How to inject with ceftriaxone. Treatment with ceftriaxone. Stages of preparation of novocaine solution of Ceftriaxone

In the absence of immunity, or weakened immunity, in old age, this drug is not recommended to be taken. My mother is 80 years old, she was prescribed and these factors were not taken into account, after taking 4 injections, we almost lost her, a terrible fever began, pressure dropped, vomiting began, her whole body was covered with a continuous blister, especially her legs, it seemed that she had been doused with boiling water and still cooked and it started and proceeded for 20 minutes. Then the doctors admitted that she could not take this drug precisely because of the above factors. Two weeks have already passed, the correction is moving very, very weakly, but now she cannot walk, she has completely weakened.

I was prescribed this antibiotic by a gynecologist. diluted with lidocaine and after the third day of using this medicine she began to feel unwell, dizziness and severe weakness appeared. a doctor I know told me that in some people the combination of this antibiotic and lidocaine causes the heart to start beating more slowly and advised me to dilute it with novocaine. Is it possible?

Now I have already been given three injections every 12 hours, they are diluted with novocaine. The temperature is -36.2.

Interesting people. Everyone writes whether it hurts or not. But about the effect of this drug? They gave only 2 injections, in the morning and in the evening, I already feel improvement. They prescribed 10 days. Then I’ll write.

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Should bronchitis be treated with ceftriaxone injections?

Treatment of bronchitis will be effective only in the case of correctly selected medications. If it is established that the cause of the disease was a bacterial infection, then antibiotics cannot be dispensed with. Modern pharmacy offers a huge range of antibacterial drugs, but how to choose an effective and relatively safe remedy? If injections are recommended for the treatment of bronchitis, then ceftriaxone is the antibiotic of choice.

Features and pharmacokinetics

With bronchitis, injections of this antibiotic for adults are not prescribed so often, since it has a strong effect. This drug belongs to the category of bacteriostatic drugs that do not completely kill bacteria, but affect their metabolism, disrupting normal life.

Due to the fact that the active substances of the drug have a pronounced effect, it is available only in the form of a powder, which is diluted for injection. If it comes into contact with mucous membranes or skin, it can cause severe irritation, and in some cases it can cause burns. Ceftriaxone injections are used for bronchitis in adults intramuscularly, intravenously and in the form of droppers.

The drug belongs to the third generation of antibiotics of the cephalosporin group. Once in the focus of inflammation, it inhibits the synthesis of the bacterial cell wall. This leads to their inability to grow and multiply, which in turn localizes inflammation and eliminates it.

Ceftriaxone injections are prescribed when bacteria such as:

various types of staphylococci;
streptococci;
acinetobacter;
morganella;
Neisseria;
proteus.

Injections do not make sense when infected with viruses, as well as methicillin-resistant staphylococci, group D streptococci and enterococci. This is due to the fact that they are resistant to the effects of this drug.

After administration, it quickly spreads with the blood throughout the body. The bioavailability of the drug is 100%. In adult patients, 55% of the drug is excreted through the kidneys unchanged after two days. And the remaining 45% is transformed in the intestine into an inactive metabolite.

Dosage and dilution rules

To choose the optimal dosage of ceftriaxone for the treatment of bronchitis in adults, only a doctor who knows the course of the disease, who relies on data from patient studies and analyzes, will be able to choose. There are standard doses and admission requirements, which are not recommended to be violated:

in the treatment of bronchitis, ceftriaxone must be diluted as for intramuscular injection;
lidocaine may be added to the solution to eliminate pain during the administration of the drug. In case of excessive burning sensation, local anesthesia is allowed. It is also allowed to dilute the drug with a large amount of injection water;
dosage for children under 12 years of age should not exceed 80 mg / kg of body weight per day;
the maximum dosage for adults and children over 12 years old is 4 g per day;
a dosage of more than 50 mg / kg is recommended to be administered through droppers for half an hour;

in the presence of acute kidney failure (10 ml / min), the daily administration of the drug should not exceed 2 g.

In order for ceftriaxone injections to act quickly and give a positive effect, the drug must be properly diluted:

solutions for injection must be prepared immediately before the procedure;
for an intramuscular injection, 500 mg of ceftriaxone should be dissolved in 2 ml of purified injection water. It is recommended to add 3.5 ml of 1% lidocaine to 1 g of the finished drug. In one muscle of the buttocks, it is necessary to inject no more than 1 g of the prepared solution;
for an intravenous injection, 500 mg of the drug is diluted in 5 ml of injection water. The resulting medicine must be administered very slowly, it is desirable that the procedure takes about 4 minutes;
for droppers, 2 g of ceftriaxone is diluted in 40 ml of solutions such as sodium chloride (0.9%), dextrose or glucose (5-10%), levulose (5%);

the composition prepared for injection can retain its properties for no more than 6 hours.

Reception features

Treatment of bronchitis with ceftriaxone requires a certain approach and compliance with certain rules.

The introduction of the drug can provoke anaphylactic shock, which requires emergency care. Therefore, manipulations by non-medical personnel should not be allowed. In the presence of severe renal and hepatic insufficiency, it is recommended to constantly monitor the concentration of the drug in plasma.

It is strictly forbidden to drink alcohol while taking ceftriaxone, as this leads to the appearance of such phenomena as cramping abdominal pain, vomiting, decreased pressure, shortness of breath. If the drug is prescribed for the elderly, then it will not be superfluous to take vitamin K in parallel.

The use of the drug in combination with antiplatelet agents can cause bleeding. It is strictly forbidden to use the medicine along with any other antibacterial medicines.

Contraindications and side effects

It is strongly not recommended to prescribe ceftriaxone injections for the treatment of bronchitis in adults in case of:

hypersensitivity to the ingredients of the drug;
high susceptibility to antibiotics of the penicillin, cephalosporin group and carbapenems;
enteritis and colitis.

The drug is well tolerated in most cases. However, if the rules of admission are not followed, the development of side effects can be observed:

migraines and dizziness;
kidney dysfunction, increased urea concentration, oliguria, hematuria;
abdominal pain, nausea, vomiting, bloating and flatulence, stomatitis, diarrhea, dysbacteriosis, changes in taste sensations;

anemia, thrombocytopenia, neutropenia, thrombosis, granulocytopenia;
nosebleeds, disturbances in prothrombin time;
allergic skin rashes, fever, edema, serum sickness, bronchospasm, anaphylactic shock;
candidiasis and other superinfections;
phlebitis, pain along the course of the drug in the vein, at the injection site.

Ceftriaxone during pregnancy and lactation

If during pregnancy there is an urgent need to treat bronchitis with antibiotics. then therapy should be carried out only if the positive effect of the drug exceeds the likely negative consequences. It is also possible to administer when the life of the mother is threatened, but it is not recommended to use it in the first trimester of pregnancy.

Ceftriaxone is able to penetrate into breast milk, so for the duration of treatment it is necessary to stop feeding the baby. Even a slight ingestion of the drug into the baby's body can cause irreparable health problems.

The drug "Ceftriaxone" belongs to the 3rd generation cephalosporins. The agent is produced in the form of a powder for the preparation of a solution. To conduct a course of treatment, you need to know how to properly prepare a solution for injection.

How to prepare a solution of "Ceftriaxone"

Ceftriaxone is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. To dilute the powder, you will need an anesthetic - "Lidocaine" (1%), in some cases - sterile water for injection. Water for injection is used if intravenous administration of Ceftriaxone is necessary or if the patient develops an allergic reaction to Lidocaine.
To dilute 1.0 g of Ceftriaxone, you need to draw 3.5 ml of a 1% solution of Lidocaine into the syringe, then move the disk located in the very center of the aluminum cap on the medicine bottle to the side. The rubber stopper should be wiped with a cotton swab dipped in alcohol. After that, the cork is pierced with a syringe, and the solvent is introduced into the vial. Then the medicine must be shaken vigorously several times so that the powder is completely dissolved.
In pediatrics, for the treatment of children, "Ceftriaxone" is bred as follows. First, they take part of the water for injection, dissolve the powder in it, and then add Lidocaine in the required amount (for example, 2 ml of anesthetic should be taken for 3 ml of water for injection), after which an injection is given. The solution of the drug is injected into the upper part of the buttock.

Intravenous administration of "Ceftriasone" should be carried out by a nurse.

What you need to know about "Ceftriaxone"

You should be aware that "Ceftriaxone" and "Lidocaine" can cause allergies, so you need to test for sensitivity before using the funds. For this purpose, small scratches are made on the inside of the forearm and a small amount of the drug is applied, each separately. There is no hypersensitivity if after 5-10 minutes the skin does not become red. For dilution of "Ceftriaxone" it is not recommended to use "Novocain", as it reduces the effectiveness of the drug and increases the risk of developing anaphylactic shock.

You can not mix the solution of "Ceftriaxone" with other antibiotics, since it may crystallize, as well as increase the risk of allergic reactions.

You can not store the prepared solution of "Ceftriaxone" for more than six hours, because during this period of storage the antibiotic begins to break down, and its effectiveness decreases sharply. If it is necessary to use the drug during lactation, breastfeeding should be stopped for the duration of treatment: Ceftriaxone penetrates into the mother and may adversely affect the infant (for example, it may develop dysbacteriosis).

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02.06. / Reply

Good article. I agree that using a 1% solution of lidocaine to dilute cephalosporin antibiotics, an optimal result is achieved between the safety and efficacy of the antibiotic. Lidocaine is a fairly powerful analgesic, which is confirmed by numerous clinical studies and many years of experience in medical practice. Relating to the second generation of analgesics, lidocaine effectively eliminates pain at the injection site when the antibiotic is administered intramuscularly. While the analgesic properties of lidocaine are widely known, it is also good when used as a solvent for antibiotics, including cephalosporins. Due to its chemical structure, it effectively binds to the substance and dissolves the antibiotic completely, leaving no flakes or other residues. It must be remembered that before using lidocaine, it is necessary to consult with your doctor for individual intolerance. Good health to you!

Ilya

13.07. / Reply

Thanks for the interesting article. I absolutely agree with the statement that only lidocaine should be used as a solvent for cephalosporin antibiotics. Since intramuscular injections cause discomfort at the injection site, unpleasant pain, the best choice for dissolving cephalosporin antibiotics is Lidocaine at a concentration of 1% 3.5 ml. This concentration ensures effective dissolution of the antibiotic, a powerful analgesic effect when administered intramuscularly. For comparison, Novocain has a less pronounced analgesic effect (4 times weaker than Lidocaine), and the frequency of adverse allergic reactions during its use occurs 3 times more often. Lidocaine belongs to the second generation of drugs, so it is more effective and well tolerated. Before use, consult with your doctor. Good health to you!

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Ceftriaxone is a broad-spectrum antibiotic from the group of III generation cephalosporins. It has a bactericidal effect, that is, it kills pathogenic flora. It is used in the treatment of infections of various organ systems:

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in pulmonology in the treatment of bronchopneumonia;
in general surgery for the treatment of erysipelas of the skin;
in dermatovenereology to combat gonorrhea;
in urology and nephrology in pyelonephritis.

Ceftriaxone

Ceftriaxone should be diluted with novocaine according to certain rules.

Release form and solutions for antibiotic dilution

Like most antibiotics, the active ingredient in Ceftriaxone is not supplied as a ready-made solution, but as a slightly yellowish or white crystalline powder. It is placed in transparent glass bottles with a rubber stopper and an aluminum cap. This is done for reasons of preserving the activity of the active substance - ceftriaxone. The powder is easily soluble in water (dissolution time should be no more than 2 minutes according to the standard), very slightly - in ethanol. The resulting substance varies in color from light yellow to amber, it depends on the shelf life, the type of solvent used and the concentration of the drug.

Novocaine

The drug is dispensed from pharmacies in vials of 0.25, 0.5, 1 or 2 grams in the form of sterile Ceftriaxone sodium salt. The most common dosage is 1 g. The instructions for medical use of the drug say that this medicine can be administered exclusively parenterally: intravenously or intramuscularly. Once in the body in one of these ways, the drug is completely absorbed, bioavailability is 100%. The powder is allowed to be diluted with water for injection or anesthetics (Lidocaine, Novocaine). These are common liquids for diluting antibiotics. The choice of solution depends on the way the drug enters the body. If a doctor writes a prescription for ceftriaxone for intramuscular injection, then it is acceptable to use any of these solutions. If the medicine must be administered intravenously, then the only liquid allowed is water for injection. Lidocaine and Novocaine are strictly prohibited for this.

Features of ceftriaxone injections

The preparation procedure is simple. Knowing the precautions and important aspects in the technology of dilution and use of the antibiotic, it is possible to correctly prepare the composition of the desired concentration.

The good news is that both Ceftriaxone and the sterile diluent for it are easy to buy at a regular pharmacy with a doctor's prescription.

Almost all patients note that Ceftriaxone injections are extremely unpleasant and painful, especially when dissolved in water for injection. Moreover, negative sensations will accompany both the process of drug administration itself and will persist for some time after the manipulation. Therefore, it is much better to dilute the drug with painkillers to facilitate the tolerance of the injection.

Painful injection of ceftriaxone

One of the permitted solvents is a 0.5% solution of Novocaine. You can also use 1 or 2% Lidocaine solution. Doctors' opinions about the best basis for the medicine are still divided. It should be noted that, according to some scientific data, Novocaine can somewhat reduce the severity of the action of Ceftriaxone, and increase the risk of developing anaphylactic shock in a patient. But still, when administered, it relieves pain quite well in comparison with ordinary water for injection.

Before the introduction of a full dose of the drug, it is worth doing a test for the tolerance of Ceftriaxone and the anesthetic used. To do this, you need to make a couple of small scratches on the skin of the inside of the forearm and apply a few drops of Ceftriaxone and Novocaine separately on them. If a person has a high sensitivity to one or both components, then the skin at the site of application of the drugs will turn very red after 5-10 minutes, swelling and local itching may occur. If everything is fine and there is no allergic reaction to any of the drugs in the solution, then proceed to the procedure.

General rules for the preparation and administration of Ceftriaxone solution for injection

Ceftriaxone dilution is essentially no different from making other antibiotic solutions. The standard requirements for the preparation of a solution for injection are as follows:

Slow injection of the solution

The substance is prepared immediately before use.
The required amount of the drug in powder and a sufficient amount of solvent are taken.
During the injection, the following condition must be observed: you can not inject more than 1 g of the antibiotic into one buttock.
The drug is injected deep intramuscularly (almost the entire length of the 5 ml syringe needle) into the upper outer quadrant of the buttock.
Ceftriaxone is infused very slowly during the injection.
The finished solution is used exclusively for a single injection, if only part of the contents of the vial is used up for injection, the remainder is always thrown away.
The solution of the drug remains stable in physical and chemical properties for 6 hours at room temperature, after this time the drug must be disposed of.

The quantitative ratio of Ceftriaxone powder and Novocaine will depend on the concentration of the final solution, according to the recipe.

Dosage is determined by the doctor

For intramuscular administration, 0.25, 0.5 or 1 g of the antibiotic in the prepared solution can be used. The dosage is determined by the attending physician. In this case, the doctor takes into account the following factors: the type and severity of the pathology, the age of the patient, the duration of the disease.

To obtain 1 g of the finished product, it is necessary to add 5 ml of 0.5% Novocaine from the ampoule to the vial with 1 g of Ceftriaxone powder. If you reduce the volume of anesthetic, then there is a risk that the antibiotic will not be able to completely dissolve and large particles of the drug will get stuck in the lumen of the needle.

Stages of preparation of novocaine solution of Ceftriaxone

Necessary actions to obtain a solution:

First you need to prepare everything you need: Ceftriaxone lyophilisate in a glass bottle of 1 g or 1000 mg, ampoules with a 0.5% solution of Novocain (1 ampoule is 5 ml), a 5 ml syringe, sterile balls and gloves, medical alcohol.
Wash hands with soap, dry, put on medical gloves.
Open the syringe package, break off the glass top of the Novocain ampoule, bend the aluminum "window" in the central part of the antibiotic vial cap.
Wipe the rubber stopper of the Ceftriaxone vial with an alcohol-based cotton ball.
Draw 5 ml of Novocaine into a syringe.
Pass the needle through the stopper and slowly pour the anesthetic solution into the bottle.
It is enough to shake the vial vigorously until the powder disappears completely.
Draw the required amount of the prepared solution into the syringe.

Thus, a solution with a concentration of Ceftriaxone of 1 g or 1000 mg will be obtained.

To get other dosages of the antibiotic, you need to follow the same steps, but take other proportions of the drugs:

to prepare 0.5 g or 500 mg of the substance, take 0.5 g of powder and 5 ml of Novocain;
to obtain 0.25 g or 250 mg, 0.5 g of powder and 10 ml of Novocaine are needed, then half (5 ml) of the resulting solution is drawn into the syringe.

Use of medicine in children

For intramuscular use in children, the drug is most often diluted with sterile water for injection, since the use of Ceftriaxone with Novocain can lead to the development of a severe anaphylactic reaction. The limited use of pediatric anesthetic requires extremely slow and careful administration of the antibiotic to minimize pain during the procedure.

Dilution Chart for Ceftriaxone for Intramuscular Injection

Ceftriaxone

Doctors often prescribe the antibiotic Ceftriaxone to fight bacterial infections. How to properly dilute it and in what solutions depends on the presence of allergic reactions in a person and on the method of administration of the drug. All this is determined by the doctor. It is important to follow his instructions exactly. If the drug is prescribed in the form of intramuscular injections, then the pain of the injection can be reduced using an anesthetic, in particular Novocaine.

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In the article, we will talk about diluting the antibiotic Ceftriaxone with a solution of Lidocaine 1% and 2% or water for injection for adults and children in order to obtain an initial dosage of the finished solution of the drug 1000 mg, 500 mg or 250 mg. We will also analyze what is better to use for diluting the antibiotic - Lidocaine, Novocaine or Water for injection and what better helps relieve pain during the injection of the finished solution of Ceftriaxone.

These questions are the most common, so now there will be a link to this article so as not to be repeated. Everything will be with examples of use.

In all instructions for Ceftriaxone (including drugs under a different name, but with the same composition), it is 1% Lidocaine that is recommended as a solvent.

1% Lidocaine is already contained as a solvent in the packages of such drugs as Rosin, Rocefin and others (the active ingredient is Ceftriaxone).

Advantages of Ceftriaxone with a solvent in the package:

no need to separately buy a solvent (figure out which one);
the necessary dose of solvent has already been measured in the solvent ampoule, which helps to avoid mistakes when drawing the right amount into the syringe (no need to figure out how much solvent to take);
in the ampoule with the solvent there is a ready-made solution of 1% lidocaine - you do not need to dilute 2% lidocaine to 1% (it can be difficult to find exactly 1% in pharmacies, you have to dilute it with additional water for injection).

Disadvantages of Ceftriaxone with a solvent in the package:

the antibiotic along with the solvent is more expensive in price (choose what is more important to you - convenience or cost).

How to breed and how to inject Ceftriaxone

For intramuscular injection, 500 mg (0.5 g) of the drug should be dissolved in 2 ml (1 ampoule) of a 1% solution of Lidocaine (or 1000 mg (1 g) of the drug - 3.5 ml of Lidocaine solution (usually 4 ml is used, since this is 2 ampoules of Lidocaine 2 ml each)). In this case, it is not recommended to inject more than 1 g of the solution into one gluteal muscle.

The dosage of 250 mg (0.25 g) is diluted in the same way as 500 mg (250 mg ampoules did not exist at the time of writing this instruction). That is, 500 mg (0.5 g) of the drug should be dissolved in 2 ml (1 ampoule) of a 1% solution of Lidocaine, and then put into two different syringes, half of the finished solution.

So let's summarize:

1. 250 mg(0.25 g) of the finished solution is obtained as follows:

500 mg (0.5 g) of the drug should be dissolved in 2 ml (1 ampoule) of a 1% solution of Lidocaine and draw the resulting solution into two different syringes (half of the finished solution).

2. 500 mg(0.5 g) of the finished solution is obtained as follows:

500 mg (0.5 g) of the drug should be dissolved in 2 ml (1 ampoule) of 1% Lidocaine solution and draw the resulting solution into 1 syringe.

3. 1000 mg(1 g) the finished solution is obtained as follows:

1000 mg (1 g) of the drug should be dissolved in 4 ml (2 ampoules) of a 1% Lidocaine solution and draw the resulting solution into 1 syringe.

How to dilute Ceftriaxone with 2% Lidocaine solution

Below is a plate with dilution schemes for the antibiotic Ceftriaxone with a 2% solution of Lidocaine (2% solution is found in a pharmacy more often than a 1% solution about the dilution method that we have already discussed above):

Abbreviations in the table: CEF - Ceftriaxone, R-l - solvent, V injection - water for injection. Below are examples and explanations.

Example

The child was prescribed a course of injections of Ceftriaxone twice a day, 500 mg (0.5 g) for 5 days. How many vials of ceftriaxone, solvent ampoules and syringes will be needed for the entire course of treatment?

If you bought Ceftriaxone 500 mg (0.5 g) (the most convenient option) and Lidocaine 2% at the pharmacy, you will need:

10 vials of ceftriaxone;
10 ampoules of lidocaine 2%;
10 ampoules of water for injection;
20 syringes of 2 ml (2 syringes for each injection - we add the solvent with one, we collect and inject with the second).

If you bought Ceftriaxone 1000 mg (1.0 g) at the pharmacy (did not find ceftriaxone 0.5 g) and Lidocaine 2%, you will need:

5 bottles of Ceftriaxone;
5 ampoules Lidocaine 2%
5 ampoules of water for injection
5 syringes of 5 ml and 10 syringes of 2 ml (3 syringes for preparing 2 injections - we add the solvent with one, we collect the required volume with the second and third, immediately with the second prick, put the third in the refrigerator and prick after 12 hours).

The method is acceptable provided that the solution is prepared immediately for 2 injections and the syringe with the solution is stored in the refrigerator (freshly prepared solutions of ceftriaxone are physically and chemically stable for 6 hours at room temperature and for 24 hours when stored in the refrigerator at a temperature of 2 ° to 8 ° C ).

The disadvantages of the method: an injection of an antibiotic after storage in the refrigerator may be more painful, the solution may change color during storage, which indicates its instability.

The same dosage of Ceftriaxone 1000 mg and Lidocaine 2%, although the scheme is more expensive, but less painful and safer:

10 vials of ceftriaxone;
10 ampoules of lidocaine 2%;
10 ampoules of water for injection;
10 syringes of 5 ml and 10 syringes of 2 ml (2 syringes for each injection - one (5 ml) we add the solvent, the second (2 ml) we collect and inject). Half of the resulting solution is drawn into the syringe, the rest is discarded.

Flaw: treatment is more expensive, but freshly prepared solutions are more effective and less painful.

Now popular questions and answers to them.

Why use Lidocaine, Novocaine to dilute Ceftriaxone and why not use water for injection?

To dilute Ceftriaxone to the desired concentrations, you can also use water for injection, there are no restrictions here, but you need to understand that intramuscular injections of the antibiotic are very painful and if you do this on water (as they usually do in hospitals), then it will hurt a lot like with the introduction drug, and some time after. So it is preferable to use an anesthetic solution as a dilution agent, and use water for injection only as an auxiliary solution when diluted with Lidocaine 2%.

There is also such a moment that it is not possible to use Lidocaine and Novocaine due to the development of allergic reactions to these solutions. Then the option of using water for injection for dilution remains the only possible one. Here you will already have to endure pain, since there is a real chance of dying from anaphylactic shock, Quincke's edema, or getting a severe allergic reaction (the same urticaria).

Also, Lidocaine cannot be used for intravenous administration of an antibiotic, only STRICTLY intramuscularly. For intravenous use, it is necessary to dilute the antibiotic in water for injection.

What is better to use Novocaine or Lidocaine for antibiotic dilution?

Novocaine should not be used to dilute Ceftriaxone. This is due to the fact that Novocain reduces the activity of the antibiotic and, in addition, increases the risk of a patient developing a deadly complication - anaphylactic shock.

In addition, according to the observations of the patients themselves, the following can be noted:

pain with the introduction of Ceftriaxone is better removed by Lidocaine than by Novocaine;
pain during injection may increase after the introduction of not freshly prepared solutions of Ceftriaxone with Novocaine (according to the instructions for the drug, the prepared solution of Ceftriaxone is stable for 6 hours - some patients practice the preparation of several doses of Ceftriaxone + Novocaine solution at once to save antibiotic and solvent (for example, solutions of 250 mg of ceftriaxone from a powder of 500 mg), otherwise the residue would have to be thrown away, and for the next injection, use a solution or powder from new ampoules).

Is it possible to mix different antibiotics in one syringe, including with Ceftriaxone?

In no case should a solution of ceftriaxone be mixed with solutions of other antibiotics, because. its crystallization or increase in the patient's risk of developing allergic reactions is possible.

How to reduce pain when administering ceftriaxone?

It is logical from the above - you need to dilute the drug on Lidocaine. In addition, the skill of administering the finished drug also plays an important role (you need to administer it slowly, then the pain will be small).

Can I prescribe an antibiotic myself without consulting a doctor?

If you are guided by the main principle of medicine - Do no harm, then the answer is obvious - NO!

Antibiotics are medicines that cannot be dosed and prescribed by yourself, without consulting a specialist. Since by choosing an antibiotic on the advice of friends or on the Internet, we thereby narrow the field of activity for doctors who can treat the consequences or complications of your disease. That is, the antibiotic did not work (incorrectly pricked or diluted, taken incorrectly), but it was good, and since the bacteria are already accustomed to it as a result of an incorrect treatment regimen, you will have to prescribe a more expensive reserve antibiotic, which, after an incorrect previous treatment, will also unknown help whether. So the situation is unambiguous - you need to go to the doctor for a prescription and prescription.

Also, allergy sufferers (ideally, again, all patients who take this drug for the first time) are also shown to prescribe scratch tests to determine an allergic reaction to prescribed antibiotics.

Also, ideally, it is necessary to inoculate human biological fluids and tissues with the determination of the sensitivity of the inoculated bacteria to antibiotics, so that the appointment of a particular drug is justified.

I would like to believe that after the appearance of this article in the Directory of questions on the methodology and dilution schemes of the antibiotic Ceftriaxone, there will be less, since I have analyzed the main points and schemes here, it remains only to read carefully.

How to dilute ceftriaxone with lidocaine and water for injection? It is an antibacterial drug, helps to resist infectious damage. Since injections of a medicinal substance are perceived by the body quite painfully, it is necessary to use an anesthetic. You should adhere to the established proportions and avoid long-term storage of the finished solution.

Purpose and features of the use of the drug

Thanks to the constant development of medicine, more and more new drugs are being produced that are able to cope with pathological disorders much more effectively. Among the drugs of the new generation, there are many antibiotics that have a wide spectrum of action and eliminate infectious diseases in the shortest possible period. One of these antibiotic agents is Ceftriaxone, which has pronounced bactericidal properties.

Instructions for use of this medication says: with intramuscular administration of an antibiotic, there is quite a strong painful discomfort. To reduce discomfort, the medicinal substance is shown to be diluted with an anesthetic.

Ceftriaxone is a white crystalline powder that is sometimes yellowish in color.

A substance for intravenous or intramuscular administration is prescribed to patients with:

damage to the organs of the respiratory system of infectious etiology;
skin inflammations;
diseases of the urinary system;
venereal pathologies;
gynecological problems;
peritonitis.

As practice shows, thanks to injections, positive changes in the patient's condition are noted already on the second or third day.

It is also necessary to dilute the medicinal substance before use for the reason that it is produced in powder form, like many other medicines with antibacterial properties. The antibiotic has no other forms of release. Instructions for use indicate that for dilution, you should use saline sodium chloride or anesthetic drugs - Lidocaine, Novocaine.

It is important to remember that each patient will react differently to the antibiotic and the means in which it should be dissolved. Injections should be done only after a special test has been carried out, which will show whether the prepared solution is suitable for the patient or not.

What is better for diluting the drug?

It is necessary to consider in more detail the question of how and why doctors recommend diluting the antibiotic.

As already mentioned, you can dissolve the medicinal substance:

distilled water;
sodium chloride;
Lidocaine;
Novocain.

Ceftriaxone is diluted only with water for intravenous administration. In this case, there is no need for anesthetics. They will be needed only when intramuscular injections are prescribed to the patient, because this method of administration is accompanied by severe pain discomfort.

Before injecting Ceftriaxone, it is better to ask a specialist which solvent is best for treatment. Do not forget about the many nuances that may arise.

For example, if an antibiotic is prescribed for intramuscular (IM) administration to a child, dilution of the anesthetic with water or sodium chloride is indicated. The ratio of the drug and distilled liquid or saline is 1:1.

To obtain the desired concentration of the drug, dilution with water for injection is provided. But with intramuscular injections, the patient will have to endure pain both during the procedure and after it. It is better to take water to dilute 2% Lidocaine, since, according to the instructions, the Lidocaine used should be 1% concentration.

Water for injection will be the only option for those patients who have an allergic reaction to anesthetics.

What is the best way to dilute an antibiotic? Ceftriaxone is recommended for use with Lidocaine. Patients who diluted the drug with this anesthetic respond positively to its use.

Among its advantages:

More effective pain relief.
Minimal risk of developing an adverse reaction than when using solutions prepared with Novocaine.

Correct Dosages

How to dilute Ceftriaxone before the upcoming injection? In some patients, the administration of an antibiotic that is dissolved in Lidocaine may cause an undesirable immune response.

In order not to harm the patient, you should first check how the body reacts to the Ceftriaxone solution. To do this, two small scratches are made on the inside of the forearm. One of them is treated with a small amount of antibiotic, the other with an anesthetic. You will need to wait about 5-10 minutes for the results. If the tested area of the skin has retained its natural color, then the injection is allowed.

The attached instructions for use for the antibiotic recommend diluting Ceftriaxone with 1% Lidocaine.

To dilute Ceftriaxone 1 g, the following is done:

a syringe with a capacity of 5 cubic meters is taken and 3.5 ml of Lidocaine solution is drawn;
on the bottle containing the powder, the aluminum cap should be bent;
the rubber stopper is treated with a cotton swab dipped in alcohol;
a needle is inserted into the cork and the solution is slowly injected;
to dilute Ceftriaxone, the bottle must be shaken well.

When diluting a powdered substance, problems should not arise, since it dissolves quite easily. Doctors warn: if you dilute the medicine and turbidity or any third-party impurities appear, you should refrain from using the solution.

Unfortunately, it is not always possible to get 1% Lidocaine. Usually pharmacies sell 2% anesthetic. In this case, in order to achieve the best effect, it should be diluted with a small amount of water.

Before diluting 1 g (1000 mg) of an antibiotic preparation with 2% Lidocaine, it is necessary:

Prepare one ampoule of anesthetic and distilled water, which will be mixed in one syringe.
First, draw up 2 ml of Lidocaine, and then the liquid in the same amount.
To make a solution, the contents of the syringe are vigorously shaken.
Now the required concentration of the anesthetic is injected into the vial where the powder is located.

As stated in the instructions, if you need to dilute Ceftriaxone in an amount of 0.5 g, you need to prepare 1 ml of Lidocaine and water.

Per day for adult patients, it is allowed to use no more than two grams of the diluted substance, while a maximum of 1 g of the drug can be injected into one buttock.

Some rules should be remembered when it is indicated to administer ceftriaxone intravenously. For such a procedure, anesthetics will not be used. Instead, the antibiotic is diluted in water or with sodium chloride.

It is advisable that a qualified nurse dilute and inject the medicine into a vein. The procedure must be carried out carefully and slowly. If, according to the doctor's prescription, it is necessary to administer a dose that exceeds 1 g, the injection is replaced by a dropper. To prepare the solution, you need sodium chloride in an amount of 100 ml. The dropper is placed for at least half an hour.

The diluted mixture should be used immediately. If the solutions are administered immediately after preparation, the desired results can be obtained much faster.

Dosages for children, during pregnancy and lactation

Is it possible to use Ceftriaxone in childhood and how to do it correctly? Ceftriaxone intramuscularly can be administered from birth.

Dosages of the drug are set taking into account the age category of patients:

Babies up to 2 weeks are prescribed the introduction of 20-50 mg of the drug per kilogram of weight.
Starting from the first month of life and up to 12 years, it is indicated to take from 20 to 75 mg of the substance per 1 kg of body weight.

If you need to use a diluted drug in a dose that is more than the established norm, a dropper is used instead of an injection. Children from 12 years of age are prescribed the same dosages as adults.

Despite the accepted norms of the drug in the preparation of the treatment course, the dosage is selected individually. The specialist must take into account the clinical manifestations of the disease, its severity and characteristics of the child's body.

As for women in position and lactating, treatment with diluted Ceftriaxone is not recommended. However, an injection can also be given to pregnant women if the benefit of the medicine outweighs the possible harm to the fetus. During lactation, the injection solution is also prescribed only in extreme cases, while the baby is transferred to artificial mixtures.

Contraindications and possible complications

Before using any medicine, you must carefully read the instructions, since serious contraindications are not excluded.

Ignoring them and non-compliance with dosages, especially with intravenous injections, can cause dangerous consequences for both an adult and a child.

Enter Ceftriaxone is prohibited when:

excessive sensitivity to the components of the solution;
high levels of bilirubin;
heart failure;
myocardial infarction;
epileptic disorders;
nervous excitability;
a course of hemodialysis;
liver damage of an acute or chronic nature;
problems with the kidneys and adrenal glands;
alcohol addiction;
pregnancy (especially in the 1st trimester);
breastfeeding.

Intramuscular administration of an antibiotic, which was previously diluted with an analgesic agent, can result in a number of undesirable reactions:

persistent nausea;
vomiting after eating;
acute manifestations of dysbacteriosis;
stomatitis with intense symptoms;
rashes;
angioedema;
excessive excitement;
anxiety;
sleep disorders;
sharp pains in the head;
dizziness after waking up;
conjunctivitis in acute form;
anaphylactic shock;
itchy discomfort in the genitals;
candidiasis.

Taking into account the listed manifestations that occur during injections, it is worth avoiding the use of a diluted antibiotic without consulting a doctor.

If the patient does not adhere to the prescribed dosages or begins to use a solution that has been stored longer than expected, the appearance of dysbacteriosis is not excluded. The drug has the ability to inhibit the activity of microbes. With illiterate use of the drug, along with pathogenic microorganisms, useful ones die.

Violation is indicated by symptoms in the form of:

pain in the abdomen;
frequent diarrhea;
nausea and vomiting.

Due to dysbacteriosis, the development of a fungal infection is possible.

In order for antibiotic treatment to be effective, it is necessary to adhere to important conditions:

You should first read the instructions, which indicate how to dilute Ceftriaxone and in what proportions.
It is better to dilute the prescribed Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine. If you take Novocaine, the antibacterial agent will be less effective, while serious complications, for example, anaphylactic shock, are not ruled out.
It is forbidden to mix Ceftriaxone with other antibiotic drugs, otherwise you should expect intense allergic manifestations.
When diluted, the injection dose can be stored for no longer than 6 hours.
Lidocaine, which is considered the best of anesthetics, is used only for intramuscular injection. To administer the powder intravenously, it is diluted in saline or sterile water.
The area for injections is the upper part of the gluteal muscle. The dissolved antibiotic is introduced gradually so as not to provoke severe pain.
If an intramuscular injection caused negative reactions, you should immediately inform your doctor about what happened.

Treatment with antibiotics will only be beneficial if their use is approved by a specialist.

Ceftriaxone is administered intravenously or intramuscularly. To dilute the powder, you will need - "Lidocaine" (1%), in some cases - sterile water. Water is used if intravenous administration of Ceftriaxone is necessary or if the patient develops an allergic reaction to Lidocaine.

To dilute 1.0 g of Ceftriaxone, you need to draw 3.5 ml of a 1% solution of Lidocaine into the syringe, then move the disk located in the very center of the aluminum cap on the medicine bottle to the side. The rubber stopper should be wiped with a cotton swab dipped in alcohol. After that, the cork is pierced with a syringe, and the solvent is introduced into the vial. Then you need to shake vigorously several times to completely dissolve.

In pediatrics, for the treatment of children, "Ceftriaxone" is bred as follows. First, they take part of the water for injection, dissolve the powder in it, and then add Lidocaine in the required amount (for example, 2 ml of anesthetic should be taken for 3 ml of water for injection), after which an injection is given. The solution of the drug is injected into the upper part of the buttock.

Intravenous administration of "Ceftriasone" should be carried out by a nurse.

What you need to know about "Ceftriaxone"

You can not mix the solution of "Ceftriaxone" with other antibiotics, since it may crystallize, as well as increase the risk of allergic reactions.

You can not store the prepared solution of "Ceftriaxone" for more than six hours, because during this period of storage the antibiotic begins to break down, and its effectiveness decreases sharply. If necessary, the use of the drug during lactation for the duration of treatment should stop breastfeeding: "Ceftriaxone" penetrates into the mother's milk and may adversely affect the infant (for example, he may develop dysbacteriosis).

Among the most popular antibacterial agents, many doctors include ceftriaxone. This effective drug, which has a large range of action, is more often used for intramuscular injection. However, injections cause severe pain, therefore, according to the WHO recommendation, anesthetics are used when diluting the drug.

Action of Ceftriaxone

Doctors often prefer this third-generation cephalosporin drug when a powerful and rapid bactericidal effect is required to eliminate the infection. The action of Ceftriaxone is to block the production of murein, a substance that provides strength to the cell walls of bacteria. In its absence, the shells of microbes are destroyed and pathogens die.

The advantage of the antibiotic is a high degree of bioavailability. 2-2.5 hours after intramuscular injection, it reaches almost 100%, quickly penetrating into the blood, lymph, synovial and cerebrospinal fluid, muscle and bone tissues.

What does Lidocaine help with?

The drug produces a local anesthetic effect. The anesthetic is used in dentistry, ophthalmology, surgery, instrumental diagnostics. When prescribing injections of cephalosporins, the drug is used as a solvent. Lidocaine is preferable to Novocaine because it acts faster and lasts longer.

Indications for the simultaneous use of Ceftriaxone and Lidocaine

You can enter the antibiotic both intramuscularly and intravenously. In both cases, injections are accompanied by intense pain. However, the use of an anesthetic for pain relief is allowed only with intramuscular injections. It is impossible to combine Ceftriaxone and Lidocaine with intravenous administration, since the analgesic drug along the way has an antiarrhythmic effect and can dramatically disrupt the functioning of the heart.

Indications for intramuscular antibiotic administration:

infectious diseases of the stomach, intestines, gallbladder;
severe damage to the respiratory apparatus;
infections of the genitourinary organs;
skin diseases, pathologies of bone tissues of a bacterial nature;
purulent wounds, ulcers, burns;
sepsis, peritonitis, meningitis.

In addition, the antibiotic is effective in the treatment of various bacterial diseases in patients with weak immune systems. The medication is also prescribed for operated patients in order to avoid complications of an infectious nature.

How to dilute ceftriaxone

To prepare the solution, the antibacterial drug is diluted depending on the method of parenteral administration. For this purpose, various liquids are used: saline, glucose solution, Lidocaine, distillate water.

Why dilute an antibiotic

Russian and foreign pharmaceutical companies produce Ceftriaxone in powder form. For intravenous injections, it is diluted in a solution of sodium chloride or glucose. For intramuscular injections - in an anesthetic solution to minimize severe pain.

1% lidocaine solution

To prepare a standard solution for intramuscular injection, take 1 bottle of antibiotic containing 0.5 g of powder and 1 ampoule with a capacity of 2 ml of 1% anesthetic. If you need to get twice the volume of a solution of the same concentration, 1 g of the bactericide is diluted, spending 2 ampoules (4 or slightly less - 3.5 ml) of the anesthetic.

2% solution

When a solution of Lidocaine 2% is used, it is diluted with distilled water (1: 1) and only then the powder is diluted. The liquid must be shaken vigorously several times so that the antibiotic dissolves completely, without sediment. It is recommended to use the injection solution immediately, but it is possible within 6 hours.

How to inject

The syringe needle should be inserted to the maximum depth into the gluteal muscle located in the upper outer quadrant on the right or left.

The solution must be injected slowly. The dosage and duration of the course of therapy is determined by the attending physician.

If the drug is prescribed to a child, his age and weight are taken into account. For children over 12 years of age weighing more than 50 kg, the concentration of the solution is calculated in the same way as for adults.

Contraindications

Ceftriaxone should not be prescribed for individual intolerance to the antibiotic. The drug should be used with caution if the following pathologies are present:

ulcerative colitis or enteritis;
renal, hepatic insufficiency;
jaundice (hyperbilirubinemia) in newborns.

Lidocaine contraindications:

allergic reactions;
hypotension;
severe damage to the liver, kidneys;
myasthenia gravis;
hematopoietic disorders.

The use of an antibiotic in combination with an anesthetic during pregnancy is contraindicated, especially in the first trimester. Nursing mothers during treatment should use artificial mixtures.

Side effects

The following consequences of injections of Ceftriaxone diluted with Lidocaine are possible:

itching, urticaria, anaphylactic shock;
nausea, dizziness, diarrhea;
decrease in blood pressure;
tachycardia;
drowsiness;
oliguria (decreased urine production);
nosebleeds;
stomatitis;
enterocolitis.

Or parents of frequently ill children are familiar with the antibiotic Ceftriaxone. Especially in pediatrics, it is considered the most commonly prescribed because it has a wide spectrum of action. What are the features of the drug and how to properly dilute it yourself for intramuscular injection is described below.

Description of the drug

How to breed "Ceftriaxone" will be described in detail later, and now you should analyze its features. This antibiotic belongs to the group of cephalosporins and is produced in the form of a powder packed in ampoules or vials. The dosage of the drug can be 1 g or 0.5 g of the active substance.

The cost of the drug is relatively low and for 1 dose you will have to pay about 20 rubles. An antibiotic is prescribed for both children and very young children, and the method of its administration depends on the severity of the diagnosis.

The effectiveness of "Ceftriaxone" is ensured by its ability to quickly suppress the synthesis of almost all harmful bacteria known today. The antibiotic does an excellent job with anaerobes, gram-negative aerobes, streptococci, staphylococci and some rare bacteria.

Indications for use

The instruction on how to dilute Ceftriaxone also depends on which disease the antibiotic is used to treat. Specialists often prescribe it for:

inflammation of the ENT organs;
pathologies of the respiratory system;
diseases of the genitourinary system;
gynecological infections;
diseases of the gastrointestinal tract;
skin and soft tissue infections;
salmonellosis;
syphilis;
infectious lesions of the bones;
neurological diseases of an infectious nature;
before and after operations to avoid inflammation.

Thus, the appointment of this medication can be done by a doctor of almost any department.

How to dilute the drug?

How to dilute "Ceftriaxone" with water for injection, parents of children under 1 year old are often interested, since only it can be used as a solvent for babies. You can not mix the powder with anesthetics and allergy sufferers. In other cases, for intramuscular administration, the antibiotic is diluted with Lidocaine. In a hospital setting, if necessary, administer the drug intravenously for dilution, sodium chloride is also used.

In the form of a pure powder, Ceftriaxone can be used for dressing pressure sores, open wounds or postoperative sutures.

Before diluting Ceftriaxone with Novocaine or Lidocaine, the patient should definitely do an allegro test, since the reaction to this combination of medicines can cause serious reactions up to anaphylactic shock. To do this, the diluted composition is injected in a minimal amount under the skin on the wrist or dripped onto a fresh scratch. If no reaction is observed at the site of exposure for half an hour, the medication can be prescribed as a course.

Dilution with "Lidocaine" 1%

As a solvent for an antibiotic for intramuscular injection, experts most often prescribe exactly a 1% solution of "Lidocaine". The dosage of the latter in this case depends directly on the prescribed amount of the administered antibiotic. To dilute a 500 mg ampoule of powder, you will need to take 2 ml of solvent for injection. Ceftriaxone should be diluted with Lidocaine as follows:

If necessary, dilute 1 g of "Ceftriaxone" for injection, the actions will be similar, only 3.5 ml of the solvent must be taken. Most often, in this case, "Lidocaine" is taken in an amount of 4 ml, since these are 2 whole ampoules.

How to dilute Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine if a single injection of 250 mg is necessary? In this dosage, the powder is simply not for sale, so you need to take a bottle of 0.5 g and perform all the manipulations described above. The only difference will be that the finished solution from the vial should be drawn into 2 different 1 ml syringes and used separately.

Dilution with "Lidocaine" 2%

Despite the fact that an anesthetic is recommended for dilution of an antibiotic at a concentration of 1%, it is 2% Lidocaine that is most often sold in pharmacies. How to breed "Ceftriaxone" in this case? In this case, to maintain the ratio of antibiotic and solvent, water for injection should be added to the composition. To prepare a solution from a 500 mg powder, you will need to enter 1 ml of water and 1 ml of Lidocaine into the vial. For a dose of 1 g, 1.8 ml of water and an anesthetic will be required, but most often the powder is diluted with liquids in equal parts - 2 ml each.

It is important to remember that it is not recommended to inject more than 1 g of the drug into one muscle at a time, and when prescribing 2 g of the antibiotic once, 2 injections will be required.

Solution storage

In the treatment of adults, the dosage allows the preparation of solutions always fresh and for a single use. In pediatrics, the question of how to breed Ceftriaxone is often closely related to how to store it later. When prescribing injections of 250 mg to a baby, half of the finished solution will always remain. The antibiotic remains chemically stable for only 6 hours at room temperature, and since the next injection is given at least 12 hours later, such storage is unacceptable. The way out of this situation is simple - at a temperature of 2-8 degrees Celsius, the drug retains its properties for 24 hours, which means that the finished solution can be stored in the refrigerator until the next use. The downside is that after cooling, the solution can increase pain during administration and even change color, which also signals its slight chemical change. This will not bring harm to health, but the therapeutic effect will be reduced.

Dilution with water

There are recommendations in the instructions for the use of Ceftriaxone injections on how to dilute the drug only with injection water. This method is necessary in the treatment of babies under 1 year old and people allergic to anesthetics. The ratio of powder and liquid remains unchanged: 500 mg should take 2 ml of sodium chloride solution. Of course, it should be remembered that the sensations during such injections will be very painful, but this is the only option to avoid anaphylactic shock.

Breeding for infusion

How to dilute "Ceftriaxone" only with injection water for infusion on your own, you should not be interested. Such procedures should be carried out only in a hospital or, in extreme cases, at home, but by a specialized medical worker.

For the introduction of 1 g of the antibiotic, 100 ml of sodium chloride is taken and instilled drip for at least 30 minutes. Such a solution is generally not stored and should be used immediately after preparation.

Breeding "Novocaine"

How to dilute "Ceftriaxone" with "Lidocaine" and water has already been described in detail above, but no recommendations for the use of "Novocaine" have been said. Why? Because many experts have long abandoned this combination. The fact is that "Novocain" significantly reduces the activity of this antibiotic, has a high probability of an allergic reaction and poorly relieves pain during administration.

Instructions for intramuscular injection

Often, many inject themselves on their own or with the help of relatives, so as not to visit a medical facility twice a day, and sometimes three times. At the same time, the instruction for the use of injections of "Ceftriaxone" (how to breed, described above) has recommendations for administration. This medication should be placed deep into the gluteal muscle, choosing the upper extreme square. The solution should be injected slowly, then the pain becomes minimal.

To avoid the appearance of seals in the injection area, an iodine grid should be placed after the injections.

With the appearance of "bumps" you can also apply an alcohol compress.

Dosage

The antibiotic is prescribed for adults, depending on the diagnosis, 1-2 times a day for 1 or 2 g. The maximum daily dosage is 4 g of the drug. In the treatment of gonorrhea, an injection is given once at a dose of 250 mg. If necessary, to reduce the risk of complications during operations, the injection is given before the intervention at a dosage of 1 g and, if necessary, after, but as directed by a doctor.

How to breed "Ceftriaxone", "Lidocaine" and water for injection, parents of young patients are most often interested. The dosage of the antibiotic for them is prescribed taking into account the weight of the baby. For newborns, this is 20-40 mg per kg of weight, and for older ones it is already 25-75 mg, depending on the diagnosis.

The course of treatment can be up to 14 days, but in the treatment of inflammation of the ENT or respiratory organs, 5 days are often enough.

Contraindications and features

If you are interested in how to dilute Ceftriaxone, you should remember that it is strictly forbidden to mix it with any other antibiotics in one bottle. This leads to crystallization of the drug and an increased risk of allergic reactions.

The contraindications of the drug include:

to the active substance;
to antibiotics of the penicillin group;
pregnancy, especially the first trimester;
lactation (if necessary, breastfeeding should be stopped for the duration of treatment);
kidney failure.

In addition, the antibiotic cannot be used in the treatment of premature babies and newborns because of the risk of developing encephalopathy in them. Patients on hemodialysis, if necessary, treatment should be constantly under the supervision of medical professionals.

Conclusion

So, the article describes in detail how to dilute Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine and water, why it is not recommended to use Novocain for this, for what diagnoses the drug is prescribed and how to use it correctly. It is important to remember that the self-administration of such serious antibiotics can lead to a deterioration in health, especially in children. Of particular danger is the risk of an allergic reaction, in addition, treatment with antibacterial drugs is not always advisable. If during treatment, even prescribed by a specialist, your health worsens, you should immediately seek medical help. Do not joke with your health, even if the initial signs of the disease seem insignificant.

Instruction

Ceftriaxone and Lidocaine are prescribed in injections for pathological conditions such as otitis, sinusitis, tonsillitis, prostatitis, cystitis, endometritis, gastrointestinal diseases, inflammatory skin diseases, etc. Ceftriaxone is produced in the form of a powder for injection. Lidocaine is a solution.

The effect of ceftriaxone

Ceftriaxone is a broad-spectrum antibiotic designed to fight several infections. The action of the drug is to destroy pathogenic microorganisms by slowing down the synthesis of bacteria. The agent is active against gram-positive aerobes:

staphylococcus epidermidis;
streptococcus pneumoniae.

And also for Gram-negatives:

enterobacter;
haemophilus;
neisseria gonorrhoeae;
neisseria meningitidis;
salmonella;
shigella;
treponema etc.

Once in the body, the antibiotic is rapidly absorbed. Its maximum plasma concentration is fixed after 1.5-2 hours. The drug remains in the blood for a long time, easily penetrating into all organs and bone tissue. The period of partial elimination is 5-8 hours (in the elderly up to 16 hours, in children up to 8 days). Completely excreted after 2 days by the kidneys and partially with bile.

Properties of Lidocaine

Ceftriaxone powder must be dissolved before use. Since the drug is painful, the anesthetic Lidocaine, which also has an antiarrhythmic effect, is used with it. The effect of anesthesia is expressed in the inhibition of processes occurring in the nerve endings.

Antiarrhythmic properties are due to the ability to block sodium channels, while not having a significant effect on the myocardium.

With the introduction of an injection, the highest effect of the anesthetic is possible after 5 minutes. Up to 80% of lidocaine is absorbed into the blood plasma, which quickly spreads throughout the body, penetrating the muscles, tissues of the heart, liver, kidneys, and lungs. Metabolism occurs 90% in the liver. With the participation of its enzymes, the period of partial elimination occurs after 2 hours. With liver dysfunction, the metabolic rate decreases to 10-50%. The drug is excreted in bile and urine.

The drug is indicated for use as the following types of anesthesia:

infiltration (local anesthetic);
conductive (blocks the transmission of an impulse through the nerve node);
spinal (introduced into the subarachnoid space);
epidural (introduced into the epidural space of the spinal cord).

The use of Lidocaine is shown:

for relief of tachycardia;
with myocardial infarction;
during surgical interventions;
as a prevention of ventricular arrhythmias;
with acute coronary syndrome.

Can ceftriaxone be diluted with lidocaine

Ceftriaxone is recommended to be diluted with Lidocaine 1%. It is more convenient to purchase these two drugs in one package with the necessary single dose of both drugs. Lidocaine 1% is not always available in pharmacies, the composition of 2% is more common. In this case, it is necessary to additionally purchase sterile water for injection and dilute the anesthetic with it.

How to breed

Preparation of an injection composition from 1 g of Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine 1%:

take a 5 ml syringe;
draw a solution of Lidocaine 1% into it (in 1 ampoule 3.5 ml);
insert a syringe needle into the rubber stopper of a glass vial with 1 g of powder in it, having previously treated the stopper with medical alcohol;
slowly inject the solution inside;
shake well so that ceftriaxone is completely mixed with the solvent.

The sequence of preparation of a drug based on 0.5 g (500 mg) of medicinal powder, 2% anesthetic and saline solution:

purified water for injection (2 ml per ampoule) is mixed with Lidocaine 2% (2 ml per ampoule);
shake the solution;
inject 1.8 ml of diluted anesthetic into the vial with powder;
to mix everything.

Sometimes (for example, an injection is performed on a child), the powder is first mixed with water, and then Lidocaine is added in the same proportions.

How to inject Ceftriaxone with Lidocaine

the drug is used intramuscularly, intravenously and intravenously;
it is desirable to apply the prepared composition immediately (after 5 hours, the antibiotic will begin to break down);
injection should be done slowly;
more often, doctors prescribe a single dosage of 250 mg;
if 500 mg is prescribed (adults only), then it is not recommended to administer the entire dose in one syringe, it is better to divide it in half and inject one injection into each buttock;
when prescribing a single dose of more than 1 g, Ceftriaxone is administered intravenously by drip for half an hour.

Contraindications

Contraindications for use:

bradycardia;
acute heart failure;
an allergic reaction to a test sample;
pregnancy and lactation;
do not include additional antibiotic drugs;
do not use a ready-made medicinal mixture that has been stored for more than 5 hours.

Carefully:

with arterial hypotension;
severe hepatic and / or renal failure;
myasthenia gravis;
epilepsy;
elderly patients;
children under 18 years of age (due to slow metabolism).