Known antibiotics list. Strong broad spectrum antibiotics

Antibiotics are a broad group of medicines aimed at the destruction of viral bacteria.

The very first drug of this kind is penicillin, discovered by Alexander Fleming. Year of discovery - 1928. On the basis of this substance, antibiotics of the extended spectrum of action of the newest generation were invented.

Most often, strong fast-acting antibiotics are administered as injections intramuscularly or intravenously. This is due to the fact that they can disrupt the microflora of the stomach. In addition, this way they quickly get into the focus of infection, starting work almost immediately after the injection.

The list of new antibiotics as solutions or powders for injection is quite extensive.

Such medicines include:

• cephalosporins, including "Cefpirom", "Cefotaxime", "Ceftazidime", "Cefoperazone";
• beta-lactamase-resistant aminopenicillins "Sulbactam" and others;
• aminoglycoside antibiotics, such as Amikacin and Netilmicin;
• carbapenems, which are represented by the drugs "Ertapenem", "Meropenem", "Imipinem-cilastatin".

They are prescribed depending on the complexity of the case and the characteristics of the infectious agents.

List of new tablets and capsules

There are antibiotics in the form of capsules and tablets. They are often prescribed for children and pregnant women, as they are more gentle. It is believed that they do not harm the human body.

The list of tablets and capsules of new generation antibiotics is no less wide than the list of injections.

The first ones include:

• nitrofurans - "Nitrofurantoin", "Ersefuril", etc.;
• fluoroquinolones, including Gatifloxacin, Moxifloxacin;
• macrolides, representatives of which are "Azithromycin", "Clarithromycin", "Roxithromycin", "Amoxicillin";
• natural macrolide antibiotics - "Sparfloxacin", "Levofloxacin", "Midecamycin" and others.

The last - fourth generation antibiotics include Voriconazole, Posaconazole, Ravuconazole and many other names.

New Broad Spectrum Drugs

Some doctors prefer narrowly targeted drugs, as they do not affect the integrity of the microflora of the human body.

For colds, SARS

For colds, flu and SARS, doctors prescribe macrolides, which are considered the safest among antibiotics.

These include the following drugs:

• "Erythromycin";
• "Spiramycin";
• "Leukomycin";
• "Clarithromycin";
• "Aziromycin";
• "Dirithromycin";
• "Rulid";
• "Azitral";
• "Sumamed".

Cefalexin or Cefamandol, which are characterized by a powerful bactericidal effect and a high degree of absorption from the gastrointestinal tract, can also be prescribed.

For bronchitis and pneumonia

Combinations of antibiotics are used to treat bronchitis or pneumonia.

With possible complications in the course of the disease, a cephalosporin (Ceftriaxone or Cefepime) with a macrolide or fluoroquinolone (Ciprofloxacin or Levofloxacin) is used. Moxifloxacin or Cefuroxime also effectively help with bronchitis and pneumonia.

New generation antibiotics for children

Scientists have conducted many studies, finding out the reaction of the child's body to antibiotics and found that not all medicines are useful for children.

They can only be used:

• macrolides, representatives of which are the drugs "Azithromycin", "Midecamycin", "Clarithromycin", "Roxithromycin";
• aminopenicillins, including "Amoxicillin", "Clavulanate";
• cephalosporins - "Ceftriaxone", "Cefepime".

Fluoroquinolones and carbapenems inhibit bone growth and lead to liver or kidney failure, so children and pregnant women are prohibited. Of the nitrofurans, only "Furacillin" can be used for local treatment of wounds.

Features of broad-spectrum antibiotics

They are divided into two groups - the first suppresses the effect of viruses on human cells and deprives them of the opportunity to multiply, and the second destroys them. In any case, the drugs act selectively, without affecting healthy human cells. The spectrum of action of drugs can be both wide and narrowly focused.

In dentistry

Dentists prescribe antibiotics for inflammation in the acute stage, as well as for the prevention of an infectious and inflammatory process before surgery, if the patient suffers from severe diseases of internal organs (diabetes, vascular problems, kidney failure, ulcers, etc.).

The most commonly used drugs are:

• "Doxycycline";
• "Ampioks";
• "Ooxacillin";
• "Gentamicin";
• "Clindamycin";
• "Syntomycin";
• "Lincomycin".

The latter is the most common in the field of dentistry. It accumulates in bone tissue and has a long-term effect, which is convenient for complex operations.

In urology

Antibiotics are widely used in urology, as they can get rid of infections quickly and without complications. Previously, people suffering from urological problems could die, but today such diseases are treated with literally one drug.

"Kanefron" is suitable for the treatment of cystitis, glomerulonephritis, pyelonephritis. "Palin" is prescribed for cystitis, urethritis, pyelonephritis, cystopyelitis, pyelitis. "Nolitsin" relieves acute and chronic infections in the urological area.

In gynecology

Antibiotics are also used in gynecology to treat a variety of diseases caused by the inflammatory process, from thrush to acute vaginitis.

The drug "Unidox Solutab" easily copes with cystitis, "Monural" and "Furamag" are effective for various infections. In the presence of complications, gynecologists prescribe Ofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin, Levofloxacin.

To destroy pathogens of genitourinary infections, Nalidixic Acid, Metronidazole, Ceftriaxone are sometimes prescribed.

For various infections

Antibiotics are aimed at fighting inflammation pathogens, so they all help with various infections. The doctor only selects the right course and combination of drugs to increase the effectiveness of treatment. It is important to take into account the individual characteristics of the patient, the stage of the disease and the presence or absence of progress in its course.

The average course of treatment is from 7 to 10 days, depending on the above features. During treatment, do not take alcohol or drugs.

Estimated prices for new antibiotics

Prices for medicines are constantly rising. At the moment, the current estimated prices for new generation antibiotics are as follows:

• "Sumamed" - 300 rubles / 6 tablets;
• "Azithromycin" - 100 rubles / 6 capsules;
• "Amoxiclav" - 300 rubles / 25 grams of powder;
• "Ampicillin" - 30 rubles / 20 tablets;
• Unidox Solutab - 350 rubles / 10 tablets;
• "Clindamycin" - 180 rubles / 8 capsules;
• "Nystatin" - 40 rubles / 20 tablets;
• "Tetracycline" - 80 rubles / 20 tablets;
• "Cefalexin" - 100 rubles / 16 capsules;
• "Erythromycin" - 120 rubles / 10 tablets.

There are original drugs and generics. The latter are cheaper, as they are only a copy and differ in the presence of impurities in the composition, as well as serious side effects. It is better not to risk your health and buy an expensive, but high-quality original.

Do you know? - Who invented antibiotics?

Broad-spectrum antibiotics are suitable for the treatment of infectious diseases of various organs of the digestive tract, respiratory and genitourinary systems. They differ in that the appointment of these drugs is expedient even before the precise determination of the pathogenic bacterium. Scientists are constantly striving to replenish the list of these antibiotics. It is thanks to them that many diseases can be defeated in the early stages of clinical manifestations.

Antibiotics of the new generation spread their "broad" effect immediately on a number of pathogens, whether they are gram-positive, gram-negative, anaerobic or atypical bacteria. At the same time, there is a list of situations for which these groups are best suited:

1. Preoperative prophylaxis with antibiotics (administration of the drug intravenously 30-40 minutes before the start of surgery).
2. Treatment of an infection until its specific pathogen is identified.
3. Treatment of an infection resistant to the action of a certain group of antibacterial agents.
4. The presence of "superinfection" or "co-infection" (destruction of several microbes that are simultaneously in the body).

The names of antibiotics required for prescription in such cases are more convenient to consider as part of large groups.

Penicillins

These are common and cheap antibiotics, most of them are available in tablets and suspensions, so they are easy to use in outpatient practice (clinic, advisory centers).

Indicated for infection with gram-positive, gram-negative (gonococcus, meningococcus, E. coli, Haemophilus influenzae, Helicobacter pylori, salmonella) microbes. The drugs do not affect Proteus, mycoplasmas, rickettsiae. They have a bactericidal effect (complete destruction of cells).

Respiratory fluoroquinolones

These strong antibiotics are also referred to as 2nd generation fluoroquinolones. Unlike the early 1st generation (drugs - lomefloxacin, norfloxacin, ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin), the following drugs are active against the most extensive spectrum of microbes:

• gram-positive;
• atypical (mycobacterium tuberculosis, mycoplasma, chlamydia);
• anaerobic.

Substances are actively used in the second stage of the treatment of pneumonia with the ineffectiveness of antibiotics of the penicillin group. bactericidal effect.

Carbapenems

Modern "reserve" antibiotics, which are connected only if there is no effect from other equally strong antimicrobials. The scope of action of carbapenems covers gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa.

MRSA (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus) is resistant to members of the group. Meropenem is one of the best broad-spectrum antibiotics in the fight against meningococcal infection. The effect is bactericidal.

Aminoglycosides

The spectrum of drug activity includes:

• Staphylococci.
• Gram-negative microbes.
• The causative agents of specific infections are plague, brucellosis, tularemia.
• Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
• Acinetobacter.
• Mycobacterium tuberculosis.

At the same time, for the 1st generation, the main indication is tuberculosis infection, for the 2nd and 3rd generations - Pseudomonas aeruginosa infection. They have a bactericidal effect.

1 generation:

2 generation:

3rd generation:

4th generation:

Glycopeptides

They are also confidently designated as new generation broad-spectrum antibiotics. Under their bactericidal influence fall:

• Gram-positive bacteria, including MRSA and MRSE (methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus epidermidis).
• Enterococci.
• Anaerobes, including Clostridium difficile - the causative agent of pseudomembranous colitis.

Vancomycin stands out from the general list as one of the last antibiotics most commonly prescribed in hospitals. The effect of drugs is bactericidal, only on enterococci and streptococci - bacteriostatic ("inhibition" of the vital activity of bacteria).

macrolides

Slightly toxic drugs that have a bactericidal effect on:

• gram-positive bacteria (streptococci, staphylococci, mycobacteria);
• gram-negative rods (enterobacteria, Helicobacter pylori, Haemophilus influenzae);
• intracellular microorganisms (moraxella, legionella, mycoplasma, chlamydia).

14-membered:

15-membered:

16 members:

Cephalosporins

Representatives of the 3rd and 5th generations of cephalosporins belong to a wide spectrum of influence. A destructive bactericidal effect has been observed against gram-negative (enterobacteria, Haemophilus influenzae, gono- and meningococcus, Klebsiella, Moraxella, Proteus), anaerobic (peptococci, peptostreptococci, bacteroids, clostridia) and gram-positive microbes.

3rd generation:

Parenteral:

Oral:

5th generation (parenteral):

Antibiotics for children

The appointment of broad-spectrum antibiotics for children is possible, however, not in all cases. All dosages for children of different ages are usually calculated per 1 kg of body weight and do not exceed adult doses. To understand which drug belongs to the list of children's antibiotics with a wide coverage of pathogens, you need to carefully study the attached instructions. Do not forget that each antibiotic has its own age characteristics.

Broad-spectrum antibiotics are indispensable medicines for a hospital of any level and profile of medical services. The ease of use and the high likelihood of a beneficial effect make them invaluable in the treatment of a wide variety of infections. To preserve the susceptibility of microbes to these drugs, do not start taking them yourself without consulting a doctor and stick to the correct dosage regimen.

No drug provides such a therapeutic effect as antibiotics. Until the first antibiotic appeared in medical practice, diseases such as dysentery, typhoid fever, tuberculosis, and pneumonia were considered incurable.

What is this drug, and what is its benefit? These are substances of semi-synthetic or biological origin that actively destroy a variety of pathogens. Mold fungi (cephalosporium, penicillium) act as natural producers of antibiotics; actinomycetes (streptomycin, tetracycline); bacteria, eg gramicidin; higher plants are phytoncides.

New generation antibiotics: why are they unique?

Antibiotics of the latest generation are universal medicines that allow you to overcome many colds, viral, infectious and other diseases. What is their versatility? The fact is that these are stronger antibiotics in comparison with similar predecessors. In addition to the fact that bacteria have not yet had time to adapt to this generation, funds differ in other indicators:

• drugs are safer, the number of side effects is minimized;
• convenient scheduling. If first-generation antibacterial drugs were taken 3-4 times a day, then modern broad-spectrum antibiotics are limited to two doses or even one;
• variety of forms. Previously, the list of drugs was limited only to tablets and injections, and the new generation spectrum has been added with innovative patches and effective syrups.

The classification of modern antibacterial drugs was developed by the State Center for Antibiotics. All funds are combined into certain groups, which differ from each other in the spectrum of action and characteristics.

According to the mechanism of action Antibiotic groups are divided into:

According to the spectrum of action :

• broad spectrum antibiotics. They are especially effective in diseases of an infectious nature. Doctors prescribe this type to patients who have not exactly established the cause of the disease, since they actively destroy all types of pathogenic microorganisms;
• narrow spectrum antibiotics, the action of which is aimed at the destruction of gram-positive bacteria - listeria, staphylococci, streptococci, enterococci and gram-negative pathogens - salmonella, proteus, E. coli, legionella, shigella. The narrowly targeted antibacterial drugs also include antifungal, antitumor, antituberculosis and drugs that affect protozoa.

By chemical composition drugs are classified into:

• penicillins - the first antibacterial drugs for medical treatment;
• macrolides - highly effective and safest means;
• cephalosporins - highly resistant to the destructive action of enzymes that secrete pathogenic bacteria;
• tetracyclines - for the most part they are prescribed for the treatment of urinary and respiratory tract;
• fluoroquinolones - bactericidal low-toxic drugs;
• Aminoglycosides are a type of antibacterial agents with a wide range of applications.

By generation means are different. Today there are already groups of antibiotics of the 6th generation. They are easy to use, highly effective, safe for the human body. The higher the generation, the wider the spectrum of action of drugs. For example, if the first antibiotic was penicillin of natural origin, then the latest generation of the drug includes strong inhibitors that significantly increase its effectiveness and enhance the effect.

By way of application drugs exist:

Which antibiotics are among the most powerful?

According to statistics obtained from surveys of doctors and patients themselves, the following are among the strongest broad spectrum antibiotics:

Rules for the use of antibacterial drugs

Antibiotics are preparations of artificial or natural origin and their action is to suppress the growth or complete destruction of fungi and bacteria. But in order for the treatment with antibacterial agents to be as effective as possible, some rules should be followed:

When are antibiotics not effective?

Antibacterial drugs are prescribed to fight bacteria. They will not bring benefits to the body in the following cases:

• there will be no relief if the funds are taken for viral diseases, because the action of the drugs is aimed at destroying pathogenic bacteria;
• antibiotics are not painkillers and antipyretics, so they are not relevant in these areas;
• if the cause of inflammation is not bacterial infections, then taking antibacterial agents will be superfluous;
• the disease, the source of which was the virus, cannot be cured with antibacterial medicines.

Antibiotic treatment is prescribed for various bacterial infections. Sometimes, by the first symptoms, it is possible to determine which bacteria struck a person. However, most often it is possible to identify the culprit of the disease only after a laboratory test. But, for example, in the case of acute respiratory infections and its complications, drugs are usually prescribed only on the basis of the clinical picture. In this case, broad-spectrum antibiotics are used.

Diseases and the spectrum of action of antibiotics

Back in the late 19th century, the bacteriologist Hans Gram discovered that different bacteria react differently to staining. Some acquire a pronounced color, others, on the contrary, quickly discolor. This simple experience, from a practical point of view, was of great importance. After all, a different reaction to the dye spoke about the properties of the bacterial cell wall. So, she suggested exactly how antibiotics should affect the microorganism.

Since then, there has been a basic division into Gram-negative (non-staining) and Gram-positive (staining) bacteria.

• Gram (+) - the causative agents of most infections of the respiratory tract, nasopharynx, ear, eye. These include, in particular, staphylococci and streptococci.
• Gram (-) - bacteria of this group can cause serious illness. These are E. coli, Koch's bacillus, salmonella, shigella (the causative agent of diphtheria), gonococcus, meningococcus.

The spectrum of action of antibiotics is determined by which bacteria are sensitive to a particular drug. And if narrow-spectrum antibiotics more often act either on Gram (+) or Gram (-), then a wide spectrum allows you to hit both.

List of broad spectrum antibiotics

In diseases of the respiratory tract or intestinal infections, it is the broad spectrum of antibiotics that is most often chosen. Most of the names of these drugs are familiar to many.

• Penicillins: Augmentin, Amoxicillin, Ampicillin.
• Aminoglycosides: Streptomycin.
• Amphenicols: Levomycetin.
• Fluoroquinolones: Levofloxacin, Ciprofloxacin.

The most common are antibiotics of the penicillin group. It is they who are most often prescribed in pediatrics for complications of a bacterial nature after acute respiratory infections. Penicillins are well studied, and the drugs of the latest generations minimize the number of possible complications and side effects.

At the same time, the question still arises, why do doctors prefer stronger drugs, if it is possible to treat antibiotics with a narrower spectrum of action? The choice in favor of the drugs mentioned above is made in such cases:

• Treatment based on symptoms. For respiratory or intestinal infections, broad-spectrum antibiotics are most often chosen, and not on the basis of laboratory tests. In the case of a respiratory disease, such as tonsillitis or pneumonia, it is simply not worth spending time on identifying the microorganism. But in the case of severe and rapidly developing infections, for example, with meningitis, there may simply not be time to conduct tests. Bacteria attack the brain rapidly, and delaying antibiotic treatment can lead to disability or death.
• The causative agent was detected, but turned out to be resistant (resistant) to narrow-spectrum antibiotics.
• Bacteriological studies revealed the presence of superinfection. That is, several types of bacteria were found in the body at once.
• The drug is prescribed for the prevention of infections after surgery.

With all the benefits that a wide spectrum of antibiotics provides, such medicines cannot be considered a panacea. Their uncontrolled use can affect health. In particular, the following complications arise:

• Destruction of beneficial microflora and subsequent problems from the gastrointestinal tract. Broad-spectrum antibiotics destroy all bacteria, including those we need. Therefore, probiotics or prebiotics are often prescribed along with them, which help to maintain the condition of the intestines in a normal way.
• Incorrect use of antibiotics can lead to decreased sensitivity to drugs. Often this is observed in people who have not completed the full course of therapy, but stopped treatment before the period indicated by the doctor. In this case, the antibiotic managed to kill only weak and sensitive bacteria. The rest begin to multiply, cause a new round of the disease, but are no longer amenable to treatment with the original antibiotic.
• According to some reports, children who took broad-spectrum antibiotics in the first year of life are more susceptible to developing asthma.
• Long-term use of certain drugs leads to serious complications. Penicillins can have a toxic effect on the central nervous system, and streptomycin can affect the auditory nerve.

Therefore, the universal spectrum of action of antibiotics is not at all a reason to treat them on their own. Only a doctor can choose the right drug, prescribe doses, prescribe the duration of the course. And, of course, it is the specialist who determines the appropriateness of taking antibiotics as such. After all, not every strong cough and fever are signs of bacterial infections. And with other pathogens, even broad-spectrum antibiotics are powerless.

Often, as soon as we notice a cough or a slight increase in temperature, we begin to study all possible pills and potions. Undoubtedly, knowledge of good medicines will always come in handy. Therefore, searching for information about them on the Internet is a very useful pastime. However, any disease should be treated carefully, having thoroughly studied everything and, of course, consulting a doctor. Especially when it comes to antibiotics.

Antibiotics are a powerful and effective remedy for many diseases. These antibacterial substances of synthetic, semi-synthetic or natural origin can quickly stop the growth of harmful microorganisms or completely destroy them.

Especially often they are used in the treatment of such common diseases as:

• angina;
• bronchitis;
• sinusitis;
• intestinal infections;
• otitis;
• pneumonia.

Also, antibiotics are used in a number of other cases, due to which they are one of the most popular types of medicines. However, not all and not always treated with these substances. For example, most antibiotics are usually useless in the treatment of viral diseases. Against viruses, only tetracyclines and some other groups are mainly used.

In addition, despite their widespread use, antibiotics are by no means harmless. Some of them, with prolonged use, can cause dysbacteriosis and skin rashes. Also, antibacterial drugs often have side effects, and if taken incorrectly, they can greatly weaken the body and make harmful bacteria resistant to treatment.

Therefore, for review, we have compiled a rating of the best antibiotics against specific diseases, in particular, sore throats, coughs and some others. When choosing funds, we were guided by the recommendations of specialists, patient reviews and a description of the pharmacological action of drugs. However, antibiotics should be taken strictly according to the doctor's prescription!

There are contraindications. Check with your doctor.

The best antibiotics for sore throat, bronchitis and cough

Most antibiotics are designed to fight several different types of microbes at once and have a fairly wide spectrum of action. However, only a few of them are really effective for coughs and respiratory tract infections.

3 Azithromycin

Best price
Country Russia
Average price: 160 rubles.
Rating (2018): 4.0

The rating of the best antibiotics against colds is opened by a budget domestic broad-spectrum drug. Despite the low price, it copes well with various respiratory infections, including bronchitis, laryngitis and pneumonia. Therefore, it is one of the most prescribed antibiotics.

However, he was prevented from getting a higher place in the ranking by a large number of side effects and contraindications, alas, characteristic of most of these drugs. In addition, it is not recommended for children under 16 years of age, as well as for adults who have arrhythmias, kidney or liver failure.

2 Macrofoam

The best antibiotic tablets
Country: Slovenia
Average price: 262 rubles.
Rating (2018): 4.4

Coated Slovenian tablets are a good remedy for pathogenic intracellular microorganisms. This antibiotic is used mainly for bronchitis, stomatitis, pneumonia and other infections caused by certain pathogens. Also, the drug can be taken for the treatment and prevention of whooping cough and diphtheria.

The advantages of this antibiotic include efficiency, few contraindications and minimal side effects. Plus, it's pretty easy to take. Usually it is prescribed 3 times a day, one tablet before meals.

The standard form of release of the antibiotic is 16 tablets. However, the drug is also found in the form of a suspension, which is given even to the smallest children.

1 Fluimucil-antibiotic IT

Best result
Country: Italy
Average price: 750 rubles.
Rating (2018): 4.8

Fluimucil is one of the few truly effective antibiotics suitable for both injection and inhalation. This antibiotic is used mainly for inhalation with a wet cough, bronchitis, tonsillitis, tracheitis and a number of other respiratory diseases.

Also, this solution can be called one of the best means for washing or instillation for sinusitis, including sinusitis, and otitis media. Due to the successful combination of antibiotic and mucolytic, Fluimucil not only eliminates pathogenic microflora, but also helps to cleanse the problem area. For example, with bronchitis, the drug accelerates the process of sputum excretion.

Fluimucil-antibiotic IT is released in the form of a solution of 500 mg for inhalation and injection. It should not be confused with the effervescent tablets and granules of the same name for the preparation of a solution that is taken orally.

The best antibiotics for sinusitis

2 Polydex with phenylephrine

Antibacterial and vasoconstrictive action
Country: France
Average price: 320 rubles.
Rating (2018): 4.7

Polydex spray is a complex remedy that is prescribed for a protracted cold with purulent discharge from the nose. Thanks to the combination of two antibiotics and the vasoconstrictor phenylephrine, this antibiotic has a wide spectrum of action and is effective in the fight against sinusitis and other sinusitis, rhinitis and a number of different bacteria. These drops can be called the best drug that has an antibacterial and anti-inflammatory effect and improves breathing. The effect of their application, as a rule, is noticeable after 3-5 days. The full course of treatment takes no more than 10 days.

It is important to remember that this is not only a nasal spray, but also a strong antibiotic that has a number of contraindications. In addition to pregnant women and children under 2.5 years old, Polydex is not suitable for adults suffering from glaucoma, kidney failure and kidney disease. Therefore, it is often replaced with a more gentle analogue.

1 Isofra

Best topical antibiotic
Country: France
Average price: 300 rubles.
Rating (2018): 5.0

The first place among the best remedies for sinusitis goes to a fairly powerful local antibiotic in the form of a nasal spray. Although this French drug is quite inexpensive and does not have the widest spectrum of action, it is literally indispensable in the treatment of a protracted cold with rhinitis, sinusitis or nasopharyngitis. In addition, this antibiotic is used to treat both adults and children.

The drug is considered one of the most harmless antibiotics, goes well with other drugs, has virtually no contraindications. Possible side effects include only an allergy to individual components and some deterioration in the microflora of the nasopharynx with prolonged use.

However, it is important to remember that this is still an antibiotic that must be used as prescribed by a doctor. In addition, it is categorically not recommended for use in allergic rhinitis or as a remedy for allergies.

Best Broad Spectrum Antibiotics

Although in most cases the use of narrowly targeted antibiotics is preferable, as they have fewer side effects, often recovery is not possible without a broad-spectrum antibiotic. For example, some diseases can be caused by several types of bacteria at once. In addition, not all pathogenic microflora can be eliminated by taking a specialized antibiotic.

3 Tetracycline

The widest range of action
Country Russia
Average price: 76 rubles.
Rating (2018): 4.2

Probably almost every adult knows this frequently prescribed drug. Produced in various forms, the antibiotic is almost universal.

In most cases, tetracycline is taken in the form of tablets, including bronchitis, tonsillitis, pharyngitis, prostatitis, eczema, and various infections of the gastrointestinal tract and soft tissues. Acting in a complex way, this antibiotic quickly copes with most infectious causes of cough, fever and other ailments. Also, the antibiotic is available in the form of an ointment for external use and eye ointment, which helps to eliminate some problems locally.

However, the antibiotic has many contraindications and is not suitable for children under 8 years of age, as well as for women during pregnancy or lactation. Also, like many strong drugs, it can cause serious side effects.

2 Avelox

Better efficacy in acute and chronic diseases
Country: Germany
Average price: 773 rubles.
Rating (2018): 4.5

Avelox tablets from the well-known German company Bayer are one of the most serious antibiotics used primarily to combat acute and chronic diseases that cannot be treated by most other means. Therefore, since 2012, it has been included by the Government of the Russian Federation in the List of Essential Medicines.

It is also one of the best drugs for adults due to its high efficiency and the fact that it is convenient and easy to take, so it does not depend on meals and does not require any additional actions. In addition, the antibiotic is well studied and, according to numerous studies, rarely causes side effects.

Also, the antibiotic is found in the form of an injection solution, which is often used for exacerbation of chronic bronchitis. In some cases, the course of injections of Avelox precedes the course of the same antibiotic in tablets.

1 Amoxicillin

The most harmless universal antibiotic
Country: Slovenia
Average price: 44 rubles.
Rating (2018): 4.9

The time-tested popular drug becomes the leader in the ranking of the best broad-spectrum antibiotics. It is taken for many diseases that occur both with and without temperature, in particular:

• infections of the respiratory tract and ENT organs (including sinusitis, bronchitis, tonsillitis, otitis media);
• gastrointestinal infections;
• skin and soft tissue infections;
• infections of the genitourinary system;
• Lyme disease;
• dysentery;
• meningitis;
• salmonellosis;
• sepsis.

Amoxicillin is perhaps one of the most popular antibiotics for adults and children. The presence of different forms of release, including tablets and suspensions, as well as a relatively small list of possible side effects, allow even pregnant women and babies aged 1 month to take the medicine.

Best antibiotics for kids

The illness of a child in itself is not an easy test. However, the situation is often complicated by the fact that children do not want to take an antibiotic, or it has many side effects that are extremely harmful to the child's body. Therefore, we have selected some of the most harmless and palatable effective drugs for sore throats, bronchitis and other common diseases.

2 Augmentin

The best complex antibiotic
Country: UK
Average price: 150 rubles.
Rating (2018): 4.4

Augmentin is one of the few antibiotics safe enough to be given to young children, even infants. Despite the relatively small number of side effects, the drug, unlike some analogues, can still have a negative effect on the kidneys and intestines. Therefore, it should be taken with caution, especially at an early age.

In general, the antibiotic is effective and has a good composition. Especially often this antibacterial agent is prescribed in the treatment of bronchitis, tonsillitis, sinusitis, as well as various respiratory tract infections. In addition, due to the extended complex action, this antibiotic is also effective in the fight against various mixed infections.

In addition to the suspension, Augmentin is also available in the form of tablets that school-age children and adults can take.

1 Amoxiclav

Maximum benefit - minimum contraindications
Country: Slovenia
Average price: 220 rubles.
Rating (2018): 5.0

The leader among the best children's antibiotics can be confidently called a universal broad-spectrum drug, suitable for both adults and children. The most popular form of Amoxiclav are tablets, but in pharmacies you can easily find a suspension, which is usually given to young children and even newborns with severe colds, coughs and fever caused by various infections.

In addition to the convenient form of release and versatility, the advantages of the drug include:

• minimum contraindications and side effects;
• pleasant taste;
• speed;
• does not contain dyes;
• affordable price.

Despite the mild effect of the drug, you can take it, like other antibiotics, only as directed by a doctor. In addition, Amoxiclav cannot be combined with certain other medicines.