Scabies where does it come from. Scabies: where does it come from - Medical portal of Primorsky Krai. Causes of the disease

Scabies is a common disease, although it is becoming less common, and it is more typical for disadvantaged people living on the street. However, outbreaks of scabies are noted even in schools, so you should not be surprised by a sudden infection, especially considering this problem as something shameful.

Where does scabies come from

Scabies is a highly contagious disease caused by the scabies mite. As a rule, infection occurs as a result of direct household contact with the patient through his toys, bedding or underwear, as well as towels and dishes. For adults, the sexual route of infection is possible. The incubation period of the disease is 10 days.
There is a connection between the risk of disease and the emotional state of a person - people in a depressed state are more susceptible to tick infection.

Symptoms and their photos

The disease itself is manifested by severe itching. As a rule, it is very difficult to control oneself, especially for children. Therefore, they often scratch their skin to wounds that are superimposed by a secondary bacterial infection. Thus, inflammation develops, sometimes even purulent. As for treatment, the doctor should deal with it. There are cases when people, feeling embarrassed, tried to self-medicate, bringing their body to a serious condition. Believe me, traditional medicine in this case can be used as an auxiliary, but by no means as the main treatment.

The initial stage of scabies between the fingers

Most often, scabies begins between the fingers and on the hands, or on the abdomen.

More advanced stage of scabies on the hands

Treatment

After making a diagnosis, the doctor will select special preparations that should be applied to the entire body with massaging movements. The only exception is the skin of the face. The frequency of its use depends on the brand and type of product. It is important to undergo prophylactic treatment with the prescribed drug for all family members in order to avoid infection.

It is also necessary to carry out a complete and thorough disinfection of the patient's housing and places where he often visited. All laundry should be boiled. And those things that cannot be washed must be packed in thick plastic bags, having previously released air from them, and taken out for several days in the cold. Or treat them with a remedy that the doctor will advise.

It is important to start treatment in a timely manner - at the first signs, you should consult a doctor. Otherwise, it can take a very long time.

Dermatologists diagnose at least one case of scabies every day. What does this mean for you personally? - No one is immune from acquaintance with scabies. The initial stage of scabies is interesting - it somehow goes unnoticed by the patient. And only after a few weeks, or even months, the patient's family receives a "surprise".

How do you get scabies

The scabies mite looks like a small blind turtle, but it does not cause tenderness: the female itch digs a hole right in the skin of a person in order to lay eggs in your native dermis and bring out the larvae. Ugh?

The scabies mite has a great appetite and is extremely promiscuous in "connections": it equally loves men and women, adults and children. He is not even attracted solely by filth and poverty: prosperous citizens also cause a healthy appetite in the itch.

Houses of risk

And yet, under certain conditions, the tick spreads faster. These are places where a large number of people live or communicate closely:

• barracks (very often, by the way);
• prisons;
• nursing home:
• social centers for disadvantaged people;
• municipal hospitals;
• boarding schools, etc.

Contrary to the belief that the tick is transmitted only through skin-to-skin contact, infection through objects occurs very often. Unfair, but the staff of these establishments are also infected. As well as people who visit friends and relatives.

Schools, kindergartens, holiday camps, camp sites and other institutions become breeding grounds for the same reason. Especially if there is bad hygiene, or there is a child in the team who is deprived of parental attention, and the staff perform their duties poorly.

New member of your family - Tick

Traditionally, one of the family members comes to the dermatologist and is terribly surprised, frightened when the doctor asks to bring all relatives for examination. Alas, infections with scabies in the family are frequent, let's say, regular cases.

Husbands and wives infect each other in bed, through shared objects. Kids also love to soak up with their parents under the same blanket, pick up phones, remote controls, towels, doorknobs, books ...

If scabies is diagnosed in any of the family, the rest of the household should definitely see a doctor and take a course of prevention. Particular attention is paid to the disinfection of the premises.

What causes scabies? Most often they become infected through contact with a sick person. But infections through objects are also not uncommon, despite the fact that the Internet is full of articles refuting this.

Incubation period: happy ignorance

If it is a re-infection after a short time, the symptoms appear earlier. The reason is that the body reacts faster and stronger to a repeated allergen.

The beginning of scabies in the photo is a vivid example of how carefully the tick begins to act.

"Where does scabies start?"

Knowing the route of infection, it is easy to assume where scabies begins. If through objects or, say, a handshake, for the first time a rash appears on the hands. The itch especially likes the folds between the fingers: there the skin is softer, the holes are more protected.

If during sex, first pours out in the groin, on the genitals, in the area of ​​​​the mammary glands. In these places, protected by clothing, itching is even more comfortable: the right temperature, humid environment make it ideal for staying in your skin.

Localization of scabies. memo

Symptoms: when it's too late to be afraid ...

How does scabies start in adults? Here are the symptoms that indicate that you have picked up a tick:

• Itchy skin. In especially sensitive people, the very movement of the tick causes itching, tickling under the skin. After a couple of weeks, the waste products of the tick accumulate in the skin, and an “itch” of an allergic nature occurs.
• Strange formations appear on the skin: pimples, crusts, inflammation, scratching, blisters.
• The wounds are located in 2 rows: this is the entrance and exit from the hole. They are connected by a curved subcutaneous line - a passage, a hole.

See photos of scabies at the initial stage in this article.

Different types of scabies

With different forms of the disease, the symptoms are different:

1. Incognita. Where does clean scabies begin? The patient may not notice the infection much longer than in a typical case. Because of the love of hygiene, some of the mites are washed off the skin, inflammation is much less, itching is either weak or absent. The doctor prescribes additional tests to sort it out.
2. Norwegian. These are colonies of ordinary itching that cover the entire body of the patient. People with weak immunity, adherents of bad habits, are covered with crusts from head to toe. Norwegian scabies does not itch. But the patient is highly contagious.
3. Pseudo scabies. It starts quickly, passes quickly, moreover, on its own. It happens when a tick crawls from the skin of an animal to the skin of a person. Alien itch cannot reproduce. When he dies, scabies goes away, the symptoms disappear on their own.

Rush in the treatment of ticks

How to treat scabies at an early stage?

We recommend that you do nothing until your skin is seen by a dermatologist. Sometimes inexperienced doctors confuse scabies with other skin diseases. The symptoms must not be blurred. Remember the scabies of the clean!

When the diagnosis is made, you will surely receive the coveted leaflet with the doctor's prescriptions.

Please note: young children, pregnant and lactating women need a special approach. You can not prescribe them drugs on their own or on the recommendation of a pharmacist.

Video. Scabies - symptoms, signs, treatment

Doctor of the highest qualification category. I have completed higher education at the Vladivostok State Medical Institute with a degree in dermatology. Experience in the field of cosmetology and dermatology - 15 years. I regularly attend international master classes, and I am also a regular participant in international congresses and symposiums.

Today, medicine has established exactly how you can get scabies. Symptoms of scabies in humans are expressed by itching and papulovesicular rashes. Constant scratching leads to infection and the appearance of pustules.

The mechanism of the development of the disease

The most characteristic areas for tick damage are:

• skin between the fingers and from the sides;
• wrists;
• forearm;
• elbow bends;
• skin of the abdomen;
• inner thighs;
• buttocks;
• sexual organs.

A disease can appear only from one source - a sick person, with direct contact. Infected with scabies mite only during the surface stay on the skin of young females and larvae.

The disease is anthroponotic in nature and is caused by a constant type of pathogen with a predominant direct route of transmission. Outbreaks of the disease are accompanied by long wars, social upheavals, rampant natural disasters, since it is during these periods that a significant displacement of the population, a recession in the economy and a deterioration in living conditions are observed.

How infection occurs

• scabies during the day is almost not active. On the skin it can be found only in the evening or at night;
• to go deep into the skin, the tick needs about half an hour;
• being in the external environment, the tick loses its activity for a short time and dies.

There are many ways of transmission of scabies.

contact way

Here is how scabies is transmitted from person to person: infection by contact (“skin to skin”) is the most common transmission of the pathogen. In this case, most often the disease is transmitted through children's and sports games, handshakes, hugs, etc.

In half of the cases, infection occurs during sexual contact at night. It is during the dark time of the day that the activity of the pathogen is most maximal.

The defeat of family members may be sequential or simultaneous. The appearance of a new patient is observed after 2-4 weeks. With regular invasive contact, the interval decreases. In addition, young children are more susceptible to scabies.

Also, the disease often affects groups and societies where people have to contact for days: in the army, prisons, hospices, children's institutions, hostels, boarding schools, psychiatric hospitals.

Disease outbreaks occur in crowded places, such as work collectives, kindergartens and schools. This is facilitated by direct contacts between people, provided that someone is a carrier of the infection.

Contact-household route of infection

The transmission of scabies in this way is quite rare (in 13% of cases), due to the rapid death of the mite in the external environment.

Psychological reasons

Nervous scabies appears on the scalp, on the limbs and in the anus. The skin begins to redden, blisters, swelling and piloerection form. A nervous illness is poorly treated, as it appears due to personal characteristics and character traits. Delayed treatment leads to a chronic form of the disease.

Nerve scabies is not contagious and is treated with sedatives.

Transmission of scabies through animals

Pseudosarcoptosis is a lesion of the human dermis by a scabies mite through animals, resulting in scabies. It can be any domestic animal. Symptoms are similar to the disease when exposed to the mite Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis. In this case, a short incubation period of development is found. Scabies are not observed, but there are urticarial papules covering open areas of the skin. Pseudosarcoptic mange is not contagious through human contact and passes quickly because the mites do not have time to produce normal offspring on human skin. Treatment is provided with anti-scabies drugs. Self-healing occurs when the source is removed.

Prevention

The existing opinion that scabies is inherent in unscrupulous and low-income people. Social status and inadequate human hygiene do not play a decisive role in the occurrence of the disease. The impossibility of developing immunity to scabies leads to the possibility of its occurrence an unlimited number of times. Knowing how scabies is transmitted, you can protect yourself from this disease as much as possible.

Scabies is a serious disease. Its long incubation cycle (from several days to weeks), the ability of the tick to survive for a long time outside the skin, lead to the rapid spread of the disease. Sometimes the route of infection for scabies is simply impossible to determine.

Persons who have been exposed to infection from a single focus require joint treatment. A person in contact with a sick person should carry out preventive treatment of the dermis. The procedure is provided with anti-tick drugs.

Prevention of scabies includes personal hygiene and minimal use of other people's things that should not be taken. But even these measures only reduce the risk of the disease, but do not exclude it.

If you suspect a lesion of the skin with a scabies mite, it is necessary to undergo timely diagnosis and an adequate course of treatment. When carrying out these activities, the risk of infection of surrounding people will be minimized.

Scabies mite (itch): treatment and prevention. Where does the scabies mite come from

Scabies mite in humans: symptoms and treatment

Everyone has probably heard of a skin disease called scabies. But not many people know how this disease generally occurs, and how dangerous it is for humans. Meanwhile, the causative agent of this infection in humans is the scabies mite. It penetrates under the skin, feeds in the human body with blood and actively multiplies. Such an insect can cause you a lot of harm. In addition, the sensations with the course of the disease are not very pleasant. How to cure such a disease, and how to protect your body in order to prevent the development of such a serious pest?

Few people know what a subcutaneous scabies mite looks like in humans. However, it is advisable for everyone to get acquainted with this information if you want to quickly eliminate the manifestations of this disease. What is the scabies mite that lives on the human body? Itching (another name for a tick), as it has already become clear, penetrates under the skin, creates passages for itself and begins to actively function and multiply. As a result, a person infected with scabies develops a rash on the body, and the patient himself suffers from unbearable itching for days, which only intensifies with the onset of night.

• the male grows half the size of an adult female;
• the pest breeds directly on human skin;
• it is noteworthy that after the female is fertilized by the male, he dies;
• this insect contains specific salivary enzymes that can even dissolve skin keratin. Thanks to these characteristics, the mite forms its own passages under the skin, which causes you a rash and severe itching;
• in one night, an adult is able to lay 2 to 4 eggs. At the same time, for each subsequent masonry, the pest will look for new places on your skin;
• three days later, a larva appears from the egg, which immediately begins to fully function;
• it will take just a couple of weeks for the larva to turn into an adult capable of laying eggs;
• the lifespan of one itch is about a month and a half. But the worst thing is that during the time that the pest lives in the human body, it is able to lay about a hundred testicles.

Knowing how long the scabies mite lives, what life features it has, and how specifically it can harm a person, you will certainly prevent the development of scabies or draw up a clear plan to cure such a disease.

Symptoms of the scabies mite

Saliva, eggs, scabies mite feces should all prompt you to see a dermatologist as soon as possible, as these are direct symptoms of scabies. However, before identifying the scabies mite in a person and prescribing treatment, it is also necessary to establish which specific representative you are dealing with.

Among the most common varieties of scabies mites are:

• symptom of Ardi. For the most part, purulent crusts form on the elbows and on adjacent skin areas;
• Gorchakov's symptom. It manifests itself mainly in the same areas, but in this case you will notice not a purulent crust, but a bloody one;
• Michaelis symptom. Bloody crusts and a rash appear on the crease between the buttocks.

In some fairly advanced cases, the eggs of the scabies mite, or rather the irritation that appears on the skin of a person in response, may be accompanied by another type of dermatitis. With such a complication, it is much more difficult to cure the disease, but it is still possible. The main thing is to provide full treatment as soon as you identify the signs of a tick-borne disease. And for this you need to know at what temperature the scabies mite dies, and what is recommended to be done to eliminate it.

Diagnosis and treatment of the disease

Once your worst fears are confirmed, you need to start treatment. If the disease is not eliminated in time, your body will not cope with it on its own. The condition of a person infected with scabies will only worsen. In addition, this disease can be transmitted. Therefore, if you do not want to infect other people, by all means take up treatment.

Among the most effective drugs for scabies are:

• benzyl benzoate emulsion. This is a thick white ointment, which shows almost the highest efficiency in the treatment of scabies. It is characterized by a slight odor. Immediately after applying the ointment to the skin, a person feels relieved, and the mites themselves die after a day;
• spregal. Aerosol, after application of which it is worth refraining from water procedures for 12 hours;
• permethrin. This emulsion is allowed to be used even for the treatment of children of six months of age. In most cases, it will be enough to treat the child's skin once before going to bed;
• crotamione. This remedy is applied even to the skin of two-month-old children without any particular fears, since it not only quickly copes with scabies mites, but is also absolutely safe for infants.

Some prefer to use folk methods. This is a good alternative to pharmaceutical drugs. Bread kvass, bay leaf, celandine, tomato oil - all this will speed up the healing process.

Remedies

Scabies mite outside the human body is not too dangerous. But as soon as it penetrates the skin, you can no longer avoid health problems.

If the scabies mite in a person showed symptoms, it's time to see a doctor not only for you, but also for your loved ones. In most cases, the whole family is treated for scabies. Preventive treatment will also be needed for those who have somehow come into contact with the infected. Pay special attention to the disinfection of clothing, bed linen, and objects that the person affected by scabies has generally touched.

In this video, you will learn about the symptoms of scabies and the scabies mite.

parasite.guru

4 features of the scabies mite: symptoms, infection, prevention

Some in childhood or even at an older age had to deal with an unpleasant condition when unbearable itching of the skin on the hands, especially between the fingers, occurs.

History of scabies mite discovery

Scabies was described by ancient Greek doctors.

But only after the invention of the microscope was it possible to discover and describe it.

This was done in 1867 by the Italians Giovanni Cosimo Bonomo (doctor) and Diacinto Cestoni (pharmacist).

They were able to prove the relationship between microscopic mites and symptoms of scabies.

A more reliable and complete description of the causes of scabies was made in 1844 by the German doctor F. Gebra involved in dermatology.

Lice tar soap is a fairly effective remedy that can be easily used to treat pediculosis in children.

What a bed bug looks like, and how to deal with this pest in the house, you can learn in detail from this article.

Conditions for the scabies mite

The scabies mite is a small arthropod less than a millimeter in size.

So, the female tick that causes infection in humans (the scientific name of the species Sarcoptes scabiei) has a size of 0.3 - 0.4 mm.

A tick can live only in the skin, feeding on its cells.

The cells of the upper, keratinized layer are too hard for it and inedible.

Gnawing through the passages under the skin, at the same time feeding on the cells, the scabies mite leaves behind whitish straight or winding strips, translucent under the skin.

These moves can be seen upon close examination of the affected areas of the skin under a magnifying glass.

Moving inside the skin is not easy. But the itch has special suction cups on the front legs, thanks to which it is held in a certain position.

The life span of the female is short - no more than 1.5 - 2 months. But in her short life, she manages to lay her eggs in the gnawed passages in the amount of several dozen.

Mite fertility depends on the season. Its peak falls on the autumn period and the beginning of winter (September - December).

Just at this time of the year in the temperate zone of Russia, outbreaks of scabies are most often observed.

Subsequently, larvae appear from the eggs, which, after going through a series of developmental stages, become adults in 10-15 days and crawl out to the surface of the skin.

There, the males fertilize the females and die, and the females penetrate back into the skin, where they begin to lay 2-3 eggs a day in the side branches of the passages.

Therefore, if you do not carry out treatment, the infection captures all new areas of the skin.

The microscopic mite prefers tender parts: the skin between the fingers, the elbows, the armpits, but their subcutaneous passages can also be found in other localizations.

Most often, however, the infection affects the hands, since infection most easily occurs through the hands.

The cause of itching, often unbearable, is the activity of the mite under the skin.

Gnawing through the moves, it irritates the nerve endings, which causes the corresponding sensations.

In the daytime, the female is inactive and does not move (day rest period), and in the evening and at night it becomes active and begins to gnaw through the skin. It is at this time of day that patients feel itching.

Often the disease is complicated by an allergic reaction of the body, but in this case, the cause of the itching may already be an allergy.

As a rule, the localization of affected areas on the hands and itching are the main clinical signs of scabies.

But not always the symptoms and signs are characteristic.

There are cases with an atypical clinic: mild itching or its complete absence, uncharacteristic localization.

Such clinical symptoms can lead to a diagnostic error. Laboratory tests are required to make an accurate diagnosis.

The human scabies mite has an oval, almost round shape, four short jointed legs and long, sparsely located thin villi on the body.

Such structural features allow us to say with confidence about the presence of infection with the scabies mite Sarcoptes scabiei.

This scabies mite in humans can occur quite often, especially in crowded places (schools, camps, hostels) and where the rules of personal and public hygiene are not observed.

Therefore, prevention is an effective measure that can significantly reduce the likelihood of infection.

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See folk remedies for scabies, which allows you to get rid of an unpleasant ailment.

At what temperature do scabies mites die?

The usual preventive measures are:

1. regular hand washing;
2. exclusion of contact with infected people and animals;
3. heat treatment of bed linen.

For proper heat treatment, you need to know at what temperature the scabies mite dies.

In hot water (+60°C) mites die in an hour, at higher temperatures, for example, when boiling, they die immediately.

Therefore, an effective prevention of scabies will be both regular hand washing and washing clothes in hot water, as well as ironing them.

Ironing with a hot iron and steaming on both sides is already an almost one hundred percent guarantee that the scabies mite, if any, will be destroyed.

At room temperature, mites outside the human body die within a few days.

This explains the predominant transmission of infection by contact (90% of cases).

And only occasionally can infection be transmitted indirectly, through objects.

How not to get scabies

Transmission occurs in a domestic way, more often through direct contact (for example, through a handshake).

The way to prevent scabies is to follow hygiene rules, such as regular hand washing, keeping rooms clean, washing clothes in hot water (as we know, not lower than plus 60 degrees) and ironing.

Read also:

noguests.com

Scabies mites in humans: symptoms, treatment

The female tick is much larger than the male

Life cycle features

The process of fertilization occurs on the surface of human skin. The male dies, and the female lays microscopic eggs. It happens like this:

At high magnification, you can see the subcutaneous passages

From the moment of laying eggs to the new penetration of females, about 14 days pass. Each female secretes a special substance that loosens the epidermis. The female tick lives up to two months, digging more and more new moves. The main places of localization of the tick are in the armpits, on the elbows, between the fingers, in contrast to the facial tick, which affects various areas on the face.

Signs of illness

Rapid identification of signs of scabies itch disease will allow faster treatment. The main symptom of infection is itching. In some cases of scabies, itching may be unexpressed, and the location of the mite may be atypical. The incubation period after contact with a patient with scabies is from a week to one month.

On closer examination, other symptoms can be seen on the skin - dry crusts and scales, black dots of passages covered with bloody crusts. In very clean people, it is almost impossible to notice the moves, which makes it difficult to diagnose the disease.

In children, the skin even on the feet is affected

The clinical picture of scabies in an adult and a child is different. In a baby, moves can even be located on the feet and palms, rashes appear on the stomach, the nail plates are affected.

Main varieties

It is not only scabies that can cause scabies. It can be transmitted from dog, chicken, bird pot-bellied, cheese ticks. But most often, scabies occurs from scabies itch and is classified into the following types:

• Norwegian (or cork). Rare variety. Appears in HIV-infected patients and people with tumors and is associated with a weakened immune system. Symptoms: there is no itching, but there are foci of hyperemia (redness) all over the body.
• "Scabies" cleanliness. Characteristic symptoms: the absence of a large number of rashes, but the itching is very strong.
• Nodular. Main symptoms: red-brown nodules appear on the skin, located under scabies mites.
• Eczematous. Such scabies is a consequence of the development of eczema against the background of the main infection.

Various types and symptoms of the disease require a thorough diagnosis in order to determine how to treat scabies in humans.

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Diagnosis of the disease

A more modern way to identify scabies is to conduct a laboratory analysis using lactic acid. It is applied to the itch area for several minutes, then the epidermis is scraped off at the site of application, transferred to the glass and the study is carried out.

Diagnosis can be difficult due to pyoderma - strong scratching of the skin, when there is no visual visibility of ticks, and the entire affected area is covered with scratches and abrasions.

With severe itching, a person scratches the skin, which causes bleeding abrasions and redness.

Methods of treatment

An effective low cost product

For children, the concentration of the active substance in the emulsion is 10%, for adults - 20%. Apply to a cleanly washed body, after diluting benzyl benzoate with water and crushed soap (870 ml of warm boiled water and 20 g of soap). Rub the mixture for 10 minutes into the affected area, then a 10-minute break and re-rubbing. It is impossible to take a shower during treatment for three days, after which the session is repeated.

Available in aerosol form for easy application

You can use various sulfur-containing ointments for treatment (as prescribed by a doctor!), Spregal medicine. Ointments with permethrin, crotamiton, lindane are effective. The body cannot cope with the disease on its own. The longer treatment is delayed, the more people will be infected.

Prevention measures

Good hygiene will prevent infection

To ensure that people in contact with the sick person are not exposed to infection, the following actions must be taken:

• All items for personal use, bed linen, towels, the patient should be separate, you need to sleep on a separate bed.
• Bedding, underwear, clothes after washing must be treated with a hot iron - ticks and eggs die.
• In a house where there is a patient with scabies, frequent wet cleanings are carried out using disinfectants.
• Once a tick has been detected, measures must be taken to disinfect everything that the sick person comes into contact with.
• Be sure to consult a doctor so that the specialist prescribes the correct treatment.

Scabies can overtake even the most accurate and clean person, infect members of his family and friends. To prevent this, you do not need to be ashamed of going to the doctor. Treatment of the disease and disinfection measures should be carried out at the same time in order to prevent the infection of a large number of people with the scabies mite.

vredinfo.ru

Scabies mite in humans treatment, symptoms

How does a scabies mite appear in a person, the treatment of scabies - these issues are within the competence of a dermatologist. No matter how many diseases a person is exposed to, and even such a small creature as scabies, it can provoke a dangerous and highly contagious disease - scabies.

How does a person get scabies mites?

The female, already fertilized, goes under the skin again to produce new offspring, while the males soon die. But sometimes the female finds herself a new victim, where the whole process takes place in a similar way. That is, we can assume that the clinical picture is caused only by females.

Scabies mite under a microscope

1. violation of sanitary and hygienic standards
2. contact with an infected person.

The scabies mite often affects those with diabetes.

When the scabies mite appeared, people have the following symptoms:

Favorite places for ticks (where these pathologies occur) are those where thin skin is located, that is, the stomach (the most affected areas are the area around the navel), palms (interdigital areas), elbow pits, feet, buttocks, external genital organs and milk glands.

The head and neck are usually not affected, but infants may be attacked by the tick in these areas as well. By the way, even if scabies is concentrated at any point, the characteristic symptom - itching - can occur anywhere.

If a person who observes all the rules of hygiene has been infected, he will experience the smallest manifestations of the disease, that is, there will not be too many rashes, and itching will not disturb him so much at night.

Nodular scabies is distinguished by a hyperergic immune response. In this case, the manifestation of the disease is that nodules appear on the skin that have a reddish-brown tint and are located under the passages. They are resistant to antiscabiosis therapy. Scabies crusting is an immunodeficiency condition when crusts appear on the skin. This is considered the most dangerous manifestation of the disease, since in fact they are desquamated scabies mites. In this manifestation of the disease, due to the reduced reactivity of the immune system, the manifestations of scabies are very weak, for example, such a sign as itching is absent.

But you can still define the disease:

How to treat scabies

You need to see a doctor as soon as possible to cure the disease and not spread the infection.

Remedies for scabies

There are many drugs that help to ensure that a person has scabies as quickly as possible. Sulfur ointment is used, rubbing it into the skin, but excluding the head. The process may take five days. The ointment has excellent qualities, but the smell is very unpleasant; when using it, there are allergic reactions. Aerosol Spregal can also be used to treat all skin, except for the head. Before starting treatment, you need to study the instructions in great detail in order to know exactly how to use this drug.

Also effective drugs for scabies:

1. benzylbenzoate,
2. permethrin,
3. Lindane.

Itching can sometimes last for several weeks, and this is a clear indication of an allergic manifestation of scabies.

Doctors do not recommend folk remedies to treat the disease. Preventive measures include all hygiene procedures, heat treatment of linen and things, disinfection with special aerosols. Scabies mites can appear in cats and dogs and be transmitted to humans, so animals should be vaccinated against this disease - this is the main preventive measure. The most typical infection occurs during contact with a sick animal. During a walk, the scabies mite that appears in dogs passes to its owner, and after about 10 days, the first symptoms of scabies can be felt. In pets, the appearance of ticks can be noticed if they itch, combing the skin to wounds, or have areas of skin with bald patches and inflammation.

poklopu.ru

Scabies mite: treatment for itching

What is scabies itch?

The female scabies mite reaches a length of 0.3-0.4 mm, the male is approximately 0.1 mm. You can only see it under a microscope. It is the female that causes the disease, the male is only needed for fertilization, after which he dies. After fertilization, the female penetrates the epidermis of the skin, where she makes scabies and lays eggs in them.

The tick has slightly protruding oral cavities, on the sides there are 4 pairs of legs. The front pair of legs is equipped with special spikes, with the help of which the itch penetrates the human skin. Lives and reproduces in two layers of the skin - grain (for nutrition) and horny (for reproduction).

A female can make a scabies course of 0.5-2 mm per day. On the surface of the skin, its movements are much more active - 2 cm per minute. Making a move in the epidermis, the female sequentially lays oval-shaped eggs, about 2-3 eggs a day. Its life cycle is approximately 30 days.

A week later, larvae 0.15-0.1 mm in size begin to hatch from the eggs. Unlike the adult, the larvae have 3 pairs of legs. The maturation of the larva to an adult takes place in papules formed on the skin. Then adults rise to the surface of the skin, are fertilized and the process is repeated again.

Symptoms of scabies

On the human body, the tick penetrates into those places where there is thin and delicate skin. In most cases, this is the skin between the fingers, elbows, armpits, groin, abdomen, chest, lateral surface of the chest, etc.

The clinical picture of the disease depends on the maturity of the individual, as well as the degree of effectiveness of the human immune system. If the infection occurred through an adult female, the main symptoms will appear within a day, when infected with a larva, symptoms may appear after 4-5 days.

Typical symptoms of scabies mite action:

• Intolerable skin itching, which tends to intensify in the evening / night. This is because the tick is most active at night.
• White-gray linear and dotted passages 5-7 mm long with a characteristic papule at the end of the line.
• Skin scratches.
• Purulent weeping crusts.
• The main places of rashes are the area between the fingers, the inguinal zone, the abdomen, buttocks, and mammary glands.

Scabies is not always characterized by the main clinical signs. So, cleanliness scabies is manifested by minimal rashes and slight itching, which is less pronounced and practically does not bother at night.

The next non-standard form of scabies is "nodular", characterized by an allergic reaction to the action of a tick in the form of the formation of reddish-brown nodules at the site of tick passages. It should be noted that the nodules are resistant to antiscabiosis therapy.

An atypical clinical picture has "crustal scabies", which is characterized by the appearance of crusts on the affected areas of the body. It is considered one of the most contagious forms of the disease, since the crusts are nothing more than desquamated scabies mites. Due to the fact that crusted scabies is characterized by low reactivity of the immune system, the main symptoms of the disease are mild or absent. Despite this, there are the following striking features:

• When the scalp is affected, the hair acquires an ash-gray tint, becomes dry, dehydrated and very brittle.
• Painful removal of crusts from the surface of the skin.
• The main places of defeat: elbows, knees.
• Nail plates may be affected (their compaction, discoloration are observed).

Diagnosis for suspected scabies

Diagnosis of the disease begins with a visual examination of the skin. Then the necessary tests are given - laboratory diagnostics, which consists in microscopy of scrapings taken from the affected areas. Scraping is necessary to detect the tick and its larvae, as well as waste products.

The sooner you consult a doctor for timely therapeutic measures, the sooner you will get rid of scabies and take all necessary preventive measures to avoid secondary infection.

Scabies in a child

Scabies that affects the children's body has its own characteristics. So, in a child, almost all areas of the skin can be affected - these can be areas of the scalp, sole, palms, face, etc. In some cases, the nail plates are involved in the process. They become brittle, loose with a changed color.

The main clinical picture of the disease in childhood is a bit like weeping eczema, which is treated in a special way. Often in younger children, the disease is not immediately recognized, which leads to the development of a secondary infection.

Most often, it is necessary to diagnose scabies in a child based on the collected history, visual examination of the skin, and an analysis is taken to detect scabies itch (scraping from the affected skin).

Treatment of the disease

One of the popular remedies for the treatment of scabies is Spregal aerosol. It is a complex drug that can be used for children and adults. You can treat with an aerosol all parts of the skin, in addition to the head. The recommended course of treatment - the spray is applied, not washed off for 12 hours, the procedure is repeated for 2 days (in some cases, the treatment lasts 4 days). After taking a shower, changing bed / underwear.

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Itching cannot be seen without magnifying devices, so it is enough with direct contact with the skin of an infected person. Where does the scabies mite come from and how to remove it?

There is an itch on the oval body 4 pairs limbs, between the front pair are the oral organs.

The size of the females is 0.3-0.5mm, male ticks are half the size. The female lays eggs of an oblong shape, the length of which does not exceed 0.2mm. The larvae of the tick that were born have a rounded shape and a white color.

Life cycle of itch

The mites mate on the surface of the human epidermis. The males then die, and the fertilized females make their way under the skin to lay eggs.

Tick ​​saliva contains enzymes that dissolve human skin keratin. A person does not feel itching bites, since the effect on the nerve endings is minimal.

What causes painful symptoms? Itching of the skin is the result of the reaction of the human immune system to the waste products of ticks: excrement, dead bodies, and so on.

After molting on 3-5 day a teleonymph appears, from which for about Day 5 an adult tick develops (female or male). No more is spent on the entire process of growing up itching 2 weeks.

Under the most favorable conditions, the tick is not able to live outside the human body for more than three days.

The first signs of infection

Usually not accompanied by a bright clinical picture. After infection with ticks, a person does not notice unpleasant symptoms for a long time.

As soon as the population of individuals increases enough, the following complaints appear:

How is the disease transmitted?

Clinical picture

Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor Gandelman G. Sh.:

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There are several ways to get scabies:

Many medical sources contain information about the indirect infection with scabies itch through objects of common use. However, modern research is increasingly confident that this information is classified as a myth.

Symptoms of scabies do not appear immediately, so an already infected person visits public places, contacts with relatives, which leads to outbreaks of the disease in the immediate environment.

Damage

When scratching is infected, diseases that are difficult to treat occur:

• Pyoderma is dangerous with suppuration, a long course and the appearance of scars on the skin.
• Microbial eczema appears when microbes or fungi penetrate the wounds. The most common causative agent is streptococcus.
• Persistent redness of the affected areas of the skin (hyperemia) occurs due to wounds and abrasions and leads to increased blood flow in the area of ​​​​inflammation.

Treatment

The technique for the presence of itching is as follows:

1. The doctor examines the lesions using a special magnifying device, a dermatoscope.
2. A thin needle is inserted into the site of the supposed location of the female tick in the subcutaneous passage. The resulting sample is examined under a microscope.
3. Moves are detected using iodine or ink (ink test). After staining, dark lines appear on the skin, indicating scabies.
4. Lactic acid is applied to the affected area of ​​the skin, which loosens the upper layers. Then a scraping is taken and the tissue is examined under a microscope.

Systematic therapy allows you to cope with scabies in a short time. The following recommendations must be followed:

1. Not only a person with obvious signs of scabies is treated, but also everyone who has been in close contact with him for 14 days.
2. The patient is forbidden to visit public places, children's institutions, enterprises. In the apartment he is isolated from the rest of the family. All items and things used by a person infected with scabies are subjected to heat treatment.
3. During treatment, underwear and bed linen are not changed.
4. applied not only to the affected area, they treat the entire skin, including the head.
5. Swimming during treatment is not allowed.

Basic drugs

An overview of medicines for the treatment of scabies:

The following drugs are used for treatment:

1. , Permethrin, Ivermectin, Lindane- local preparations. Ointment (lotion, spray) is applied twice with a three-day break. This is necessary in order to kill the mites that have emerged from the eggs.
2. Antihistamine medicines allow you to eliminate itching and unpleasant burning sensation.
3. An infection associated with scabies is treated with antibiotics ( Ampiox, Cefalexin, Gentamicin).

Knowing at what temperature the tick dies, they process all household items and personal belongings of the patient. At 60°C ticks can live no longer 1 hour, and when boiled, they die instantly.

Therefore, all things are boiled or steamed. Boiling should also be used as a prophylaxis for scabies, for example, for bed linen for general use in sanatoriums, hospitals, trains.

What does the forecast depend on?

Fascinating about the scabies mite in the video:

The prognosis for recovery from scabies depends on the number of mites living on the body, as well as on the body's immune response. With strict adherence to doctor's prescriptions, scabies can be eliminated on average in 4 days.