With what you can do inhalation with a nebulizer for a runny nose and nasal congestion in children: effective recipes. Inhalations for a runny nose Inhalations for a runny nose for children 2 years old

And inhalations with a nebulizer for a runny nose in children make it possible in many cases to avoid complications and hospitalization, especially when it comes to babies 1-3 years old, in whom even a cold can result in prolonged bronchitis and pneumonia.

Unlike conventional thermal or steam inhalations, the device sprays the medicinal substance in the form of tiny particles like a mist (nebula means mist, hence the name), due to which the drug penetrates deep into the foci of inflammation and reaches the lower respiratory tract.

There are several types of devices:

• compressor type- the drug is sprayed by breaking the solution into an aerosol cloud as a result of exposure to a high-power air jet;
• ultrasonic type– the drug solution is broken into ultra-fine particles using the emitter plate;
• mesh nebulizer - aerosol particles are formed when the drug solution passes through the installed membrane. A distinctive feature of this type of device from the previous ones is that the nebulizer does not make any noise during operation, and this is important when used to treat infants.

Some models of devices have the function of adjusting the size of the medicinal particles supplied by the inhaler - smaller or larger.

For the treatment of rhinitis and diseases of the oropharynx, the drug is delivered in large particles, while the smallest breaking of the drug solution is required to enter the lower respiratory tract. Read more about how to choose an inhaler -.

Procedure rules and contraindications

Before using a nebulizer for a runny nose in children, you should familiarize yourself with the rules, the observance of which will help to avoid negative reactions and health-threatening consequences:

• solutions for the procedure should only be freshly prepared - you can not leave the medicine in the device until the next time, as bacteria multiply in it, which the child will inhale;
• before each inhalation, the mask or mouthpiece should be rinsed with warm water or wiped with an antiseptic solution (for example, Chlorhexidine);
• if the device is used by several family members, then before each inhalation, a new portion of the solution or medicinal substance is poured in and the mask must be wiped with an antiseptic after each patient;
• the dosage of the medicine, the type of solution and the duration of treatment must be agreed with the attending physician;
• the duration of the procedure should not exceed 10 minutes, and for infants 5 minutes is enough;
• during the procedure, the child should remain in a sitting or reclining position, not talk, but breathe calmly through the nose;

To avoid damage to the device, the nebulizer should be connected to the network only after complete assembly and the presence of a medicinal solution in the tank.

Contraindications

In order for the treatment with a nebulizer to bring benefits to the child, and not harm, it is important to consider that the procedure, like any other, has a number of its contraindications, these include:

• nose bleed;
• a tendency to bronchial obstruction and severe allergic reactions - refers to the use of certain medicinal solutions;
• crying and anxiety of the child - if the patient perceives the noise of the nebulizer with hysteria, then in no case should the procedure be forcibly carried out, it is better to postpone inhalation until he calms down.

It is strictly forbidden to use oil solutions for procedures using a nebulizer - this leads to the deposition of oil particles in the small bronchi and contributes to the development of severe oil pneumonia, which in some cases leads to embolism (blockage) of blood vessels and death. For babies, it is best to carry out the procedure under the supervision of a doctor for the first time.

Solutions for inhalation

Inhalations with a runny nose with a nebulizer for children can be carried out 1-2 hours after eating, after the procedure it is also advisable not to eat or drink anything for half an hour.

For the treatment of rhinitis and inflammatory processes of the upper and lower respiratory tract, the following groups of drugs are used:

1. saline solutions;
2. alkaline;
3. antiseptics;
4. expectorants;
5. bronchodilators - drugs that relax the smooth muscles of the respiratory system and prevent the development of obstructive bronchitis;
6. antiallergic.

Sometimes hormonal drugs can be used to quickly relieve spasm of the airways and swelling of the tissues of the nasopharynx.

Alkaline and saline solutions

The most common, safe and frequently used in pediatric practice are inhalations with saline or isotonic sodium chloride solution 0.9%.

It can be used in its pure form for active moisturizing of the mucous membranes and thinning in the upper respiratory tract, as well as a base solution, to which other drugs are added in certain proportions as prescribed by a doctor.

Also, inhalations with saline can be used as a prophylactic during the season of colds and viral infections. After contact with a sick person, walking in crowded places and visiting crowded places, it is enough to carry out saline inhalation through a nebulizer to reduce the risk of developing SARS.

Herbal inhalations

Contrary to the opinion about the benefits of herbal decoctions for the treatment of colds, it is better not to use them for a nebulizer.

Since the nebulizer sprays the solution into small particles, they easily enter the bronchioles and lungs, which can lead to swelling or suffocation of the child in case of individual intolerance.

Inhalation for a nebulizer use 1 ml of the solution, after diluting it with 2 ml of saline (this is enough for 1 inhalation). Such a tool contributes to the effective outflow of pathological mucus from the sinuses, expectoration of viscous sputum and disinfection of the nasal cavity.

The solution can be used to treat complicated rhinitis in children from 2 years of age, subject to normal tolerance and always after consultation with a doctor.

Solutions with the use of drugs

The pediatrician will tell you the recipes for inhalation with a nebulizer for children, self-medication can be dangerous to health, especially since not all drugs can be used for this device.

With antibiotics

For the nebulizer, Fluimucil IT is most often prescribed. This is a bactericidal agent with a sputum thinning component, which is available in the form of a powder for suspension.

For one procedure, 2.5 ml of the drug already diluted with saline solution is sufficient. Fluimycin is not used to treat a runny nose caused by a viral infection, this drug is used only in case of rhinitis complicated by a secondary bacterial infection, adenoiditis, purulent tonsillitis.

The drug can be used only with the permission of a doctor and in a strictly individual dosage. An antiseptic in the form of a solution that can be used for nebulizers is Miramistin. This drug has a detrimental effect on viruses, bacteria and fungi, is used in its pure form and is allowed even for children of the first year of life.

With mucolytics

This group of drugs includes solutions that thin viscous sputum in the respiratory tract and improve the function of the cilia of the ciliated epithelium, which lines the bronchi from the inside.

Among the effective ones are Lazolvan, Mukolvan, Ambroxol in the form of a solution in 2 ml ampoules. For one inhalation, 1 ml of a solution diluted with 2 ml of physiological sodium chloride solution is sufficient.

Mucolytics are prescribed for children whose rhinitis is accompanied by inflammation of the upper respiratory tract with a dry cough and accumulation of viscous sputum in the bronchi.

With bronchodilators

Drugs that help relax smooth muscles and dilate the bronchi. These are indispensable medicines for children whose runny nose is always complicated by bronchitis with obstructive phenomena.

This group includes solutions Berodul, Berotek, Salbutamol, Ventolin. Bronchodilators are used only according to indications, if there is really a risk of developing bronchospasm, since the drugs have contraindications and side effects.

With hormonal drugs

Solutions of glucocorticosteroids by inhalation through a nebulizer are rarely used if the child suffers from bronchial asthma and the course of rhinitis can provoke an increase in attacks.

Also, hormonal drugs cannot be dispensed with if a runny nose occurs simultaneously with severe laryngitis or larygotracheobronchitis, as a result of which the child has laryngo or bronchospasm.

In pediatric practice, glucocorticosteroid solutions such as Pulmicort and Dexamethasone are used, as a rule, these are emergency drugs to relieve spasm in a child before the ambulance arrives, uncontrollably and often they cannot be used.

With Mast Cell Stabilizers

This group of drugs includes solutions that reduce the production of histamine (an activator of allergic reactions).

As a rule, solutions of this group are prescribed by inhalation through a nebulizer to children suffering from bronchial asthma or severe allergic rhinitis. These are solutions based on cromoglycic acid 1%, in 2 ml ampoules.

Drugs allowed for infants

For children of the first year of life, pure saline sodium chloride solution can be used as inhalations through a nebulizer to treat a runny nose and moisturize the mucous membranes.

Miramistin solution is suitable as a safe antiviral and bactericidal agent for infants. This will be enough for the treatment and prevention of colds, and the rest will be helped by breast milk rich in antibodies and normalization of indoor air humidity.

In other cases, all appointments are strictly individual and are determined by the doctor. Do not experiment with your child's health and do not self-medicate - this can lead to life-threatening consequences.

Inhalations – School of Dr. Komarovsky

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Content

When the nose is clogged, it becomes difficult for a person to breathe, there is a certain discomfort. If a runny nose takes you by surprise, it is advisable to resort to inhalation. This will not only quickly solve the main problem, but also prevent other possible consequences.

Why are inhalations needed for a runny nose?

This method of dealing with one of the main symptoms contributes to the rapid destruction of the bacteria that caused the pathology. It is recommended to resort to inhalations for nasal congestion, any infectious diseases: colds, rhinitis, sinusitis, inflammation of the upper respiratory tract, throat diseases, sinusitis. Inhalations are no less effective in prevention. Contraindications are: asthma, heart and respiratory failure.

With caution, procedures should be resorted to in cases where infants and infants under 1 year of age are being treated. It is very important when carrying out them to observe the mandatory rules:

• during the procedure, it is important to monitor breathing;
• with a runny nose, it is advisable to inhale the vapor only through the nose;
• inhalations should not be resorted to earlier than 1.5 hours after eating;
• during the preparation process, you can not add boiling water.

What drugs and means are better to use for inhalation in the treatment of the common cold? It is allowed to use herbs, essential oils, pinosol, other mineral medicinal compounds. The following remedies help to increase immunity, overcome infectious pathologies faster:

• interferon;
• regular potatoes;
• synupret;
• derinat;
• dioxidine;
• miramistin;
• rotokan;
• chlorophyllipt;
• cycloferon;
• alkaline sodium chloride.

What kind of nasal inhaler do you need?

When choosing a particular type of device, it is necessary to take into account some criteria:

• noise level during use;
• the age of the patient for whom the inhaler will be used;
• the presence of a mask and nozzles in the kit.

Ultrasonic nebulizer

This device is better suited for the treatment of rhinitis with colds, respiratory diseases. The essence of the work: drugs are sprayed into the larynx and nasal cavity by ultrasonic vibration. A nebulizer for children is most suitable, if desired, the device can be chosen in the form of a toy. Disadvantages: some antibacterial drugs lose their medicinal properties when using ultrasonic immobilizers for inhalation.

Compressor inhaler

The jet machine has the same operating parameters as the ultrasonic nebulizer. However, the weight and dimensions of the inhaler are much larger, which excludes the possibility of using the device in "marching" conditions. The disadvantages of the inhaler include the absence of children's nozzles in the basic configuration, which must be purchased separately. The compressor inhaler is not equipped with batteries, so it can only work from the mains.

Steam

Inhalation at home with a runny nose is most easily carried out using this device, which is a container filled with boiling water. If you carelessly handle the inhaler, you can get a mucosal burn. Often, the package of new devices includes nozzles that spray steam masses, and a special device that smoothly regulates both temperature and steam supply.

Herbs for inhalation with a cold

Chamomile, pine buds, eucalyptus leaves, yarrow, calendula flowers, St. John's wort are excellent antibacterial agents that can effectively deal with nasal congestion, which relieve inflammation, actively fight viruses. To prepare an inhalation solution for a nebulizer, steam or compressor apparatus from these herbs, they are pre-mixed, poured with boiling water and infused for 40 minutes. Chamomile inhalations are considered fast-acting.

Solutions for inhalers

Inhalation with a cold is done not only on the basis of herbal preparations. A guaranteed result is also provided by antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, immunostimulating drugs, directly a solution of furacilin, interferon in ampoules, Borjomi mineral water, propolis tincture, alcohol tincture of calendula, decasan, aquamaris. The funds have an antiseptic, antimicrobial effect, increase local immunity, and contribute to the removal of snot.

alkaline

This group includes a solution of baking soda or heated mineral water: Essentuki, Borjomi, Narzan. Baking soda is an excellent substitute for saline for inhalation - sodium chloride. Alkaline solutions significantly alleviate the condition of patients, effectively treat a runny nose, relieve inflammation of the nasopharyngeal mucosa. The permissible number of inhalations per day is 4. The duration of the procedures is from 5 to 8 minutes.

With essential oils

Solutions are made on the basis of mint, rosemary, lemon, eucalyptus, chamomile. Essential oils have a complex effect, do not give side effects, have a calming, anti-inflammatory, disinfectant effect. Permissible number of inhalations per day - 4. Dosage of essential oils:

• for children: up to 1 year - 1 drop, 1-5 years - from 2 to 3 drops, 5-14 years - from 3 to 5 drops per 15 m3;
• for adults - from 7 to 10 drops per 15 m3.

Salt

Inhalations with a runny nose with these solutions are effective for sinusitis, respiratory diseases. They are made on the basis of sodium chloride at a concentration of 2% and 0.9%. Guaranteed effect - clearing the nose of mucus and purulent secretions, creating an antibacterial environment, immunostimulating effect. Inhalations with a runny nose with saline solutions should be done 3 to 4 times a day.

With antibiotics

As the basis of such solutions, the drug Fluomycil-IT is used for inhalation, which effectively relieves congestion, removes inflammation, and has an antibacterial effect. The drug is sold in the form of a powder, which is diluted according to the instructions, taking into account the age of the patient. The frequency of procedures during the day is from 2 to 3. You should not abuse solutions with antibiotics for inhalation.

Recipes for inhalation from the common cold

If you decide to use an inhaler in order to eliminate nasal congestion, then you need to study the rules for using the device in advance and stock up on effective, safe recipes that will help prepare the solution for the procedure correctly. It should be remembered that inhalation products for children and adults are prepared differently. During pregnancy, a number of individual factors must be taken into account.

For kids

You can prepare an effective but safe solution for inhalation with nasal congestion for a child according to the following recipes:

1 recipe: to prepare the solution, you will need a 0.9% salt composition or Borjomi alkaline water. A slightly warmed composition is poured into the inhaler. The duration of the procedure is 5 minutes. When steam is inhaled, the baby's nose will be well cleaned of unwanted crusts that have grown on its inner surfaces. The solution will reduce the feeling of dryness in the nose and improve the flow of mucus.

2 recipe: to prepare the substance, you will need Ambrobene or Lazolvan for inhalation. They are mixed in a 1:1 ratio with saline. The duration of the use of inhalations with Lazolvan or Ambrobene is no more than 5 days. The dosage for children is as follows: up to 2 years - 1 ml of the composition, from 2 to 6 years - 2 ml of the composition, from 6 and older - 3 ml of the composition. The procedure is done twice a day.

During pregnancy

1 recipe: the solution for the procedure is prepared with "Borjomi" or saline. From weakly alkaline mineral water, it is necessary to first release the gas, then dilute it with boiled water in a ratio of 1:1. Inhalation should be carried out 1-2 times a day, the duration of the procedure should not exceed 7 minutes. To achieve high efficiency, it is best to use a nebulizer.

2 recipe: the necessary components for the solution: 1 teaspoon of salt, 3 drops of essential oil, 1 liter of boiled water. Water must be heated to 50 degrees, add essential oil, salt to it. Inhalation is done 2-3 times a day, the duration of the procedure should not exceed 5 minutes. Result: removal of mucus from the nose, improvement of the general condition.

Check out other recipes on how to cook.

Video: how and why to do inhalation for children with a cold

Attention! The information provided in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials of the article do not call for self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can make a diagnosis and give recommendations for treatment, based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.

A runny nose is a constant companion of a cold. Everyone knows him. There are several ways to treat it: medication, folk remedies and inhalations. The last procedures are more effective to carry out with a nebulizer. This ultrasonic device can quickly relieve breathing with a runny nose, and then completely get rid of it, which is why inhalations with a runny nose with a nebulizer are so popular, and recipes can be found in the article.

The benefits of the procedure for rhinitis in adults and children

Inhalations with such a device help to effectively, and most importantly, safely eliminate the symptoms of rhinitis without resorting to potent drugs. It can be effective at any stage of the common cold, but it is still better to use it from the first days. He will be able to:

• moisturize the nasal mucosa;
• make nasal discharge less viscous and thereby reduce their discharge;
• eliminate dryness and itching in the nasal passages;
• soften the crusts formed from dry air or sleep and help eliminate them;
• ensure the directed action of the drug on the entire surface of the nasal mucosa;
• reduce swelling and inflammation of the inner lining of the nose.

Rules to be followed when conducting inhalations:

1. the situation during the procedure should be calm so that the patient at the apparatus is not distracted by anything;
2. inhalation is carried out no earlier than one hour after a meal;
3. after using the nebulizer, you can not smoke, drink alcohol, rinse your mouth and drink mucus removers for an hour;
4. the aerosol must be inhaled deeply through the mouth, and then exhaled through the mouth after a few seconds;
5. for effective treatment, at least 8 inhalations must be completed. Each of them should last at least 10 minutes.

The use of a nebulizer is justified in case of viral diseases. Inhalations with it do not have a systemic interaction on the body, and this eliminates the formation of side effects. The device has a local effect on the common cold: it alleviates symptoms and reduces pathological processes. It works more efficiently than other devices due to the fact that the drug particles emerging from it have a finer structure, and therefore are more easily absorbed into the affected area of ​​the nose. But it is worth knowing that such an inhaler requires the use of certain solutions.

What to fill in the device for the treatment of the common cold

Before answering this question, first we will tell you which substances are strictly forbidden to use for it:

• Vasoconstrictor drugs. They can cause respiratory failure if they enter the bronchi;
• Herbal infusions and decoctions. Firstly, plant particles are clogged in various parts of the device and lead to its breakdown. Secondly, during vaporization, drops of herbal remedies, if they enter the lungs, can cause allergic reactions;
• Oils. They will ruin the nebulizer, and it will not be possible to restore it later. Also, their use can provoke pneumonia or lead to desolation of areas of the lungs.

The selection of medicinal solutions for the nebulizer cannot be carried out independently. It is necessary to visit a doctor, perhaps at a certain stage of the disease, he can prescribe potent drugs, such as antibiotics.

The specialist will also tell the recipe for preparing the solution, give clear proportions of the substances included in it. A wide range of pharmacy tinctures and solutions can be used for a nebulizer. Means intended for inhalation have a high degree of purification. Pharmaceutical companies even produce special formulations for such inhalers. They pre-fill them in certain volumes in compliance with the optimal proportions for certain diseases. Before using them, you should carefully read the instructions attached to them in order to avoid allergic reactions to the components included in them.

How to fill the nebulizer to breathe? Which one is more effective for a cold:

• alkaline and salt complexes (sodium chloride and its bicarbonate, saline or mineral water);
• immunostimulants (interferon or derinat);
• antibacterial and antiseptic agents (furatsilin, dioxidine, ceftriaxone, fluimucil or streptomycin);
• anti-inflammatory drugs (rotokan, eucalyptus, propolis or malavit);
• hormonal (cromohexal, dexamethasone or pulmicort).

Pregnant women can use such inhalations, but care should be taken when choosing a medicine for them. They should avoid the use of drugs with a strong odor, so as not to worsen their well-being.

The most suitable for them are:

• slightly alkaline mineral water;
• saline.

Read how to do inhalation with a dry cough with a nebulizer.

What to add to the inhaler: recipes

Salt and alkaline

For these purposes, its 0.9% salt composition is taken, and sometimes Borjomi water is used. For the effective operation of the active substance, the alkaline solution must be slightly warmed up (up to 30 degrees). When inhaled, these substances soften the crusts in the nasal canals and moisten the mucous membranes. Improves mucus flow and reduces dryness in the nose.

Often used and simple is the procedure for inhalation with saline solution for a cold.

Read how to use saline for inhalation for a nebulizer when coughing.

Immunostimulants

Among this group, interferon is especially popular. His recipe is not difficult. The contents of one ampoule of the drug is mixed with 3 ml of saline and all this is poured into the nebulizer. The duration of the procedure should be from 5 to 15 minutes. It is repeated twice a day.

Derinat is an antiviral drug. To carry out inhalation, you need to take 2 ml of the drug and dilute 2 ml of saline.

Antibiotics and antiseptics (is it possible to breathe/breathe)

Self-administration of antibacterial agents can worsen the situation: lower immunity and provoke the occurrence of fungal infections.

• Fluimucil- a two-component antibiotic. Consists of thiamphenicol and acetylcysteine. It effectively liquefies phlegm. It is especially good in the treatment of diseases that are accompanied not only by a runny nose, but also by a cough. Its solution is prepared as follows: the drug in the form of a dry powder is dissolved in 5 ml of 0.9% sodium chloride. The resulting composition is divided into two steps.
• Dioxidine- an antibacterial drug. It can be either 1% or 0.5%. If the latter option is chosen, then it is diluted with saline, keeping the ratio 1:2, and for a 1% solution it is 1:4. For one procedure, you can use no more than 4 ml of the resulting composition.

The active substance of the drug is quinoxaline.

• Ceftriaxone is a powerful antibiotic. It is diluted with water for injection. A 1 ml vial is taken and mixed with 5 ml of water for injection. Before use, it must be thoroughly mixed. The minimum duration of the procedure with it is 5 minutes.
• Furacillin- antiseptic. It is poured into the device for inhalation without preliminary dilution. A 0.02% solution is used in an amount of 4 ml. Twice a day. Read also in more detail about.
• Streptomycin- an antiseptic. 0.25 grams of the drug is diluted in 5 ml of sodium chloride.

Anti-inflammatory drugs for inhalation

• Rotokan consists of natural ingredients: chamomile, calendula and yarrow. The drug is diluted in saline at a ratio of 1:40. One dosage for the inhaler should contain 4 ml of the diluted composition. Inhalations with it are done three times a day.
• Propolis. It is diluted with saline 1:20. 1 ml of herbal remedy and 20 ml of physiological composition, respectively.

Propolis tincture is used for inhalation.

• Eucalyptus extract- Chlorophyllipt. It removes the viscosity of mucus, making it more fluid. Take 10 - 15 drops of the product and dissolve in 200 ml of saline. One inhalation is 3 ml of the prepared composition. It is repeated three times a day.
• Malavit- a biological supplement consisting of extracts of herbs and minerals. For inhalation, 1 ml of the drug is dissolved in 30 ml of saline. One dose is 3 ml. It is used three times a day.

Hormonal agents for the nebulizer

• Dexamethasone. Used in diluted form. You need to take a 0.4% solution for injection. At one time, 2 mg of the drug is taken, dissolved in 3 ml of saline and used up to 4 times a day. You can also use it in ampoules. Then its ratio with the additional substance will be 1:6. The tool is used for no more than a week.
• . It is used in its pure form. Only if the single dosage prescribed by the doctor is less than 2 ml, then it is brought to this amount by adding saline. Inhalations with it are done from 1 to 3 times a day. For one inhalation, adults, as well as children over 12 years old, use 1 mg. And for babies who have not yet reached this age, the dosage is prescribed in the amount of 0.25 mg.
• Cromohexal. The active substance is cromoglycic acid. The contents of the vial should not be diluted. Adults and children over two years of age are prescribed 1 vial four times a day.

Video

This video will tell you which solutions can be used for inhalation with a nebulizer.

There is no doubt about the effectiveness of inhalation with a nebulizer. It eliminates the common cold more effectively than other remedies. In addition, it is completely safe, there is nothing to add, therefore it is recommended for use even for babies up to a year old. The device stimulates the discharge of mucus, moisturizes the mucous membranes of the nasal passages and helps to quickly get rid of a runny nose for a long time. You may also be interested in information on how to do / breathe when.

Throughout life, a person suffers an incredible amount of colds, the constant companion of which is a runny nose. When it comes to adults, the treatment of the common cold is often not given much importance. The situation is different with respect to children, because each parent tries to cure his baby as quickly as possible, using the safest means. In recent years, a nebulizer has been popular among parents and pediatricians in the treatment of the common cold in children.

A nebulizer (inhaler) is a device that converts a drug into an aerosol, so that it enters parts of the respiratory tract that are inaccessible to conventional drugs.

The therapeutic effect of the drug used with the help of a nebulizer comes much faster. The device is safe and easy to use.

Compression

The most common type of nebulizer. These devices are also called jet or pneumatic. Atomization of liquid in such devices occurs due to compressed air or under the influence of high pressure.

A significant positive moment in the use of a compression inhaler is the ability to adjust the sprayed microparticles (from 0.5 to 10 microns). The cost of a compression inhaler is low compared to others.

Ultrasonic

The principle of operation of ultrasonic nebulizers is to convert liquid into an aerosol due to high-frequency vibration. The size of the microparticles that the device sprays does not exceed 5 microns.

Although the particles that the ultrasonic nebulizer sprays are small, they are able to get into the smallest branches of the respiratory tract.

Membrane

Mesh inhalers appeared on the market not so long ago and are an improved type of nebulizer that includes the qualities of the two previous devices. The transformation of the solution occurs due to the action of low-frequency vibrations that push the liquid through the electronic grid.

The device can work both from the socket, and from batteries that allows to carry out inhalations out of the house. Complete with a nebulizer of any kind, a face mask (for children and adults), mouthpieces and nasal nozzles are provided.

Instrument selection criteria

The choice of a nebulizer must be approached with all responsibility and it is advisable to consult with a specialist before buying. When choosing a nebulizer, you need to pay attention to the following criteria:

• Price. Opportunities do not always coincide with desires, so the price factor plays an important role. Of all types of inhalers, the compression nebulizer is the most affordable, and the membrane nebulizer is the most expensive.
• Compact and transportable. When the use of the device is planned only at home, this item should not be given special importance. Most compression machines are bulky and only run on mains power. If there is a need for inhalation outside the home, then preference should be given to membrane and ultrasonic devices, they are compact and can be powered by batteries.
• List of drugs approved for use. One of the significant disadvantages of the ultrasonic inhaler is the inability to use many drugs (antibiotics, mucolytics, hormonal). Under the action of ultrasound, the healing properties of these drugs are destroyed, and their spraying becomes useless. The best options for this criterion are compression and membrane nebulizers, in which it is possible to use any drugs.
• Equipment, the presence in the kit of all necessary nozzles. With regard to this criterion, then, ultrasonic inhalers are significantly inferior to their relatives, since additional accessories must be purchased for them.
• Nebulizer chamber type. There are two types of chambers: breath-activated and convection. The latter provide a continuous supply of aerosol, which results in the spraying of a large amount of drug into the air. Inhalation-activated chambers save the drug: the aerosol is sprayed directly during the patient's inhalation, and when the patient exhales, the drug supply is suspended.

Solutions for inhalation for coughing

Nebulizers are traditionally used to treat,. To prepare a solution for inhalation, in addition to the drug itself, saline is used.

A nebulizer for the treatment of cough in children involves the use of the following drugs:

• Mucolytics. During illness, sputum is formed in the respiratory tract, which causes a painful cough in the patient, disrupts the blood supply to the lungs, and contributes to the progression of the inflammatory process. A large amount of mucus clogs the lumen of the bronchioles and leads to oxygen starvation. Mucolytics dilute sputum and promote its excretion from the body. For the preparation of solutions, such popular drugs as Lazolvan, Ambroxol, Mukolvan and others are used.
• Bronchodilators. Inhalations with solutions that dilate the bronchi are actively used in bronchial asthma. The procedure relieves asthma attacks well, since the principle of operation of such drugs is aimed at activating receptors that expand the lumen of the bronchi. For inhalation, drugs are used that include salbutamol and fenoterol (for example, Berodual).
• Glucocorticosteroids. Used in the treatment of chronic pathological processes in the lungs. When using hormonal agents, the swelling of the walls of the bronchi decreases, and resistance to allergens increases. A popular drug from this group is Pulmicort.
• Antibiotics. The action of the solution is aimed at the speedy destruction of pathogenic flora. Fluimucil is widely used. The drug actively affects the staphylococcal, streptococcal and pneumococcal flora.
• Antiallergic. Used to prevent allergic bronchospasm (Kromoheksal).

Are nebulizer inhalations effective in treating the common cold in children?

Until a few years ago, nebulizers were only used to treat obstructive bronchitis, asthma, and pneumonia. Today, inhalations using a nebulizer are part of the complex treatment of rhinitis, sinusitis, sinusitis and other diseases of the respiratory system.

An indispensable device for families with small children who often suffer from colds.

The ability to adjust the size of sprayed particles allows you to direct the action of the drug to the desired area of ​​the respiratory tract. The nebulizer for a runny nose in children is set to spray with large particles.

Thus, the drug remains in the nasal cavity and does not move into other parts of the respiratory tract. In the treatment of bronchitis, the size of the particles is significantly reduced. Thus, the drug is safely delivered to the required site and does not spread to the entire circulatory system, which is especially important in the treatment of children.

With regard to the treatment of the common cold with the help of inhalations, there is no unequivocal opinion. Most experts argue that the nebulizer is useless in the treatment of rhinitis. Another thing, if we are talking about a respiratory disease, accompanied by a runny nose.

However, it is indisputable that inhalations with a cold:

• moisturize the nasal mucosa;
• ensure uniform penetration of the drug into the nasal cavity;
• do not cause negative consequences;
• eliminate the discomfort that accompanies rhinitis;
• contribute to the cleansing of the nasal cavity from mucus.

Before applying this or that solution, it is necessary to consult with an otolaryngologist.

Solutions for inhalation with a nebulizer for a cold

To treat a runny nose in children with a nebulizer, the following remedies are used:

• Sodium chloride(saline). It is used to cleanse the nasal cavity from accumulated mucus. Sodium chloride is harmless and is used in its pure form.
• Borjomi. It has mucolytic properties and promotes the speedy removal of mucus from the nose. The procedure can be carried out up to 4 times a day for a week.
• Alcoholic solution of chlorophyllipt. It is used for inhalation if pathogenic bacteria have become the cause of the common cold. A 1% solution of chlorophyllipt is diluted with saline in a ratio of 1:10. For one procedure, 3 ml of the prepared solution is enough.
• Sinupret. A popular homeopathic remedy used in the treatment of rhinitis. Diluted with saline in a ratio of 1:3. Inhalations are carried out 3 times a day for a week.
• Interferon. The use of interferon is aimed at activating the body's defenses and speedy recovery. Preparation: 1 ml of interferon is dissolved in 3 ml of saline, the procedure is carried out 2 times a day.

How to carry out inhalation for children?

Before using the nebulizer, parents need to familiarize themselves with some rules for the safe use of the device.

Runny nose is a common symptom of many viral and bacterial diseases. It can be quite painful, continue even after treatment, become chronic and lead to various complications.

Accompanied by frequent sneezing, swelling of the mucous membrane, abundant secretion of mucus from the nose, disrupts taste perception and worsens the quality of life. People try to quickly get rid of a runny nose and swelling, using various means for this, including medicines, folk recipes and inhalations.

Nebulizer: what kind of device is it, varieties

is a device for cold inhalation. It converts a liquid (usually a saline solution with a drug dissolved in it) into a cold vapor that penetrates deep into the bronchi. The nebulizer was originally created specifically for the treatment of the lower respiratory tract. Small vapor particles penetrate immediately into the respiratory tract, without settling on the throat and nasal mucosa, therefore it is believed that this method is not the most effective in treatment. However, if you choose the right drug, the size of the vapor particles and the type of nebulizer, then the effect will be noticeable.

Medications for a nebulizer with a runny nose are selected individually, taking into account the diagnosis and severity of the disease. Even ordinary saline and mineral water can be used as a medicine, but the only effect that can be achieved in this way is the cleansing and moisturizing of the mucosa.

There are several types of nebulizers:

1. Compression. The simplest and most reliable type of nebulizer. With the help of a compressor, a jet of air turns the liquid into vapor and delivers it to a special mask. It is very easy to use these devices. They allow the use of a wide variety of drugs, excluding oil-based drugs. For the price, these nebulizers are the most affordable. However, it is worth noting their relatively large weight and size, as well as a high level of noise, which often frightens children. During inhalation, the mask with the medicine container must be held vertically, which makes it difficult to treat bedridden patients or newborns. For the treatment of rhinitis, this device is the most suitable.
2. Ultrasonic. The ultrasonic nebulizer creates too small particles that practically do not settle on the nasal mucosa, but completely pass into the lungs. These devices are silent and convenient, but the list of possible drugs for inhalation is very limited. For example, antibiotics cannot be sprayed in this way, since the active substances are destroyed under the influence of ultrasound.
3. Mesh nebulizers. Universal, ultra-compact, convenient nebulizers that do not make noise and are suitable for any drug, but have a rather high price and therefore are not available to everyone.

Inhalation with a cold: indications and benefits

The nebulizer has many proven benefits. Unlike sprays and aerosols, nebulizer vapors are distributed evenly over the mucosa and, when inhaled, immediately enter the lower respiratory tract.

If an ordinary spray has a rather narrow purpose, then inhalation is always complex. Since any drug dissolves in, when inhaled, the nasal mucosa is moistened, which helps to eliminate crusts that appear after use. The same drops can cause irritation of the mucous membrane, dryness and itching. All these consequences are easily eliminated by several inhalations.

In some diseases, the mucus in the nose is very thick and plentiful, it is difficult to blow it out, especially for children. The moisturizing vapors of the nebulizer thin the mucus and make it easier to expel. This is important because the accumulation of mucus contributes to the further spread of the inflammatory process.

If inhalation is carried out without the use of strong drugs, hormones, antibiotics, no side effects and allergic reactions, as a rule, occur. The device operates gently and safely.

Inhalations can be prescribed both for diseases of the nose and for infections of the upper and lower respiratory tract, accompanied by cough and runny nose.

Indications for the use of a nebulizer:

• . With inflammation of the maxillary sinuses, sprays are ineffective. They spray the drug unevenly over the mucous membrane, but the action reaches the maxillary sinuses weakly. The nebulizer produces small particles of steam, which, when inhaled through the nose, first enter the maxillary sinuses, and then into the respiratory tract. The impact on the sinus mucosa is stronger and more obvious.
• . Treatment for rhinitis often depends on its cause. The use of a nebulizer allows you to remove swelling and inflammation from the nasal mucosa and avoid complications in the form of sinusitis.
• . With this disease, the frontal sinuses become inflamed. Any drugs reach this area with great difficulty. Inhalations are considered the most effective treatment option for frontal sinusitis.
• SARS. With an acute viral infection, the symptoms are usually varied: fever, snot, swelling. Inhalation allows you to alleviate the whole complex of symptoms, excluding fever. Temperatures are not recommended.

Medicines for children and adults: an overview of the best

Any drug must be prescribed by the attending physician. Both the drug itself and the dosage depend on the diagnosis. You can not prescribe yourself a treatment and change the dosage. It must be remembered that only those preparations that were specially made for this purpose are suitable for a nebulizer. It is impossible to dissolve ordinary tablets and use them for inhalation. This can harm the patient and break the device.

Particular care should be taken when choosing a drug for the treatment of children. Some of them may cause an allergic reaction or other side effects:

• . This drug is immediately available in a suspension for a nebulizer. As a rule, it is recommended for asthma or severe respiratory allergies. Pulmicort relieves inflammation, swelling, has a pronounced antihistamine effect. Since allergies are often accompanied by a runny nose, Pulmicort effectively eliminates allergic rhinitis.
• Atrovent. Bronchodilator, sold as a solution for inhalation. It is also prescribed for asthma, bronchitis, obstructive pulmonary disease. Its impact on the nasal mucosa is not so obvious, but it eliminates swelling.
• . This drug is a mucolytic. It helps with dry cough and stagnation of sputum. If the mucus in the nose is quite thick, Fluimucil contributes to its thinning and rapid removal.
• Interferon. Very effective immunomodulator. Sold in the form of powder ampoules. The powder dissolves in water and is stored for no more than a day. For inhalation, interferon is suitable for everyone and has no contraindications. It enhances local immunity and has an antiviral effect.
• . Also an effective immunomodulatory agent. The drug is released in the form of drops, but they are also suitable for a nebulizer. Its action is directed not only to viruses, but also to bacteria, fungi. At the same time, Derinat does not depress its own immunity, but helps to restore the nasal mucosa.

Rules for the preparation of the solution and inhalation

Important! At elevated body temperature, inhalation is prohibited

For a drug to be effective, it must be used correctly. An incorrectly chosen dosage or incorrectly performed inhalation not only reduces the effectiveness of the drug, but can also adversely affect the patient's condition.

There are certain rules for using a nebulizer that will help you avoid mistakes in its use:

1. Before preparing the solution, you need to prepare the device itself for use. It must be assembled according to the instructions, attach the medicine container, prepare the mask and pre-treat it with alcohol.
2. Any drug is diluted with saline according to the instructions. Do not use pure preparations, as they cause side effects. The liquid solution can be poured into the container first, drops are added after a certain amount of saline has been poured into the container.
3. The younger the child, the more the drug is diluted. You can not independently increase the dosage of the active drug. This not only does not enhance the therapeutic effect, but can also lead to complications.
4. Alcohol infusions for a nebulizer are more diluted than other drugs. The ratio of the drug and saline is usually 1:40 or 1:20.
5. All inhalations are carried out in courses, the duration of which is determined by the doctor. A one-time inhalation will not give the expected effect. Usually the course lasts 5-10 days, depending on the drug used and the severity of the patient's condition.
6. Inhalations are carried out 1-3 times a day one hour after or one hour before meals. Before starting inhalation, it is necessary to measure the patient's temperature. If it is higher than 37.5, inhalation will have to be postponed.
7. Before and after the procedure, you can not smoke, eat, drink for an hour, and preferably for some time after inhalation, give the vocal cords a rest.

During inhalation, the patient should be in a comfortable position and tightly press the mask to the face. One inhalation lasts 5-7 minutes. If discomfort occurs during the procedure, inhalation should be interrupted.

Inhalations using only saline or mineral water have practically no contraindications. If other drugs are added to the nebulizer, you need to read the instructions for them and study the contraindications for each specific medication. Despite the safety of the procedures, there are certain contraindications.

Before prescribing treatment, the doctor will warn about possible side effects and existing contraindications:

• Heat. The presence of high temperature is a common contraindication for all types of inhalation. During exposure to steam, blood vessels expand, blood circulation increases, so the temperature can rise even more.
• Bleeding. When bleeding from the nose or throat, inhalation is strictly prohibited. Steam does not stop bleeding, it will only increase it by expanding the lumen of blood vessels. It is also possible to get an infection in the blood.
• Disease of the cardiovascular system. For any diseases of the heart and blood vessels, inhalations should be treated with great care. Hot steam inhalations are completely prohibited, cold steam is prescribed only if necessary. Absolute contraindications are heart attack and stroke.
• Hypertension. People with high blood pressure should not use a nebulizer. If there is a need for inhalations, each time before and after the procedure, the pressure is measured with a tonometer.
• Individual intolerance. There is intolerance to both certain drugs and nebulizer therapy in general. In some cases, inhalations cause an irritating effect, provoke with any medications used. In this case, the doctor will select a different form of treatment.

More information about the rules for using a nebulizer can be found in the video:

Miramistin for throat: instructions for use and reviews

Any contraindications should be reported to the doctor. In the presence of an allergic reaction, it is not necessary to completely abandon inhalations. The doctor may advise you to simply change the drug.