"Prevention and treatment of vascular diseases" - vascular surgeon A.B. Varvarichev. Heart disease

It is generally accepted that heart disease is the fate of the elderly. Young people rarely think about their hearts, but in vain. First of all, young people will also get old someday. In old age, a person will have such a heart as he deserves by his way of life. When you retire, you want to relax, travel, enjoy life, and not spend all your time in the hospital. The heart must be protected from a young age!

Secondly, statistics show that cardiovascular diseases are rapidly getting younger. Already after 35 years, heart disease is diagnosed in every tenth. And the higher the age, the more people with a sick heart.

Prevention of heart disease is an important topic. Every person should know how he can harm his heart and how to protect it. This should not be treated carelessly and indifferently - you need to be aware that cardiovascular diseases are the main cause of death in Russia, regardless of age group. And not only in Russia. It's not for nothing that heart disease has been nicknamed the "modern plague."

Main causes of heart disease

Prevention of cardiovascular diseases

1. Smoking. By lighting a cigarette, a person does the greatest harm to his heart. The heart of a smoker has to work very hard, and in not the best conditions.

When a person inhales tobacco smoke, the concentration of oxygen in the blood decreases. To prevent oxygen starvation, the heart begins to work with greater force, trying to overtake a higher volume of blood. Figuratively speaking, the heart works beyond the norm. But in the process of smoking, there is also a spasm of blood vessels, including those that feed the heart. It feels hungry, while being forced to work at full strength.

How long can a man who is starved and forced to work twice as much as he is used to last? Of course not. So the heart of a smoker can not stand it, which often happens.

Smokers are 70 times more likely to develop heart disease than non-smokers. Within a year or two after quitting smoking, the risk will drop to the level of non-smokers.

The first measure to prevent cardiovascular disease is smoking cessation.

2. Obesity. It is the second most common cause of cardiovascular disease. Obese people have weakened muscles. The heart is also a muscle, and in obese people it is weak and flabby.

But this weak heart has to work for two, and even for three. After all, the higher the weight of a person, the greater the volume of blood that the heart has to distill.

In people with obesity, cholesterol plaques are deposited in the vessels. Blockage of blood vessels leads to the fact that the heart lacks oxygen.

Imagine: a weak muscle that is undernourished is forced to work in double or triple volume. How long will it last? Not!

The upper limit of a normal BMI (body mass index) is 25. If the BMI is higher than just one, the risk of developing heart disease increases by 8-10%. With each unit of BMI, the risk increases. For those whose BMI is 30 or more, the risk of myocardial infarction becomes critical!

Every kilogram dropped is a reduction in the risk of developing heart failure and atherosclerosis.

The second measure for the prevention of heart disease is getting rid of extra pounds.

3. Drinking alcohol. With alcohol, the body receives a dose of toxins. To remove them from the body, the heart has to pump more blood. The "motor" simply wears out.

It is widely believed that red wine is even good for the heart and blood vessels. The fact is that red wine contains polyphenols, which help lower cholesterol levels. However, not everything is so rosy.

Firstly, with wine, the body also receives a dose of toxins, which creates an unhealthy load on the heart and blood vessels. In addition, alcohol is bad for the liver. Polyphenols can be obtained not from wine, but, for example, from grape juice or green tea. These drinks will only benefit.

Regularly drinking red wine supposedly for the health of the heart and blood vessels is not worth it, otherwise it will turn out like in the saying: “we treat one thing - we cripple another”. But if you are sure that things will not go beyond one glass, sometimes you can treat yourself.

The third measure for the prevention of heart disease is not to abuse alcohol, try to take it as little as possible.

4. Excessive consumption of drinks that excite the nervous system. Coffee, energy drinks, strong black tea and alcohol increase the heart rate. The heart is overloaded and wears out quickly.

In everything you need to know the measure. In small quantities, coffee and tea are beneficial, but if you non-stop drinking strong coffee every day, the heart will not remain healthy for long.

"Coffee lovers" should, firstly, reduce the dosage of coffee in drinks. Milk softens the effects of caffeine. You can try drinking chicory. At least sometimes it is worth replacing coffee with weak tea, mineral water,.

Energy drinks can't be used all the time! These are drinks for special occasions when it is very important to be alert (for example, if you need to drive at night). Daily use of energy drinks is a 100% chance of developing heart disease.

The fourth measure for the prevention of heart disease is to reduce the use of drinks that excite the nervous system.

5. Sedentary lifestyle. If a person moves little, the heart becomes "lazy" and weak. Any increase in the load on it can be fatal.

The heart must be constantly trained. Physical activity that trains the heart is called "cardio training." , exercise bike or, cycling and skiing, sports games, swimming - any of these activities, if they are regular, make the heart stronger and more resilient. However, walking will be enough, but at a fast pace and for decent distances. The main thing is to move regularly. The load must be increased gradually, giving the heart the opportunity to get stronger.

The fifth measure for the prevention of cardiovascular diseases is to lead a mobile lifestyle, engage in physical education.

6. Eating a lot of salt and "bad" fats. Nutrition plays an important role, and it's not just weight.

The abuse of animal fats (fatty meat, butter, lard) harms the heart and blood vessels, as this leads to the appearance of atherosclerotic plaques. But fish and vegetable fats, on the contrary, help to reduce the level of bad cholesterol. These fats contain omega acids, which have a beneficial effect on the heart. To get enough Omega, you need to eat fish, olives, and olive oil.

It is not worth giving up meat completely, especially at a young age. However, you need to alternate the consumption of meat and fish. Sometimes meat should be replaced with nuts (for example, instead of a second chop for lunch, eat a handful of nuts).

Instead of pork and fatty poultry, you often need to eat chicken, veal, rabbit meat. It is better to refuse sausages in general.

As for salt, its use in large quantities leads to an increase in fluid in the body. Blood volume increases and the heart is overloaded. Of course, it is not necessary to switch to a salt-free diet, but marinades, salted fish and smoked meats should be consumed less frequently.

The sixth measure to prevent heart disease is to reduce salty foods and animal fats in the diet.

7. Untimely treatment of teeth and tonsillitis. This fact is not known to everyone, unfortunately. The fact is that the presence of chronic sources of infection in the body leads to prolonged bacteremia, as a result of which coronary heart disease and inflammation of its inner lining can develop.

Endocarditis is an inflammation of the inner lining of the heart. In the people, the disease is sometimes called the "cold of the heart." With endocarditis, the likelihood of death is very high. But even if the treatment is successful, irreversible changes will occur with the heart. Therefore, this disease must be prevented. How? Timely elimination of foci of chronic infection.

Most often, endocarditis is based on problems with the teeth, namely periodontitis (inflammation of the tissues surrounding the tooth root). Teeth need to be treated on time, in no case starting the process.

How to get rid of insomnia?

Meeting of the parishioners of the Church of the Reigning Icon of the Mother of God in St. Petersburg with an angiologist (vascular surgeon) Anton Borisovich Varvarichev dedicated to one of the most topical topics - Prevention and treatment of vascular diseases. When do you need to consult a vascular surgeon?

Vascular surgeon or angiosurgeon - This is a doctor who treats the pathology of all vessels in the body, both arterial and venous origin. The branch of medicine that studies the blood and lymphatic vessels, their structure, function, diseases, methods of diagnosis, prevention and treatment is called angiology.

Given the importance and prevalence of the problem under discussion, A.B. Varvarichev clearly and intelligibly told a large audience about cardiovascular diseases, which are

A group of diseases of the heart and blood vessels, which includes:

coronary heart disease - a disease of the blood vessels that supply blood to the heart muscle;
cerebrovascular disease - a disease of the blood vessels that supply blood to the brain;
peripheral arterial disease - a disease of the blood vessels that supply blood to the arms and legs;
rheumatic heart disease - damage to the heart muscle and heart valves as a result of a rheumatic attack caused by streptococcal bacteria;
congenital heart disease - deformations of the structure of the heart that have existed since birth;
deep vein thrombosis and pulmonary embolism - the formation of blood clots in the leg veins that can displace and travel to the heart and lungs.

According to WHO (World Health Organization) Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is the leading cause of death worldwide: no other cause causes as many deaths each year as CVD. Estimated WHO, in 2008 CVD deaths accounted for 30% of all deaths worldwide.

As part of the lecture, A.B. Varvarichev spoke about the main vascular diseases that lead to serious consequences.

Major arterial diseases

1. Obliterating atherosclerosis.

2. Thrombosis of arteries.

3. Arterial aneurysms.

4. Diabetic macro- and microangiopathy.

Atherosclerosis (atherosclerosis obliterans)

Atherosclerosis (A) is a chronic disease characterized by thickening and loss of elasticity of artery walls, narrowing of their lumen, followed by impaired blood supply to organs. Men are 3-5 times more likely to suffer from atherosclerosis than women. In the development of the disease, hereditary predisposition matters; contribute to the development of A diabetes mellitus, obesity, gout, cholelithiasis, nutrition with an excess amount of animal fat, low physical activity, psycho-emotional overstrain. The mechanism of the development of the disease is a violation of lipid metabolism, especially cholesterol. Atherosclerotic plaques form in the vascular wall, the structure of the walls of the arteries is disturbed.

Irregularities within the vessels in A contribute to the formation of blood clots, blood clots; in the future, the lumens of the vessels themselves narrow; as a result, blood circulation in a particular organ is disturbed up to a complete cessation.

arterial thrombosis

Thrombosis is promoted by:

Damage to the vascular wall (atherosclerotic, inflammatory, etc. origin).

2. Deceleration of blood flow.

3. Increasing coagulation and blood viscosity.

Thus, thrombosis in the coronary circulation system leads to myocardial infarction, thrombosis of cerebral vessels leads to stroke.

Arterial aneurysms

An aneurysm is a protrusion of the wall of an artery (rarely a vein) due to its thinning or stretching. The cause may be congenital or acquired defects in the middle lining of the vessels. Rupture of an aneurysm is dangerous with severe bleeding.

Diabetic angiopathy

General damage to blood vessels (mainly capillaries) is a dangerous complication characteristic of diabetes mellitus. Depending on the location of the lesion, the functioning of the organ of vision, brain, heart, kidneys is disrupted, and there is a threat of gangrene on the legs.

You should know that the result of treatment, the prognosis and life expectancy of a person, that is, each of us, depends on the timely contact with a specialist.

Who Should See a Vascular Surgeon?

1. Patients with poor heredity for cardiovascular disease, having fixed the first signs of cardiovascular disease, should consult a doctor.

2. Patients who have complaints about:

Frequent fainting, especially in old age.
"Tinnitus", "flies before the eyes", decreased vision, frequent headaches, dizziness, memory impairment, unsteady gait.

3. Patients with symptoms:

Transient disorders of cerebral circulation.
Acute disorders of cerebral circulation (Acute stroke).
Patients with poor heredity for cardiovascular disease.
Rapid fatigue or impaired sensitivity in one of the limbs.
The difference in blood pressure in different limbs (20 mm Hg or more).

An initial consultation with a cardiologist is necessary in conditions such as:

1. Periodic retrosternal pain, burning and heaviness in the region of the heart, increasing with physical exertion.

2. Occurrence of shortness of breath during physical exertion and at rest.

3. High blood pressure numbers.

4. Concomitant diseases: atherosclerosis, obesity, diabetes mellitus (especially after 50 years)

Consultation with a vascular surgeon is necessary for the following symptoms:

1. The presence of a pulsating formation in the umbilical region of the abdomen.

2. Paroxysmal abdominal pain that occurs after eating at the height of digestion, intestinal dysfunction, progressive weight loss.

3. Uncontrolled and untreated high blood pressure (malignant hypertension).

4. "Male" diseases.

5. Rapid fatigue in the lower extremities when walking. The appearance of pain in the calf muscles and thigh muscles.

6. The appearance of trophic changes on the lower extremities (spots, trophic ulcers)

7. Coldness in the lower extremities.

Major risk factors for cardiovascular disease:

1. Improper nutrition. Obesity. Hypercholesterolemia.

2. Inactive and immobile lifestyle.

3. Smoking.

4. Diabetes.

5. Poor heredity for vascular diseases.

Prevention of cardiovascular diseases

"Movement-life". Active and mobile lifestyle.
Refusal of smoking.
Body weight control. Proper and balanced nutrition.
Blood pressure control.
Blood sugar control.
Control of blood cholesterol (especially after 50 years).
After 50 years, taking blood thinners (based on aspirin).

Chart characterizing food priorities

Primary venous disease

The most common vein disease is varicose veins (varicose veins of the lower extremities).

Phlebology- one of the sections of vascular surgery for the study of the anatomy of the veins, the physiology of the venous outflow, the prevention, diagnosis and treatment of chronic venous diseases. Vascular surgeon specializing in vein disease – phlebologist.

There are more than 100 reasons for the development of varicose veins, women are more likely to suffer, but men are also susceptible to this disease.

Let's designate the main reasons

1. Genetic predisposition to this disease.

2. Hormonal changes and pregnancy in women.

3. Static loads on the lower limbs (work "on your feet", or at the computer in the office).

4. Sedentary lifestyle.

5. Transfer of thrombophlebitis and phlebothrombosis.

Symptoms of varicose veins

Fatigue, heaviness, burning sensation in the calf muscles more in the evening. Desire to put the lower limbs upright at the end of the day.

2. Swelling in the legs, more in the evening, the appearance of cramps at night.

3. The appearance of superficial varicose veins, "mesh", "stars".

4. Aching and pulling pains radiating to the inguinal region.

Complication of varicose veins

Thrombophlebitis.
Trophic ulcers of venous origin.
Phlebothrombosis.

4. Pulmonary embolism (PE) is a life-threatening condition.

Prevention of varicose veins:

1. Elimination of static loads, prolonged sitting and standing on the lower extremities.

2. Wearing supportive compression hosiery (the type of hosiery is determined by the doctor).

3. Drug maintenance therapy (venotonics).

4. Contrast shower on the lower limbs.

5. Therapeutic exercise (running, walking, swimming).

6. Evening gymnastics.

7. Use of creams and gels containing heparin.

Medical therapy

1. Phlebotonics (Detralex, Phlebodia, Venoruton, Antistax, Ginkor Fort and others).

2. Disaggregants (aspirin, trental, vazobral).

3. Antioxidants (vitamin E).

4. Decongestants (detralex, antistax, phlebodia).

5. Drugs affecting trophic processes (actovegin, solcoseryl, phlebodia 600).

Contrast shower for the lower extremities

Approximate scheme of a contrast shower for legs :

start with warm water (addictive);
then we start up hot water (until it is pleasant);
turn off hot water and start cold water (20 seconds; as you get used to it, increase the time);
alternate: hot water (from 20 to 40 seconds), cold water (up to a minute, as we get used to it, we increase the time), hot water (up to a minute), cold water (so far it is pleasant).

That is, it turns out three contrasting transitions from hot water to cold.

Therapeutic exercise and gymnastics

1. Lying on your back, arms along the body. Bend the leg at the knee and hip joints, grab the shins at the ankle joint with your hands, straighten the leg, hands slide along it to the hip joint. Breathing is arbitrary. Repeat alternately with each leg 5-8 times.

2. Lying on your back, arms along the body. Inhale. Exhaling, perform 5-10 circular movements with the legs, as when riding a bicycle. Repeat 3-5 times

3. Lying on your back, arms along the body. Raise straight legs up, pull socks away from you, hold for 3-5 seconds, lower. Breathing is arbitrary. Repeat 5-10 times

4. Lying on your back, arms along the body. Raise the right leg up, pull the toe away from you, hold for 3-5 seconds, lower it. Breathing is arbitrary. Repeat 5-10 times. Then do the same number of times with the left leg.

5. Standing, legs together, grab the back of the chair with your hand. Swing your foot back and forth. Breathing is arbitrary. Repeat 10-15 times with each leg.

6. Standing, legs together, grasp the back of a chair with both hands. Rise and fall on your toes. Breathing is arbitrary. Repeat 10-20 times.

7. Lying on your stomach, bend and unbend your knees in a swoop for 20-50 seconds.

Conclusion

With the help of prevention, up to 75% of premature vascular disorders can be prevented. You should know the symptoms of these diseases, be able to assess your risks for these ailments and adjust, if necessary, your lifestyle. Gymnastics, physical exercises, walking should firmly enter the daily life of everyone who wants to maintain working capacity, health, a full and joyful life. According to the father of medicine Hippocrates the Great: "Idleness and idleness entail wickedness and ill health."

The Monk Seraphim of Sarov echoes him: "Health is a gift from God."

Let's take care of our health, and we - doctors - will help you with this!

Correspondent of Subscription "Healthy family"

doctor Zharkova Tatyana Veniaminovna

Diseases of the cardiovascular system are the number 1 killer among all existing diseases. Adults and children, rich and poor alike, suffer from heart problems equally. What are the causes of the problems, why diseases of the heart and blood vessels have reached a global scale?

What is CVD?

To diseases of the cardiovascular system(CVD) refers to:

Ischemia is an ailment that affects the blood vessels;
Myocardial infarction - an acute circulatory disorder in the heart, blockage of an artery by a thrombus;
Hypertension - a constant increase in blood pressure;
Stroke - violation of cerebral circulation;
Chronic heart failure - poor blood supply to organs with blood;
Arrhythmia - interruptions in the heart, rhythm disturbance, etc.

Causes of cardiac problems

Consider the main provoking causes of cardiovascular disease:

Unhealthy lifestyle: lack of physical activity, malnutrition;
Bad habits: smoking, drinking alcohol, drugs;
Negative, unstable emotional background: frequent stress, worries, overstrain;
Obesity;
Harmful working conditions: noise, vibration.

Risk factors for cardiovascular disease: hereditary predisposition, age (people over 45), gender (women suffer more often than men), people who have diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, diabetes, menopause, etc.

Methods for diagnosing cardiac diseases

Timely determine the type of disease, and make the correct diagnosis will help diagnosis of cardiovascular diseases. There are a large number of methods for recognizing heart diseases, which are conditionally divided into 2 groups: laboratory and instrumental.

Laboratory diagnostic methods include: hormonal, general clinical, immunological analysis of blood and urine, urine analysis according to Nechiporenko, for sugar, thyroid hormones, etc.

Popular instrumental research methods are:

ECG. With its help, a specialist recognizes ischemia, arrhythmia, heart defects and tamponade, pericarditis and other pathologies. Reveals hidden disorders in the myocardium.
Echocardiography. It helps to detect blood clots, negative changes in the work of the heart, the presence of birth defects and their severity.
MRI. It helps to evaluate the work of the heart, to identify changes in its work, the state of blood vessels.
Holter monitoring. This is a type of ECG, its essence is that the results of the study are recorded within 24 hours on a special device. During the study, a person does not change his daily routine.

Features of the treatment of CVD

AT treatment of cardiovascular diseases it is important to follow a comprehensive program, which includes items such as:

Taking medications with a vasodilating, anti-sclerotic, sedative, diuretic effect;
The use of traditional medicine;
Dieting;
Passage of physiotherapy;
Physiotherapy exercises;
Surgical intervention - if complex therapy did not bring results.

In the treatment of diseases of the cardiovascular system, one cannot resort only to the help of medicines. They bring a temporary effect. Only with the help of an integrated approach can the state of health be improved.

The role of dietary nutrition in the work of the heart and blood vessels

The more fatty, high-calorie foods, sweets, fried, salty and spicy foods we eat, the more our heart suffers. With the help of diet therapy, you can achieve normal heart function, increase the body's resistance, prevent obesity, hypertension - the causes of pathologies in the heart and blood vessels. Peculiarities diets for cardiovascular disease:

Exclusion from the diet of any foods and drinks that adversely affect the work of the heart and blood vessels: chocolate, spicy dishes, seasonings, alcohol, coffee, strong tea;
Restrictions on the use of table salt, as well as salty foods;
Frequent meals (5-6 times a day) in small portions;
Inclusion in the diet of fresh vegetables, fruits, herbs;
Reduced calorie intake;
Reducing the amount of fluid consumed (no more than 1.5 liters of water per day);
Carrying out unloading days.

Basic rules in the prevention of cardiac diseases

Clean vessels - prevention of cardiovascular diseases, I advise you to read.

Why is heart disease prevention so important? Not only health, but also the life of a person directly depends on the state of the heart.

How the heart works

In fact, the heart is one large muscle called the myocardium. It works throughout a person's life, contracting rhythmically and pumping about five liters of blood per minute through the vessels.

The human heart has four chambers. The top two are called the atria, the bottom two are the ventricles. Through the right atrium and ventricle, venous blood is pumped into the lungs, which has already delivered oxygen to the cells and taken carbon dioxide from them.

And through the left half of the heart, arterial blood saturated in the lungs with oxygen travels through the body. The contraction of the ventricles, pushing out the blood, is the heartbeat.

harmful products

There are several food groups that pose a serious threat to the heart. For example, fats invisible to the eye, hiding in sausages, sausages, chips and deep-fried foods. What else is not useful at all?

What hurts the heart

The heart is the hardest working and hardiest muscle in the body. But it can also be seriously affected if its owner treats his health too lightly.

Worst of all is the smoker's heart. After just a few puffs, it starts to wear out - carbon monoxide from tobacco smoke sharply reduces the concentration of oxygen in the blood, and it has to be distilled in large volumes in order to prevent the body from feeling oxygen deficient.

But at the same time, nicotine causes vasospasm, including those that feed the heart. As a result, the myocardium works simply for wear and tear: in a forced mode and with almost no power.

The same mechanism of wear of the heart muscle also triggers the intake of alcohol. The need to rid the body of its toxins increases the load on the heart, which is forced to drive poisoned blood at an increased speed.

Improper nutrition is very harmful to the heart. If there are too many fatty and sweet foods in the daily diet, cholesterol plaques are gradually deposited in the vessels of the heart, which can lead to blockage of blood vessels and death of the heart muscle from lack of oxygen.

In addition, lovers of junk food often lead a sedentary lifestyle, and it leads to a decrease in the fitness of the body, including the heart, which is also a muscle.

An unhealthy diet and lack of movement lead to excess weight, which puts even more stress on an already lazy heart.

How to keep a healthy heart into old age

There is no need to remind once again that it is better not to start drinking and smoking. But, if bad habits have already appeared, in order to maintain the working capacity of the heart, it is worth breaking up with them forever as soon as possible.

The heart muscle feels good when nutrition is not only balanced, but also rich in special "heart" vitamins A, C, E and B. Natural vegetable oils and fatty sea fish, rich in essential fatty acids Omega-3 and Omega-, are very useful for the heart. 6.

Fruits, vegetables, nuts, and whole grains will not only provide the body with most of the important nutrients, but will also prevent weight gain.

But fatty meat, salinity and smoked meats should be excluded from the diet - they are considered provocateurs of heart disease due to the high content of saturated fats and salt.

Even the most lazy heart can be put in order with special exercises, which are called so - cardio training.

These are long-term, but simple loads that allow you to gradually, without overstrain, strengthen the heart muscle and make the heart work more productive.

Moreover, there is no need to immediately buy a subscription to the gym. You can do exercises at home using our video tutorials, or increase your normal daily physical activity.

The heart trains even on the way home or to work. To do this, it is enough to once again walk a couple of bus stops in a calm rhythm, walk up the stairs, breathing measuredly and not allowing a rapid heartbeat, or ride a few kilometers on a bicycle.

Urbanization, a sedentary lifestyle and other features of modern life have led to the fact that the prevention of heart disease has become a necessity. The development of pathologies of the cardiovascular system occurs at an earlier age. These ailments impair the quality of life and can lead to death.

Risk factors for the development of cardiovascular pathologies:

Habits that are harmful to health - smoking, drinking alcohol and drinks containing caffeine - clog blood vessels and cause them to spasm.
Poor nutrition, excess weight - fatty spicy foods increase the level of bad cholesterol in the blood, which further forms plaques in the vessels. Excess body weight leads to hypertension, creates an excessive load on the heart.
Hereditary predisposition - if there have been cases of cardiological problems in the family, pay more attention to the prevention of heart disease.
Gender - men are more susceptible to such ailments than women.
Frequent stress - releases of adrenaline into the blood contribute to vasoconstriction.
Increased or insufficient physical activity.
Infectious diseases - microorganisms can affect the cardiovascular system and provoke pathological changes.

The consequence of these factors is the appearance of such symptoms:

dyspnea,
fast or slow heartbeat,
radiating to the left chest pain,
swelling,
stable rise in blood pressure, arrhythmia.

These signs are a reason to consult a cardiologist.

Methods for the treatment of heart disease:

Conservative (integrated approach) - the patient is prescribed a special diet, prescribes medication, adjusts the lifestyle. Also use therapeutic courses in sanatoriums.
Surgical - with the ineffectiveness or unacceptability of a conservative method. During the operation, the heart valves and blood vessels are replaced, various types of organ damage are eliminated.

To avoid long-term treatment of heart disease or a complex expensive operation, prevention is necessary. This should not become a periodic set of events, but an integral part of life.

Prevention of a healthy heart and blood vessels involves:

avoid factors that have a detrimental effect on the system - active and passive smoking, taking drugs;
control your weight. Especially dangerous is the deposition of fat in the waist area.

For the prevention of diseases of the heart and blood vessels, a transition to a healthy diet is necessary. It is recommended not to overeat, eat 4 times a day. It is advisable to have dinner no later than three hours before bedtime. You should pay attention to the foods and foods you eat:

limit caffeinated drinks, sugar, sweets, flour products;
palm, coconut, ghee are harmful to the muscle tissue of the heart;
avoid sausages, canned food, pickles;
reduce your consumption of alcoholic beverages;
replace fatty meats with lean ones: rabbit, turkey, chicken;
the recommended amount of salt is 5 g per day;
enter into the diet oil from olive, sesame, flax;
fresh fruits and vegetables, greens must be present on the table;
dried apricots and raisins are very useful for heart health;
replace mayonnaise in salads with vegetable oil;
eat a handful of nuts daily;
include different cereals in the menu, eat wholemeal bread;
sea fish and seafood are rich in useful omega-3 fatty acids;
dairy products will give the body the calcium it needs.

Bake, boil, steam dishes more often, avoiding fried foods as much as possible in order to prevent cholesterol plaques on the vessels of the heart. Drink at least two liters of fluid per day. It is better if it is green or herbal tea, juices, compotes, mineral water. Carbonated drinks are best avoided as they promote the excretion of calcium from the body.

An inactive lifestyle, as well as increased physical activity, threatens the development of health problems. Prevention of diseases of the heart and blood vessels includes mandatory movement. The following activities are recommended:

bicycle rides;
swimming;
skiing;
moderate horticultural work;
sports walking;
physiotherapy.

Activity should be fun and not cause overwork. This is especially true for the prevention of heart disease in the elderly. Excessive physical activity exhausts the cardiovascular system and is harmful to health.

Prevention of heart disease in children should begin at birth. Fat deposits on the arterial walls are found in 16% of infants, over the age of three years, these precursors of atherosclerosis are detected in almost 100% of babies. Usually, over time, they pass on their own, but when favorable conditions are created, they can be converted into plaques.

Often in children, atherosclerosis occurs without characteristic symptoms, manifesting itself only with the onset of maturity, when the disease requires serious treatment. The young body has the ability to quickly cleanse and restore, which is why it is so important to instill healthy lifestyle skills. Prevention of a healthy heart in a child is based on the following rules:

healthy eating;
physical activity;
abandoning destructive habits;
regular medical checkups.

In this regard, the personal example of parents will be effective. They also need to know about the state of the cardiovascular system in themselves and their immediate family, in order to carefully monitor the well-being of the child in case of a hereditary predisposition. An increase in pressure in him, excess weight, are the reason for an urgent medical consultation.

Preventive measures in the elderly

Approaching old age causes changes in the body that affect the circulatory system. The vessels become rigid and brittle, cholesterol plaques form in them, gradually narrowing the lumen of the coronary arteries. The blood thickens, its flow slows down, as a result of which the nutrition of all body tissues deteriorates. The risk of blood clots increases.

Consultations with a cardiologist every six months are a necessary preventive measure for the heart after 40 and 50 years. It is advisable to conduct such examinations:

ECG should be taken, men are advised to conduct an electrocardiogram with a load.
Take a blood test for lipid composition annually.
Monitor blood clotting.
Buy a blood pressure monitor at home and measure your blood pressure regularly.

Departure from the norm in the results of the analyzes requires clarification from a specialist. What to drink for the prevention of the heart, a cardiologist or therapist can advise. Courses of dietary supplements, complexes of vitamins and minerals are recommended.

Taking special drugs to support the cardiovascular system is usually prescribed for secondary and primary prevention of rheumatic heart disease, as well as bradycardia, hypertension and other ailments.

Panangin for heart prevention

Panangin for the prevention of extrasystole of the heart is recommended to take a course. It replenishes the deficiency of potassium and magnesium. Also, the drug is indicated for diabetics, women on hormonal contraceptives, bath lovers.

For prevention, take 1 tablet three times a day. The course of admission is 3-4 weeks.

Riboxin for heart prevention

Riboxin is released only by prescription. It stimulates the supply of tissues with oxygen, improves blood circulation, and normalizes heart contractions.

The drug is taken before meals according to the scheme for 1-3 months:

On the first day, take 1 tablet 3-4 times;
For 2-3 days from the start of the dose, increase the dose to 2 tablets 3-4 times a day.

Note! The daily dose of the drug can be increased gradually and in the absence of negative reactions of the body.

Contraindications for taking Riboxin:

hypersensitivity, allergy to iosin and substances included in the composition;
kidney failure;
excessive levels of uric acid;
gout.

Aspirin

Shown to reduce blood clotting, improve its fluidity. Recommended for the elderly. Prolonged use leads to increased acidity, heartburn, so the drug should be periodically changed to a similar one (Warfarin, Clopidogrel).

Magnesium for heart prevention

Magnesium for the prevention and treatment of tachycardia of the heart is often prescribed to pregnant women. Usually it goes in combination with folic acid.

Magnesium supplements are taken for the heart to stabilize the heart rate and lower blood pressure.

What to take for the prevention of the heart, you need to decide together with your doctor. The list of drugs is quite wide:

Magnerot appoint 2 tablets 3 times a day for a week, then - 1 tablet 3 times a day. Duration of admission - 4-6 weeks. For leg cramps, take 2-3 tablets in the evening. The drug is taken before meals with water.
Orokamag take 4 capsules 3 times a day. The course of treatment is from 4 to 6 weeks. Contraindications: hypersensitivity to the drug, renal failure, urolithiasis, pregnancy and lactation.
Doppelgerz Active magnesium + calcium is prescribed 1 tablet during meals 1 time per day. The course of therapy is 2 months.

Asparkam for heart prevention

Asparkam contains magnesium aspartate and potassium aspartate. Trace elements normalize the balance of fluid and salts in the body, help get rid of swelling.

Asparkam is used to prevent cardiac arrhythmia, myocardial infarction. For preventive purposes, take 1 tablet 3 times a day for a month.

Contraindications:

excess magnesium and potassium in the body;
allergic reactions to the active ingredients of the drug;
diseases of the adrenal glands and kidneys;
cardiogenic shock;
severe muscle weakness.

Traditional medicines are cheap and readily available. There are many recipes for the prevention and treatment of diseases of the heart and blood vessels:

Garlic is very useful for heart ailments. Eat 1-2 cloves every day. A simple and effective infusion is also prepared from it: two crushed teeth are poured with warm water and insisted overnight. In the morning, the liquid should be drunk and a new portion prepared. The course is 30 days.
You can make garlic butter. To do this, pour a chopped head of garlic with a glass of unrefined sunflower oil and insist for a day. Next, squeeze the juice from one lemon into the mixture and set aside in a cool dark place for 7 days. Periodically, the product must be shaken. Take half an hour before meals for 1 tsp. 3 p. per day for a course of three months. Then you should stop for 30 days and repeat the treatment. This remedy is especially effective for the prevention and treatment of atherosclerosis of the heart vessels.
Mix chokeberry with honey in a ratio of 1: 2, grind well and eat 1 tbsp. l. once a day.

To prevent myocardial infarction, the heart muscle should be strengthened. The following mixtures will help with this:

equal parts of persimmon and turnip juice mixed with honey, use 1 tbsp. l. 3 p. in a day;
mix juices from carrots, radishes, beets with honey, take the same way;
Mix 200 ml of carrot juice with vegetable oil, drink in 2 doses throughout the day.

To prevent heart ischemia, replace sugar with honey. You can use it with royal jelly in a ratio of 100:1 for a course of 14 days. Before meals 0.5 tsp. the mixture is kept in the mouth until it dissolves completely.

Prevention of tachycardia of the heart may include hawthorn remedies. This plant is rich in useful substances: calcium, magnesium, iron, zinc, copper, ascorbic acid, tocopherol and many others. Its fruits reduce the heart rate, tone the heart muscle, soothe and relax the organ. Recipes with hawthorn for the prevention of heart disease:

add fruit juice to tea or dilute with water and drink;
5 st. l. crushed dry berries pour 400 ml of vodka, leave to infuse for 14 days, strain, drink 20 drops before meals;
mix hawthorn and motherwort tinctures 1:1, take 1 tsp. 3 p. in a day.

All folk remedies should be used with the knowledge of the doctor and taking into account individual reactions to the ingredients. When feeling worse- stop the prevention of heart disease with this drug.

1375 Tatiana Kuritskaya 20.03.2018 19.03.2018

Gulmira Sadzykova - cardiologist. General practitioner of the highest category in the clinic of Dr. Orynbaev. Participant of international cardiological congresses and conferences. Author of articles on the diagnosis and treatment of heart disease. Diseases of the cardiovascular system can be avoided if you start using medicines for the prevention of the heart in time. To learn how to protect yourself from a heart attack and other serious...

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