Russian border along the Ural river. The Ural River on the map of Russia. Where it flows, where it is, source, characteristics. Monuments of nature in the Urals

Few rivers in modern history have changed their names. The Ural River was “lucky” in this regard. For a long time, this river was called Yaik, until in 1775, by decree of Catherine II, it was renamed. Interestingly, despite the renaming in Russian, the former name of the river is still preserved in Kazakhstan, as well as among the Bashkirs.

The toponym Yaik, as scientists have established, comes from the Turkic stem, meaning "overflowing, flooding." During the spring flood, the river overflows its banks and overflows widely (in some places several kilometers wide). The river was mentioned on the map of Ptolemy in the 2nd century AD, where it appeared under the name Daix. In Russian written sources, the first mention of Yaik dates back to 1140.

After the suppression of the Peasants' War and the execution of Yemelyan Pugachev in 1775, by decree of Catherine II, the Yaik River was renamed the Ural - after the name of the Ural Mountains. With this, the empress sought to erase everything that would remind of the war. In the decree on renaming the river, it is written about the reasons for the renaming: "for the complete oblivion of the unfortunate incident that followed on Yaik." It was in the Urals during the years of the Civil War that Vasily Chapaev, who became a man-legend, drowned. However, some historians doubt this and insist that Chapaev died in battle, and was buried somewhere on the river bank.

The length of the Ural River is not small - 2428 kilometers. Not surprisingly, this is the third longest river in Europe, second only to the Volga and Danube. It flows through the territory of the Republic of Bashkortostan, the Chelyabinsk and Orenburg regions and Kazakhstan. The source of the river is in the Uchalinsky district of Bashkortostan, in a swamp on the eastern slope of the Uraltau ridge, and the mouth is in the Caspian Sea. In the Orenburg region, the Ural is the largest river. The Orenburg region also accounts for most of the path of the waters of the Ural River to the Caspian Sea - 1164 kilometers.

A part of the river marks the border between Europe and Asia. There are many old women in the river valley. The coasts are mostly steep. The meandering course of the river often changes, as a result, it often turned out that the villages that stood on the river eventually ended up on the oxbow lake or even far from the water. There are several reservoirs on the river, the largest and most beautiful among them is Iriklinskoe.

In the past, the Ural was a large river, it was navigable. In particular, there was water transport from Orenburg to Uralsk. However, every year in the summer the river becomes shallower, it can be forded, and navigation is a thing of the past. The causes of shallowing are mainly rooted in the plowing of the steppes and the destruction of forest belts.

Scientists and public figures sounded the alarm. Plans began to be developed to save the river, restore its ecosystem and fill it with water, ecological expeditions are organized every summer. Hopefully the river will be saved. And although the Ural River has lost its navigable value, it is quite suitable for tourist rafting. Of course, it is not comparable in beauty with such rivers as the Chusovaya or the Ai, but even here you can have an interesting time and have a good rest.

In some places along the banks of the Urals you can find rocks. The Ural River is especially beautiful after Orsk. Here the river flows into the gorge along the Guberlinsky mountains, the length of this section is about 45 kilometers.

In the Urals, you can see such beautiful geological and landscape natural monuments as the Iriklinskoye Gorge, the Orsky Gates, the Poperechnaya and Mayachnaya mountains, the Nikolsky open pit and others. There is good fishing on the river. In the past, the Ural River was famous for sturgeons. In the late 1970s, the share of the Ural River in the world sturgeon production was 33 percent, and in the production of black caviar - 40 percent! .. Unfortunately, now the sturgeon population has decreased by more than 30 times.

The government of the Orenburg region is pinning its hopes on the development of water tourism on the Ural River. In particular, a water route for kayaks with a total length of 876 kilometers has been developed (523 km from Iriklinsky to Orenburg, 352 km from Orenburg to Ranniy). Rafting on this route is designed for 28 days. However, it is not necessary to raft, you can just come on the weekend to the banks of the Ural River, relax after a hard day and go fishing.

Ural river. Ural

The Ural River originates in the mountains of the Southern Urals. Its source is located on the Uraltau ridge at an altitude of 637 meters above sea level. It flows through the territory of Russia (through the territory of Bashkortostan, Chelyabinsk and Orenburg regions) and Kazakhstan from north to south, in the middle course - from east to west and flows into the Caspian Sea (-27 meters below sea level).

Length: 2428 kilometers. It is the third longest river in Europe, after the Volga and Danube.

Pool area: 231,000 square kilometers.

The mouth of the Urals is divided into several branches. The fall of the channel is 664 meters. The Upper Ural - up to the city of Verkhne-Uralsk it is a typical mountain river, up to the city of Magnitogorsk it already looks more like a flat river. Further downstream, from Magnitogorsk all the way to Orsk, the Ural flows through rocky terrain, and rifts are often encountered along the way. Only after the Sakmara River (one of the largest tributaries) flows into it, does it finally become a typically flat river. Here its channel is quite wide and winding. In the lower reaches, the valley widens and the river forms many channels and oxbows. The Ural is a fairly fast river. There are no reservoirs here either.

The regime of the river is characterized by uneven flow. The difference in the common source in a low-water year may be 10 races less than in a high-water year. For 10 months a year, the Ural is a relatively small river, but in spring it turns into a powerful and raging stream that spills its waters for many kilometers. In spring, the width of the river reaches 36 km. During the short time of the spring flood in the Urals, up to 96% of the total annual runoff passes.

Feeding method: mostly snow, the Urals receives very little from groundwater.

River tributaries: Sakmara and Ilek, Big Kizil, Tanalyk.

Fish: carp, bream, pike perch, kutum, dace, chub, ide, beluga, white salmon, rudd, asp, tench, podust, gudgeon, barbel, sturgeon, stellate sturgeon, bleak, silver bream, char, catfish, vobla, pike, roach, burbot, pike perch, perch, ruff, goby, bream, blue bream, crucian carp, taimen, brook trout, grayling.

Freezing: The Urals are covered with ice in November and released from ice captivity in late March and early April.

Few rivers in modern history have changed their names. The Ural River was “lucky” in this regard. For a long time, this river was called Yaik, until in 1775, by decree of Catherine II, it was renamed. Interestingly, despite the renaming in Russian, the former name of the river is still preserved in Kazakhstan, as well as among the Bashkirs.

The toponym Yaik, as scientists have established, comes from the Turkic stem, meaning "overflowing, flooding." During the spring flood, the river overflows its banks and overflows widely (in some places several kilometers wide).

The river was mentioned on the map of Ptolemy in the 2nd century AD, where it appeared under the name Daix. In Russian written sources, the first mention of Yaik dates back to 1140.

After the suppression of the Peasants' War and the execution of Emelyan Pugachev in 1775, by decree of Catherine II, the Yaik River was renamed the Ural - after the name of the Ural Mountains. With this, the empress sought to erase everything that would remind of the war. In the decree on renaming the river, it is written about the reasons for the renaming: "for the complete oblivion of the unfortunate incident that followed on Yaik."

It was in the Urals during the years of the Civil War that Vasily Chapaev, who became a man-legend, drowned. However, some historians doubt this and insist that Chapaev died in battle, and was buried somewhere on the river bank.

In the past, the Ural was a large river, it was navigable. In particular, there was water transport from Orenburg to Uralsk. However, every year in the summer the river becomes shallower, it can be forded, and navigation is a thing of the past. The causes of shallowing are mainly rooted in the plowing of the steppes and the destruction of forest belts.

Scientists and public figures sounded the alarm. Plans began to be developed to save the river, restore its ecosystem and fill it with water, ecological expeditions are organized every summer. Hopefully the river will be saved.

Initially, even before the reign of Catherine II, the Ural River was called Yaik. Translated from Turkic, it meant flooding - apparently, every spring it brought a lot of trouble to the surrounding nomadic tribes. However, in 1775 it was renamed by a special decree of the Empress. It is noteworthy that many Bashkirs and Kazakhs still call the Urals in the old way.

Length of the Ural River

The total length of this river is 2,428 thousand km. This is quite a lot - for example, the length of the most important Russian river, the Volga, is 3,530 km. By the way, after the Volga and the Danube, the river in question is the third longest in our country.

It flows through the territory of some Russian regions - for example, Chelyabinsk and Orenburg, and also crosses Bashkortostan. In addition to our country, it flows through the territory of Kazakhstan. Depending on where this river flows, it has a different appearance. An ordinary mountain river - this is what the Urals looks like from its source to the city of Verkhne-Uralsk, a flat river stretches all the way to Magnitogorsk. Further on its way there are rocks, which means that from Magnitogorsk to Orel we can meet many different rifts. Further - again a flat part, with many channels and oxbows.

(The Ural River in the evening, October. )

If we talk about the depth, then it is also different in different places: from half a meter in the upper reaches of the mountains, but on the plain and in the lower reaches it is deeper.

In winter, the Urals freezes, this usually happens in the middle or end of November, and the ice opens in March or April, depending on weather conditions.

Source of the Ural River

The source of the Ural River, its geographical beginning is located in the mountains of the same name, on the Uraltau ridge. In this place, which is located at an altitude of more than 600 m above sea level, lies the foot of the Nazhimtau mountain. It is noteworthy that people live there too - 12 km from this place is the village of Voznesenka, which geographically belongs to the Uchalinsky district of Bashkortostan.

Tributaries of the Ural River

The Ural has two very powerful tributaries - the Sakmara and Ilek rivers. In addition, another river, called Sakmara, flows into it.

Mouth of the Ural River

(Iriklinskoye reservoir from the waters of the Ural River)

Ural is a fast river. There are many reservoirs here. For most of the year, the Ural is a small river, but in spring, after the snow melts, the stream can be so powerful and violent that it will blow away everything in its path, and its waters overflow for many kilometers - the width of the river in some places can exceed 30 km. At the end of the path, the Urals carry its waters to the Caspian Sea, where it flows.

Cities of Russia on the Ural River

(Magnitogorsk is a city at the foot of Mount Magnitnaya, located on both sides of the banks of the Ural River)

The shores of the Urals are not as densely populated as, for example, the Volga. However, even there you can find large cities - for example, Magnitogorsk, Orsk or Orenburg. In addition, there are many large and small villages. Today, the Urals is not a navigable river - it lost this meaning a long time ago. But the route that attracts tourists is quite: on its banks there are the Iriklinskoye Gorge and Orsk Gates, several very beautiful mountains and mountain cuts. Tourists like to raft along it, and fishermen expect a good catch. Also, the Ural River is notable for the fact that one of its banks flows through the European part of Russia, and the other through the Asian.

Since ancient times, the rulers of states actively used what in ancient Rome was called damnatio memoriae - "the curse of memory." In ancient Egypt, the names of the pharaohs were chipped off the stelae, in Rome the statues of the objectionable were smashed, in Europe the names were crossed out from the chronicles. Russia is no exception. Throughout the history of the country, attempts have been made to erase someone or something from the people's memory.

Renaming Yaik to Ural

Emelyan Pugachev. 19th century je_nny/Livejournal.com

Previously, it was erroneously believed that this was the only lifetime portrait of Pugachev, made in the village of Ilek in 1773 over the portrait of Catherine II. Unfortunately, this beautiful story turned out to be a falsification. The painting was successfully exhibited at the State Historical Museum for a long time, but when the exhibit was sent for restoration in 2011, museum workers found out that Pugachev's portrait was a fake of the 19th century. As a result, the picture was hidden in the storerooms of the museum.

Damnatio memoriae was punished not only by historical characters, but also by geographical objects. This happened to the Yaik River The name of the river Yaik is Turkic. In the Bashkir and Kazakh languages, this word means "widely overflowing, expanding", which accurately characterized the river. And even after the renaming to the Urals, the Bashkirs and Kazakhs continue to call the river "Yaik" or "Zhaik"., on which an uprising broke out and spread throughout the country under the leadership of Emelyan Pugachev.

After the suppression of the uprising, the execution of its instigators and participants, the authorities began to eradicate any memories of the rebellion from the people's memory in order to avoid new unrest. In the decree of January 13, 1775, the reason was explicitly noted - for "complete oblivion."

The renaming affected all places associated with the uprising. The house in which the rebel was born was burned, and his native village Zimoveyskaya became Potemkinskaya. The Yaik River was renamed the Ural - after the mountains in which it originates. Accordingly, all the names associated with the river have undergone changes. The Yaik Cossack army became Ural, the Yaitsky town became Ural, and the Verkhne-Yaitskaya pier became Verkhneuralsky. Yes, and the rebellion itself at that time was preferred to be called the most harmless terms - "a well-known popular confusion" or "an unfortunate incident."

Lost Romanov - Ivan VI

Ivan VI Antonovich. 18th century Wikimedia Commons

In all official documents, Ivan VI was referred to as Ivan III, since it was customary to keep the account from the first Russian Tsar, Ivan the Terrible. However, later in historical science there was a tradition to call the baby king the Sixth, counting from Ivan Kalita.

Ivan (John) VI came from a branch of the Romanovs parallel to the heirs of Peter I - Brunswick - and was Peter's brother, Ivan V, a great-grandson. Ivan VI did not stay on the throne for long - a little more than a year, and it was not a reign: he became emperor as soon as he was born, and state affairs were first managed by the regent Biron, and then the sovereign's mother, Anna Leopoldovna.

During the reign of Ivan VI, two coup d'etat took place at once. As a result of the first, Biron was removed from the regency by the guards under the leadership of Minich, and then Elizaveta Petrovna overthrew the baby king himself. So the Russian throne returned to the heirs of Peter I.

It was assumed that the Romanovs of Brunswick, who were removed from power, would be expelled from the country, but Elizabeth Petrovna decided that it would be safer to imprison them, and to consign all the memory of the reign of Ivan VI to oblivion.

On December 31, 1741, by decree of the empress, the population was ordered to hand over all the coins on which the name of the little king was minted. At first, coins were accepted at face value, then the cost of exchange decreased, and in 1745 it became completely illegal to keep such money: it was equated with high treason. All documents bearing the name of Ivan VI should also have been replaced. Portraits of the overthrown tsar were burned, the odes of Lomonosov published in honor of Ivan VI, sermons with the name of the tsar were confiscated. The struggle with the name of Ivan Antonovich Romanov continued throughout the reign of Elizabeth Petrovna, and its echo sounded in the history of Russia for a long time: Ivan VI is not on the Romanovsky obelisk in the Alexander Garden, nor on the monument in honor of the tercentenary of the Romanov dynasty, nor on the famous Faberge egg "The tercentenary of the house Romanovs".

Forgotten songs about Catherine II

Catherine's complaints

Walked alone past the grove,
Alone, young
I was not afraid of anyone in the grove,
I am neither a thief nor a robber,
Not a sulfur wolf - a fierce beast.
I was afraid of my dear friend
Your legal husband.

In a green garden, in a semi-garden,
Not with princes, my friend,
neither with the boyars,
Not with the palace generals,
What walks my heart friend
With your beloved lady-in-waiting
With Lizaveta Vorontsova.
He leads by the right hand,
They think a strong little thought
Close your mind firmly.
What is wrong with their thought,
What do they want to cut down, ruin me,
That they want to marry me.

There were various rumors about Catherine II even before her enthronement. And if the aristocracy preferred to gossip about the queen on the sidelines and in a whisper, then the common people composed songs about the adventures and misadventures of the empress.

Of course, the authors and performers of frankly blasphemous songs were subjected to the most severe punishment, and the texts of these works were banned. But even couplets in which she was pitied could fall into disfavor with the queen. One of these works was the song "Catherine's Complaints", which told about her longing and sadness from the fact that her husband Peter III was walking through the grove with the maid of honor Elizaveta Vorontsova and was considering a plan to "cut down and ruin" Catherine.

At the request of Catherine, Chief Prosecutor Vyazemsky pointed out to Count Saltykov:

“Although this song does not deserve much respect ... but it would be pleasing to Her Imperial Majesty that it ... be consigned to oblivion, so, however, that it be kept in an inconspicuous way, so that no one would feel that this prohibition comes from a higher power” .

Despite this, the text of the song, contrary to the wishes of the queen, has been preserved and has come down to our days. What can not be said about more caustic and frankly blasphemous works.

Fight against monuments

Pyotr Stolypin. 1910 Wikimedia Commons

In 1917, after the February Revolution, the victors began to crack down on the legacy of the old regime, including monuments to prominent "tsarists" and defenders of the autocracy.

One of the most significant was the demolition of the monument to Stolypin in Kyiv. The dismantling of the monument, according to the tradition of that time, could not have passed routinely: a large rally gathered, which inflicted a “people's trial” on Stolypin, as a result of which it was decided to “hang” the monument - they dismantled it using a device similar to a gallows. The monument did not last long - from 1913 to 1917.

After the Bolsheviks came to power, the struggle against monuments continued, but not spontaneously. According to Lenin's plan for monumental propaganda, a special commission was created whose main task was to determine which monuments should be dismantled and which should be left. The monument to Alexander III was dismantled symbolically: first, the mantle was removed from the sovereign, then the head with the crown and hands with the scepter and orb. The entire dismantling process was documented on film, and then shown throughout the country.

The monuments were also removed on the initiative from below. So, the workers of the Moscow plant Goujon, renamed the Hammer and Sickle, expressed a desire to demolish the monument to General Skobelev. The new government supported the initiative.

Scissors - a tool of the proletariat

If earlier, in order to consign to oblivion, it was enough to destroy statues and erase the name of an objectionable character from the annals, then in the 20th century, with the advent of photography and cinema, it became somewhat more difficult to delete a person from history.

Pictures of that time were often retouched. Thus, the Menshevik Vladimir Bazarov and Yakov Sverdlov's older brother, Zinovy ​​Peshkov, were removed from photographs of the chess duel between Lenin and Bogdanov, which took place at Maxim Gorky's in Capri. The first turned into part of the column, and the second completely disappeared into the air.

Lenin plays chess with Alexander Bogdanov. Italy, island of Capri, 1908 In the photo on the left: Ivan Ladyzhnikov, Alexander Bogdanov, Vladimir Lenin are sitting; stand Vladimir Bazarov (Rudnev), Maxim Gorky, Zinovy ​​Peshkov, Natalya Malinovskaya. lenin-ulijanov.narod.ru; TASS

kinopoisk.ru

The fight against undesirable historical figures also affected the cinema. Director Mikhail Romm recut the film "Lenin in October", cutting out a number of scenes with Stalin. In 1963, he was completely removed from the film, reshooting some scenes as follows: the camera filmed a screen on which frames from the film were broadcast, and in the right place Stalin was covered by an actor or a table lamp.

The photograph of the meeting of the Council of People's Commissars in 1918 was treated even more rudely. There are thirty-three people's commissars in the original picture, but in one of the publications dedicated to the centenary of the birth of Lenin, only three of them remained next to Ilyich.

After the death of Lenin and the completion of the internal party struggle, Trotsky, Bukharin, Zinoviev and other enemies of Stalin began to disappear from photographs. What is worth only one famous photograph of Voroshilov, Molotov, Stalin and Yezhov on the banks of the Moscow-Volga Canal, taken in 1937. In 1938 Yezhov disappeared from the photograph, slightly disturbing its composition.

However, retouching was not always done gracefully and imperceptibly to an uninformed viewer. Sometimes they got by with a simple smearing of faces with ink.

And in 1954, a letter was sent to all owners of the Great Soviet Encyclopedia who received it by mail, in which it was recommended to cut out the portrait and pages that tell about Beria in it, “with scissors or a razor blade.” Instead, they should have pasted other articles that were attached to the letter.

The Urals is simply dotted with numerous and beautiful rivers with clear cold water and picturesque rocky shores, and the most interesting rapids and rifts make them extremely attractive for outdoor activities. Mysterious rocks, keeping many traditions and legends, are surrounded by endless taiga. Bones of unseen animals, precious stones, gold, unknown rock paintings have been found here more than once ... The waterways of the Urals are mysterious and attractive, we will talk about several of them.

Ural mountains

First of all, we should talk about these mysterious mountains. The Ural Range stretches for two and a half thousand kilometers, from the icy shores of the northernmost ocean to the hot semi-deserts of the Republic of Kazakhstan, being the watershed of many rivers of the eastern and western slopes, the real border of the worlds of Asia and Europe. The ridge also separates the Russian and West Siberian plains. Rivers and are very numerous and have their own interesting features. There are more than five thousand rivers here, belonging to the basins: the Kara Sea, the Barents Sea, the Caspian Sea.

An interesting feature of this region is a large number of artificial reservoirs - reservoirs, as well as ponds (more than three hundred with a total area of ​​​​about 4.2 thousand square kilometers). Together with numerous hydroelectric power stations, the bulk of artificial reservoirs are part of the hydrotechnical plant network of the Urals.

Natural and climatic features

The huge length of the mountain range creates extremely diverse natural and climatic conditions for the rivers and lakes of the Urals, which inevitably affects their features.

The climate of the region is continental, with cold snowy winters and warm summers. The northern part of the Urals experiences a strong climatic influence of the northern seas and the Arctic Ocean, while the middle part of the mountain range is in the zone of influence of the Atlantic (especially the western part, where the greatest amount of precipitation is recorded). The steppe and forest-steppe zones of the Ural Mountains are characterized by insufficient moisture, which directly affects the water abundance of the rivers flowing here, while the taiga and tundra zones, on the contrary, are characterized by excessive moisture.

in different parts of the Urals

In the Polar Urals, a small number of high-water rivers begin their run, such as the Khara - Matalou, Sob, Yelets and others.

Rapids, fast and large rivers of the Urals flow in the Northern and Subpolar parts of the mountains, such as the Pechora and its numerous tributaries (Shugor, Ilych, Kosyu, Podcherem, etc.). They replenish the Barents Sea with their waters. On the eastern slopes, the mountain rivers of the Northern Urals and the Arctic Circle are rocky, shallow, fast. They are rich in rapids and rifts. These rivers flow into the Malaya Ob, Northern Sosva and then carry their waters to the Kara Sea. The rivers in the north of the mountains are navigable for 5-6 months.

The Middle Urals, the Western Cis-Urals, the Eastern Trans-Urals - numerous rivers originate here. Here the streams that make up the water system of the Kama begin their run. It is the most powerful and full-flowing river in the region.

The rivers of the Southern Urals, like the Northern ones, have a very high flow rate. Their channels are characterized by a large number of rapids, rifts, waterfalls. The course of the rivers of the Middle Urals is much calmer and slower.

Features of rivers on different slopes of the ridge

The rivers of different slopes of the Ural Range also differ from each other. On the western slope, more precipitation falls due to the influence of the Atlantic, due to the western transport of air masses. Therefore, the rivers here are more full-flowing than on the eastern slope, where there is less moisture. Among the rivers of the western slopes, such large rivers of the Urals as Vishera, Belaya, Kama, Ufa, Sylva stand out. And on the eastern slopes, the largest are Sosva, Tavda, Iset, Lozva, Tura, Pyshma. The valleys of these rivers extend, as a rule, in the latitudinal direction. The Chusovaya River is unique, which, with its channel (the only one of all!) Captures both the western and eastern slopes of the mountain range.

Description Ural

The Ural River flows through Eastern Europe on the territory of the countries - Russia and Kazakhstan. This river carries its waters from Bashkiria to the Caspian Sea. Refers to the rivers of the Southern Urals. Length - 2428 kilometers. It ranks third in length in Europe after such waterways as the Volga and the Danube. Even the Dnieper is ahead in length. The Ural River originates at an altitude of 637 meters on the slopes of the Round Sopka (Uraltau Range) in Bashkortostan.

Then it flows along the edge of the Chelyabinsk region from north to south. It passes the cities of Verkhneuralsk and Magnitogorsk. At the same time, it receives the tributaries of the Gumbeika and B. Kizil. Encountering the plateau of the Kazakh steppe on its way, the Ural River abruptly changes its direction to the northwest. Further deviating to the west, then to the east, it reaches the Caspian Sea. The Ural River flows into the sea, breaking up into many branches.

The ancient name of the Ural

This river also has an ancient name. Until 1775, the Ural River was called Yaik. This name is official in Kazakhstan. In the Bashkir language, the river also has this name. It was first mentioned in the annals of the Russian people in 1140. It was renamed to Ural on January 15, 1775 by order of Catherine II. Then many geographical objects were renamed in order to erase the Pugachev uprising that flared from 73 to 75 from the memory of people.

Pechora River

It is one of the rivers of the Northern Urals. Its name means - a cave, is popular with fishermen and rafters. Its length is 1.809 thousand kilometers, the Pechora flows through the territory of two constituent entities of the Russian Federation - the Komi Republic and the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, has a total catchment area of ​​0.322 million square kilometers. It flows into the Barents Sea, the annual flow is approximately 0.13 million cubic kilometers of water. The Pechora has a huge number of tributaries, about 35 thousand. In the river basin Pechora has 60 thousand lakes! Its main food is snowy.

The largest tributary of the Pechora is the Usa River, 500 kilometers long. Other major tributaries of the Pechora include the Northern Mylva, Unya, Lemyu, Velyu, Kozhva, Izhma, Lyzha, Neritsa, Tsilma, Pizhma, Sula, Ilych, Borovaya, Podcherye, Mustache, Shugor, Laya, Sozva, Kuya, Ersa, Shapkina. The most interesting of them for tourism are Unya (great fishing) and Usa (excellent rafting).

The largest marinas are Ust-Tsilma, Naryan-Mar, Pechora.

Before the confluence of the river Unya, the Pechora has a typically mountainous character. Its shores in this area are formed by pebbles, there are many rapids, rocky ledges, and rifts in the channel. And in its middle and lower parts, the nature of the river changes to a flat one. The shores are clayey or sandy. The waters of the Pechora spill in breadth, reaching a width of two kilometers. In this part you can see the branches, channels, Pechora Islands.

The area of ​​the Pechora River is one of the hard-to-reach ones; the automobile network is extremely poorly developed here. For this reason, a lot of untouched natural corners have been preserved in the region, and one of the largest biosphere reserves in Russia has been organized between the tributary of the Pechora, the Ilych, and the Pechora itself.

Kara

Another of the most interesting rivers of the Ural Mountains is the one that flows in the Polar part of the ridge. Its length is 0.257 thousand kilometers with a basin area of ​​13.4 thousand square kilometers. The river flows through the regions of Russia: the Yamalo-Nenets Autonomous Okrug, the Nenets Autonomous Okrug, the Komi Republic.

It originates at the confluence of two rivers - Malaya and Bolshaya Kara. It flows parallel to the Pai-Khoi ridge. Throughout its length, the river flows mostly deserted and extremely picturesque places. Here you can observe several beautiful canyons, many rapids and waterfalls, the most famous of which, of course, is Buredan (9 kilometers below the confluence of the Nerusoveyyakha River).

The only one along the river. Kara settlement - pos. Ust-Kara - located near the mouth of the river. On its shores one can meet, perhaps, temporary dwellings of local peoples - plagues, and even then it is extremely rare.

Interestingly, the Kara Sea got its name from the Kara River, where in the eighteenth century one of the detachments of the so-called “Great Northern Expedition” under the leadership of S. Malygin and A. Skuratov got up for the winter.

Rafting on the rivers of the Urals

This is a very popular type of active rafting on the rivers: Ufa, Belaya, Ai, Chusovaya, Serge, Sosva, Yuryuzan, Rezh, Usva, Neiva. They can last from 1 day to a week. Rafting on the rivers of the Urals allows you to visit many sights without overcoming the distance on foot, but on a catamaran, trimaran or raft. Passing along the Serebryanka River, which then flows into the Chusovaya, water tourists repeat the path of Yermak. Also on Chusovaya its rocky shores are remarkable. The Belaya or Agidel river, which flows through the Republic of Bashkortostan, also attracts rafters. Combined hikes with visits to the caves are possible here. The Kapova Cave or Shulgan-Tash is widely known.

They raft along the Vishera, which is considered one of the most picturesque rivers in the Urals. It begins in the Vishera Reserve. It contains grayling, taimen, burbot, char, spike. The Pyshma River is notable for its rocks, on the river there is a resort "Kuryi" and the national park "Pripyshmenskiye Bory". The Kara River also has its interesting sights. This harsh northern river passes through several canyons and sometimes forms waterfalls, the largest is called Buredan. It is also very interesting for rafters. To the west of the river there is a meteorite crater with a diameter of 65 kilometers.