Intravenous or intramuscular which is better. Actovegin intravenously and intramuscularly: which is better? What is the difference between an intramuscular injection and an intravenous injection

Again, this is only true for some "old" drugs or some classes of drugs that "work" in the intestinal lumen (such antibiotics fight microbes located inside the intestinal tube, are not absorbed into the blood), or for which there is no form of antibiotic for oral administration. Almost all new drugs are equally well and almost completely - up to 90-95% - absorbed in the stomach or intestines. The necessary concentration of them when taken orally is the same as with good effective treatment intravenously or intramuscularly. Numerous studies and clinical experience have shown that, when taken orally, modern antibiotics create sufficiently high concentrations in all tissues and organs, repeatedly blocking the minimum inhibitory concentrations for microbes. In addition, a number of drugs used, for example, in pneumonia, are used more often in oral form - in the form of tablets (new macrolides - AZITHROMYCIN, ROXYTHROMYCIN, etc.) and are successfully used all over the world. Moreover, in the vast majority of Western European countries, outpatient injections are extremely rare. Injections at home are carried out only in case of serious illness.

"Forced" use of antibiotics

How should a future mother behave if there is a chronic disease that requires constant or course medication? If possible, it is best to avoid using drugs to treat chronic conditions during pregnancy. To be treated with antibiotics "for the prevention of exacerbation" is contraindicated. Such self-treatment is ineffective and very often contributes to the spread of infections, the pathogens of which have lost their sensitivity to certain antibacterial agents.

Where treatment is needed, those drugs that have been used longer than others without noted adverse effects should be selected. Finally, remember that if you take the drug yourself, you can cause a severe allergic reaction in a child during the neonatal period (even if the mother has never had an allergy to antibiotics). Before using an antibacterial drug, it is necessary to consult a doctor, since only a doctor can determine the need for an antibiotic, choose a specific drug and the duration of treatment.

Remember:

1. Antibiotics, like all drugs, can have side effects that are not necessarily manifested when they are taken.

2. The current opinion that it is better not to take antibiotics at all is the other extreme in relation to their uncontrolled use. It is important to know the possible side effects. This is most often: allergic reactions (skin reactions: itching, dermatitis, in rare cases - the so-called anaphylactic shock), changes in the general and biochemical blood tests, abdominal pain, nausea, loss of appetite, nonspecific diarrhea (diarrhea). However, in each of the groups of antibiotics, there may be side effects that are characteristic only for its representatives (individual drugs), and they should also be remembered.

3. The main contraindications for the use of antibiotics is their intolerance. Allergic reactions to antibiotics can be different - ranging from mild itching of the skin to the most serious manifestation of allergies - anaphylactic shock, manifested by loss of consciousness, disruption of all organs and systems, posing a threat to life. If you develop any signs of allergy when taking antibacterial drugs, you should immediately stop taking them before consulting a doctor.

The pharmacological drug Actovegin is based on physiological components, therefore, after using the drug for intravenous administration, it is impossible to track their pharmacokinetics. The principle of action of the drug Actovegin is based on increased energy metabolism. Through this drug, oxygen utilization from the body is accelerated, which helps to increase the resistance to oxygen starvation of the tissues of the human body. Consider what a medicine is, how to use it correctly, as well as the presence of adverse reactions of the body.

Composition and form of release of the drug

The fundamental active ingredient of the drug Actovegin is the substance deproteinized hemoderivat, which is obtained from calf blood. The dosage of this substance in 1 ml of solution is 40 mg. The drug is produced by the manufacturer in different dosages, which are:

• injections of 80 mg;
• injections of 200 mg;
• injections of 400 mg.

Depending on the dosage, the number of ampoules in the package varies. Ampoules are located in a plastic container, and the secondary or main packaging is made of thick cardboard. This packaging allows you to maintain the integrity of the vials. The packaging contains information about the release date of the product, the expiration date and the production series. Detailed instructions for using the drug are contained inside the package. The medicine in ampoules has a yellowish color with various shades. The difference in shades depends on the release series of the drug and does not affect the sensitivity and effectiveness of the product.

In what cases is it indicated for use

The drug Actovegin is prescribed for various diseases and pathologies. The main types of indications for the use of the drug Actovegin are the following types of diseases:

• failures and disruptions in the venous, arterial and peripheral blood;
• ischemic stroke;
• trophic types of damage;
• ulcerative skin diseases;
• various types of burns: chemical, thermal, radiation and solar;
• wounds that are difficult to treat;
• in the presence of bedsores;
• the presence of encephalopathies, which have different types of origin;
• ulcerative lesions of the skin;
• with problems of blood supply and metabolism;
• with varicose veins;
• if there are signs of impaired vascular tone;
• with diabetes.
• radiation neuropathies.

This drug is popular for healing wounds, as well as burns. It should also be noted that Actovegin has practically no contraindications, with the exception of the increased sensitivity of the body to the composition of the drug. This means that if a patient has signs of an allergy to a medicine, then it is strictly forbidden to use it. It is recommended to use the drug in the presence of diseases of the kidneys, liver, as well as in heart failure and anuria. It is forbidden to use the medicine for children under three years of age.

Medication dosages

Instructions for use Actovegin intravenously informs that it can be used both by drip and by jet. Jet drug is administered intravenously in exceptional cases when it is required to immediately relieve pain symptoms. Before using the drug for intravenous administration, it is necessary to dissolve the ampoule in saline or 5% glucose solution. When administered intravenously, the daily dosage should not exceed 20 mg. When administered intramuscularly, the dosage should not exceed 5 ml per 24 hours. In the case of intramuscular injection, it is required to administer the drug slowly.

The selection of the dose is determined by the doctor after assessing his condition, collecting an anamnesis and examining. At the beginning of therapy, it is recommended to use the drug at a dosage of not more than 5 ml for intravenous and intramuscular use. In the following days, injections of the drug should be done intravenously, 5 ml daily for 7 days. Do not forget that the appointment is prescribed by the doctor, so you should exclude self-medication and prescribing the dosage yourself.

When the patient arrives in a serious condition, the drug is used for intravenous administration by drip at a dosage of 20 to 50 ml. This is the daily dosage for an adult, and for children the remedy is not recommended for use. This course lasts 2-3 days until the patient's condition improves.

If there is an exacerbation of chronic diseases, in which the doctor can characterize the patient's condition as moderate, then Actovegin can be administered intravenously and intramuscularly in an amount of 5 to 20 ml. The duration of the course of the drug is at least 2 weeks.

If it is necessary to carry out planned therapy with Actovegin, the drug can be prescribed with a dosage of 2 to 5 ml for 24 hours. The duration of the course of therapy is from 1 to 1.5 months. The multiplicity of intravenous administration is from 1 to 3 times. The number of injections of the drug depends on factors such as the initial condition of the patient.

In the presence of diabetes, the use of the drug is recommended to be carried out directly from intravenous administration. The dosage for this therapy is 2 g for 24 hours. The course of therapy is at least 4 months.

How to administer the drug intravenously

In the material, we consider the features of the correct use of the drug Actovegin for intravenous administration. It should be noted right away that it is forbidden to inject the medicine on your own intravenously. Such manipulations should be performed by doctors or nurses.

The drug should be administered intravenously, as well as intramuscularly, slowly. The approximate rate of administration is 2 ml/minute. In order to properly inject intravenously, the following technology must be observed:

• a syringe and medicine is being prepared to be administered;
• a tourniquet is tightened over the biceps in the elbow joint, which allows you to find the veins;
• the patient should work with a fist so that the veins swell;
• the area where the injection will be injected is treated with alcohol or other disinfectants;
• slowly insert the needle into the vein in the direction against the blood flow;
• after that, it is necessary to remove the tourniquet;
• slowly administer the drug;
• remove the syringe and apply a cotton swab with alcohol to the injection site;
• bend your arm at the elbow joint and hold for 2-5 minutes.

The procedure is not complicated, but do not forget that the medicine is injected into a blood vessel. If the injection is not given correctly, this can lead to the development of serious and unpredictable consequences.

Presence of adverse symptoms

Numerous studies have shown that Actovegin injections are well tolerated. There are also known cases of allergic reactions, against which the state of anaphylactic shock developed. In case of overdose or improper use of the drug, the development of such adverse reactions is not excluded:

• the appearance of soreness at the injection site, as well as redness;
• headaches and dizziness, which can be complicated by general malaise and the appearance of tremors;
• loss of consciousness in case of untimely assistance;
• the appearance of negative reactions in the form of vomiting, nausea, diarrhea and pain in the abdomen;
• change in skin color;
• the development of pain in the joints and muscles;
• pain spasms in the lumbar region;
• breathing problems and shortness of breath;
• decrease or increase in pressure;
• heartache;
• increase in body temperature;
• increased sweating;
• pressing pains in the throat.

In the event of the development of such complications, it is necessary to immediately inform the doctor about it. In such situations, if the injection was given at home, then an ambulance should be called.

Directions for use

Actovegin solution refers to hypertonic drugs, which indicates the prohibition of intramuscular administration of the drug at a dosage of more than 5 ml. This can lead to high blood pressure and be fatal. The development of anaphylactic shock is not excluded. To exclude such a factor, the doctor should test it for perception at the first administration of the drug. Testing is carried out by introducing the agent intramuscularly in an amount of up to 2 ml. After that, for some time you need to observe the patient's condition.

If the agent is administered intravenously by setting a dropper, then it is imperative to dilute it with a glucose solution or saline solution. Mixing the medicine with other drugs is strictly prohibited, as this may contribute to the development of side effects. The use of the drug during pregnancy or breastfeeding is allowed if necessary. The decision is made by the doctor after the examination and familiarization with the patient's medical history.

Is it possible to administer Actovegin intramuscularly and how to do it correctly is a common question of people who have been prescribed this remedy as a course of injections for the treatment of a particular pathology. It is especially important to know the answer when it comes to treating pregnant women or children.

Is it possible to administer Actovegin intramuscularly and why are these injections prescribed at all? Actovegin is one of those drugs that are available in various pharmaceutical forms. It can be dragees, capsules, ointment, gel and injection ampoules. As a rule, the latter are prescribed when the disease has passed into a severe stage and other forms of the drug are no longer effective. Or the patient's condition is very serious and needs immediate help.

It is believed that this medicine is safe, since the raw material for it is a natural bioproduct.

• extract from the blood of calves;
• purified water;
• sodium chloride.

Injections of the drug can be given even to children and pregnant women. But, like any medication, Actovegin can cause unwanted side effects, in rare cases it causes severe allergies.

The effect of the drug on the body of a child or expectant mother has not yet been fully studied. Therefore, it is understandable that patients are interested in whether Actovegin can really be administered intramuscularly and how to do it correctly.

When are injections needed?

Actovegin in solution for injection intramuscularly is an ampoules with a clear or slightly yellowish liquid. The ampoule can be 2.5 or 10 ml. The main property of the drug is to accelerate metabolic processes in cells, due to which oxygen and glucose are better absorbed. It is prescribed for the treatment and prevention of oxygen starvation, for wound healing after injury or surgery. It is also used in neuralgia.

The main indications for the introduction of Actovegin intramuscularly are:

• oxygen starvation of tissues and organs, including in pregnant women and children;
• serious metabolic disorders;
• cerebrovascular insufficiency;
• diabetes mellitus and its complications;
• extensive burns;
• bedsores;
• poorly healing wounds;
• radiation damage to the skin or mucous membranes;
• ulcers of any origin.

Perhaps the effective use of Actovegin in craniocerebral injuries and strokes, varicose veins associated with a weakening of the tone of the vascular walls.

How to administer the drug correctly

You can do intramuscular injections with this drug, intravenous and intra-arterial infusions. Infusions can only be carried out by a doctor in a medical institution. Many patients do injections on their own at home.

Important: before starting therapy, the doctor must conduct trial testing. For this, 2 ml of the drug is injected for one minute. This length allows you to monitor the reaction of the patient's body to the drug and, in the event of adverse events, immediately stop the administration of the drug. That is why you should not start giving injections on your own at home - the first injection is always done by a medical worker.

• a single daily dose should not exceed 5 ml;
• the maximum duration of the course of treatment is 20 procedures and no more.

1. First, wash your hands thoroughly with warm water and soap.
2. Remove the ampoule from the refrigerator and warm it in your hands.
3. Bring the ampoule to a vertical position and tap the bottom with your finger so that the liquid sinks to the bottom.
4. Prepare a disposable syringe, break off the upper tip of the ampoule and carefully draw the medicine into the syringe.
5. Turn the syringe upside down and slowly press the plunger until a drop of the drug hangs on the needle.
6. Prepare the patient's buttock. Divide it conditionally into four parts. Injections are made in the upper quarter closer to the outside.
7. Wipe the skin with alcohol, stretch it with two fingers and insert the needle three-quarters at a right angle.
8. Slowly inject the drug - the rate of administration should not exceed 2 ml per minute.
9. Quickly withdraw the needle after insertion is complete and rub the injection site with a cotton swab.

During the introduction of Actovegin, local pain often occurs. This is completely normal - there is no reason to stop treatment. Analogues are selected only if the drug causes allergic reactions or does not give the desired effect. It is impossible to increase the dosage and frequency of injections; in this case, they switch to other methods of therapy.

Contraindications and application features

With great care, this drug is prescribed to pregnant women and children under the age of three years. The decision on the advisability of using Actovegin is always made by the doctor, based on the severity of the disease and the patient's well-being.

• acute heart failure;
• difficulty removing fluid from the body;
• serious pathologies of the kidneys;
• pulmonary edema;
• drug intolerance.

If intramuscular injections are allowed at home, the patient must follow certain rules so as not to harm his health. Actovegin in any form, and especially intramuscularly or intravenously, is incompatible with alcoholic beverages. The action of these two substances is completely opposite, therefore the most unpredictable reaction can occur.

Ampoules should be stored strictly in the refrigerator on the door or bottom shelf. If flakes appear in the solution or a precipitate forms, it can no longer be used. It is also important to monitor the patient's electrolyte metabolism - edema is one of the most common side effects in the treatment of this drug.

The drug is rarely prescribed to children in the form of injections due to the high risk of an allergic reaction and pain. It is used in obstetrics to prevent fetal hypoxia, but the course of treatment is carried out only in a hospital under constant medical supervision.

Actovegin is generally well tolerated by patients of any age. But this does not mean that you can use it uncontrollably for injections at home. If you want to get a good effect and not harm the body even more, it is better to entrust the injection to a specialist in a medical institution - it will be wiser and safer.

Some drug manufacturers produce substances in a variety of forms. These are powders, capsules, ointments or gels, suppositories and solutions in injection ampoules. The latter type differs in that it is used for more serious health problems. Actovegin in ampoules is also prescribed for diseases at the stage when the tablets are less effective. How then is the drug taken? The following instructions will help you understand the rules for using Actovegin.

Instructions for use of Actovegin ampoules

Actovegin is listed as an antihypoxant medication in the RLS reference book of medicines. Its function is to improve the supply of oxygen to tissues by increasing their metabolism. The solution itself is a clear or slightly yellowish liquid. The dosage in ampoules is 2.5 or 10 ml if they are intended for injection. To make infusions - droppers - you need 250 ml bottles.

Compound

According to the annotation, the main solution in the solution is deproteinized hemoderivative of calf blood, with 40 mg of dry matter per 1 ml. This term is the international non-proprietary name of the drug - INN. Actovegin also contains auxiliary components:

• water for injections;
• sodium chloride;
• anhydrous glucose.

Why are Actovegin injections prescribed?

The drug is able to help transport and utilize glucose. Indications for the use of actovegin include a wide range of diseases:

• violation of metabolic processes and problems with the vessels of the brain;
• radiation damage to the skin and mucous membranes;
• ulcers of various origins;
• burns;
• bedsores;
• long non-healing wounds;
• diabetes mellitus and diabetic polyneuropathy;
• hypoxia of tissues and organs.

How to inject

The method of application of Actovegin in ampoules can be intramuscular, intravenous or intraarterial. The first method has a limit of 5 ml, because an overdose contributes to an increase in pressure. In addition, it is recommended to conduct trial injections of Actovegin in order to exclude the possibility of developing an allergic reaction. The standard dose is 10-20 ml intravenously or intra-arterially. The specific amount depends on the severity of the disease. After the first injection, they switch to 5 ml per day intramuscularly or intravenously several times a week.

Intramuscular

If the active substance is administered intramuscularly, i.e. in the form of injections, the dosage is 5 ml per day. The maximum number of procedures is limited to 20. Here is what you need to do to administer the drug to yourself or the patient:

1. wash your hands with soap;
2. warm the ampoule with your hands;
3. put it vertically with the point up;
4. tap on the ampoule to drain the liquid to the bottom;
5. break off the tip of the ampoule;
6. draw a solution from the ampoule with a syringe;
7. release a drop of liquid, holding the syringe with the needle up;
8. visually divide the buttock into 4 parts;
9. wipe the upper outer square with alcohol;
10. stretch the skin;
11. insert the needle 3/4 at a right angle into the muscle;
12. enter Actovegin at a rate of 2 ml / min.;
13. quickly remove the syringe;
14. press the injection site with a swab.

Intravenously

The introduction of the drug intravenously is carried out using injections or droppers. For infusions, the dosage of 10-50 ml is diluted in 200-300 ml of isotonic sodium chloride solution. The latter is often replaced with a 5% glucose solution. The main thing is to observe the rate of administration, equal to 2 ml / min. The dosage of Actovegin in this case depends on the disease:

• ischemic stroke - 20-50 ml during the week, and then 10-20 ml for another 2 weeks;
• vascular disorders of the brain - 5-20 ml daily for about 2 weeks;
• difficult healing wounds - 10 ml up to 4 times a week.

To make an injection of Actovegin intravenously, you must:

• prepare a syringe with medicine;
• pull the hand over the biceps with a tourniquet;
• work with a fist to swell the veins;
• lubricate the injection area with alcohol;
• stick a needle into a vein;
• remove the constriction;
• administer medicine;
• take out the syringe and cover the injection site with cotton;
• bend your arm for 5 minutes.

Side effects

Among the side effects of Actovegin, the following are noted:

• allergies in the form of swelling, rashes or itching;
• temperature rise;
• flushes of heat;
• rapid pulse;
• arrhythmia;
• chest pain;
• dyspnea.

Contraindications

Actovegin also has limitations. The drug is prohibited under the following conditions:

• children under 3 years old;
• with kidney disease;
• with pulmonary edema;
• if heart failure is detected;
• in case of individual intolerance to injections;
• with problems with the withdrawal of fluid from the body;
• with anuria.

Drug analogues

Completely identical is the drug "Solcoseryl". According to the description, this substitute is made using the same technology and also contains deproteinized calf blood hemoderivat. A feature is that Solcoseryl does not include a preservative that increases the shelf life of actovegin, but at the same time negatively affects the liver. Its price is from 800 rubles. Here are a few more analogues of actovegin in ampoules:

1. "Cerebrolysin". New generation drug. It is indicated for mental retardation in children, spinal cord and brain injuries, ischemic stroke. Price from 600 rubles.
2. "Cortexin". A nootropic drug that improves brain function, positively affecting attention, learning and memory. Price from 800 rubles.

Features of the use of the solution for injection

The first thing to think about when treating with this medicine is alcohol. Actovegin and alcohol are completely opposite in their effect on the body. The drug improves cell respiration, and the harmful drink worsens it. For these reasons, you can not take alcohol together with Actovegin. When administered intravenously, it is recommended to monitor the water-salt balance in order to exclude edema. If flakes float in the ampoule, then it should not be used for injections.

In children

Ampoules as a form of release for children are used a little less often than tablets. All because of the frequent manifestation of side effects and painful injections. If the doctor has prescribed a course of treatment with Actovegin, then the children must undergo a trial administration in order to exclude allergies. The daily dosage is calculated as 0.4-0.5 ml per 1 kg of body weight intramuscularly.

During pregnancy

Actovegin is also useful for pregnant women - it has a positive effect on the blood supply to the placenta, reduces the risk of blood clots, which leads to a more stable supply of the fetus with essential substances and oxygen. Intravenous or intra-arterial dosage in this case is from 10 to 20 ml. After such a course, switching to intramuscular injections, reducing the amount of Actovegin to 5 ml. The therapy is at least 10 sessions of administration.

Actovegin is an effective modern drug used in many branches of medicine. With its help, they improve nutrition and cell regeneration, eliminate oxygen starvation, circulatory failure. The drug is available in different forms: ointment, cream, tablets, solution for injection and infusion.

Which form to choose or combine several, the doctor and the patient decide together, depending on the expected effect of the treatment. Each form has its own characteristics.

The effect of Actovegin on the body

Actovegin is made from natural ingredients and has practically no contraindications. Widely used in medicine, cosmetology and sports. Promotes saturation of tissues with oxygen and absorption of glucose, stimulates metabolic processes.

Used in the treatment of:

• circulatory disorders in the vessels of the brain (including after a stroke);
• ulcers of various origins;
• peripheral nerves;
• varicose veins;
• thrombophlebitis;
• endarteritis;
• diseases of the retina.

In addition, the drug is used for skin grafting, radiation damage, for healing wounds, burns and bedsores.

Features of intravenous use of the drug

Actovegin is available in ampoules of 2 ml, 5 ml and 10 ml. 1 ml contains 40 mg of active ingredient. Intravenously, it is injected into a vein by drip or jet (in cases where you need to urgently relieve pain). With drip administration, the drug is mixed with saline or glucose. It is allowed to administer no more than 10 ml of Actovegin per day, in severe cases - up to 50 ml. The number of injections and dose is determined by the attending physician based on the patient's disease and the body's response. The course is at least a week and reaches 45 days.

In diabetes, treatment is prescribed only by drip of 2 ml. The therapy lasts about 4 months.

The order of injections:

1. Prepare a syringe, cotton wool, disinfectant, tourniquet, medicine.
2. Tighten the tourniquet over the elbow - while the patient clenches his fist. Palpate the vein.
3. Treat the injection site with alcohol and insert it.
4. Remove the tourniquet and inject or adjust the operation of the dropper.
5. After the procedure, remove the needle and apply sterile cotton wool.
6. The patient keeps the elbow flexed for about 4 minutes.

The injection is simple, but it must be performed by a specialist in order to avoid unpleasant consequences and infection into the bloodstream.

For drip administration, mixing Actovegin with other drugs, except for saline and glucose 5%, is prohibited.

Purpose of intramuscular injections

When using Actovegin injections, you need to make sure that the liquid in the ampoule is clear and does not contain sediment. The medicine from the ampoule after opening can no longer be used; do not buy high dosage ampoules for injection.

The injection can be done in the buttock, shoulder, thigh and abdomen. Enter Actovegin should be slow, because. sensations are painful.

Before conducting a course of treatment, a test for an allergic reaction is carried out. To do this, make a test injection and observe the patient's condition for several hours.

Assign intramuscular injections of 5 mg for 10 days for the treatment of wounds and against exacerbation of chronic diseases. According to the therapeutic effect, they are considered less effective than intravenous.

How best to take Actovegin: intravenously or intramuscularly

Each type of Actovegin injection (intravenous or intramuscular) has its own indications. Intravenous injections should be performed by a qualified medical worker, and intramuscular injections - by any person at home after familiarization with simple rules.

After intramuscular injection, the drug is gradually absorbed through the network of vessels into the bloodstream. The action of the injection will be gradual and prolonged. And after the introduction of the drug intravenously, the action is instantaneous and short, the effect is more pronounced.

Actovegin is best taken intravenously, because. intramuscular injections are quite painful. But if it is not possible to visit a clinic for treatment or call a nurse at home, you can inject the drug into the buttock.