Yorkshire Terrier is a decorative dog breed. Yorkshire Terrier - a decorative dog breed Report about the Yorkshire Terrier

The Yorkshire Terrier is one of the most popular dogs in the world today.

These cute and smart dogs can be found both in the company of world-famous stars, and in the usual sleeping area of ​​any city.

But wherever they meet, they always evoke affection and positive emotions.

After all, it’s impossible not to smile when you meet this miniature beauty (or handsome man) on whose golden head a bow flaunts, and her eyes express curiosity, interest, and a warning at the same time that you should not make sudden movements towards his owner, otherwise you can be barked .

Despite their small size, they are very bold and lively, but this does not prevent them from getting along well in the house with all family members and other pets.

History of occurrence

There is no exact information about their origin. The data found in various sources are often contradictory.

The only thing that most of them agree on is that the breed was bred in the north of Britain in the county of Yorkshire, by crossing various hunting breeds.

Initially, Yorkies were engaged in the extermination of rodents and hunting for small predators. But gradually they moved from the category of hunting dogs to the category of domestic ones.

And thanks to their cheerful nature and sophisticated appearance, they became favorites not only of the common people, but also among aristocrats.

During the reign of Queen Victoria, the appearance in society without such a dog was considered bad manners.

Appearance

Due to its small stature (an adult dog no more than 23 centimeters high), the Yorkshire Terrier belongs to the breed of small dogs.

The Yorkie has a fur coat made of long and beautifully hanging silky fur on both sides of the body.

The color of these terriers sounds very noble - old gold with old silver, that's where there is so much refinement and grandeur in it.

Most often, the head and chest are covered with a chocolate tan, and a silver-gray coat develops on the upper part of the body and tail, but there are also dogs with black and fiery red hair.

Only born terriers are black in color with slight patches of chocolate-red tint on the paws and muzzle.

You can sometimes find a Yorkie with creamy white highlights on the strands of wool. Such specimens are an order of magnitude higher than their counterparts. Unscrupulous breeders, knowing about the increased cost of such a puppy, can artificially lighten the coat of an animal and thereby deceive the buyer.

Wool has no undercoat, so it practically does not fall out.

In its structure and ability to grow continuously, wool is very similar to human hair. And thanks to all this, it practically does not cause allergic reactions.

The head is small and flat in part of the skull, the black nose is located on the muzzle of medium length, white even ones are placed in a small mouth.

Eye color varies from dark espresso to dark chocolate. The small ears are always upright and resemble an inverted "W".

Separately, I would like to note one of the varieties of this breed - "baby face" (translated from English - a child's face). They achieved great popularity thanks to a shorter muzzle and large eyes, all this together gives the expression of the muzzle a childlike feature.

Compared with the standards, the face's skull is more rounded, the muzzle is shorter, the ears are set lower, the eyes are large and bulging with a surprised expression.

For exhibitions, "baby face" is not used, since they do not fall under any of the classic standard parameters.

Because of the bulging eyes, "faces" suffer from chronic conjunctivitis and narrowing of the tear duct. In a dream, it can make a sound similar to snoring and grunt during active games. All this is due to the shortened muzzle.

main parameters

Like all animals, the basic parameters change throughout its life. This is especially noticeable in the first year of his life:

First month. A puppy is born with a weight of 100 to 150 grams, and has a black coat color. By the end of the first month of life, their weight becomes more than 500 grams, and red hair appears on their heads.

Second month. By the end of the second month, the puppy's weight is about 900 grams, and two rows of milk teeth flaunt in the mouth.

third month. At this stage of life, the Yorkie's ears acquire an upright position. Weight can reach an indicator from 1000 to 1100 grams.

fourth month. The formation of the chest occurs (the bones become more powerful). Average weight fluctuates around 1500 grams.

Fifth month. The body begins to grow in length. The process of replacing milk teeth with permanent teeth begins. Weight from 1500 to 2000 grams.

sixth month. The growth of the animal noticeably slows down.

seventh month. The limbs become more developed. The process of changing milk teeth is completely finished.

eighth month. The color of the coat gradually changes to a permanent one.

By the end of the first year of life, the Yorkshire Terrier is gaining strength. The weight of the animal is from 2000 to 2500 grams.

These indications are not generally binding and may vary depending on the development and care of the animal.

According to statistics, the average life expectancy is 13-14 years. There were cases when the pet lived for 20 years.

When you get to know a Yorkie better, you are surprised how much strength, energy, assertiveness, fidelity and friendliness this seemingly miniature dog has.

On some subconscious level, he feels the mood of his master, if his master is sad, then the Yorkie will surely distract him from sad thoughts through a simple game or simply make funny faces. This little brave man, without hesitation, will rush to protect his beloved owner or his territory.

But, despite this, they are very friendly and find a common language with other animals and get along well in the same territory. The owner will never be bored, as this kid loves active games, running a lot, jumping over small obstacles.

Yorkies are sometimes very noisy: they may begin to bark at an ordinary fly.

But such antics must be stopped from childhood, otherwise they will "sit on the neck." lend themselves easily, so you need to gently, but at the same time with leading notes in your voice, instill norms of behavior.

Then it will be possible to go for a walk without a leash in full confidence that the pet will execute the command the first time. If the owner does not have a note of leadership, the dog can feel it and get spoiled.

Also, training should not be entrusted to children, although the Yorkie loves children and gets along well with them, he is unlikely to feel a leader in them.

Care

In order for the dog to calmly relate to various procedures and manipulations, it must be taught to them from puppyhood.

Every morning, the baby, and subsequently the adult, wash their eyes. To begin with, cotton swabs or discs soaked in warm boiled water are taken (a weak warm decoction of chamomile is still suitable) and the eyes are carefully washed in the direction from the outer corner to the inner.

Every morning we cut out regrown hairs on the ears. Once every 10 days, the hair between the fingers and paw pads is removed, and the nails are trimmed.

Wool participating in exhibitions after bathing should be wound on hairpins. To do this, the wool is divided into strands, wound on a piece of paper and fixed with an elastic band. Every 3-4 days, the papillots change, the coat is carefully combed.

It is necessary to carefully monitor the smoothness of the coat and avoid tangling. If this nevertheless happened, then in no case should you cut it off, but simply carefully disassemble each hair with your hands.

Washing should be done every 7-10 days. The wool is thoroughly soaked under running warm water, then a special one is applied. It is best to repeat the soaping procedure twice.

The foam is thoroughly washed off. After applying a balm or conditioner. Wool is first blotted with water with a towel, and then dried under a stream of warm air, while using a comb for styling.

For dogs not participating in exhibitions, haircuts are best. Today there are a great many of them, but the owner can make it to his liking.

Once a week, her teeth are brushed with a special toothpaste. And once a year you should visit the dentist.

The simplest and least troublesome type of food is industrial food (dry food and canned food). It already contains all the necessary products, vitamins and minerals.

The main thing is to choose high-quality and proven food that will not cause allergies and disrupt the functioning of the gastrointestinal tract.

When choosing a natural way of feeding, the question arises about the correct and. To do this, the daily diet should include freshly prepared meals with the addition of vitamins and minerals. To compile such a menu, it is best to contact your veterinarian.

When a puppy from home gets a new home, it is necessary to make some preparations before this day and learn some rules:

To protect the puppy, lift higher and secure the wires well, remove small objects from the floor.

Make sure that the shoes of the residents of the house are in a specially designated place.

Prepare a place where the baby will sleep, it is better if it is a house.

Each member of the family should remember that it is better to take a puppy in your arms as little as possible.

When you bring your baby home, put him on the floor and give him time to get to know the new environment. After 20-30 minutes, call him and treat him with a piece of boiled meat.

The most important rule is to love the animal and take care of it!

Video

We suggest you look through some very useful tips on keeping Yorkies. The author of the video will tell you what difficulties you will have to face and how to deal with them.

The decorative breed of the Yorkshire Terrier has several variants of occurrence, so scientists have not agreed on the appearance of these small creatures. But in one they agree - the ancestors of modern Yorkies were wolf-shaped dogs that lived many centuries ago. This judgment is based on the same set of chromosomes in ancient and modern dogs. From this article you will learn the main versions of the appearance of Yorkshire Terrier dogs.

Despite the fact that there is practically no documentation or accurate evidence that tells about the origin of dogs, scientists believe that ancient terrier-like rat-catchers can be considered their ancestors. To confirm this version, they cite the works of the writer Apir, who lived in the second century BC, in which he mentions a miniature terrier named Agass.

The manuscripts of the Roman naturalist Pliny the Elder, who lived in the first century AD, also describe miniature dogs discovered by the Romans in the British Isles. Many archaeologists, based on these records, believe that the history of Yorkshire Terrier breed dogs begins precisely with the British Isles, from where sailors took them to different countries.

In the seventh century AD, King Dagobert I of the Franks passed a law forbidding the killing of a hunting dog that resembled a modern-day Yorkie in its description.

Dr. J. Caius, personal doctor of Elizabeth the First Tudor, Queen of England, in 1570 published a book in which he mentions miniature dogs - owners of a silky and shiny cover that falls down the sides of the body to the very ground. He associates their origin with local small terriers, which were kept by small game hunters.

In Scotland, King James VI of Scotland (aka James I of England), who reigned in 1605, describes in his works Scottish burrowing dogs that looked like a Yorkie today.

Long-haired terriers with silky hairs are also mentioned in their records:

• Dr. Johnson in 1773;
• Thomas Bell in 1837.

Major Versions

Version one

A relatively recent breed - in the second half of the nineteenth century - the Yorkshire Terrier dog breed was bred in Great Britain.

It is worth noting such an interesting fact that initially small terrier-like dogs were used as hunters for various small rodents. The owners of these dogs were mostly the poor. After all, they were not allowed to have dogs of large sizes, which were used by poachers.

According to the first version, researchers believe that the Waterside Terrier, known in the late eighteenth and early nineteenth centuries, is the closest ancestor of the modern Yorkie. History also preserved a description of such a terrier: a miniature dog with long hair, blue-gray.

It was the Waterside Terrier that the poor kept as guards of their property from small rodents, and merchants took them with them on trading trips for the same purpose.

Another interesting fact: scientists believe that terrier-like dogs helped miners in the search for underground gas. In those days, according to English law, miners could not take dogs deep into the mines. But since these animals easily fit under clothing due to their diminutive stature, they could be carried around unnoticed.

The upper strata of English society, having noticed in the small rat-catcher terrier to become and nobility, began to breed more miniature representatives of the new breed. The nobility began to give each other the resulting dogs as a special sign of attention.

Some scholars consider Maltese, the Maltese, to be the ancestors of modern Yorkies. Perhaps they were crossed with Yorkshire Terrier dogs to improve the quality of the coat. Although many scientists question this interesting fact, referring to the fact that the Maltese lapdogs have hanging ears and a completely white coat.

Manchester Terriers from Manchester are also considered to be the closest ancestor of the Yorkshire Terrier breed. Breeders were able to develop a subspecies of the long-haired Manchester Terrier with high-quality wool - shiny and silky.

Version two

The second version of the origin of representatives of this breed tells of such an interesting fact that the ancestors of modern Yorkies were brought at the end of the eighteenth century to the counties of Yorkshire, as well as to Lancashire from Scotland. Scottish workers, due to the lack of jobs in their homeland, moved to the territory of northern England in search of good earnings.

They brought small dogs, calling them Scottish Terriers (Scotch Terriers). After some time, such varieties of the Scottish breed of dogs appeared as the Paisley Terrier, Clydesdale Terrier, Cairo Terrier, Skye Terrier.

Despite the fact that Paisley Terriers and Clydesdale Terriers have never been registered as independent breeds, it is them, according to the second version, that are considered to be the ancestors of modern Yorkshire Terriers.

An absolutely new line of dogs was decided to be developed by weavers who began working in newly built English factories. As a result of long and painstaking work, they were able to get a dog with a silky coat that reaches the ground. She had a basic steel-gray color, as well as golden-brown patches of wool.

But the resulting Yorkshire terriers weighed a little more - six to seven kilograms, and had a slightly elongated body. The new line of the Yorkshire Terrier breed quickly became the most popular terrier breed in existence at that time.

The most important of the first famous representatives of the breed in history is the Yorkshire terrier named Huddersfield Ben from Huddersfield. He was born as a result of inbreeding - inbreeding, in 1865. Unfortunately, he did not live long, only six years - he was shot down by the crew. But after him left a huge offspring and seventy-four exhibition prizes.

The English Kennel Club registered the Yorkshire Terrier as a separate breed in 1886. The first society dedicated to the breeding of representatives of this breed was formed in 1898.

There is very little information about the development of Yorkshire Terriers during World War II. There are only a few notes about the English exhibition in 1947, in which representatives of this breed participated.

In Germany, the Yorkshire Terrier was registered as a separate breed in 1940.

Despite the fact that dogs were brought to America in 1872, the American Kennel Club registered the breed only in 1878. In the fifties of the twentieth century, Yorkshire terriers ceased to be popular.

The popularity of this breed was returned by the following interesting fact: during the war, one of the American soldiers named Bill Wine accidentally discovered a representative of the Yorkshire terrier breed and gave him the nickname Smokey. He later sold her to Corporal William Wynne.

This dog helped military engineers build an airfield - climbed through narrow underground pipes and laid a cable, thereby saving time and effort for military workers.

Smokey also helped the wounded in hospitals - she entertained them with all sorts of tricks, following the nurses everywhere. Because of this, it is considered to be the first treatment dog.

In the post-war period, she played in films and participated in various shows. Since her death, six monuments have been erected in her honor throughout America.

The York came to Russia in 1971 as a gift to the famous Russian ballerina Olga Lepeshinskaya. Mytishchi nursery, opened in 1991, became the very first in all of Russia. At the moment, there are more than seventy-five official nurseries in Russia.

What do you know about this breed? Tell us in the comments.

At the time when Scottish farmers and English miners bred the Yorkshire Terrier to fight rats on farms, stables and mines, people probably did not know that this small, determined and active rat racing dog would become the most famous salon beauty in the future - a symbol of wealth and security.

Modern Yorkshire Terriers

The Yorkshire Terrier, whose standards have been deduced for many years, is currently a very popular breed. Its representatives live both in rich houses and in ordinary apartments. And the reason for this was the most beautiful characteristics of the breed: non-shedding, odorless wool, miniature size of the animal, plasticity of behavior, stable psyche, which makes it easy to adapt to life in urban conditions.

However, fashion and popularity do not always benefit purebred dogs. The Yorkshire Terrier found itself in such a situation. The breed standard is not always maintained at the present time. The high cost of puppies determines the desire of unscrupulous breeders to cash in on the sale of offspring and at the same time not bother to control the exterior and psyche. Once in families, such dogs become wonderful companions and friends, but there are also incidents that can cause trouble for the owners: animals can mark territory, snap, bite, spoil furniture or bark at all passers-by. This doesn't happen often, but it does happen. A real Yorkshire terrier will never allow himself such behavior in his life. The breed standard assumes not only the presence of external characteristics, but a certain behavior and character.

Features of the Yorkshire Terrier

The coat is the main feature that the Yorkshire Terrier boasts. The breed standard calls for a silky, downless coat that resembles human hair. It is very soft and beautiful, and therefore requires constant care. Every day it needs to be combed, and for those individuals who participate in exhibitions, before going for a walk, you definitely need to wind the wool on papillots. Such a laborious procedure will help preserve the hairy part, protect it from damage and prevent the appearance of split ends, because in exhibition specimens the hair is longer than the height of the animal.

The Yorkshire Terrier, whose standard (photo is given in the article) assumes the presence of a long beautiful coat, can sometimes have a brittle and puffy pile. Properly selected cosmetics and regular combing will help to cope with such a problem. Even if such care does not give a result, and the coat gets tangled, then there's nothing to be done - this is a genetic characteristic that cannot be changed.

There is another feature that the Yorkshire Terrier has. The breed standard does not limit the size of animals. Minimum height and weight are not specified. Therefore, the situation with the size of dogs is ambiguous. Some breeders oppose large species of this breed, while others seek to breed very small creatures that have a hysterical character and poor health. Amateur breeding of aggressive or cowardly dogs leads to the fact that the owners of such a pet will have to take it to a zoopsychologist for behavioral correction already in the first year of life. To avoid all these problems, you need to get a healthy and not very small puppy.

standard, breed description

The first publications about the standard date back to 1986. It should be noted that it was supplemented and changed several times. The current RKF Yorkshire Terrier standard with the latest additions was published on 10.11.2011.

An interesting fact is that the minimum size of the animal (weight and height) is not indicated. It's hard to imagine, but the terrier is listed in the Guinness Book, whose height is only 6.5 centimeters.

What is the modern Yorkshire Terrier? The breed standard describes the animal as a cheerful and active companion with amazing silky long hair that falls apart on the back in the form of a parting.

The dog has a compact strong body and graceful posture.

Considerable attention in the standard is paid to the nature of the animal. The dog must certainly be inquisitive, active, friendly towards people, without any bouts of nervousness and aggression. A balanced and lively character is most acceptable for this breed, which makes it a salon dog and a good companion.

How tall is a Yorkshire Terrier? Standard sizes are not limited.

Terrier appearance

How does the Yorkshire Terrier (standard) look like? The description of the animal should begin with the head. It should not be large, stand out with long ears, a rounded skull or an elongated muzzle. The nose of the terrier is certainly black, the eyes are small. The muzzle has a smart expression. The ears are set in the shape of the letter V and covered with red hair.

Whatever the size of the Yorkshire Terrier, the standard (the photo is given in the article) prescribes to follow the teeth without fail. The dog must have a scissor bite, the incisors must be strictly vertical, and there can be no distance between the lower and upper teeth. A serious disadvantage is the absence of several teeth in the animal.

A compact, well-built body allows the Yorkshire Terrier to move actively without effort.

Color according to the standard

The standard describes very accurately both the coat itself and its color. Currently, there are a variety of Yorkshire Terriers, their colors vary from black to bright red. But a real thoroughbred dog has a black saddle with a bright red tan. As they grow older, the black shade is replaced by steel, but bright tan should not fade.

The red color of the coat should not rise on the front legs above the elbow joint, and on the hind legs - above the hock. Quite long hair grows on the muzzle in the region of the base of the ears.

The dog must move freely and in a straight line. In the latest edition of the standard, it was even stated that the coat should not interfere with the movement of the animal.

Serious shortcomings of the breed are: wrong color, timid or aggressive behavior.

What is

Speaking about this breed, it should be clarified (standard). How long will a dog please its owners?

The Terrier breed standard implies good health of the animal. Individuals of this species live from twelve to fifteen years, and some - up to twenty. At the same time, their age does not affect their behavior, even in advanced years they run and have fun, like little puppies. Therefore, if we talk about how long Yorkshire terriers live (standard), we can safely say that they will delight their owners for many years.

But as for them, they do not have such a strong body and are more prone to various kinds of diseases. The average duration of their existence is from seven to nine years. However, it should be borne in mind that mini-terriers have very brittle and fragile bones and a weak, even frail body - it is so inherent in nature. Therefore, bad situations often happen to them. Such pets require increased attention from the owners, as they can damage, dislocate or break their paw, even jumping off the couch. They are so small that you can step on them or pinch the door. Therefore, you should not buy such a dog for those who have small children.

The weight standard for the Yorkshire Terrier, as we have already said, is not specified, but the breeders know that it should be approximately 3.1 kg. Mini terriers usually weigh no more than two kilograms.

Small Yorkies (from one to two kilograms)

Yorkshire terrier (mini) is an adornment of a woman's handbag or pocket. It's hard to find it in an apartment. Such a pet easily gets along with all the inhabitants of the house: from people to mice and hamsters, chinchillas. The small standard of Yorkshire Terriers suggests that they eat little, but have a very capricious nature. The dog can't stand being alone. But she is not so much interested in games as she has a great desire to just sit in her master's arms. This species is completely unsuitable for breeding. In addition, you need to remember that such an animal requires a lot of attention even in terms of safety. It can be easily pinched or crushed. Children should be especially careful, because they love to play with animals, and little Yorkies should be treated with special care.

Yorkshire Terrier (standard)

The Yorkshire Terrier is an ideal dog for breeding and show career. He is a great friend on long journeys, a good companion for children. The Yorkshire Terrier is not only an excellent sportsman and watchman, but also a wonderful nanny. He easily learns circus tricks.

But the coat of the animal will require careful care from you. There is a lot of it, and therefore very often Yorkies are sheared, they give intricate shapes to the hairline. Such a dog is suitable for keeping in any family.

What is the difference between standard and mini terrier?

Nowadays, many tend to have mini-Yorks, because they are so small and cute. Apparently, such popularity affected the price, since the breed standard is cheaper than a cute baby. Although you need to understand that the mini terrier does not carry breeding value.

What is the difference between the Yorkshire terrier mini and standard? The difference between these animals is quite large, even though they belong to the same breed:

1. Small Yorkies should not be taken into a family with small children. The bones of the animal are very fragile, and therefore it is very easy to cripple it.
2. A mini puppy needs constant supervision: he should not be allowed to jump from a sofa or bed, as he can dislocate his paw and hit his head.
3. You can not knit girls in miniature sizes. The "dimensions" and weight of the animal do not allow giving birth and bearing offspring. The dog may simply die.
4. In small Yorkies, the fontanel does not overgrow, and therefore you need to be very careful with it.
5. As for standards, they are healthier and live longer. They are always cheerful and active.
6. Yorkshire Terriers (standard) get along great with all family members, especially with children. They take an active part in all games. Unlike Yorkies mini, the standard does not need close guardianship. Such a dog is quite strong and hardy.

Yorkshire terrier standard and mini, the differences between which we discussed, are very different, and this is primarily due to their size. Which animal is more suitable for you - a pet doll or an active dog - decide for yourself.

The Yorkshire Terrier will feel great not only in a city apartment, but also in a country estate. The main condition for keeping a pet is the availability of a properly equipped place to sleep.

It is also necessary to have tools for caring for hair, claws, eyes and ears, sets of clothes for different weather and a bag for carrying the animal.

The resting place for the Yorkie is chosen so that it is not in a draft. An important point is the remoteness of this place from the master bedroom. Dogs of this breed do not like loneliness, and therefore they will not want to rest away from people. They should always be the center of attention. It is better to place the dog bed on some kind of hill - so it will be more convenient for the animal to observe all household members, and at the same time be aware of all events.

The Yorkshire Terrier definitely needs to equip a toilet with a column. It is better to choose a place for the toilet somewhere near the entrance, as dogs like to mark the edges of their territory.

Combs for terriers must be purchased from metal, but brushes - wooden or with natural bristles. A plastic tool for wool is not suitable, as it causes the formation of tangles. Those animals that do not walk much will need a nail cutter.

Your pet needs a lot of cosmetics (conditioners, shampoos, paw, ear and claw care products). It must be selected individually. Buy small packages and test them for a month.

The eyes are examined daily. Crusts are removed from them with the help of lotion. Ears are inspected and cleaned every week. Milk teeth in dogs should be removed by a veterinarian. In addition, we should not forget that Yorkies must be vaccinated, to protect them from infectious diseases.

Nutrition of Yorkshire Terriers

Feeding is one of the main moments in the life of a terrier, in which he begins to show his character. Animals can easily refuse the usual food and beg for something tasty from the table of the owners.

Do not place bowls of dry food around the house. It is enough to give the Yorkie fifteen minutes to eat, and then put the food in the refrigerator. The food of the animal can be varied with seasonal vegetables, fruits, boiled rice. Yorkshire Terriers will benefit from homemade yogurt. For their preparation, low-fat homemade milk is used. Meat for feeding is taken with veins and cartilage. A clean tenderloin is not suitable for feeding, as it does not give the proper load on the gastric tract. The meat must be cut into pieces and given to the dog, in no case is it recommended to give minced meat (it is poorly digested).

When choosing dry pet food, you need to know if it is suitable for your pet. The main indicator is the good functioning of the digestive system, as well as the excellent condition of the coat and skin.

How to choose a puppy?

If you want to get yourself a pet of this breed, then first of all you need to pay attention to the standards of the Yorkshire Terrier. A puppy is selected according to certain characteristics:

1. The baby must certainly have a pedigree indicating the date of birth and nursery.
2. International with vaccinations must be available.
3. Pay attention to the age of the animal. All vaccinations are done up to 2.5 months, which means that the breeder should not sell puppies earlier.
4. You need to buy a terrier only in a kennel.

A healthy dog ​​should have a cheerful and cheerful look.

Terrier training

A terrier puppy needs to be trained from the first day he enters your home. First of all, he must be taught to respond to his name, and also accustomed to the place of feeding.

During the vaccination period, puppies need to be taught to wear a harness and collar. It is best to put them on alternately and at this time entertain the dog so that she does not pay any attention to them.

Once your terrier gets used to these accessories, you can attach a short leash and let him walk around the house with him.

As soon as the dog has passed all vaccinations and quarantine, it can be taken out for walks. This moment is very important for the animal, because it must learn to communicate with its relatives, this will avoid behavioral problems at exhibitions.

Walking the dog is necessary in an active form. This means that you need to constantly play with her, call her to her, treat her with goodies. You can't just wander monotonously down the street without paying attention to the Yorkie. A walk should bring joy and communication not only to the dog, but also to its owner. The best pastime is outdoor joint games without a leash: hide and seek, catch up. The animal must learn not to lose sight of its owner.

Yorkshire terriers quickly learn the sport of agility. It gives them particular pleasure to pass all the shells. Terriers even participate in competitions in the category of the smallest representatives.

Those who are fond of running can involve their dogs in the process. This sport is called canicross.

I would like to note that beautiful long hair cannot be combined with an active sport. In winter, snow, summer dust, dirt - all this has a detrimental effect on the hairline, which needs additional care. Very rarely people manage to combine the active sports life of York with exhibitions. Therefore, the owners, as a rule, choose one thing: either medals or an active lifestyle.

However, you need to understand that not every Yorkshire Terrier can go in for sports and play actively. Mini, the standards are very different from each other in terms of health and physical capabilities. There is no need to talk about an active lifestyle with respect to the mini terrier. Therefore, if you want to have an animal that will run and play sports with you, in no case will the smallest representatives of the breed, who are simply not capable of such feats, suit you.

History of the breed

The birthplace of the Yorkshire Terrier is considered to be England, or rather, two northern counties - Lancashire and Yorkshire. The immediate ancestor is the Waterside Terrier, which is also small and semi-longhaired. The main task of such an animal was the extermination of rodents, as well as accompanying the owners on trips along rivers and canals. It is for this reason that the breed got its name. At that time, peasants were not allowed to have large dogs, it was believed that they would help their owners to poach.

Another breed similar to the Yorkshire Terrier is the Manchester Terrier. All ancestors of Yorkies were larger animals with semi-long hair. Their weight ranged from six to seven kilograms.

The first breed of the Yorkshire Blue and Tan Terrier was standardized in 1886. And in 1898, the first club of lovers of these miniature dogs was formed.

Initially, in their homeland, terriers were used as rodent exterminators. However, at present, representatives of the breed have long forgotten about their original purpose and live in our homes as pets.

In recent years, the breed has entered the TOP-10. And the smallest representative with a weight of 113 grams is listed in the Guinness Book of Records.

Yorkie wool is similar in texture to human hair. It does not cause allergic reactions in humans. In terms of intelligence, Yorkies are ranked 23rd out of 133.

The history of the breed has a number of famous individuals, including a York named Smokey. With a height of 18 cm, he weighed 1.8 kg. It was found by American soldiers in a fox hole in the jungles of Guinea. The animal, along with its owner, went through two years of military service, regularly skydiving, eating soldier food. After the death of Smokey (in 1957), a monument was erected in the form of a small dog in a helmet.

The oldest Yorkshire terrier still lives in the UK, which is already over 22 years old.

Photo of Yorkshire Terrier | dreamtime.com

basic information

Assessment of breed characteristics

Brief description of the breed

Pros of the Yorkshire Terrier

• Very sweet, cheerful;
• Clever and quick-witted;
• Very attached to the owner;
• Suitable for older people;
• Adapts to any home
• Does not need long walks;
• Very playful;
• Can participate in dog competitions, such as dog racing.

• He loves to bark very much;
• Can tire the whole family;
• Quite difficult to train;
• Needs careful care;
• Shows a sense of ownership and jealousy towards the owner;
• Sometimes there may be problems with the toilet.

Yorkshire Terriers have long been loyal companions of rich people and older women who cannot imagine their lives without a doorman in the house and without active participation in various charity events. The popularity of this dog is constantly growing, this is due, as already mentioned, to the beautiful, soft, silky coat and insanely expressive eyes of the dog.

The Yorkshire Terrier is very alert and belongs to the group of easily trained dogs. This is a very curious dog. All his qualities are inherent. The weight of the dog, as a rule, does not exceed 3.5 kilograms, so it is often associated with pocket breeds. Despite their small size, Yorkies, like other dogs, require attention and love. He will be happy to take long walks, and if necessary, he can become.

The rather cheeky nature of this dog is not a positive trait that would allow. In addition, its small size is also the reason why Yorkies should not be kept if you have small children. During games, Yorkies can overdo it and bite, including a child. In communication with his relatives, the Yorkshire Terrier is quite calm and does not show a special disposition. Another hallmark of the glamorous dog is the love of barking. If a Yorkie starts barking, then sometimes it is quite difficult to stop him.

Appearance

The head is small, set on a long neck, the jaw is not very long, the nose is black. The upper and lower jaws are the same length. The teeth are even with a tight scissor bite, which means that when closed, the incisors of the upper jaw fit tightly in front of the incisors of the lower jaw. Eyes of medium size, dark, brilliant, with an intelligent and lively expression. Located opposite each other, they cannot be bulging. The eyelid is painted in dark color. The ears are small, V-shaped, set high, not widely spaced, erect, covered with short, smooth hair.

Wool and color

The color of the Yorkshire terrier: steel blue, resembles a raincoat that covers the body from the very back of the head to the beginning of the tail. Yellow-gold or brown colors cannot be present on this part. On the rest of the body, the coat is colored in rich gold, which rises to the very neck. Not a single dark or gray hair, the so-called scorched color, mixes with the red-gold color on the head. The hair has a particularly rich color at the root, a little lighter in the middle, and the lightest at the ends. Dogs are born in a black-burning color and only over time the color meets the breed standards.

Grooming a Yorkshire Terrier is not difficult, there is no need for any special skills, such as grooming or a Bedlington Terrier. However, Yorkie care must be systematic. The pet should be brushed regularly and bathed at least every ten days with a special shampoo designed for long-haired dogs. Also, it is advisable to use balms after bathing, otherwise the combing process will be very difficult, many knots and tufts of wool will appear. If your pet does not take part in exhibitions, it is better to contact the nearest dog salon and organize a more interesting, short haircut for him.

Photo of Yorkshire Terrier:

Photo of Yorkshire Terrier dog breed | dreamtime.com

Origin story

Life loves to present surprises: for example, poverty and an unusually difficult economic situation contributed to the emergence of one of the most luxurious breeds. The Industrial Revolution in 1860-1870 forced thousands of workers to leave their jobs in a Scottish weaving factory and look for work elsewhere. The job was found in Yorkshire, England, where at that time the textile industry was still profitable. Having moved to a new place, the workers took with them their dogs, which they greatly valued and used to guard their homes, catch rodents and hunt. Of course, they did not have the opportunity to keep a large dog, and the Yorkie had its own, important, advantages - he worked a lot, but ate little at the same time.

Over time, dogs began to be crossed with Clydesdale Terriers, dogs whose size did not exceed the size of a ferret, their coat was short and soft, and their color was burning black. Also, the Paisley Terrier breed dogs, also similar to Skye Terriers, are considered the ancestors of the modern Yorkie, they differed in that their coat was very silky and completely painted in a steel blue tint on the head and torso, and on the legs it had a light golden color. It is from them that the Yorkshire Terrier inherited its beautiful coat. It is possible that there was also a Manchester Terrier, Dandie Dinmont Terrier, Skye Terrier and. And the Yorkie, despite the changes in his appearance, still hunted pests that started in cotton yarn, as well as rats in the mines. He always followed his owner and was perfect for this, because he was small and could fit anywhere, even in the smallest corner. Soon rat hunting became a sport among the British; the Yorkshire Terrier faced a difficult task: to strangle as many rats as possible in a certain period of time. In this, he also turned out to be extremely useful, because the cost of a dog that won increased, and after it left the competition, it brought profit to its owners by continuing its lineage.

The Yorkshire Terrier gained real popularity only when it first appeared at a dog show. In 1874, Frank Pierce de Feversam entered the Yorkshire Terrier into the first ancestral book, and this date is considered the beginning of the development of the breed. The first dog to be registered was born in 1865, by mating mother and son, Huddersfield Ben became the first of his breed, he looked perfect, due to the fact that he was obtained by crossing close relatives. He was good at everything: he won prizes at exhibitions and, at the same time, showed perfect results in rat suffocation competitions. He left behind numerous and beautiful offspring, to whom all his best qualities were transferred.

The fact that the Yorkshire Terrier began to appear at exhibitions did not escape the attention of high-ranking ladies. That is why, very soon, breeders began to breed dogs suitable for the taste of potential aristocratic buyers. We tried to get each time a smaller dog with perhaps a longer and more lush coat. As a result of constant crossing, the long body of the Yorkie gradually acquired a square shape, and the weight decreased from 8 kg to 3 kg. In 1870, the dog began to be called the Yorkshire Terrier, and in 1898 the first representative of the breed was introduced.

Nowadays, the Yorkshire Terrier breed is known to almost everyone, and every day it has more and more fans. The very first Yorkshire Terrier appeared in Russia in 1971. It was presented to the ballerina O. Lepeshinskaya, at about the same time, individual representatives of this breed appeared in large cities. In the early 90s, the country's first Yorkie kennel was founded in Mytishchi, where dogs were brought from Spain and England, and then from France for future selection. Now more than 75 nurseries are registered in the Russian Breed Club.

Personality of the Yorkshire Terrier

The nature of Yorkshire Terriers depends on how they are brought up. Some are distinguished by activity and boundless energy, courage, while others, on the contrary, are quiet, calm and flexible.

When talking about Yorkies, small tame dogs immediately come to mind, with which noble ladies like to go to the promenade. These little wonder dogs love attention and don't like being left alone. That is why terriers always follow their master. These dogs are excellent companions, they will make a good company for the elderly, as well as those who have a lot of free time in order to focus on raising a pet.

The breed is so popular that many dog ​​breeders consider it a duty to own such a wonderful animal. Yorkies, on the one hand, are very shy, and on the other, very welcoming and friendly. However, they may react differently to strangers or your guests. A common character trait of all Yorkies: independence, high intelligence, determination and tenderness.

As for small dogs, Yorkshire Terriers are too independent. They can make their own rules, so don't follow your pet's lead. To some extent, Yorkie independence keeps pace with their courage. The fact is that these small animals can be quite daring, especially when it comes to achieving the desired goal, for example, taking possession of the owner’s favorite toy, treat or slippers. During walks, some Yorkies with great pleasure can chase squirrels, birds or.

Yorkshire Terriers are endowed with considerable determination. Very often they do what they want, and do it there and at a time that is convenient for them. If you want the dog to fulfill something, then your desire should be interesting first of all to the Yorkie himself. The curiosity and perseverance of this dog is so great that even if you forbid, for example, to rummage in a trash can, the Yorkshire Terrier will definitely climb there in your absence ... but what about, because the pet has long been interested in what is in such a forbidden place as a trash can !

It can be said about dogs of the Yorkshire Terrier breed that they are all monogamous in relation to their master. Having placed your pet, you will be rewarded with his attention and tenderness. These dogs are very affectionate and do not hide their feelings. True, this does not mean that Yorkies will show their affection to only one person, they will simply treat their master with special devotion, because Yorkies prefer communication with one person than with a crowd of little-known people.

The Yorkshire Terrier's coat gets tangled quickly, so daily brushing is essential. Many owners of dogs of this breed trim their pets in order to make grooming easier. This approach is acceptable, but it is better to have a haircut done by a professional, then the appearance of your pet will not suffer.

Check your dog's ears daily. Make sure that they do not form irritation, inflammation and earwax. They must be cleaned regularly with a special mixture prescribed by a veterinarian. It is better not to use a cotton swab for such a procedure.

Brush your Yorkie's teeth at least once a week. This will be a sufficient prevention of the occurrence of tartar and gum disease. Small dogs are prone to dental problems, especially in old age, so the importance of caring for your Yorkshire Terrier's teeth cannot be overestimated.

The dog's claws also require attention. They need to be trimmed once a month, perhaps once every six months (everything will depend on the growth of the claws).

Training and education

Yorkshire Terriers are very alert and curious. They always want to know everything and try to figure out how to get what they want. Nature endowed these dogs with high intelligence, and therefore they are easy to train. Although Yorkies are easy to train, it should be noted that motivation plays an important role in the learning process. If the dog understands that he will be rewarded for doing what is required, then the learning process will be even more effective. That is why everyone should find their own individual approach to the issue of training a pet.

Yorkshire Terriers are very trainable. Yorkies are a terrier, which means that, like all terriers, they have such a quality as stubbornness. Therefore, it is necessary to start the learning process from an early age with the use of praise and affection in the process of training, not forgetting to give the pet treats for every success. It is best that the classes do not take much time, the shorter they are, the more likely it is that the dog will not get tired of this process. If you decide to train a dog at home, then you must remember that training should take place according to the principle “from simple to complex”. Don't try right away. If you are not ready for self-study, or maybe you just do not have enough knowledge or patience, then it is better to contact a specialist. He will help you train your pet and give great tips to improve his skills.

Health and disease

Small dogs often have big health problems. The Yorkshire Terrier is no exception in this regard. Yorkies usually live long and happy lives, but sometimes problems arise, the most common of which are: weakening of the trachea, dental disease, hypothyroidism, low blood sugar (hypoglycemia), bladder stones, hair loss, cataracts.

Yorkshire Terriers are prone to liver disease, the most common being portosystemic shunt. When diagnosing this disease, the pet will need an expensive surgical intervention.

Often there are also problems with the musculoskeletal system. A common problem is a prolapsed kneecap. Therefore, ask your veterinarian to check your pet's paws regularly for this problem, especially if you notice that the dog has begun to limp or bounce when walking.

Go for regular dental checkups. Care alone may not be enough. The thing is that Yorkshire terriers may have abnormal tooth development. Only a specialist can control this process.

Yorkies can also suffer from another ailment associated with a decrease in blood flow to the head and hind limbs, which leads to the degradation of their function. Symptoms of this disease, as a rule, are manifested in long-term, at first glance, causeless, chromate. The disease can be cured with surgery, so the sooner it is caught, the better your dog's chance of recovery.

Despite their small size, unfortunately, Yorkshire terriers quite often fall victim to the most unpredictable ailments, but this should not be a reason to refuse to buy this wonderful dog.

Some interesting facts

• In 1984 in Germany, by crossing titled Yorkshire terriers with a good pedigree, puppies were born with an atypical coat color for Yorkies - white. Given the mandatory standards, they could not be recognized, but due to their extraordinary attractiveness, more and more of them began to be bred so that this color was included in the breed standard.

  Nowadays, the Biewer Yorkshire Terrier breed has been bred, although the International Cynological Federation (ICF) has not yet approved this name, but didn’t the stories of others begin in exactly the same way? The first steps have already been taken in this direction: Biver took part in exhibitions not only in Germany, but also in other countries, for example, in Poland. While this dog is ineligible to receive prizes, it is necessary to wait for the official recognition of the breed by the IFC. There is no doubt that the breed will be recognized, more doubt is the question - when will this happen?

• Training a Yorkshire Terrier is quite difficult, especially for an unprepared dog breeder.
• The Yorkshire Terrier is extremely curious, so quite often he gets into funny situations.
• The Yorkie has a stunning ash bluish tinge to his coat, but he is not born with this coat. The color scheme of the dog changes with the maturation of the animal.
• Despite their modest size, Yorkies love an active lifestyle: run, jump, even participate in various sports competitions.
• The average weight of the Yorkshire Terrier is approximately 3 kilograms, but some dogs reach 6-7 kilograms. At the same time, it has been precisely established that dogs of this breed weighing less than 2 kilograms are prone to various diseases. In addition, underweight Yorkies are difficult to tolerate anesthesia.
• Yorkshire Terriers do not like the cold. They are prone to colds. Wet and damp rooms are detrimental to this breed.
• Despite its small size and pleasant appearance, the Yorkshire Terrier is not recommended to be kept in families with small children.
• Some dogs of this breed can be irritable and bark at every rustle. Early socialization and training will help to avoid all troubles. If you feel that you can not cope on your own, contact a professional trainer (cynologist).
• The digestive system of Yorkshire terriers is very picky, so dogs are picky about food. Animals often have problems with their teeth and gums. If you notice a Yorkie showing anxiety or discomfort, take him to the veterinarian right away.
• Yorkshire Terriers do not estimate their actual size. Often they consider themselves large dogs, so they start a fight with brothers that are much larger than them. Control your dog, otherwise the pet may become a victim of his opponent!
• The teeth of the Yorkshire Terrier are usually retained from infancy to old age. At the age of five months, be sure to check the condition of the dog's teeth. Often, milk teeth are not preserved and deteriorate due to caries.
• To own a healthy dog, don't buy puppies from random dog breeders or pet stores. Look for a reputable breeder. Make sure his puppies are really healthy and full of energy.

All Yorkies are good in their own way, and their huge number helps to make a choice as quickly as possible. Some people prefer short-haired, smooth-haired dogs, while others are delighted with the wire-haired Yorkshire mini terriers. It should be noted that the offspring obtained as a result of crossing a Yorkie and a Spitz are endowed with the strongest health. Such pets take all the best from their ancestors. Well, what will be your choice, depends only on you.

beaver

A well-known dog, which we often see on TV screens along with the stars. Beaver has a wayward character, but insanely cute appearance. The weight of the dog is 2-3 kg, and the average height is 22 cm. The color of the head is black and white with gold.

The Biewer Yorkshire Terrier will easily become your great friend, because from a young age he knows how to understand the mood of the owner. As an adult dog, they are completely non-aggressive and get along well with small children. Not surprising, because the dog is very frisky and loves attention. Training lends itself well, given the good relationship with the owner.

This type of Yorkie is bred more as a four-legged friend than a servant, therefore it is advisable to take him to exhibitions. You can also please your four-legged friend with grooming and various haircuts. The following photo shows a Biewer Yorkshire Terrier.

The only drawback may be the constant need for combing. If you are not eager to make an exhibition exhibit out of your dog, the problem can be solved. To do this, it is enough to cut the puppy as short as possible. For a description of the breed and characteristics of the Biewer Yorkie, see the following video.

Biro

As a separate type of breed, it can hardly be called, since in any case the offspring of such dogs is unpredictable. This variety arose due to the mutation of the beavers. The only difference between the Biro Yorkshire Terrier is the color, the black color replaces the chocolate one. The height of such dogs varies up to 22 cm, and weight up to 3 kg.

Puppies have a calm and inquisitive nature. Without problems, they establish contacts with other pets, if any.

Chocolate

The long-haired type, which got its name due to the unusual color. The muzzle of such a baby is of medium size and hazel eyes. The shade of chocolate york can be from milk to dark chocolate. All this gives it an unprecedented refined outlines and charm.

Goldust

Quite a rare breed, which is sometimes called "white gold". The coat of the dog combines white-chocolate-golden color. The very unusual appearance of the dog attracts quite a few, and some say with confidence that this is the most beautiful Yorkie in the world. That is why the dog is gradually gaining its popularity. Although it is not so easy to acquire such a miracle, because both parents of the same color are needed to divorce the offspring.

Goldust has a very friendly, perky and frisky character. The weight of the baby is not more than 5 kg, and the height is 20-25 centimeters. Like all long-haired animals, the puppy requires special care. For example, it is recommended to use special shampoos to wash it, although the wool itself is combed quite easily and does not tangle.

Baby face

Translated from English "child's face". These dogs have large, bright eyes and a small muzzle. Perhaps such a soft combination has become the reason for the huge popularity. Indeed, looking into these childish, naive eyes, you want to hug the puppy to yourself and hug for a long time.

Based on the standards, the muzzle of a baby face is considered to be incorrect. Its length must be at least the length of the skull, in our case, it is 1/3 of the part.

This type of terrier often suffers from conjunctivitis due to its large eyes. However, all representatives of this breed need special eye care, as long hair often causes damage.

The shortened muzzle contributes to the snoring of the pet, which is completely safe for his life. In addition, while running, the Yorkie may make strange sounds. They also do not pose a threat and pass quickly enough.

Mini

Very small dogs weighing up to 2 kg. Of course, this adds even more attractiveness to their appearance (see photos of mini Yorkshire terriers below), but such a diminutiveness can cause a number of inconveniences:

• Leaving a pet at a height, albeit a small one, there is a chance that the baby will fall and damage the bones.
• Small children can also unknowingly harm a puppy, as they simply do not know how to handle it.
• Reproduction of a pet has its own characteristics, therefore it is not advisable for beginners to breed these pygmy Yorkshire terriers.

super mini

A tiny creature that will not leave indifferent any person is quite unusual. But because of their micro size, babies often get sick and have problems with the musculoskeletal system. Their life expectancy is less than that of ordinary terriers.

Chorkies

They were bred as a result of crossing a Chihuahua and a Yorkie. An unpredictable breed of dog, because in no way can one predict their appearance. The coat of a puppy can be of different lengths and colors, and even its structure can be different.

black terriers

They got their name due to the color, which changes as they grow older. Their eyes are especially good, as black as the coat of newborns. Ears erect with smooth fur.

Those wishing to participate in exhibitions will need to take good care of these dogs and be sure to cut them. The weight of the dog must not exceed 3 kg, otherwise he will not be able to become a participant.

Russian salon

The latest modification, bred in Russia. The coat color of dogs is usually reddish, but there are cases when there are babies with white and black spots on their paws. Thick wool has an undercoat, but in winter the puppy still needs clothes and shoes.

What type of Yorkies do you like best?