Don't Believe Your Eyes: A Guide to Optical Illusions. Optical Illusion - Illusion Pictures with Explanations

Illusion is a trick of the eye.

Types of optical illusion:

optical illusion based on color perception;
optical illusion based on contrast;
distorting illusions;
optical illusion of depth perception;
optical illusion of size perception;
contour optical illusion;
optical illusion "changeling";
Ames room;
moving optical illusions.
stereo illusions, or, as they are also called: "3d pictures", stereo pictures.

ILLUSION OF BALL SIZE
Isn't it true that the size of these two balls is different? Is the top ball bigger than the bottom one?

In fact, this is an optical illusion: these two balls are absolutely equal. You can use the ruler to check. By creating the effect of a receding corridor, the artist managed to deceive our vision: the upper ball seems larger to us, because. our consciousness perceives it as a more distant object.

ILLUSION OF A. EINSTEIN AND M. MONROE
If you look at the picture from a close distance, you see the brilliant physicist A. Einstein.

ILLUSION OF SIDE WALL WITH WINDOW
Which side of the building is the window on? On the left or maybe on the right?

Illusion of bars

Cafe wall illusion

Illusion of the Leaning Tower of Pisa

ILLUSION OF WAVY LINES
There is no doubt that the lines depicted are wavy.

Ship or arch?

ILLUSION - GRAFFITI "LADDER"
Now you can relax and not think that there will be another optical illusion. Let's admire the imagination of the artist.

EFFECT BEZOLDI
Look at the picture and say in which part the red lines are brighter and more contrasting. On the right, right?

ILLUSION OF COLOR CHANGE
Does the color of the horizontal gray line change into the rectangle?

ILLUSION OF A REDUCING SUN
This stunning photo of the sun was taken by the American space agency NASA. It shows two sunspots pointing directly at the Earth.

ZOLNER ILLUSION
Can you see that the Christmas tree lines in the picture are parallel?

ILLUSION-JESUS ​​CHRIST
Stare at the picture for 30 seconds (or more may be needed), then look at a bright, flat surface, such as a wall.

ILLUSION. THREE SQUARE
Sit closer and look at the picture. Do you see that the sides of all three squares are crooked?

ILLUSION. BLACK FIGURES
What do you see in the picture?

ILLUSION. ILLUSION OUCHI
Look at the center of the picture and you will see a "dancing" ball.

11/15/2016 11/16/2016 by Vlad

An optical illusion is an impression of a visible object or phenomenon that does not correspond to reality, i.e. optical illusion. Translated from Latin, the word "illusion" means "mistake, delusion." This suggests that illusions have long been interpreted as some kind of malfunction in the visual system. Many researchers have studied the causes of their occurrence. Some visual deceptions have long been scientifically explained, while others have not yet found an explanation.

Do not take optical illusions seriously, trying to understand and solve them, it's just how our vision works. This is how the human brain processes visible light reflected from images.
Unusual shapes and combinations of these pictures make it possible to achieve a deceptive perception, as a result of which it seems that the object is moving, changing color, or an additional picture appears.

There are a lot of optical illusions, but we tried to collect the most interesting, crazy and incredible ones for you. Be careful: some of them can cause tearing, nausea and disorientation in space.

12 black dots

For starters, one of the most talked about illusions on the web is the 12 black dots. The trick is that you can't see them at the same time. The scientific explanation for this phenomenon was discovered by the German physiologist Ludimar Herman in 1870. The human eye stops seeing the whole picture due to lateral inhibition in the retina.

Impossible figures

At one time, this genre of graphics was so widespread that it even got its own name - impossibilism. Each of these figures seems quite real on paper, but simply cannot exist in the physical world.

Impossible Trident

classic blevet- perhaps the brightest representative of optical drawings from the category of "impossible figures". No matter how hard you try, you will not be able to determine where the middle prong originates.

Another striking example is the impossible Penrose triangle.

He is in the form of the so-called "endless staircase".

As well as "impossible elephant" Roger Shepard.

Ames room

Issues of optical illusions interested Adelbert Ames Jr. from early childhood. After becoming an ophthalmologist, he did not stop his research on depth perception, which resulted in the famous Ames Room.

How the Ames room works

In a nutshell, the effect of the Ames room can be conveyed as follows: it seems that two people are standing in the left and right corners of its back wall - a dwarf and a giant. Of course, this is an optical trick, and in fact these people are of quite ordinary height. In reality, the room has an elongated trapezoidal shape, but because of the false perspective, it seems to us rectangular. The left corner is farther away from the visitors' view than the right corner, and therefore the person standing there seems so small.

Illusions of movement

This category of optical tricks is of most interest to psychologists. Most of them are based on the subtleties of color combinations, the brightness of objects and their repetition. All these tricks mislead our peripheral vision, as a result of which the perception mechanism goes astray, the retina captures the image intermittently, spasmodically, and the brain activates the areas of the cortex responsible for detecting movement.

floating star

It's hard to believe that this picture is not an animated gif-format, but an ordinary optical illusion. The drawing was created by Japanese artist Kaya Nao in 2012. A pronounced illusion of movement is achieved due to the opposite direction of the patterns in the center and along the edges.

There are quite a few such illusions of motion, that is, static images that appear to be in motion. For example, the famous spinning circle.

Moving arrows

rays from the center

striped spirals

moving figures

These figures are moving at the same speed, but our vision tells us otherwise. In the first gif, four figures move at the same time until they are adjacent to each other. After separation, the illusion arises that they move along black and white stripes independently of each other.

After the disappearance of the zebra in the second picture, you can make sure that the movement of the yellow and blue rectangles is synchronized.

Illusions-shifters

The most numerous and fun genre of drawings-illusions is based on a change in the direction of looking at a graphic object. The simplest upside-down drawings just need to be rotated 180 or 90 degrees.

Horse or frog

Nurse or old woman

Beauty or ugly

Pretty girls?

Flip the image

Girl/old woman

One of the most popular dual images was published in 1915 in the cartoon magazine Puck. The caption to the drawing read: "My wife and mother-in-law."

Old people/Mexicans

An elderly couple or guitar-singing Mexicans? Most see old people first, and only then do their eyebrows turn into a sombrero, and their eyes into faces. The authorship belongs to the Mexican artist Octavio Ocampo, who created many pictures-illusions of a similar nature.

Lovers/dolphins

Surprisingly, the interpretation of this psychological illusion depends on the age of the person. As a rule, children see dolphins frolicking in the water - their brain, not yet familiar with sexual relationships and their symbols, simply does not isolate two lovers in this composition. Older people, on the contrary, first see a couple, and only then dolphins.

The list of such dual pictures is endless:

Is this cat going down or going up the stairs?

In which direction is the window open?

You can change direction just by thinking about it.

Illusions of color and contrast

Unfortunately, the human eye is not perfect, and in our assessments of what we see (without noticing it ourselves) we often rely on the color environment and the brightness of the background of the object. This leads to very interesting optical illusions.

gray squares

Optical illusions of colors are one of the most popular types of optical illusion. Yes, yes, squares A and B are painted in the same color.

Such a trick is possible due to the peculiarities of how our brain works. A shadow without sharp borders falls on square B. Thanks to the darker "environment" and smooth shadow gradient, it appears to be significantly darker than square A.

green spiral

There are only three colors in this photo: pink, orange and green.

Don't believe? Here's what happens when you replace pink and orange with black.

Is the dress white and gold or blue and black?

However, illusions based on the perception of color are not uncommon. Take, for example, the white and gold or black and blue dress that conquered the Internet in 2015. What color was this mysterious dress, and why did different people perceive it differently?

The explanation for the dress phenomenon is very simple: as in the case of gray squares, it all depends on the imperfect chromatic adaptation of our organs of vision. As you know, the human retina consists of two types of receptors: rods and cones. Rods capture light better, while cones capture color. Each person has a different ratio of cones and rods, so the definition of the color and shape of an object is slightly different depending on the dominance of one or another type of receptor.

Those who saw the white-and-gold dress drew attention to the brightly lit background and decided that the dress was in the shade, which means that the white color should be darker than usual. If the dress seemed blue-black to you, then your eye first of all paid attention to the main color of the dress, which in this photo really has a blue tint. Then your brain judged that the golden hue was black, brightened due to the rays of the sun directed at the dress and the poor quality of the photo.

In fact, the dress was blue with black lace.

And here is another photo that baffled millions of users who could not decide if there was a wall in front of them or a lake.

Optical illusions on video

Ballerina

This insane optical illusion is misleading: it is difficult to determine which leg of the figure is the supporting one and, as a result, to understand in which direction the ballerina is spinning. Even if you succeeded, while watching the video, the supporting leg can “change” and the girl seems to start to rotate in the other direction.

If you could easily fix the direction of the ballerina's movement, this indicates a rational, practical mindset. If the ballerina rotates in different directions, this means that you have a stormy, not always consistent imagination. Contrary to popular belief, this does not affect the dominance of the right or left hemisphere.

monster faces

If you look at the cross in the center for a long time, then peripheral vision will frighteningly distort the faces of celebrities.

Optical illusions in design

An optical illusion can be a spectacular tool for those who want to add zest to their home. Very often, “impossible figures” are used in design.

It seemed that the impossible triangle was doomed to remain only an illusion on paper. But no, the design studio from Valencia has immortalized it in the form of a spectacular minimalist vase.

Bookshelf inspired by the impossible trident. Designed by Norwegian designer Bjorn Blikstad.

And here is a rack inspired by one of the most famous optical illusions - parallel lines by Johann Zellner. All shelves are parallel to each other - otherwise what would be the use of such a cabinet - but even for those who have long acquired such a rack, it is difficult to get rid of the impression of slanted lines.

The same example inspired the creators of " Zellner rug».

Of interest to fans of unusual things is the chair designed by Chris Duffy. It seems that it relies solely on the front legs. But if you dare to sit on it, you will realize that the shadow cast by the chair is its main support.

Optical illusions, or as they are also called optical illusions, occur in healthy people relatively often throughout life, since they are a completely normal condition, depending on specific conditions or the structure of the human eye.

The reasons for some illusions have been established, but most of them have no scientific explanation, to this day. The well-known types of optical illusions include phenomena due to the structural features of the organ of vision - this is irradiation, optical illusions, the Marriott illusion accompanying astigmatism (the so-called blind spot), etc.

Today, doctors and psychologists have managed to create an unusual classification that separates all types of optical deceptive perceptions according to different criteria. So, there are illusions of perception of the size of an object or figure, the ratio of the size of the figure depending on the background, deceptions of color and contrasts. And also, erroneous perceptions of depth and movement, effects of perceptual readiness and aftereffects, illusions of a pareidolic direction, seemingly imaginary and impossible (areal, beyond reality, not real) figures.

An optical illusion is an erroneous visual perception of reality, an object or a visible phenomenon as a result of structural features of the visual apparatus, as well as under the influence of specific natural conditions (refraction of rays during heavy rain, distortion of the outline of objects or figures at dusk). Moreover, such a disease as color blindness has nothing to do with optical illusions.

The entire system of the visual apparatus is responsible for visual perception, including the eyes, nerve cells and endings, thanks to which the visual signal enters the brain, and directly that part of the brain that is responsible for the visual perception of phenomena or objects.

An amazing phenomenon is considered to be known since the time of Ptolemy, the illusion of perception of celestial bodies in an increased volume at the moment they are near the horizon. Many scientists found worthy and convincing explanations for this phenomenon, but time passed, and new, equally "reliable" theories appeared.

This only goes to show that there are many more opportunities to explore in the field of optical illusions. Scientists and doctors have divided (conditionally) the reasons for which any kind of optical illusions occur into three types:

The first reason is that the visual system perceives the light reflected from objects in such a way that the human consciousness receives erroneous (imaginary) information.

The second reason is the erroneous, incorrect transmission of vision signals through the nerves, as a result, the brain also receives incorrect information, which leads to an imaginary, distorted perception.

The third reason is based on brain disorders (malfunctions of brain activity), which gives out the wrong reaction.

In some cases, an illusion may arise for several reasons at once.

There are several types of optical illusions - optical illusions, which, for reasons that are not entirely understood, were created by nature (the most famous example is mirages in deserts), artificially created by man, using visual effects (in particular, a game with light perceptions).

An example is the well-known optical focus - hovering in the air (levitation). No less interesting are the illusions recreated by man according to well-known natural deceptions - these are mixed optical illusions - illusory visual pictures.

If artificially created optical deceptions have a strict explanation (playing with light, mechanical constructions), then natural illusory deception almost never has a scientifically based solution.

There are many examples of natural illusions, most of them related to irradiation. So, for example, if we consider white and black squares at a great distance, then white drawings are perceived by a person as larger, despite the fact that in reality the geometric shapes in the pictures are the same. Moreover, researchers have long noticed that with an increase in the distance to the picture, the illusion intensifies - this is irradiation.

This type of illusion is due to a specific effect that occurs due to the structure of the eye - any point of a light tone is "imprinted" on the retina in the form of a circle (spherical aberration), and the perimeter of this circle is bordered by a light ribbon, due to which the surface increases, with black images everything happens in reverse. All experiments aimed at identifying irradiation confirmed its presence in all people.

The illusion of a "blind spot" is provoked by the peculiarity of the structure of the visual apparatus, or rather, the existence of a small zone on the retina in which there is no sensitivity to light. If a beam reflected from any point of an object hits exactly this zone, then the consciousness is not able to perceive it, therefore some parts of the objects seem invisible and the picture is completely distorted. Several examples perfectly illustrate the presence of this optical illusion.

Looking with the left eye at the cross on the right side of the figure, we will not see a black circle at some distance, although we will distinguish both circles. The circle coincided with the blind spot, so a person simply does not see it, although he perfectly distinguishes two circles.

If we look at this image with the left eye closed at a distance of 20-25 centimeters, then the large circle becomes invisible, but the smaller circles on the sides are very clearly visible. And when you look at the cross located below, the circle is only partially invisible. This example is called an optical illusion (Mariotte illusion).

There are also examples confirming the origin of optical illusions in astigmatism. If you carefully look at the inscription made in black letters with one eye, then one of the letters will be perceived as blacker, if you turn the inscription at different angles, then different letters will appear deeper black.

Astigmatism is expressed in a different bulge (in different directions) of the cornea, this feature is present in almost every person (congenital astigmatism, recognized as a congenital disease, is only in 10% of people).

There are many examples of this phenomenon, if you look at the picture with one eye at a close distance for a long time, focusing on the upper white square, then the lower white stripe will soon disappear from the field of view (doctors explain this by fatigue of the retina).

Another misperception of objects occurs with special types of lighting, these deceptions are called color illusions. One of the most unique effects is an experiment with lighting - if two illuminators placed in a special way (20 cm apart) illuminate a vertically placed object, its shadow will appear on a white screen.

After that, light filters of different bright colors (for example, blue and red) are put on both lamps - these colors will also be reflected on the screen. But ... if you remove one color filter, then the color in the perception of a person will remain on the screen. An unusually vivid and unexpected example of an optical illusion, when color is imprinted in the brain, this is simply a deceptive perception of vision.

There are many theories that have attempted to explain this phenomenon, but we must admit that none of them gives a complete picture of the optical illusion.

Violation of color perception is also considered a type of optical illusion, but its consequences may not be as harmless as one might expect. Road services are well aware that, according to statistics, most accidents are registered at intersections at dusk.

This is due to the fact that in low light, vision is rebuilt from cone vision to rod vision, in other words, from color perception to light (more sensitive). The peak time of accidents is precisely the moment of transition, when the cone receptors of the eye are turned off, and the rod analyzers are not included in the perception.

The artificial creation of optical illusions enables specialists to identify certain patterns of visual perception, therefore psychologists pay great attention to experiments, tests invented by them serve as a "litmus test" for clarifying the hidden mechanisms of vision. To do this, experts come up with all sorts of test experiments, during which the eye must solve complex problems under unusual conditions.

The role of optical illusions has always been high, in ancient times they were used by shamans, the paintings of the world famous Leonardo da Vinci are full of hidden optical illusions (he also owns several treatises on the subject of illusions). The Leaning Tower of Pisa "falls" visually only 10% due to construction reasons, 90% of them are an optical illusion.

Research related to geometric optical illusions was first scientifically carried out in 1854 by Oppel. They were studied by Wundt, Zollner, Poggendorf, Kundt, Helmholtz. Their work tried to clarify as fully as possible the nature of the optical and psychological perception of numerous illusions.

An interesting illusion is represented by circles drawn on paper, which, under special conditions, begin to rotate in the mind of a person, it would be more correct to say that a person perceives them as rotating. The closer the image is viewed, the faster the circles rotate. At the moment when the distance is so great that the whole picture "fits" in the field of view, the circles stop altogether.

Coffee beans placed in a special way also cause an optical illusion, it seems to a person that they are moving, making chaotic wave-like movements, reminiscent of raising and lowering a person’s chest when inhaling and exhaling (naturally, this is a visual illusion, in reality the coffee beans are motionless).

Refers to artificially created illusory deceptions and three-dimensional graphics, or the creation of 3d-drawings, three-dimensional drawings, which are increasingly gaining popularity all over the world. The essence of such drawings or stereography is based on the fact that images created using 3d technology acquire the effect of three-dimensionality.

The main difference between three-dimensional pictures and two-dimensional images is the transfer of a geometric projection of a three-dimensional object onto a plane using special programs. Absolutely any object, real objects or natural phenomena can serve as a model for creating a 3d drawing.

The illusion of volume created with the help of three-dimensional graphics is widely used in architecture and construction - "living" walls, floors, "moving" facades significantly diversify apartments and building exteriors.

Scientists at all times, studying optical illusions, focused, as a rule, on the psychological and medical factors of this phenomenon, and only in recent years, experts have come to the unusual conclusion that the natural illusions of vision that exist in everyday life can themselves affect scientific observations, introducing an erroneous perception , which can lead to erroneous conclusions.

Not so long ago, when studying the features of single crystals, experts discovered that optical illusions constantly led to incorrect, highly distorted (25% or more) results of assessing the actual geometric parameters, and therefore, it is necessary to check all eye perceptions using scale rulers.

Moreover, almost all complex geometric shapes cause visual illusions, parallel lines, applied in large numbers on a sheet of paper, seem to be wavy, concentric circles begin to "move". This type of illusion includes the deceptions of distorting mirrors, optical illusions so well known to everyone since childhood.

An optical illusion is a deception of the human eye. Observations of some images leave visual illusions in our minds.

Optical illusion is an unreliable perception of certain visual information. A person, looking at an illusion, incorrectly assesses its size or shape, creating a deceptive image in the mind.

The reason for erroneous perception is the peculiarity of the structure of our visual organ. The physiology and psychology of vision allow us to make an incorrect final result, and instead of round shapes, a person is able to see square ones, and large pictures will seem small.

Illusion - an error of visual perception

Optical illusion can be divided into several main types:

• wrong color perception
• misperception based on contrast
• misperception of the size of an object
• misperception of image depth
• twisted illusion
• "changeling"
• illusions that move
• 3D pictures
• optical illusion contour

The human brain is capable of deceptively responding to certain images. It seems that the image moves or even changes its color only due to the fact that the brain perceives the visible light of some pictures.

Moving pictures optical illusion, photo

One of the most popular are the so-called moving pictures. The secret of this type lies in color and contrast perception.

It is enough to look at the center of this picture for a few seconds, then look away at one of the sides of the salad frame of the image, as the picture literally “floats”.

This illusion can be attributed to two types of "curvature of the form" and "moving illusion". Firstly, the uneven placement of the cubes allows us to conclude that the lines are crooked.

However, they are absolutely equal. Secondly, if you move the picture up and down using the slider on your monitor on the right, you can see how the cubes move and run.

Thanks to the textured image, it creates the feeling that the squares in the center of the picture are moving.

Due to the contrasting image of round discs, it seems that they are moving in different directions: clockwise and counterclockwise.

The patterns in the picture are of different sizes and stand out with bright contrasting colors. That is why it creates the feeling that the lines and curves are moving.

What are the pictures for optical illusion for children?

• Visual illusions are one of the most popular intellectual entertainment for children. Observations of such pictures allow you to develop the thinking of the child.
• He tries to understand why it happens that the desired is not presented as real.
• In addition, groups of eye muscles are exercised. This helps to improve blood circulation to the visual channel, which means it serves as a kind of prevention of blindness and other problems.

During the observation of illusions, the child exercises his logical thinking and develops the brain.

The most popular illusions for children:

Such an illusion helps the baby understand which animal is shown in the picture: a cat or a dog. The child analyzes all the external features and remembers the characteristics, in addition, he tries to visually turn the image around, which trains his eye muscles.

This illusion gives the child the opportunity to see a three-dimensional image. In order to do this, you need to bring your face closer to the image, direct your gaze to the middle, scatter your vision for five seconds, and then quickly focus. Such an activity intensively trains the muscles of the eyes and allows the child to develop vision.

Monotonous prints, arranged mirror to each other, allow the baby to find common features of external parameters in different animals.

This image allows you to develop abstract thinking: in the proposed picture you can see a simple branching tree. But if you read the contours correctly, the image of a newborn child will appear to your eyes.

What is an optical illusion hypnosis pictures?

Some images are called “pictures of hypnosis” because they can be misleading and a kind of trance when a person diligently tries to understand what is the secret of the drawn objects and why they move.

There is a belief that if you look at the center of a moving image for a long time, a person imagines how he is plunging into a deep tunnel without a bottom and an edge. It is this immersion that distracts him from other thoughts and his trance is comparable to hypnosis.

Illusion pictures in black and white, optical illusion in contrasts

Black and white are completely opposite colors. These are the most contrasting colors of all. Looking at such a picture, the human eye literally “doubts” which of the colors to pay the main attention to and that is why it turns out that the pictures “dance”, “float”, “move” and even appear in space.

The most popular black and white illusions:

The secret of the image is that the dashes on the lines are depicted in different directions and that is why it seems that the lines are not parallel at all.

These images allow us to see two images in one picture. The drawing is built on the principle of contour and contrasts.

In this illusion, for the effect, you need to peer at the red dot located on the image for a long time.

One minute will be enough. After that, the gaze is taken to the side and on any object you see what you previously observed only on the monitor.

What is optical illusion pictures 3d?

This type of illusion allows a person to literally “break the brain”. This is because the picture displays the location of objects in such a way that, firstly, they become voluminous on a plane, and secondly, sometimes they are too difficult to understand.

This picture makes the location of objects incomprehensible to a person: their sides and surfaces. Nevertheless, the picture is perceived in volume.

More complex images involve a person peering into the depth of the picture for a long time. It is necessary to completely disperse and split vision and after a while sharply restore it.

On a completely flat picture, a three-dimensional figure (in this case, a woman) with clear contours will appear.

Optical illusion pictures

Optical illusions of vision are errors that can occur in our vision. The causes of optical illusions are perceptual errors.

While viewing the picture, inexplicable movements, disappearances and appearances may occur. All this is justified by the physiological and psychological aspect of visual perception.

The secret of the illusion is that when we notice a small black object in the center, we do not pay attention to the surroundings.

Not a clear image of the contours allows you to see the elephant instead of four - eight legs.

Contrasting colors and indistinct borders of the picture allow the image to literally vibrate at the moment when we look at it and remain immobilized when we look at something else.

Based on a mirror image with an exact repetition of all forms.

Image Illusion: Dress, Illusion Explained

• The famous network "virus" and the joke "blue or gold dress" are based on the perception of vision, depending on the individual characteristics of each person.
• Once upon a time, everyone received a picture from friends in social networks with the caption “What color is the dress?”. And many of your friends answered this question in completely different ways: either blue or gold
• The secret of the perception of the picture lies in how your visual organ is built and in what conditions you observe this picture.
• In the retina of the human eye in each case there is a certain number of cones and rods. It is the quantity that plays the role of perception: for some it will be blue, for others it will be golden.

It is important to pay attention to the fact of lighting. look at the image in bright light - you will see a blue dress. Leave for half an hour in a dark room and then look back at the picture - most likely you will see a golden dress.

Double pictures optical illusion, what's the secret?

As mentioned earlier, the secret of this illusion is hidden in the complete repetition of the lines of the picture when it is mirrored. Of course, this can not be done in practice with every picture, but if you clearly choose the shape, you get quite an interesting result.

looking at this image, you need to decide for yourself: “What do you see first of all?” Of the possible options, you will see a young girl turned in profile with a feather in her headdress, or an old woman with a long chin and a big nose.

Of the more modern versions of the double image, paintings can be distinguished that simultaneously depict two separate drawings. In such cases, the features of one image are read in different lines.

Video: “Five most incredible optical illusions. Optical illusion"

Optical Illusion - Illusion Pictures with Explanations

Do not take optical illusions seriously, trying to understand and solve them, it's just how our vision works. This is how the human brain processes visible light reflected images.
Unusual shapes and combinations of these pictures make it possible to achieve a deceptive perception, as a result of which it seems that the object is moving, changing color, or an additional picture appears.
All images are accompanied by explanations: how and how much you need to look at the picture in order to see something that is not really there.

For starters, one of the most talked about illusions on the web is the 12 black dots. The trick is that you can't see them at the same time. The scientific explanation for this phenomenon was discovered by the German physiologist Ludimar Herman in 1870. The human eye stops seeing the whole picture due to lateral inhibition in the retina.

These figures are moving at the same speed, but our vision tells us otherwise. In the first gif, four figures move at the same time until they are adjacent to each other. After separation, the illusion arises that they move along black and white stripes independently of each other. After the disappearance of the zebra in the second picture, you can make sure that the movement of the yellow and blue rectangles is synchronized.

Carefully look at the black dot in the center of the photo while the timer counts down 15 seconds, after which the black and white image will turn into color, that is, the grass is green, the sky is blue, and so on. But if you do not stare at this point (to cheer yourself up), then the picture will remain black and white.

Without looking away, look at the cross and you will see how a green spot will run along the purple circles, and then they will completely disappear.

If you look at the green dot for a long time, the yellow dots will disappear.

Stare at the black dot and the gray bar will suddenly turn blue.

If you cut a chocolate bar 5 by 5 and rearrange all the pieces in the order shown, then an extra piece of chocolate will appear. Do this trick with a regular chocolate bar and it will never run out. (Joke).

From the same series.

Count the players. Now wait 10 seconds. Oops! Parts of the picture are still the same, but one football player has disappeared somewhere!

The alternation of black and white squares in the four circles creates the illusion of a spiral.

If you look in the middle of this animated picture, then you will go down the corridor faster, if you look to the right or left, then more slowly.

On a white background, the gray stripe looks uniform, but as soon as the white background changes, the gray stripe immediately takes on many shades.

With a slight movement of the hand, the rotating square turns into randomly moving lines.

Animation is obtained by overlaying a black grid on the drawing. Before our eyes, static objects begin to move. Even the cat reacts to this movement.

If you look at the cross in the center of the picture, then peripheral vision will turn the starry faces of Hollywood actors into freaks.

Two pictures of the Leaning Tower of Pisa. At first glance it looks like the tower on the right is leaning more than the one on the left, but the two pictures are actually the same. The reason lies in the fact that the human visual system considers two images as part of a single scene. Therefore, it seems to us that both photographs are not symmetrical.

In which direction does the subway train go?

This is how a simple change in color can make the picture come to life.

We look exactly 30 seconds without blinking, then we look at someone's face, object or another picture.

Warm-up for the eyes ... or for the brain. After rearranging the parts of the triangle, suddenly, there is free space.
The answer is simple: in fact, the figure is not a triangle, the "hypotenuse" of the lower triangle is a broken line. This can be determined by the cells.

At first glance, it seems that all the lines are curved, but in fact they are parallel. The illusion was discovered by R. Gregory in the Wall Cafe (Wall) in Bristol. Therefore, this paradox is called "The wall in the cafe."

Stare at the middle of the picture for thirty seconds, then move your gaze to the ceiling or white wall and blink. Who did you see?

An optical effect that gives the viewer a false impression of how the chair is standing. The illusion is due to the original design of the chair.

English NO (NO) turns into YES (YES) using curved letters.

Each of these circles rotates counterclockwise, but if you fix your eyes on one of them, it will seem that the second circle rotates clockwise.

3D drawing on asphalt

In which direction does the ferris wheel rotate? If you look to the left, then clockwise, if you look to the left, then counterclockwise. Perhaps you will have the opposite.

It's hard to believe, but the squares in the center are motionless.

Both cigarettes are actually the same size. Just place two cigarette rulers on top and bottom of the monitor. The lines will be parallel.

Similar illusion. Of course, these spheres are the same!

The droplets sway and “float”, although in reality they remain in their places, and only the columns in the background move.