Children's inhalers for cough and runny nose. Why can't you inhalation for cough and runny nose at the same time? Dry cough inhalations for children and adults

For the treatment of cough resulting from a cold, doctors often recommend inhalation, that is, inhalation of vapors of medicinal solutions. This method of therapy has been known since ancient times. With this method, in just a few sessions, you can cure a wet cough, as well as achieve sputum separation when dry. In this article, we will analyze the most common drugs, and you decide which inhalation solution is best for coughing the kind that torments you or your child. We will also talk about special devices that facilitate inhalation - nebulizers, because it's no secret to anyone that doing inhalations according to the method of our grandmothers (putting a bowl of potato broth and covering with a cap from a thick blanket) is not a pleasant occupation.

Action of inhalation

Inhalations are the most gentle and highly effective way to get rid of all types of coughs. In addition, as a result of just a few procedures, a cold runny nose disappears, since the medicine is absorbed very quickly. Inhalations are allowed for almost everyone (we will talk about some cases of contraindications at the end of the article). Drugs inhaled through the nasopharynx bypass the main bloodstream and also do not enter the digestive tract, so they do not weaken the immune system and do not destroy the liver, kidneys and stomach.

In medical institutions, in physiotherapy rooms, inhalations are carried out using special stationary inhalers-nibulizers. Currently, such devices are sold in pharmacies and medical equipment stores. The choice is very large. This can be seen from the photographs presented in our article.

For home needs, in case of colds or SARS, you can purchase a portable device for those who have purchased such a device in their home first-aid kit, they say that it greatly facilitates the treatment process. The instruction accompanying the device contains information on how to inhale in a nebulizer when coughing, which solutions are best used in a particular case.

Nebulizer inhalation

A modern nebulizer is good because inhalations can be done with it even at elevated temperatures. The whole procedure takes 3 minutes for children, 5-10 minutes for adults, and a cough solution for inhalation is easy to do on your own or buy ready-made at a pharmacy. Next, we will talk about the most popular formulations for inhalation.

Going to buy an inhaler, you need to familiarize yourself with the basic information about the principles of operation and other important features of these units.

Nebulizers are divided according to the method of supplying the drug - compressor, ultrasonic and electronic mesh. All of them split the inhalation solutions into tiny drops and spray them into the nasopharynx.

The compressor operates according to the pump method - it sprays an aqueous solution like an aerosol. It is considered the most reliable and easy to use. Price is cheaper than others. The disadvantages include relatively large dimensions, which does not allow for inhalation while lying down, as well as a rather noisy operation of the device. This is important when a cough solution is made for inhalation for infants or bedridden patients.

Ultrasonic is a generator that creates high frequency waves that separate the drug into molecules, creating a fine fraction. It irrigates the nasopharynx, penetrating deeper than with compressor spraying. However, not every solution for inhalation when coughing with a nebulizer is suitable for this device. Working on the method of ultrasonic splitting, it is able to distort the properties of medicinal excipients. This does not apply to herbal solutions, but is risky when inhaled with chemical drugs. Also, oily solutions cannot be loaded into the ultrasonic nebulizer.

Electronic mesh nebulizers are compact, silent and very easy to use. Their only drawback is a higher price compared to those described above. The principle of operation of electronic mesh nebulizers is based on the vibration of a metal mesh, through the microscopic holes of which a cough solution is sieved for inhalation, then, with a pump, it is sent out - into the openings of the nasopharynx.

At the end of the procedure, the inhaler should be washed and dried.

Bronchodilator drugs

In the case of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease or in the diagnosis of bronchial asthma, a portable nebulizer is indispensable for stopping asthma attacks. A small device can be charged with anti-asthma drugs such as Salgim, Berotek, Berodual and Atrovent and Ventolin Nebula.

"Salgim" - a ready-made solution for inhalation for coughing. It does not need to be diluted with saline. This also applies to Ventolin Nebula. The active ingredient in both medicines is salbutamol. For inhalation, a 0.1% solution is suitable.

The active substance "Berotek" - fenoterol.

The active ingredients of Berodual are fenoterol and ipratropium bromide.

The active substance of Atrovent is ipratropium bromide.

"Berotek", "Berodual" and "Atrovent" are required to be diluted with saline to a volume of 3-4 ml.

All of these drugs are suitable for both adults and children and, according to reviews, they have proven themselves very well as quick-acting agents. There are no unwanted side effects.

and expectorants

"ACC Inject" and "Fluimucil" are prescribed for the accumulation of mucus in the upper respiratory tract and in violation of sputum discharge from the lower respiratory tract. If a doctor prescribes antibiotics with which both drugs are poorly combined, Flimucil Antibiotic is recommended. The active substance of Flimucil and ACC Injecta is acetylcysteine. It is recommended in the case of paracetamol, as it reduces its toxic effects on liver cells. According to reviews, these two drugs are considered more popular.

If the doctor has prescribed a course of antibiotics, then for complex therapy, drugs containing Ambroxol or its analogues should be taken, in particular, Lazolvan cough solution for inhalation. The active substance of "Lazolvan" is ambroxol. Dilute "Lazolvan" with sodium chloride (saline solution, sold in pharmacies). A solution for inhalation for cough "Ambrobene" is also suitable. with the same active ingredient. "Ambrobene" and "Lazolvan" are forbidden to be used in combination with other antitussive drugs, especially since they quickly alleviate the condition in acute and chronic respiratory diseases, accompanied by the release of viscous sputum.

Drugs with anti-inflammatory effect

Drugs with anti-inflammatory effect are prescribed for diseases of the middle and upper respiratory tract with colds, flu and injuries. The best of them are the homeopathic preparations Malavit, Rotokan and Tonsilgon N (solution for inhalation for coughs and snot), as well as alcohol tinctures of calendula, yarrow, chamomile and propolis.

"Malavit" is a biologically active alcohol tincture, consisting of mineral and plant components. It quickly relieves inflammation of the nasopharynx and relieves sore throat. It is enough to make 3-4 inhalations per day. It is very concentrated - 30 ml of saline is required for 1 ml of tincture. One procedure is 3-4 ml of solution.

"Tonsilgon N" is prescribed for tonsillitis, laryngitis and pharyngitis. The drug is homeopathic. The main component is marshmallow root, plus horsetail, chamomile, walnut leaf, oak bark and dandelion. "Tonsilgon N" is prescribed even for children under one year of age who are bottle-fed. For one inhalation - 3-4 ml of Tonsilgon N solution with saline. For children up to a year, the proportion is 1:3, from a year to seven - 1:2, older - 1:1.

Phytopreparations based on propolis should be checked for allergic reactions to bee products. If none are found, then inhalations with propolis can be recommended in a variety of cases of respiratory infections. They relieve pain and inflammation in the throat, upper and middle respiratory tract resulting from an infectious or traumatic injury, disinfect and heal microtraumas and relieve swelling.

Antihistamines and glucocorticosteroids

Inhalations with glucocorticosteroids and antihistamines, such as Pulmicort (the active ingredient is budesonide), Cromohexal and Dexamethasone, have anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory and anti-asthmatic effects. They are prescribed in combination with hormonal drugs, therefore, none of the cough inhalation solutions mentioned in this paragraph is suitable for children under 2 years old, pregnant women and nursing mothers. In ultrasonic nebulizers, Kromhexal and Dexamethasone are used, diluted in a ratio of 1:6.

"Pulmicort" is suitable for all types of nebulizers, except for ultrasonic ones. This is one of the best glucocorticosteroids. Adults can do inhalations with pure "Pulmicort", and children need to reduce the concentration.

Antibiotics and antiseptics

Ready-made antibacterial solutions for inhalation are sold in pharmacies, but they can also be prepared independently, for example, a solution of furacilin, miramistin, gentamicin or dioxidine.

From furacilin, a solution for inhalation for coughing at home is made, adhering to the following ratio: one tablet per 100 ml of saline. Furacilin has a good disinfectant property and prevents the penetration of infection into the lower sections of the lungs. Two inhalations a day are enough.

Miramistin inhalations help with a variety of inflammations, including those accompanied by the formation of purulent ulcers, as is the case with follicular tonsillitis.

Against staph infection, inhalation with eucalyptus is effective. If there are no dry leaves, then they can be replaced with "Chlorophyllipt" - a 1% alcohol infusion of the plant, however, it leaves indelible stains. very useful for the lungs, but they should not be given to patients with asthma or in the presence of spasms in the bronchi.

"Gentamcin" is prescribed when a focus of infection is detected in the upper respiratory tract, and "Dioxidin" has a wide spectrum of action and fights almost all types of pathogenic microorganisms that affect the respiratory system.

"Fluimucil-antibiotic" is available in the form of a powder and is diluted according to the instructions. Suitable as an antimicrobial, thinning and expectorant.

Medicines that strengthen the immune system

To date, Interferon and Derinat are considered the best immunomodulators. Powder "Interferon" is used for instillation into the nose, and "Derinat" is suitable for inhalation. Both drugs are prescribed for the prevention of influenza and SARS, as well as for the prevention of complications and to alleviate the course of the disease.

"Interferon" is available in pharmacies in the form of a ready-made liquid solution, and a solution for inhalation from cough and runny nose of cold origin from "Derinat" is made as follows: a 0.25% solution is taken at a time and diluted with saline in a ratio of 1: 1. During the day, it is enough to make two inhalations.

Decongestants

With stenosis of the larynx, laryngitis, laryngotracheitis and croup, 0.1-0.05% solution of Naphthyzine or Epinephrine (Adrenaline), diluted in saline, helps relieve swelling. These drugs can only be used on the recommendation of the attending physician, since Naphthyzinum (the active ingredient naphazoline) is addictive with prolonged use and contributes to the development of chronic rhinitis, and Epinephrine (the active ingredient epinephrine) can cause heart rhythm failure.

Antitussive drugs

This group of drugs is recommended if you suffer from an unproductive, dry cough. Inhalations with a nebulizer (solutions are calculated individually at the appointment with the attending physician) stop the obsessive cough and have an anesthetic effect. Thyme-based drops, Tussamag, are suitable for adults and children over one year old. A solution for inhalation when coughing with a nebulizer for children is prepared at the rate of 1 ml of medicine - 3 ml of sodium chloride. For adults, the proportion is 1:1.

Lidocaine also stops dry and obsessive non-productive coughs. A solution for inhalation with a dry cough is prepared from 1% and saline.

Do's and Don'ts during Pregnancy

If a cold or SARS is diagnosed in a pregnant woman, then self-medication is categorically contraindicated, however, we can advise well-proven recipes that do not cause objections from doctors, suitable for women in such a delicate position. It's no secret that the most effective, fastest and safest way to get rid of colds and flu is inhalation in a nebulizer.

When coughing, which solutions can best and most quickly alleviate the condition of a pregnant woman? Of course, this is the inhalation of vapors or the spraying of warm mineral water, such as Narzan and Borjomi. This procedure instantly relieves the feeling of dryness and tickling, and also cleanses the nasopharynx. Water should be used non-carbonated. Perfectly clean the nasopharynx from pathological microorganisms inhalation with sea water or with the addition of sea salt. With a dry cough, you can do soda inhalation.

Even a slight nasal congestion reduces the supply of oxygen to the fetus, and this is fraught with pathologies in the development of the baby. Inhalations of mineral water and medicinal herbs should be part of the pregnant regimen, especially if the last trimesters fall on damp and cold months.

Herbal raw materials for bronchitis and tracheitis can be chamomile, sage, calendula, eucalyptus, coltsfoot and lavender.

In the absence of allergies to essential oils of lime, rose, fir, lavender, myrtle, pine, it is good to add a few drops to hot water and breathe for 5-7 minutes.

Inhalations over steam from hot potatoes are still very popular. They are completely harmless and suitable for everyone. Now they can be done in a nebulizer - it is much more convenient than under a blanket cap, and no less effective.

To improve general well-being and prevent colds, it is useful to do inhalations with the Vietnamese Asterisk balm. It is a solid oil extract of almost 30 medicinal herbs. For one inhalation, a match head of balm is enough for a small amount of warm water (half or a little more than half a glass). The solution is placed in a nebulizer and inhaled for several minutes or 5-7 times. You can repeat as needed - no contraindications, no side effects, no painful addiction can be feared.

A ready-made solution for inhalation for coughing during pregnancy can be bought at a pharmacy. We have given a list of the best drugs above. Some of them are also suitable for pregnant women. In particular, this applies to "Furacilin", "Chlorophyllipt", "Pulmicort", "Dexamethasone" and some others. In the instructions accompanying the medicine, there is always an accompanying leaflet that indicates whether this remedy can be used during pregnancy or not.

To strengthen immunity during seasonal epidemics of influenza and SARS, it is very important for pregnant women to prevent infection with the virus; for this purpose, it is recommended to prophylactically take several inhalations of Interferon. Powder is intended for inhalation. It is sold in ampoules. It is diluted with 2 ml of distilled water and combined with saline to a volume of 4-5 ml.

But what is not allowed for pregnant women, nursing mothers and their babies:

All prescription drugs;

Preparations containing iodine;

Preparations made on the basis of alcohol;

Herbal oils of nightshade, rosemary, coniferous trees, basil, marjoram, rosemary and dill.

Contraindications

Any solution for inhalation when coughing with a nebulizer requires compliance with certain rules.

First, before proceeding with the procedure, you must obtain permission from your doctor. Only he, having studied and examined the patient, can prescribe the appropriate medicine and the correct ratio of the components of the solution. In some diseases of the heart and lungs, inhalation is strictly prohibited.

Secondly, the solution for inhalation with a wet cough should be warm. Cold either will not work, or will cause deterioration. Its temperature should not be lower than 36 and not higher than 40 degrees. Immediately after a hot inhalation, you should not go outside if the weather is cold there. You need to sit in the room for 15 minutes to cool down and prevent unwanted contrast of air in the lungs and coming from outside (this is fraught with a new cold or a complication of an existing one).

Thirdly, some drugs can be addictive or provoke an allergic reaction, therefore, when buying a drug at a pharmacy, carefully read the instructions before using it.

If inhalation is aimed at treating a runny nose, then the medicine should be inhaled through the nose, and if we treat the throat and lungs, then through the mouth. After inhalation, you should not drink, eat or smoke for an hour.

Diseases accompanied by a cough or runny nose cause a lot of discomfort. It is known that by adding inhalations to the treatment, recovery occurs faster, and relief comes instantly. Traditional medicine offers a choice of several varieties of inhalers. To choose the right cough and cold inhaler, you need to learn more about the market for these useful devices.

Inhalers for colds and coughs

Types of inhalers

Let's start by naming 4 types of inhalation devices:

• steam;
• ultrasonic;
• electronic mesh;
• compressor or jet.

Let us clarify that the class "nebulizers" includes all of the devices listed, except for steam inhalers. Ultrasonic, electronic mesh, compressor or jet devices are called nebulizers because their operation is based not on the production of steam, but on the production of aerosol. This substance, in fact, is an accumulation of very small particles of a solution that is poured into the device.

Steam inhaler

Steam inhalers popular today work by evaporating the liquid drug poured into the reservoir. In some cases, it is the steam method of inhalation that is prescribed. This method has a number of features, but some of them can be identified as disadvantages, let's call these characteristics.

• Difficulties with inhalation of the outgoing heated steam jet are possible.
• From heating, a certain proportion of the components of the drug is degraded.
• It is unacceptable to do hot inhalation if the ambient temperature exceeds 37.5 degrees Celsius.
• For steam inhalers, only volatile liquids are suitable, the boiling point of which does not reach 100 degrees. Mostly essential oils are used. This fact clearly limits the capabilities of such devices.
• It is believed that the concentration of the active substance during the operation of such devices is too low, definitely below the useful mark.

As an example of a steam inhaler, let's call a commercially available device, it is "B.Well WN-118". The manufacturer added the phrase "Miracle Steam" to the name.

Nebulizers for colds and coughs

Electronic nebulizer

Relatively new developments are inhalers that work on the high-tech idea of ​​"mesh". We are talking about electronic mesh devices. Let's describe them.

• The operation of such devices is based on low-frequency spraying of a liquid drug.
• Such inhalers differ from conventional ultrasonic devices in that the innovative Mesh technology implies the possibility of using the widest range of drugs from the groups: mucolytics and antibiotics. Hormonal drugs are also used, such as Fluimucil, Pulmicort.
• Devices that have the status of electronic mesh nebulizers are adapted for the use of oil-based solutions with a maximum viscosity of 3 Sp.
• Nebulizers with Mesh-technology work without creating any noise at all and producing a quick dispersion of a highly dispersed substance - consisting of many tiny particles.

The demanded model of the MESH-nebulizer of the electronic mesh type is the B.Well WN-114 adult model.

Ultrasonic inhaler-nebulizer

Due to the passage of the drug through the ultrasonic inhaler, an aerosol of small particles is formed. Inhalation of such a substance ensures the full penetration of the active components into the lungs.

• An ultrasonic inhaler for cough and runny nose quickly relieves because the liquid in it breaks into small particles. This process proceeds due to the vibration concentrated on the emitter plate.
• The particles emitted by the device have a maximum size of 5 µm. These substances have an optimal size for unhindered penetration to small areas of the bronchial system. This provides a quick relief of inflammation.
• In the medical field, there is evidence that the inflamed mucous membrane of our respiratory tract, including bronchioles, equates to at least 5-10 m². To treat this entire area with a medicine, a minimum of 15-30 milliliters of the drug is required. Exclusively ultrasonic devices for a session of a maximum of a quarter of an hour are capable of delivering the highest performance, distributing the required portion of the solution throughout the cavity of the respiratory system.
• It is permissible to carry out inhalations not only with decoctions of medicinal plants, but also with alkaline solutions, such as mineral water "Borjomi"
• The lightweight device has convenient small dimensions, some of its models are equipped with additional attachments and masks. Some accessories are designed for inhalation in lying and even sleeping people.

The class of ultrasonic devices includes "B.Well WN-116 U" and "B.Well WN-119 U", characterized by compact dimensions.

Compressor or jet inhaler-nebulizer

The characteristics of compressor or jet nebulizers are generally equivalent to ultrasonic devices. The difference is only in size and sounds.

• The dimensions and weight of this type of devices are impressive.
• The work is accompanied by a characteristic sound, which you will have to get used to.
• In compressor-type inhalers, an aerosol cloud is created by the operation of the compressor. The system creates a rapidly moving air stream passing through a small hole in the cavity of the solution nebulizer.
• The indisputable advantage of this type of inhaler is the work with all known liquids for inhalation.

We will indicate several models of universal compressor or jet nebulizers.

• An economical device with a special spraying method from the manufacturer "B.Well" under the name "WN-112K".
• Device "NEB 10", produced by the manufacturer "Microlife" and equipped with a switch built into the nebulizer.
• The manufacturer "Philips" offers the device "Respironics Clenny2", which has small dimensions.
• The "WN-117" from "B.Well" also has a small body size.
• The device "WN-115K" is intended for the younger generation, "B.Well" produces it in the form of a train.

If you use an inhaler as directed, you can recover from cough and runny nose faster than with conventional therapy. It is this integrated approach, which is also available at home, that provides not only relief from the symptoms of the disease, but also the absence of dangerous complications.

One of the most effective and safest ways to overcome seasonal colds and flu has long been inhalation, which traditionally consisted of inhaling hot vapors of herbal decoctions.

Today, physicians around the world highly appreciate the effect of nebulizer therapy - inhalation with the help of special devices - inhalers or nebulizers, this is primarily due to the effectiveness and safety of this treatment method. The therapeutic effect in this procedure is achieved by transporting the drug in the form of an aerosol directly to the site of inflammation, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract, liver, kidneys and other organs and systems.

Inhalation is used in the treatment of (ARVI), chronic, and other respiratory diseases.

In pharmacies of Ukraine there is a fairly wide selection of inhalers. Operating principle such devices - converting the drug into an aerosol using a compressor or ultrasonic vibrations.

It should be noted that the possibility of reaching foci of inflammation, the depth of penetration of the medicinal substance into the upper or lower respiratory tract, directly depends on the size of the aerosol particles. A unique feature of some inhalers is that the device converts the aerosol into very small (up to 5 microns) particles. This allows the drug to simultaneously penetrate into the upper and, importantly, reach the lower respiratory tract of the bronchioles, alveoli in the concentration necessary for the therapeutic effect.

Inhalers, as a rule, are equipped with a built-in timer, if not, then on average, the duration of the inhalation procedure is 10 minutes. Some devices are equipped with an automatic shutdown mode, which makes it easier to conduct a therapy session. Also, in some devices it is possible to adjust the rate of aerosol supply to the respiratory tract: for adults it is higher, for children it is lower.

Today in Ukraine there are not many medical institutions that are equipped with a new generation of nebulizers. Basically, devices made in the USSR are used, which have undergone more than one maintenance cycle. Now everyone can take care of their health using their personal nebulizer inhaler without leaving home and without visiting the clinic, especially in cold weather, when the effect of inhalation is reduced.

What is the difference between a compressor and an ultrasonic inhaler nebulizer?

Compressor inhalers nebulizers

An electric compressor supplies a powerful air flow to the spray chamber, where, upon contact with the drug, a polydisperse aerosol is formed, containing particles less than 5 microns, which is optimal for the drug to enter the lungs.

The positive properties of the compressor inhaler is the versatility in the use of drugs. The disadvantages of such a device is the noise factor, the compressor nebulizer is considered noisier than ultrasonic devices.

Ultrasonic Nebulizers

An aerosol is formed by exposing the liquid to ultrasonic vibrations generated by a piezoelectric element. About 90% of aerosol particles are 2-3 microns in size, due to which they reach the small bronchi and bronchioles. Disadvantages - restriction in the use of certain types of drugs. Advantages - noiselessness.

What determines the level of penetration of the drug into the respiratory tract?

The depth to which aerosol particles penetrate the respiratory tract depends on the particle size of this aerosol. It has been established that particles with a size of 5-10 microns are deposited in the oropharynx, larynx and trachea, 2-5 microns - in the lower respiratory tract (medium and small bronchi), 0.5-2 microns - in the alveoli, less than 0.5 microns do not linger in the lungs and exhaled. All this information is taken into account when developing modern inhalers and creating drugs for inhalation treatment.

What are the benefits of inhalation therapy?

• Possibility of direct and rapid impact on the area of ​​inflammation
• The inhaled substance is practically not absorbed into the blood. No side effects on other organs
• High penetrating power (up to the alveoli)
• The use of drugs that can only be aerosolized by this method (antibiotics, sputum thinners)
• The possibility of using inhalation therapy in patients of all ages, as well as during an exacerbation

Medicines for use in inhalers and nebulizers

Natural and essential oils

Inhaling essential oils is an effective method of aromatherapy. Care should be taken to use different oils, the selection of oils should be individual. Before using essential oils, be sure to consult your doctor. When using essential oils, their concentration should not exceed 5%.

Alkaline solutions

sodium bicarbonate. A 2% solution is used to thin the mucus and create an alkaline environment in the focus of inflammation. Ten-minute inhalation increases the efficiency of removing mucopurulent discharge from the nasal cavity by more than 2 times.

Saline solutions

Sodium chloride. A 0.9% solution does not irritate the mucous membranes, it is used to soften them, to cleanse and rinse the nasal cavity in case of contact with caustic substances. 2% hypertonic solution helps to cleanse the nasal cavity from mucopurulent contents.

Bronchodilators

Atrovent - has both a direct bronchodilating effect and a similar preventive effect, causes a decrease in the secretion of bronchial glands and prevents the development of bronchospasm. In a solution for inhalation through a nebulizer, 1 ml is used 3 to 5 times a day for adults.

Salbutamol - relieves bronchospasm, reduces bronchial resistance and increases lung capacity

Berotek (fenoterol) - for inhalation through a nebulizer is used in the form of a 0.1% solution of 2 ml 3-4 times a day in order to obtain a rapid bronchodilatory effect.

Berodual is a fast-acting drug with a duration of action of up to 5-6 hours, which allows it to be used to relieve bronchospasm.

Mucolytics

Acetylcysteine ​​- used for inhalation through a nebulizer in the form of a 20% solution of 2-4 ml 3-4 times a day.

Mukomist - for inhalation, an ampouled solution containing 0.2 g of the active substance in 1 ml is used.

Lazolvan - for inhalation therapy can be used for obstructive chronic bronchitis in the acute stage. That's why, inhalation for obstructive bronchitis can take place with the use of lazolvan.

Pulmicort - a suspension of 0.25 mg is used 2-3 times a day.

Antibiotics

Dioxidin is an antimicrobial drug that also acts on strains of bacteria resistant to various antibiotics, in the form of a 1% solution.

Furacilin (1:5000) affects gram-positive and gram-negative microbes; effective inhalation in the acute phases of diseases of the upper respiratory tract. Inhalations are recommended 2 times a day in the amount of 2-5 ml.

Malavit is a powerful antiseptic and antibacterial agent with antiviral and antifungal, as well as analgesic properties.

Tubazid - is used in the form of a 6% solution of 21 ml twice a day.

Streptomycin - for inhalation therapy, a freshly prepared solution of streptomycin in isotonic sodium chloride solution is used at the rate of 0.2-0.25 g of streptomycin in 3-5 ml of sodium chloride solution daily.

What drugs are used for inhalation?

Currently, a number of drugs for nebulization are registered in Ukraine (the information below is for review and is not a basis for recommending patients without a doctor's prescription). Some of them are presented below.

Cough inhalers: mucolytics (sputum thinners)

Ambroxol hydrochloride (Lazolvan, Beringenr, Ingelheim) amp. 2 ml (15 mg)

Ambroxol hydrochloride (Ambrobene, Ratiopharm) solution for ing. fl. 100 ml

Inhalations from the common cold: Antibacterial agents

Amikacin (Lorikatsin, Exir Pharmaceutical Co.) amp. 50/250mg/ 2 ml

Lincomycin Hydrochloride (Lincocin, Pharmacia N.V./S.A.) fl. 300 mg/ 2 ml

Inhalations for the treatment of the throat and nose. Antiseptics

Dioxidine amp. 0.5% for 10 ml

Furacillin fl. 200, 400 ml

Miramistin fl. 0.01% 200 ml

Humidifiers: respiratory mucosal rehydrators

Physiological solution (0.9% solution of sodium chloride) vial. 200, 400 ml

Mineral alkaline waters "Luzhanskaya", "Polyana Kvasova", "Borjomi", etc.

Sodium bicarbonate (solution 0.5-2%) fl. 200, 400 ml

Inhalations with a nebulizer: preparation of solutions for a nebulizer

1. Drugs that dilate the bronchi (Broncholytics)

Berodual, active ingredient: fenoterol and ipratropium bromide (solution for inhalation) - Prevention and treatment of suffocation in chronic obstructive airway diseases. The most effective of bronchodilator drugs, has the least side effects.

- Adults and children over 12 years old - 2 ml (40 drops) of the drug for 1 inhalation, up to 4 times a day

- Children from 6 to 12 years old - 1 ml (20 drops) of the drug for 1 inhalation, up to 4 times a day

- Children under 6 years old - 0.5 ml (10 drops) of the drug for 1 inhalation, up to 3 times a day

To prepare an inhalation solution, add 3 ml of saline to the recommended dose of the drug.

Berotek, active ingredient: fenoterol (0.1% solution for inhalation) -

To stop an attack of bronchial asthma:

- Adults and children over 12 years old - 0.5 ml (0.5 mg - 10 drops), in severe cases - 1 ml (1 mg - 20 drops)

- Children 6-12 years old (body weight 22-36 kg) - 0.25-0.5 ml (0.25-0.5 mg - 5-10 drops), in severe cases - 1 ml (1 mg - 20 drops)

Prevention and symptomatic treatment of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease:

- Adults and children over 6 years old - 0.5 ml (0.5 mg - 10 drops) for 1 inhalation, up to 4 times a day

- Children under 6 years old (body weight less than 22 kg) - 0.25-1 ml (0.25-1 mg - 5-20 drops), up to 3 times a day

Salgim, Ventolin Nebula , active ingredient: salbutamol (0.1% solution for inhalation) - Relief of asthma attacks, prevention and symptomatic treatment of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. In terms of effect, it is significantly inferior to Berotek

- Adults and children - 2.5 ml (2.5 mg) per 1 inhalation, up to 4 times a day with an interval between inhalations of at least 6 hours

Designed to be used undiluted

Atrovent, active ingredient: ipratropium bromide (0.025% solution for inhalation) - Relief of asthma attacks, prevention and symptomatic treatment of bronchial asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease. The effect is somewhat inferior to Berotek and salbutamol preparations, but the main advantage is the safety of use

- Adults and children over 12 years old - 0.5 mg (40 drops) for 1 inhalation, 3-4 times a day

- Children 6-12 years old - 0.25 mg (20 drops) for 1 inhalation, 3-4 times a day

- Children under 6 years old - 0.1-0.25 mg (8-20 drops) per 1 inhalation, 3-4 times a day (under medical supervision).

2. Drugs that thin sputum (Mucolitics) and remove sputum (Secretolytics, expectorants)

Fluimucil, ACC Inject , active ingredient: acetylcysteine ​​(10% solution for injection) - Violation of sputum discharge from the lower respiratory tract, facilitating the discharge of mucous secretions in the upper respiratory tract

- Adults and children over 12 years old - 3 ml of the drug for 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

- Children from 6 to 12 years old - 2 ml of the drug for 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

- Children from 2 to 6 years old - 1-2 ml of the drug for 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

The course of treatment - no more than 10 days

Acetylcysteine ​​preparations should not be used simultaneously with antibiotics, because. they reduce the absorption of antibiotics. In cases where simultaneous administration of acetylcysteine ​​and an antibiotic is required, either another form of the drug is used: Fluimucil Antibiotic, or other mucolytic drugs compatible with antibiotics (for example, based on Ambroxol) are used. It should be noted that the use of acetylcysteine ​​preparations reduces the toxic effect of paracetamol on the liver.

Lazolvan, Abmrobene, active ingredient: ambroxol (solution for inhalation and oral administration) - Acute and chronic respiratory diseases with the release of viscous sputum

- Adults and children over 6 years old - 2-3 ml of solution for 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

- Children from 2 to 6 years old - 2 ml of solution for 1 inhalation 1-2 times a day

- Children under 2 years old - 1 ml of solution for 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

To prepare an inhalation solution, the recommended dose of the drug should be diluted with saline in a ratio of 1: 1

The course of treatment - no more than 5 days

Ambroxol-based preparations should not be used simultaneously with antitussive drugs (for example: codeine, libexin, falimint, broncholithin, pectusin, synecode, etc.). The use of ambroxol preparations promotes good absorption of antibiotics.

Narzan, Borjomi (slightly alkaline mineral waters) – Moisturizing the respiratory mucosa

- For 1 inhalation use 3-4 ml of mineral water, 2-4 times a day.

Before inhalation, mineral water should be left to degass.

Sinupret, homeopathic phytopreparation (drops based on plant extracts: gentian root (gentian), sorrel, primrose, elderberry, verbena) - Restores protective properties and reduces swelling of the mucous membrane of the respiratory tract in acute and chronic sinusitis. Promotes the outflow of exudate from the paranasal sinuses

- For adults and children over 16 years old - in a ratio of 1: 1 (per 1 ml of the drug 1 ml of saline)

- For children from 2 to 6 years old - in a ratio of 1: 3 (for 1 ml of the drug 3 ml of saline)

Gedelix, phytopreparation (drops based on ivy extract) - Diseases of the upper respiratory tract and bronchi with sputum difficult to separate, cough (including dry)

To prepare an inhalation solution, the drug must first be diluted in saline:

- For adults and children over 10 years old - in a ratio of 1: 1 (per 1 ml of the drug 1 ml of saline)

- For children under 10 years old - in a ratio of 1: 2 (for 1 ml of the drug 2 ml of saline)

For 1 inhalation, 3-4 ml of the resulting solution is used, 3 times a day.

cough medicine , phytopreparation (powder (for children and adults) for preparing a solution based on plant extracts: anise, licorice root, marshmallow root, thermopsis) - Respiratory tract diseases accompanied by cough, especially with difficult sputum discharge

To prepare an inhalation solution, the contents of 1 package should be dissolved in 15 ml of saline until completely dissolved without sediment.

For 1 inhalation, 3-4 ml of the resulting solution is used, 3 times a day.

Mukaltin, phytopreparation (tablets based on marshmallow root extract) - Expectorant for diseases of the respiratory tract and lungs

To prepare an inhalation solution, dissolve 1 tablet in 80 ml of saline until completely dissolved without sediment

For 1 inhalation, 3-4 ml of the resulting solution is used, 3 times a day.

Pertusin, phytopreparation (solution based on plant extract: thyme, thyme) - Expectorant for tracheitis, bronchitis, whooping cough

To prepare an inhalation solution, the drug must first be diluted in saline:

- For adults and children over 12 years old - in a ratio of 1: 1 (per 1 ml of the drug 1 ml of saline)

- For children under 12 years old - in a ratio of 1: 2 (for 1 ml of the drug 2 ml of saline)

For 1 inhalation, 3-4 ml of the resulting solution is used, 3 times a day.

3. Anti-inflammatory drugs

Rotokan, phytopreparation (alcoholic infusion of plant extracts: calendula, chamomile, yarrow) - Acute inflammatory diseases of the upper and middle respiratory tract

For 1 inhalation, 4 ml of the resulting solution is used, 3 times a day.

Propolis, phytopreparation (tincture) - Inflammatory processes, pain and injuries of the upper and middle respiratory tract

A solution for inhalation is prepared by diluting the drug in saline in a ratio of 1:20 (1 ml of the drug per 20 ml of saline)

Contraindications - Allergy to bee products

Eucalyptus, phytopreparation (alcohol tincture) - Inflammatory diseases of the upper and middle respiratory tract

A solution for inhalation is prepared by diluting 10-15 drops of the drug in 200 ml of saline

For 1 inhalation, 3 ml of the resulting solution is used, 3-4 times a day

Contraindications - bronchial asthma, bronchospasm (suffocation)

Malavit, dietary supplement (alcohol tincture based on mineral substances and plant extracts) - Acute inflammatory diseases and pain of the upper and middle respiratory tract

A solution for inhalation is prepared by diluting the drug in saline in a ratio of 1:30 (1 ml of the drug per 30 ml of saline)

For 1 inhalation, 3-4 ml of the resulting solution is used, 3 times a day.

Tonsilgon N, homeopathic phytopreparation (drops based on plant extracts: marshmallow root, walnut leaves, horsetail, chamomile, yarrow, oak bark, dandelion) - Acute and chronic diseases of the upper respiratory tract (tonsillitis, pharyngitis, laryngitis)

To prepare an inhalation solution, the drug must first be diluted in saline:

- For adults and children over 7 years old - in a ratio of 1: 1 (per 1 ml of the drug 1 ml of saline)

- For children from 1 to 7 years old - in a ratio of 1: 2 (for 1 ml of the drug 2 ml of saline)

- For children under 1 year old - in a ratio of 1: 3 (for 1 ml of the drug 3 ml of saline)

For 1 inhalation, 3-4 ml of the resulting solution is used, 3 times a day.

Calendula, phytopreparation (alcohol extract of calendula extract) - Acute inflammatory diseases of the upper respiratory tract

A solution for inhalation is prepared by diluting the drug in saline in a ratio of 1:40 (1 ml of the drug per 40 ml of saline)

For 1 inhalation use 4 ml of the resulting solution, 3 times a day

4. Anti-inflammatory hormonal drugs (Glucocorticosteroids) and antiallergic drugs (Antihistamines)

Pulmicort, active ingredient: budesonide (suspension for inhalation, available in "children's" (0.25 mg / ml) and "adult" (0.5 mg / ml) dosages) - Acute inflammatory diseases of the lower respiratory tract (bronchial asthma, chronic illness lung) requiring treatment with hormonal drugs. It has anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic action.

Adults/elderly and children over 12 years old - 1 mg per 1 inhalation, 1-3 times a day

- Children from 6 months. and up to 12 years - 0.25 mg per 1 inhalation, 1-3 times a day

This drug is not used in ultrasonic nebulizers. If a single dose of the drug is less than 2 ml, then saline should be added to increase the volume of the inhaled solution to 2 ml. In other cases, the drug is inhaled in its pure form (without dilution in saline).

Daily dose of the drug:

0.25 mg / ml - 1 ml at 0.25 mg / ml

0.5 mg / ml - 2 ml at 0.25 mg / ml

0.75 mg / ml - 3 ml at 0.25 mg / ml

1 mg/ml - 4 ml at 0.25 ml/mg or 2 ml at 0.5 mg/ml

1.5 mg / ml - 3 ml at 0.5 mg / ml

2 mg / ml - 4 ml at 0.5 mg / ml

Dexamethasone, (0.4% injection, 4 mg/ml) - Acute inflammatory diseases of the respiratory tract requiring treatment with hormonal drugs

For 1 inhalation, 0.5 ml (2 mg) of the drug is used, up to 4 times a day.

The course of treatment is not more than 7 days

To prepare an inhalation solution, 3 ml of saline should be added to the recommended dose of the drug.

You can also dilute the ampoules with the drug in saline in a ratio of 1:6 (6 ml of saline per 1 ml of the drug) and inhale 3-4 ml of the resulting solution for 1 inhalation.

Kromoheksal, active ingredient: cromoglycic acid (solution for inhalation, 20 mg / 2 ml) - It has anti-allergic, anti-inflammatory, anti-asthmatic effects.

For adults and children over 2 years of age, inhale the contents of 1 vial (without dilution with saline) 4 times a day, if possible, at equal time intervals.

5. Antimicrobial and antibacterial drugs (Antibiotics and Antiseptics)

Fluimucil antibiotic, active substance: acetylcysteine ​​and thiamphenicol (powder for injection and inhalation, complete with a solvent) - The need for simultaneous administration of an antibiotic and a drug that thins and removes sputum and mucus from the lower and upper respiratory tract

To prepare the drug, add 5 ml of the solvent (1 ampoule) to the vial with the powder. The resulting drug should be stored in the refrigerator for no more than a day, warm to room temperature before use.

- Adults and children over 12 years old - ½ bottle (250 mg) for 1 inhalation 1-2 times a day

- Children under 12 years old - ¼ bottle (125 mg) for 1 inhalation 1-2 times a day

To prepare an inhalation solution, add 2 ml of saline to the recommended dose of the drug.

Furacilin, active ingredient: nitrofural (0.024% aqueous solution, 1:5000) - Has disinfectant properties. Treatment of SARS, prevention of infection penetration into the deeper parts of the bronchial tree

For inhalation, a ready-made solution of furacilin is used (in pure form, without dilution in saline), 4 ml per 1 inhalation 2 times a day. This solution must be ordered in the production department of the pharmacy

You can prepare the solution yourself by dissolving 1 tablet of furacilin in 100 ml of saline until completely dissolved without sediment. Inhalate 4 ml of the resulting solution 2 times a day.

Dioxidine, (0.5% or 1% solution for injection) - Has disinfectant properties of a wide spectrum of action.

To prepare an inhalation solution, the drug should be diluted with saline in a ratio of 1:4 for a 1% drug or in a ratio of 1:2 for a 0.5% drug.

For 1 inhalation use 3-4 ml of the resulting solution, 2 times a day.

Chlorophyllipt , phytopreparation (1% alcohol infusion based on chlorophyll of eucalyptus leaves) - Staphylococcal infection of the respiratory tract

A solution for inhalation is prepared by diluting the drug in saline in a ratio of 1:10 (1 ml of the drug per 10 ml of saline)

For 1 inhalation, 3 ml of the resulting solution is used, 3 times a day.

The drug is very strongly stained and does not wash off!

Gentamicin, (4% gentamicin sulfate injection, 40 mg/ml) – Respiratory tract infections

- Adults and children over 12 years old - 0.5 ml (20 mg) of the drug for 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

- Children from 2 to 12 years old - 0.25 ml (10 mg) of the drug for 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

To prepare an inhalation solution, 3 ml of saline should be added to the recommended dose of the drug. You can also dilute the ampoules with the drug in saline:

For adults and children over 12 years old - in a ratio of 1:6 (per 1 ml of the drug 6 ml of saline) and inhale 3-4 ml of the resulting solution for 1 inhalation.

For children from 2 to 12 years old - in a ratio of 1:12 (per 1 ml of the drug 12 ml of saline) and inhale 3 ml of the resulting solution per 1 inhalation.

Miramistin, (0.01% solution) - Broad-spectrum antiseptic. Treatment of respiratory tract infections, including those accompanied by purulent discharge

Adults and children over 12 years old for inhalation use a ready-made 0.01% solution of Miramistin (in pure form, without dilution in saline), 4 ml per 1 inhalation 3 times a day.

For children under 12 years of age, to prepare an inhalation solution, the drug should be diluted with saline in a ratio of 1: 2 (2 ml of saline per 1 ml of the drug) and inhaled 3-4 ml per 1 inhalation 3 times a day.

Dekasan for inhalation

Dekasan- active against most gram-negative, gram-positive microorganisms - the causative agent of diphtheria, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, streptococci, staphylococci.

Children over 12 years of age and adultsfor inhalation with a nebulizer,Decasan can not be diluted with saline, and use a solution of 0.2 mg / ml, 5-10ml per inhalation 1-2 times a day.

For inhalation, decasan is used diluted for children. For children under 12 years of age, Dekasan is diluted with saline in a ratio of 1:1. For one inhalation, you need to buy Dekasan 0.2 mg / ml. and with each inhalation, mix 2 ml of decasan and 2 ml. saline. Carry out inhalations 1-2 times a day.

6. Immunomodulators

Interferon, (powder for the preparation of nasal drops) - Prevention and treatment of influenza, as well as other acute respiratory viral infections.

To prepare the drug, open the ampoule with the powder, pour boiled or distilled water at room temperature into it up to the 2 ml mark, shake gently.

For 1 inhalation, 2 ml of the resulting solution is used, 2 times a day.

To prepare an inhalation solution, 1 ml of saline should be added to the recommended dose of the drug.

Derinat, active ingredient: sodium disoribonucleate (0.25% solution for external use) - Prevention and treatment of influenza, SARS and other viral infections of the upper respiratory tract and their complications

For 1 inhalation, 2 ml of the drug is used, 2 times a day.

To prepare an inhalation solution, 2 ml of saline should be added to the recommended dose of the drug.

7. Vasoconstrictor (decongestant) drugs

Adrenalin(Epinephrine), active ingredient: epinephrine (0.1% adrenaline hydrochloride solution for external use or injection) - Bronchospasm (suffocation), allergic laryngeal edema, laryngeal edema with laryngitis, laryngotracheitis and croup

- Adults and children over 2 years old - 0.5 ml of the drug once, if necessary, repeat the procedure

- Children under 2 years old - 0.25 ml of the drug once, if necessary, repeat the procedure

To prepare an inhalation solution, add 3 ml of saline to the recommended dose of the drug.

You can also pre-dilute the drug in saline:

For adults and children over 2 years old - in a ratio of 1:6 (per 1 ml of the drug 6 ml of saline) and inhale 3 ml of the resulting solution for 1 inhalation.

For children under 2 years old - in a ratio of 1:12 (per 1 ml of the drug 12 ml of saline) and inhale 3 ml of the resulting solution per 1 inhalation.

Use with caution, increases heart rate! Do not use without consulting a doctor!

Naphthyzin, active ingredient: naphazoline (nasal drops, 0.05% and 0.1% solution) - Allergic stenosis (edema) of the larynx, stenosis (edema) of the larynx with laryngitis, laryngotracheitis and croup

To prepare an inhalation solution, a 0.05% drug should be diluted with saline in a ratio of 1:5 (per 1 ml of the drug 5 ml of saline) or a 0.1% drug should be diluted in a ratio of 1:10 (per 1 ml of the drug 10 ml saline).

To relieve edema, 3 ml of the resulting solution is inhaled once, if necessary, the procedure is repeated.

8. Antitussives

Lidocaine, (2% lidocaine hydrochloride solution) - Obsessive dry cough. Local anesthetic action

- Adults and children over 12 years old - 2 ml of the drug for 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

- Children from 2 to 12 years old - 1 ml of the drug for 1 inhalation, 1-2 times a day

To prepare an inhalation solution, add 2 ml of saline to the recommended dose of the drug.

Use with caution, there are very serious contraindications! Do not use without consulting a doctor!

Tussamag, phytopreparation (drops based on thyme extract) - Diseases of the upper respiratory tract, accompanied by an unproductive cough

To prepare an inhalation solution, the drug must first be diluted in saline:

- For adults and children over 17 years old - in a ratio of 1: 1 (per 1 ml of the drug 1 ml of saline)

- For children from 6 to 16 years old - in a ratio of 1: 2 (for 1 ml of the drug 2 ml of saline)

- For children from 1 to 5 years old - in a ratio of 1: 3 (for 1 ml of the drug 3 ml of saline)

For 1 inhalation, 3-4 ml of the resulting solution is used, 3 times a day.

Rules for inhalation

1. Inhalations should be taken no earlier than 1-1.5 hours after eating, and you should not be distracted by conversation. After inhalation for 1 hour, it is not recommended to talk, eat, go outside (in cool weather).

2. In diseases of the upper respiratory tract (nose, paranasal sinuses and nasopharynx), inhalation and exhalation must be done through the nose using a mask. Breathe calmly, without tension.

3. In case of diseases of the middle respiratory tract (throat, larynx), inhalation and exhalation should be done through the mouth using a mask. Breathe normally

4. In case of diseases of the trachea, bronchi, lungs, it is recommended to inhale the aerosol through the mouth using a mouthpiece. Breathe deeply and evenly.

5. Most solutions for inhalation are prepared on the basis of saline 0.9% sodium chloride (NaCl) as a solvent and humectant. The parent drug is diluted with saline in certain proportions.

6. Store the prepared solution in the refrigerator for no more than a day. Be sure to warm to room temperature before use.

7. When prescribing several drugs at the same time, the sequence should be observed. First, a bronchodilator is inhaled, after 15-20 minutes - a means of thinning and removing sputum, then, after sputum is discharged, an antibiotic or anti-inflammatory agent

8. The course of treatment depends on the complexity of the disease and the drug used (from 5 to 10 days)

9. Although nebulizer therapy does not apply to thermal physiotherapy procedures, nevertheless, it is not recommended to carry out inhalations at elevated body temperature

10. It is forbidden to use oil preparations in nebulizers. Various oils are used to treat diseases only of the upper respiratory tract, for which exposure to coarse particles is sufficient, therefore, steam inhalers are used for inhalation with oils. The nebulizer produces fine particles. When using oil solutions, fine particles of oil enter the lungs, and this significantly increases the risk of developing the so-called oil pneumonia. Also, the use of essential oils in nebulizers increases the risk of allergies due to the high concentration of active substances in the lungs.

11. In most nebulizers, the use of self-prepared decoctions and herbal infusions is not allowed, since they have a suspension that is much larger than aerosol particles and the nebulizer cannot miss them, which in turn can lead to device failure. For the same reason, suspensions and syrups are not used in nebulizers (with the exception of special suspensions for inhalation). Although there are nebulizers that are able to work with decoctions of herbs.

12. Such drugs as Eufillin, Papaverine, Diphenhydramine and the like, also cannot be used in nebulizers, since they do not have "application points" on the mucous membrane.

Disinfection of the nebulizer chamber and masks.

1. Lisetol AF (Schalke and Mayer, Germany) 4% - 30 min

2. Septodor Forte (Dorvet LTD, Israel) 0.4% - 10 min

Cough inhalations are the most effective method of treatment, but many of us, for various reasons, are too lazy to carry them out. Someone does not want to visit a physiotherapy room in a clinic, and someone does not want to bother with carrying out these procedures at home, believing that taking medications inside will be enough. And absolutely in vain! Cough inhalations and local effects of the drug on the respiratory tract are recognized by modern medicine as the most effective and safe treatment.

With the advent of nebulizers on sale, this situation may change dramatically. By purchasing this device for home use, you can easily perform inhalations with maximum benefit and with minimal effort and time. In our article, we will introduce you to the intricacies of performing these procedures and talk about their benefits.

Benefits of using a cough nebulizer

To treat a cough with a nebulizer, oral inhalation is necessary. They can be performed at any stage of the disease, and the composition of the drug solution is determined by the symptoms that bother the patient.

Oral inhalation with a nebulizer for coughing is much more effective than internal use of drugs for a number of reasons:

• the drug is sprayed by the device to the smallest particles of liquid and is able to penetrate into the most remote parts of the respiratory system, evenly distributed over the mucous membrane;
• the likelihood of developing adverse reactions from the procedure and drugs is minimal;
• this method of treatment is easier to tolerate psychologically (especially by children);
• for inhalation, a smaller amount of the drug is used;
• when performing the procedure, the drug has a minimal systemic effect on the body;
• inhalations help to moisten the mucous membrane, relieve discomfort when coughing and sputum removal.

In some cases, inhalations with a nebulizer become indispensable, because in some diseases, other inhalations are either contraindicated or ineffective. Traditional inhalations cannot be performed with a decrease in lung capacity, the impossibility of holding the breath for more than 4 seconds, a weak air flow when inhaling. Also, the nebulizer becomes an indispensable device for patients with diseases that are accompanied by damage to the alveoli of the lungs. In such cases, only this method of inhalation is able to deliver the drug to these most remote parts of the respiratory system.

What should be remembered when choosing a nebulizer for inhalation when coughing?

When choosing a nebulizer for oral inhalation when coughing, one should not forget about some points:

• nebulizers cannot be used to perform inhalations with oily solutions or herbal decoctions;
• ultrasonic models cannot be used for spraying hormonal or antibacterial drugs;
• if it is necessary to carry out inhalations to a lying patient or a small child (for example, during sleep), it is better to opt for an electronic mesh nebulizer.

How to prepare for oral inhalation?

1. All actions must be performed only with clean hands.
2. Assemble the nebulizer as described in the instructions.
3. Connect the device to the mains or insert batteries into the portable model.
4. Make sure the reservoir is sealed by filling it with water.
5. If it is necessary to use a face mask (for diseases of the pharynx or larynx), prepare it and a small towel.
6. Prepare the medicinal solution prescribed by the doctor by heating it to room temperature in a water bath. With the simultaneous appointment of drugs with different effects, the following sequence should be observed: first, a bronchodilator (bronchodilator) is inhaled, after 15-20 minutes - a drug for thinning and removing sputum, after removing sputum - an anti-inflammatory or antibacterial drug.
7. Pour the dose of the drug into a container and add sterile water for injection or saline (use only a sterile syringe to set them) up to the reservoir mark (approximately up to a volume of 2-5 ml, depending on the model of the device). Remember that you can not use tap or boiled water to dilute the drug!
8. The procedure should be carried out 1.5 hours after eating or physical activity.
9. Before the procedure, you can not rinse your mouth with antiseptics or take expectorants.
10. Do not smoke during treatment or do not smoke at least one hour before inhalation.
11. Wear loose clothing that does not restrict breathing.

Cough inhalation with a nebulizer

1. Oral inhalation is best done in a sitting position. During the procedure, you can not be distracted and talk.
2. With inflammation of the throat or larynx, air is inhaled and exhaled through the mouth through the mask. In diseases of the trachea, bronchi, or air is inhaled and exhaled through the mouth using a special mouthpiece.
3. When performing inhalation, the air should be drawn in (inhaled) slowly. After inhalation, the breath must be held for 1-2 seconds and exhaled slowly. Seriously ill patients may not hold their breath.
4. After completing the procedure, if necessary, blot your face with a towel, stay indoors and try to talk less.
5. After inhalation of the hormonal drug, it is recommended to rinse your mouth with warm water, and when using the mask, wash your face.
6. The duration of the procedure is about 7-15 minutes (determined by the doctor).

The number of oral inhalations with a nebulizer for coughing and the duration of treatment is determined by the doctor individually for each patient.

After the procedure, all components of the home appliance are washed with a non-aggressive detergent, rinsed thoroughly and air-dried. For disinfection of nebulizers used in hospitals, various disinfectants, boiling or autoclaving can be used.

Preparations for oral inhalation with a nebulizer

For inhalation with a nebulizer for coughing, various drugs can be used. They are prescribed by a doctor depending on the characteristics of the cough.

Bronchodilators (bronchodilators):

• Berodual;
• Berotek;
• Ventolin, Salgim, Salbutamol, Nebula;
• Atrovent.

Anti-inflammatory drugs:

• alcohol pharmacy tincture of eucalyptus;
• Rotokan (alcohol tincture of chamomile, calendula and yarrow);
• Malavit;
• alcohol pharmacy tincture of calendula;
• alcohol pharmacy tincture of propolis;
• Tonzilong N.

Antibacterial and antimicrobial drugs:

• alcohol tincture of Chlorophyllipt;
• Fluimicil;
• Dioxidine;
• Miramistin;
• Furacilin.

Preparations for thinning and removing sputum (mucolytics, expectorants, secretolytics):

• ACC Inject;
• Ambroxol, Ambrobene, Lazolvan;
• Mukaltin;
• Pertussin;
• mineral waters Narzan or Borjomi.

Hormonal anti-inflammatory and antiallergic drugs:

• Dexamethasone (0.4% solution);
• Pulmicort;
• Kromoheksal.

Antitussives:

• Tussamag;
• Lidocaine hydrochloride (2% solution).

Vasoconstrictor drugs:

• Naphthyzin;
• Adrenaline (0.1% solution).

For oral inhalation, drugs such as Diphenhydramine, Eufillin and Papaverine should not be used.

Solutions prepared for inhalation with a nebulizer should be stored in the refrigerator for no more than a day.

Most pulmonologists and therapists recommend that patients who often suffer diseases accompanied by a cough purchase nebulizers and perform oral inhalations. Using our instructions, you can also be sure of their benefits. Difficulty breathing, weakness, pain in the chest and throat due to a hysterical cough, prolonged absence of expectoration of sputum, bouts of bronchospasm - a nebulizer will help get rid of these severe symptoms in the shortest possible time. This device will certainly become your indispensable assistant for treatment at home!

An effective and safe way to cope with the symptoms of colds, flu and SARS is nebulizer therapy. This is the name of treatment with the help of special devices, inhalers and nebulizers. An inhaler for children with cough and runny nose delivers the medicine immediately to the focus of inflammation. Inhalations are also indicated for bronchitis, asthma, laryngitis and other problems associated with the health of the respiratory tract.

Types of inhalers for children

Doctors distinguish three main types of devices: steam, ultrasonic and compressor. All of them operate on the same principle: they convert the drug into vapor or aerosol for deep penetration of the drug into the respiratory tract. The use of inhalers for children for coughs and runny nose helps to carry out procedures with a minimum amount of medication. Before you decide which inhaler is better, you need to find out how they differ.

Steam

A steam inhaler is suitable for the treatment of the upper respiratory tract. This is an improved modification of the well-known folk method "breathe over potatoes." The operation of the device is based on the inhalation of hot steam. He works with volatile substances that have a boiling point of less than 100 degrees - these are essential oils and herbal decoctions. The solution is heated to 45 degrees, converted into steam and fed through the mask into the nose and mouth.

Disadvantages of a steam inhaler in the treatment of children:

• It is difficult for a child to inhale a hot stream of air.
• During heating, some of the active nutrients are destroyed.
• The concentration of the drug in the inhaled cloud is lower than necessary for treatment.
• The list of solutions that are allowed to fill the device is small.

A steam inhaler is the cheapest, the cost of simple devices is from $10, the average price range is $35-40. Famous steam inhalers for children: "Cow" (the name was translated as "Burenka"), "Puppy" ("Dog"), "Chamomile". The pharmacy may offer a device called "Chudopar", it is not for children, but it is used for all family members, including children.

Compressor

This type of device creates a powerful air stream and delivers it through a small hole in the drug solution chamber. An aerosol cloud is formed, which is inhaled by the patient through the mask. The advantage of this device is that it can spray almost all types of drugs prescribed for inhalation. Minus - the device is very noisy and some kids perceive it with caution, they hardly get used to it. The device has an electric compressor and a nebulizer that sprays liquid.

To reduce the anxiety of children when they meet the device, manufacturers make compressor-type inhalers attractive. A merry train or a baby whale is mistaken for a toy. Among such devices, Omron inhalers stand out. They are of high quality, often the epithet “the best inhalers” is applied to them. Omron compact inhalers start at $60. A well-known compressor inhaler is the Delphin (Delphinus). It allows you to control the size of the aerosol particles. Such a device costs from 80 dollars.

Ultrasonic

Ultrasonic inhalers are similar to compressors in the way they deliver aerosol into the respiratory tract, but compared to them, they are almost silent. With the help of ultrasonic vibrations, the device sprays the drug into the smallest particles, up to 5 microns. Ultrasonic inhalers for children from cough and runny nose are an effective method of treatment. The child can breathe through both the mouth and the nose. When choosing an ultrasonic inhaler, attention should be paid to such a characteristic as dispersion, that is, the particle size of the sprayed drug.

Particles of a substance with a diameter of only 5-10 microns can penetrate the bronchi. And if the instruction says that the device generates larger particles, it is better to refuse the purchase. A device whose characteristics indicate a large dispersion of aerosol particles may turn out to be of poor quality, especially inexpensive. The cost of an ultrasonic inhaler starts at $45. Famous manufacturers: Omron, AND, Beurer. How to choose an inhaler, tell the pharmacist at the pharmacy.

Which is better: inhaler or nebulizer

Any device for inhalation is sometimes called either a nebulizer or an inhaler. The word nebulizer comes from "nebula", which means "cloud, fog". This name means that the liquid medicine is translated into an aerosol cloud. And “Inhalo” in Latin means “I breathe in”. Nebulizers are a narrower type of inhalers. Steam does not apply to them, because it does not make it possible to vary the particle size. The best nebulizers allow you to change the mode of aerosol delivery.

What to choose for a child from a cough

When coughing, it is allowed to use both a steam inhaler and a nebulizer. A steam inhaler will help when a child has a dry cough, with diseases of the upper respiratory tract. Steam inhalations, done correctly, contribute to thinning and easier sputum discharge. This method is not suitable for small children. An ultrasonic or compressor nebulizer is safe to use even if the baby is breastfeeding. They are indispensable in the treatment of the lower respiratory tract, and if the child is tormented by a wet cough.

How to use an inhaler at home

The use of the device implies the implementation of several rules. Carry out the procedure an hour and a half after eating. Repeat two to three times a day. Before the procedure, you need to clear the nose well to clear the airways and facilitate the access of the aerosol to the destination. Do not use the inhaler if there are contraindications:

• fever, more than 37.5 degrees;
• the nose bleeds, and there is a tendency to bleed in general;
• an allergy to an inhalation medicine for which a prescription has been issued has been discovered;
• there are serious diseases of the cardiovascular system.

What medicine to pour

The drug to be used is prescribed by the doctor. The usual dosage for children is 2 ml of solution. In addition to medicine, children need. They are diluted in a 1:1 ratio. With a dry, barking cough, it is necessary to use ambrobene, lazolvan and ambrohexal, the active substance in them is ambroxol. Berodual is used to expand the bronchi. Its dosage is determined by the age of the child, a one-year-old is supposed to mix 6 drops of the drug with 2 ml of saline. Children from three years old fill 8 drops.

Naphthyzine helps with laryngitis, stenosis, pharyngitis, rhinitis and false croup. Procedures with him are also carried out on saline, in a ratio of 1: 1. A proven remedy for alleviating the course of a cold is inhalation with mineral water for children. The gas must be released from it. The recommended mineral water is Borjomi. Pour 3-5 ml of liquid into the nebulizer for children.

Chamomile, an herbal decoction, is often used for steam inhalation. It helps with a runny nose, such procedures are also useful for tonsillitis, flu, tracheitis and bronchitis. Other herbs that help treat colds include thyme, coltsfoot, and sage. Steam inhalations with essential oils of menthol, eucalyptus, geranium and juniper are effective. 3-5 drops of oil are placed in saline. For small children, such inhalations are prohibited. Oil cannot be poured into the ultrasonic nebulizer.

How much to breathe

Inhalations when coughing in children can last 1-3 minutes. If a steam inhaler is used, it is important to ensure that the steam does not come into contact with the skin of the face. You need to breathe carefully during steam inhalation, a sharp breath can lead to a burn of the respiratory tract, so pediatricians prohibit this procedure for babies. After inhaling the medicinal cloud, it is recommended to hold your breath for one to two seconds to relieve coughing, then exhale.