The deepest point of water. The deepest trenches in the world's oceans

Where is the deepest place on Earth? How far is it from the center of the earth? If you put Everest there, will it rise above the surface of the Earth?
Today we will deal with the deepest places, holes, wells, caves, wells in the world, natural and man-made.

Here are the famous Parisian catacombs - a network of winding underground tunnels and artificial caves under Paris. The total length, according to various sources, is from 187 to 300 kilometers. Since the end of the 18th century, the remains of almost six million people have been buried in the catacombs.


40 meters

The Hotel Terme Millepini in Italy has adopted this bold strategy by digging a 40-metre-deep tunnel for divers and scuba divers. This is the Y-40 pool. The most interesting point of the deepest pool Y-40 is that it is filled with thermal water and has a wonderful temperature of 33 degrees Celsius.


105.5 meters

This is the depth of the Arsenalnaya Kyiv metro station, which is located on the Svyatoshynsko-Brovarska line between the Khreshchatyk and Dnepr stations. This is the deepest metro station in the world.


122 meters

The roots of the tree can penetrate to such a depth. The tree with the deepest roots is a wild ficus growing in Echo Caves near Ohrigstad, South Africa. This tree is native to South Africa. Its roots go to a depth of almost 122 meters.


230 meters

The deepest river This is the Congo, a river in Central Africa. In the lower reaches, the Congo breaks through the South Guinea Upland in a deep narrow (in some places no more than 300 meters) gorge, forming the Livingston waterfalls (total fall of 270 meters), the depths in this section are 230 meters or more, which makes the Congo the deepest river in the world .


240 meters

This is a railway tunnel Seikan Tunnel in Japan with a length of 53.85 km. The tunnel descends to a depth of about 240 meters, 100 meters below the seabed. It is the deepest under the seabed and the second longest (after the Gotthard Base Tunnel) railway tunnel in the world.


287 meters

Even deeper is the Eiksund Road Tunnel, laid along the bottom of the Sturfjord in the Norwegian province of Møre og Romsdal, connecting the cities of Eiksund and Ryanes. Construction began in 2003, the opening ceremony took place on February 17, 2008, and full-fledged traffic was opened on February 23, 2008. With a length of 7765 m, the tunnel goes to a depth of 287 m below sea level - this is the deepest tunnel in the world. The slope of the roadway reaches 9.6%


382 meters

Woodingdean is an eastern suburb of Brighton and Hove located in East Sussex, England. It is notable for the fact that on its territory there is the deepest well in the world, dug by hand between 1858-1862. The depth of the well is 392 meters.

Of course, it does not look so picturesque, this is just an illustration.


603 meters

Vertigo Cave Vrtoglavica in the Julian Alps. It is located on the territory of Slovenia, near the border with Italy). The cave was discovered by a joint Slovenian-Italian group of speleologists in 1996. The deepest karst well in the world is located in the cave, its depth is 603 meters.

The North Tower of the World Trade Center in New York can easily fit here (its height is 417 m, and taking into account the antenna installed on the roof - 526.3 m).

If you accidentally fall into this hole, you can reach the bottom in 11 seconds.


700 meters

33 miners found themselves under the rubble as a result of the collapse of the San Jose mine on August 5, 2010. They spent more than 2 months in captivity at a depth of 700 meters and were considered dead for almost 3 weeks. As a result of 40 days of work, a well was drilled to save the Chilean miners.


970 meters

This is the largest dug hole in the Earth, from the bottom of which you can still see the sky. The Bingham Canyon Quarry in Utah is one of the world's largest man-made formations. After more than 100 years of mining, a large crater 970 meters deep and 4 km wide was formed. This unique canyon was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1966.

This quarry will fit the entire Burj Khalifa - the tallest building in the world ever created, whose height is 828 meters. And it will not just fit, but more than 140 meters will remain from its “crown” to the surface.

On April 10, 2013, a giant block of earth broke off and rushed into a huge pit in the artificial Bingham Canyon in Utah. Approximately 65 to 70 million cubic meters of earth rattled against the walls of the mine, reaching speeds of up to 150 kilometers per hour. The event was so powerful that it shook the earth - seismic sensors worked, recording an earthquake. The intensity was measured as 2.5 points on the Richter scale.


1642 meters

Baikal is the deepest lake on Earth. The current value of the maximum depth of the lake is 1642 m.


1857 meters

The Grand Canyon is one of the deepest canyons in the world. Located on the Colorado Plateau, Arizona, USA. Depth - more than 1800 m.


2199 meters

So we got to the deepest cave in the world. This is the Krubera (Voronya) cave - the only known cave in the world deeper than 2 kilometers. The main entrance to the cave is located at an altitude of about 2250 m above sea level.


3132 meters

To date, the deepest is the Moab Khotsong mine in South Africa, located southwest of Johannesburg. Its depth is 3 kilometers. The elevator takes 4.5 minutes to the very bottom, but you can speed up the process: if a person accidentally falls here, then the flight to the bottom will take him 25 seconds.


3600 meters

A living organism was found at such a depth. About a hundred years ago, the English scientist Edward Forbes claimed that there were no living creatures deeper than 500 meters. But in 2011, nematode worms Halicephalobus mephisto were found in a gold mine in South Africa. The second name for these 0.5 mm creatures is "the worm from hell."


4500 meters

The deepest mines in the world are located in South Africa: Tau Tona, Witwatersrand - a depth of more than 4500 m, Western Deep Levels Mine (Western deep mine) - 3900 m (De Beers company), Mponeng - 3800 m. Miners have to work in extreme conditions. The heat reaches up to 60 ° C, and at such a depth there is a constant danger of water breakthrough and explosions. These mines produce gold. The journey here takes the miners about 1 hour.

By the way, the Witwatersrand mine produces from 25 to 50% of the gold mined in the world. Mining is carried out, among other things, from the deepest mine in the world, Tau-Tona - its depth is more than 4.5 km, the temperature in the workings reaches 52 degrees.

A piece of gold-bearing ore mined at the deposit:


We move on. The next one will be very deep.

10994 meters

The Mariana Trench (or the Mariana Trench) is an oceanic deep-sea trench in the western Pacific Ocean, the deepest known on Earth. It is named after the nearby Mariana Islands. The deepest point of the Mariana Trench is the Challenger Deep. According to measurements in 2011, its depth is 10,994 m below sea level.

It's very deep. If Everest 8848 meters high could be placed here, then more than 2 km would still be left from its top to the surface.

Yes, there is a place on Earth about which we know much less than about distant space - the mysterious bottom of the ocean. It is believed that world science has not even really begun to study it...

At a depth of 11 kilometers. At the bottom, the water pressure reaches 108.6 MPa, which is approximately 1072 times higher than the normal atmospheric pressure at the level of the World Ocean.


12262 meters

We have reached the deepest well in the world. This is the Kola superdeep well. It is located in the Murmansk region, 10 kilometers west of the city of Zapolyarny. Unlike other ultra-deep wells that were drilled for oil production or exploration, SG-3 was drilled exclusively for research purposes at the point where the Mohorovichic boundary comes close to the Earth's surface.

At a depth of five kilometers, the ambient temperature exceeded 70 ° C, at seven - 120 ° C, and at a depth of 12 kilometers, the sensors recorded 220 ° C.

Kola superdeep well, 2007:

The Kola Superdeep was the source of the urban legend about the “well to hell”. This urban legend has been circulating the internet since at least 1997. For the first time in English, the legend was announced in 1989 on the air of the American television company Trinity Broadcasting Network, which took the story from a Finnish newspaper report published on April Fool's Day. According to this legend, in the very thickness of the earth, at a depth of 12,000 meters, the microphones of scientists recorded cries and groans. The tabloid newspapers write that it is "a voice from the underworld." The Kola super-deep well began to be called the "road to hell" - each new kilometer drilled brought misfortune to the country.

If something is dropped into this hole, 50 seconds will pass before this “something” falls to the bottom.

This is it, the well itself (welded), August 2012:


12376 meters

Well Z-44 Chayvo, which was drilled in Russia on the shelf of Sakhalin Island, is considered the deepest oil well in the world. It goes to a depth of about 13 kilometers - this depth is comparable to the height of 14.5 skyscrapers Burj Khalifa, which so far remains the tallest in the world. This is the deepest hole mankind has been able to drill.


At the moment, this is the deepest place in the world. And it is only at a depth of about 12.4 km. Is it a lot? Recall that the average distance to the center of the Earth will be 6371.3 kilometers ...

The world is so interesting that every time there is something to be surprised. Tell me, do you know which one? But its size makes you think a lot. Have you ever been to the capital of Russia and do you know where it is? Have you thought about which one? Since you have visited our page, it means that you are looking for answers to these questions. Check out our website and you will learn a lot of interesting things.

8 deepest points in the world's oceans on planet Earth

At the bottom of the oceans there are special depressions (troughs) in which darkness reigns. Due to the strong pressure, these places are still poorly understood, but at least their depth is already known. To find out in which ocean the deepest trench is located, read our article to the end.

8 - Japanese chute

The Japanese trench is located in the Pacific Ocean and connects with the Kuril-Kamchatka depression. According to the latest data that can be found on Wikipedia, its length is 1,000 km, and depth - 8 412 meters. Will this data change? Everything is possible, because the studies that were carried out in 1989 using the Shinkai 6500 11 apparatus showed that the depth of the depression was only 6,526 m. depth of 7,700 m.

7 - Puerto Rico Trench

The Puerto Rico Trench is located on the border of the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. It occupies a fairly large area of ​​1,754 by 97 km and has depth 8,742 meters. The area in which the depression is located poses a serious danger to the inhabitants of this region. For example, in Haiti in 2010, an earthquake of magnitude 7.0 was recorded. The trough itself was hit by an earthquake of magnitude 8.1 in 1787.

6 - Kuril-Kamchatsky Trench

Some 100 years ago, the Kuril-Kamchatka trench had a different name - the Tuscarora depression. This is a deep sea trench 9,717 meters) with a width of 59 km. The depression was explored for the last time in 1950 by Soviet scientists on board the Vityaz ship. There is information that the bottom of the depression is uneven, and valleys, terraces and ledges are located on the slopes. Whether the gutter will be explored in more detail in the near future, we still do not know.

5 - Izu-Bonin Trench

Izu-Bonin Trench, which is located in the Pacific Ocean. The depression connects to the Japanese Trench and has depth 9 810 meters. The bottom is flat and sometimes narrow. It is divided by rapids into several depressions, the depth of which varies between 7–9,000 m.

4 - Kermadec Depression

It cannot be said that the Kermadec oceanic trench is the deepest. She has the maximum depth 10 047 m and a length of 1,200 km. There is a depression at the eastern foot of the island of the same name. The trench is not only deep, but also quite cold and the reason for this is the current from the Arctic. Is there life in the marine world at such a depth? - a question to which we are also not averse to getting an answer.

On a note. This depression was named after the French navigator and traveler Jean-Michel Huon de Kermadec.

3 - Philippine Trench

It is logical that the Philippine Trench is located near the Philippine Islands. It appeared as a result of the collision of the earth's layers. Since the groove has depth 10 540 meters, then it is on the third step of our rating. As for other sizes, they are also not small: the length of the depression is 1,320 km, and the width is 30 km.

For the first time this place was discovered during the expedition, which was carried out in 1883-1884. And it was like this: the corvette "Vettore Pisani" (Italy) reached the eastern side of the Philippine Islands and recorded great depths. Palubmo, who commanded the expedition, did not attach any importance to this and went on. A little later, the German hydrographic expedition, commanded by W. Brenneke, took up the study of the depression.

2 - Tonga Trench

A deep-sea trench, the length of which is 860 km, is also located in the Pacific Ocean. The depression has depth 10,882 meters and connects to the Karmadek Trough. If you think that this is the greatest depth of the world's oceans, then you are greatly mistaken. Gutter in our list gets only second place.

The peculiarity of Tonga is that, compared with other places on our planet, the greatest movement of lithospheric plates is observed here. If they usually move 2 cm per year, then in this place it is 25.4 cm. Since the depression is not very well explored, big discoveries can await us ahead.

1 - Mariana Trench

Finally, you will find out which is the deepest depression in the world's oceans. Mariana Trench. It is located in the western part of the Pacific Ocean and its deepest point " Challenger Abyss"(she Mariana Trench ) is located depth near 10 994 m. You can find it 340 km southwest of the island of Guam. The latest studies of the depression were carried out by an American expedition in 2010, which discovered mountains on the surface of the bottom. With the help of a modern device, scientists were able to explore 400 thousand m 2 of area.

Mariana Trench coordinates: 11.22, 142.35.

An interesting fact: if you get to a depth of 10,994, then there the atmospheric pressure will be 1,072 times higher than usual. To make it clear to you what it is, imagine that you have 100 elephants on your head. It's scary to even think about it. At great depths, there is such pressure that even modern instruments cannot withstand it. An example of this is the apparatus "Nereus", which disappeared in an unknown place during the study of the Karmadek depression.

What will you answer if you are asked in which ocean is the deepest trench? Do you know which or ? If you don't know, no big deal. Stay with us and we will tell you a lot of interesting things.

Among the deepest places on the planet there are both natural and man-made origin. Whatever the history of their appearance, these depressions and mines do not become more mysterious from this.

No. 10. Lake Baikal – 1,642 m

Baikal has a depth of 1,642 meters and is the deepest among the lakes. Therefore, local residents often call Baikal the sea. This depth is explained by the tectonic origin of the lake.

Many other records and amazing discoveries are associated with this place. Baikal can be called the largest natural reservoir of fresh water on Earth. This is the oldest lake on our planet (it is more than 25 million years old) and two thirds of the flora and fauna of the reservoir are found nowhere else.

Source: www.baikalia.com

No. 9. Krubera-Voronya Cave – 2,196 m

The Krubera-Voronya cave (Abkhazia) belongs to the deepest places on Earth. And we are talking only about the studied part of the cave. It is possible that the next expedition will go even lower and set a new depth record.

The karst cave consists of wells connected by passages and galleries. It was first opened in 1960. Then cavers were able to descend to a depth of 95 meters. The two-kilometer barrier was overcome by the Ukrainian expedition of speleologists in 2004.


Source: travel.ru

No. 8. TauTona Mine - 4,000 m

Located in the Republic of South Africa, not far from Johannesburg. This world's greatest gold mine goes into the ground for 4 kilometers. At this incredible depth, there is a whole underground city with a network of kilometer-long tunnels. To get to their workplace, the miners have to spend about an hour.

Working at such a depth is associated with a large number of dangers - this is humidity, which reaches 100% in some branches of the mine, high air temperature, the danger of an explosion from gas leaking into the tunnels and collapse from earthquakes, which occur here quite often. But all the dangers of work and the costs of maintaining the functionality of the mine are generously paid off by the mined gold - in the entire history of the mine's existence, 1200 tons of precious metal have been mined here.


Source: hetaqrqir.info

No. 7. Kola well — 12,262 m

Located on the territory of Russia. This is one of the most unusual and interesting experiments performed by Soviet scientists. Drilling began in 1970 and had only one goal - to learn more about the Earth's crust. The Kola Peninsula was chosen for the experiment because the oldest rocks of the Earth, about 3 million years old, come to the surface here. They were also of great interest to scientists.

The depth of the well is 12,262 meters. It made it possible to make unexpected discoveries and forced to reconsider scientific ideas about the occurrence of the Earth's rocks. Unfortunately, the well, created for a purely scientific purpose, did not find application in subsequent years, and a decision was made to conserve it.

No. 6. Izu-Bonin depression - 9,810 m

In 1873-76, the American oceanographic ship Tuscarora conducted surveys of the seabed for the laying of an underwater cable. A lot, abandoned off the Japanese islands of Izu, recorded a depth of 8,500 meters. Later, the Soviet ship "Vityaz" in 1955 explored and established the maximum depth of the depression - 9810 meters.


Source: ethnonet.ru

No. 5. Kuril-Kamchatsky Trench - 10,542 m

The Kuril-Kamchatka trench is not only one of the deepest places on Earth, the depression is also the narrowest in the Pacific Ocean. The width of the gutter is 59 meters, and the maximum depth is 10,542 meters. The basin is located in the northwestern part of the Pacific Ocean. In the middle of the last century, Soviet scientists were engaged in its study on the Vityaz ship. No more detailed research has been done. The gutter was opened by the American ship Tuscarora and bore this name for a long time until it was renamed.


Source: skybox.org.ua

No. 4. Kermadec chute - 10,047 m

Located in the Pacific Ocean off the Kermadec Islands. The maximum depth of the depression is 10,047 meters. Investigated by the Soviet vessel "Vityaz". In 2008, at a depth of 7 kilometers in the Kermadec Trench, a previously unknown species of sea slugs from the snail fish family was discovered. The researchers were also surprised by other abodes of this deepest place on Earth - huge 30-centimeter crustaceans.


Where is the deepest place on Earth? How far is it from the center of the earth? If you put Everest there, will it rise above the surface of the Earth?
Today we will deal with the deepest places, holes, wells, caves, wells in the world, natural and man-made

1.8 meters

Graves are usually dug at this depth. It is from this depth that the zombies will come out when the time comes.

Here are the famous Parisian catacombs - a network of winding underground tunnels and artificial caves under Paris. The total length, according to various sources, is from 187 to 300 kilometers. Since the end of the 18th century, the remains of almost six million people have been buried in the catacombs.

40 meters

The Hotel Terme Millepini in Italy has adopted this bold strategy by digging a 40-metre-deep tunnel for divers and scuba divers. This is the Y-40 pool. The most interesting point of the deepest pool Y-40 is that it is filled with thermal water and has a wonderful temperature of 33 degrees Celsius.

105.5 meters

This is the depth of the Arsenalnaya Kyiv metro station, which is located on the Svyatoshynsko-Brovarska line between the Khreshchatyk and Dnepr stations. This is the deepest metro station in the world.

122 meters

The roots of the tree can penetrate to such a depth. The tree with the deepest roots is a wild ficus growing in Echo Caves near Ohrigstad, South Africa. This tree is native to South Africa. Its roots go to a depth of almost 122 meters.

230 meters

The deepest river This is the Congo, a river in Central Africa. In the lower reaches, the Congo breaks through the South Guinea Upland in a deep narrow (in some places no more than 300 meters) gorge, forming the Livingston waterfalls (total fall of 270 meters), the depths in this section are 230 meters or more, which makes the Congo the deepest river in the world .

240 meters

This is a railway tunnel Seikan Tunnel in Japan with a length of 53.85 km. The tunnel descends to a depth of about 240 meters, 100 meters below the seabed. It is the deepest under the seabed and the second longest (after the Gotthard Base Tunnel) railway tunnel in the world.

287 meters

Even deeper is the Eiksund Road Tunnel, laid along the bottom of the Sturfjord in the Norwegian province of Møre og Romsdal, connecting the cities of Eiksund and Ryanes. Construction began in 2003, the opening ceremony took place on February 17, 2008, and full-fledged traffic was opened on February 23, 2008. With a length of 7765 m, the tunnel goes to a depth of 287 m below sea level - this is the deepest tunnel in the world. The slope of the roadway reaches 9.6%.

382 meters

Woodingdean is an eastern suburb of Brighton and Hove located in East Sussex, England. It is notable for the fact that on its territory there is the deepest well in the world, dug by hand between 1858-1862. The depth of the well is 392 meters.

Of course, it does not look so picturesque, this is just an illustration.

603 meters

Vertigo Cave Vrtoglavica in the Julian Alps. It is located on the territory of Slovenia, near the border with Italy). The cave was discovered by a joint Slovenian-Italian group of speleologists in 1996. The deepest karst well in the world is located in the cave, its depth is 603 meters.

The North Tower of the World Trade Center in New York can easily fit here (its height is 417 m, and taking into account the antenna installed on the roof - 526.3 m).

If you accidentally fall into this hole, you can reach the bottom in 11 seconds.

700 meters

33 miners found themselves under the rubble as a result of the collapse of the San Jose mine on August 5, 2010. They spent more than 2 months in captivity at a depth of 700 meters and were considered dead for almost 3 weeks. As a result of 40 days of work, a well was drilled to save the Chilean miners.

970 meters

This is the largest dug hole in the Earth, from the bottom of which you can still see the sky. The Bingham Canyon Quarry in Utah is one of the world's largest man-made formations. After more than 100 years of mining, a large crater 970 meters deep and 4 km wide was formed. This unique canyon was designated a National Historic Landmark in 1966.

This quarry will fit the entire Burj Khalifa - the tallest building in the world ever created, whose height is 828 meters. And it will not just fit, but more than 140 meters will remain from its “crown” to the surface.

On April 10, 2013, a giant block of earth broke off and rushed into a huge pit in the artificial Bingham Canyon in Utah. Approximately 65 to 70 million cubic meters of earth rattled against the walls of the mine, reaching speeds of up to 150 kilometers per hour. The event was so powerful that it shook the earth - seismic sensors worked, recording an earthquake. The intensity was measured as 2.5 points on the Richter scale.

1642 meters

Baikal is the deepest lake on Earth. The current value of the maximum depth of the lake is 1642 m.

1857 meters

The Grand Canyon is one of the deepest canyons in the world. Located on the Colorado Plateau, Arizona, USA. Depth - more than 1800 m.

2199 meters

So we got to the deepest cave in the world. This is the Krubera (Voronya) cave - the only known cave in the world deeper than 2 kilometers. The main entrance to the cave is located at an altitude of about 2250 m above sea level.

3132 meters

To date, the deepest is the Moab Khotsong mine in South Africa, located southwest of Johannesburg. Its depth is 3 kilometers. The elevator takes 4.5 minutes to the very bottom, but you can speed up the process: if a person accidentally falls here, then the flight to the bottom will take him 25 seconds.

3600 meters

A living organism was found at such a depth. About a hundred years ago, the English scientist Edward Forbes claimed that there were no living creatures deeper than 500 meters. But in 2011, nematode worms Halicephalobus mephisto were found in a gold mine in South Africa. The second name for these 0.5 mm creatures is "the worm from hell."

4500 meters

The deepest mines in the world are located in South Africa: Tau Tona, Witwatersrand - a depth of more than 4500 m, Western Deep Levels Mine (Western deep mine) - 3900 m (De Beers company), Mponeng - 3800 m. Miners have to work in extreme conditions. The heat reaches up to 60 ° C, and at such a depth there is a constant danger of water breakthrough and explosions. These mines produce gold. The journey here takes the miners about 1 hour.

By the way, the Witwatersrand mine produces from 25 to 50% of the gold mined in the world. Mining is carried out, among other things, from the deepest mine in the world, Tau-Tona - its depth is more than 4.5 km, the temperature in the workings reaches 52 degrees.

A piece of gold-bearing ore mined at the deposit:

We move on. The next one will be very deep.

10994 meters

The Mariana Trench (or the Mariana Trench) is an oceanic deep-sea trench in the western Pacific Ocean, the deepest known on Earth. It is named after the nearby Mariana Islands. The deepest point of the Mariana Trench is the Challenger Deep. According to measurements in 2011, its depth is 10,994 m below sea level.

It's very deep. If Everest 8848 meters high could be placed here, then more than 2 km would still be left from its top to the surface.

Yes, there is a place on Earth about which we know much less than about distant space - the mysterious bottom of the ocean. It is believed that world science has not even really begun to study it...

At a depth of 11 kilometers. At the bottom, the water pressure reaches 108.6 MPa, which is approximately 1072 times higher than the normal atmospheric pressure at the level of the World Ocean.

12262 meters

We have reached the deepest well in the world. This is the Kola superdeep well. It is located in the Murmansk region, 10 kilometers west of the city of Zapolyarny. Unlike other ultra-deep wells that were drilled for oil production or exploration, SG-3 was drilled exclusively for research purposes at the point where the Mohorovichic boundary comes close to the Earth's surface.

At a depth of five kilometers, the ambient temperature exceeded 70 ° C, at seven - 120 ° C, and at a depth of 12 kilometers, the sensors recorded 220 ° C.

Kola superdeep well, 2007:

The Kola Superdeep was the source of the urban legend about the “well to hell”. This urban legend has been circulating the internet since at least 1997. For the first time in English, the legend was announced in 1989 on the air of the American television company Trinity Broadcasting Network, which took the story from a Finnish newspaper report published on April Fool's Day. According to this legend, in the very thickness of the earth, at a depth of 12,000 meters, the microphones of scientists recorded cries and groans. The tabloid newspapers write that it is "a voice from the underworld." The Kola super-deep well began to be called the "road to hell" - each new kilometer drilled brought misfortune to the country.

If something is dropped into this hole, 50 seconds will pass before this “something” falls to the bottom.

This is it, the well itself (welded), August 2012:

12376 meters

Well Z-44 Chayvo, which was drilled in Russia on the shelf of Sakhalin Island, is considered the deepest oil well in the world. It goes to a depth of about 13 kilometers - this depth is comparable to the height of 14.5 skyscrapers Burj Khalifa, which so far remains the tallest in the world. This is the deepest hole mankind has been able to drill.
At the moment, this is the deepest place in the world. And it is only at a depth of about 12.4 km. Is it a lot? Recall that the average distance to the center of the Earth will be 6371.3 kilometers ...

The relief of the earth's surface is very diverse. From space it looks like a smooth ball, but in fact, on its surface there are both the highest mountains and the deepest depressions. Where is the deepest place on earth located? ocean or land?

In contact with

The World Ocean is a huge expanse of water that occupies more than 71% of the Earth's surface. It includes all the seas and our planet. The relief of the ocean floor complex and varied, its waters are the habitat of millions of living organisms.

The deepest ocean in the world is the Pacific. The map shows that it occupies a huge area and borders on Asia, North and South America, Australia, and Antarctica. More than 49.5% of the total water space of the Earth contains the Pacific Ocean itself. Its bottom is a mixture of relict relief with transgressive plains. Most of the ocean floor elevations are of tectonic origin. There are hundreds of natural underwater canyons and ridges. The deepest trench in the world is located in the Pacific Ocean. Mariana Trench.

Mariana Trench

The Mariana Trench (or the Mariana Trench) is a deep oceanic trench, considered deepest known on earth. It received its name in honor of the Mariana Islands, in the neighborhood of which it is located. This is the deepest and most mysterious place in the Pacific Ocean.

Scientists have been studying the Mariana Trench since the late 19th century. This is the deepest trench recorded by researchers.

Then they did not have good equipment at their disposal, so the data that was obtained is not true. In 1875, a deep water lot set the depth. it lowest point on earth.

During the same period, the deepest place on Earth began to be called the "Challenger Abyss" on behalf of the British ship on which the explorers sailed. Secondarily, the Mariana Trench was measured in 1951.

In the middle of the last century, scientists managed to study the depression more and establish its depth at 10,863 m. In the future, many research ships visited the Challenger Deep. The most accurate results were obtained in 1957. Then the depth of the depression was 11,023 m.

Important! Now the depth of the Mariana Trench is 10,994 meters below sea level, this is the deepest place in the ocean known today.

Inhabitants of the ocean floor

Even at present, the bottom of the Pacific Ocean has not been fully studied, because it is the deepest ocean in the world. Many places in the Mariana Trench remain unexplored, because at such a great depth too high pressure. But, despite all the difficulties, people managed to descend to the depth of the depression. The first dive into the deepest trench happened in 1960. Scientist Jacques Picard and US Navy soldier Don Walsh descended to a record depth of 10,918 meters. During the dive, people were inside the bathyscaphe. Scientists said that they saw at the bottom of the ocean flat 30-centimeter fish, outwardly similar to a flounder.

During further research, other living organisms were discovered:

  1. In 1995, Japanese researchers found foraminifera - living organisms that live at a depth of 10,911 m.
  2. During a series of dives by American scientists, fish of the opisthoproct family were found, football fish and frilled shark.
  3. In the course of numerous studies, the bottom of the Mariana Trench was studied by special probes, which were photographed at a depth of 6000–8000 m of angler, sea devil and other terrifying fish.

There are legends that huge 25-meter sharks are found in the Mariana Trench. Scientists even found trophies - bones, shark teeth and other fossils. But this does not indicate that sharks still live there now. Perhaps they were here far in antiquity.

The deepest places in the world's oceans

Each of the four oceans has its own deep place. The lowest point is in the Pacific Ocean, but what about other trenches and depressions?

Puerto Rico Trench

The Puerto Rico Trench is located at the junction of the Caribbean Sea and the Atlantic Ocean. The absolute depth of the trench reaches 8385 m. This area, due to the structure of the relief, is often subject to tremors and high volcanic activity. Nearby islands suffer from constant tsunamis and earthquakes.

Java depression

The Java Trench (or Sunda Trench) is the deepest place in the Indian Ocean. Gutter stretches for 4-5 thousand kilometers, and the lowest point reaches 7729 m. The name of the depression was due to the proximity to the island of Java. The bottom of the trench is an alternation of plains and canyons with ridges and ledges.

Greenland Sea

The part of the Arctic Ocean that is located on crossing Iceland with Greenland and Jan Mayen Island is called the Greenland Sea.

Sea area - 1.2 million square meters. km. The average depth of the body of water is 1444 m, and the deepest point is 5527 m below sea level. Most of the relief of the seabed is a huge basin with underwater ridges.

it deepest trench in Europe. There is a lot of commercial fish here, which is caught by fishermen of nearby islands.

Inland basins of Russia

Deep depressions are located not only in the waters of the oceans. A striking example of this is the Baikal Rift, located in. The lake itself is considered the deepest on Earth, so it is not surprising that the lowest inland place is located here. Lake Baikal is surrounded by mountains, so the elevation differences between ocean level and the rift exceeds the mark of 3615 m.

Important! The depression reaches 1637 m in depth and is the largest depth of Lake Baikal.

Depression of Lake Ladoga. Lake Ladoga is located in the Republic of Karelia. It is considered the largest freshwater lake in Europe. The average depth of the lake ranges from 70-220 m, but it reaches its absolute maximum in one place - 223 m below sea level.


Caspian Sea.
The Caspian lake is located on the border of Europe and Asia. It is the largest enclosed body of water on earth, which is why it is often referred to as the Caspian Sea.

On the Russian side, the reservoir borders on the Volga islands and, but most of the Caspian Sea is located on the territory of Kazakhstan. Max Depth lake is 1025 m below sea level.

Khanty lake. Occupies third place among the deepest places in Russia. The maximum depth here reaches 420 m. The reservoir is located in the Krasnoyarsk Territory. There is not much data about this place, but this is enough to make Khantai Lake one of the deepest places in Russia.

inland depressions

Our Earth is rich in relief. You can see many high mountains, thousands of endless plains and hundreds of depressions. Below is a list of the deepest places recorded worldwide:

  • The Jordan Rift Valley (Ghor) is located at the crossroads of Syria, Jordan and Israel. The deepest place is 804 m.
  • The depression of Lake Tanganyika is located in Central Africa and is longest freshwater lake in the world. The deepest place is 696 m.
  • The Great Slave Lake Depression is located in Canada. The lowest point is 614 m. This is the deepest trench in North America.
  • Great Bear Lake Depression - also located in Canada and is rich uranium deposits. The deepest place is 288 m.

Science's view of the deepest places

Dive to the bottom of the earth with Cameron

Conclusion

In fact, there are dozens of deep places in the world. Many of them can be found at the bottom of reservoirs, others - in the Earth itself. This topic is quite interesting, and scientists are studying such places. Now you know where the deepest place on Earth is located, in which ocean the deepest depression and what interesting places of the world are studied by specialists.

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