Pale spotting. Possible causes of bleeding from the vagina in women

Sometimes it can be quite difficult to distinguish between the normal natural causes of spotting and the sources caused by diseases and disorders of the female reproductive system that provoke spotting. May be bright scarlet and abundant or small light brown.

It becomes possible to identify their origin only after an accurate diagnosis and biopsy.

Gynecologists also pay attention to accompanying symptoms, such as obvious itching, burning, pain, redness or allergic swelling.

Normal indicators of the health of the female reproductive system are full discharge from the vagina and uterus. Why they go and visit regularly, every qualified gynecologist can explain during the appointment.

The mucous membranes of the internal organs have their own protective microflora, which provokes the excretion of transparent mucus.

Causes of natural secretions:

microorganisms and epithelial cells of the vagina and uterus;
vaginal lubricant. Observed after intercourse;
protective function of the cervical canal.

There is another type - periodic bloody menstrual flow. Traditionally, bleeding is different for everyone and has an individual character. The daily amount is from 5-6 grams to 15-18 grams of liquid. Duration does not exceed 8 - 9 days. The remainder of the menstrual cycle have a creamy or thicker consistency of the composition.

After menstruation, the first 14 days you can find whitish or barely visible mucus. The next period is ovulation. Lasts no more than 1-2 days. The volume of mucus increases. Should not have a sharp unpleasant odor and cause discomfort.

Why is there bleeding

When pathological processes or disturbances in the functioning of the female genital organs occur, regardless of menstruation and completely without a natural reason, there are discharges with blood. They can go on for an indefinite period of time and it is impossible to predict their termination.

Why bleeding occurs, and what they are:

implantation. seen at conception. At the moment when the fetus is attached to the uterine wall. May last for several days. Small spotting;
abnormal course of pregnancy. At the beginning of gestation, it indicates a miscarriage, or an ectopic course, at the end - spotting warns of the threat of placental abruption, premature birth;
violation of the course of the menstrual cycle or the period of ovulation;
contraceptive drugs. Uncontrolled intake leads to blood clots;
intrauterine device. It has an irritating effect on the walls of the uterus.

Discharge with blood from the vagina has other sources.

Which can be gynecological problems and diseases:

endometriosis. Unnatural growth of the inner layer of the walls of the uterus;
. Neoplasm of a benign nature in the muscle layer of the organ;
polycystic ovary syndrome;
cancerous neoplasms of the female reproductive system;
endometritis. Inflammatory process of the mucous membrane of the inner layer of the body of the uterus;
endometrial hyperplasia. Benign growth inside the body of the uterus;
cervicitis. Inflammatory process in the vagina;
infections of the reproductive female organs;
hormonal disorders. Poor blood clotting, increased prolactin, increased sex and thyroid hormones.

If the bleeding is not of a menstrual nature, is not associated with a spiral and taking hormonal drugs, an additional examination is necessary for the presence of pathologies or inflammatory processes in the uterus and vagina.

Brown discharge from the vagina in women

The norm for the appearance of brown smearing impurities in vaginal discharge is the period before or after the expected menstruation. The duration should not exceed 2-3 days. Sometimes you can observe these signs during the period of ovulation.

But why are there brown discharges all the time:

the beginning of sexual activity;
spiral installation;
taking contraceptives;
venereal diseases;
genital trauma;
tumor neoplasms;
cysts. They have a cavity. Contain liquid inside;
changes in the endometrium, the mucous membrane of the inner surface of the uterus.

Prolonged stress, nervous disorders, hormonal changes are also the causes of violations of natural vaginal discharge.

Discharge during and after pregnancy

During the bearing of a child and before the onset of the birth itself, a woman is under the strict control of a qualified gynecologist. If there is any sign of a violation of the course of pregnancy, you should immediately inform your doctor about it.

The greatest danger to the expectant mother, as well as her fetus, can be brown or spotting, which have their own reasons:

attachment of the fertilized egg to the body of the uterus. This happens in the early stages and does not pose any danger to the child. Cause: minor damage to blood vessels;
lack of progesterone. May cause spontaneous abortion, miscarriage, or premature birth
ectopic pregnancy. It is observed when the future baby develops in the fallopian tube, which will lead to its rupture and internal bleeding;
frozen fruit. The death of the fetal egg is accompanied by small smearing clots.

During pregnancy, brown or bloody discharge must be diagnosed and studied. Postpartum bleeding should be heavy. It may take 6-8 weeks.

What discharge should be after childbirth:

the first 2-3 days. The amount of fluid released is 400 ml per day. Color - scarlet, bloody with mucus, clots;
after 1 week. Bloody spotting and brown;
after 5-6 weeks. There is a normalization of the excreted fluid, the formation of mucus.

Disorders associated with the appearance of pus, an unpleasant odor or pain, fever, should be studied.

Causes of spotting after sex

With regular bleeding or spotting small clots after intercourse, which are accompanied by pain in the lower abdomen, in the perineum and lower back, urgent help from a gynecologist is required.

The causes of bleeding after sex can be serious gynecological problems:

vaginitis. In women of reproductive age. Caused by bacteria and microorganisms like chlamydia, Haemophilus influenzae, Staphylococcus aureus;
cervicitis. Inflammation of the uterine canal;
cervical erosion. Focal lesions of the mucous walls of the organ;
damage or cysts to the ovary;
ovulation. The release of the egg from the follicle into the fallopian tube for subsequent fertilization;
fungal infections.

In rare cases, damage to the blood vessels and walls of the vagina provokes a lack of lubrication produced or the use of orgasm stimulants, like dildos.

Discharge after an abortion

Operative termination of pregnancy consists in the removal of the fetal egg by scraping or mini-abortion, vacuum aspiration, in the early stages. After a surgical abortion, bleeding continues for up to 10 days. It varies from bright scarlet to brown daub. With vacuum removal - about 3-5 days.

If bleeding does not stop after an abortion, the consequences are:

polyp. Benign neoplasm on the cervix and on the surface of the body of the uterus;
endometriosis. Change in the structure of the inner layer of the uterine wall, its excessive growth outside the organ;
staphylococcus, streptococcus. Bacterial infection of the genital organs.

Additional examination, testing, sampling and treatment are mandatory.

Discharge after cauterization of erosion

Ulcerative lesions of the mucous membrane of the cervix - a common gynecological disease, resembles a small wound.

Cervical erosion is determined on examination by a gynecologist or by characteristic signs, as discharge with blood:

after intercourse;
between periods.

The reasons for its appearance may be congenital pathologies, hormonal disorders, sexually transmitted infections, the consequences of surgery, and non-compliance with the rules of intimate hygiene.

Depending on the course and damage to the uterus, treatment is prescribed:

moxibustion. There may be a small discharge of blood after the operation for about 2-3 weeks. After healing, the scab falls off and there is not too much bleeding. The duration of recovery is from 1 to 3 weeks;
freezing or cryosurgery. It is carried out using the effect of liquid nitrogen on the lesions. After freezing the erosion for about a month, the patients have copious discharge with blood.
laser therapy. 7-10 days after the procedure, there may be slight spotting.

The method of treatment is selected depending on the age of the woman and the gynecological diseases she has, the degree of tissue damage by erosion.

How much and what kind of discharge after a miscarriage

Often spontaneous abortion occurs in the early stages of pregnancy, 5-6 weeks, or in the last trimester. The detachment of the ovum, placenta begins, the cervix opens, the fetus comes out, the vessels are damaged.

As a result, uterine bleeding begins:

7 days early;
1-2 days after the procedure curettage, curettage.

Obligatory observation in the hospital after the procedure and examination by a gynecologist. For treatment, hemostatic drugs and antibiotics are prescribed, the cause of spontaneous abortion is being studied.

Allocations with an intrauterine device

Do not worry if after the installation of the intrauterine device there are spotting spotting. Usually they continue to go for about 5 days and will be observed between periods for about six months.

Sharp or pulling pain in the lower abdomen and an increase in the volume of blood secretion is a violation. In this case, an examination and consultation with a doctor is urgently required.

Why are abundant discharges with blood observed after the installation of the spiral:

wrong procedure. Damage to blood vessels, puncture of the uterus;
gynecological diseases;
oral contraceptives;
ectopic pregnancy;
uterine bleeding.

It is impossible to determine the cause on your own. Even on examination, the gynecologist will not be able to identify the source of bleeding.

It is necessary to undergo a complete diagnosis and conduct a series of appropriate tests. Perhaps the body does not accept the material from which the spiral is made, and it is rejected.

Discharge during menopause

The period that comes in the life of any mature woman and is characterized by the end of her reproductive function is called menopause. This process is gradual and can last from 1 year or more.

Allocations of a menstrual nature become small and can be once every 2-4 months until they disappear completely.

If there are frequent copious spotting during or after menopause, it is necessary to look for the cause:

The lack of production of female hormones and protective lubricant leads to sexual infections and inflammatory processes in women with menopause.

Be sure to see a gynecologist during this period and take hormonal drugs.

Every girl should know the features of the female body. Otherwise, sooner or later, his incomprehensible reaction to certain stimuli can scare. For example, it is important to know under what circumstances red discharge appears, but not menstruation. A fairly common phenomenon, but it still scares many. So what could be causing this phenomenon? When should you sound the alarm?

Still monthly

The female body is an eternal mystery, and often even for doctors. Therefore, it is not so easy to predict the cause of the appearance of bloody discharge from the vagina. We will have to take into account all the features and nuances, changes that have occurred in the life of the patient.

As practice shows, red discharge before the onset of menstruation, especially if they do not cause pain, is not dangerous. Most likely, this is just a shift in the menstrual cycle. The reason for this may be the hormonal background. In any case, this should not cause concern. So do not think that menstruation comes like clockwork. Even if earlier critical days came strictly at a certain time, no one is immune from cycle shifts. Remember - the discharge at the same time may not be abundant in the first few days, smearing.

Stress

The next scenario occurs frequently, but it is not given much importance. Do you have red vaginal discharge but no period? Do not rush to panic. After all, if this phenomenon does not bring you any particular discomfort, let alone pain, there is no reason for concern. Why?

Red discharge after menstruation (and before them) is a clear sign of body stress. Flights, strong emotional stress (even with positive emotions) - all this can affect your menstrual cycle and condition in general. Usually discharge due to stress is not strong, without mucus or any other special signs. After the normalization of the situation, everything returns to normal.

By the way, overwork can also be attributed here. In order for the discharge to stop (at one point they can be confused with menstruation), you just need to relax and unwind. All this is not a reason to visit a doctor. The maximum that you will be prescribed is antidepressants. And a good rest, complete isolation from stress. After all, this is how the female body shows a protective reaction.

Erosion

Red discharge, but not menstruation, is another sign that you have some kind of disease. Just do not rush to the doctor, not in all cases it is necessary. Often the cause of this phenomenon is cervical erosion. She may bleed from time to time. As a result, on any given day, you may start to have red discharge.

As practice shows, they are not plentiful, smearing, without impurities and mucus. May continue until menses. But in some cases they go away on their own. If erosion is suspected, it is best to consult a doctor. It will definitely help you decide whether there is a given disease or not. If necessary, erosion can be cauterized, for example, with radio waves. After treatment, the red discharge, but not menstruation, will stop.

Voltage

As practice shows, red colors can appear for many reasons. And you can predict them without the help of doctors. Therefore, you should not fall into hysterics if you notice these changes in your body.

Red (or already after them) may indicate capillary rupture. Usually, this phenomenon is observed if a woman tenses a lot. That is why hard physical work is not recommended for the beautiful half of society.

As in all previous cases, the discharge is smearing in nature, does not bring much discomfort or any pain. It is worth going to the doctor only if the deviation is accompanied by pain or too much blood. Just limit physical labor and take a break. On average, it takes several weeks for the body to recover. Therefore, do not think that one day of rest is enough for the discharge to pass.

Damage

With menstruation, this is a sign of mechanical damage to the vagina. This phenomenon may be accompanied by some pain. For example, pulling pain in the lower abdomen or immediate discomfort inside the vagina.

Usually this problem worries girls after intercourse (immediately or after some time). Lack of lubrication, too fast pace, "hardness" of the process - all this can damage the sensitive vagina. As a result, bleeding occurs.

If they do not go away for several days, and even accompanied by discomfort, it is recommended to consult a doctor. The same must be done when the blood is profusely secreted. The doctor will tell you for sure if there are more serious problems. If you do not have any diseases, then it is mechanical damage that takes place. You will have to be patient and wait until the wounds heal. And continue to be more careful during intercourse.

Conception

Do you have red discharge after your period after a week or two? Remember what kind of sexual intercourse you had. Most likely, this is conception. It's no secret that approximately in the middle of the cycle (and this is just about 7 days after the end of menstruation on average) ovulation occurs - a favorable day for conceiving a child. After fertilization, the egg must attach to the woman's body in order to develop further. Just this very attachment can be accompanied by spotting.

Although, as practice shows, usually conception occurs without a trace. But if you notice red-brown discharge (they are not the same during menstruation), and you also had unprotected intercourse, it is quite possible that in another week or two the critical days will not come, and the pregnancy text will turn out to be positive. So take that into account. Usually, discharge during conception lasts several hours, no pain or discomfort is caused.

Miscarriage

The discharge is red, but not monthly, accompanied by severe and sharp pain, profuse and sudden, may be the result of a miscarriage. This is how a natural abortion at a short time manifests itself.

Often, with miscarriages, a little mucus can be found in the discharge. In any case, if you are pregnant, and then suddenly blood came out of the vagina, there is every reason to panic. Try to stay calm and just go to the doctor's office as soon as possible. It is advisable to call an ambulance.

Intervention

Sometimes you can easily guess why blood comes out of the vagina. The reason for this may be the most common surgical intervention. A variety of operations, abortions, and even the use of an intrauterine device - all this can cause spotting.

Usually this kind of phenomenon resembles menstruation. And the bleeding continues for about 5 days. Gradually it becomes less abundant and stops. There is no reason to panic. Just be prepared that after surgery, bloody masses may begin to stand out from the vagina. There is also some discomfort. But pain is usually not observed in this case.

childbirth

With a normal pregnancy, there is usually no red discharge. The maximum is pink, and then only at the very beginning of the process, when a fertilized egg is attached. Only towards the end of pregnancy can you bleed from the vagina.

As practice shows, the discharge is red, but not monthly, in the last stages of an "interesting situation" most often turn out to be a sign of the onset of labor. Usually blood can be seen along with mucus. Don't be scared, that's how it should be. Your water may also break. In principle, the discharge of the mucous plug can also be accompanied by blood from the vagina.

If after a certain period of time after the discovery of the discharge, you feel cramping pain, call your loved ones or an ambulance - you have started giving birth. Completely normal and natural. It shouldn't cause you to panic.

After childbirth

Childbirth is a very difficult process in itself. Therefore, you should pay attention to the fact that after them you may have dark red discharge. During menstruation, they are not. Although light red blood also occurs in some cases. There is no reason to panic - it's lochia. After labor, spotting will haunt the young mother for some time. Approximately a month and a half, or even all 2. It all depends on how quickly your body recovers from labor.

In the first 4-5 days, blood is excreted profusely. Therefore, it is recommended to use special ones. But after (closer to discharge from the hospital), the amount of discharge decreases. Over time, they acquire a smearing character and disappear.

Diseases

The last point worth noting is that you have any diseases, not necessarily gynecological ones. If you notice red discharge, but not menstruation, which bring discomfort or continue for a suspiciously long time, you have a direct road to the doctor. Don't delay!

Try to go through a comprehensive examination and find out what is the cause of the problem. Tumors, polyps, infections, and even thyroid disorders can cause vaginal bleeding. As soon as you find out the cause of the disease, eliminate it. Do you have red discharge instead of menstruation? Now it is clear what could be the problem. In any case, a doctor's consultation will not hurt.

Bloody discharge from the genital tract should always alert a woman, as they usually speak of trouble. Bleeding has different intensity:

slight spotting
spotting of blood,
profuse discharge, up to bleeding.

The blood may be scarlet, bright, dark, clotted and clotted, brown in color.

Bleeding is normal

Bloody discharge before menstruation can be a sign of a shortening of the menstrual cycle due to various reasons. This is quite an acceptable phenomenon, as well as spotting after menstruation, of a smearing nature, especially against the background of stress or a radical change of scenery.

Ovulation discharge, which is bloody, spotting, or brownish, may also occasionally occur. If they are short-term and painless - it is not dangerous. Sometimes, in the presence of cervical erosion, there may be discharge after sex due to contact bleeding from injured vessels.

Pathological discharge

Spotting in the middle of the cycle is most often a sign of pathology - the important signs will be the amount of discharge, how you feel when they appear, and the phase of the cycle.

Bloody discharge between periods can be profuse - like breakthrough bleeding, this is a reason to seek immediate help. Bleeding may be brown, very dark, like clotted blood, about 1-2 teaspoons per daily tissue. This is a reason to consult a doctor.

The discharge may be spotting, pink in color - this may be a sign of defects in the cervical region.

In addition, spotting can be a sign of:

menstrual irregularities, hormonal imbalances,
adenomyosis of the uterus
- tumor process of the cervix or body of the uterus,
uterine fibroids, polyps,
endometrial hyperplasia,
inflammatory processes in the endometrium.

Other causes of bleeding between periods include thyroid and adrenal problems, pituitary gland disorders, oral contraceptives, emergency contraceptives, estrogen supplements, and weight fluctuations.

Bleeding and pregnancy

There should be no bleeding during a normal pregnancy.

Bloody discharge instead of menstruation with or without a slight delay can be a sign of pregnancy and the threat of its termination. You need to take a pregnancy test and see a doctor.

Bloody discharge during pregnancy can be of varying intensity - from minor spotting to bleeding. Pain in the lower abdomen, spotting and malaise are especially dangerous. This is a sign of an incipient miscarriage, usually in such cases hospitalization is applied, duphaston is prescribed, the discharge gradually disappears.

Bleeding during pregnancy can occur late in pregnancy - this may be a sign of threatened preterm labor or placental abruption. Immediate hospitalization is required.

In late pregnancy, spotting may occur after examination due to softening of the cervix and its slight injury.

Discharge after childbirth

After childbirth, the uterus is an extensive wound surface, and its cavity gradually shrinks, closing the bleeding vessels.

Bloody discharge after childbirth initially looks like heavy menstruation, but as the uterus recovers, it gradually becomes sanious, and then mucous. By about the end of 2-3 weeks, the discharge should become yellowish and not abundant.

After intrauterine interventions

Often, women terminate a pregnancy by having an abortion, or curettage of the uterine cavity is performed for diagnostic purposes.

Restoration of the uterine mucosa after such an intervention takes several days, therefore, bleeding may occur, resembling menstruation. Gradually, after 2-4 days, they should become bloody and pass completely.

Discharge after taking drugs

There is a group of drugs, usually of hormonal origin, that can cause spotting.

Most often, spotting or slight bleeding occurs in the first couple of cycles of taking oral contraceptives, such as janine, yarina, regulon: spotting is scanty, short-lived.

Often, bloody discharge can cause emergency contraception, the drug postinor, due to the shock dose of hormones, causes the appearance of bloody discharge by the type of menstruation. Unfortunately, the drug is not safe for health, it causes a very strong hormonal shift.

The appearance of any bloody discharge from the genital tract, not associated with physiological menstruation, is a reason to consult a doctor and conduct examinations and treatment.

Update: October 2018

If any unusual discharge from the genitals appears, this is a sign that a woman should pay attention to this, be concerned and find out the reason for this phenomenon. And if brown discharge appeared in the middle of the cycle? What happens in a woman's body when bleeding occurs between periods? And is it dangerous?

According to statistics, in almost 80% of women, such discharges, if they appear, are in small quantities, in 20% they are plentiful and appear unexpectedly or after sex. If a woman is pregnant, then with any bloody or brown discharge, with pain and malaise, you should immediately consult a doctor, as this may be a sign of spontaneous miscarriage. We will consider cases where such discharge occurs in non-pregnant women.

When bloody, brown discharge in women can be a symptom of diseases:

If bloody, brown discharge appears in the middle of the cycle, between menstruation and at the same time the woman does not take hormonal contraceptives
If at the same time pain is felt in the lower abdomen, itching, burning and dryness in the vagina, body temperature is elevated, painful intercourse
If a woman has been in menopause for a long time and she has not had a period for more than a year
If you regularly experience spotting after sex

When is brown bleeding between periods normal?

Brown, dark color of discharge in women is given by drops of blood. In absolutely healthy women, this can be observed in the following situations:

Before menstruation for a few days or hours - a sign of approaching menstruation
After menstruation, a few days is normal, as the uterus gets rid of unnecessary drops of blood.
In the middle of the cycle in those taking contraceptives
Rough sex - if at the same time the woman did not have full excitement and did not develop enough lubrication, this damages the vaginal mucosa and creates microtrauma

At the first sex and 2-3 subsequent sexual contacts, when a girl is just starting a sexual life.

Bloody discharge in the middle of the cycle - causes:

Brown discharge in the middle of the cycle may be due to ovulation, a period when the chances of getting pregnant are very high. If they are scarce, then this is considered a physiological norm, of course, if no signs of other diseases are found during a gynecological examination. Usually in such cases, a woman does not need treatment and such discharge is safe for women's health.
Gynecologists divide any bloody, brown discharge in the middle of the cycle into two groups: intermenstrual bleeding.

Uterine bleeding

is a symptom of the following diseases and can be in a woman at any age:

Endometritis of the uterus
Cervical erosion
Fibroma
Tumors of the appendages
Internal adenomyosis
Sarcoma

These are very serious diseases that require emergency care, medical intervention. If spotting occurs regularly after intercourse, then cervical erosion or cervical cancer may be the cause. If the discharge is accompanied by a pulling pain in the lower abdomen, then this is one of the symptoms of inflammation of the inner layer of the uterus.

Intermenstrual spotting in the middle of the cycle is due to other reasons:

If a woman takes hormonal contraception in any form (hormonal patch, birth control pills, hormonal ring), then intermenstrual bleeding is considered normal during the first 3 months of use. However, if hormones are not taken, then the causes of small bleeding may be as follows:

The use of drugs that affect the menstrual cycle, for example, taking supplements (at the beginning or after the end of the dose), which include
The use of drugs intended for emergency contraception (Ginepriston, Postinor, etc.)
The presence of an intrauterine device
Thyroid dysfunction, low levels of its hormones
Inflammation of the vagina with genital infections, STDs (sexually transmitted diseases)
Genital injuries
Disruptions in the hormonal background - hyperprolactinemia,
Polycystic ovaries
Some gynecological procedures
Deep emotional shock, severe shock, stress, climate change

In a sexually active woman, the appearance of spotting may indicate an STD. At the same time, they are accompanied by , .

If a woman is not protected, then spotting may be a miscarriage. In this case, a woman usually has very severe pain in the lower abdomen. However, if there was a slight brown, spotting instead of menstruation, and then a delay occurred, then pregnancy most likely occurred.

With excessively active, regular sex, microcracks may appear, and after strong physical exertion or stress, sometimes there are brown discharge between periods.

Bleeding after sex

Blood discharge after sex is sometimes accompanied by pain. At the same time, the absence of pain does not mean that the woman is all right. If brown or bloody discharge appears every time after intercourse, these may be the following diseases:

Cervical cancer
Cervical erosion
Tumors of the vagina

In any case, with any brown discharge in the middle of the cycle or between menstruation, it is worth consulting a gynecologist to find out the reason for their appearance. If these are signs of any disease, then you can not hesitate. Since, avoiding a visit to the doctor, a woman can aggravate her condition, miss time, and the disease will be more difficult to eliminate. And self-treatment in such cases is unacceptable.

Brown discharge before or after menstruation - pathology or norm?

Brown discharge before menstruation literally the day before, that is, 1 day before bleeding is considered absolutely normal. Since menstrual bleeding occurs as a result of the death of the egg, it should come out along with the uterine secretions and this should not be abrupt. Therefore, at first menstruation, the appearance of brown smears or red-brown discharge is quite normal, but if it lasts more than 1 day or even occurs, this is a reason to see a doctor.

The main causes of spotting before menstruation are:

Hormonal disorders, severe stress, climate change
Taking hormonal contraceptives or completing a course
Endometriosis of the uterus (adenomyosis) or cervix
endometrial hyperplasia

Light brown discharge after menstruation is also considered a normal option if it lasts no more than 3 days. This is a natural process of cleansing the uterus from menstrual blood. However, if the discharge continues for more than 3 days after the end of menstruation, then you should contact a gynecologist for an examination, this may also indicate endometriosis, uterine fibroids (see), etc.

Any diagnostic methods include:

Anamnesis of the patient - the doctor makes a detailed survey of hereditary diseases, previous diseases, all issues related to sexual life and the woman's menstrual cycle
Inspection of the cervix, vagina with the help of mirrors, biopsy and
Vaginal smear examination
Ultrasound of the pelvic organs
Tests for hormone levels, complete blood count
According to indications - diagnostic curettage of the uterine cavity with further histological examination of endometrial tissues.

103 comments

Bloody discharge between periods, of course, scares women. But few people know that such a phenomenon in most cases is not considered a sign of the development of pathologies, but is a completely natural physiological process. However, if such discharges are fixed with a certain frequency, then, of course, you should not postpone a visit to the doctor.

What is important to know about the female body?

The female body is unique, because only in it can a new life be born. Every month, the reproductive system begins to cleanse itself of accumulated blood, dead cells and mucus, which is accompanied by discharge, which in gynecology is called menstruation.

During this period, the uterus rejects the inner layer of the epithelium, which has grown throughout the cycle. Its thickening is due to the fact that the uterus is preparing to accept a fertilized egg. But if the egg is not fertilized and dies, the need for the overgrown epithelium disappears until the next maturation of the gamete and the uterus begins to clear it.

But! The process of egg maturation is also observed every month and occurs in the follicle located on the ovary. Under the influence of certain hormones, this follicle increases in size and breaks approximately on the 12th - 16th day of the cycle. This causes a rupture of its small capillaries, the contents of which (blood) enter the vaginal cavity and leave it in small quantities. This is due to the appearance of bloody or brown discharge between periods without pain and an unpleasant odor. Such a vaginal secret is scarce, observed for several hours and does not require specific therapy.

Other causes of discharge without pain

Intermenstrual discharge can occur not only at the time of ovulation, but also for other reasons. The following factors play a major role in this matter:

Psychological condition.
Age.
Change of climatic conditions.
The use of contraceptives.

Not only the work of her reproductive system, but also the whole organism as a whole depends on the psychological state of a woman. Lack of sleep, stress, emotional overwork - this can lead to daubing on any day of the menstrual cycle. Moreover, it is psychological factors that can provoke the discovery of severe uterine bleeding, even if the woman does not have any pathologies. Therefore, for those who often lack sleep or find themselves in stressful situations, doctors recommend taking herbal sedatives. This will avoid intermenstrual bleeding and the occurrence of various pathologies (stress is the main cause of the development of diseases from the cardiovascular and urinary systems).

As for the age factor, in this case we are talking about young girls whose age does not exceed 16 and women over 45 years old. In the first case, the formation of the menstrual cycle is still taking place and the discharge both during menstruation and between them is the norm.

Important! If after 16 years a girl often has intermenstrual spotting, then she should be shown to a doctor, since such phenomena signal serious hormonal disorders in the body associated with impaired functioning of the thyroid gland, pituitary gland or adrenal glands.

In women over 45 years of age, the functions of the reproductive organs fade - their activity decreases, which, of course, affects the synthesis of sex hormones. This condition is also natural and is called menopause. It can last more than one year and at this time there is a violation of the menstrual cycle. Menstruation "shifts" and becomes irregular and scanty, delayed or occurs several times a month. All this can be supplemented:

Increased sweating.
Weight gain.
Flushes of heat.
Jumps in blood pressure.
Vertigo.
Tachycardia, etc.

These unpleasant symptoms bother a woman until menopause occurs. And in order to somehow reduce the manifestations of menopause and improve the condition of a woman, doctors recommend taking special drugs that suppress symptoms and accelerate the process of menopause.

A sharp change in climatic conditions also affects the work of the reproductive organs. In this case, menstruation can "shift", linger, become scarce or plentiful. And the occurrence of intermenstrual daubing is also not uncommon. However, it should be noted that when changing climatic conditions, such a state should not be observed for more than 2 months. If scanty discharge appears between menstruation and beyond, you should definitely visit a doctor. Perhaps the change in climatic conditions provoked not only a violation of the menstrual cycle, but also an exacerbation of chronic diseases.

Contraception, namely the intrauterine device (IUD) and contraceptives, can also lead to discharge. When installing the IUD, severe damage to the walls of the cervical canal occurs, and therefore, after the procedure, a woman may experience copious discharge, which has a scarlet color. But after a few hours, their number decreases and daub begins. Normally, it should be observed for 3-5 days. However, in some women, the healing process of the cervix is delayed for a longer period, so their discharge is noted much longer.

Important! Vaginal secretion outside of menstruation, which occurs due to the installation of the IUD, can be observed throughout the cycle before the onset of menstruation. If after it it still does not go away, and abdominal pain appears, it is necessary to visit a doctor, since such symptoms indicate severe inflammation of the cervical canal and require immediate removal of the spiral.

Contraceptives contain the hormone estrogen, which suppresses the level of progesterone in the body and prevents pregnancy. Naturally, all this negatively affects the hormonal background, as a result of which a daub begins to stand out outside of menstruation. Such a picture can be observed for several months, until the body fully adapts to new conditions.

Important! From the moment of the first intake of contraceptives and until the body fully adapts, 2-3 months should pass. If after this time the woman continues to smear, she should visit a doctor. Perhaps the drug is not suitable and it is necessary to replace it, or she has certain diseases in which taking contraceptives is contraindicated.

Allocations in the middle of the cycle can also occur due to excessive physical exertion on the legs or rough sexual intercourse. In the first case, there is a strong tension in the pelvis, due to which a small amount of blood can come out of the uterus, and in the second, damage to the mucous membranes of the vagina is observed, as a result of which they can bleed. Such discharges are noted for no more than 2 - 3 hours and are not accompanied by pain in the abdomen.

Pathologies

Pathologies of the reproductive organs can provoke the appearance of not only secretions, but also:

Pain syndrome that occurs in the abdomen.
High temperature.
Weakness.
Decrease/increase in weight.
Cuttings in the urethra that appear when emptying the bladder, etc.

If a woman has a daub of a dark brown (almost black) color outside of menstruation, while pain in the abdomen and weakness are fixed, then you should immediately run to the doctor and do an ultrasound or CT scan. These symptoms are characteristic of cancer. And since some of its forms progress rapidly, affecting all nearby organs, its treatment must be carried out immediately!

The ichorus from the vagina outside of menstruation can also be released during the development of diseases such as hypothyroidism or hyperthyroidism. In the first case, there is a lack of thyroid hormones in the body, and in the second, their overabundance. Both deficiency and excess of hormones disrupt the functioning of the pelvic organs and can lead to the release of blood in a small amount.

Important! Pathologies of the thyroid gland must be treated immediately, as they can lead to the development of other diseases, including infertility and cancer!

Pink or bloody intermenstrual fluids can also appear against the background of cervical dysplasia, which is considered a precancerous condition. In the early stages of its development, this pathology is easily amenable to conservative therapy. But if you start the disease and do not start its treatment on time, then this will lead to the development of cancer and it will be impossible to get rid of it without surgical interventions, and complications will not be long in coming.

In addition, brown or white discharge with ichor is often due to ovarian cysts. This neoplasm appears as a small sac, inside which is a serous fluid. This bag also negatively affects the functioning of the ovary and the production of hormones, which leads to serious hormonal disorders.

Important! An adnexal cyst is dangerous not only for infertility, but also for its rupture, as a result of which its contents are poured into the abdominal cavity, provoking the development of peritonitis and abscess. Therefore, it is not worth delaying the treatment of this pathology, as this can lead to serious consequences.

Erosion of the cervical canal is another common disease, which is characterized by the appearance of a brownish or bloody daub outside of menstruation. Her treatment can be carried out both with medication and folk remedies. However, the most effective method of its treatment is cauterization. This procedure allows you to completely get rid of erosion and prevent the development of complications against its background.

Important! Pathology may not manifest itself for a long time, gradually growing and affecting healthy cells of the cervical canal. And if it is not treated, after a certain time it can develop into cancer!

There are many reasons why a woman has discharge outside of menstruation. And to understand why they occur, you will need to visit a doctor and undergo a full examination. If pathologies were identified during it, it is urgent to deal with their treatment. Otherwise, serious health problems may arise.