Buck laboratory. bacteriological laboratory. Construction of a bacteriological laboratory based on a time-of-flight mass spectrometer

In the bacteriological laboratory, the type of infection that caused a particular disease of the body is determined. For this, blood, urine, cerebrospinal fluid and other body fluids are cultured on various nutrient media. Sometimes crops are made from the skin, nasal mucosa and pharynx. Eye doctors, having diagnosed "conjunctivitis", also often refer the patient for bacteriological examination.

If you suspect acute or chronic conjunctivitis, the study helps clarify the diagnosis and determine the type of bacteria that caused conjunctivitis. The study begins with the fact that, with the help of a special device, the contents of the conjunctival sac are taken and seeded on a special broth, and then on a nutrient medium. After 24-48 hours, colonies of bacteria grow on the nutrient medium. After special staining, they are examined under a microscope and the type of microorganisms living on the conjunctiva is determined. These are most often bacteria, less often - other microorganisms (fungi, amoeba).

To decide on the use of the most effective antibiotic, the sensitivity of pathogenic bacteria to medicinal substances is determined.

In conclusion, we will give a few numbers and once again remind you of how you can protect yourself from infection.

Remember that earth, water and air are inhabited by microorganisms. With every movement, blink, breath, we are in contact with them. Our mucous membranes do not allow them to enter the vital organs. Pay attention to the interesting facts collected by one of the lovers of microbiology.

1 g of street dust contains about 2 million microorganisms, they enter the air from the ground. The greatest number of microbes is found in the top 50 cm of the soil.

Water pools contain from 5 to 10,000 bacteria per 1 sq. cm, and in the city river - 23000 in 1 sq. cm.

But the data on the number of microorganisms in 1 square. m of air surrounding us: in the air in a forest or park - from 100 to 1000 microbes per 1 sq. m, in sea air 100 km from the coast - only 0.6, at an altitude of 2000 m - 3.

A completely different picture is observed on the central street of an average city - 3500 microbes per 1 sq. m, in the new house - 4500, in the old - 36000, in the hospital - 79000, in the hostel - 40000.

These numbers speak for themselves. Microorganisms include viruses, bacteria, fungal spores and molds. In addition, the dust itself in terms of chemical composition, especially on city streets, in apartments, in various industries, contains chemical and physical impurities that are harmful to the body. Our mucous membranes and skin cannot always cope with such a load without our help. In order not to get sick, you need to remember the rules of prevention.

The presence of various bacteria in the intestines is considered normal. These bacteria take part in the processes of processing, as well as the assimilation of food. Proper digestion and functioning of the intestine is evidenced by feces, consisting of small structureless particles, called detritus.

To study the microbial composition of feces, a tank analysis is performed. If the number of bacteria is increased, then a person has intestinal pathologies, abdominal pain of a different nature, pieces of undigested food appear in the feces. This study allows you to identify the causative agents of many ailments.

Classification of intestinal bacteria

However, upon detailed study, they are classified into the following groups:

1. Healthy bacteria: lacto- and bifidobacteria, eschecheria. These microorganisms activate the functioning of the intestines.
2. Conditionally pathogenic: enterococci, candida, clostridia, staphylococci. These microorganisms become pathogenic as a result of certain circumstances, and are capable of provoking the development of various pathologies.
3. Pathogenic: coli, klebsiella, proteus, salmonella, shingella, sarcins. This group of bacteria provokes the development of serious diseases.

There are various methods for examining feces. One of the most common methods is bakanalysis.

What is a fecal analysis tank?

Bacteriological examination of feces allows you to study its microbial composition, as well as determine the presence of pathogens of subsequent ailments:

• shigellosis;
• dysentery;
• salmonellosis;
• typhoid fever;
• cholera and other diseases.

A tank fecal analysis takes quite a long time. The study is carried out before the appointment of antibiotic therapy.

Indications for research

The main reasons to give a stool analysis should be highlighted:

Coprological studies allow to identify pathologies occurring in the intestinal cavity:

An analysis of the tank is also prescribed for diagnosing pathologies of the digestive organs.

How is a fecal analysis taken?

Before undergoing the study, the patient should undergo special training for several days.

• greens;
• beets;
• red fish;
• tomatoes.

In addition, the results of the study may be affected by meat products.

In preparation for the test, it is necessary to stop taking antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs and medicines containing enzymes and iron.

Collection of material for research should be carried out in the morning. To collect feces, use a sterile container, which can be purchased at a pharmacy. The duration of storage of biomaterial in the refrigerator is no more than 10 hours.

How is the research done?

Bacteriological examination of feces allows you to determine the physical and chemical composition of the material, its properties, the presence of pathologies. This study helps to detect bacteria in the body, changes in biobalance.

Supplement bakanaliza is scatological analysis of feces. This study allows you to assess the presence of a specific smell of feces, its consistency and density, general appearance, the presence or absence of microorganisms.

The study includes 2 stages:

1. macroscopic analysis.
2. Microscopic.

Microscopic examination reveals mucus, protein, elevated levels of bilirubin, blood clots, iodophilic flora in the feces. The latter is formed due to active substances that convert starch into glucose. Detection of iodophilic flora does not indicate infection in all cases. The accumulation of iodine bacteria caused by fermentation testifies to the development of the disease.

Since the children's body does not fight pathogens well, very often such bacteria are diagnosed in children's feces.

Today, the method of sowing the studied biomaterial in a special environment with certain conditions is used. Experts determine the ability of bacteria to multiply and form colonies. To obtain accurate results, all instruments used, as well as dishes with collected biomaterial, must be sterile.

Pathogenic microorganisms are being studied for sensitivity to various antibacterial drugs. The study is characterized by high accuracy of results, according to which the doctor can prescribe medication.

Only 10% of the total amount of the test material can be pathogenic microflora.

Deciphering the results

Examination of feces allows you to identify, as well as establish the number of any bacteria. Based on the results obtained, the doctor establishes a diagnosis and prescribes treatment.

Varieties of pathogenic microflora that can be found in feces:

1. Escherichia coli. They interfere with the body's absorption of calcium, as well as iron, and usually indicate the presence of worms.
2. Enterobacteria. Most often, these bacteria cause the development of dysentery and intestinal infections.
3. Escherichia coli, with reduced enzymatic activity, indicate the formation of dysbacteriosis.
4. lactose-negative bacteria. They cause disturbances in the digestive process and become the cause of flatulence, heartburn, rapid belching, and a feeling of heaviness.
5. Hemolytic bacteria. They form toxins that negatively affect the nervous system, as well as the intestines. They cause allergies.
6. Yeast-like fungi provoke the development of thrush.
7. Klebsiella, provokes the formation of gastroenterological pathologies.
8. Enterococci, provoke the occurrence of infectious pathologies of the genital organs, the excretory tract and the genitourinary system.

The decoding of the analysis tank is indicated on the forms, which also indicate the normal indicators of bacteria.

Intestinal dysbacteriosis is a very dangerous pathology that destroys healthy microflora. This condition leads to the development of dysentery and staphylococcus aureus. To avoid this, it is recommended to take a stool analysis to control the intestinal biobalance at least once a year.

Buck analysis is considered a reliable study that provides information about the functioning of its important internal organs: the intestines and stomach. The study allows you to timely identify pathogenic microorganisms that affect the normal microflora. It is prescribed for both adults and children.

General information

Bacteriological laboratories as independent structural units are organized at sanitary and epidemiological stations (SES), in infectious diseases hospitals, general hospitals, some specialized hospitals (for example, in tuberculosis, rheumatological, dermatovenerologic) and in polyclinics.

Bacteriological laboratories at SES examine for general bacterial contamination, as well as for infection with conditionally pathogenic and pathogenic microflora, environmental objects: air, water, soil, food; conduct a survey of organized groups and individuals for the carriage of pathogenic bacteria of the intestinal group, corynebacterium diphtheria, whooping cough, parapertussis, meningococcus. The work of the microbiological laboratory in conjunction with other departments of the SES has a specific task - to improve the environment and reduce the incidence of the population.

Bacteriological laboratories at medical institutions perform tests necessary to establish and clarify the diagnosis of an infectious disease, contributing to the correct choice of specific treatment and determining the timing of the patient's discharge from the infectious diseases hospital. The subject for research in bacteriological laboratories are:

• excretions from the human body: urine, feces, sputum, pus, as well as blood, cerebrospinal fluid and cadaveric material;
• environmental objects: water, air, soil, food, washouts from inventory items, hands, etc.

Bacteriological laboratory room and workplace equipment

The specificity of microbiological work requires that the room allocated for the laboratory be isolated from hospital wards, living rooms, and food blocks. The bacteriological laboratory includes: laboratory rooms for bacteriological research and utility rooms; autoclave or sterilization for disinfection of waste material and contaminated utensils; washing, equipped for washing dishes; sredovovarochnaya for preparation, bottling, sterilization and storage of culture media; vivarium for keeping experimental animals; material for storage of spare reagents, utensils, equipment and household equipment.

The listed utility rooms, as independent structural units, are part of large bacteriological laboratories. In small laboratories, the cooking and sterilization rooms are combined in one room; there is no special room for keeping experimental animals.

Under the laboratory rooms, in which all bacteriological research is carried out, the most light, spacious rooms are allocated. The walls in these rooms at a height of 170 cm from the floor are painted in light colors with oil paint. The floor is covered with relin or linoleum. This kind of finish allows you to use disinfectant solutions when cleaning the room.

Each room should have a sink with plumbing and a shelf for a bottle of disinfectant solution.

In one of the rooms, a glazed box with a pre-box is equipped to perform work in aseptic conditions. In boxing they put a table for crops, a stool, bactericidal lamps are mounted above the workplace. A cabinet for storing sterile material is placed in the pre-box. The laboratory room is equipped with laboratory-type tables, cabinets and shelves for storing equipment, utensils, paints, and reagents necessary for work.

The correct organization of the workplace of a doctor - bacteriologist and laboratory assistant is very important for work. Laboratory tables are installed near the windows. When placing them, you need to strive to ensure that the light falls in front or to the side of the worker, preferably on the left side, but in no case from behind. It is desirable that the rooms for analysis, especially for microscopy, have windows oriented to the north or northwest, since equal diffused light is needed for work. The illumination of the surface of the tables for work should be 500 lux. For the convenience of disinfection, the surface of laboratory tables is covered with plastic, and each workplace on it is covered with mirror glass.

Each laboratory employee is assigned a separate workplace with an area of ​​150 × 60 cm. All workplaces are equipped with items necessary for daily work.

Rules of work and behavior in the laboratory

A feature of bacteriological work is the constant contact of laboratory staff with infectious material, cultures of pathogenic microbes, infected animals, blood and secretions of the patient. Therefore, all employees of the bacteriological laboratory are required to comply with the following work rules, which ensure sterility in work and prevent the possibility of intralaboratory infections:

1. It is impossible to enter the premises of the bacteriological laboratory without special clothing - a dressing gown and a white cap or scarf.
2. Do not bring foreign objects into the laboratory.
3. It is forbidden to leave the laboratory in coats or to put an overcoat on a coat.
4. It is strictly forbidden to smoke, eat, store food in the premises of the bacteriological laboratory.
5. All material entering the laboratory should be considered as infected.
6. When unpacking the sent infectious material, care must be taken: the jars containing the material for research are wiped on the outside with a disinfectant solution upon receipt and placed not directly on the table, but on trays or in cuvettes.
7. The transfusion of liquids containing pathogenic microbes is carried out over a vessel filled with a disinfectant solution.
8. Cases of accidents with glassware containing infectious material or spillage of liquid infectious material must be immediately reported to the head of the laboratory or his deputy. Measures for the disinfection of parts of the body contaminated with pathogenic material of the dress, workplace items and surfaces are carried out immediately.
9. When studying infectious material and working with pathogenic cultures of microbes, it is necessary to strictly observe the technical methods generally accepted in bacteriological practice, which exclude the possibility of contact of hands with infectious material.
10. Infected material and unnecessary cultures must be destroyed, if possible on the same day. Tools used in work with infectious material are disinfected immediately after their use, as well as the surface of the workplace.
11. When performing bacteriological work, it is necessary to strictly monitor the cleanliness of hands: at the end of work with infectious material, they are disinfected. The workplace at the end of the day is put in order and thoroughly disinfected, and the infectious material and cultures of microbes necessary for further work are stored in a lockable refrigerator or safe.
12. Employees of a bacteriological laboratory are subject to mandatory vaccination against those infectious diseases, the causative agents of which can be found in the objects under study.

Laboratory room cleaning

The microbiological laboratory must be kept clean. Laboratory facilities should be cleaned regularly. It is very difficult and not always necessary to ensure the complete sterility of the laboratory, but it is possible to significantly reduce the number of microorganisms in the air and on various surfaces in laboratory rooms. This is achieved through the practical application of disinfection methods, that is, the destruction of pathogens of infectious diseases in environmental objects.

Floor, walls and furniture in the microbiological laboratory, they are vacuumed and wiped with various disinfectant solutions. Vacuuming ensures that objects are free of dust and a significant amount of microorganisms are removed from them. It has been established that with a 4-fold brushing of a vacuum cleaner over the surface of an object, approximately 47% of microorganisms are removed from it, and with 12-fold - up to 97%. Most often, a 2-3% solution of soda (sodium bicarbonate) or lysol (a phenol preparation with the addition of green soap), a 0.5-3% aqueous solution of chloramine, and some other disinfectants are used as disinfectant solutions.

Air in the laboratory, it is easiest to disinfect by ventilation. Prolonged ventilation of the room through the window (at least 30-60 minutes) leads to a sharp decrease in the number of microorganisms in the air, especially with a significant difference in temperature between the outside air and the air in the room. A more effective and most commonly used method of air disinfection is irradiation with UV rays with a wavelength of 200 to 400 nm. These rays have a high antimicrobial activity and can cause the death of not only vegetative cells, but also spores of microorganisms.

Literature

• "Microbiology with the technique of microbiological research" Labinskaya.

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A bacteriological laboratory is a scientific and practical institution that performs immunological and other microbiological studies. There are medical, veterinary and industrial bacteriological laboratories.

Medical bacteriological laboratories are organized at sanitary and epidemiological stations, etc. to conduct research in order to clarify diagnoses and sanitary and epidemiological control. At the bacteriological laboratory there are: a medium plant, a sink, a preparation room, a sterilization room, etc. The device and equipment of bacteriological laboratories must be adapted to perform research under sterile conditions, guaranteeing personnel from possible infection. The room of the bacteriological laboratory should be bright and spacious. It is necessary to exclude the possibility of drafts. A special place is reserved for staining preparations.

The mandatory equipment of the bacteriologist's workplace is a burner, a jar with a solution of carbolic acid for used pipettes, a closable vessel for, stands for test tubes and a bacterial loop, enameled cuvettes, tweezers, scissors, a scalpel, slides and coverslips. The bacteriological laboratory should have metal trays for Petri dishes, galvanized buckets or tanks for discarding used dishes. In addition to the usual laboratory glassware, bacteriological laboratories are supplied with special types of glassware: for growing on dense media, bacterial mattresses, etc. Rubber bulbs are also needed for sucking especially dangerous material into pipettes. Bacteriological should be cleanly washed, sterilized by heat treatment and closed with sterile cotton plugs. Do not use chemicals on dishes, as their trace amounts can affect the development of microbes. The most important for a bacteriological laboratory are devices for seeding microorganisms (bacterial loops, Pasteur pipettes, glass and platinum spatulas). To carry out crops under aseptic conditions, bacteriological laboratories are equipped with special glazed boxes equipped with ultraviolet lamps (see).

The bacteriological laboratory needs: a refrigerator for storage of sera and other biological substrates; microscope with illuminator; centrifuge; or a thermostatic room for growing bacteria; apparatus for shaking various mixtures; , dry-air sterilizer (Pasteur oven) for sterilization, dishes and electric sterilizers. Utility rooms for working with laboratory animals, for washing and drying dishes, for dispensing nutrient media, etc., must be suitably equipped.

When working in a bacteriological laboratory, especially with pathogenic microorganisms, the following rules must be observed.
1. All persons in the bacteriological laboratory must wear overalls.

2. Eating and smoking is prohibited in the room.

3. Each employee should use only his own workplace.

4. All operations must be carried out in compliance with the rules of sterility: all crops are carried out near the flame of the burner, the transfusion of infected liquids is carried out over a tray with a disinfectant solution, etc.

5. All inventory that has been in contact with infectious material is subject to sterilization or destruction.

6. All cultures, as well as infected animals, are recorded and registered in a journal using a special form.

A bacteriological laboratory is a scientific and practical institution that performs microbiological research. Clinical and diagnostic bacteriological laboratories at hospitals, depending on the profile of the latter, conduct the studies necessary to establish or clarify the diagnosis. Bacteriological laboratories at sanitary and epidemiological stations conduct preventive examinations of the population and sanitary and bacteriological examination of food products. Bacteriological laboratories that perform control functions are highly specialized, for example, at enterprises producing bacterial preparations. In addition to medical laboratories, there is a network of veterinary bacteriological laboratories that carry out diagnostic and preventive studies of animals, and specialized bacteriological laboratories that serve the needs of the food industry, agriculture, etc. Bacteriological laboratories at the relevant research institutes perform various research tasks.

The structure of a large bacteriological laboratory includes: the laboratory itself, the media plant, washing, preparatory, sterilization and vivarium. The room of the bacteriological laboratory should be bright and spacious. A bottle with a solution for hand disinfection is fixed above the washbasin. Work tables are covered with linoleum or glass. A gas or alcohol burner, a jar for used pipettes with a 3% solution of carbolic acid, a vessel for cotton wool, a bacterial loop, a set of bacterial standards, test tube racks, cuvettes, tweezers, scissors, a scalpel, slides and coverslips are placed on the table. The bacteriological laboratory should be equipped with tanks for discarding infected dishes. Usually, in a bacteriological laboratory, a special table is equipped for staining preparations.

Rice. 1. Petri dishes.

Rice. 2. Mattress for growing bacteria.

Rice. 3. Pasteur pipettes.

In a bacteriological laboratory, in addition to ordinary chemical glassware, special glassware is needed: glass Petri dishes (Fig. 1) for growing bacteria on solid media; bacterial mattresses (Fig. 2) to obtain large amounts of microbial mass; Roux-tubes with a constriction for growing bacteria on potato shoals; Wasserman test tubes 90 mm long and inner dia. 9 - 10 mm for setting RSK and agglutination reaction; precipitation tubes 90 mm long and dia. 3-5 mm; bacterial test tubes for growing bacteria on liquid and solid nutrient media; Pasteur pipettes (Fig. 3); Mohr pipettes for seeding infected liquid material; automatic pipettes or pipettes with pears, excluding suction of the material by mouth. Glassware used in a bacteriological laboratory should be leached in a 1-2% HCl solution and sterilized using high temperature. Inoculations on solid nutrient media are made using glass spatulas (Fig. 4) and a bacterial loop (Fig. 5). Grow bacteria in thermostats or thermostatic rooms.

Rice. 4. Glass spatulas.

Rice. 5. Bacterial loop.

A bacteriological laboratory engaged in the study of anaerobic bacteria must be equipped with anaerobics, vacuum pumps, which are also used for filtration and ultrafiltration. To maintain sterility when working with bacterial cultures, bacteriological laboratories are equipped with special glazed boxes. All nutrient media, bacterial cultures, serums are stored in a refrigerator.

Each bacteriological laboratory should have a centrifuge, a shaker (Fig. 6) and a microscope. For most studies, an MBI-1 microscope with an OI-7 illuminator and a phase contrast device is used.

Rice. 6. Apparatus for shaking (shuttel-apparatus).

The bacteriological laboratory should be equipped with sterilization equipment: autoclave, Koch apparatus, Pasteur oven, serum coagulation apparatus. For sterilization of liquid substrates use bacterial filters (see). Bacteriological laboratories should have devices for pouring media (Fig. 7), reagent kits for carrying out some chemical analyzes, as well as a Michaelis comparator or potentiometer to determine the pH of the medium.

Rice. 7. Device for pouring media.

Work with animals in bacteriological laboratory is carried out only in a vivarium (see).

While working in a bacteriological laboratory, the following rules must be observed: 1) everyone in the laboratory must wear overalls; 2) each employee must have a workplace; 3) it is prohibited to eat and smoke in the bacteriological laboratory; 4) when working with infectious material, tools should be used; instruments that have been in contact with infectious material must be sterilized; 5) when suctioning liquid material, it is recommended to use pears; all pipettes must be plugged with cotton; 6) the transfusion of infected fluids is performed over a vessel with a disinfectant solution; 7) work with infected material is carried out at the burner, burning the edges of the test tube, loops, spatulas, etc.; 8) dishes with infected material must be inscribed with the name of the culture, number and date; 9) if infectious material gets on the surrounding objects, disinfection is carried out - this place is poured with a disinfectant solution and burned with a swab with burning alcohol; 10) infected materials, dishes are registered, put into tanks and sterilized on the same day; 11) cultures are stored in agar columns in sealed tubes with labels; 12) registration of all cultures, as well as infected animals, is carried out in a journal in a special form.

Working with pathogens of infectious diseases requires that the laboratory premises be located in a separate building or be isolated from hospital wards, food blocks. Diagnostic laboratories should have two entrances: one for employees, the other for delivering material for research. It is allowed to receive material through the transfer window. The laboratory premises are divided into "infectious" and "clean" zones and are located in the course of the analysis.

The "clean" area of ​​the laboratory includes:

1. Room for outerwear.
2. Room for preparatory work (preparation room, washing room for preparation and bottling of nutrient media, etc.)
3. Sterilization.
4. A room with a refrigerator for storing culture media and diagnostic preparations.
5. Room for rest and eating.
6. Documentation room.
7. Utility rooms.
8. Toilet.

In the "infectious" zone are placed:

1. A room for receiving and registering material received for research.

3. Rooms for bacteriological research.

4.Rooms for serological studies.

5. Room for luminescent microscopy.

6. Room for zooentomological work.

7.Thermostatic room and autoclave.

Premises where work with living organisms is carried out are equipped with bactericidal lamps.

The task of the medical microbiological laboratory - diagnosis of infectious diseases. To do this, the pathogen is isolated and the body's immune response to the introduction of microorganisms (serological diagnostics) is determined. In addition, carry out the identification of carriers of pathogenic (pathogenic) microorganisms. There are laboratories in which virological studies are carried out. In special sanitary and bacteriological laboratories, studies are carried out in order to identify the degree of microbial contamination of the external environment and various objects.

laboratory room designed for microbiological research. It should be spacious and bright. The walls are painted with light oil paint, the floor is covered with linoleum, laboratory tables are covered with plastic or glass, which is convenient for wet cleaning and disinfection. The laboratory room is equipped with work tables for a doctor and a laboratory assistant, a place for staining preparations, a thermostat, a refrigerator, a centrifuge, a microscope, cabinets, a sink with hot and cold water supply, gas burners (in the absence of gas, they work with alcohol burners).

The number of laboratory rooms is determined by the volume of work of the laboratory. In large laboratories, separate rooms are allocated for working with various types of pathogens.

The desktop is installed by the window so that the light falls from the side or directly. A burner, bacteriological loops, jars with a disinfectant solution and cotton wool are placed on the table.

Before starting work, everything necessary for the study is placed on the table. The burner is installed at a distance equal to the forearm of the worker, that is, in a position that excludes unnecessary movements during work. The size of the flame in the burner and the correct glow are adjusted before starting work.

In a thermostat during routine research, the temperature should be 37°C. In large laboratories, a special thermal room can be equipped. Temperature is recorded daily.

Rice. 1 Dry oven

Some nutrient media, diagnostic preparations, blood, bile, etc. are kept in the refrigerator.

A centrifuge is used to separate solid particles from a liquid (for example, erythrocytes from serum).

Racks, dishes, dry nutrient media, reagents, etc. are kept in cabinets.

Near the sink there should be a container with a disinfectant solution for cleaning hands and a first aid kit with a set of items for first aid.

Boxing is a strictly isolated room for microbiological work in conditions requiring special sterility. Defertilization of air is carried out using bactericidal lamps. The supply of disinfected air of a certain temperature and humidity to the box through the supply and exhaust ventilation is the best way to ensure the necessary conditions for work. Usually two people work in boxing. They enter the box through the anteroom, in which they change clothes (robe, slippers, cap, mask) and go to the box through the second door.

In boxing, they don’t talk and avoid unnecessary movements.

The room for the preparation of culture media should be near the washing and sterilization room. This room should have a sink with hot and cold water, a distiller, a stove (gas or electric), cabinets or racks for storing dry nutrient media, chemicals, and sterile dishes.

washing- a room for washing and processing dishes, which should have a sink (with cold and hot water) and a stove. The washing room is equipped with tables, racks, equipped with dishes for washing dishes: detergents, ruffs, rags.

In the sterilization room there are devices for sterilizing clean dishes, nutrient media and decontaminating waste materials: autoclaves, a drying cabinet, etc.

If there is a separate preparation room, it is used for preparing, packing dishes and other ancillary work.

In the registry or part of the premises that replaces it, they receive and register the material received for the study, and issue the conclusions of the microbiological study.

Vivarium- a room for keeping experimental animals, available only in large laboratories.