirth

bacterial vaginosis.

If any symptoms occur, the girl must be examined by her doctor. Many women have no sense of self-preservation, but this disease does not forgive mistakes, so if you suspect that something is wrong with your body, be sure to go to the medical center.

childbirth;

operations on the uterus.

Throughout pregnancy, not only strong hormonal changes occur, but also the suppression of various immune defense reactions in the woman's body, which is necessary to maintain pregnancy and develop the baby. For this reason, many expectant mothers suffer from exacerbation of various infections or even from the emergence of new ones even before childbirth.

In the postpartum period, the cause of acute endometritis can be a slow contraction of the uterus and the remnants of placental tissue that are not removed from it in time, which will be a good breeding ground for microorganisms.

Knowing these reasons, you should not panic and look for signs of illness, because it is important for expectant mothers to remain calm and in a good mood. If there were no predisposing factors before or during pregnancy, or if the foci of infection were cured if possible, then the risk of postpartum endometritis, even in the case of caesarean section, is minimal.

In some cases, it is not possible to identify the etiological factor in chronic endometritis using conventional research methods, then modern methods will come to the rescue - PCR (polymerase chain reaction) and the immunocytochemical method.

What is uterine endometritis and its types?

Antibiotics used in gynecology have a wide spectrum of action. A lot of them.

The main and most common:

tetracycline;
penicillin;
erythromycin;
ampicillin;
streptomycin;
monomycin;
azithromycin;
rifampicin and others.

Antibiotics prevent microorganisms from developing by inhibiting their growth and destroying them. The action of antibiotics is so wide that, in addition to harmful microorganisms, they also kill beneficial bacteria. The intestinal mucosa is especially susceptible to damage. The immune system suffers greatly from antibiotics. Therefore, in case of gynecological diseases after a course of antibiotics, it is necessary to compensate for the losses of the body, supporting it with the intake of vitamins.

Antibiotics in gynecology of a wide spectrum of action, universal - list:

Ampicillin;
Azithromycin;
Aminoglycoside;
Erythromycin;
Kanamycin;
Metronidazole;
Monomycin;
Neomycin;
Penicillins;
Rifamcin;
Streptomycin;
Tetracyclines;
Cephalosporins.

List of potent new generation antibiotics with a wide spectrum of action:

Amoxiclav;
Cefamandol;
Unidox Solutab;
Cefuroxime;
Rulid;
Cephroxitin;
Ceftazidime;
Cefotaxime;
Latamoxef;
Cefixime;
Cefpodoxime;
Spiramycin;
Rovamycin;
Fusidin;
Avelox;
Ciprofloxacin.

For the treatment of infection, drugs of different forms of release are used. The doctor may prescribe to a woman: tablets, suppositories, solutions for subcutaneous or intramuscular injections, that is, injections.

In the form of tablets, the drugs are taken by mouth, and this is associated with some risks. Having penetrated into the stomach, they have a detrimental effect on beneficial microorganisms and cause dysbacteriosis and other digestive disorders.

Injections are the most effective, they are used mainly in stationary conditions. Various injections enhance the effect of antibacterial drugs. Help reduce their negative impact on the gastrointestinal organs.

The appointment of antibiotics in suppositories in gynecology is perceived as an auxiliary treatment. In fact, these drugs are remarkably effective, act locally on problems, and minimize the risks associated with such treatment.

It should be noted that vaginal suppositories are used in gynecology for women. For the treatment of men, rectal suppositories are used.

In gynecology, antibiotics from the inflammatory process and infections are used in a variety of ways. The drugs used have a wide spectrum of influence, such drugs are universal, produced in the form of injections or tablets. There is also a new generation of antibiotics, they are not so toxic and at the same time effective.

There are universal antibiotics in gynecology. A list of such drugs is given below:

"Ampicillin" is a drug familiar to many people, of semi-synthetic origin, often prescribed by doctors, but has a number of disadvantages.
"Erythromycin" - a drug that is well tolerated by the body and is among the macrolides, breaks the bonds between molecules and causes the death of pathogens.
Tetracycline is an inexpensive drug used to treat inflammatory and infectious diseases.
"Metronidazole" is an antimicrobial and antiprotozoal drug that is available in several forms (injectable solution, vaginal gel and tablets).
"Cephalosporin" - is produced in the form of an injection solution, has excellent tolerance, but is prescribed only if indicated. It is a very popular broad-spectrum antibiotic in gynecology.

List of medicines of the newest generation:

"Cefamandol" - found in the form of a powder for the manufacture of an injection solution, is used in the treatment of pathologies of the genitourinary system, infectious diseases of gynecological origin.
"Rulid" - is produced in the form of tablets, perfectly overcomes the barrier of the gastric mucosa. Applied once every twelve hours, it is effective in combating many pathogenic microorganisms.
"Amoxiclav" is an inexpensive and at the same time effective means of a wide range of effects. The composition contains amoxicillin and penicillin.
Ceftazidime is a broad-spectrum drug that is a third-generation antibiotic. Its bactericidal effect is due to the destruction of the cell membrane. It is used in the treatment of inflammatory and infectious diseases of a severe nature.
"Unidox Solutab" - is one of the tracyclines, due to the action of the composition, it destroys the cell membranes of pathogenic microorganisms, reduces protein synthesis. Produced in the form of tablets. These names of antibiotics in gynecology are known to many.

Also, inflamed reproductive organs can be treated with other drugs, in the form of suppositories. They are:

With hexicon - they have an anti-inflammatory effect. They are used for prevention or as part of a complex treatment. When using this class of suppositories, the likelihood of re-infection is minimized.
With bactodin - they have a bactericidal effect, create an unfavorable environment in the vagina for the reproduction and growth of pathogenic microflora.
With metronidazole - used for the treatment of infectious pathologies, the cause of which is Trichomonas.

It must be remembered that the doctor can make antibacterial treatment more effective by using suppositories, the action of which reduces other pathogenic symptoms of the disease. As well as reducing the manifestation of pain and lowers the temperature.

We have already said that there are broad-spectrum antibiotics and are aimed at a narrow range of microbes.

So, I would like to note the most popular drugs of the new generation, which were noted by many doctors and patients according to the final result.

So, among the wide spectrum of action is:

An antibiotic that contains penicillin: amoxicillin, ampicillin, and ticarcycline;
Tetracycline group: this is called Tetracycline;
Fluoroquinolone groups: Levofloxacin, Moxifloxacin, Gatiprofloxacin and Gatifloxacin.
The aminoglycoside component is found in Streptomycin;
The substance amphenicol is present in Chloramphenicol (common Levomycitin);
The content of carbapenem is found in Imipenem, Meropenem, Ertapenem.

Here is a short list of broad spectrum antibiotics.

In addition to them, they also talk about such popular drugs as:

Sumamed;
Cefamandol;
Unicodes Salutab;
Rulid;
Amoxiclav;
Lincomycin;
Cefaperazone;
Cefotaxime;
Cefixime.

If we talk about a narrow spectrum of action, then drugs with the substance penicillin are used here. They are taken from the vital activity of some mold fungi.

And the antibiotic itself is made from the most active benzylpenicillin:

Antibiotic Bicillin,
oxacillin,
Ampicillin
And so on;

Such drugs are aimed at microorganisms with the name cocci (streptococci, staphylococci, etc.), and also with a list of sperochetes. They do an excellent job with severe skin lesions, such as: boils, lichen.

Streptomycin is also noted for narrow-spectrum antibiotics. It is produced by a radiant fungus called Actinomyces globisporus streptomycini and some other organisms. Their action is aimed at a group of bacteria such as gram-negative, gram-positive and acid-resistant.

Among them are such well-known names as:

streptomycin sulfate;
Dihydrostreptomycin pantothenate;
Dihydrostreptimycin ascobbinate.

Often such drugs are prescribed for diagnoses of tuberculosis, and they can also treat many skin diseases.

A narrow-purpose antibiotic is prescribed only by a doctor. It is necessary to strictly observe the dosage and recommendations for admission, and also read the instructions before starting the course.

Colpitis provoked by Trichomonas

If trichomonads are found in the contents of the vagina, then the patient is prescribed suppositories containing metronidazole, which has an antimicrobial effect and is effective in the fight against trichomonads. These are drugs Flagyl, Metrovagini etc. Apply Metrovagin, Flagyl should be 1 supp. before bedtime.

Metronidazole derivatives are also prescribed - Trichopolum, Klion D, Pitrid, Ginalgin, Flagyl, which are put 1 per day for 10 days. Other candles are also widely used:

Gynomax (Tinidazole). Candles Gynomax used for 10 days.
Macmirror- the composition includes nystatin and nifuratel, used for candidiasis, chlamydia, trichomoniasis, nonspecific vaginitis. The course of application is 8 days.
Terzhinan, Mykozhinaks, Meratin-Combi- every day 1 pc. within 10 days.
Also appointed Trichomonacid, Trichocid within 10 days.
Neo-Penotran, containing metronidazole and miconazole, are used 2 times a day for two weeks.
Hexicon- 3 times a day, you need to apply Hexicon for 1-3 weeks.
Tinidazole- an analogue of the drug Hexicon. Apply Tinidazole similarly.
Evkalimin- according to the scheme prescribed by the doctor.

It should be noted that with trichomonas colpitis, therapy with anti-inflammatory suppositories is carried out for three months, in cycles of 10 days. Start of application - immediately after menstruation.

What to use female suppositories for inflammation, which is better, a gynecologist will explain.

Wilprafen for children

Most antibiotics have one common physical and chemical property - instability in dissolved form. That is why oral children's forms of Amoxicillin are produced in the form of granules, from which a suspension is prepared immediately before use.

Some parents, having bought a drug for a child, are trying to figure out for a long time and painfully what to do with this powder in a vial. Let's figure out together how to properly prepare the medicine.

So, in the instructions for use of children's Amoxicillin, it is clearly indicated that the contents of the vial should be dissolved in water. After a cursory reading, the first questions appear. What should the water temperature be? How much is needed?

To prepare a children's suspension of Amoxicillin, you will need cool boiled or purified water. Ideally, the drug is prepared in two steps. As a rule, on the vial itself there is a label (transverse risk), which shows the required level of solvent. Some manufacturers place a risk on the label.

Remember that a properly prepared suspension of Amoxicillin for children is the key to correct dosing, so approach this process responsibly.

Store the finished suspension of Amoxicillin in a cool place, preferably in the refrigerator. At the end of the course of treatment, the remnants of the medicine must be disposed of. The shelf life of the dissolved drug does not exceed three weeks.

And the last. It is very important to shake the vial well before each use of the Amoxicillin suspension. This is necessary for the uniform distribution of the undissolved active substance in the water.

List of antibiotics used in gynecology in the treatment of inflammation of the appendages in children:

Metronidazole.
Ampicillin, Amoxicillin.
Amikacin.
Erythromycin.
Ceftriaxone.

For the treatment of salpingo-oophoritis associated with gonococcal, staphylococcal and streptococcal infections, a combination of penicillins with macrolides, less often aminoglycosides and sulfonamides, is used.

In the treatment of trichomonas, nitroimidazole derivatives are prescribed.

Amoxicillin is widely used in the treatment of children of all ages, including newborns and premature babies. In this case, for children under 5 years of age, amoxicillin is used in the form of a suspension.

Suspension of amoxicillin

Suspension of amoxicillin is prepared at home: chilled boiled water is added to the bottle with granules (up to the mark on the bottle), and shaken. A thick liquid mass of yellowish color is formed, with the smell and taste of strawberries or raspberries. The resulting medicine can be stored for 14 days at room temperature.

With acute otitis.

With pharyngitis, tracheitis. bronchitis.

For skin infections (impetigo).

With mild forms of intestinal infections.

Sometimes - for the treatment of gastric ulcer and 12 duodenal ulcer, as well as for the prevention of recurrence of this disease.

Contraindications

Individual intolerance to the drug;

allergic diathesis and other allergic diseases;

intestinal dysbacteriosis;

Infectious mononucleosis;

lymphocytic leukemia;

severe liver disease.

Caution must be exercised in the treatment of amoxicillin in children with increased bleeding and impaired renal function.

Dosage of amoxicillin for children

Amoxicillin, like any other antibiotic, should only be prescribed to children by a doctor. He also prescribes the dose of the drug, depending on the age and weight of the child, and on the severity of the disease.

1. Children under 2 years old - 20 mg / kg body weight / day. This dose is divided into 3 doses.

2. Children 2-5 years old - 125 mg (i.e. 1/2 scoop of suspension) 3 times a day.

3. Children 5-10 years old - 250 mg (1 measuring spoon of suspension) 3 times a day.

For newborns and premature babies, the doctor prescribes amoxicillin strictly individually, in a small dosage, with extended intervals between doses of the drug.

For children, the drug is prescribed in the form of a suspension or in the form of Vilprafen Solutab tablets diluted in water. Indications and contraindications for the appointment are the same as in adults.

Wilprafen is contraindicated for premature babies.

Newborns and children under 3 months, as well as children weighing less than 10 kg Vilprafen prescribed in rare cases, only after accurate weighing.

The daily dose for children weighing less than 10 kg is 40-50 mg / kg of the child's weight; divided into 2-3 doses.

With a child weighing 10-20 kg, Vilprafen is prescribed 250-500 mg (1/4 or 1/2 tablets) 2 times a day. It is advisable to dissolve the tablet in water.

With a child's body weight of 20-40 kg, the drug is prescribed at 500-1000 mg (1/2 or a whole tablet) 2 times a day.

Children weighing over 40 kg are prescribed 1000 mg (1 tablet) 2 times a day.

Candles for the treatment and prevention of common female diseases

The fragile female body is prone to all kinds of diseases in the field of gynecology:

vaginitis - inflammation of the walls of the vagina;
vulvitis - inflammation of the external genital organs of a woman;
colpitis;
salpingoophoritis - inflammatory processes in the tubes and in the ovaries at the same time;
endometritis - also includes inflammation of the uterus;
cervicitis - inflammation of the cervix;
and many others.

Often, with inflammation, the process covers several organs at once, and does not stop at just one.

Common causes of inflammation: hypothermia, childbirth, abortion, an allergic reaction to one of the components of the sperm upon contact without the use of a contraceptive, worms, and even drugs.

It happens that these symptoms during inflammation are accompanied by indigestion, profuse gas formation, headaches, and fever. By visiting a doctor regularly, you will insure yourself against long and extensive inflammation.

Among other factors affecting the occurrence of the inflammatory process, there are:

Prolonged and uncontrolled use of antibacterial drugs
hypothermia
stressful situations
Endocrine disorders and malnutrition

In order to seek help from a doctor in time, it is important to know the symptoms of the manifestation of inflammatory processes. Learn more about this below in the article.

It does not matter whether the cause of gynecological fungal diseases and vaginal infections is an external factor (sexual transmission) or is it the result of a weakened immune system. There is a problem and it needs to be solved. The success of the treatment will also depend on the choice of broad-spectrum antiseptic anti-inflammatory suppositories.

Gynecological list of the most popular women's suppositories for the treatment and prevention of infections

Clindamycin. This bacteriostatic medicine is prescribed for the treatment of gardnerellosis, streptococcal, staphylococcal and some other infections. Candles are introduced into the vagina at night, one at a time for three to seven days. Contraindication is the first trimester of pregnancy.
Gynoflor. Gynoflor vaginal suppository tablets are often prescribed if after a course of treatment with complex preparations. For this, two suppositories (candles) per day are enough. In two weeks female microflora is fully restored. The drug is contraindicated in estrogen-dependent formations and in endometriosis.
Fluomizin. This medicine has a very wide spectrum of activity against various types of streptococci, Candida fungi and other bacteria. Therefore, these suppositories are often prescribed for bacterial vaginosis, candidal and trichomonas vaginitis, for sanitation (cleansing) of the vagina before childbirth and operations. Fluomizin is not recommended for use before the onset of sexual activity.
Klion-D is a combination drug with antibacterial, antiprotozoal and antifungal action suitable for the treatment of trichomonas, candida and nonspecific vaginitis. These vaginal suppositories change the composition of other lipid components in the membrane, which leads to necrosis of fungal cells, but at the same time changes the composition of the microflora and the pH of the vagina. Klion-D is contraindicated in pregnancy and lactation.
Terzhinan - antifungal and antimicrobial suppositories from various vaginitis, thrush and trichomoniasis do not spare the vaginal microflora very much. If you see the name of this drug on a prescription, ask why the doctor chose it. The fact is that after a ten-day course of treatment with terzhinan, vaginal dysbacteriosis often develops, requiring additional treatment.
Neo-Penotran - these vaginal suppositories and tablets contain several active substances and are used to treat trichomoniasis and mycosis. The drug is administered one tablet at a time (previously moistened with water) in the evening, before going to bed, for 10 days, combined with oral administration. In the process of treatment, it is forbidden to use ethanol, Neo-Penotran also enhances the effect secondary anticoagulants.
Lomexin - this remedy is often used to combat thrush. A vaginal capsule (600 mg) is inserted into the vagina every day for three days. For a 1000 mg capsule, two days is enough for treatment. During menstruation and during pregnancy, Lomexin suppositories are contraindicated.
Pimafucin. The antifungal polyene antibiotic of the macrolide group Pimafucin has a wide spectrum of action. It is often prescribed during pregnancy, as well as for the treatment of both partners (for men, the remedy is offered in the form of a cream). The drug is active against some yeasts, yeast-like fungi and Trichomonas. The suppository is inserted into the vagina in the supine position, as deep as possible, once a day at night.
Hexicon. These suppositories are used for the prevention of gonorrhea, syphilis, trichomoniasis, gardnerellosis, chlamydia and ureaplasmosis after unprotected sexual contact, before childbirth, abortion, installation of an intrauterine device, as well as for the treatment of exo- and endocervicitis. The course of treatment lasts from seven to ten days, and in order to prevent the vaginal suppository can be used once. Preventive course of vaginosis - five days. It is recommended to take it twice a year and start 5 days before the expected menstruation.
Livarol - vaginal suppositories for thrush treatment. Livarol is an antifungal drug with a wide spectrum of action, it kills all types of thrush pathogens, as well as streptococci and staphylococci, which often accompany fungal infections. In acute thrush, one suppository is used once a day for five days. If the thrush regularly returns, it is recommended to double the course and repeat short courses for six months five days before the start menstrual cycle.

You will be interested in: Brown discharge from the vagina: in what cases to sound the alarm

Inflammation of the fallopian tubes and ovaries during pregnancy

Bearing a child is a contraindication for tetracyclines, due to the fact that these drugs easily overcome the placental barrier and accumulate in the tissues of the embryo or already fully developed fetus. This can negatively affect the formation of the child's skeleton.

During pregnancy, some macrolides are also contraindicated, for example, the harm of Clarithromycin has been proven by clinical studies. From the action of macrolides during pregnancy, a woman will receive the least harm if she is treated with the following drugs:

Erythromycin.
Spiramycin.
Josamycin.

If the inflammatory process of the appendages is very difficult, and the woman is pregnant, she may be prescribed Azithromycin.

Amoxicillin belongs to the category of drugs that can be used conditionally during pregnancy. In medicine, these drugs are combined into group B. This means that the use of Amoxicillin, including its protected forms, during pregnancy is possible in situations where the benefit to the mother outweighs the potential risk to the child.

This wording looks frightening at first glance, but it is explained quite simply. So far, large clinical trials of the effect of Amoxicillin on the course of pregnancy and the vital activity of the fetus have not been conducted. However, the drug has been successfully used for a long time in infectious diseases of pregnant women.