Nicotinic acid: benefits and harms. What is nicotinic acid for? How useful is nicotinic acid for the body? Preparations, indications for use, reviews

(niacin, vitamin PP) was obtained artificially back in 1867.

After a detailed study and identification of useful properties, this substance has gained great popularity in medicine as a remedy for the treatment of various diseases.

Why does the body need nicotinic acid?

Under the influence of vitamin PP, many biochemical processes take place in the human body, among which are:

• amino acid metabolism;
• lipid metabolism;
• purine metabolism;
• breakdown of glycogen to glucose;
• biosynthesis of nutrients.

Without his participation, not a single redox process takes place. This vitamin contributes to the normalization of the digestive tract, nervous system and cardiovascular system. It speeds up the movement of food through the intestines, stimulates the formation of gastric juice and improves liver function.

With the help of niacin, the amount of cholesterol in tissues is regulated and stable. Vitamin PP is of great importance in the synthesis of hemoglobin.

What are the signs of a lack of nicotinic acid and how are they diagnosed?

Excess, as well as lack of niacin, can lead to various health problems. The daily need for it directly depends on the age of the person. A child at the age of 6 months is enough to receive 6 mg of this vitamin per day, and an adult needs 20 mg per day. During serious physical or nervous stress, during lactation and pregnancy, the daily rate increases to 25 mg.

If a a nicotinic acid enters the body in insufficient quantities, then over time the following signs of its deficiency appear:

• appetite problems;
• heartburn;
• nausea;
• disruption of the gastrointestinal tract;
• muscle weakness;
• fast fatiguability;

In addition, depression, hallucinations appear, maybe. With a lack of this substance, the skin becomes too pale and dry, cracks, ulcers, and dermatitis appear on them. Due to the lack of niacin, immunity is weakened, it decreases, and pain in the limbs can disturb.

What diseases are treated with nicotinic acid?

Means with vitamin PP help in the treatment of many diseases. Against the background of their use in humans, metabolic processes, lipid and carbohydrate metabolism improve, toxic substances are removed from the body faster.

Preparations containing niacin are prescribed for therapeutic purposes in such diseases:

• pellagra;
• the initial stage of diabetes;
• enterocolitis;
• heart pathology;
• hepatitis.

The course of this vitamin can be prescribed for malignant tumors, tinnitus, atherosclerosis. With a preventive purpose, vitamin PP is used for memory, accelerating the process of splitting fats. It can be administered intravenously, intramuscularly or subcutaneously and taken orally.

In what form is it produced, and in what dosage should children and adults take it?

Vitamin PP is available in the form of solutions and tablets. This medicinal substance must be taken as prescribed and under the close supervision of the attending physician. Self-administration of vitamin preparations or exceeding the permissible dosage entails negative consequences for the whole organism and causes irreparable damage to health.

Tablets containing vitamin PP, for prophylactic purposes, should be drunk after meals at 0.015-0.025 g for adults and 0.005-0.02 g for children. During the treatment of pellagra, adults are prescribed 0.1 g of the vitamin up to 4 times a day, and children 0.005-0.05 g up to 3 times a day. You can also enter parenterally 1% acid solution 1 ml 1-2 times a day for 10-15 days. For the treatment of other diseases, vitamin PP is prescribed for adults in the amount of 0.02-0.05 g and for children 0.005-0.05 g 2-3 times a day. Intravenously, this substance is administered slowly in the form of a 1% solution for ischemic stroke and insufficient supply of oxygen to the brain tissues.

What foods contain nicotinic acid?

This water-soluble vitamin is found in many foods, so it's a good idea to make sure you include some of them in your diet. Niacin sources can be divided into animal and plant sources.

Animal sources include:

• chicken's meat;
• turkey;
• goose;
• beef;
• rabbit;
• dairy;
• eggs;
• fish;
• squid.

This substance is found in high concentrations in pork offal (29.8 mg per 100 g), and slightly less in beef liver (22.7 mg per 100 g of product).

Plant sources of vitamin PP include:

• parsley;
• sorrel;
• mushrooms;
• wild rice;
• buckwheat;
• wheat;
• oats;
• peanut;
• pistachios.

In addition, niacin is found in some herbs: chamomile, clover, nettle, sage, mint. It is present in a small amount of dates, beans, broccoli, corn, carrots, sunflower seeds and rose hips.

What drugs contain nicotinic acid?

In addition to natural sources of niacin, there are also special supplements and complexes that allow you to replenish the missing amount of this vitamin in the body:

• MenoFix - a complex of beauty and women's health;
• Astrum-Mammi Complex - vitamins for pregnant and lactating women;
• Complex AstrumVit - a complex that compensates for the lack of essential vitamins and trace elements in the body;
• Diet support - a fat-burning complex with natural ingredients;
• Transfer Factor Cardio - a complex to support the activity of the cardiovascular system.

• nikoverin - combined tablets for the treatment of spastic colitis, angina pectoris, bronchospasm and renal colic;
• enduracin - tablets of prolonged action for the treatment of hypovitaminosis, malabsorption and pellagra.

How does nicotinic acid affect hair? In what cases does it help?

Vitamin PP helps to improve blood microcirculation in the scalp, thereby improving the nutrition of hair follicles. As a result, the hair stops falling out and grows more intensively, acquiring an attractive appearance and natural shine, brittleness and dryness disappear, split ends stop appearing.

At home, they make this water-soluble vitamin, add it to shampoos and scrubs. For this purpose, acid ampoules are usually used, which are applied to the hair immediately after opening. To enhance the therapeutic effect, it is recommended to add other ingredients to this substance: vitamin E, aloe juice, herbal decoction and propolis tincture.

You can independently prepare a useful and uncomplicated mask based on the following components: an ampoule of vitamin PP, a capsule, a couple of tablespoons of linseed oil, a tablespoon of Eleutherococcus tincture. All these substances are thoroughly mixed and applied to clean and dry hair for one hour, and then washed off with warm running water.

After applying niacin, the hair does not dry out and does not acquire any unpleasant odor. In people with oily hair, the production of subcutaneous fat decreases and the oily sheen disappears.

VIDEO TRICHOLOGIST about nicotinic acid. Vitamin PP or B3

Nicotinic acid and pregnancy

Despite the complex therapeutic effect, vitamin PP preparations are not recommended for use during a normal pregnancy. The main indication for the use of this medicinal substance is:

• pathology of the liver and biliary tract during the period of gestation;
• dysfunction of the placenta;

Under the action of this acid, vasospasm is eliminated, blood viscosity decreases and the formation of blood clots is prevented. As a result, the threat of premature birth and fetal death disappears.

Lack of niacin during pregnancy leads to hair loss and mental imbalance. As a result, a woman becomes overly irritable and prone to depression. She may also have problems with digestion of food: there is a disorder of the stool and the absorption of nutrients by the intestines is disturbed.

Is it possible to lose weight with nicotinic acid: myth or reality?

Many women are interested in the question of whether it helps a nicotinic acid lose weight, and how to take it for this. It is known that this substance takes part in the oxidation of carbohydrates and fats, and its lack often leads to excessive consumption of flour and confectionery products. As a result, extra pounds and health problems appear. Therefore, in certain cases, taking this substance can help eliminate extra pounds and improve overall well-being.

The therapeutic effect is explained by the active assistance of vitamin PP to the breakdown of lipids and the regulation of metabolism. This substance helps to balance the cholesterol balance, activate the digestive tract and remove toxins. Many diets cause depression and increased cravings for sweets, but niacin, in sufficient quantities, supports the formation of serotonin in the brain, which can improve mood and prevent depression and overeating.

Indications for taking this substance can serve as obesity and lipid metabolism disorders. Under its action, metabolic processes are intensified, and all fats that come with food are absorbed without being deposited on the hips or waist. But in order not to harm your health, it is better to include foods rich in vitamin PP in your diet than to take medicines.

The opinion of Dr. Komarovsky on the use of nicotinic acid

Almost every mother thinks about the question of whether her child needs to take vitamin supplements, and when is the best time to do this. The popular pediatrician Komarovsky considers the vitamins that enter the body with food to be very useful and valuable. In his opinion, it is necessary to take vitamin PP or any other medicinal vitamin preparations only in cases of their deficiency.

The doctor considers the prophylactic intake of multivitamins to be unnecessary due to the fact that the lack of specific substances in a child develops when it enters extreme conditions when there is no food. For other significant reasons, if there are various types of products on the baby’s menu, it makes no sense to use multivitamins. Komarovsky believes that it is preferable to diversify baby food and include all the necessary foods in it than to give the child pharmaceutical preparations.

Can there be an overdose of nicotinic acid, and what are its consequences?

The excessive use of drugs based on vitamin PP can lead to various consequences. Hypotension patients may experience dizziness, fainting, or even a deep coma, which is associated with. An overdose of this vitamin can lead to gastrointestinal disturbances, temporary flushing of the head, and itchy skin. Allergic reactions, decreased tactile reflex, and difficulty swallowing food may also develop. In this case, the patient is prescribed symptomatic treatment.

A nicotinic acid is a very useful and valuable vitamin for the human body. Its deficiency can lead to extremely unpleasant symptoms. Therefore, with the correct use of drugs or the inclusion of foods containing niacin in the diet, many health problems can be avoided and overall well-being can be improved.

VIDEO Uncut doping Nicotinic acid, vitamin B3, vitamin PP, Niacin

Useful properties of nicotinic acid (niacin)

Power generation

Niacin is involved in a large number of chemical reactions, the body's reserves of energy. In particular, it converts proteins, fats and carbohydrates into usable energy. Nicotinic acid is also used to synthesize starch, which can be stored in the body's muscles and liver for later use as an energy source.

Fat metabolism

Vitamin B3 plays an important role in the chemical processing of fats in the body. Cell membrane formation requires fatty acids, which in turn require the presence of vitamin B3 for their synthesis. Niacin also causes the synthesis of hormone-like substances that regulate the metabolism in the body.

Normalization of cholesterol levels

Vitamin B3, according to studies, reduces the level of bad cholesterol, which disrupts blood circulation and leads to atherosclerosis. Niacin also reduces the amount of lipoproteins and triglycerides. At the same time, niacin is able to increase the level of good cholesterol. With these features reduces the risk of cardiovascular disease.

Support for genetic processes

DNA components require nicotinic acid for their production, and its deficiency (as well as the deficiency of other vitamins of the group) is directly related to genetic damage. The association between vitamin B3 and DNA damage appears to be particularly important in the context of cancer and its prevention.

Regulation of insulin activity

According to some studies, niacin is able to regulate insulin metabolism and blood sugar levels.

Improving brain function

Back in the middle of the last century, a study was conducted, according to which vitamin B3 in therapeutic doses can increase the percentage of remission among patients with schizophrenia. Niacin also has a mild sedative effect.

Video about vitamin B3

Eggs - 0.19 mg.

What is vitamin B3 for?

1. In order for the body to produce energy. Thanks to nicotinic acid, enzymes are formed in the body. And they are helpers of cells in the conversion of carbohydrates into energy.

2. For the digestive system. Vitamin PP is a direct participant in the breakdown of proteins, fats and carbohydrates, thereby helping the stomach to digest food more easily.

3. Vitamin B3 maintains optimal blood glucose levels. That is, if your day went smoothly and by the evening you are still full of energy, then nicotinic acid will not do anything. But in the case when, after a hard workout or physical exertion at work, your strength slowly leaves you and the only desire left is to go to bed and fall asleep, the action of vitamin PP is activated. He takes out energy reserves from pantries that allow you to finish the day with dignity, and not like a soft toy - where you put it, it will lie there.

4. You know that bones need calcium. Only in this case they will grow stronger and develop normally. The same can be said about the brain and vitamin B3. The first needs it, because without nicotinic acid it cannot work properly - and you suffer. Because: - remember less; - associative thinking is turned off; - the dream does not go.

That is why doctors prescribe vitamin PP when a person suffers from schizophrenia or other illnesses associated with a mental disorder.

Minimum daily intake of vitamin B3

Children:- from six months to a year - 6 mg; - 1.5 years - 9 mg;

The benefits of vitamin B3 or nicotinic acid

Vitamin B3 has many names: nicotinamide, nicotinic acid, niacin. It is one of the most important vitamins for the human body. In addition, nicotinic acid is also used as a drug. The benefits of vitamin B3 or nicotinic acid have long been proven by scientists and are very extensive. Read more about the beneficial properties of nicotinic acid in this article.

Vitamin B3 has many names - niacin, nicotinic acid, nicotinamide, vitamin PP - an abbreviation for "warning pellagra". This substance plays an important role in the functioning of the human body, maintaining its health. Nicotinamide is especially important for maintaining healthy skin. The benefits of vitamin B3 are expressed in its participation in metabolism. If this vitamin substance is present in the body in insufficient quantities, rather unpleasant symptoms occur.

Nicotinic acid is of great importance for redox processes, tissue respiration, carbohydrate and protein metabolism. It has vasodilating properties, and also has the ability to improve the secretion of gastric juice.

It is also worth noting another important role of nicotinic acid - its effect on the functioning of the nervous system. The benefit of vitamin B3 is that it ensures the stability of nervous activity. With its deficiency, the nervous system is vulnerable, unprotected.

Nicotinamide prevents skin disease such as pellagra, or rough skin. In addition, it is an important necessary link in the synthesis of genetic material, protein metabolism, the synthesis of fatty acids and useful cholesterol, and also contributes to the normal functioning of the central nervous system and brain.

The benefit of vitamin B3 also lies in the fact that it is a very effective tool designed to normalize blood cholesterol. This vitamin substance helps to maintain the efficiency of the heart, as well as increase blood circulation.

Nicotinic acid is a participant in many reactions associated with the conversion of fats and sugar into energy. It has a beneficial effect on the functioning of the cardiovascular system, promotes the expansion of peripheral blood vessels, improves blood circulation, cleanses the vessels of dense lipoproteins, reduces pressure, and reduces the likelihood of developing cardiovascular diseases.

Vitamin B3 is used in the treatment of the following diseases:

Diabetes. Nicotinamide prevents the destruction of the pancreas, which leads to the fact that the body loses the ability to produce insulin on its own. Patients diagnosed with diabetes when taking vitamin B3 need injections with less insulin.

Neuropsychiatric disorders. Vitamin B3 has a calming effect, and therefore it is used in the treatment of decreased attention, depression, schizophrenia, and alcoholism.

Osteoarthritis. With the help of nicotinic acid, they reduce pain and joint mobility during illness.

Pellagra. Vitamin PP is used to prevent this skin disease associated with the development of various dermatitis, inflammatory lesions of the mucous membranes of the tongue and mouth, atrophy of the mucous membranes of the gastrointestinal tract.

Sources of nicotinic acid

The benefits of vitamin B3 are most pronounced if a person receives it with natural products, and not with synthetic drugs. The following foods contain nicotinic acid: meat, liver, fish, vegetables, milk, and also cereals.

In addition, nature provides for the possibility of independent synthesis of vitamin B3 by the human body. It is produced from the amino acid tryptophan. That is why experts recommend saturating the diet with foods that contain tryptophan. These are bananas, oats, sesame, pine nuts.

Dosage of vitamin B3

The need for nicotinic acid for an adult is 12-25 mg per day. The dosage depends on the age of the person, his physical activity, the presence of certain diseases. During pregnancy or breastfeeding, with intense physical, mental stress, with nervous strain, while taking antibiotics and other drugs, in very hot or, conversely, cold climates, the dosage of vitamin B3 should be increased.

Nicotinic acid deficiency

Lack of nicotinic acid provokes a lot of unpleasant symptoms. This state is evidenced, first of all, by a variety of emotional manifestations, such as anxiety, fears, aggressiveness, irritability, decreased concentration, anger, weight gain.

In addition, a deficiency of nicotinic acid can lead to headache, weakness, insomnia, irritability, depression, decreased ability to work, digestive disorders, nausea, and loss of appetite.

In order to avoid such manifestations, it is necessary to carefully monitor nutrition and be sure to include foods rich in nicotinic acid in the diet.

An excess of nicotinic acid

An overdose of vitamin B3 usually does not provoke any dangerous consequences. Sometimes it causes slight dizziness, facial redness, muscle tingling, and numbness. With prolonged overdose, fatty degeneration of the liver, stomach pain, loss of appetite can be observed.

In addition, people with exacerbations of peptic ulcer, complex liver damage, severe forms of hypertension and atherosclerosis, gout, excess uric acid in the blood should know that taking vitamin B3 is contraindicated for them.

As for harm, it occurs in the case of an allergic reaction and stomach ulcers. In this case, it is better for a person not to take vitamin B3.

Nicotinic acid for hair growth

Now let's talk about the non-standard use of vitamin B3. Most girls want to have long beautiful hair. Therefore, they are looking for all sorts of natural ways to activate hair growth. Note that inexperience in this case can play a cruel joke on you.

As mentioned above, not all people understand that vitamins are, first of all, drugs that also have an impressive list of contraindications and side effects. But here, when buying, the very word "vitamins" plays a decisive role, which, unlike "antibiotics", allegedly does not involve a risk to health.

So, girls sometimes take both nicotinic acid tablets and rub the contents of the ampoule into the scalp. And in that, and in that method of application, you harm your body.

If you take the pills on an empty stomach, you can become a victim of severe nausea and vomiting. And an overdose (when taking 2 tablets a day) leads to an allergic reaction, which manifests itself in the form of hives on the body and a rash on the face. Agree, the picture is not the most pleasant, and, moreover, the end does not justify the means.

Many girls who used nicotinic acid ampoules noted that after rubbing it they had a severe headache that did not go away within 1-2 days. And this happens because vitamin B3 in large quantities increases blood pressure, and the heart begins to "pump" blood intensively. And such a load on the vessels is simply dangerous.

But what about hair? Is there an effect, given the suffering that the fair sex had to go through? The thing is, you can't see it instantly. It takes some time here. But it is considered the norm when hair grows 1-2 cm per month.

And to speed up this process, you can use an alternative, and, most importantly, safe way - use pepper tincture.

Thus, a vitamin such as nicotinic acid should only be used as prescribed by your doctor, and not on personal initiative, which, as you know, is punishable. And here you will almost have to pay with your health, which is priceless!

Read about health:

Nicotinic acid is a provitamin of nicotinamide (a water-soluble anti-pellagric B vitamin).

Today, this drug is available in several forms:

• nicotinic acid in tablets of 0.05 g (50 tablets per pack);
• dragees in a dosage of 0.005 g or 0.015 g (50 pieces per pack);
• 1% solution - injections of nicotinic acid, on sale in ampoules of 1 ml;
• powder in sticks of 0.015 g.

Pharmacological properties of the drug

Nicotinic acid is an extremely important vitamin for our body, contributing to the normal course of most metabolic and educational processes. It improves liver activity, has a trophic, healing effect on wounds and ulcers, stimulates the hematopoietic function of the bone marrow, eliminates spastic conditions of blood vessels, activates the production of the gastric mucosa and gastrointestinal motility, facilitates detoxification processes, and reduces blood glucose. Also, the use of nicotinic acid has a beneficial effect on the functioning of the heart, blood vessels and the central nervous system.

It has been proven that the use of nicotinic acid has a beneficial effect on lipid metabolism, and also significantly lowers blood cholesterol levels in patients with hypercholesterolemia and atherosclerosis.

The use of nicotinic acid in pellagra is extremely effective. With the first course of taking the drug, a rapid therapeutic effect is noted. At the same time, positive dynamics is noted both from the side of gastrointestinal and skin phenomena, and from the side of the central nervous system. After three weeks of therapy, skin symptoms completely disappear, dyspepsia (gastrointestinal disorders) stops. And within two months of treatment, pellagric psychoses completely disappear.

However, this is not a complete list of the useful properties of this drug. The use of nicotinic acid is effective as an antipruritic, detoxifying, desensitizing, vasodilating agent. Nicotinic acid for hair is actively used. The use of nicotinic acid for weight loss is also popular.

Rules for the use of nicotinic acid

Tablets and injections of nicotinic acid are prescribed for liver diseases, for multiple sclerosis, and also as a vasodilator for endarteritis and other processes associated with angiospastic phenomena.

Vitamin PP is often used in the treatment of diseases of the skin and mucous membranes: for eczema, photodermatosis, lupus erythematosus, neurodermatitis, dermatitis, psoriasis, parapsoriasis, skin porphyria, cheilitis, aphthous stomatitis, glossitis. This drug is also used in the treatment of dermatoses that cause peripheral circulatory disorders.

Vitamin PP is used as a detoxifying agent for the treatment of sulfonamide poisoning, as well as in long-term therapy with antimalarial and anti-tuberculosis drugs.

Often this substance is also used as a diagnostic tool for the detection of syphilitic roseola and erythema leprosy.

In the treatment of various diseases and disease states, the correct dosage and method of taking the drug should be prescribed. The drug can be administered orally (nicotinic acid in tablets or dragees), administered intramuscularly, subcutaneously or intravenously (injections). Given the pain of injections of nicotinic acid, the drug is rarely prescribed intramuscularly and subcutaneously.

Usually, nicotinic acid tablets are prescribed at a dosage of 0.02-0.1 g per dose up to 3 times a day. They should be taken after meals. For prophylactic purposes, nicotinic acid tablets are prescribed at a dosage of 0.015-0.025 g per dose, three times a day (adults) and 0.005-0.02 g per day (children).

Injections of nicotinic acid (1% solution of 1-5 ml) are usually administered intramuscularly at 0.1 g or at a dosage of 0.05 g (intravenously) 1-2 times a day. Niacin injections for children are prescribed intramuscularly at the rate of 0.002–0.003 g per 1 kg of body weight once or twice a day.

Depending on the complexity and type of the disease, the duration of the course of treatment can be from three to five weeks, if necessary, a second course of treatment is prescribed after a 10-14-day break. The maximum daily dose when using injections is 0.3 g, when taken orally up to 5 g.

The drug has low toxicity and in most cases is well tolerated by patients.

Nicotinic acid for hair

The benefit of nicotinic acid for hair lies in the ability of this drug to dilate blood vessels. That is, when applied to the hair roots, this substance is absorbed into the scalp and, thanks to the blood vessels, is supplied to the cells of the skin on the entire surface of the head, enriching the skin and hair follicles with essential nutrients. To strengthen the hair and improve their growth, it is necessary to conduct a 30-day course of therapy. Of course, such techniques are not prescribed by the attending physicians, unless the trichologist can recommend them to strengthen the hair. But for the most part, this therapy is a find of traditional medicine and this recipe is passed "by word of mouth" as recommendations. So how is nicotinic acid used for hair? Everything is quite simple: a small amount of the solution is applied to the scalp, rubbing it with light massaging movements. A ready-made solution in ampoules is used, it is not necessary to dilute it. At a time, it is necessary to use no more than 1 ampoule, it should be applied literally drop by drop to different parts of the head: in the temporal zone, on the back of the head, along the parting line. It is better to pour the contents of the ampoule into a plastic container and, dipping your fingertips into the solution, apply the product to the scalp. This procedure is done daily after shampooing for 30 days. However, do not use more than 1 ampoule per day and exceed the course of rehabilitation therapy, otherwise you can cause an allergic reaction. In this case, temporary redness of the scalp after applying the drug is considered normal.

Nicotinic acid for weight loss

It must be said right away that nicotinic acid for weight loss is not used as a fat-burning agent. This drug does not have the ability to burn fat cells, but it perfectly normalizes metabolic processes in the body, stimulates the production of a sufficient amount of gastric juice and lowers blood cholesterol levels. Effective nicotinic acid for weight loss and the fact that it will help cleanse the body of toxins and toxins, normalize blood circulation and saturate the body with useful substances.

Side effects and contraindications

With the rapid introduction of the drug, there may be weakness, a decrease in blood pressure, a deterioration in appetite. Quite often, after taking the drug, there may be a temporary reddening of the skin of the face, fever, a feeling of a rush of blood to the head. However, these events pass quickly.

Vitamin B 3 (niacin, nicotinamide) - the only one that has been officially assigned the status of a drug, is a powerful antioxidant and is involved in all metabolic processes of the human body.

Description

Structural formula of nicotinic acid

It has two active forms, closely related and sometimes replacing each other, and several names. B 3 - since it was discovered by the third in the family of the B-complex. PP - "against pellagra" - by the name of the disease that develops due to its deficiency. Niacin- by the name of provitamin. Nicotinamide- by the name of its amide. B 3 and PP are now considered obsolete names.

The organic substance is a white soluble powder. Its stability is high in acidic, alkaline environment, autoclave (hot steam under pressure), ultraviolet rays. It tolerates storage in frozen, canned, dried form. Excess consumption of sweets, sugar destroys it.

The intestinal flora of the human body is able to synthesize niacin from tryptophan.

Of all the vitamins, only its medicinal properties are appreciated by the medical community, and the drug officially recognized as a drug.

IMPORTANT! For its mild calming effect on the central nervous system, doctors called niacin the “calm vitamin.”

Differences between nicotinic acid and nicotinamide

Both forms of the substance are able to satisfy the body's need for this biologically active substance, but they have different therapeutic effects.

Nicotinic acid (niacin) dilates blood vessels, is used for diseases of the cardiovascular system. Entry into the bloodstream is accompanied by a surge of heat waves, a feeling of slight pinpoint burning, redness of the head and neck. Contains herbal products.

What is the difference between niacin and nicotinamide?

Niacin is actually nicotinic acid, the main form of the substance.

Nicotinamide is its amide, the second form of the same substance.

They have identical vitamin activity. However, nicotinamide does not have the ability of niacin to modify lipids, lower cholesterol and dilate blood vessels. Consider them separately when used as two different drugs in order to use their different pharmacological properties.

Why does the body need vitamin PP?

Vitamin B3 is needed by the body for the following reasons:

• Directly involved in redox processes, a participant in cellular respiration. It is characterized by a pronounced antioxidant effect.
• Involved in everyone metabolic processes, contributes to the production of intracellular energy.
• Provides health skin, mucous membranes, eliminates bad breath from the mouth.
• Expands large blood vessels, lowering blood pressure. Increases the lumen of capillaries, providing good nutrition to all cells of the body. It inhibits the formation of "bad" and increases the proportion of "good" cholesterol, reduces the amount of lipoproteins, triglycerides. Prevents the formation of blood clots, reducing blood viscosity. In general, niacin resists atherosclerotic vascular changes.
• Increases cerebral blood flow, sharpens attention, memory. Has a mild sedative effect.
• Significantly increases the production of gastric juice.
• Parenteral (intravenous) administration of the vitamin stimulates the work of the adrenal glands. As a result, the production of glucocorticoids, which have the ability to suppress local inflammatory and allergic reactions, increases.

When planning a pregnancy

During pregnancy planning, you can take vitamin PP through complex vitamin preparations: Duovit, Vitrum, Biovital, Centrum, Gendevit. Special increased dosages during this period are not provided: the body does not store vitamins for the future, and an excess of vitamins is no less dangerous than their deficiency.

Daily rate

The daily requirement for a vitamin depends on age (see table).

Table of daily content in the body.

Release form

• Nicotinic acid (niacin) is produced in powder, tablets with a dosage of 500 mg, 1% sterile solution. Analogues: VitaplexN, Nikovit, Pellagramin, Enduracin.
• Nicotinamide - in powder, tablets with a dosage of 5 and 25 mg, in 1%, 2.5%, 5% solutions.

Indications

If the diet is complete, balanced, the body has enough vitamin that enters the body with food. But there are conditions that require its additional introduction from the outside:

1. The increased need of the body: when carrying and feeding a child, with severe physical, intellectual, mental stress.
2. Prolonged depression due to a lack of tryptophan, which the body has to spend not on creating the hormone of happiness (serotonin), but on the synthesis of a vital vitamin.
3. The first symptoms of vitamin deficiency appear: persistent headaches, nervousness, weight loss, skin is pale and dry. If you do not make up for the deficiency of niacin, pellagra, the “three d” disease, can develop: dermatosis - diarrhea - dementia (skin inflammation - loose stools - dementia).
4. Diseases of the cardiovascular system (arterial hypertension, atherosclerosis).
5. Diseases of the skin and mucous membranes (stomatitis, dermatitis, acne, acne, eczema).
6. Diseases of the digestive system: hypoacid gastritis, hepatitis, cirrhosis of the liver.
7. CNS pathologies: psychoneurological and psychoemotional personality disorders: alcoholism, schizophrenia, depression, smoking.
8. Diabetes mellitus type I.
9. Difficult-healing trophic ulcers.

Contraindications

You can not use the drug in case of individual intolerance.

Oral intake: acute period of gastritis with increased secretion, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum; children under 2 years of age.

Parenteral administration: unstable arterial hypertension; gout; severe forms of atherosclerosis, liver diseases; hyperuricemia; children under 2 years of age.

Carefully: tendency to bleed; glaucoma; gastritis with increased secretion, peptic ulcer of the stomach and duodenum without exacerbation.

Side effects

Both oral and parenteral administration of nicotinic acid is accompanied by more or less pronounced symptoms: hot wave tide to the upper part of the body, a feeling of light point tingling; nicotinamide does not cause these manifestations.

Subcutaneous and intramuscular administration of nicotinic acid is accompanied by a pronounced local soreness; nicotinamide is devoid of this side effect.

Possible appearance nausea, vomiting, diarrhea; increase in blood sugar and uric acid; headache, dizziness; myalgia, paresthesia.

With prolonged use, the development of fatty degeneration of the liver is possible.

IMPORTANT! Rapid intravenous administration of niacin provokes a rapid decrease in blood pressure up to the development of orthostatic collapse.

Compatibility of nicotinic acid with other vitamins

Nicotinic acid and vitamin C have positive compatibility. Co-administration with ascorbic acid potentiates action both vitamins. Usual dosages for combined use should be reduced.

Compatibility with B vitamins

Vitamin B1

Nicotinic acid and vitamin B1 have negative compatibility. Niacin has a destructive effect on thiamine (B 1). Recommended separate reception

Vitamin B6

Nicotinic acid and vitamin B6 have positive compatibility. Pyridoxine (B 6) facilitates the absorption of niacin, it is possible simultaneous reception.

Vitamin B12

Nicotinic acid and vitamin B12 have negative compatibility. The joint intake of niacin and cyanocobalamin (B 12) destroys the latter. Recommended separate reception at intervals of at least 6 hours.

Taking roaccutane along with nicotinic acid (vitamin B3)

Roaccutane (ROA) is a powerful drug that has many limitations, side effects, and special indications. Patients undergoing ROA treatment should be under the constant supervision of a doctor. Only a dermatologist decides on the need to prescribe additional drugs.

The use of nicotinamide in cosmetics

• Nicotinamide is used as a powerful antioxidant that relieves skin irritation. Protects the skin from the action of ultraviolet radiation, acts as a stimulator of cellular metabolism, improves its blood supply.
• Included in products that care for irritated, sensitive, aging or pigmented skin. Well proven in the treatment of rosacea and acne.
• Contains nicotinamide sunscreens, bath and shower products, mouth rinses.

The use of nicotinic acid for hair growth

Vitamin, nicotinic acid, is recognized as an effective and low-budget stimulant Hair Growth. The result of the impact is to improve the blood supply to the hair follicles, their additional nutrition. Niacin helps to retain moisture in the hair, preventing them from drying out, eliminates dandruff and seborrhea.

Mode of application

Apply the solution from the ampoule to the roots of washed and dried hair, massaging the skin (the hair itself does not require processing) and put on a warming cap. Keep 1.5 - 2 hours. If the substance is administered as a mask ingredient - no longer than 30 minutes. After the required time, rinse with warm water.

The frequency of procedures is 2 times a week, the course is 30 days; repetitions of courses with a two-month interval are possible. The daily dose for external use is 4 ampoules (or 8 powdered tablets).

IMPORTANT! Local allergic reactions are possible! Before use, you need to do a skin test: apply to the skin of the wrist from the inside, hold for 60 minutes. Monitor the reaction (appearance of itching, burning, redness, swelling). If there are manifestations, then this remedy is not for you.

What products contain

100 g of white mushroom contains 8.5 mg of vitamin PP

The highest content (more than 10 mg per 100 g of the product) is in the liver, cheeses, yeast, offal (heart, kidneys), coffee beans.

Vitamin B3 is present in some herbs: burdock root, chamomile, raspberry leaves, red clover, parsley, peppermint, rosehip, sorrel, ginseng, fennel seeds.

See the full table with products in a separate article:

Useful video

Video about the benefits and harms of nicotinic acid for hair:

Conclusion

Niacin (nicotinamide) is a drug. For therapeutic purposes, it should be used only as directed by a doctor. The use of complexes containing the vitamin in standard dosages does not require medical supervision.

“Nicotinic acid - instructions for use” - this is the topic for today on the alter-zdrav.ru website, we will talk about the extensive indications, contraindications and side effects of nicotine, the features of using nicotinic acid in tablets and ampoules, for various health problems, for growth hair, weight loss and skin improvement.

Nicotinic acid (niacin) belongs to medical preparations, namely to derivatives of vitamins, its scientific name is vitamin PP, less often called vitamin B3.

In animal products, niacin is found in the form of nicotinamide, and in plant materials - as nicotinic acid.

It has a wide range of effects on the work of the human body, due to which it is successfully used in the fight against various diseases.

As for the pricing policy, nicotinic acid is one of the most inexpensive drugs, you can buy it in tablets from 30 to 65 rubles, in ampoules - within 100 rubles for a box of 10 pcs.

The action of nicotinic acid

• impaired vision;
• ischemic stroke;
• noise in ears;
• manifestations of osteochondrosis;
• any form of hemorrhoids;
• disorders in the liver;
• diabetes;
• migraine.

deficiency symptoms substances can be very different, from the appearance of spots on the face (similar to sunburn), ending with blisters and blisters on the body, which can later scar the skin. There may also be damage to the mucous membranes, including the tongue and gums. Perhaps a manifestation of general weakness and lethargy.

Often there are rashes on the skin of a dark red color, the skin becomes dry and rough. Frequent urge to the toilet (diarrhea about 10 times a day). Loss of appetite and weight loss. Sometimes there is insomnia and decreased attention. Often, with a lack of nicotinic acid in the body, a person slows down thinking, memory deteriorates.

With an overdose of nicotinic acid there may be a feeling of acute pain in the stomach, dizziness and nausea, clouding of consciousness and even fainting. Sometimes there is a violation of vision and hearing. Such symptoms are usually observed when taking nicotinic acid 500 mg or more once in its pure form. In case of an overdose of nicotine, you must contact an ambulance. And before her arrival, open the windows to ensure the flow of fresh air into the room. Give the victim water or milk to drink.

Unlike tablets, injections do not irritate the gastric mucosa, and are evenly distributed throughout the body in the shortest possible time. The liquid dosage form of nicotinic acid is administered in ampoules up to twice a day subcutaneously, intramuscularly or intravenously. It is recommended to take the drug in autumn and winter.

Contraindications to the use of nicotinic acid

• stomach ulcer;
• atherosclerosis;
• cirrhosis of the liver;
• severe glaucoma;

Need to be borne in mind side effects of nicotinic acid:

The use of nicotinic acid

• for hair growth

Vitamin PP is a vital element, since it is responsible for the normal functioning of metabolism. A constant supply of vitamin B3 is necessary for a more coordinated work of all internal organs, as well as for an attractive appearance. Masks based on nicotine well dilate the blood vessels on the scalp, stimulating hair growth. Unlike expensive store masks, masks based on vitamin PP are available to everyone.

You can add a few drops of the vitamin to your shampoo or your usual hair balm. You can also rub a solution of nicotinic acid into the scalp in its pure form, which will significantly improve its condition, get rid of dandruff, and help with baldness.

The most popular and effective mask based on vitamin PP is prepared in this way: 1 ampoule of nicotine is mixed with half a spoonful of aloe juice. Depending on the length of the hair, you can proportionally increase the ratio. Apply the finished mixture on the scalp and wrap with a warm scarf for 30-40 minutes. Then rinse with warm water and wash your hair with your favorite shampoo.

A monthly course of daily treatment of the hair roots with nicotine will increase the density and length of the hair, the hair begins to grow at a rate of 5-7 cm per month. After a three-week break, the course can be repeated.

• for face

For facial skin care, nicotinic acid is also used quite often. She is responsible for the full "breathing" of the skin. With a lack of it in the body, the skin becomes dull and dry, peeling and rashes often appear. Often in the composition of cosmetics you can find vitamin PP, for example, in tonics, lotions, body creams and hair masks.

• for weight loss

For those who are struggling with the problem of excess weight, nicotinic acid is needed to improve digestion and normalize hormonal levels. It also helps to reduce blood cholesterol levels and stimulates the production of gastric secretions. Plus, vitamin PP cleanses the body of toxins and toxins.

Nicotinic acid is often recommended for overweight people in order to enhance the production of serotonin. It is this hormone that can improve mood. Thus, the craving for sweets (which, as you know, increases with depression and stress) disappears.

At the first signal to the cerebral cortex about the production of serotonin, the body automatically ceases to need carbohydrates (which in most cases provoke obesity). As soon as such impulses stop, the body begins to “demand” carbohydrates again.

A nicotinic acid is a water-soluble vitamin, also called

niacin ,

vitamin

RR or

AT 3. This vitamin ensures the normal course of all redox biochemical reactions in any organs and tissues. And since redox reactions are the basis of the life of any cell, then, accordingly, nicotinic acid is necessary for the normal functioning of any organs and tissues of the body.

Nicotinic acid deficiency leads to pellagra- a disease that is also figuratively called "three D", since its main manifestations are dermatitis, diarrhea and dementia.

The action of nicotinic acid

Nicotinic acid is the only vitamin that belongs to drugs, because it has the ability to treat any disease. In principle, it is vitamin PP that is the most effective drug that reduces the level

cholesterol

However, in addition to its therapeutic activity, nicotinic acid performs a number of very important biological functions. So, nicotinic acid activates enzymes that provide energy production in cells from fats and carbohydrates. That is, it is under the action of vitamin PP that sugars and fats are converted into energy necessary for the life of every cell of any organ or tissue. Accordingly, with a lack of this vitamin, the energy production process is disrupted, as a result of which the cells of various organs stop working normally and perform their functions. That is why nicotinic acid supports the normal functioning of all organs and tissues, and is especially important for the heart and blood vessels.

In addition, niacin activates enzymes that ensure the formation of sex hormones in men and women (estrogens, testosterone, progesterone), as well as insulin, cortisone and thyroxine.

As a medicine, vitamin PP has the following therapeutic effects:

• Vasodilator;
• Hypolipidemic (reduces the level of atherogenic lipid fractions in the blood);
• Hypocholesterolemic (lowers blood cholesterol).

Due to the above effects, nicotinic acid normalizes the ratio of lipid fractions, the concentration of cholesterol and triglycerides in the blood, and also dilates blood vessels, improving microcirculation in various organs and tissues, including the brain. In addition, niacin reduces the tendency to thrombosis.

That is why, as a drug, niacin is the most effective means of controlling blood cholesterol levels. So, in people who have had a myocardial infarction, regular use of nicotinic acid increases the percentage and lengthens the survival period much better than any other pharmaceuticals.

In addition, nicotinic acid fights major risk factors for cardiovascular disease, such as:

• Elevated levels of total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) in the blood;
• Low levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) in the blood;
• High concentration of lipoprotein in the blood;
• High levels of triglycerides (TG, TAG) in the blood.

Nicotinic acid significantly reduces the risk of developing or worsening the course of cardiovascular diseases associated with the above factors.

Also, the use of nicotinic acid can significantly reduce the dosage of insulin in people with type I diabetes. In addition, with regular use, vitamin PP prevents the development of diabetes, as it protects pancreatic cells from damage. According to a New Zealand study, prophylactic use of nicotinic acid by children aged 5 to 7 years cut the incidence of diabetes by half (by 50%).

With osteoarthritis, nicotinic acid reduces the severity of pain and improves the mobility of the affected joints.

Vitamin PP has a sedative (calming) effect. In addition, nicotinic acid increases the effectiveness of drugs used to treat depression, anxiety, decreased attention, alcoholism and schizophrenia. Under these conditions, the isolated use of nicotinic acid gives a positive therapeutic effect.

Nicotinic acid has excellent detoxifying properties, so it is used to remove toxic substances from the body of people who have been exposed to them for some time.

Regular intake of nicotinic acid can prevent migraine attacks and alleviate their course.

Daily need for nicotinic acid and products containing it

Since there is no depot of nicotinic acid in the human body, this vitamin must be supplied with food daily in the amounts necessary to meet the needs of all organs and systems.

The daily requirement for vitamin PP for people of different ages is as follows:

• Children under 1 year old- 6 mg per day;
• Children 1 - 1.5 years- 9 mg per day;
• Children 1.5 - 2 years- 10 mg per day;
• Children 3 - 4 years old- 12 mg per day;
• Children 5 - 6 years old- 13 mg per day;
• Children 7 – 10 years old- 15 mg per day;
• Children 11 – 13 years old- 19 mg per day;
• Boys 14 - 17 years old- 21 mg per day;
• Girls 14 – 17 years old- 18 mg per day;
• Adult women and men over 18 years of age- 20 mg per day;
• Adult women and men engaged in heavy physical labor- 25 mg per day;
• Pregnant women and nursing mothers- 20 - 25 mg per day.

The daily requirement for vitamin PP increases to 25-30 mg per day in the following situations:

• Work associated with neuropsychic stress (for example, pilots, surgeons, dispatchers, etc.);
• Living in the Far North;
• Work in a hot climate;
• Work in hot shops (for example, blast furnace production, swaging and steelmaking shops, etc.);
• Periods of pregnancy and lactation;
• Hard physical work;
• Nutrition with a low protein content and a predominance of vegetable fats over animal fats in the diet.

The largest amounts of nicotinic acid are found in the following foods:

• Avocado;
• Peanut;
• Porcini;
• Broccoli;
• Peas;
• Walnut;
• Yeast;
• Potato;
• Cayenne pepper;
• Burdock root;
• Nettle;
• Chicken meat;
• Corn;
• Dried apricots;
• Raspberry leaves;
• Dandelion leaves;
• Almond;
• Milk;
• Carrot;
• Oatmeal;
• Peppermint;
• Parsley;
• Dog-rose fruit;
• Wheat sprouts;
• Products made from whole grains;
• beef liver;
• Fish;
• Pork;
• Sunflower seeds;
• fennel seeds;
• Heart;
• tomatoes;
• Beans;
• Dates;
• pistachios;
• Hazelnut;
• Prunes;
• Champignons;
• Sorrel;
• Eggs;
• Barley grits.

Nicotinic acid (vitamin B3, vitamin PP, niacin) - blood cholesterol regulator - video

Symptoms of deficiency and overdose of nicotinic acid

Deficiency of nicotinic acid in the body can be complete and incomplete. At the first stage, with an incomplete deficiency of vitamin PP, various nonspecific

symptoms

Which are signs of trouble in the body. However, in this case, there is still a small amount of nicotinic acid in the tissues, which ensures the flow of vital processes, and therefore there are no specific symptoms and severe disturbances in the functioning of various organs. At the second stage, when the nicotinic acid present in the tissues is used up, an absolute deficiency of the vitamin occurs, which is characterized by the development of a specific disease - pellagra, and a number of severe dysfunctions of various organs.

Incomplete deficiency of nicotinic acid manifested by the following symptoms:

• lethargy;
• Apathy;
• severe fatigue;
• Dizziness;
• Headache;
• Irritability;
• Insomnia;
• Loss of appetite;
• Weight loss;
• Paleness of the skin and mucous membranes;
• Dry skin;
• palpitations;
• constipation;
• Decreased body resistance to infectious diseases.

With a long-term or complete deficiency of vitamin PP, pellagra develops. manifested by the following symptoms:

• Chronic diarrhea (stool up to 3-5 times a day, having a liquid watery consistency, but not containing blood or mucus impurities);
• Loss of appetite;
• Feeling of heaviness in the stomach;
• Heartburn and belching;
• Burning sensation in the mouth;
• Increased sensitivity of the gums;
• Salivation;
• Redness of the mucous membranes;
• swelling of the lips;
• Cracks in the lips and skin;
• Numerous inflammations on the skin;
• Protruding in the form of red dots papillae of the tongue;
• Deep cracks in the tongue;
• Red spots on the skin of the hands, face, neck and elbows;
• Swelling of the skin (the skin is sore, itchy and blisters appear on it);
• Weakness in the muscles;
• Noise in ears;
• Headache;
• Feeling of numbness and pain in the limbs;
• Crawling sensation;
• Shaky gait;
• High blood pressure;
• Dementia (dementia);
• Depression;
• Ulcers.

This list lists all the possible signs of pellagra, but the most typical and striking manifestations of this disease are dementia (dementia), diarrhea (diarrhea) and dermatitis. If a person has all three signs - diarrhea, dementia and dermatitis in varying degrees of severity, then this clearly indicates a deficiency of vitamin PP, even if the other symptoms listed above are absent.

With prolonged intake of very large amounts of nicotinic acid in the body, a person may experience fainting, itching of the skin, heart rhythm disturbances and disorders of the digestive tract. Excessive consumption of vitamin PP does not cause other symptoms of intoxication, since nicotinic acid is of low toxicity.

Pellagra (nicotinic acid deficiency) - symptoms and signs, treatment (how to compensate for vitamin B3 deficiency) - video Nicotinic acid preparations

Vitamin PP in medicines is contained in two forms - nicotinic acid itself and nicotinamide. Both forms are active components of drugs, have the same pharmacological activity and a similar therapeutic effect. That is why drugs containing both forms of vitamin PP as active substances are usually combined under one common name "nicotinic acid preparations".

Currently, the following nicotinic acid preparations containing nicotinamide as an active ingredient are available on the pharmaceutical market of the CIS countries:

• Niacinamide tablets and injection;
• Nikonacid;
• Nicotinamide tablets and solution for injections.

In addition, in the CIS countries there are the following preparations containing nicotinic acid as an active ingredient:

• Apelagrin;
• Niacin;
• Nicoverine (nicotinic acid + papaverine);
• A nicotinic acid;
• Nicotinic acid bufus;
• Nicotinic acid-Vial;
• Enduracin.

Nicotinic acid preparations are available in two pharmaceutical forms - tablets and injection solution. Accordingly, these drugs can be taken orally or injected.
Nicotinic acid - indications for use

Nicotinic acid preparations are indicated for use in the following diseases and conditions:

• Prevention of pellagra and vitamin PP deficiency;
• Treatment of pellagra;
• Atherosclerosis of the vessels of the brain and lower extremities;
• Chronic arterial insufficiency I - III degree;
• Hyperlipidemia (elevated blood levels of various types of lipids, such as triglycerides, cholesterol, and others);
• Spasm of peripheral vessels of various origins (for example, with obliterating endarteritis, Raynaud's disease, migraine, cerebrovascular accident, scleroderma, etc.);
• encephalopathy;
• Complex rehabilitation therapy after stroke and myocardial infarction;
• Angina stable and unstable;
• Atherosclerotic cardiosclerosis;
• People with risk factors for coronary artery disease in combination with hyperlipidemia;
• Hartnup disease;
• Hypercoagulability (increased blood clotting with a tendency to thrombosis);
• Neuritis of the facial nerve;
• intoxication;
• Long-term non-healing wounds;
• Ulcers on the skin and mucous membranes;
• Frequent or long-term infectious diseases;
• Diseases of the gastrointestinal tract (especially gastritis with low acidity);
• Liver diseases (cirrhosis, chronic hepatitis).

Nicotinic acid - instructions for useInjections (ampoules)

You can drive nicotinic acid preparations in the form of subcutaneous, intramuscular and intravenous injections.

Intravenously solutions are administered jet, but slowly. For intravenous administration of nicotinic acid, it is necessary to contact a medical institution, since only a highly qualified nurse should make such injections. The fact is that intravenous administration of nicotinic acid can provoke severe allergic reactions that can only be stopped in a medical institution.

Subcutaneous and intramuscular injections can be done at home on your own, but it must be remembered that such injections are very painful. For the production of injections, first of all, it is necessary to choose the right place. For intramuscular injections, the optimal sites are the outer upper third of the shoulder, the anterolateral surface of the thigh, the anterior abdominal wall (for people who are not overweight) and the upper outer quadrant of the buttocks. For subcutaneous injections, the optimal areas are the forearm and the outer anterior wall of the abdomen.

Having chosen a place for injection, it is necessary to wipe it with a cotton swab moistened with an antiseptic (alcohol, chlorhexidine, etc.). Then draw the required amount of solution into the syringe, release a few drops, lifting it up with a needle, and inject. After the injection, it is necessary to re-treat the injection site with a cotton swab moistened with an antiseptic. For each subsequent injection, it is necessary to choose a new place, deviating from the previous injection by 1-1.5 cm.

Intramuscular injection is made as follows: the needle is inserted deep into the tissue, after which, with the help of slow pressure on the piston, the solution is released. Intradermal injection is performed as follows: With two fingers, a small area of ​​​​skin is captured in the fold. Then, a needle is inserted into this fold, holding it almost parallel to the main skin and at the same time perpendicular to the lateral surface of the fold. The needle is inserted until tissue resistance is felt. As soon as the needle begins to go freely, the introduction is stopped. After that, slowly pressing on the syringe plunger, the solution is released into the tissue.

The choice of the method of administration of nicotinic acid is made by the doctor depending on the severity of the course of the disease, the general condition and the required speed of the appearance of positive effects. For intravenous, intramuscular and subcutaneous injections, 1%, 2.5% and 5% solutions of nicotinic acid are used, which are administered 1 to 2 times a day. The amount of solution required for administration is calculated from the amount of nicotinic acid contained in it.

Dosages and duration of therapy depend on the disease and are as follows:

• For the treatment of pellagra and symptoms of vitamin PP deficiency - adults are administered intravenously 50 mg or intramuscularly 100 mg 1-2 times a day for 10-15 days;
• In ischemic stroke - a solution of nicotinic acid is administered at 100 - 500 mg intravenously.

For all other diseases, as well as for children, nicotinic acid preparations are used orally in the form of tablets.
Nicotinic acid tablets

Morse, compote, etc.). Taking nicotinic acid tablets before meals can provoke unpleasant sensations, such as a burning sensation in the area

stomach nausea

etc. It is desirable to swallow the tablets whole, but if necessary, they can be chewed or crushed.

The dosage and duration of the use of nicotinic acid depend on the severity of the condition and the type of disease. The following dosages of tablets are currently recommended for various conditions for people of different ages:

• For the prevention of pellagra and vitamin PP deficiency- adults take 12.5 - 25 mg per day, and children - 5 - 25 mg per day;
• For the treatment of pellagra- adults take 100 mg 3-4 times a day for 15-20 days. Children take 12.5 - 50 mg 2 - 3 times a day;
• At atherosclerosis, take 2-3 g (2000-3000 mg) per day, divided into 2-4 doses;
• With hyperlipidemia and disorders of fat metabolism start with a low dosage and gradually increase it to the required. In the first week, take 500 mg 1 time per day. In the absence of side effects in the second week, take 500 mg twice a day. On the third week, bring the dosage to 500 mg 3 times a day and take the tablets for a total of 2.5 to 3 months. Then it is necessary to take a monthly break and, if necessary, undergo a course of therapy again;
• To increase the concentration of HDL it is necessary to take 1000 mg of nicotinic acid per day;
• With risk factors for cardiovascular disease take 500 - 1000 mg per day;
• For other diseases adults take 20 - 50 mg 2 - 3 times a day, and children - 12.5 - 25 mg 2 - 3 times a day.

The optimal daily dosage of nicotinic acid tablets for adults is 1.5 - 2 g (1500 - 2000 mg), and the maximum allowable is 6 g (6000 mg).

The duration of one course of treatment of various diseases with nicotinic acid averages 2-3 months. Such courses of therapy can be repeated, if necessary, with intervals of at least 1 month between them.

If for some reason the treatment was interrupted before the completion of the full course, then you can start taking nicotinic acid again after 5 to 7 days, but in smaller dosages and gradually bring it back up to the desired one. In this case, the course of treatment is extended only by 5 to 7 days off.

special instructions

Nicotinic acid should not be used to correct the concentration of lipid fractions in people with diabetes mellitus, as this is impractical due to low efficiency. In addition, nicotinic acid should be used with caution in people suffering from stomach diseases, since vitamin PP irritates the gastric mucosa and

intestines

And it can provoke an exacerbation of chronic pathology. These people need to take nicotinic acid in half of the recommended therapeutic dosages.

With prolonged use of nicotinic acid, every three months it is necessary to monitor liver function by determining the levels of lipids, glucose and uric acid, as well as the activity of AST, ALT and alkaline phosphatase in the blood. With a sharp increase in the levels of these indicators above the norm, it is necessary to reduce the dosage. To reduce the possible negative effects of nicotinic acid on the liver, it is necessary to include foods containing methionine in the diet (for example, cottage cheese), or take drugs with methionine.

At the initial stage of treatment, it is necessary to control the level of blood glucose and, if necessary, start therapy with small doses, gradually increasing them to therapeutic ones.

Unfortunately, not all people can take high and effective doses of nicotinic acid, as they are poorly tolerated, causing hot flashes, reddening of the skin, and gastrointestinal disturbances. In such situations, the maximum dosages that are well tolerated by a person are individually selected.

In addition, with prolonged use of nicotinic acid, ascorbic acid can be washed out of the body. Therefore, to prevent its deficiency, along with nicotinic acid, it is necessary to take vitamin C.

It must also be remembered that the use of nicotinic acid in therapeutic dosages can provoke the following negative consequences:

• Increased acidity of gastric juice with exacerbation of peptic ulcer of the stomach or duodenum;
• Increased blood glucose levels;
• An increase in the level of uric acid in the blood up to the formation of gout;
• Increased frequency of arrhythmia attacks;
• acanthosis (brown spots on the skin);
• Swelling of the retina of the eye, provoking vagueness and blurred vision.

These negative symptoms are unstable and after the abolition of nicotinic acid pass quickly, independently and without a trace without any treatment.
Interaction with other drugs

Nicotinic acid should be used with caution concomitantly with drugs to reduce arterial

pressureAspirin

and anticoagulants, since the effect of their interaction is difficult to predict.

Nicotinic acid enhances the effects of cardiac glycosides (Strophanthin, Korglikon, etc.), antispasmodics (No-Shpa, Papaverine, etc.), fibrinolytics (Streptokinase, Urokinase, etc.) and alcohol.

When taken with lipid-lowering agents, the risk of developing toxic effects on the liver may increase.

In addition, vitamin PP reduces the severity of the therapeutic effect of antidiabetic drugs.

Electrophoresis with nicotinic acid

Electrophoresis with nicotinic acid is used in the treatment

osteochondrosis

This method allows you to quickly remove lactic acid from the tissues affected by the inflammatory process, which actually causes sharp, excruciating pain and severe swelling.

When using electrophoresis, nicotinic acid is delivered directly to the affected tissue area, which ensures its action in the place where it is needed. In addition, due to the intake of vitamin PP directly into the affected tissues, the therapeutic effect develops quickly, and relief comes literally after the first procedure. Also, after electrophoresis with nicotinic acid, the flow of other drugs (taken orally or injected), oxygen and nutrients to the affected tissue areas is facilitated, since vitamin PP improves blood microcirculation. It is thanks to these effects that when using electrophoresis with nicotinic acid, the process of healing and stopping an attack of osteochondrosis is much faster.

For electrophoresis, a 1% solution of nicotinic acid is used. Procedures are carried out once a day for 10 days. If necessary, a course of electrophoresis with nicotinic acid can be carried out periodically to prevent exacerbations and prevent the progression of osteochondrosis.

More about electrophoresis

Application in various fieldsNicotinic acid for hairVitamin PP improves blood microcirculation in the scalp, which increases the amount of nutrients and oxygen supplied to the hair follicles. Due to a more intense influx of oxygen and nutrients, the hair under the influence of nicotinic acid stops falling out, begins to grow faster and acquires a shiny beautiful appearance. Vitamin PP eliminates dryness, reduces the number of split ends, maintains normal hair color, preventing the appearance of gray hair. Thus, nicotinic acid has a positive effect on the health and speed of hair growth.

However, it must be remembered that all these effects of nicotinic acid are not due to its properties, but to the fact that vitamin PP increases blood flow in the area of ​​​​hair follicles, as a result of which the hair receives more nutrients and vitamins. Accordingly, the effect of using nicotinic acid for hair will be noticeable only if a person eats normally and fully and in his body there is a sufficient amount of vitamins and minerals that the bloodstream can deliver to the hair follicles. If a person is malnourished or suffers from a deficiency of vitamins and minerals in the body, then there will be no effect from the use of nicotinic acid for hair, since increased microcirculation in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bthe hair follicles will not increase the amount of nutrients and oxygen supplied to them.

Nicotinic acid for hair can be used in the following ways:

• Take orally in the form of tablets in courses;
• Add to various hair care products (masks, shampoos, etc.) in order to enrich them;
• Apply a solution of nicotinic acid to the scalp in its pure form.

It is necessary to take nicotinic acid orally to improve the condition of the hair in short courses - 10 to 20 days, 1 tablet (50 mg) per day. Such courses can be repeated, keeping intervals between them lasting 3-4 weeks.

It is necessary to add nicotinic acid to home and ready-made hair care products in the form of a 2 - 2.5% solution. For every 100 ml of a mask or shampoo, add 5-10 drops of a solution of nicotinic acid and use the finished composition immediately. Hair cosmetics enriched with vitamin PP should not be stored, since vitamin PP is rapidly destroyed when oxygen is present.

The simplest and most effective way to use nicotinic acid for hair is to rub it into the scalp. To do this, use ampoules with a 1% solution. The ampoules are opened immediately before use, the solution is poured into a small container and gently rubbed into the scalp with soft massaging movements along the partings with your fingers. First, the crown and forehead are treated, then the back of the head and temporal regions.

Depending on the length and thickness of the hair, 1-2 ampoules of a nicotinic acid solution are needed at a time. It is recommended to rub nicotinic acid after washing your hair. Some time after applying nicotinic acid to the scalp, a feeling of warmth and slight tingling may appear, which is normal and indicates the activation of blood flow. After application, it is not necessary to wash off the vitamin solution, since it is absorbed into the skin and hair, and has its positive effect.

To obtain the optimal effect, it is necessary to rub nicotinic acid into the scalp every day for a month. After this, it is necessary to take a break for at least 1 month, after which the course of application of vitamin PP can be repeated.

Nicotinic acid for the face

Since vitamin PP activates blood microcirculation in peripheral tissues, it increases the amount of nutrients and oxygen delivered to

It also speeds up metabolic processes in all its layers. Such an action leads to the fact that under the action of nicotinic acid, the skin condition improves, since it receives better nutrition, and its structures are constantly maintained in optimal condition due to a good metabolic rate.

Plastic surgeons in the United States recommend that their patients drink a course of nicotinic acid before surgery, as this reduces the time it takes to restore the normal structure of the skin after surgery. In addition, cosmetologists actively recommend taking nicotinic acid to people whose skin is dull, flabby and tired. In principle, any girl or woman can periodically take nicotinic acid to improve the condition of the skin.

This should be done according to a certain scheme. 10 days before the expected next menstruation, it is necessary to start taking nicotinic acid tablets at a dosage of 50 mg per day, and do this before the onset of menstruation. On the first day of menstruation, nicotinic acid is stopped. Then, nicotinic acid is drunk in the same way for another two menstrual cycles. The total duration of therapy with vitamin PP tablets is 3 menstrual cycles of 10 days each. Such courses can be repeated periodically, maintaining intervals between them lasting at least 2 months. In one course of application, unevenness on the skin is smoothed out, and acne and post-acne (even old ones) completely disappear.

Some time after taking nicotinic acid, a slight reddening of the face may appear, which is a normal reaction and is due to the expansion of blood vessels. The redness will pass quickly. However, it is precisely because of the effect of facial redness that many cosmetologists do not recommend the use of nicotinic acid, fearing that this will disappoint and scare away clients.

It is not recommended to apply a solution of nicotinic acid to the skin externally, as this can provoke its severe overdrying and severe redness with the formation of telangiectasias (spider veins). However, if there is a desire to conduct an experiment, then you can add 3-5 drops of a 1% solution of nicotinic acid in 50 ml of cream and apply the finished composition to your face.

Nicotinic acid for weight loss

and doctors consider nicotinic acid to be an effective means of accelerating the process of losing weight and making it easier to tolerate. However, you need to know that nicotinic acid itself does not contribute to weight loss, it only speeds up metabolic processes in the human body and improves mood. And therefore, vitamin PP will help to lose weight faster only for those people who comply

and do physical exercise.

Nicotinic acid in order to lose weight should be taken at 20 - 100 mg per day for 15 - 20 days at the same time as the diet. After that, you should stop taking nicotinic acid, but if necessary, the course of its use can be repeated after 1 - 1.5 months.

More about weight loss

Side effects Immediately after ingestion or injection of nicotinic acid, the following transient side effects due to the release of histamine may develop:

• Redness of the skin of the face and upper body;
• Sensation of tingling and burning in the area of ​​reddened skin;
• Sensation of a rush of blood to the head;
• Dizziness;
• Decreased blood pressure;
• Orthostatic hypotension with rapid intravenous administration (pressure drop when moving from a lying position to a standing or sitting position);
• Increased production of gastric juice;
• itchy skin;
• Hives;
• Dyspepsia (belching, heartburn, flatulence, etc.).

The above side effects caused by the release of histamine, as the body gets used to the action of the drug, completely disappear and do not bother the person until the end of the course of treatment.

With prolonged use of nicotinic acid, the following side effects may develop:

• Diarrhea;
• Anorexia;
• Vomit;
• Asthenia;
• Violation of the liver;
• Fatty degeneration of the liver;
• Ulceration of the gastric mucosa;
• Arrhythmia;
• Paresthesia (feeling of numbness or running "goosebumps");
• Hyperuricemia (increased levels of uric acid in the blood);
• Decreased glucose tolerance;
• Hyperglycemia (increased blood glucose levels);
• Increased activity of AsAT, LDH and alkaline phosphatase;
• Irritation of the gastrointestinal mucosa.

Contraindications for use Nicotinic acid is contraindicated for use in the following conditions or diseases:

• Increased individual sensitivity or allergic reactions to the components of the drugs;
• Exacerbation of peptic ulcer of the stomach or duodenum;
• Severe disease or abnormal liver function;
• Gout;
• Hyperuricemia (elevated levels of uric acid in the blood);
• Severe course of hypertension;
• Severe atherosclerosis (intravenous administration of nicotinic acid solutions is contraindicated).

Caution should be exercised when using nicotinic acid in the following diseases and conditions:

• Gastritis with high acidity;
• The stage of remission of peptic ulcer of the stomach or duodenum;
• Hepatitis;
• cirrhosis;
• Diabetes;
• The period of pregnancy and breastfeeding;
• hemorrhages;
• Glaucoma.

Reviews Reviews of nicotinic acid in most cases are positive (80 - 85%), which is due to a noticeable positive effect. Vitamin PP preparations are used in the complex therapy of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular diseases, and according to patients, they help maintain normal health and prevent the progression of pathology. In addition, there are positive reviews about the use of nicotinic acid in order to quit smoking. People note that taking nicotinic acid greatly facilitates smoking cessation, sometimes acting more effectively than specialized drugs intended for this.

Negative reviews about nicotinic acid are few and are usually due to the lack of the expected effect.

Nicotinic acid for hair - reviews

Almost all reviews of nicotinic acid for hair are positive, since the use of this drug improves their appearance, reduces the number of split ends and significantly accelerates growth. There are literally a few negative reviews and they are due to two main factors - the lack of the expected effect or allergic reactions.

Nicotinic acid - price

The cost of packing 50 tablets of nicotinic acid varies in pharmacies in Russian cities from 14 to 30 rubles, and the price of 10 ampoules of a 1% solution is 90 - 130 rubles.

ATTENTION! The information posted on our site is a reference or popular and is provided to a wide range of readers for discussion. The prescription of medicines should be carried out only by a qualified specialist, based on the history of the disease and the results of the diagnosis.

A nicotinic acid(for many it is associated with cigarettes, nicotine, and something very harmful), in fact, very useful. Moreover, this name hides vitamin B3 or niacin, also known as nicotinamide or PP. Regarding the latter, experts explain the name as deciphering a certain code - a pellagra warning.

Be that as it may, today it is already quite clear that this vitamin substance is very important and useful for the human body. Without it, it is impossible to maintain health and attractiveness. Read more: Blackberry leaves: useful properties, contraindications, benefits and harms.

After all, vitamin B3 is responsible for the health of the skin (about vitamins in psoriasis), although the beneficial properties of nicotinic acid also apply to the metabolic processes in the body.

The benefits of nicotinic acid

Niacin takes part in the redox processes occurring in your body, has a vasodilating property, takes part in tissue respiration, protein and carbohydrate metabolism, improves the secretion of gastric juice. Vitamin B3 is also indispensable for a healthy nervous system.

For the latter, he plays the role of an invisible guard, who is responsible for ensuring that you always keep yourself in control and do not lose your composure in any, albeit the most critical, situation.

Nicotinic acid helps prevent the occurrence of pellagra - a disease of rough skin. Without it, the processes of synthesis of genetic material and protein metabolism do not take place.

Today, vitamin B3 is also one of the most effective means when it comes to normalizing blood cholesterol, improving the functioning of the cardiovascular system and increasing blood circulation, lowering blood pressure and preventing cardiovascular disease.

The action of nicotinic acid

• the use of the drug according to the instructions normalizes metabolic processes and restores the structure of neural fibers well;
• drugs based on vitamin PP improve blood circulation in the cerebral cortex and the whole body;
• dilates blood vessels, thereby improving oxygen metabolism in the body;
• improves human immunity;
• promotes the elimination of toxins from the body.

Medicinal properties of nicotinic acid, indications for use

Use the drug Acidum nicotinicum, despite the fact that it belongs to the group of vitamins, should only be prescribed by a doctor. Often nicotinic acid is used for cosmetic purposes for hair, skin and the whole body. It can also improve vision and memory.

The main indications for the use of the drug nicotinic acid are:

• impaired vision;
• occupational intoxication, alcohol and food;
• deterioration of cerebral circulation, and blood supply to the limbs;
• ischemic stroke;
• noise in ears;
• manifestations of osteochondrosis;
• any form of hemorrhoids;
• disorders in the liver;
• impaired metabolism, especially lipid metabolism;
• pellagra (niacin deficiency);
• diabetes;
• increased acidity of gastric juice;
• migraine.

What distinguishes vitamin B3 from many drugs is its ability to supply oxygen to the blood and promote skin rejuvenation.

Daily need for nicotinic acid and products containing it

An adult needs 15-27 mg of nicotine per day for men, 13-20 mg for women. If necessary, it can be increased to 3-5 g per day, but only as directed by a specialist.

Children aged 6-12 months need nicotinic acid in the amount of 6 mg per day. From 1-1.5 years - 9 mg per day. From 2 years to 4 - 12 mg. From 5 to 6 years -15 mg. From 7 to 10 years - 17 mg. From 11 to 13 years old - 19 mg. From 14 to 17 years - 21 mg of the drug.

Among the products that contain vitamin PP, the leading positions are occupied by beef liver, then quail meat, pine nuts and black tea. Next come tuna, nutmeg, turkey, chicken and rabbit meat. Duck meat also contains nicotinic acid, but in an amount two times less than previous meat products.

Wheat porridge, mushrooms (champignons) and dry thyme contain nicotine in small quantities.

Nutritionists to compensate for the lack of this compound are advised to lean on buckwheat, fish, peas, dairy products, walnuts, eggs.

When heated above 100 degrees, the content of niacin in products decreases by 10-40%, depending on the time of heat treatment.

Symptoms of deficiency and overdose of nicotinic acid

The symptoms of a lack of a substance can be very different, from the appearance of spots on the face (similar to a sunburn), ending with blisters and blisters on the body, which can later leave scars on the skin. There may also be damage to the mucous membranes, including the tongue and gums. Perhaps a manifestation of general weakness and lethargy.

Often there are rashes on the skin of a dark red color, the skin becomes dry and rough. Frequent urge to the toilet (diarrhea about 10 times a day). Loss of appetite and weight loss.

Sometimes there is insomnia and decreased attention. Often, with a lack of nicotinic acid in the body, a person slows down thinking, memory deteriorates.

Symptoms that indicate a deficiency of nicotinic acid become more pronounced in the warm season, namely in spring and summer.

With an overdose of nicotinic acid, there may be a feeling of acute pain in the stomach, dizziness and nausea, clouding of consciousness, and even fainting. Sometimes there is a violation of vision and hearing.

Such symptoms are usually observed when taking nicotinic acid 500 mg or more once in its pure form. In case of an overdose of nicotine, you must contact an ambulance. And before her arrival, open the windows to ensure the flow of fresh air into the room. Give the victim water or milk to drink.

Nicotinic acid preparations

Nicotinic acid is produced in tablets and ampoules.

The tablet form of the vitamin is often used for the prevention and long-term treatment of many diseases. It is prescribed twice a year to patients suffering from poor circulation and venous insufficiency, with thrombophlebitis and trophic ulcers.

Taking nicotinic acid tablets is usually prescribed several times a day, 1 tablet each. Those who have increased acidity are recommended to take tablets after meals and drink milk or mineral water.

Why are nicotinic acid injections prescribed? Vitamin B3 injections are usually used by people with high acidity, and suffering from various forms of hemorrhoids and with impaired blood circulation.

Unlike tablets, injections do not irritate the gastric mucosa, and are evenly distributed throughout the body in the shortest possible time.

The liquid dosage form of nicotinic acid is administered in ampoules up to twice a day subcutaneously, intramuscularly or intravenously. It is recommended to take the drug in autumn and winter.

Contraindications to the use of nicotinic acid

• stomach ulcer;
• allergy to the components of the drug;
• you can not inject nicotine intravenously if a person is prone to jumps in blood pressure;
• gout, excess of the normal level of uric acid in the blood;
• atherosclerosis;
• cirrhosis of the liver;
• pregnancy and lactation;
• severe glaucoma;
• with bleeding in any location.

It is necessary to keep in mind the side effects of nicotinic acid:

• lowering blood pressure;
• short-term redness of the face or upper body;
• a quickly passing sensation of heat;
• with problems with the stomach, worsening of the situation;
• sometimes there is a short-term dizziness.

Adding cottage cheese to the diet facilitates the manifestation of "side effects".

How to take nicotinic acid

Unless otherwise stated directly by your doctor, nicotinic acid tablets are drunk three times a day after meals on a tablet (50 mg). The maximum single dose is 2 tablets (100 mg), daily - 300 mg. month course.

Injection drug is prescribed in a course of 10-14 procedures 1 or 2 times a day. Usually I repeat it twice a year if there are indications (treatment of osteochondrosis, for example).

With rapid intravenous administration, the sensations are similar to those that occur with the introduction of calcium chloride - fever, redness of the face, upper shoulders, chest. Feelings last for about 10-15 minutes.

Therefore, the drug should be administered slowly and after meals.

Electrophoresis with nicotinic acid

Electrophoresis is a therapy in which drugs are injected through the skin using weak electrical impulses.

Indications for the appointment of electrophoresis are: diseases of the spine and joints, respiratory tract, diseases of the gastrointestinal tract, genitourinary system, in violation of the motor functions of the body, as well as diseases in the field of dentistry. Quite a lot of drugs can be administered through the skin using electrophoresis. No exception and nicotinic acid.

The most popular prescription using nicotine is the Ratner prescription, in which a vitamin PP preparation is used in combination with aminophylline. This mixture is prescribed for the treatment of inflammatory processes in the body. Regular courses of electrophoresis - 10 procedures.

One of the main advantages of this method is the complete activation of the active substances and their introduction in an ionized form. Current pulses also increase the immune response to external stimuli. Electrophoresis with vitamin PP contributes to the accumulation of substances in cells, therefore, the effect persists for a long time.

Nicotinic acid for skin care

Nicotinic acid for the face is used in cosmetology to improve skin condition, treat acne and prevent early aging. The tool contains in its composition the substances necessary to maintain not only beauty, but also the health of the body.

Useful properties of the drug

Nicotinic acid for the face is a complex of vitamins of group B and PP. They play an important role in metabolic processes and affect the condition of the skin and hair. These substances are found in food, but most often they are not enough in the daily diet. Nicotinic acid has nothing to do with toxic nicotine from tobacco products.

After the age of 20 years, the need for vitamins PP and group B increases significantly. If up to 12-14 years old it is enough to use 10-13 mg per day, then by the age of 20 this figure reaches 20 mg per day. Therefore, by the age of 30, a constant lack of these trace elements begins to appear on the outside.

For cosmetic purposes, tablets and ampoules with the active substance are used. They are used internally and externally. The main useful properties of the drug:

• improves blood microcirculation, contributing to the active supply of nutrients to skin cells;
• helps to eliminate inflammatory processes;
• affects skin color, improving it, removes pigmentation;
• removes excess fluid from the body, relieves swelling of the face;
• protects from aggressive sunlight;
• participates in redox processes;
• promotes the production of a number of enzymes that affect the state of the dermis;
• participates in the synthesis of hormones necessary for skin health;
• normalizes the work of the sebaceous glands, eliminating acne;
• prevents the development of tumor neoplasms;
• restores elasticity and firmness to flabby facial skin, smoothes fine mimic wrinkles.

Substances that are the basis of nicotinic acid are also found in medicinal plants. There are many of them in sage, rosehip, ginseng, burdock root, hops and other natural "healers". The combination of herbal raw materials and a concentrated preparation enhances the therapeutic and cosmetic effect.

Rules for the use of nicotinic acid

Nicotinic acid for facial skin is used as an additive to various cosmetic products. It is added to masks, serums, lotions. When taking a complex of vitamins inside, one must strictly adhere to the recommendations of a doctor or cosmetologist. Tablets are taken in the usual way with water. A liquid drug in ampoules is injected into the body.

On average, the course of therapy is no more than two weeks. These vitamins are often prescribed in periods before and after plastic surgery, as they accelerate the process of tissue repair and help to quickly relieve inflammation of injured skin areas.

With an overdose of vitamins B and PP, unpleasant consequences can occur. Signs of excessive accumulation of these trace elements in the body are:

• skin rashes similar to allergies;
• redness of some parts of the body - hands, head, neck, chest;
• fainting;
• numbness of fingers and toes;
• dizziness;
• nausea.

There are no special contraindications to the use of acid as an additional ingredient in external agents. But, it should be treated with caution by those who suffer from allergic reactions.

Before trying out a complex of vitamins, it is advisable to test for skin sensitivity to its components. To do this, apply it to a small area of ​​​​skin on the arm and wait 20-30 minutes. If no reaction follows, then you can safely use nicotinic acid for cosmetic purposes.

Masks with nicotinic acid

For the preparation of masks, it is better to use vitamins in ampoules. They can be purchased at any pharmacy at an affordable price. Before applying the mask, the face is treated with a cleanser. The procedure should be carried out no more than 2 times a week.

Recipes for effective masks:

1. To improve the color and condition of the skin. 2 ampoules of vitamins, 1 tablespoon of ginger juice. Mix and apply on face with a cotton swab. Wash off with warm water after 20 minutes.
2. Whitening. 1 tablespoon of kefir, 1 teaspoon of acid. Stir, apply on the face, excluding the mouth and eyes. Wash off after 15 minutes.
3. Nutritious. 2 teaspoons of regular moisturizer, 1 ampoule of vitamins. Combine the ingredients into a homogeneous mixture and apply to the skin before going to bed. You may not rinse.
4. Moisturizing. 1 teaspoon of honey, 1 teaspoon of grape or olive oil, 1 ampoule of nicotinic acid. Combine honey with oil and heat in a water bath until a warm liquid state. Add vitamins to the mixture. Before applying, the face can be steamed so that nutrients penetrate deep into the epidermis through open pores. Keep the mask for 30-40 minutes, then rinse with warm water.
5. Cleansing. 10 grams of cosmetic clay (white or blue), 10 grams of lemon juice, 1 ampoule of vitamins. Dilute citrus juice with water in a ratio of 1:1. Mix it with nicotinic acid. Add clay, mix. You should get a consistency like sour cream. Apply to face for 30 minutes.
6. Pull-up. Take in equal proportions hyaluronic and nicotinic acids. Mix. Apply to skin with cotton pads. Wash off after 20 minutes with cool water.
7. From freckles and age spots. 1 tablespoon honey, 3 tablespoons lemon juice, 5 drops acid. Mix all. Apply to the face twice a day for 20 minutes for 7 days.
8. For aging dry skin. Take 1 teaspoon of glycerin, vitamin A, tocopherol, mineral water. Combine them in one cup and heat in a water bath. Add 1 ampoule of vitamins to the mixture. Soak a gauze pad with the product and apply on the face for 30 minutes. Cover your eyes with cotton pads.
9. Moisturizing and toning. Boil oatmeal in milk. Mix 1 tablespoon of cooked porridge with 1 tablespoon of softened banana and 10 drops of nicotinic acid. Distribute everything evenly over the face. Wait until the mask dries (20-30 minutes), then rinse off.
10. Anti-aging. 1 egg white, 1 teaspoon of honey, half a teaspoon of vitamins, 2 tablespoons of overripe banana pulp. Mix everything and apply on face for 15 minutes.

Nicotinic acid and acne treatment

Nicotinic acid is used in the treatment of acne, as well as during the recovery of the skin after an illness. Numerous reviews testify to the fact that the tool helps. To eliminate blackheads and blackheads based on the vitamin complex, you can prepare a variety of cosmetics.

Recipes for problem skin with inflammation:

1. Mask for oily problem skin. Mix 1 tablespoon of calendula with 1 tablespoon of birch buds. Pour them with water and boil until a strong broth is formed. Heat 1 teaspoon of coconut oil in a water bath. Mix 3 tablespoons of herbal decoction, oil and 1 ampoule of nicotinic acid. Soak a gauze or cotton pad in the mixture and apply on the face. When dry, repeat the steps until the mixture is finished.
2. Acne lotion. Pour 1 teaspoon each of nettle, sage and chamomile into a porcelain dish. Boil herbs in boiling water and leave for 30 minutes. Strain and add 2 ampoules of vitamins. Wipe face with lotion 2 times a day. Store in the refrigerator for up to 7 days. Read more: Shambhala: useful properties, contraindications, benefits and harms.
3. Acne mask. Mix 1 tablespoon of aloe juice and 2 ampoules of nicotinic acid. Apply to face with a cotton pad. Wash off after 20 minutes.
4. Mask for enlarged pores and blackheads. 2 dessert spoons of fresh low-fat cream, 1 teaspoon of lemon juice, 2 teaspoons of fresh raspberry pulp, 1 ampoule of vitamins. Mix everything well and apply on face for 15-20 minutes.

Recently, in the vastness of Runet, you can increasingly observe the hype around vitamin B3, also known as vitamin PP, niacin, nicotinamide or nicotinic acid. How did he deserve such increased attention to “his person”, because he is only one of the many B vitamins. What is its effect on the body and what the pharmaceutical industry can offer - nicotinic acid use and contraindications.

The action of nicotinic acid

Vitamin PP is a water-soluble vitamin and is involved in all metabolic processes in the body. Its deficiency leads to such a disease as pellagra (one of the beriberi), the main symptoms of which are diarrhea, inflammatory skin diseases, dementia (acquired dementia).

Nicotinic acid enters the body with food, so its replenishment largely depends on a balanced diet. Food of animal and vegetable origin should be consumed: meat, offal (liver, kidneys), eggs, dairy products, fish, buckwheat porridge, legumes, nuts, rye bread, fruits and vegetables.

Already in the body, nicotinic acid, in the process of complex chemical transformations, turns into nicotinamide, which is involved in redox reactions. It affects all types of metabolism - protein, fat, carbohydrate. But nicotinic acid has a special effect on fat metabolism, for which it is often called a hypolipidemic vitamin. Thanks to her, cholesterol returns to normal: the level of “bad” decreases and “good” increases.

It promotes the expansion of small blood vessels, thereby improving blood circulation. This, in turn, has a positive effect on the urinary and biliary tract, reducing congestion in the kidneys and liver.

Nicotinic acid has a number of irreplaceable properties and is widely used in medicine. But, despite this, she also has contraindications that must be taken into account.

Nicotinic acid indications and use

The drug nicotinic acid has a whole spectrum of action on the human body, so it is used for many diseases. First of all, we can note the following positive impact:

Normalizes metabolic processes in the body;

Improves microcirculation and blood supply, including the brain;

Expands small blood vessels, increases blood activity;

Influencing blood vessels, improves oxygen metabolism and normalizes oxidative processes;

Has a detoxifying effect.

As a therapeutic agent, the drug is indicated for use in the following conditions or diseases:

Pellagra;

Violation of lipid metabolism leading to obesity;

Decreased visual acuity;

Osteochondrosis;

Diseases of the hepatobiliary region;

Prolonged stress;

Spasms of the vessels of the extremities;

Diabetes mellitus and its complications;

Neuritis of the facial nerve;

various intoxications.

Quite often, nicotinic acid finds non-standard applications. It is used in cosmetology to improve and rejuvenate the skin, as well as a tool that can strengthen hair and activate their growth. This is not surprising, since vitamin PP improves blood circulation, stimulates hematopoiesis, promotes the outflow of excess fluid from their body, i.e. provides some sort of drainage.

Nicotinic acid can often be found in the composition of cosmetic products for the care of the skin of the face, body and hair. Being a component of anti-cellulite products for the body, it contributes to a rapid warming effect and intensive burning of body fat.

Contraindications

The drug is available in the form of powder, tablets or solution for injection. Each case has its own dosage and there are slight differences in contraindications. Before using the drug, you must read the instructions.

For the introduction of the drug intravenously or intramuscularly, contraindications are:

Hypersensitivity to nicotinic acid;

Ulcer of the stomach or duodenum (in the acute stage);

Atherosclerosis;

Hyperuricemia;

Gout;

Cirrhosis of the liver, hepatitis;

Decompensated diabetes mellitus.

Not contraindicated, but can be used with caution when:

Glaucoma;

Ulcer of the stomach or duodenum (outside the stage of exacerbation);

hemorrhages;

Hyperacid gastritis;

arterial hypotension;

During pregnancy and lactation;

Children's age.

Side effects

While taking nicotinic acid, side effects are possible, which eventually disappear. Usually, 20 minutes is enough to normalize the condition. Reaction to the drug:

The rush of blood provokes redness of the face and upper half of the body. There may be a slight burning or tingling sensation. The occurrence of a headache is not ruled out;

Intramuscular injections are painful, and with the rapid administration of the drug, a sharp decrease in blood pressure and dizziness are possible;

Prolonged use of the drug can cause fatty liver, asthenia, decline in glucose tolerance.

As a special indication, in order to prevent complications on the liver, when using nicotinic acid tablets or administering it as an injection, it is recommended to consume foods rich in methionine, such as cottage cheese. As medicines, methionine, lipoic acid or similar lipotropic drugs are used.

It interacts with other drugs, so read the instructions before use.

Do not forget that even the use of vitamins can adversely affect health. As a prophylactic or for therapeutic purposes, but before using it, you should consult a specialist.

Tags: Nicotinic acid use and contraindications

Nicotinic acid can have a variety of effects on the human body. This allows you to use it for the treatment of many diseases of the circulatory system, stomach and intestines, as well as ailments that develop against the background of atherosclerosis and pellagra.

Participation of the drug in metabolic processes

Nicotinic acid is actively involved in all metabolic processes - in protein, fat, and carbohydrate. This happens for the reason that it is part of those enzymes that accelerate oxidative and reduction reactions.

Particularly active drug affects the metabolism of fats. It favors lowering the level of cholesterol in the blood (especially "bad"), which contributes to the formation of plaques in the blood vessels. The amount of useful organic compound, which is actively involved in metabolic processes, is also able to increase nicotinic acid. Indications for the use of this drug for these reasons are as follows: most of the ailments that develop against the background of atherosclerosis, for example, obliterating endarteritis (blockage of the arteries of the periphery), ischemic disease of the brain and heart.

Acceleration of blood flow

Among other things, nicotinic acid has an expanding effect on capillaries (small vessels). This promotes a rush of blood and improves the supply of blood to various organs. Thus, nicotinic acid is able to accelerate the process of tissue regeneration, healing of ulcers and wounds. Indications for the use of this drug in this case: many ailments of the intestines and stomach during remission (between exacerbations).

Prescribing a drug

First of all, the drug helps in the treatment of pellagra. This disease develops due to a deficiency of nicotinic acid. In this case, metabolic disorders occur, which lead to damage to the skin, as a result of which its itching, swelling, and redness are observed. Also, with pellagra, the work of the intestines, stomach (including the tongue suffers), and the brain are disrupted (the result is dementia). In the case of a slight development of the disease and the absence of severe consequences for the central nervous system, nicotinic acid therapy is quite effective.

Treatment of diseases of the stomach and intestines

For the treatment of what other pathologies is nicotinic acid used? Indications for the use of the drug may be the following - a variety of ailments of the intestines and stomach. Namely:

In all these cases, the use of nicotinic acid is permissible only during the period of remission (not during moments of exacerbation). Particular care must be taken when using this drug in the treatment of peptic ulcer, as it can accelerate the secretion of gastric juice during an exacerbation. As a result, vasodilation is possible, which leads to complications of ailments and bleeding.

Malabsorption syndrome

There are also such diseases of the intestines and stomach, which significantly reduce the rate of absorption of food components and nicotinic acid by the small intestine. This pathology is called "malabsorption syndrome". It accompanies many diseases that develop in the gastrointestinal tract. With this syndrome, nicotinic acid is introduced into the body intravenously or intramuscularly.

Lack of acid

It happens that a deficiency of nicotinic acid is observed in the body in case of malnutrition. A constant menu based on one type of product, the absence of animal proteins, fruits, vegetables in the diet does not make it possible to saturate the systems and organs of the body with a sufficient amount of it. In this case, the drug is administered orally or as an injection.

Also, a deficiency of nicotinic acid is observed due to severe infectious diseases, accompanied by a significant increase in body temperature due to a prolonged inflammatory process. In this case, the drug is prescribed only outside the period of exacerbation. In case of chronic cirrhosis of the liver or hepatitis, nicotinic acid is not consumed.

Other pathologies

In what other cases is nicotinic acid used? Indications for use may be as follows:

1. Atherosclerosis and ailments associated with it - endarteritis obliterans, ischemic heart disease. The use of acid accelerates cholesterol metabolism, dilates blood vessels, improves blood supply to tissues and organs.
2. Trophic ulcers and wounds. Nicotinic acid promotes rapid tissue regeneration and healing.
3. Restoration of the normal functioning of many organs. The drug in this case acts as a vitamin.

Nicotinic acid side effects

It is permissible to take the drug no more than 6 grams per day. For a better perception of nicotinic acid by the body, it should be consumed only after meals and washed down with warm drinks. At the initial stage of therapy with this drug, it is necessary to control the level of glucose in the blood. Kidney function should also be monitored to detect acid.

Sometimes the drug is poorly perceived by patients, sometimes there is reddening of the skin and hot flashes. The reason for this is an increased synthesis of prostaglandins, disorders in the gastrointestinal tract, hyperuricemia and a decrease in the response to glucose. For this reason, not every organism can perceive effective, but large doses of nicotinic acid (from 3 to 5 grams per day).

Toxic effect of the drug

This long-acting drug rarely causes serious liver toxicity. Therefore, long-term use of nicotinic acid implies control of the functioning of this organ. This effect of the drug on the liver is due to its methylation. Before the hepatotoxic effect of nicotinic acid begins to manifest itself, the level of lipids in the blood decreases sharply.

Hypovitaminosis

Long-term use of nicotinic acid in large quantities leads to the displacement of ascorbic acid from the body. This phenomenon is called hypovitaminosis. To prevent it, additional administration of drugs is considered appropriate.

Other deviations

When using nicotinic acid, the following deviations can also be observed:

1. Increasing the level of acidity of the juice in the stomach (exacerbation of the ulcer).
2. Hyperglycemia.
3. An increase in the frequency of atrial arrhythmias in patients with coronary artery disease (rare, but possible).
4. The appearance of brown spots with a velvety cover on the skin (acanthosis).
5. Puffiness (rather rare side effect).

All of these symptoms are rather unstable and disappear after stopping the use of nicotinic acid.

The price of the drug

How much does nicotinic acid cost? The price in Russian pharmacies ranges from 10.90 rubles. for 50 tablets at a dosage of 0.05 grams. The maximum cost is approximately 81 rubles for 10 ampoules of the drug at a dosage of 10 mg / ml.