How to raise blood pressure without pills at home. Classic massage for arterial hypotension

Physiotherapy today is considered an effective way to normalize blood pressure. Previously, it was believed that carrying out such a procedure at elevated pressure is prohibited, and self-massage with hypertension cannot be done, but today the opinion of doctors has changed. With hypotension, massage helps to stabilize pressure and improves the patient's well-being. To obtain the desired effect, it is important to know about the rules of the procedure.

With hypertension, high pressure indicators are observed, the values ​​\u200b\u200bof which can exceed 140/110. With hypotension, the situation is reversed, the pressure is below normal at the border of 100/60 or less, which is also the cause of poor health.

With high pressure, a person experiences a sharp deterioration in well-being. He may suffer from headaches, chest discomfort, tinnitus, flies in the eyes. With the appearance of arterial hypertension and very high rates, the consequences can be sad, the result of which can be a stroke, heart attack, or even death of a person. A characteristic symptom of low pressure is apathy, weakness, fatigue.

Carrying out massage helps to improve blood circulation and vascular tone, relieve spasms in problem areas.

As a result, the patient's condition and pressure indicators are normalized. At the same time, it is important that the massage is carried out by a competent specialist who has an idea about the anatomical features and techniques of massage in different situations, otherwise the patient's condition may worsen. With increased pressure, the session involves only a point impact in compliance with the rules of working with the patient.

Head massage is carried out in order to increase the pressure by relieving spasms of blood vessels and improving blood supply. The procedure involves the simultaneous action of the fingers of two hands. The session starts from the area of ​​the auricles, moving with the help of circular movements to the base of the skull and the back of the head. Gradually work out the surface of the head in full.

Rules for preparing for a massage

Any massage involves preliminary preparation of the patient for the procedure, the improper conduct of which can weaken the effect as a result of the reflex effect. The procedure is done in a special place designed for a session, during which the massage therapist stands.

The process looks like this:

• the patient prepares for the procedure by removing excess clothing;
• the patient lies down on a special massage couch;
• the specialist begins smooth stroking.

After preliminary preparation, the massage therapist smoothly proceeds to the technique, massaging and rubbing certain areas or conducting acupressure, depending on the goals.

Applied medical techniques

Today, there are several techniques, each of which involves the use of low or high pressure. It is mandatory that a person with experience is selected for treatment, and the procedure must be carried out by a qualified doctor.

You should first ask about the availability of special education from a specialist, available certificates, study the reviews of previous clients.

Massage treatment and the possibility of its appointment is determined by the attending physician, depending on the clinical picture. The session is carried out only in a satisfactory condition of the patient.

All massage techniques are based on the impact on the patient's body, as a result of which the appearance of reflexes is provoked, leading to a narrowing or expansion of blood vessels.

classical

The technique involves stroking and rubbing. If the technique is performed correctly, the patient relaxes, and the nervous system becomes less excitable. As a result, tension is removed from the walls of blood vessels, and pressure normalizes. After a classic massage, you can expect a decrease in headache, dizziness, the feeling of nausea and pulsation in the temples with hypertension disappears.

At reduced pressure, by improving the nutrition of tissues and enriching them with oxygen, the state stabilizes.

Use the following movements:

• strokes - contribute to the improvement of metabolic tissues, can be varied, including intermittent;
• rubbing - raise the tone, depending on the intensity and strength of the movements, excite or calm the nervous system;
• kneading - contribute to the activation of the movement of blood and lymph, are longitudinal and transverse;
• vibrations - able to affect the deep layers, as well as internal organs.

Classical technique always assumes a certain sequence with zones. The procedure begins with the cervical-collar region and ends with the abdominal area.

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The procedure involves a directed impact on certain points. In most cases, they are responsible for the work of a certain organ of the human body or are able to influence it. This technique requires a lot of knowledge and experience working with patients.

With acupressure, it is important to observe the following rules:

• accurately determine the point of impact;
• use the movement of pressure and vibration;
• the duration of the procedure varies from 30 to 40 minutes;
• the duration of exposure to the point is from 3 to 5 seconds.

Massage can be carried out when exposed to active points located on the neck, head and legs. With the correct technique of the procedure, the patient experiences a slight sensation of pleasant warmth in the place of pressure.

Execution Method

The specialist focuses on those parts of the body that are directly related to the passage of nerve pathways. The impact is on the vasomotor centers, which include the head, neck and collar zone. At the same time, in most cases, it tries to alternate areas.

Before starting the procedure, the specialist measures the pressure indicators, and if they are acceptable, a session is scheduled.

If the blood pressure is too high or the pressure is too low, the session is postponed. Stably stable large deviations from the norm are the reason for the refusal of physiotherapy and require therapeutic intervention.

Effective methods involve exposure for 1 minute to each of them. With increased pressure, the duration of the physiotherapy should not be more than 15 minutes. Massage is carried out in courses, the number of sessions is determined by the attending physician. On average, patients are prescribed 15 procedures. It is important to use the services of a qualified specialist, and not to skip between appointments. Even if there is a stable result, it is impossible to immediately abandon drug treatment.

For the collar area

The massaged patient is located on a chair, the head is placed on intertwined hands located on the table. This pose allows you to relax the muscles of the back and neck as much as possible. Movements are performed only in the direction up and down.

The execution technique involves:

• stroking;
• rubbing;
• spiral movements;
• imitation of chopping and sawing movements.

When performing massage movements, the impact force is on average 3 times less compared to other areas. Finish the massage with light strokes.

For the back

Massage well relieves spasms in the muscles of the back and normalizes well-being. All movements are performed only in the direction from the back of the head to the angle of each of the shoulder blades.

The impact sequence is as follows:

• rubbing is carried out in a straight line, then spiral movements are imitated;
• the zone is kneaded with fingertips;
• the impact on the spinous processes is carried out;
• the first step is repeated.

The session ends with light stroking movements.

For the neck

Kneading the neck relieves spasms and improves blood circulation, which leads to normalization of pressure. The specialist performs strokes in the area of ​​​​the process and lymph nodes, successively moving to the pectoral muscle, sternum and ribs.

The chin and collarbone are subjected to massage movements. When working are used:

• traditional strokes;
• pinching movements;
• rubbing;
• creating vibration.

The massage is completed with stroking movements.

For the head

The massage is performed on the patient, who during the procedure lies on his stomach, and the head is on his hands during the session. Movements start from the crown, moving towards the back of the head, forehead and temples.

The following movements are used in the process:

• light strokes with open fingers;
• imitation of zigzags and circles with your fingertips;
• light rubbing.

After the massage in these areas, the patient turns over, and the forehead area is treated, starting from the midline towards the temples. Finish the session with circular movements of rubbing in the area of ​​the temples.

Self-massage for hypotension

At home, in the absence of serious health risks, self-massage can be performed. This method is effective when it is necessary to raise the pressure without resorting to outside help. The massage technique involves a general orientation of the impact.

Particular attention is paid to the lower extremities, the abdomen and the lumbosacral zone.

In order to increase the pressure, use the following movements:

• intermittent strokes;
• rubbing at an energetic pace;
• active kneading;
• intermittent vibration.

Massage at low pressure should be intense and make you tone up. It is recommended to do a daily morning massage of the feet, neck and shoulders, which will “start” the processes of blood supply and the functioning of vital systems. To increase the efficiency and effectiveness of the procedure, physiotherapy will help to harden the body, which will increase blood circulation and increase vascular tone.

Contraindications

Before conducting a massage course, a consultation with the attending physician and permission to conduct it is required. The possibility of massage with hypertension is often determined by the form of the course of the disease. The primary stage is typical for 95% of cases, and often the pathology is caused by stress and addictions. It is with this form of the disease that massage will be effective.

In the secondary form, physiotherapy is ineffective or can provoke an even greater increase in blood pressure.

Contraindications for session appointments:

• hypertensive crisis;
• the last stage of hypertension;
• tendency to bleeding, problems with blood clotting;
• tuberculosis;
• tumor formations;
• heart disease requiring surgical intervention.

A contraindication to massage procedures may be a disorder of the digestive system. Physiotherapy is not performed in the presence of damage, the problem of pathological or purulent skin diseases. The ban on holding is imposed by mental disorders, a state of depression or fever.

Since the second half of the twentieth century, diseases of the cardiovascular system began to take the first place among the most common diseases leading to death: coronary heart disease, angina pectoris, coronary insufficiency, myocardial infarction and stroke. Among them is hypotension, which reduces efficiency, complicating the life of those who are sick with it.

How to do massage with arterial hypotension?

Hypotension, unlike hypertension, does not lead to serious organic damage to the heart and other internal organs, but it significantly affects the quality of life of the patient. Modern medicine does not lack medicines, including those of plant origin, which are successfully used in the treatment of hypotension. To choose the necessary drug for the patient is the doctor's business. However, those suffering from hypotension should not be limited to drug treatment alone. There are other measures for the prevention and treatment of the disease, the leading place among which, undoubtedly, is given to massage.

Skillful massage will not only relieve the patient, for example, of a headache, which is the most common symptom of hypotension, but also normalize blood pressure.

Types of massage for the treatment of hypotension

Among the methods of treating low blood pressure, massage is one of the most gentle and at the same time the most effective and physiological methods of treatment. There is an opinion that in the body "everything is reflected in everything." On any organ, on any tissue, part of the human body, you can find projections of other organs, tissues, body parts. Many types of massage are based on this principle, for example, segmental-reflex, Indian, reflexogenic, etc.

Of particular importance is segmental reflex massage.. In the same time massaging the feet or hands it is better to use for the prevention of low blood pressure, as well as in combination with classical methods.

Chinese acupressure with hypotension for several thousand years. It has long sought recognition in the West, and today it is one of the most popular types of massage.

Reminds me of Chinese acupressure japanese shiatsu technique, however, it is carried out with a different, simpler purpose. It is designed to awaken the internal reserves of the body to fight the disease. Its methodology is easier to understand. Applying the Shiatsu technique is especially good for disease prevention.

As you can see, there are many types of massage for hypotension. Try it and you will find the most acceptable one for yourself, the one that will help you better than others. We hope that this article will be useful to you.

Rules for performing massage in the treatment of hypotension

Further in the article you will find information about the rules for conducting procedures, the physiological effects of massage on various organs and systems of the body, especially on the heart and blood vessels. The technique of conducting massage and techniques (stroking, rubbing, kneading and vibration) will be outlined, which are the basis for many other types of massage. Here you can find a technique for doing massage on any parts of the body, primarily on those that are recommended for pressure disorders. The technique of self-massage, which is based on classical massage, deserves special attention. Here will be given descriptions of the same techniques and methods of massaging different parts of the body, but as applied to the case when the massager and the massaged are the same person. This massage can be very useful for hypertension and hypotension, as it can quickly relieve a person, for example, of a headache.

Body massaging technique for hypotension

The starting position of the patient is lying on his stomach. Begin massage with hypotension from the lumbosacral and gluteal muscles. Movements are directed from top to bottom, and on the lower back - from the spine to the iliac bones. Perform all tricks. Finished with a concussion of the pelvis.

Next, massage the back surface of the lower extremities. Perform planar and embracing stroking of the shins and thighs; rubbing the muscles of the legs and thighs with the ends of the fingers, palm, planing, sawing; kneading longitudinal and transverse; vibration (shaking, patting with the palm and fist across), gentle chopping, vibration stroking. Then the patient turns on his back.

Then proceed to massage the anterior surface of the lower extremities. Techniques are performed: planar and embracing stroking of the shins and thighs; rubbing with the palmar surface of the hand, fingertips; kneading longitudinal and transverse, felting; vibration stroking, patting, chopping, shaking limbs. There is no need to focus on the joints during massage.

Finish the massage in the abdomen.

Finishing steps:

planar circular superficial and deep stroking,

encircling stroking of the upper half of the abdomen to the axillary,

and the bottom - to the inguinal lymph nodes;

rubbing with the ends of the fingers, the ulnar edge of the palm,

hatching;

longitudinal and transverse kneading;

vibration in the form of shaking of the abdomen in the horizontal and vertical directions.

The duration of the massage is 15-20 minutes. The course of treatment of hypotension with massage - 15 - 20 sessions, carried out every other day.

Self-massage technique for hypotension

intermittent stroking,

vigorous rubbing,

kneading,

intermittent vibration.

Hardening procedures carried out immediately after the massage will help to fix the tonic effect.

Art. and below), associated with a disorder in the mechanisms of regulation of blood circulation of the nervous and endocrine (decrease in the hormonal function of the adrenal cortex) systems. The causes of the disease are different: infections, neuro-emotional overstrain, intoxication. Hypotension can also lead to peptic ulcer, myxedema, anemia. Low blood pressure is not always a disease, it can be physiological (for example, in athletes).

With hypotension, headache, dizziness, weakness, lethargy, apathy, fainting, pain in the heart appear, memory worsens, and working capacity decreases.

Massage for hypotension strengthens the body, improves the work of the cardiovascular, nervous (regulating blood circulation), muscle systems, metabolism, helps to learn how to correctly alternate between relaxation and muscle contraction. It is especially important to do self-massage regularly.

Massage procedures, as well as moderate physical activity, have a positive effect on hypotensive patients. The session is carried out in such positions in which the massaged areas of the body are accessible and, if possible, more completely relaxed, but comfortable and not tiring for the patient. The purpose of the procedure is to improve the functions of its departments that regulate the work of blood vessels by a reflex effect on the central nervous system.

Massage begins with the lumbar region. Combined stroking with two hands is performed in the direction from the pelvis up to the shoulder blades (4-5 times). Squeezing with the palm - with an edge or part from the side of the thumb and forefinger (4-6 times) on the long muscles, kneading - with the edge of the palm and forceps (3-4 times each), on the latissimus dorsi - double ring (3-4 times) and shaking (2-3 times).

After stroking and squeezing on the lower back (3-4 times), they start rubbing along the spine. Circular rubbing with the pads of the four fingers of both hands (fingers are placed perpendicular to the massaged surface near the spine; 4-6 times), squeezing (3-4 times), stroking (4-6 times). The whole complex is repeated at least 3-4 times.

In case of hypotension, a massage of the spinal segments S5-S1, L5-L1, D12-D6 gives a good result. All rubbing techniques are applied. The direction of the techniques performed are varied.

On the pelvic region, combined stroking (4-6 times), squeezing (3-5 times), kneading - ordinary and double ring (3-4 times each), squeezing (2-3 times), kneading again - with the pads of all fingers, shaking and stroking (3-4 times).

On the sacrum: rubbing - rectilinear and circular with the pads of the thumbs of both hands (3-5 times); rectilinear and circular combs of fists (4-6 times), squeezing and stroking (3-4 times).

After repeating the massage of the gluteal muscles according to the method described above, they move to the ilium: rubbing on the iliac crest with the pads of four fingers (3-5 times) and crests of the fists (3-4 times), stroking (4-6 times), spiral rubbing with the pads of four fingers (4-5 times).

Repeat back massage.

Back thigh massage. Stroking with two hands (4-6 times), squeezing transversely (4-6 times), shaking (2-3 times), kneading - ordinary and "double bar" (3-4 times each), stroking (2-3 times) , squeezing (3-4 times), shaking (2-3 times), kneading - double ring (2-4 times) and "double bar" (3-4 times), shaking and stroking (2-3 times). The same on the second thigh.

Now the front of the thigh. Stroking, squeezing with the edge of the palm, stroking and squeezing again (all - 2-3 times), kneading - ordinary and longitudinal (3-4 times), shaking (2-3 times) and stroking (3-4 times), squeezing (2-3 times), kneading - "double bar", double ring (3-4 times) and longitudinal (2-3 times), shaking with stroking (2-3 times). The same on the second thigh.

When massaging the calf muscle from a supine position, it is necessary to bend the leg at the knee and hip joints. On the calf muscle, after stroking, squeezing is done, kneading - ordinary and with the pads of four fingers, shaking, again kneading - "double bar" (all techniques - 3-4 times); in conclusion - shaking and stroking (2-3 times). After that, proceed to the anterior-tibial muscles.

Stroking (2-3 times), squeezing, kneading with the pads of four fingers, stroking and again squeezing, kneading - with the edge of the palm and phalanges of fingers clenched into a fist (all techniques - 3-4 times ); end the massage with stroking (2-3 times),

Repeat the massage on the calf muscle and move to the second lower leg. After the second leg is massaged and the calf muscle is massaged again, the massage of the lower back and pelvic region is repeated.

Abdominal massage (the best position of the patient is lying on his back). Combined stroking from the pubic bone up to the hypochondrium (4-6 times), squeezing with the edge of the palm (2-4 times), horseshoe-shaped stroking (clockwise; 4-6 times).

Massaged bends the legs at the knees and hip joints. This is followed by techniques: stroking (5-7 times) and squeezing (3-4 times) along the colon. After that, perform: stroking combined from the pubic bone up; ordinary kneading and squeezing (3-4 times); stroking (2-3 times) and shaking (4-6 times). Then stroking along the colon (3-4 times), squeezing (2-3 times), kneading - ordinary (2-4 times) and double ring (3-4 times), combined stroking and shaking (3-4 times ). The whole complex, observing the sequence of stages, can be repeated 2-3 times.

Blood pressure is an important indicator to determine how the cardiovascular system works. Low blood pressure, which can have a variety of causes and effects, is medically referred to as hypotension. Pathology is characterized by a chronic or acute drop in pressure, which in men can be below 100/60 mm. rt. Art., and in women - below 90/60 mm. rt. Art. However, in some cases, low pressure does not mean that a person is hypotonic - this condition can be attributed to the individual adaptive abilities of the body.

What are the causes of the disease?

The development of arterial hypotension is often caused by the wrong way of life of a person and the general state of his health. If low blood pressure is chronic, then most likely the cause of the disease is a genetic predisposition. According to statistics, if the father or mother is hypotensive, then the probability of inheriting the disease by their child is 90%. Moreover, in such cases, this will be considered a physiological norm, since the manifestation of unpleasant symptoms will rarely occur.

Hypotension can develop for other reasons:

1. With a decrease in blood volume, which occurs after heavy bleeding. These can be injuries, menstruation in women, hemorrhoidal bleeding. In addition, dehydration, which occurs with vomiting, diarrhea, or improper use of diuretics, leads to a decrease in blood.
2. Signs of hypotension occur with heart disease, since the work of this organ affects pressure. Failures in its work lead to a decrease in blood flow to the aorta. At the same time, the numbers on the tonometer decrease. In addition, hypotension is noted in people with malformations and heart failure.
3. Vegetative-vascular dystonia causes a violation of the autonomic nervous system and provokes low blood pressure.
4. The cause of hypotension in the elderly may be atherosclerosis. It leads to calcification of blood vessels, loss of their tone and ability to quickly compress and decompress. With this disease, the blood supply in the vascular center of the brain worsens.
5. Hypotension can be observed in people who are in a state of shock - hypovolemic, anaphylactic, painful or cardiogenic. The body tries to compensate for hypotension by activating the renin-angiotensin-aldosterone and sympathetic-adrenal systems.
6. With adrenal insufficiency or hypothyroidism, a decrease in pressure is also observed. In the first case, the adrenal cortex does not produce enough aldosterone, resulting in a decrease in sodium levels and the body becomes dehydrated. With a lack of hormones produced by the thyroid gland, the blood vessels lose their tone, and the heart muscle contracts more slowly, which leads to a decrease in blood pressure.
7. Acute hypotension can occur when a blood clot clogs a large vessel in the lung. In addition to low blood pressure, patients report dizziness, palpitations, and tinnitus. As a result of oxygen starvation in the brain, a stroke can occur.

Other possible causes of the disease

Other causes of hypotension include:

• anemia, in which there is a decrease in blood viscosity;
• infectious diseases;
• pregnancy;
• amyloidosis of the adrenal glands or their removal, which leads to a lack of catecholamines in the body;
• an overdose of drugs, such as diuretics or antihypertensives.

The main signs of hypotension

The symptoms and consequences of low blood pressure vary from patient to patient. If one patient constantly experiences a headache, then another hypotension is expressed in the form of mood swings, irritability, dizziness. Many people feel weak, lethargic, complain of general poor health.

In addition, the symptoms appear on different organs and systems of the patient:

1. Leather. In hypotensive patients, the skin is usually cold and pale in appearance. Patients have increased sweating and dark circles under the eyes, because the blood supply under them is insufficient. In the acute form of the disease, blue fingers and the nasolabial triangle are observed. If the reason for the decrease in blood pressure is caused by a malfunction of the thyroid gland, swelling, brittle hair, nails, and dry skin may appear.
2. GIT. Hypotension can lead to internal bleeding in the gastrointestinal tract, provoked by an ulcer. The patient experiences belching, heartburn, constipation or diarrhea, as well as pain in the abdomen. Pathology of the thyroid gland can lead to a decrease in the acidity of gastric juice and a deficiency of enzymes in it. This leads to indigestion and the development of dyspepsia.
3. CNS. If hypotension in a person was caused by shock, then his consciousness may be clouded. Disorders of the endocrine system are manifested by memory loss and lethargy. The patient feels constant drowsiness and fatigue.
4. Respiratory system. Since low pressure is the cause of oxygen starvation of tissues, the patient develops compensatory shortness of breath, which is especially evident during physical activity. In addition, the patient may experience wheezing and the appearance of pink sputum.
5. Vessels and heart. With low blood pressure, comorbidities and characteristics of the body can lead to increased tension and acceleration of contractions of the heart muscle.
6. Adrenal insufficiency in the presence of Addison's disease can lead to decreased muscle tone and fatigue. Perhaps the appearance of age spots and a decrease in blood sugar levels. There is a deterioration in memory and dispersion of attention. Abdominal pain may be accompanied by nausea, vomiting, or diarrhea.

Features of hypotension in women

Low blood pressure, symptoms and consequences in women have some features. Very often, the fair sex, wanting to bring their weight back to normal, “sit” on various diets, depleting their body and provoking the development of hypotension.

In addition, the disease can occur with anemia, excessive blood loss during menstruation, or with uterine fibroids.

At risk are also pregnant women who experience a hormonal surge during the period of bearing a child. A gradually growing belly provokes damage to the veins and a decrease in cardiac output, which leads to a decrease in blood pressure.

Diagnostic methods

The diagnosis of hypotension is made after the following activities:

• to determine the cause of the disease, the patient is asked for symptoms;
• the type of disease is established - pathological or physiological;
• regular pressure measurement;
• conducting an ECG;
• Doppler echocardiography.

How is the treatment carried out?

So that the consequences of low pressure in humans do not lead to disastrous results, hypotension must be treated comprehensively. The patient should change his lifestyle and take medications to increase arterial tone prescribed by the doctor. If the diagnosis revealed a disease that caused low pressure, then the first thing to do is to treat it.

To increase blood pressure, special drugs are used, but they must be taken carefully, strictly adhering to the doctor's recommendations. Most often, patients take "Fludrocortisone", "Midodrin", as well as tinctures of Eleutherococcus or ginseng.

Nutrition for hypotension

People with low blood pressure should pay special attention to nutrition. It is important to drink about 2 liters of drinking water per day. Sometimes you can afford a cup of strong tea or a cup of coffee. In the diet of a hypotonic person, salt and foods with a sufficient content of potassium, calcium, vitamins A, D, C, E and animal proteins should be present.

Massage and water treatments

To avoid the unpleasant consequences of low blood pressure, it is recommended to do massage, rubbing or kneading the shoulders, neck, and back during complex treatment. In the treatment of high blood pressure, hardening and periodic use of a contrast shower are considered effective methods. Morning exercises should be mandatory, you can also do morning jogging and swimming.

What are the consequences of low blood pressure?

In addition to the fact that the general condition worsens in a patient with reduced pressure, the disease is accompanied by a constant oxygen deficiency of the brain. Often a sharp jump in blood pressure leads to loss of consciousness. Therefore, if the state of health has worsened, you need to tell about it to the people who are nearby.

With low blood pressure, the consequences can be very different, since there is a possibility of reduced blood flow to the brain and heart. Because of this, many people experience constant dizziness, fainting, nausea, and vomiting. Hypotension is more often diagnosed in young people. With age, it gradually disappears. However, those who suffer from this disease should be under medical supervision. It is important to remember that an artificial increase in blood pressure over a long period of time can subsequently cause hypertension. And this disease is more dangerous for both health and human life.

Does acupressure help with hypotension

Massage for hypotension is one of the most effective means to help increase vascular tone, normalize blood circulation and get rid of the negative manifestations of low blood pressure. In the process of mechanical influences on various parts of the body, in the skin, muscles, ligaments, tendons and blood vessels, nerve endings are irritated, which causes a response from the body and all its organs. In addition, highly active substances are produced in the tissues that improve metabolic processes and accelerate the movement of lymph and blood in the body. Massage optimizes the work of the heart, tones the blood vessels, facilitates the outflow of venous blood.

With hypotension, the use of various massage techniques helps to relieve headaches, normalize the state of the nervous system and blood pressure levels. In addition, massage helps to mobilize the internal forces of the body to fight diseases that caused pathological hypotension.

Types of massage for hypotension

With low pressure, the massage should be energetic and tonic, so it is best done in the morning.

There are many types of massage, and the purpose of any of them for hypotension is to increase vascular tone, improve blood circulation and facilitate the work of the heart.

Segmental reflex massage. The method is based on the impact on certain parts of the body and spinal cord. Due to stroking and kneading, blood and lymph are “squeezed out” from the vessels and the speed of their current increases. With the help of techniques of "chopping", tapping, patting, the nerve endings of the skin are irritated, and a tonic effect is exerted on the vessels and capillaries.

Acupressure Chinese massage

Acupressure for hypotension is carried out by pressing on the main bioactive points located on:

• inner sides of the legs;
• on the wrists;
• forearms;
• feet.

Thanks to this, the work of the heart improves and vascular tone normalizes. Based on the patient's feelings, the masseur can choose the most effective areas of influence from all possible.

Self-massage for hypotension

To normalize pressure and improve well-being, you can use self-massage techniques for the head, lumbar region, hips, shins and feet, abdomen and cervical-collar zone. Techniques are used, such as stroking, rubbing, kneading, vibration. Before the independent use of techniques, consultation and training with a specialist is necessary. It is important to note that massage should be prescribed by the attending physician and carried out by a qualified specialist. During the procedure, the massage therapist pays attention to the reactions and sensations of the patient.

Basic massage techniques

In addition to a positive effect on the nervous and cardiovascular systems, massage has a general strengthening effect and improves the psycho-emotional state of a patient suffering from low blood pressure.

The basic tricks are:

• stroking - planar, wrapping, forceps, rake-shaped, cruciform, comb-shaped - improve metabolic processes in tissues and have a calming effect on the nervous system;
• rubbing - tongs-shaped, intermittent, rake- and comb-shaped, "sawing", "chopping" - have a tonic effect, increase or decrease the excitability of the nervous system, depending on the intensity of the impact;
• kneading - longitudinal, transverse, intermittent, stretching, rolling, shifting - activate blood flow and lymph flow, normalize the work of the central nervous system;
• vibrations - labile, continuous, shaking - affect the deep layers of tissues and internal organs.

During the massage, the specialist combines various techniques and their varieties. During the session, he monitors the patient's sensations, and also regulates the intensity and duration of exposure.

The sequence of the procedure

In the process of massage from hypotension, the cervical-collar region, the lumbosacral region, the muscles of the buttocks, abdomen and lower extremities are worked out. In the presence of headaches massage the head area.

Subsequence:

• Neck-collar zone. The posterior and lateral parts of the neck, scapular, subclavian regions are being worked out. The direction of massage movements is towards the shoulders and shoulder blades. Techniques: stroking (spiral, encircling, straight), rubbing, sawing, pressing and kneading.

• Lumbar region. Spinal zones, spinous processes, long back muscles are massaged. Techniques: stroking, rake-like rubbing, shading, kneading the back muscles by pressing and with displacement.
• Buttock area. Techniques: deep and superficial stroking, hatching, sawing, comb-like kneading, rubbing, shifting, patting, "chopping", shaking.
• lower limbs. Worked out alternately: hips, calf muscles, soles. Techniques: stroking, rubbing (spiral, rectilinear, comb-like), kneading (transverse, longitudinal), patting, shaking.
• Belly area. Massage the anterior abdominal wall, lateral surfaces of the abdomen, oblique muscles. Techniques: stroking in a clockwise direction, horseshoe-shaped squeezes, single and double ring kneading, stroking, spiral rubbing, sawing, shaking.

Physical activity, outdoor activities, water procedures will help to overcome the unpleasant symptoms of low blood pressure and always be in a cheerful mood.

Why does cardiomegaly occur?

The term "cardiomegaly" is used to refer to an enlarged heart and, in most cases, it does not mean the definition of a separate disease, but refers to a syndrome in which there is a change in the parameters, shape and total mass of the heart. Cardiomegaly can be congenital or acquired and can be detected in patients of various age categories. What is this syndrome, and why cardiomegaly occurs, we will tell in this article.

By itself, an increase in the size of the heart can be a natural process. Such processes can be observed in people engaged in physical labor, or athletes. With increased physical activity, the heart is forced to pump more blood, and myocardial fibers increase in volume. However, during the formation of cardiomeglia against the background of diseases, the heart affected by the disease is depleted, increases in size, and “training” and “development” of myocardial fibers do not occur. In such cases, its power is simply not enough to overcome the increased pressure in the circulatory system, it gradually wears out, and heart failure develops.

An increase in the size of the heart is more often detected during physical (percussion) or instrumental (ECG, radiography, Echo-KG) examination of the patient. In most cases, such a "find" is detected by chance, for example, when undergoing examinations for other diseases. Sometimes cardiomegaly is detected when a patient presents with complaints of an indefinite nature:

• increased fatigue;
• weakness;
• discomfort in the region of the heart;
• dyspnea;
• heartbeat;
• edema, etc.

Causes of congenital cardiomegaly

SARS during pregnancy contribute to the development of malformations in the fetus, including cardiomegaly.

Congenital cardiomegaly is extremely rare and has an unfavorable course. According to statistics, about 45% of babies recover, 25% survive, but they develop left ventricular failure, and about 30% of children with this pathology die in the first 2-3 months of life.

The causes of the development of congenital cardiomegaly can be various hereditary factors:

• Ebstein anomaly;
• autosomal dominant and autosomal recessive syndromes;
• congenital heart defects;
• viral and infectious diseases suffered by the mother during pregnancy;
• adverse factors affecting the body of the expectant mother (ionizing radiation, smoking, etc.).

Along with an increase in the volume of the chambers of the heart, hypertrophy of the walls of the ventricles is often observed and, as a result, the mass of the heart exceeds the norm by 2-2.5 times. This pathology can be combined with small- or large-focal cardiosclerosis, expansion of the openings of the atrioventricular valves and the presence of blood clots on the valves and in the cavities of the heart.

Congenital cardiomegaly can be detected in the fetus (during an ultrasound examination) or makes itself felt suddenly after a short period of time after the birth of the child. Sometimes during childbirth, a newborn with cardiomegaly may have severe asphyxia or birth trauma of the central nervous system. Parents of a newborn may notice severe shortness of breath, tachycardia and frequent infectious diseases in the child.

Causes of acquired cardiomegaly

Myocardial hypertrophy, which occurs as a result of compensatory reactions that occur in response to increased physical activity, never leads to a significant increase in heart size and cardiomegaly. Pathological enlargement of the heart is caused by symptoms of heart failure, rhythm disturbance, neoplastic processes, or the accumulation of metabolic products.

In some cases, one of the chambers of the heart initially enlarges (partial cardiomegaly). Subsequently, such structural changes cause the development of total cardiomegaly. With diffuse myocardial dystrophy and diffuse myocarditis, total cardiomegaly can develop immediately. Also, the severity of an increase in the size of the heart depends on the severity and duration of the disease provoking it.

Also, cardiomegaly can be provoked by diseases of other organs and systems, various metabolic disorders and myocardial dystrophy, which is caused by diseases of the endocrine system. Causes of enlargement and dilatation of the heart can be:

1. Endocrinopathy (Conn's syndrome, Itsenko-Cushing's disease, hypercortisoneism of a different nature). Various endocrinopathies that occur against the background of arterial hypertension lead to changes in the state of the myocardium. Subsequently, overload of the heart causes the formation of hypertrophy and dilatation of the chambers of the heart.
2. Diabetes. The disease leads to the development of atherosclerosis of the coronary vessels and typical ischemic heart disease. Subsequently, the patient increases the size of the heart and develops heart failure.
3. thyrotoxicosis. An excessive level of thyroid hormones leads to their toxic effects on the muscle fibers of the heart, myocardial dystrophy and the development of atrial fibrillation. These changes provoke the formation of cardiomegaly.
4. Hypothyroidism. An insufficient amount of thyroid hormones leads to the development of myxedema, which is accompanied by a rare pulse, low blood pressure, congestion in the pulmonary circulation and heart failure. These changes lead to an increase in the chambers of the heart and myocardial hypertrophy.
5. Acromegaly. Excessive secretion of growth hormone leads to metabolic disorders and an increase in the size of the body and organs of the patient (including the heart).
6. Neuromuscular diseases. Friedreich's ataxia, Steinert's disease, Duchenne's dystrophy and other diseases lead to myocardial damage and the development of arrhythmias. With progressive ailments, the patient develops cardiomegaly and heart failure.
7. Hemochromatosis. This disease is accompanied by the deposition of iron (hemosiderin) in the tissues of parenchymal organs (including the heart).
8. Glycogenosis. This hereditary pathology is caused by a metabolic disorder and is accompanied by the deposition of glycogen in various tissues and organs (including the heart).
9. amyloidosis of the heart. In hereditary or secondary amyloidosis, amyloid (a glycoprotein consisting of fibrillar proteins) is deposited under the pericardium, which, accumulating, leads to the development of cardiomegaly and heart failure.
10. Fabry disease. This disease is hereditary, and only men can get sick with it. Against the background of the disease, arrhythmias, cardiac conduction disorders, cardiomegaly and heart failure develop.
11. Gargoylism. This disease, associated with the deposition of mucopolysaccharides in tissues, begins to manifest itself at the age of 1-2 years and occurs only among boys. With gargoylism, various organs are affected and dilated cardiomyopathy develops, which leads to the formation of cardiomegaly, coronary artery disease and severe heart failure.
12. Obesity. An increase in body weight leads to damage to the cardiovascular system and obesity of the heart (fat deposition in the connective tissue layers of the myocardium). Such changes lead to the development of arterial hypertension, a decrease in the contractility of the heart muscle, hypertrophy and dilatation of the heart chambers.
13. Anemia. In severe anemia, the volume of circulating blood increases and the total vascular resistance decreases. These changes lead to disruption of the heart and cardiomegaly.
14. Renal failure. In renal failure, cardiomegaly develops due to arterial hypertension, hypervolemia and anemia.
15. True polycythemia. Difficulty in blood circulation and increased blood viscosity, which develop in this malignant tumor process of the blood, leads to an increased load on the heart and the development of cardiomegaly.

Also, the use of certain cardiotoxic and anticancer drugs can lead to the development of cardiomegaly:

• anthracycline compounds: Daunorubicin, Epirubicin, Doxorubicin, Idarubicin;
• Adriamycin;
• Hydrolasine;
• Novocainamide;
• Methyldopa.

When determining during the examination an increase in the size of the heart to identify the cause of cardiomegaly, the patient is assigned a comprehensive examination. Usually this symptom is found in the subacute or chronic stage of the disease, and timely and correct treatment of the underlying pathology can significantly reduce the risk of developing severe complications.

Massage technique for hypotension

In the treatment and prevention of hypotension, there are different ways to massage.

In other cases, general massage is more effective.

For secondary prevention of hypotension, massage of the lumbosacral region, gluteal muscles, lower extremities and abdomen is indicated.

The sequence of the massage

1. The starting position of the patient is lying on his stomach.

2. Massage should begin with the lumbosacral and gluteal muscles. Movements should be directed from top to bottom, and on the lower back - from the spine to the iliac bones. The following techniques are performed: combined stroking with two hands (4–5 times), squeezing with the palm of the hand on the long muscles (4–6 times), kneading with the edge of the palm and forceps (3–4 times), double ring kneading on the latissimus dorsi (3–4 times), shaking (2-3 times).

3. After that, circular rubbing along the spine is performed with the fingertips of both hands (4-6 times), squeezing (3-4 times), stroking (4-6 times). Consistently repeat the described techniques 3-4 times, after which they proceed to massage the back surface of the lower extremities.

4. Planar and encircling stroking of the legs and thighs (5 times), rubbing the muscles of the legs and thighs (3 times), longitudinal and transverse kneading (3 times), vibration stroking (2 times) are performed. Massage first one, then the other leg.

5. Then the patient assumes a supine position. The massage of the anterior surface of the lower extremities is carried out with the following techniques: planar and encircling stroking of the shins and thighs (4-5 times), rubbing with the palmar surface of the hand, fingertips (3-4 times), longitudinal and transverse kneading (2-3 times ), vibration stroking (3-4 times). Finish by shaking the limbs.

The room in which the massage is performed must be well ventilated in advance.

The air temperature in it should be comfortable for the patient.

6. The procedure is completed with a massage of the abdomen, while the patient slightly bends the legs at the knee joints. At this stage, the following openings should be performed: planar circular superficial and deep stroking (5–6 times), stroking the upper half of the abdomen to the axillary lymph nodes, and the lower half to the inguinal ones (3–4 times), rubbing with the fingertips and the ulnar edge palms (3-5 times), longitudinal and transverse kneading (2-3 times). The whole complex of techniques in sequence can be repeated 2-3 times, but the total duration of the procedure should not exceed 20 minutes. The recommended course is 15-20 procedures, they should be carried out every other day.