Treatment of bronchitis in children 1.5 years. Bronchitis in children: signs and symptoms, treatment and prevention. Clinical criteria for the diagnosis of obstructive bronchitis

Bronchitis is a disease of the lower respiratory tract, the pathology is often diagnosed in babies, their body is not yet strong, it is susceptible to various viral infections. The disease in most cases occurs in a chronic form or is the result of a previous infectious disease.

Lack of proper, effective treatment leads to the appearance of bronchial asthma, pneumonia. Both conditions negatively affect the health of the crumbs. All parents need to know what causes the disease, the characteristic symptoms, methods of treating bronchitis in a child.

Causes

Children get sick much more often than adults, the fact is due to the specific structure of the respiratory system of babies, weak immunity, which is sometimes unable to cope with infections of various etiologies. The respiratory tract of children is characterized by wide, short bronchi, pathogens can easily settle in them than in an adult.

An important role is played by the environment of the crumbs. In a kindergarten or school, one or two people are always sick. Constant contact with a carrier of infection eventually leads to infection of the child. It is almost impossible to protect a baby from such a danger; not all parents welcome homeschooling. The only way out is to strengthen the immune system, timely treatment of bronchitis in the early stages of development.

Characteristic symptoms

The main signs and symptoms of bronchitis in children:

at first the child becomes weak, appetite disappears, headaches appear;
then parents notice the appearance of a dry cough or with a small amount of sputum. Over time, pain in the throat increases, distinct wheezing, a barking cough, and a runny nose appear.

On average, body temperature rises to 38 degrees, for mild forms, a mark of 37.5 degrees is typical. A week later, a dry cough turns into a wet one, facilitating the process of expectoration, the baby can be completely cured in 14–21 days. Improper treatment can lead to complications, a longer course of the disease.

In case of recurrence after recovery, consult a doctor, sometimes the cause of re-illness is latent chronic diseases, weakened immunity. In this case, you will need to take a course of antibiotics, which are prescribed exclusively by a doctor.

Treatment at home

Bronchitis in children can really be cured at home, for this special medicines, traditional medicine are used. Only in the case of elevated body temperature, which does not subside, the presence of complications, deterioration of the crumbs, hospitalization is necessary. It is forbidden to self-medicate children under one year old, incomplete functioning of the respiratory system can lead to serious complications, a sad outcome of events.

An important role in the treatment of bronchitis in children is played by the observance of certain rules aimed at normalizing the condition of a small patient, removing pathogens from the body.

In the first three days of illness, provide the baby with complete bed rest, ventilate the room regularly. After a few days, small walks in the fresh air are allowed, provided that there is no elevated body temperature.

Follow a special diet: lean on cereals, dairy products, do not forget about natural vitamins - fresh vegetables and fruits. If someone in the family smokes, protect the baby from tobacco smoke, the irritant adversely affects the recovery of the baby.

Liquefaction of sputum is achieved by drinking a large amount of warm drink. Aspect helps to remove accumulated toxins from the body. In addition to pure water, vitamin drinks are recommended for taking (broths from rose hips, raspberries, linden, mint, chamomile tea, milk + honey).

It is important with a dry cough to moisten the room in which the small patient is located. Do the manipulations with a special humidifier. Daily carry out wet cleaning, cleaning the "atmosphere" in the room of a sick baby.

Drug therapy

Many parents ask themselves: are antibiotics needed for bronchitis? In most cases, this therapy is inappropriate. Antibiotics will not help in any way if there is a flu, a cold. Strong immunity to cope with the problem on its own, there is no need to use potent drugs. Antibiotics are prescribed only if the temperature lasts for more than four days, purulent sputum has formed, and the general condition deteriorates sharply.

Required medicines:

with a strong fever, elevated temperature, pediatricians recommend giving the baby antipyretics for children. Paracetamol in syrup is perfect for these purposes;
antitussive drugs. The treatment of dry cough consists in taking the combined remedy Sinekod, when switching to a wet cough, expectorants are prescribed: Gedelix, Mukaltin, Alteyny Syrup, Prospan, Bronchikum, chest fees.

Very young children are forbidden to take most medicines. There is a proven folk remedy that helps the baby to expectorate if he does not know how to do it on his own: regularly turn the child from one side to the other. The sputum gradually moves down, irritating the bronchi, which leads to a reflex cough.

Home inhalations

Inhalations for bronchitis have been used for a very long time, therapeutic pairs enter directly into the bronchi, quickly cope with the disease. To carry out the procedure at home, use a nebulizer, with the help of a special device, the procedure is quick and easy.

Only pharmaceutical products are poured into the nebulizer; for home remedies, use a saucepan with hot water: the baby tilts his head over the container, covers himself with a towel from above, the child inhales useful vapors.

For home inhalation, the following recipes are suitable:

take a tablespoon of dry raspberry leaves, currants, sea buckthorn (twigs), pour a liter of boiling water, use as directed;
for two liters of boiling water, take 10 drops of iodine, add a tablespoon of salt, 4 drops of propolis tincture will help increase the healing properties of the solution. Let the finished remedy brew for 10 minutes;
mix in equal proportions breast collection (sold in a pharmacy) with eucalyptus leaves. Use 50 grams of raw materials obtained per liter of boiling water, as the volume of water increases, add the amount of herbs.

Important! At elevated temperatures, inhalation is strictly prohibited. Failure to comply with this rule leads to an aggravation of the situation.

Massage

Therapeutic manipulations contribute to the removal of sputum, restore blood circulation in the bronchi, and prevent possible complications.

Doctors distinguish several massage techniques for bronchitis in children:

drainage. It is performed on the back in such a position of the body that the head is lower than the torso;
point. Certain zones are massaged (neck, chest area), used as an aid to basic manipulations;
chest massage. Do the procedure carefully, with patting movements;
vibration. Perform tapping movements along the entire back;
honey. It is no different from the usual, but slightly warmed honey is additionally used. It is allowed to carry out only in the absence of an allergy to beekeeping products;
jar. The method is outdated, but some still use it. For this type of massage, you will need special jars.

Folk remedies and recipes

Folk remedies for bronchitis:

potato. Grind the vegetable cooked in uniform, add a little vegetable oil, 2 drops of iodine. Put the resulting mass on the chest, throat of the child, be sure to wrap the treated areas. Perform manipulations before going to bed;
spruce buds + milk(in a ratio of 1:10). Boil the mixture of ingredients for 10 minutes, the minimum dose for a child is 200 grams per day, it is allowed to drink up to 1 liter of the product per day;
rubbing with pork fat. An effective method has been used for many centuries: melt the fat, rub it on the back, neck, throat, wrap it up, leave it overnight.

Disease prevention

Protecting a child from bronchitis is not easy, but try to cure all colds, strengthen the immune system of the crumbs, temper the child's body, regularly give multivitamin preparations. If possible, limit contact with sick children.

When a child develops bronchitis, do not despair, there are proven remedies that will quickly help to cope with the disease. Carefully study medical recipes, be healthy!

Read more about the symptoms and treatment of bronchitis in children in the following video:

The child coughs - the alarm “rings” in the mother’s chest. With bronchitis, the child coughs especially hard, causing parents to literally panic. Meanwhile, the signs and symptoms of bronchitis in a child are not yet a verdict on his health. We will tell you in detail how to adequately treat bronchitis in children, avoiding complications.

Darkening in the sternum, clearly visible on the X-ray, is an obvious "hint" of bronchitis in a child.

What kind of "beast" is this - bronchitis

Bronchitis is an inflammation of the bronchi, which are part of the airways and are the tubular branches of the trachea necessary to connect it to the lungs. For physicians who are not devoid of romance, the appearance of the bronchi resembles trees with branched crowns, which are securely attached to the trachea at the base of the trunk, and the tops of the branches “dig into” the delicate tissue of the lungs.

At the junction with the trachea, the bronchi are essentially two massive hollow tubes, the deeper into the lungs, the more shallow and branched the structure becomes at the bronchi. We need this organ so that the air that we inhale safely reaches the lungs.

It is no secret that in the air, no matter how clean it is, there are always all kinds of viruses, bacteria and allergens. Which with every breath rush into our body.

At any point along the way, they can “attach” to the mucous tissue, “settle” there, “take root” and begin to multiply, thereby causing an inflammatory process. If this happens in the upper respiratory tract (nasopharynx, larynx), we get diseases such as laryngitis, sinusitis, or for example or.

And it also happens that hostile viruses, microbes or allergens penetrate deeper - into the lower respiratory tract - that is, into the bronchi and the lungs themselves. In this case, inflammation usually has such frightening names as bronchitis, pneumonia, etc.

We repeat: the "branches" of the bronchi in structure resemble a kind of hollow tubes. When inflammation occurs in them (to be more precise, it occurs on the mucous membrane of the inner surface of the bronchi), then this “tube”, through which air should normally flow freely into the lungs, swells strongly (which means it narrows!).

In addition, in response to inflammation, an increased amount of mucus begins to form on the inner surface of the bronchi. To rid itself of a possible blockage, the bronchi (through contraction of the outer muscular layer) begin to produce a kind of spasm. Doctors are able to listen to this phenomenon with a stethoscope. They usually refer to such contractions in the bronchi as "bronchospasm".

The first thing a pediatrician does when a child is suspected of having bronchitis is to listen to his lungs.

So three things: swelling of the bronchi, increased production of sputum in the bronchi and bronchospasm give reason to physicians, including pediatricians, to make a diagnosis - "bronchitis". Alas, only one, but the most expressive, symptom is available to parents at home - it is really difficult for the baby to breathe. And especially when trying to take a deep breath.

Why is bronchitis dangerous for children?

Since the patency of the airways is greatly reduced with bronchitis, this disease is primarily dangerous because it worsens the ventilation of the lungs in a child. Less oxygen enters the lungs - which means that less oxygen penetrates into the blood. As a result - temporarily all organs and tissues of the body receive less vital oxygen.

In addition, it is bronchitis that is the most favorable condition for the development of pneumonia - that is, inflammation of the lungs. It happens something like this: due to temporary obstruction of the bronchi, the lungs are poorly ventilated. However, viruses and bacteria still penetrate there. Having settled on the area of the inner surface of the lungs, which is temporarily deprived of ventilation, the "treacherous guests" begin to multiply instantly. The inflammatory process caused by this activity is pneumonia. Alas, in children, pneumonia is one of the most common complications of bronchitis, especially with improper treatment.

By itself, bronchitis is a serious and dangerous disease, which even adults sometimes “surrender” with difficulty. Children also suffer from bronchitis even more - because sputum clots accumulate deep in the bronchi, and babies are almost deprived of the opportunity to get rid of them on their own.

The fact is that the human body can remove mucus from the respiratory tract only with the help of the so-called respiratory muscles, which are still poorly developed in children under 6-7 years old. Simply put, children can cough even at the age of one and a half, but they can cough up effectively only when their respiratory muscles get stronger - that is, at about the age of 6-7 years.

This explains the fact that most respiratory diseases, including bronchitis, are more severe and more difficult in children than in adults.

Bronchitis: symptoms in children

The most common and obvious symptoms of bronchitis in children are:

high temperature, fever;
Labored and "noisy" breathing;
Rapid and not deep breathing;
Lack of appetite;
General weakness;
Drowsiness;

All of the listed symptoms of bronchitis in children are related to the most common form of the disease - bronchitis caused by viruses. But in fairness, it is also worth mentioning the symptoms of bacterial bronchitis, which is much more difficult than its viral counterpart.

Bacterial inflammation of the bronchi (no more than 1% of all cases of bronchitis) is different:

Extremely serious condition of the child (often with loss of consciousness);
intense heat;
Signs of intoxication (possible vomiting, headache, nervous disorders, etc.);
The absence of a runny nose against the background of extremely difficult breathing (wheezing, coughing, etc.).

Even the slightest suspicion of bacterial inflammation of the bronchi requires immediate hospitalization of the child.

If the doctor has difficulty in diagnosing bronchitis in a child, then simply a clinical blood test will definitely dispel all doubts.

Causes of bronchitis in children

In the vast majority of cases, bronchitis in children occurs against the background and is caused by the activity of viruses. There is a whole group of viruses that most often “take root” on the bronchial mucosa. It is believed that, for example, influenza viruses especially "like" to multiply precisely on the inner surface of the bronchi, provoking the development of bronchitis. This means that your child may well get sick with bronchitis, just by contacting another baby with SARS.

It is important to understand that the occurrence of bronchitis in a child is not directly related to factors such as:

Hypothermia (you can catch bronchitis even while sitting by a hot fireplace, if at the same time your interlocutor is a carrier, for example, of the influenza virus);
Precedent disease of bronchitis in the past (in contrast, for example, whether the child had bronchitis once or not yet - does not play any role);
Nasal congestion, inability to carry out nasal breathing (viruses will enter the bronchi through the nose or through the mouth - it does not matter);

There is a very common myth: they say that bronchitis can develop when the inflammation that began in the nose, in the trachea or in the larynx, "falls" lower. That is, bronchitis, in the eyes of the inhabitants, is often a continuation of laryngitis, pharyngitis, tonsillitis, etc. In fact, if inflammation has arisen on the mucous membrane, say, of the nose or larynx, then it cannot move to any other areas.

How to treat bronchitis in children

Antibiotics are useless! No matter what parent you ask, every second believes that the treatment of bronchitis in children is necessarily associated with a course of antibiotics. In fact, antibiotics, even the most modern and effective, in 99% of cases of bronchitis are completely useless. Because, as we have mentioned more than once, bronchitis - in 99 cases out of 100 - is a viral disease! And therefore, any antimicrobial drugs in the fight against it are completely helpless. Why, then, do doctors themselves often prescribe antibiotics for bronchitis in a child?

The fact is that most physicians seek to prevent the occurrence of childhood pneumonia in this way - we have already mentioned that against the background of bronchitis, inflammation of the lungs (which, unlike bronchitis, occurs due to the activity of pathogenic bacteria, not viruses) is very likely. However, such preventive antibiotic therapy is not justified.

A popular children's doctor, Dr. E. O. Komarovsky: "Prescribing antibiotics for acute viral infections, including bronchitis, does not reduce, but rather increases the likelihood of complications"

So, bronchitis in a child cannot be treated with antibiotics. But how to carry out adequate treatment of bronchitis in children?

Step 1: Drink plenty of water. Drinking plenty of water thins the blood - this is a well-known fact. At the same time, many medical studies have proven that the density of blood and the degree of density of mucus on the mucous membranes are directly related. Therefore, the more liquid the child's blood, the less dried mucus accumulates in the respiratory tract, including in the bronchi.

Simply put: rather than puzzle over how to help the baby cough up excess sputum from the bronchi, just do not let it accumulate there and dry up to the walls. The more liquid the baby drinks, the easier it is for him to breathe.

Step 2: Use of antipyretics. If the child's temperature rises rapidly, and passes the mark of 38 ° C, he should be given an antipyretic.

Step 3: Humid and cool climate in the room where the child lives. The drier and hotter the air that the baby breathes, the more mucus is formed in his respiratory tract, and the faster it shrinks into dangerous clots. In order to prevent sputum from accumulating in the bronchi, it is enough to change the climate in the children's room - ideally, the humidity should reach 65-70%, and the temperature should not exceed 21 ° C.

Step 4: Special massage. With bronchitis in children, mucus accumulates in the bronchi, which partially dries up, literally “sticking” to the walls of the respiratory tract. If the baby is not able to cough it up on his own, he can be helped with a special massage:

Lay the child on your lap (face down) so that his butt is just above his head. Such an inclination to the floor is necessary in order to use the force of attraction - it will also contribute to the removal of sputum from the bronchi.
Then, with your fingertips, gently but firmly tap him on the back in the area of the shoulder blades. The movements of your fingers should be slightly "raking" - as if you are trying to dig a small hole in the ground with your hand. Perform these "raking movements" strictly in one direction - "row" from the lower back to the head.
Then abruptly put the child on your lap and ask to cough.
These manipulations can be repeated 2-3 times in a row.

Please note that in no case should massage be carried out while it is hot. And also it is not recommended to do it for those children who cannot yet cough “on command”.

Step 5: Go for a walk. It is obvious that with an acute form of bronchitis, no one takes children outside for walks. And not because fresh air and sunlight are harmful to a sick child - on the contrary, they are extremely necessary for him. It’s just that in the presence of heat (high temperature) and general poor health, it’s really not easy for him to walk. But if you can organize a “half-walk” for the baby without leaving home (dress warmly and let him sit / lie down on the balcony or on the veranda) - this will only benefit his respiratory system. Indeed, in order to reduce the activity of viruses in it, fresh air is needed, banal ventilation of the lungs is necessary. Which naturally occurs during a walk in the fresh air.

Bronchitis is a respiratory disease that can have dangerous complications. Parents have many questions about the treatment of this disease: in what cases are antibiotics used and whether it is possible to cure a child with the help of inhalations and warming procedures. The condition of the baby can deteriorate dramatically, it all depends on the form of the disease and age. Therefore, home treatment should always be agreed with the doctor. To speed up recovery, it is necessary to maintain optimal humidity and temperature in the room.

Content:

What is bronchitis. Types of disease

So called inflammation of the bronchial mucosa. The disease has an infectious and allergic nature. Often, the inflammatory process appears on the background of colds and flu. Most often, children get sick with infectious bronchitis in the cold season, when the body's immune defenses weaken.

The infection enters the child's body from the outside by inhaling contaminated air. It is also possible to activate one's own conditionally pathogenic microflora, which is facilitated by hypothermia of the body, a decrease in immunity.

Depending on the cause of occurrence, the following types of bronchitis are distinguished:

Bacterial. Its pathogens are bacteria such as streptococci, staphylococci, pneumococci, Haemophilus influenzae and whooping cough, chlamydia, mycoplasma.
Viral. It occurs due to the penetration of influenza viruses into the bronchi, as well as adenoviruses.
Allergic. It occurs when the bronchi are irritated by chemicals, dust or pollen of plants, particles of animal hair.

Infectious species are contagious. When the patient sneezes or coughs, the infection spreads up to 10 meters around.

When breastfeeding, the child has passive immunity, that is, with mother's milk, he receives protective antibodies to infections. Therefore, babies under the age of 1 year suffer from bronchitis only in cases where they have deviations in the development of the respiratory system, they were born prematurely, or the body is weakened by other diseases.

The development of infection in the bronchi occurs when the mucus formed in them as a result of irritation and inflammation of the mucosa dries up, blocking the respiratory passages. In this case, the ventilation of these organs is disturbed.

Causes of the disease

The causes of bronchitis in children are:

If the treatment of bronchitis in children is not carried out in a timely manner or turned out to be ineffective, then the disease from an acute form becomes chronic. Moreover, it lasts for years, with periodic relapses. Most often, recurrent bronchitis occurs in children 4-7 years old. The disease recurs 3-4 times a year after a cold, for about 2 years. There are no episodes of bronchospasm.

The likelihood of a complicated disease increases if the child has inflammation of the adenoids or chronic tonsillitis. Factors contributing to the occurrence of bronchitis in an infant are early weaning, unsuitable sanitary and living conditions, the presence of smokers in the house.

Symptoms of different types of bronchitis

The device of the respiratory system in children has its own characteristics. Their respiratory passages are narrower, due to which their rapid overlap is possible in the event of mucosal edema. Congenital malformations of the lungs or bronchi are more pronounced in infants. After 1-1.5 years, deviations often disappear.

Immunity in children is under development, their susceptibility to infections is increased. The respiratory muscles are weaker, due to which the ventilation of the respiratory organs is worse than in adults. In addition, the volume of the lungs in children is less, which contributes to the accelerated spread of pathogens.

In children, thermoregulation of the body is not sufficiently developed. They overheat faster, catch a cold easier.

Note: Especially quickly spasm and swelling of the bronchi (obstruction) develops in infants. The resulting lack of oxygen is life-threatening.

Types of acute bronchitis

There are the following types of acute illness:

Simple bronchitis. The symptoms are the mildest. There are no symptoms of shortness of breath.
Obstructive bronchitis. A serious and dangerous condition in which respiratory failure may occur.
bronchiolitis. There is inflammation of the bronchioles (bronchial tubes with a diameter of 1 mm, located in the region of transition to the lungs). This leads to blockage of the pulmonary vessels, the occurrence of heart disease.

Bronchitis of any type begins with the onset of cold symptoms, which then acquire the characteristic features of the inflammatory process.

Symptoms of simple bronchitis

Against the background of a cold, the child has general weakness, headache, severe dry cough up to 7 days. Drying of the mucus leads to the appearance of hoarseness in the bronchi. If the inflammation also affected the larynx, then a barking cough appears. There is an increase in temperature to 37 ° -38 ° (depending on the severity of the disease). Gradually, a dry cough turns into a wet one. There are gurgling wheezing. If the discharge of sputum occurs normally, then the child's condition improves significantly. The disease in this form can last for 1-3 weeks. The severity of manifestations depends on the age of the baby, his physical development, general health.

If the disease is started, then the child has complications such as bronchiolitis and pneumonia. Sometimes a disease that occurs in a viral form does not proceed quite normally. After the virus dies (after about a week), the child gets better, but then his condition deteriorates sharply: the temperature rises, the cough and headache intensify. This suggests that a bacterial infection has joined the viral infection, and urgent antibiotic treatment is required.

The infection process can be either unilateral or bilateral. One of the signs of the disease is redness of the eyes due to inflammation of the mucous membrane (conjunctivitis).

Symptoms of obstructive bronchitis

Signs of obstruction most often appear in children under 3-4 years of age. They usually occur with a viral or allergic form of the disease. The main signs of obstructive bronchitis are noisy hoarse breathing with prolonged expiration, paroxysmal cough ending in vomiting, retraction of the intercostal muscles during inhalation, and swelling of the chest.

With this form of the disease, the child's body temperature does not rise. Obstructive bronchitis can occur suddenly after the baby has played with a pet (for example, at a party) or inhaled paint during repairs.

Signs of obstruction sometimes appear around the 4th day of influenza or acute respiratory infections. Characteristic are bouts of dry cough, which does not bring relief. Whistling rales are heard in the lungs.

Up to 4 years, relapses of the disease are possible, then the attacks most often stop.

Note: Obstructive bronchitis differs from bronchial asthma in that the symptoms of respiratory failure develop slowly, while with asthma, the child begins to choke suddenly.

A frequently recurring obstructive process of any origin can turn into bronchial asthma.

Video: How to treat obstructive bronchitis in children

Signs of bronchiolitis

The main sign of inflammation of the bronchioles is shortness of breath. At first, it occurs in a child if he is actively moving, but over time it appears at rest. During inspiration, you can hear a characteristic hiss. When listening, the doctor hears wheezing in the lower part of the bronchi.

As a rule, with bronchiolitis, the temperature rises to 38 ° -39 °. It is more difficult for a child to exhale than to inhale. The chest and shoulders are raised. The face swells, blue appears. Persistent cough with scanty sputum gives no relief, causing chest pains. Other manifestations of this condition are dry mouth, infrequent urination, and rapid heartbeat.

The course of bronchitis in children of different ages

Bronchitis after a cold in a child is a common occurrence. Sometimes it proceeds easily, without fever and is manifested only by a cough. In complicated cases, the temperature is high, there are spasms of the bronchi and suffocation.

The disease usually begins with a dry cough. Gradually, sputum accumulates in the bronchi, which becomes mucopurulent. Wheezing appears, they can be considered signs of the transition of the disease to the stage of recovery. At this point, it is important to facilitate the removal of sputum to the outside, cleaning the bronchi from infection. This is easier for older children, as they already understand that they need to cough up and spit out sputum.

A small child is not always able to do it on his own. Parents can help him, for example, by turning him over to another barrel. In this case, sputum moves along the walls of the bronchi, causing irritation and coughing.

In infants, due to difficulties with the discharge of mucus from the bronchi and its stagnation, the main symptoms are often bouts of severe coughing with shortness of breath. At the age of 2-6 months, the disease usually occurs in the form of bronchiolitis.

Usually, recovery from uncomplicated bronchitis occurs in 7-8 days. If bronchitis is complicated by obstruction, then it can manifest itself within a few weeks, turning into pneumonia.

Diagnosis of bronchitis

By the nature of the cough and the type of sputum discharge, the doctor determines what type of bronchitis occurs in a child. White sputum is characteristic of viral inflammation, and a greenish-yellow tint appears with bacterial inflammation of the bronchi. With allergic bronchitis, lumps of clear mucus are coughed up.

During examination and listening to the chest, the presence of such symptoms of bronchitis in children as hoarse breathing, difficulty exhaling, swelling of the chest, and muscle retraction in the intercostal region is determined.

With the help of a general blood test, the number of leukocytes is determined, the presence of an inflammatory process is established.

In case of dangerous complications (severe coughing attacks accompanied by a high temperature for more than 3 days), an x-ray of the lungs is taken. In this case, equipment with a reduced dose of radioactive radiation is used. Pneumotachometry is performed. With the help of a special device, the patency of the respiratory tract is examined during inhalation and exhalation.

If there are signs of an infectious disease, a sputum test is done to determine the type of infectious agent. To diagnose bronchiolitis in infants, a histological examination of sputum is performed for the presence of characteristic viruses that can live in the bronchi and lungs, the so-called respiratory syncytial infection. An important sign of inflammation of the bronchi in an infant is cyanosis (cyanosis of the skin and mucous membranes), which appears as a result of heart and lung failure.

For the diagnosis, the presence of characteristic wheezing and shortness of breath, as well as the frequency and strength of the heartbeat, are important.

A strong cough can also occur with other diseases, such as pneumonia, laryngitis, tuberculosis. Its cause may be a congenital pathology of the functioning of the respiratory system, the ingress of a foreign body into the trachea. Diagnosis allows you to confirm the presence of bronchitis, prescribe the correct treatment.

Video: Dr. E. Komarovsky about the cause and treatment of bronchitis

Bronchitis treatment

First of all, parents should remember that in no case is it unacceptable to self-medicate. As pediatrician E. Komarovsky emphasizes, a small child with bronchitis can be harmed not only by uncontrolled intake of medications, but also by improper use of home procedures.

Hospitalization is carried out in cases where acute bronchitis occurs in a complicated form (in the presence of shortness of breath, high temperature, difficulty in eating and drinking). At home, when treating simple bronchitis, the child should be in bed if he has a high fever. As soon as it normalizes, the child needs walks in the fresh air.

It is often necessary to drink warm tea, compote (fluid intake should be increased by 1.5 times compared to usual). This contributes to the liquefaction of sputum and its removal from the bronchi. For drinking, you can prepare herbal teas (linden, mint). It is useful to drink alkaline mineral water, which will help reduce the viscosity of sputum. An infant is applied to the chest as often as possible, additionally watered with water.

Thermal procedures (inhalations, mustard plasters, baths for warming the legs, rubbing the chest) can only be carried out in the absence of elevated body temperature.

Medicines prescribed for children with bronchitis

Antiviral drugs, such as arbidol, anaferon, fluferon, interferon, for acute bronchitis, the doctor prescribes, taking into account the age and weight of the child.

Antibiotics with bronchitis, they have an effective effect only when the disease is of a bacterial nature. They are prescribed when thick sputum is colored yellow-green, while there is a high temperature, shortness of breath, symptoms of intoxication of the body (nausea, severe headache, weakness, sleep disturbance). The presence of a bacterial process can be said if the symptoms of the disease do not subside within 10 days after the start of antiviral treatment. Antibiotics are needed if a child develops bronchiolitis and is at risk of developing pneumonia. Usually, children are prescribed azithromycin, zinnat, supraks, sumamed.

Cough remedies. The following types of drugs are used:

expectorants (pertussin, licorice root extract, decoctions of some herbs);
sputum thinners such as bromhexine, lazolvan, libexin.

Fluifort, which has proven itself in the treatment of children, is used to thin sputum for bronchitis and cough. It is produced in the form of a syrup, which is convenient to give to a child, and even babies like the pleasant taste. The main active ingredient in the composition of the syrup is carbocysteine lysine salt, it helps to thin and remove sputum from the lungs. Fluifort restores the structure of the mucous membranes of the respiratory system, facilitates breathing, significantly reduces the frequency and intensity of coughing. The effect of the drug is noticeable already in the first hour after application and lasts up to 8 hours. The neutral pH of the syrup makes it completely safe. one

Warning: Babies under 2 years of age should never be given expectorants. Taking them will increase the coughing fit. The liquefied sputum can enter the respiratory tract and lungs, leading to even more serious complications.

Antipyretics. Panadol (paracetamol), nurofen (ibuprofen), ibuklin are used in the form of tablets, suspensions, suppositories - in forms convenient for children of any age.

Antihistamines(Zyrtec - for children older than 6 months, Erius - from 1 year old, Claritin - from 2 years old). They are used in the treatment of allergic bronchitis in children.

Preparations for inhalation. Used for obstructive acute bronchitis. The procedures are carried out using a special inhaler. Used such means as salbutamol, atrovent.

As additional procedures, chest massage, therapeutic breathing exercises, physiotherapy (ultraviolet irradiation, electrophoresis) are prescribed. Procedures are not carried out during an exacerbation of the disease.

Video: Therapeutic cough massage

The use of folk methods for bronchitis

Folk medicines based on natural ingredients help to alleviate the condition of a child with bronchitis, carry out preventive treatment to prevent relapses, and strengthen immunity. Such funds, after agreement with the doctor, are taken as an adjunct to drug treatment.

Note: The well-known Moscow doctor, chief pulmonologist of Russia, Professor L. M. Roshal strongly recommends using the "Monastic Collection" for chronic bronchitis, composed of 16 herbs (sage, string, wormwood and others). Herbal remedies, mustard, honey and other medicinal components used in traditional medicine cause allergies in many people. Therefore, they can not be used by everyone.

As an expectorant, you can use a decoction of coltsfoot, it calms a cough well with simple bronchitis, a decoction of St. John's wort, which has a bactericidal and anti-inflammatory effect. A well-known cough medicine for bronchitis, pneumonia is considered to be baked radish with honey, oatmeal broth. Soda inhalations also help.

Effective home methods of treatment include warming and distracting procedures (foot baths, mustard plasters, cups, warming compresses on the right side of the chest are used).

The most important measure for the prevention of bronchitis is the timely treatment of colds, runny nose, infectious diseases of the throat and upper respiratory tract. The child must be tempered, accustomed to physical education, he must spend a lot of time outdoors. Vitamins must be added to the diet all year round.

It is important for parents to ensure that the apartment is always clean, cool, sufficiently humid air.

1. There are contraindications. Before use, you must read the instructions / information for use and / or consult with a specialist.

Bronchitis is a disease of the bronchi, that is, the airways leading to the lungs. Its cause in children is almost always viruses. Usually the disease is accompanied by a strong cough. Sometimes it seems that the child does not have enough air. At times, a whistling sound can be heard when breathing. Parents think they can hear the mucus vibrating in the baby's chest. In fact, the mucus is in the throat, and the noise it makes is transmitted to the chest.

Mild bronchitis, without fever or loss of appetite, is only slightly more serious than the common cold. Treatment is no different from aggravating a cold. The child must be provided with peace, given a little more liquid to drink than usual, and surrounded by care and attention. If the cough is preventing him from sleeping, you can use a cough suppressant. Antibiotics are not used, as they do not kill the viruses that cause bronchitis.

However, if the child looks ill, is breathing heavily, and has a temperature above 38.3°C, a doctor should be called. The fact is that bronchitis is easy to confuse with other, more serious infections that require antibiotic treatment.

Bacterial or viral infection, stress, fatigue, malnutrition (for example, excessive consumption of dairy products) are not all causes of the disease. Cough is a reflex clearing of the mucous membranes of the respiratory tract. The goal of natural therapy is to eliminate the causes of the disease, not its symptoms.

Cough can be wet, dry, soft, hard, with sputum, etc. Depending on your "investigation" about the causes of the cough and its nature, certain remedies are selected.

As an independent disease in children, it practically does not occur, and most often it is one of the manifestations of acute respiratory viral infections and is accompanied by any other signs of an acute respiratory disease: runny nose, laryngitis, pharyngitis, tracheitis, etc. The development of bronchitis is typical for whooping cough.

Causes of bronchitis in children

The cause of bronchitis is the ingress of bacteria or viruses into the respiratory tract against the background of a weakening of the general condition (decreased immunity, hypothermia or sudden overheating, inhalation of polluted air and tobacco smoke, etc.).

Bronchitis, as a rule, is a consequence of viral diseases. With bronchitis, the infection penetrates the bronchial tree (it starts from the trachea and leads to the lungs) and provokes the production of sputum, which, in turn, leads to blockage of the bronchi, the appearance of a cough and, as a result, a deterioration in the general condition of the child.

You can suspect bronchitis in a baby if he coughs, and this cough is wet, and if it seems to you that his chest is very stuffy (that is, the bronchi are clogged). Because the symptoms of bronchitis are less frightening than those of bronchiolitis, many mothers miss the onset of the disease. Applying for several days, if not weeks, only symptomatic treatment, they hope that nothing serious can happen without a sharp increase in temperature. Now the baby will take some cough medicine - and it will become easier for him to breathe, and everything will go away by itself ... This is a completely wrong tactic!

If a child has a wet cough with frequent bouts, if it is difficult for him to eat, if he does not sleep well - do not hesitate to consult a doctor. Bronchitis is characterized by coughing attacks both at the time when the child is awake and during sleep, both at night and during the day, but mainly in the supine position. Sometimes the cough is so strong that the baby is sick and even vomits (as parents say, “some kind of mucus”). Blockage of the bronchi makes itself felt with a characteristic, similar to snoring, noise that appears both during inhalation and exhalation. When the obstruction of the bronchi is insignificant, it sometimes really goes away by itself due to the fact that sputum comes out when you cough.

When to See a Doctor...

A deep and prolonged cough that is accompanied by impaired breathing (difficulty or rapidity), blue skin, blood in the sputum, weight loss and a cough that lasts for 2 weeks is best treated under the supervision of a specialist .... when the child first comes down with bronchitis.

When bronchitis is severe enough: a wet cough is accompanied by bouts of vomiting with mucus discharge (which sometimes interferes with normal feeding of the child).

We can talk about a serious blockage of the bronchi when a child cannot, on the one hand, neither drink nor eat, and on the other hand, when his sleep is disturbed.

When bronchitis occurs at a high temperature.

When bronchitis is accompanied by a deterioration in the general condition of the child: he has a fever, it is difficult for him to eat and drink, he does not sleep well.

For any side diseases or unusual manifestations: a rash that makes one suspect the presence of one of the “childhood diseases”, diarrhea (diarrhea), nausea or vomiting, etc.

Therapeutic measures

It is necessary to help the child get rid of blockage of the bronchi, and for this, on the one hand, you should use all the possibilities of kinesitherapy (massage and breathing exercises), which will facilitate the removal of sputum that clogged the narrow "tubes" of the bronchi, and on the other hand, within a few days, if not for several weeks, it is necessary to use agents that thin this very sputum and contribute to its discharge. If a newborn or an infant a few months old is sick with bronchitis, antibiotics are also usually prescribed, since a bacterial infection often joins the viral infection as a secondary one.

You can “call simply saving and warm baths.

It is advisable to often raise the child to a vertical position and, when he sleeps, put a small pillow on it - so it will be easier for him to breathe.

It is also necessary to constantly humidify the air in the room and reduce the temperature II in it (this contributes to the separation of sputum).

What to Avoid...

Mainly, thinking that frequent and severe coughing in the absence of a high temperature is not a sign of illness.

With the next exacerbation of bronchitis, try to treat the child in the same way as last time.

You run the risk of lowering the baby's susceptibility to certain antibiotics, and most importantly, you cannot influence the cause that caused the recurrence of the disease. Recurrent bronchitis can be a complication of nasopharyngitis, associated simply with excessive growth of the adenoids. But this may indicate both the presence of gastroesophageal reflux and diseases. So the first step is to look for the cause of the disease.

To say that the observed symptoms are characteristic of the teething process.

In fact, the appearance of each tooth will certainly provoke an increase in the amount of saliva, but by no means the development of bronchitis.

Be afraid of bronchitis, when during nasopharyngitis there is a slight cough or even rare bouts of dry cough.

Symptoms and signs of bronchitis in children

Usually, the development of bronchitis is preceded by fever, headache, deterioration in general condition and other symptoms of SARS. The leading symptom of bronchitis is a cough. The diagnosis of "bronchitis" is established by the doctor based on what he hears in the lungs, listening to the child with a phonendoscope. A sign of bronchitis is a certain character of wheezing in the lungs and an extended exhalation (harsh breathing). Wheezing occurs due to the presence in the lumen of the large bronchi and trachea threads of viscous sputum. When breathing, these threads are stretched like strings and emit, vibrating, musical sounds. When coughing, the position of sputum in the lumen of the bronchi changes, and wheezing may also change in its sound or disappear altogether.

Obstructive bronchitis. Occurs when the inflammation of the bronchi joins their spasm (contraction of the muscles of the bronchi and, as a result, narrowing of the lumen of the bronchi). At the same time, exhalation is difficult, and dry whistling rales appear on exhalation when listening to the lungs. The mechanism of development of obstructive bronchitis is similar to the occurrence of an attack of bronchial asthma.

Treatment of bronchitis in children

Since in the vast majority of cases bronchitis occurs as a result of ARVI, the manifestations of this disease are treated (see "ARVI"). Antiviral drugs are prescribed, body temperature is reduced, a runny nose is treated, etc., depending on the symptoms that the patient has.

If, after normalization of the temperature on the 3-5th day of the disease, a fever reappears or the temperature persists for more than 5 days, then a bacterial infection has joined. This requires the appointment of antibiotics, which ones specifically - at the discretion of the doctor.

I. Expectorants. Leading in the treatment of bronchitis will be the appointment of expectorants. The main task is to translate a dry cough into a wet one, in other words, to achieve sputum discharge. Because sputum, stagnant in the lungs, supports the inflammatory process in the bronchi.

The best expectorant and mucus thinner is water. Sputum must form from something, and no matter how much you drink expectorant medicines, nothing will come of it without water. Therefore, it is necessary that the patient drink as much liquid as possible. For this, mineral water, tea with lemon, herbal teas of general strengthening and vitaminizing action, compotes and fruit drinks are suitable. You can also use juices, but it is better to dilute them with water 1: 1.

At the beginning of the disease, the cough is dry. At the same time, marshmallow infusion, mukaltin, burnt sugar, licorice root (syrup, decoction or breast elixir), pertussin, ammonia-anise drops help well. Dry cough mixture helps a lot.

In the future, the cough softens, sputum is expectorated. To improve the discharge of sputum, chest preparations, mixtures containing potassium iodide, ammonium chloride, sodium benzoate, and expectorant herbs are prescribed. Special preparations are also used: lazolvan, ambroxol, ambrohexal, ambrobene, erespal, bromhexine, etc.

Detailed treatment of cough is described in the chapter "Cough". However, due to the large selection of drugs offered for the treatment of bronchitis, it is best to entrust the choice of drugs that relieve coughing to a doctor.

II. Inhalations. Good for soothing coughs.

The following inhalations help with bronchitis:

Infusion of pine, poplar or birch buds. Brew 1 tsp. kidneys 200 ml of boiling water.
Infusions and decoctions of herbs with anti-inflammatory and soothing effects: sage, eucalyptus, mint, calendula, chamomile.
Steam inhalation with a decoction of jacket potatoes.

III. Distraction procedures. Mustard plasters on the chest area or mustard "socks" in the absence of an allergic reaction to mustard.

Mustard wraps. It is carried out in the absence of an allergy to mustard. Take 2 tbsp. l. mustard, 2 tbsp. l. flour, 2 tbsp. l. vegetable oil, 4 tbsp. l. water, mix until a homogeneous mass is formed. Warm up to a temperature of 38 ° C, apply evenly on gauze or cotton cloth the size of a child's chest. It is best to use a two-layer fabric, like an envelope, place the prepared mixture between the layers. Wrap the baby's chest without touching the heart area. Put a layer of cellophane or compress paper on top of the fabric, and then a woolen scarf or cotton wool. Place the child under a warm blanket for 20-30 minutes. After the procedure, if the mixture has been in direct contact with the skin of the child, it is necessary to wash or wipe his skin thoroughly. It is better to carry out mustard wraps before going to bed.

Warm oil wraps. If there is an allergy to mustard, it is better to give the child oil wraps. They are carried out similarly to mustard wraps, but instead of a mixture containing mustard, vegetable oil heated to 37.5-38 ° C is used.

Hot wraps. Prepare a blanket on which to put oilcloth or cellophane. Immerse a terry towel in hot water, wring it out and put it on the prepared blanket. Wrap the baby's chest and cover it with a second blanket from above. The procedure takes 20-30 minutes.

IV. Aromatherapy. Apply inhalations, hot inhalations and baths.

Essential oil of eucalyptus. Apply 2-3 drops of oil on a handkerchief and inhale for 5-10 minutes 2-3 times a day. You can use a combination of essential oils of eucalyptus and sage (1 drop of each oil).

Hot inhalations. Add 1 drop each of eucalyptus, tea tree and thyme essential oils to 200 ml of hot water. Inhalation should be carried out 5-10 minutes 2-3 times a day.

Bath with essential oil of juniper. Add 5-7 drops of oil to a bath at a temperature of 37-38 ° C. Take a bath for 10-15 minutes, a course of 10-15 baths.

V. Capillary therapy. An excellent effect in the treatment of bronchitis is obtained in the treatment of Zalman's turpentine baths. A course of white turpentine baths of 10-12 procedures every other day is recommended. In case of poor tolerance of white turpentine baths, mixed baths can be used.

Give your child soft and liquid foods. Many children have a habit of consuming food and drinks straight from the refrigerator - this can make coughing worse. Food should be warm, its temperature should not be lower than room temperature.

If a cough interferes with sleep, give your child a massage to help him relax. See special massage techniques in the Asthma section. You can do a general massage using your intuition - rub the child's feet or back. Make sure he doesn't get tickled.

A good sedative is visualization. Older children can do visualization on their own. See the Asthma section for an example.

In cold weather, central heating affects the air, making it too dry, and a humidifier can help prevent coughing.

OLD RUSSIAN RECIPE

By the bed (or in the room) of the child, it is useful to keep an open vessel with water, to which oils or decoctions of fragrant herbs and conifers are added.

Expectorants. This group of plants helps to separate phlegm. Examples of expectorants are anise seeds, mullein, coltsfoot, elecampane, shandra, angelica and lobelia. Expectorants can act as respiratory stimulants, which loosen phlegm and help it move through the respiratory tract, or as anti-spasmodic, muscle relaxants, which are helpful in irritating mucous membranes. Plants such as mullein, anise seeds, licorice root, viburnum bark, lobelia and angelica are especially useful for a child.

Emollients. These plants are also expectorants, but their characteristic feature is the formation of liquid mucus. Mucus has a calming and anti-inflammatory effect, protecting the tissues of the bronchi and nasopharynx from irritation. Emollient herbs moisturize the airways, which is especially helpful for dry throats. These include: marshmallow root, licorice root, slippery elm bark, plantain and violet tricolor leaves.

Anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial herbs. Burdock root, red clover flower, and echinacea are not emollients, but their anti-inflammatory properties help with coughs. The bactericidal properties of plants help the body cope with an upper respiratory tract infection. Thyme, anise seeds, garlic, ginger, angelica, calendula, and echinacea are great additions to any cough mixture. These herbs can be combined.

Choosing the right tool. To prepare a cough remedy suitable for a particular case, you need to determine what type of cough the child has and, based on this, make a mixture of appropriate herbs. For example, if the cough is very dry, focus on emollients. If the child produces a lot of sputum, and he cannot cough it up, expectorants will do. If the cough is associated with irritation, accompanied by tickling sensations, then relaxing agents (relaxants) are best suited. Try to make several mixtures using at least one herb of each type.

Herbal baths. Herbal baths are good for young children: they make breathing easier and loosen phlegm. Add 1 to 5 drops of eucalyptus or thyme oil to bathing water, or use a strong infusion of 1-2 tablespoons of dry thyme in a liter of hot water for 30 minutes. The infusion must be filtered and poured into bathing water.

OLD RUSSIAN RECIPE

The mucous membrane and smooth muscles of the internal organs during the illness need an additional amount of potassium, because during this period there is an increased metabolism in the tissues of the body. Inhalations over boiled potatoes are an old way to treat coughs. With potato steam, which a person inhales, the necessary potassium enters the mucous membranes. Eucalyptus, oregano, thyme (thyme), chamomile, calendula, etc. can be added to inhalation with potatoes. These herbs can be drunk as expectorants and emollients for all forms of cough. Potato broth (which we usually pour out) contains a large amount of potassium, which is useful not only for the respiratory system, but also for strengthening the heart muscle. Therefore, mashed potatoes containing a decoction are an essential part of the patient's diet.

Slippery elm bark. Sweep 1 teaspoon slippery elm bark with warm apple juice or sweetened water. You will get great drinks that can be given to small children from a cup, from a spoon or even with a dropper. Slippery elm bark can be made into pills or, as my children call them, "balls". Mix a couple of tablespoons of slippery elm bark with enough honey to make a dough. For flavor, you can add a few drops of lemon, mint or vanilla extract. Roll out the dough into a long rope and cut into pieces half a centimeter long. They can be rolled on top in powder or baked in the oven at 120 degrees. Children can suck on these balls instead of candy.

Aunt Eviva's potion. It is an effective and pleasant cough remedy. This medicine should not be taken during the first three months of pregnancy. At a later date, you can drink in small doses, excluding coltsfoot from the recipe. 1 tablespoon angelica root 1 tablespoon coltsfoot.

1 tablespoon mullein leaves
1 tablespoon marshmallow root
1 tablespoon licorice root
1 tablespoon thyme
1 tablespoon anise seeds
1/2 tablespoon wild cherry bark
1/2 tablespoon burdock root
1 teaspoon slippery elm bark
1 teaspoon lobelia

Mix all herbs. Put 2 tablespoons of the mixture in a glass vessel, add a liter of boiling water, cover and infuse for 2 hours. Strain into a saucepan and simmer over low heat until liquid is reduced to 1 cup. Add half a glass of honey (for children under one year, put sugar instead of honey). After the syrup has cooled to room temperature, pour it into a bottle and refrigerate. It can be stored up to 2 months.

Single dose: children from 1 to 3 years old - 1 teaspoon, older children - 1 tablespoon, adults - 2 tablespoons.

Garlic lemonade. See section "Worms". For acute coughs associated with colds and respiratory infections, garlic lemonade is simply irreplaceable. It soothes coughs, has a bactericidal and expectorant effect, and strengthens the immune system.

Ginger tea. Grate the ginger root and pour 1 teaspoon into a glass of boiling water. Steep for 20 minutes, strain, sweeten with honey and drink hot. You can add lemon for taste.

Echinacea and vitamin C. If the child has an infection, supplement simple cough remedies with echinacea tincture: 20-60 drops, depending on age, 4-6 times a day. Together with vitamin C (250-500 mg), this will prevent the occurrence of secondary infections, such as inflammation of the ear, which often accompanies diseases of the upper respiratory tract.

Cognac with lemon and honey. It is a well known home remedy for cough. Mix the ingredients in equal parts and give 1 teaspoon as needed. Make sure your child doesn't get too much alcohol. This remedy is good to give before bedtime. You can add one drop of thyme or eucalyptus oil to each teaspoon, but not more than 4 times a day.

Cough tincture. This sweet tincture based on glycerin has antispasmodic, expectorant and bactericidal action.

2 tablespoons vegetable glycerin
1 tablespoon anise seed tincture
1 tablespoon viburnum bark tincture
1 tablespoon thyme tincture
1 tablespoon of elecampane tincture
1/2 tablespoon red clover flower tincture
1/2 tablespoon black cohosh tincture
1/2 tablespoon lobelia tincture

Mix all ingredients in a dark glass bottle. Shake well before each use. The tincture can be stored for a long time at room temperature. For acute coughing fits, give 1/2 to 1 teaspoonful every 30 minutes for 2 hours. For milder or chronic coughs, give the tincture 2-4 times a day.

mustard plasters. With a protracted form of cough or bronchitis, in addition to the listed remedies, you can make a mustard wrap (or put mustard plasters) to warm up the chest and increase blood circulation. Increased blood circulation reduces coughing and speeds up recovery.

Do not put mustard plasters on children under 3 years of age, as well as on a sleeping person who is unconscious or who, for some reason, cannot tell about the sensations of a strong burning sensation. Mustard is very caustic and misuse can cause severe skin burns.

Mustard wrap. Making a mustard wrap is not at all difficult.

For this you need:

1/4 cup mustard powder
2 cotton kitchen towels
large bath towel
hot water
large bowl
warm, damp washcloth or rag
ointment or vaseline

Spread one kitchen towel on the table. Sprinkle mustard powder on it and spread evenly, not reaching the edges by 3 cm. Fold the bottom edge so that the mustard does not spill out, and cover everything from above with a second towel. Twist the short edges towards the center to make a double roll.
Place the rolled up towel in a bowl and cover with very hot water. Bring the bowl and everything you need to the child's room. Make sure there are no drafts in the room.
Spread a large bath towel on your pillow. Remove the shirt from the child and smear the skin (especially the nipples) with petroleum jelly to avoid burns.
When the mustard towels have cooled slightly, wring them thoroughly. Attach the mustard plaster to your chest and roll out the edges to the sides and back. Quickly place the baby on the bath towel and cover with a blanket.
To avoid burns, remove the wrap as soon as the child says that the mustard stings. This can happen in just a few minutes. Wipe the skin with a warm, damp cloth to remove mustard residue, and warmly cover the baby with a blanket. For children under 8 years old, do a mustard wrap for no more than 5 minutes. Adults can withstand it for a maximum of 20 minutes. Do not do a mustard wrap more than 2 times a day and for more than 2 days in a row. Remember that you can not leave the child alone with mustard plasters.

Features of the treatment of obstructive bronchitis in children

In the treatment of obstructive bronchitis, drugs with a bronchodilatory effect are additionally prescribed. In pediatric practice, aminofillin is usually used, but its appointment should be strictly under medical supervision.

Antiallergic drugs (suprastin, claritin, tavegil, diazolin, etc.) are also prescribed by a doctor, and with great care. The reason is that these drugs greatly "dry" the mucous membranes, and with obstruction, the cough is already dry. Therefore, only a doctor can determine how useful they will be in these specific circumstances.