Female gynecological diseases: causes, symptoms, treatment. Women's diseases Women's gynecological diseases and their symptoms

Women's diseases are gynecological diseases associated with the physiological characteristics of the female body. These diseases occur for various reasons: genital tract infections, menstrual irregularities, hormonal disorders, neoplasms, malformations of the female genital organs, decreased immunity, stress, and much more.

Some gynecological diseases occur with complications during pregnancy, childbirth, and the postpartum period. Frequent inflammatory diseases and a long course of women's diseases can lead to impaired reproductive function.

Factors affecting the development of female gynecological diseases:

1. Overworked woman. Many different responsibilities fall on the modern one: housekeeping, raising children, and even a full-time job. Often women cannot get rid of chronic fatigue. And it serves as an impetus for the emergence of various diseases, incl. and women's.
2. Stress. Chronic or short-term strong emotional can serve as the beginning of the development of a pathological process in the female reproductive system.
3. Defective decreased immunity, hypothermia, diseases of other organs weaken the female body and lead to functional disorders of the genital organs.

Women's gynecological diseases are divided into three groups:

1. Inflammatory diseases.
2. Hormonal diseases.
3. Dystrophic or hyperplastic diseases.

Women's diseases gynecology - Women's inflammatory diseases:

Female inflammatory diseases caused by pathogenic microorganisms: specific and nonspecific. Specific microorganisms cause sexually transmitted diseases: gonorrhea, syphilis, genital tuberculosis. Nonspecific microorganisms enter the female genital organs from the outside (vulvitis, vulvovaginitis) or are carried by blood flow from internal foci of inflammation (endometritis, parametritis, salpingo-oophoritis).

You should know that the inflammatory process sometimes goes away without pronounced symptoms, and the woman feels completely healthy. Therefore, gynecologists recommend a preventive examination twice a year to detect the disease at an early stage and prevent its further development.

However, in most cases, inflammatory diseases occur with typical symptoms for them: excessive whiteness, menstrual irregularities, abdominal pain, spotting or bleeding. If these symptoms appear, you should immediately consult a doctor. Today, almost any female disease, with timely and proper treatment, ends with a complete recovery.

In case of untimely access to a doctor, infertility, oncological diseases or other complications may develop.

Women's diseases gynecology. Hormonal diseases in women:

Hormonal diseases in women arise in case of violation of the activity of the endocrine glands and, first of all, the ovaries, with a complicated course of childbirth and the postpartum period. As a result of hormonal disorders, various tumors develop: benign and malignant tumors of the uterus, fallopian tubes, ovaries, mammary glands (mastopathy) and others. Women should be treated with special attention to such diseases.

Women's diseases gynecology. Dystrophic and hyperplastic diseases in women:

Dystrophic and hyperplastic diseases of the female genital organs are various neoplasms, tumors and cysts. These include: pathology of the cervix, endometriosis, uterine fibroids.

To pathologies of the cervix include: erosion, polyps, warts, etc.

Endometriosis is more common in women of reproductive age, physically weakened, with metabolic and endocrine disorders.

Uterine fibroids - a benign tumor of the female genital organs, occurs in women aged 20 to 40 years, and undergoes surgical treatment at 30-50 years.

Treatment of female diseases with folk remedies:

Yarrow HERB - application in gynecology:

1 collection.Yarrow, sage, rosemary- 20 g each, oak bark - 40 g. Boil the whole mixture of herbs in 3 liters of water, over low heat, for 30 minutes. Broth to use for vaginal douching with whites, 2 times a day .

Collection 2. Yarrow, cinquefoil herb, valerian root- take equally. Take 2 tsp. collection, 1 cup boiling water, leave for 20 minutes. Drink infusion for? glasses, 4 times a day, with heavy menstruation.

3 collection. Yarrow, shepherd's purse, cinquefoil root - 5 parts each, oak bark - 2 parts, mix everything. 1 st. l. collection of herbs in a glass of boiling water, boil for 5 minutes, insist for 15 minutes, strain. Drink a decoction of 1 glass in the morning and evening, with heavy menstruation.

St. John's wort - use in gynecology in female inflammatory diseases: 1 st. l. St. John's wort and a glass of boiling water, boil for 15 minutes. Drink a decoction 3 times a day for a quarter cup.

GRASS CISTOTEL - application in gynecology:

With uterine myoma dry celandine 1 tbsp. l. brew a glass of boiling water, boil for a few seconds, leave for 40 minutes, strain. Reception: for half a glass of water 1 tsp. infusion of celandine, take 3 times a day before meals for 30 minutes, drink for 10 days. Take a 10 day break. Take 3 decades with breaks. At the same time, douche with the same infusion: in a glass of boiled warm water, dilute 1 tbsp. a spoonful of infusion. You need to douche 2 times a week, for 3 months.

With erosion of the cervix, whites, itching: take a handful of celandine and boil for a long time in 3 liters of water, over low heat. Douche with warm decoction daily at night for 7-10 days.

Celandine juice: Rinse the whole plant with roots in cold water, dry, chop in a meat grinder, squeeze the juice through gauze. Mix celandine juice with vodka, in equal amounts, keep in the refrigerator for 10 days. Then drink half a teaspoon per 100 g of water before meals, 3 times a day. Apply celandine juice for various diseases.

CHERRY Twigs with uterine myoma, uterine bleeding:

A bunch of cherry twigs about 10 cm long, 4-5 cm in diameter, put in 3 liters of cold water, boil a little. Drink as tea freshly brewed or cold as water, often throughout the day. Treatment - a whole year every day, without interruption. The uterus becomes normal in size, bleeding stops. Cherry twigs can be prepared for the winter, dried, stored in a cloth bag.

ROOT OF BURNER (redhead) with uterine cancer, uterine bleeding:

The root of the burnet is poured with water and boiled over low heat until the liquid becomes like tea leaves. Drink like tea, you can with sugar. One serving can be brewed several times while the tea color is still preserved. Can be used for prevention.

Highlander bird (knotweed) for gynecological diseases:

1 collection.Highlander bird (knotweed)- 1 part, horsetail - 1 part, centaury - 3 parts, goose cinquefoil- 5 parts. Mix all herbs. Preparation: 1 tbsp. brew a spoonful of grass with a glass of boiling water, insist for an hour, drink during the day in sips - with painful menstruation.

2 collection. Take in equal amounts knotweed, shepherd's purse, white mistletoe. Preparation of infusion: take 2 tbsp. brew spoons of the collection with 2 cups of boiling water, leave for about an hour. Drink infusion with heavy periods 1 glass before the onset of menstruation for 3-5 days and during it, in the morning and in the evening .

3 collection. Knotweed - 5 parts, nettle - 3 parts, chamomile- 1 part, oak bark - 1 part. Preparation of a decoction: put 2 tables in 1 liter of water. l. mixture of herbs, boil for 5 minutes, let cool and strain. Apply with whites for vaginal tampons and douches.

Kalina (flowers). Prepare a decoction of viburnum flowers: 1 tbsp. l. viburnum (flowers) in a glass of boiling water, boil for 10 minutes, drink 3 times a day, 1 table. spoon. Viburnum flowers render anti-inflammatory effect in women's diseases and increase the tone of the muscles of the uterus.

DEVASYL (root) is used with irregular and painful menstruation, and for the prevention of premature birth. Preparation of decoction: take 1 teaspoon. crushed roots of elecampane in a glass of boiling water, boil for 10-15 minutes, leave for about 4 hours. Drink a decoction 3-4 times a day for 1 tbsp. spoon.

CALENDULA (pharmacy tincture) with erosion of the cervix, trichomonas colpitis, for douching . Dilute 1 teaspoon of tincture in a glass of warm boiled water.

SEA BUCKTHORN (oil) with cervical erosion, endocervitis, colpitis in the form of tampons. After 8-12 days of treatment, sometimes earlier, epithelization occurs. The result is stable. Sea buckthorn oil is non-toxic, does not irritate mucous membranes and can be used to treat erosion in pregnant women.

NETTLE (juice) application in gynecology:

1 teaspoon fresh nettle leaf juice breed in? glass of water, drink before meals for 20 minutes, 3 times a day. Apply with excessive menstruation and various bleeding.

With erosion of the cervix,tampon with nettle juice inserted into the vagina .

Nettle Pharmacy Extract drink 30-40 drops before meals - to prevent uterine bleeding.

Useful articles:

Female gynecological diseases are a fairly common phenomenon in our time, as a result of which most women suffer. Gynecological diseases include infectious and inflammatory processes of the female reproductive system.

It is also important to have a preventive examination to exclude gynecological pathology or detect it at an early stage, as well as timely access to a antenatal clinic for qualified help after the first signs of the disease appear.

Symptoms of diseases in the field of gynecology

Gynecological diseases in women can have a wide variety of symptoms and manifestations.

Reproductive disease can occur as a result of:

• hereditary predisposition;
• infection in the body;
• diseases of the urinary system;
• hormonal disorders;
• severe pregnancy or childbirth, etc.

Absolutely all diseases can arise and actively spread if there are favorable conditions for the development of pathology.

Classification of conditions contributing to diseases:

• malnutrition;
• smoking and alcohol;
• polluted ecology;
• lack of vitamins and minerals;
• weakened immunity;
• overwork and stress;
• hypothermia;
• frequent change of sexual partners, etc.

In order to protect your body as much as possible, you need to try to eliminate all of the above factors. Depending on the cause and nature of the course, the disease can have a variety of symptoms.

The most common symptoms of gynecological diseases:

Each of the symptoms may indicate the presence of a particular gynecological disease, which, if left untreated, can lead to serious consequences, such as malignant tumors or infertility.

To date, a lot of information has been presented about women's diseases and the need for preventive examinations 1-2 per year. For healthy women, a check-up by a gynecologist should be carried out at least once a year. Unfortunately, most female representatives ignore these recommendations and turn to the antenatal clinic for help when the clinical picture is pronounced and the disease is in advanced form.

The main groups of ailments in the field of gynecology

There are a huge number of diseases in gynecology, respectively, they can be divided into several groups.

Classification of the main groups:

Inflammatory processes can manifest as an unpleasant odor, discomfort, lack of desire in closeness with a loved one, and can also provoke an ectopic pregnancy or infertility. If you turn to a specialist in time, you can avoid the transition of the disease into a chronic form.

To avoid dangerous consequences, regularly undergo preventive examinations, during which the gynecologist will take all the necessary tests and conduct a thorough examination.

The most common inflammatory diseases in alphabetical order are:

List of the most common hormonal diseases:

List of hyperplastic female diseases:

Despite the fact that almost all hyperplastic diseases are benign tumors, treatment should be carried out without fail.

Diagnosis and prevention of gynecological diseases

Only a qualified gynecologist can diagnose the disease and prescribe the correct and effective treatment. You should not be afraid of going to the doctor, you should beware of all sorts of consequences if you do not go to the doctor in time. Before going to counseling, a woman should:

During the examination, the doctor should:

1. Find out the reason for the examination (for prevention or as a result of the onset of symptoms).
2. Check with a mirror.
3. Collect biological material.
4. Provide referral for blood and urine tests.
5. Write a referral for an ultrasound scan.
6. Set the date of the next appointment to clarify the results of the tests and, if necessary, an additional examination for the appointment of therapeutic treatment.

In order to avoid the occurrence of diseases in the field of gynecology, you need to follow simple preventive recommendations:

This list of simple rules should be regularly observed by every representative of the fair sex, especially for women of reproductive age. Be healthy!

The Gynecology section is dedicated to women's health. Here are collected articles and useful tips related to women's diseases, their symptoms and treatment. The authors are practicing obstetricians and gynecologists. You can also ask the doctor a question through the feedback form or in the comments to the articles. Gynecological diseases can cause infertility: the impossibility of fulfilling the dream of motherhood is one of the strong psycho-emotional stress factors. Extremely unpleasant menstrual irregularities, constant pain and sexual disorders that occur against the background of various types of diseases of the female organs. A timely visit to a gynecologist for examination and treatment will help prevent the dangerous consequences of the pathology. The most important role of the female genital organs is the reproductive function. The vagina and cervical canal provide sperm to the uterus and tubes. An egg is formed in the ovaries every month, after successful conception, the embryo moves through the fallopian tube towards the future container for the fetus, the uterus ensures the growth and development of the baby. Women's diseases are a pathological condition in the reproductive system that creates difficulties for the occurrence of a desired pregnancy and interferes with the realization of the happiness of motherhood. Gynecology, as a medical science of women's health, helps to identify and cure diseases that impair fertility.

Symptoms of gynecological diseases

1. Pain sensations of varying degrees of intensity that occur in the lower abdomen;
2. A variety of options for menstrual disorders;
3. Pathological vaginal discharge;
4. Lack of desired conception.

Types of female diseases

1. Inflammatory diseases;
2. Menstrual disorders;
3. endocrine disorders;
4. Congenital malformations;
5. Acquired variants of the pathological position of the genital organs
6. Benign tumor-like tumors of the uterus and ovaries;
7. Malignant neoplasms.

In all cases when standard complaints and manifestations appear, it is necessary to contact the attending gynecologist as soon as possible: emerging diseases that are disturbing in a feminine way and manifesting typical signs must be identified as soon as possible in order to prevent the risk of a negative impact on fertility.

Frequent female diseases

1. Colpitis and vulvovaginitis (infectious diseases of the vagina and external genital organs that occur against the background of various types of microbial damage and are manifested by abundant whites and itching in the external genital area);
2. Erosion and cervicitis on the cervix (pathological inflammatory changes that appear against the background of a viral infection and are a risk factor for the development of malignant neoplasms of the cervical canal);
3. Endometritis (acute or chronic inflammatory process with pain syndrome and menstrual disorders);
4. Adnexitis (acute and chronic diseases of the ovaries and fallopian tubes that disrupt the processes of ovulation and are manifested by temperature, severe pain and menstrual problems);
5. Fibroids (benign nodules of muscle tissue that grow from the wall of the uterus and are the main cause of uterine bleeding);
6. Endometriosis (detection of cells of the inner lining of the uterus in atypical places with the formation of chronic pelvic pain and cyclic disorders);
7. Hyperplastic processes (focal or diffuse changes in the area of ​​the inner mucous membrane of the uterus, manifested by bleeding and impaired reproductive function);
8. Cyst (formation of a cavity filled with fluid in the ovary, which causes hormonal and menstrual disorders);
9. Genital prolapse (omission and prolapse of the uterus with characteristic problems from the reproductive and urinary organs);
10. A cancerous tumor of any localization (oncological pathology with pain and unsystematic bleeding).

Treatment of gynecological diseases

1. conservative;
2. Surgical.

1. Drug treatment (antibiotics, anti-inflammatory drugs, hormonal drugs, painkillers and symptomatic drugs);
2. Non-drug effects (physiotherapy, massage, spa factors).

Gynecological diseases are pathologies of the female reproductive system. They are provoked by infectious lesions, inflammatory processes, improper location or defects in the development of the genital organs.

All causes of diseases of the female genital organs are divided into two groups: external and internal. External factors include:

1. Constant intense stress.
2. Frequent and uncontrolled change of sexual partners.
3. Deterioration of the ecological situation.
4. Spontaneous intake of antibiotics.
5. Early sexual life.
6. Infections.
7. Insufficient or incorrect hygiene.

Internal causes include:

1. Incorrect formation or location of the genitals.
2. Miscarriages and abortions.
3. Hormonal disruptions.

Classification of pathologies of female genital organs

Gynecological diseases are divided into 3 main groups:

1. Inflammatory diseases. Occur due to the penetration and reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms.
2. Hormonal pathologies. They appear as a result of a malfunction of the endocrine glands.
3. hyperplastic diseases. Characterized by the formation of cysts, benign and oncogenic tumors.

General symptoms

Only a specialist can distinguish one gynecological disease from another, since most female pathologies have similar symptoms. The most common symptoms include:

1. Leucorrhoea is white vaginal discharge. Normally, they are present in every woman. But they are transparent, and their number is insignificant and increases only during ovulation. When whites change color, their volume increases and an unpleasant odor appears - this indicates the development of a pathological process.
2. Extramenstrual bleeding. They can be profuse, spotting, or slight. The time of appearance is not tied to menstruation: bleeding occurs before, after or in the middle of the cycle. Often appear immediately after intercourse.
3. Burning and itching. They are characterized by different intensity, sometimes they occur only periodically - before menstruation or during ovulation.
4. Discomfort during intercourse. Often accompanied by pain.
5. Discomfort or pain when urinating.
6. Sometimes rashes, ulcers, erosions appear on the genitals.
7. Pain in the lower abdomen: pulling, pressing, bursting.
8. In some cases, gynecological diseases lead to infertility or miscarriages.

List of common gynecological diseases

There are many pathologies of the genital organs in women. Symptoms, diagnosis, and treatment of gynecological diseases depend on their type and nature. Among them are the most common pathologies.

Inflammation of the ovaries and appendages

The medical name for inflammation of the ovaries is oophoritis, and that of the appendages is salpingitis. But most often there is a general inflammatory process - salpingoophoritis or adnexitis.

Pathology develops against the background of infection. It is caused by microorganisms. They enter the genitals and begin to multiply with a decrease in immunity or hypothermia. Also, the causes of inflammation are spirals, abortions, and obstructed childbirth.

The first symptoms appear a few days after infection. Arise:

• pain in the lower abdomen;
• discharge;
• bad smell;
• temperature rise;
• dizziness;
• headache;
• general weakness.

In the absence of correct treatment, the disease flows into a chronic form. The severity of symptoms decreases, which is why women often attribute discomfort to other causes. Characteristic signs of chronic inflammation of the appendages and ovaries are pain on palpation and in the lumbar region, which increases before and during menstruation.

To diagnose the disease, an examination by a doctor, smears from the church canal and vagina are necessary. Prevention of gynecological inflammations consists in avoiding hypothermia, being in a draft, sufficient hygiene and strengthening the immune system.

uterine fibroids

Hyperplastic disease. It proceeds with the formation in the uterus of a benign tumor formed from muscle tissue. The neoplasm does not transform into oncogenic, but is accompanied by discomfort, heavy bleeding during menstruation, the presence of spotting between cycles, occasionally constipation, frequent urination and pain in the lower abdomen.

Most often, uterine fibroids occur against the background of hormonal imbalance, in particular, with increased production of estrogen and progesterone. Other reasons include:

• abortion;
• diagnostic curettage;
• blood stasis due to a sedentary lifestyle or lack of regular sex.

Often, uterine fibroids do not manifest themselves in any way and are found only on ultrasound. If the tumor is small and does not cause discomfort, treatment may not be carried out. However, the neoplasm is constantly monitored. Large fibroids are removed surgically.

endometriosis

Endometriosis refers to the growth of endometrial tissue in the uterus. Pathology is provoked by a decrease in the protective mechanisms of the immune system, a hereditary factor and an imbalance of hormones.

The symptoms of endometriosis are extensive, making it difficult to diagnose. These include:

• heavy menstruation;
• bleeding in any phase of the cycle;
• pain in the lower abdomen and lower back;
• cycle failures;
• increased fatigue.

To diagnose endometriosis, an examination by a gynecologist, ultrasound of the genital organs, colcoscopy, and in some cases, laparoscopy and analysis of CA-125 (ovarian tumor marker) are necessary.

Treatment necessarily includes taking hormonal drugs, painkillers and anti-inflammatory drugs, vitamins. In severe cases resort to surgical intervention.

Cervical erosion

Cervical erosion is a benign pathology in women, accompanied by a violation of the mucous layers of the uterus. Despite the non-oncological nature, the disease requires constant monitoring. It is provoked by inflammation and injuries of the genital organs, early sexual activity, decreased immunity, hormone imbalance and disruption of the endocrine system.

Most often, erosion is detected only on examination. But the following symptoms may appear:

1. Bleeding after intercourse is the main sign of cervical erosion.
2. Painful sensations.
3. Unpleasant odor associated with infection.

Diagnosis of cervical erosion is carried out with the help of scraping, smear, colposcopy, and also biopsy in case of suspicion of the transformation of the disease into a cancerous condition.

Colpitis

Under colpitis understand inflammation of the vaginal mucosa. It is provoked by the ingress and reproduction of pathogenic microorganisms: fungus, herpes, ureaplasma.

Colpitis occurs in two stages: acute and chronic. Symptoms of the disease will differ depending on its type.

1. Acute colpitis is accompanied by:
   • swelling of the mucous membrane and rash;
   • secretions;
   • itching;
   • burning sensation;
   • pain in the vagina.
2. Symptoms of chronic colpitis are erased. Sometimes appear:
   • discharge with a characteristic odor.

The main diagnosis of colpitis consists in a smear, examination of secretions under a microscope and bakposev. Additionally, blood and urine tests may be ordered. All examinations are carried out by a gynecologist. Therapy depends on the clinical picture and is selected individually for each patient. Most often, vaginal suppositories and douching are prescribed.

Bacterial vaginosis

Bacterial vaginosis appears due to an imbalance in the microflora of the vagina. Pathology is provoked by jumps in hormone levels, prolonged use of antibiotics and a weakening of the body's defense mechanisms.

1. Abundant white discharge with a greenish or yellowish tint and a pungent odor.
2. Discomfort during urination.
3. Transient or persistent itching, aggravated during menstruation.
4. Discomfort during intercourse.

Bacterial vaginosis is diagnosed using a smear on the flora, PRC diagnostics and culture of vaginal discharge to determine the type of pathogen.

Vulvitis

Vulvitis is an inflammation of the vulva - the external genitalia in women. These include the clitoris, small and large labia, the outer part of the urethra and the entrance to the vagina.

As a rule, vulvitis accompanies other female gynecological diseases of an inflammatory nature. It also appears due to insufficient hygiene, contact with foreign objects, touching unwashed hands on the genitals.

Vulvitis can occur in acute and chronic form. However, their symptoms will be the same:

1. Pain in the vulva, aggravated by touch, urination, sexual intercourse.
2. Redness and swelling of the external genitalia.
3. Burning.
4. Increased body temperature.
5. Plaques and plaque on the mucosa.
6. Vesicles filled with liquid exudate on the inside of the genitals.

For diagnosis, a fence is taken for sowing, tests are carried out to determine the type of pathogen.

Ovarian cyst

A cyst is a non-oncogenic neoplasm. It looks like a tumor filled with fluid. A feature of the ovarian cyst is its ability to increase in size.

Pathological symptoms include:

1. Pain in the lower abdomen.
2. Asymmetrical enlargement of the abdomen.
3. Menstrual irregularities.
4. Compression of organs and blood vessels.

An ovarian cyst is easily detected on ultrasound. Treatment will depend on the type of tumor. Therapy for an inflammatory pathology includes anti-inflammatory drugs, hormonal type - correction of hormonal levels, follicular - usually does not require intervention, and cysts go away on their own.

Cysts tend to transform into oncogenic tumors. Therefore, if conservative treatment has not yielded results after three months of therapy, an operation is performed - a laparotomy.

Candidiasis or thrush

Thrush or candidiasis is caused by colonies of fungi of the genus Candida. Normally, they are constantly on the mucous membranes of healthy people, but are activated when the immune system is weakened or the microflora is disturbed. Candidiasis provokes unsystematic antibiotics, prolonged violations of the diet, wakefulness and rest, regular stressful situations.

Thrush is accompanied by:

1. White curdled discharge. They are present in the vagina and on the mucous membrane of the external genital organs.
2. Itching and burning.
3. Discomfort during urination and touching the genitals.
4. Unpleasant sensations during intercourse.

Unlike bacterial vaginosis, thrush is sexually transmitted. Therefore, both partners should be treated simultaneously.

Chlamydia

Chlamydia is a sexually transmitted infectious disease. It is provoked by the bacteria Chlamydia trachomatis - chlamydia. In women, chlamydia is more common than in men - 65% and 47%, respectively.

Chlamydia is often asymptomatic. Pathology is detected only when testing for sexually transmitted diseases and, often, when it is in an advanced stage.

People with weakened immune systems are most susceptible to chlamydia. Pathology causes the development of other gynecological diseases (in 40%) and infertility (in 50%). Since the disease is sexually transmitted, simultaneous therapy of both partners is needed.

For the timely detection of diseases of the genital organs, it is necessary to periodically, at least once every six months, examination and consultation with a gynecologist. The presence of at least one symptom is a good reason to seek medical help. But sometimes pathologies are asymptomatic for a long time. And the lack of timely treatment contributes to the flow of the disease into a chronic form.

Gynecology

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Gynecology is a field of clinical medicine that studies anatomical features, physiological processes occurring in a woman's body at different periods of life, as well as diseases of the female genital area, methods for their recognition, prevention and treatment. Therapy and prevention of gynecological diseases is a concern not only for women's health, but also for motherhood, the health of future generations. In this regard, the undeniable social importance of gynecology as a science and as a clinical discipline.