Pure oxygen for breathing. Do I need to increase oxygen in the cells. Myths about oxygen

In our body, oxygen is responsible for the process of energy production. In our cells, only thanks to oxygen, oxygenation occurs - the conversion of nutrients (fats and lipids) into cell energy. With a decrease in the partial pressure (content) of oxygen in the inhaled level - its level in the blood decreases - the activity of the organism at the cellular level decreases. It is known that more than 20% of oxygen is consumed by the brain. Oxygen deficiency contributes Accordingly, when the level of oxygen falls, well-being, performance, general tone, and immunity suffer.
It is also important to know that it is oxygen that can remove toxins from the body.
Please note that in all foreign films, in case of an accident or a person in serious condition, first of all, emergency services doctors put on an oxygen apparatus to the victim in order to increase the body's resistance and increase its chances of survival.
The therapeutic effect of oxygen has been known and used in medicine since the end of the 18th century. In the USSR, the active use of oxygen for preventive purposes began in the 60s of the last century.

hypoxia

Hypoxia or oxygen starvation is a reduced oxygen content in the body or individual organs and tissues. Hypoxia occurs when there is a lack of oxygen in the inhaled air and in the blood, in violation of the biochemical processes of tissue respiration. Due to hypoxia, irreversible changes develop in vital organs. The most sensitive to oxygen deficiency are the central nervous system, heart muscle, kidney tissue, and liver.
The manifestations of hypoxia are respiratory failure, shortness of breath; violation of the functions of organs and systems.

The harm of oxygen

Sometimes you can hear that "Oxygen is an oxidizing agent that accelerates the aging of the body."
Here the wrong conclusion is drawn from the right premise. Yes, oxygen is an oxidizing agent. Only thanks to him, the nutrients from food are processed into energy in the body.
The fear of oxygen is associated with two of its exceptional properties: free radicals and poisoning with excess pressure.

1. What are free radicals?
Some of the huge number of constantly flowing oxidative (energy-producing) and reduction reactions of the body are not completed to the end, and then substances are formed with unstable molecules that have unpaired electrons on the outer electronic levels, called "free radicals". They seek to capture the missing electron from any other molecule. This molecule becomes a free radical and steals an electron from the next one, and so on.
Why is this needed? A certain amount of free radicals, or oxidants, is vital for the body. First of all - to combat harmful microorganisms. Free radicals are used by the immune system as "projectiles" against "invaders". Normally, in the human body, 5% of the substances formed during chemical reactions become free radicals.
The main reasons for the violation of the natural biochemical balance and the increase in the number of free radicals, scientists call emotional stress, heavy physical exertion, injuries and exhaustion against the background of air pollution, eating canned and technologically incorrectly processed foods, vegetables and fruits grown with the help of herbicides and pesticides, ultraviolet and radiation exposure.

Thus, aging is a biological process of slowing down cell division, and free radicals mistakenly associated with aging are natural and necessary defense mechanisms for the body, and their harmful effects are associated with a violation of natural processes in the body by negative environmental factors and stress.

2. "Oxygen is easy to poison."
Indeed, excess oxygen is dangerous. Excess oxygen causes an increase in the amount of oxidized hemoglobin in the blood and a decrease in the amount of reduced hemoglobin. And, since it is the reduced hemoglobin that removes carbon dioxide, its retention in the tissues leads to hypercapnia - CO2 poisoning.
With an excess of oxygen, the number of free radical metabolites grows, those very terrible “free radicals” that are highly active, acting as oxidizing agents that can damage the biological membranes of cells.

Terrible, right? I immediately want to stop breathing. Fortunately, in order to be poisoned by oxygen, an increased oxygen pressure is necessary, as, for example, in a pressure chamber (during oxygen barotherapy) or when diving with special breathing mixtures. In ordinary life, such situations do not occur.

3. “There is little oxygen in the mountains, but there are many centenarians! Those. oxygen is bad."
Indeed, in the Soviet Union in the mountainous regions of the Caucasus and in Transcaucasia, a certain number of long-livers were registered. If you look at the list of verified (i.e. confirmed) centenarians of the world throughout its history, the picture will not be so obvious: the oldest centenarians registered in France, the USA and Japan did not live in the mountains ..

In Japan, where the oldest woman on the planet, Misao Okawa, who is over 116 years old, still lives and lives, there is also the “island of centenarians” Okinawa. The average life expectancy here for men is 88 years, for women - 92; this is higher than in the rest of Japan by 10-15 years. The island has collected data on more than seven hundred local centenarians over a hundred years old. They say that: "Unlike the Caucasian highlanders, the Hunzakuts of Northern Pakistan and other peoples who boast of their longevity, all Okinawan births since 1879 are documented in the Japanese family register - koseki." The Okinhua people themselves believe that the secret to their longevity rests on four pillars: diet, active lifestyle, self-sufficiency and spirituality. Locals never overeat, adhering to the principle of "hari hachi bu" - eight tenths full. These "eight tenths" of them consist of pork, seaweed and tofu, vegetables, daikon and local bitter cucumber. The oldest Okinawans do not sit idle: they actively work on the land, and their recreation is also active: most of all they love to play a local variety of croquet.: Okinawa is called the happiest island - there is no hurry and stress inherent in the large islands of Japan. The locals are committed to the philosophy of yuimaru - "kind-hearted and friendly collaborative effort".
Interestingly, as soon as the Okinawans move to other parts of the country, there are no long-livers among such people. Thus, scientists studying this phenomenon found that the genetic factor does not play a role in the longevity of the islanders. And we, for our part, consider it extremely important that the Okinawa Islands are located in an actively windswept zone in the ocean, and the level of oxygen content in such zones is recorded as the highest - 21.9 - 22% oxygen.

Therefore, the task of the OxyHaus system is not so much to INCREASE the level of oxygen in the room, but to RESTORE its natural balance.
In the tissues of the body saturated with a natural level of oxygen, the metabolic process is accelerated, the body is “activated”, its resistance to negative factors increases, its endurance and the efficiency of organs and systems increase.

Technology

Atmung oxygen concentrators use NASA's PSA (Pressure Variable Absorption) technology. Outside air is purified through a filter system, after which the device releases oxygen using a molecular sieve from the volcanic mineral zeolite. Pure, almost 100% oxygen is supplied by a stream at a pressure of 5-10 liters per minute. This pressure is sufficient to provide the natural level of oxygen in a room up to 30 meters.

Air purity

“But the air is dirty outside, and oxygen carries all substances with it.”
That is why OxyHaus systems have a three-stage incoming air filtration system. And already purified air enters the zeolite molecular sieve, in which air oxygen is separated.

Danger/Safety

“Why is the use of the OxyHaus system dangerous? After all, oxygen is explosive.
The use of the concentrator is safe. There is a risk of explosion in industrial oxygen cylinders because the oxygen is under high pressure. The Atmung Oxygen Concentrators that the system is based on are free from combustible materials and use NASA's PSA (Pressure Variable Adsorption Process) technology, which is safe and easy to operate.

Efficiency

Why do I need your system? I can reduce the level of CO2 in the room by opening the window and ventilating.”
Indeed, regular ventilation is a very good habit and we also recommend it to reduce CO2 levels. However, city air cannot be called truly fresh - in addition to the increased level of harmful substances, the level of oxygen is reduced in it. In the forest, the oxygen content is about 22%, and in urban air - 20.5 - 20.8%. This seemingly insignificant difference significantly affects the human body.
“I tried breathing oxygen and didn’t feel anything”
The effect of oxygen should not be compared with the effect of energy drinks. The positive effect of oxygen has a cumulative effect, so the oxygen balance of the body must be replenished regularly. We recommend turning on the OxyHaus system at night and for 3-4 hours a day during physical or intellectual activities. It is not necessary to use the system 24 hours a day.

"What's the difference with air purifiers?"
The air purifier only performs the function of reducing the amount of dust, but does not solve the problem of balancing the oxygen level of stuffiness.
“What is the most favorable concentration of oxygen in a room?”
The most favorable oxygen content is close to the same as in the forest or on the seashore: 22%. Even if your oxygen level is slightly above 21% due to natural ventilation, this is a favorable atmosphere.

"Is it possible to be poisoned by oxygen?"

Oxygen poisoning, hyperoxia, occurs as a result of breathing oxygen-containing gas mixtures (air, nitrox) at elevated pressure. Oxygen poisoning can occur when using oxygen devices, regenerative devices, when using artificial gas mixtures for breathing, during oxygen recompression, and also due to excess therapeutic doses in the process of oxygen barotherapy. In case of oxygen poisoning, dysfunctions of the central nervous system, respiratory and circulatory organs develop.

The news has recently spread across the country: the state corporation Rosnano is investing 710 million rubles in the production of innovative drugs against age-related diseases. We are talking about the so-called "Skulachev ions" - a fundamental development of domestic scientists. It will help to cope with the aging of cells, which causes oxygen.

"How so? – you will be surprised. “It is impossible to live without oxygen, and you claim that it accelerates aging!” In fact, there is no contradiction here. The engine of aging is reactive oxygen species, which are already formed inside our cells.

Energy source

Few people know that pure oxygen is dangerous. It is used in small doses in medicine, but if you breathe it for a long time, you can get poisoned. Laboratory mice and hamsters, for example, live in it for only a few days. The air we breathe contains about 20% oxygen.

Why do so many living beings, including humans, need a small amount of this dangerous gas? The fact is that O2 is the most powerful oxidizing agent; almost no substance can resist it. And we all need energy to live. So, we (as well as all animals, fungi and even most bacteria) can get it by oxidizing certain nutrients. Literally burning them like firewood in a fireplace insert.

This process takes place in every cell of our body, where there are special "energy stations" for it - mitochondria. This is where everything that we ate (of course, digested and decomposed to the simplest molecules) ultimately ends up. And it is inside the mitochondria that oxygen does the only thing it can do - it oxidizes.

This method of obtaining energy (it is called aerobic) is very beneficial. For example, some living beings are able to receive energy without being oxidized by oxygen. Only now, thanks to this gas, several times more energy is obtained from the same molecule than without it!

Hidden catch

Of the 140 liters of oxygen that we breathe in a day from the air, almost all goes to energy. Almost, but not all. Approximately 1% is spent on the production of ... poison. The fact is that during the beneficial activity of oxygen, hazardous substances, the so-called "reactive oxygen species", are also formed. These are free radicals and hydrogen peroxide.

Why did nature want to produce this poison at all? Some time ago, scientists found an explanation for this. Free radicals and hydrogen peroxide, with the help of a special protein-enzyme, are formed on the outer surface of cells, with their help our body destroys bacteria that have entered the bloodstream. Very reasonable, considering that the hydroxide radical rivals bleach in its toxicity.

However, not all poison is outside the cells. It is also formed in those very “energy stations”, mitochondria. They also have their own DNA, which is damaged by reactive oxygen species. Then everything is clear and so: the work of energy stations goes wrong, DNA is damaged, aging begins ...

Unsteady balance

Fortunately, nature took care to neutralize reactive oxygen species. Over billions of years of oxygen life, our cells have basically learned to keep O2 in check. Firstly, it should not be too much or too little - both provoke the formation of poison. Therefore, mitochondria are able to “expel” excess oxygen, as well as “breathe” so that it cannot form those very free radicals. Moreover, in the arsenal of our body there are substances that fight well with free radicals. For example, antioxidant enzymes that turn them into more harmless hydrogen peroxide and just oxygen. Other enzymes immediately take the hydrogen peroxide into circulation, turning it into water.

All this multi-stage protection works well, but over time it starts to falter. At first, scientists thought that over the years, the protective enzymes against reactive oxygen species weakened. It turned out, no, they are still alert and active, however, according to the laws of physics, some free radicals still bypass the multi-stage protection and begin to destroy DNA.

Can you support your natural defenses against toxic radicals? Yes, you can. After all, the longer certain animals live on average, the better their protection is honed. The more intense the metabolism of a particular species, the more effectively its representatives cope with free radicals. Accordingly, the first help to yourself from the inside is to lead an active lifestyle, not allowing the metabolism to slow down with age.

We train youth

There are several other circumstances that help our cells cope with toxic oxygen derivatives. For example, a trip to the mountains (1500 m and higher above sea level). The higher, the less oxygen in the air, and the inhabitants of the plain, once in the mountains, begin to breathe more often, it is difficult for them to move - the body tries to compensate for the lack of oxygen. After two weeks of living in the mountains, our body begins to adapt. The level of hemoglobin (a blood protein that carries oxygen from the lungs to all tissues) rises, and cells learn to use O2 more economically. Perhaps, scientists say, this is one of the reasons why there are many centenarians among the highlanders of the Himalayas, Pamirs, Tibet, and the Caucasus. And even if you only get to the mountains for a holiday once a year, you will get the same beneficial changes, even if only for a month.

So, you can learn to inhale a lot of oxygen or, on the contrary, not enough, there are a lot of breathing techniques in both directions. However, by and large, the body will still maintain the amount of oxygen entering the cell at a certain average, optimal level for itself and its load. And that same 1% will go to the production of poison.

Therefore, scientists believe that it will be more effective to go from the other side. Leave alone the amount of O2 and enhance cellular protection against its active forms. We need antioxidants, and those that can penetrate into the mitochondria and neutralize the poison there. Just such and wants to produce "Rosnano". Perhaps in a few years, such antioxidants can be taken, like the current vitamins A, E and C.

Rejuvenating drops

The list of modern antioxidants is no longer limited to the listed vitamins A, E and C. Among the latest discoveries are the SkQ antioxidant ions developed by a group of scientists led by a full member of the Academy of Sciences, honorary president of the Russian Society of Biochemists and Molecular Biologists, director of the Institute of Physical and Chemical Biology named after . A. N. Belozersky Moscow State University, laureate of the State Prize of the USSR, founder and dean of the Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics of Moscow State University Vladimir Skulachev.

Back in the 70s of the twentieth century, he brilliantly proved the theory that mitochondria are the "power plants" of cells. For this, positively charged particles (“Skulachev ions”) were invented, which can penetrate into the mitochondria. Now Academician Skulachev and his students have "hooked" an antioxidant substance to these ions, which is able to "deal" with toxic oxygen compounds.

At the first stage, these will not be “pills for old age”, but drugs for the treatment of specific diseases. First in line are eye drops to treat some age-related vision problems. Similar drugs have already given absolutely fantastic results when tested on animals. Depending on the species, new antioxidants could reduce early mortality, increase life expectancy, and prolong maximum age—enticing prospects!

Why do we need oxygen in the blood

For the normal functioning of the body, it is necessary that the blood is fully supplied with oxygen. Why is it so important?

In the blood flowing from the lungs, almost all of the oxygen is in a chemically bound state with hemoglobin, and is not dissolved in the blood plasma. The presence of a respiratory pigment - hemoglobin in the blood allows, with a small volume of liquid, to carry a significant amount of gases. In addition, the implementation of the chemical processes of binding and release of gases occurs without a sharp change in the physicochemical properties of blood (concentration of hydrogen ions and osmotic pressure).

The oxygen capacity of the blood is determined by the amount of oxygen that hemoglobin can bind. The reaction between oxygen and hemoglobin is reversible. When hemoglobin is bound to oxygen, it becomes oxyhemoglobin. At altitudes up to 2000 m above sea level, arterial blood is 96–98% oxygenated. At muscle rest, the oxygen content in the venous blood flowing to the lungs is 65-75% of the content that is in the arterial blood. With intense muscular work, this difference increases.

When oxyhemoglobin is converted to hemoglobin, the color of the blood changes: from scarlet red it becomes dark purple and vice versa. The less oxyhemoglobin, the darker the blood. And when it is very small, then the mucous membranes acquire a grayish-cyanotic color.

The most important reason for the change in the reaction of blood to the alkaline side is the content of carbon dioxide in it, which, in turn, depends on the presence of carbon dioxide in the blood. Therefore, the more carbon dioxide in the blood, the more carbon dioxide, and consequently, the stronger the shift in the acid-base balance of the blood to the acid side, which better contributes to the saturation of the blood with oxygen and facilitates its return to the tissues. At the same time, carbon dioxide and its concentration in the blood most strongly of all the above factors affect the saturation of blood with oxygen and its return to tissues. But blood pressure is especially strongly affected by muscle work, or increased activity of an organ, leading to an increase in temperature, a significant formation of carbon dioxide, naturally, to a greater shift to the acid side, a decrease in oxygen tension. It is in these cases that the greatest oxygen saturation of the blood and the whole organism as a whole occurs. The level of oxygen saturation in the blood is an individual constant of a person, depending on many factors, the main of which are the total surface of the alveolar membranes, the thickness and property of the membrane itself, the quality of hemoglobin, and the mental state of a person. Let's explore these concepts in more detail.

1. The total surface of the alveolar membranes, through which gases diffuse, varies from 30 square meters when exhaling to 100 when taking a deep breath.

2. The thickness and properties of the alveolar membrane depend on the presence of mucus on it, secreted from the body through the lungs, and the properties of the membrane itself depend on its elasticity, which, alas, is lost with age and is determined by how a person eats.

3. Although in hemoglobin, the hemin (iron-containing) groups are the same for everyone, but the globin (protein) groups are different, which affects the ability of hemoglobin to bind oxygen. Hemoglobin has the greatest binding capacity during fetal life. Further, this property is lost if it is not specially trained.

4. Due to the fact that there are nerve endings in the walls of the alveoli, various nerve impulses caused by emotions, etc., can significantly affect the permeability of the alveolar membranes. For example, when a person is in a depressed state, he breathes heavily, and when in a cheerful state, the air itself flows into the lungs.

Therefore, the level of blood oxygen saturation for each person is different and depends on age, type of breathing, cleanliness of the body and emotional stability of a person. And even depending on the above factors in the same person, it fluctuates significantly, amounting to 25–65 mm of oxygen per minute.

The exchange of oxygen between blood and tissues is similar to the exchange between alveolar air and blood. Since there is a continuous consumption of oxygen in the tissues, its intensity decreases. As a result, oxygen passes from the tissue fluid to the cells, where it is consumed. Oxygen-depleted tissue fluid, in contact with the wall of the blood-containing capillary, leads to the diffusion of oxygen from the blood into the tissue fluid. The higher the tissue exchange, the lower the oxygen tension in the tissue. And the greater this difference (between blood and tissue), the greater the amount of oxygen that can enter tissues from the blood at the same oxygen tension in capillary blood.

The process of removing carbon dioxide resembles the reverse process of taking in oxygen. Carbon dioxide formed in tissues during oxidative processes diffuses into the interstitial fluid, where its tension is less, and from there it diffuses through the capillary wall into the blood, where its tension is even less than in the interstitial fluid.

Passing through the walls of tissue capillaries, carbon dioxide partly dissolves directly in the blood plasma as a gas that is readily soluble in water, and partly binds with various bases to form bicarbonates. These salts then decompose in the pulmonary capillaries with the release of free carbon dioxide, which, in turn, quickly decomposes under the influence of the enzyme carbonic anhydrase into water and carbon dioxide. Further, due to the difference in the partial pressure of carbon dioxide between the alveolar air and its content in the blood, it passes into the lungs, from where it is excreted. The main amount of carbon dioxide is transported with the participation of hemoglobin, which, after reacting with carbon dioxide, forms bicarbonates, and only a small part of carbon dioxide is transported by plasma.

It has already been pointed out earlier that the main factor regulating respiration is the concentration of carbon dioxide in the blood. An increase in CO 2 in the blood flowing to the brain increases the excitability of both the respiratory and pneumotoxic centers. An increase in the activity of the first of them leads to an increase in contractions of the respiratory muscles, and the second - to an increase in breathing. When the content of CO 2 again becomes normal, the stimulation of these centers stops and the frequency and depth of breathing return to normal levels. This mechanism also works in the opposite direction. If a person voluntarily takes a series of deep breaths and exhalations, the CO 2 content in the alveolar air and blood will decrease so much that after he stops breathing deeply, the respiratory movements will completely stop until the CO 2 level in the blood again reaches normal. Therefore, the body, striving for balance, already in the alveolar air maintains the partial pressure of CO 2 at a constant level.

This text is an introductory piece.

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3. WHY IS THE DIAGNOSIS NEEDED? Amateurs and even some nutritionists (I am not one of them) believe that there is no need for a diagnosis. They say: why is a diagnosis needed, if all diseases come from contamination of the body with undigested food residues, mucus,

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With oxygen starvation, the supply of oxygen to the brain through blood cells is disrupted.

Cocktails, balloons, pillows, appliances, and even mesotherapy are all popular methods of oxygen therapy. In the last decade, there has been an increase in the number of residents of large cities who are actively using means to prevent oxygen starvation.

But does it really matter how much oxygen in cells corresponds to a certain level? Or have those who seek to increase blood oxygen become the victims of marketing tricks by advertisers and manufacturers of newfangled but useless ideas?

The effect of increased oxygen in cells on a person

Subjected to oxygen starvation (medically called hypoxia), the urban population suffers from

drowsiness
frequent headaches,
stress,
quick change of mood
powerlessness
earthy, gray or pale complexion,
visual impairment,
lack of sleep, etc.

Sometimes hypoxia itself becomes a symptom or consequence of other diseases, such as cardiovascular insufficiency or bronchitis.

Is it possible that a banal lack of oxygen in the body is to blame? Let's figure it out.

To begin with, let's define why a person needs oxygen? On the one hand, even a child can answer this question: we breathe oxygen. On the other hand, the correct answer is much deeper, and it affects the vital processes of the entire human body.

Firstly, oxygen is involved in the generation of cellular energy. It converts nutrients (lipids, fats) into clean energy for the normal functioning of the cells that make up the tissues of all our organs. There would be no oxygen, at the cellular level, our body would gradually stop doing its job, as a result of which a person’s immunity, mood, performance and well-being would deteriorate.

Secondly, oxygen helps to remove toxic substances from the body. Have you noticed that usually in Hollywood films, when the victim is being taken in an ambulance, they put on an oxygen mask on him? This is done to increase the patient's chances of survival by raising the body's resistance.

And finally oxygen "carries" hemoglobin to cells, without which it cannot.

An anoxic environment will kill a person in 5 minutes, and a reduced level of oxygen will have a strong and possibly irreversible negative effect on our body.

So, we found out that it is precisely due to the sufficient content oxygen in the body we can lead a normal, happy life, full of joyful moments and a desire to act and develop. But there are several categories of citizens who are the most.

Oxygen is essential for any living organism, even sea creatures cannot do without it completely. Nevertheless, among them, one needs oxygen more than others. Say, whales are closer to the water surface than jellyfish for this very simple reason.

Although we noted that every resident of the city needs increasing oxygen in cells, depending on the type of activity and special situation, there are people for whom it is vital to maintain oxygen balance in the cells.

Athletes (professionals and amateurs).

The secret of an athlete's success lies in daily and often exhausting workouts that consume the body's resources at times compared to the life of an ordinary person. , the more oxygen is required to maintain the given pace.

The training process uses the forces of the whole organism. It also releases lactic acid (lactate), which in excess can damage the liver, kidneys, central nervous system, brain, and heart. Oxygen neutralizes the side effects of lactate, which allows athletes, both professionals and amateurs, to continue training and achieve visible results.

Pregnant.

The lack of oxygen in the baby in the womb occurs due to the low oxygen content in the placenta, which comes there from the blood of the pregnant woman. The lack of oxygen in a pregnant woman in almost all cases affects the baby in her womb. Approximately 15% of pregnant women are diagnosed with oxygen deficiency. It is more important for a future mother to treat hypoxia than anyone else, because in severe form, oxygen starvation can lead to

premature birth,
intrauterine fetal death,
stillbirth
neonatal disability.

Mostly, fetal hypoxia a pregnant woman develops as a result of her wrong lifestyle (drug and alcohol use, smoking), stressful situations, health problems (heart, liver, kidneys, blood vessels, respiratory organs) and intoxication of the body.

Newborns and babies.

Medical statistics on oxygen starvation indicate that almost 89% of newborns suffer from asphyxia - one of the types of hypoxia. Immediately after birth, doctors have a few minutes to clear the baby's airways and let him breathe on his own. They then use the Apgar scale to rate the severity of hypoxia. If the results are satisfactory, then the newborn will be observed for another 7–10 days, since it is during this period that various pathologies can be quickly identified and removed. If it was not possible to diagnose or cure in time oxygen starvation in an infant , then many health problems can await him, ranging from impaired memory and cognitive abilities to paralysis. Timely diagnosis at an early stage of pregnancy can save the life of not only the baby, but also his mother.

The state of norm and hypoxia in infants

Summarizing the above, we can say that the question " Is it necessary to increase oxygen in the cells?” at our modern pace of life should not stand at all. Methods of saturating the cells of the body with oxygen are not always just a publicity stunt, some of them give effective results, and which one to choose, decide for yourself. Take care of your health before it's too late.

"Is it possible to be poisoned by oxygen?"

Watching even modern foreign films about the work of doctors and ambulance paramedics, we repeatedly see a picture - a Chance collar is put on the patient and the next step is to give oxygen to breathe. This picture is long gone.

The current protocol for helping patients with respiratory disorders involves oxygen therapy only with a significant decrease in saturation. Below 92%. And it is carried out only in the volume that is necessary to maintain a saturation of 92%.

Why?

Our body is designed in such a way that oxygen is needed for its functioning, but back in 1955 it was found out ....

Changes that occur in the lung tissue when exposed to various oxygen concentrations were noted both in vivo and in vitro. The first signs of changes in the structure of alveolar cells became noticeable after 3-6 hours of inhalation of high concentrations of oxygen. With continued exposure to oxygen, lung damage progresses and animals die from asphyxia (P. Grodnot, J. Chôme, 1955).

The toxic effect of oxygen is primarily manifested in the respiratory organs (M.A. Pogodin, A.E. Ovchinnikov, 1992; G. L. Morgulis et al., 1992., M. Iwata, K. Takagi, T. Satake, 1986; O. Matsurbara, T. Takemura, 1986; L. Nici, R. Dowin, 1991; Z. Viguang, 1992; K. L. Weir, P. W Johnston, 1992; A. Rubini, 1993).

The use of high oxygen concentrations can also trigger a number of pathological mechanisms. Firstly, it is the formation of aggressive free radicals and the activation of the process of lipid peroxidation, accompanied by the destruction of the lipid layer of cell walls. This process is especially dangerous in the alveoli, as they are exposed to the highest concentrations of oxygen. Long-term exposure to 100% oxygen can cause lung damage similar to acute respiratory distress syndrome. It is possible that the mechanism of lipid peroxidation is involved in damage to other organs, such as the brain.

What happens when we start inhaling oxygen to a person?

The concentration of oxygen during inhalation rises, as a result, oxygen first begins to act on the mucous membrane of the trachea and bronchi, reducing the production of mucus, and also drying it. Humidification here works little and not as you want, because oxygen, passing through water, turns part of it into hydrogen peroxide. There is not much of it, but it is quite enough to influence the mucous membrane of the trachea and bronchi. As a result of this exposure, mucus production decreases and the tracheobronchial tree begins to dry. Then, oxygen enters the alveoli, where it directly affects the surfactant contained on their surface.

Oxidative degradation of the surfactant begins. Surfactant forms a certain surface tension inside the alveoli, which allows it to keep its shape and not fall off. If there is little surfactant, and when oxygen is inhaled, the rate of its degradation becomes much higher than the rate of its production by the alveolar epithelium, the alveolus loses its shape and collapses. As a result, an increase in the concentration of oxygen during inhalation leads to respiratory failure. It should be noted that this process is not fast, and there are situations when oxygen inhalation can save the patient's life, but only for a fairly short period of time. Prolonged inhalations, even of not very high concentrations of oxygen, unequivocally lead the lungs to partial atelictasis and significantly worsen the processes of sputum discharge.

Thus, as a result of oxygen inhalation, you can get the effect is absolutely the opposite - the deterioration of the patient's condition.

What to do in this situation?

The answer lies on the surface - to normalize gas exchange in the lungs not by changing the oxygen concentration, but by normalizing the parameters

ventilation. Those. we need to make the alveoli and bronchi work so that even 21% of the oxygen in the surrounding air is enough for the body to function normally. This is where non-invasive ventilation helps. However, it should always be taken into account that the selection of ventilation parameters during hypoxia is a rather laborious process. In addition to respiratory volumes, respiratory rate, the rate of change in inspiratory and expiratory pressures, we have to operate with many other parameters - blood pressure, pressure in the pulmonary artery, resistance index of the vessels of the small and large circles. Often it is necessary to use drug therapy, because the lungs are not only an organ of gas exchange, but also a kind of filter that determines the speed of blood flow both in the small and in the large circle of blood circulation. It is probably not worth describing the process itself and the pathological mechanisms involved in it, because it will take more than one hundred pages, it is probably better to describe what the patient receives as a result.

As a rule, as a result of prolonged inhalation of oxygen, a person literally “sticks” to an oxygen concentrator. Why - we described above. But even worse, the fact that in the process of treatment with an oxygen inhaler, for a more or less comfortable state of the patient, more and more oxygen concentrations are required. Moreover, the need to increase the supply of oxygen is constantly growing. There is a feeling that without oxygen a person can no longer live. All this leads to the fact that a person loses the ability to serve himself.

What happens when we start replacing the oxygen concentrator with non-invasive ventilation? The situation is changing radically. After all, non-invasive ventilation of the lungs is needed only occasionally - a maximum of 5-7 times a day, and as a rule, patients get by with 2-3 sessions of 20-40 minutes each. This largely socially rehabilitates patients. Increased tolerance to physical activity. Shortness of breath goes away. A person can serve himself, live not tied to the apparatus. And most importantly - we do not burn out the surfactant and do not dry the mucous membrane.

Man has the ability to get sick. As a rule, it is respiratory diseases that cause a sharp deterioration in the condition of patients. If this happens, then the number of sessions of non-invasive ventilation during the day must be increased. Patients themselves, sometimes even better than a doctor, determine when they need to breathe again on the device.

Everyone knows since childhood that a person cannot live without oxygen. People breathe it, it takes part in many metabolic processes, saturates organs and tissues with useful substances. Therefore, oxygen treatment has long been used in many medical procedures, thanks to which it is possible to saturate the body or cells with important elements, as well as improve health.

Lack of oxygen in the body

Man breathes oxygen. But those who live in large cities where industry is developed lack it. This is due to the fact that in megacities there are harmful chemical elements in the air. In order for the human body to be healthy and fully function, it needs pure oxygen, the proportion of which in the air should be approximately 21%. But various studies have shown that in the city it is only 12%. As you can see, the inhabitants of megacities receive a vital element 2 times less than the norm.

Symptoms of lack of oxygen

increase in breathing rate,
increase in heart rate,
headache,
organ function slows down
concentration disorder,
reaction slows down
lethargy,
drowsiness,
acidosis develops.
cyanosis of the skin,
change in the shape of the nails.

Consequences of lack of oxygen

As a result, the lack of oxygen in the body has a negative effect on the functioning of the heart, liver, brain, etc. The likelihood of premature aging, the appearance of diseases of the cardiovascular system and the respiratory system increases.

Therefore, it is recommended to change your place of residence, move to a more environmentally friendly area of the city, and it is better to completely move out of the city, closer to nature. If such an opportunity is not expected in the near future, then try to get out to parks or squares more often.

Since residents of large cities can find a whole "bouquet" of diseases due to the lack of this element, we suggest that you familiarize yourself with the methods of oxygen treatment.

Oxygen treatment methods

Oxygen inhalations

Assign to patients suffering from diseases of the respiratory system (bronchitis, pneumonia, pulmonary edema, tuberculosis, asthma), with heart disease, with poisoning, malfunctioning of the liver and kidneys, with shock conditions.

Oxygen therapy can also be done for the prevention of residents of large cities. After the procedure, the appearance of a person becomes better, mood and general well-being increase, energy and strength for work and creativity appear.

Oxygen inhalation

Oxygen inhalation procedure at home

Oxygen inhalation requires a tube or mask through which the breathing mixture will flow. It is best to carry out the procedure through the nose, using a special catheter. The proportion of oxygen in respiratory mixtures is from 30% to 95%. The duration of inhalation depends on the state of the body, usually 10-20 minutes. This procedure is often used in the postoperative period.

Anyone can purchase the necessary devices for oxygen therapy in pharmacies, and carry out inhalation on their own. On sale there are usually oxygen cartridges about 30 cm high with an internal content of gaseous oxygen with nitrogen. The balloon has a nebulizer for breathing gas through the nose or mouth. Of course, the balloon is not endless in use, as a rule, it lasts for 3-5 days. It should be used 2-3 times daily.

Oxygen is very useful for humans, but an overdose of it can be harmful. Therefore, when carrying out independent procedures, be careful and do not overdo it. Do everything according to the instructions. If you have the following symptoms after oxygen therapy - dry cough, convulsions, burning behind the sternum - then immediately consult a doctor. To prevent this from happening, use a pulse oximeter, it will help monitor the oxygen content in the blood.

barotherapy

This procedure refers to the effect of high or low pressure on the human body. As a rule, they resort to an increased level, which is created in pressure chambers of different sizes for various medical purposes. There are large ones, they are designed for operations and delivery.

Due to the fact that tissues and organs are saturated with oxygen, swelling and inflammation are reduced, cell renewal and rejuvenation is accelerated.

It is effective to use oxygen under high pressure in diseases of the stomach, heart, endocrine and nervous systems, in the presence of problems with gynecology, etc.

barotherapy

Oxygen mesotherapy

It is used in cosmetology for the purpose of introducing active substances into the deep layers of the skin, which will enrich it. Such oxygen therapy improves the condition of the skin, it rejuvenates, and also cellulite disappears. At the moment, oxygen mesotherapy is a popular service in cosmetology salons.

Oxygen mesotherapy

Oxygen baths

They are very useful. Water is poured into the bath, the temperature of which should be approximately 35 ° C. It is saturated with active oxygen, due to which it has a therapeutic effect on the body.

After taking oxygen baths, a person begins to feel better, insomnia and migraines disappear, pressure normalizes, metabolism improves. This effect occurs due to the penetration of oxygen into the deeper layers of the skin and stimulation of nerve receptors. Such services are usually provided in spa-salons or sanatoriums.

oxygen cocktails

They are very popular now. Oxygen cocktails are not only healthy, but also very tasty.

What are they? The basis that gives color and taste is syrup, juice, vitamins, phyto-infusions, in addition, such drinks are filled with foam and bubbles containing 95% medical oxygen. Oxygen cocktails are worth drinking for people suffering from diseases from the gastrointestinal tract, having problems with the nervous system. Such a healing drink also normalizes blood pressure, metabolism, relieves fatigue, eliminates migraines and removes excess fluid from the body. If you use oxygen cocktails daily, then a person’s immunity is strengthened and efficiency increases.

You can buy them in many sanatoriums or fitness clubs. You can also prepare oxygen cocktails yourself, for this you need to purchase a special device in a pharmacy. Use freshly squeezed vegetable, fruit juices, or herbal blends as a base.

oxygen cocktails

Nature

Nature is perhaps the most natural and pleasant way. Try to get out into nature, to parks as often as possible. Breathe clean, oxygenated air.

Oxygen is an essential element for human health. Get out into the forests, to the sea more often - saturate your body with useful substances, strengthen your immunity.

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In chapter Natural Sciences to the question If oxygen is a powerful oxidizing agent, then why is it advised to breathe deeper? Is oxygen harmful to humans? given by the author Yotim Bergi the best answer is due to the action of oxygen, a person ages but cannot live without it

2 answers

Hello! Here is a selection of topics with answers to your question: If oxygen is a powerful oxidizing agent, then why is it advised to breathe deeper? Is oxygen harmful to humans?

Answer from Dmitry Borisov
harmful, don't breathe!

Answer from Col.kurtz
harmful
you can't breathe pure oxygen for a long time
doctors know

Answer from Anton Vladimirovich
No, it's not. Of course, if you mean ozone, then this is only a few minutes, and then it will not be entirely useful. And oxygen... And oxygen, sorry, is only useful. But the body is adapted to absorb not pure oxygen, but an oxygen mixture, that is, air. Therefore, pure oxygen also does not need to be particularly abused unnecessarily.

Answer from Dmitry Nizyaev
Living in general is bad. They even die from it.

Answer from Hard childhood
pure oxygen for a person (and for most living beings) is a poison, prolonged inhalation of it causes death. the first global extinction was caused by mass oxygen poisoning. see OXYGEN DISASTER. but it is advised to breathe deeper not with oxygen, but with air in which oxygen is in a safe concentration and only when, due to fainting (or other painful condition), the concentration of oxygen in the blood drops. sometimes in this case they give a breath of pure oxygen, but not for long.

Answer from yellow partisan
It is advised to breathe deeper when the air
atmospheric, it contains 16% oxygen, this can be enough to do
hyperventilation of the lungs, quickly and naturally saturate the blood
breathing oxygen, pure oxygen is beneficial, for a while, but ... dangerous. Beneficial for one
breath lasts for a minute ... dangerously, there is an acceleration of all
metabolic reactions in the body at times (actually accelerates
aging of the body) and if you suddenly “take a spark” while inhaling, they will burn out
light on the inside! At work, he did a trick ... inhaled oxygen from
cylinder ... approached the smoker, took a burning cigarette from him, inserted it into
mouth and blew into it ... - the cigarette burned with a bright flame.
In its pure form, it is a terrible oxidizing agent, therefore, poison. Ozone is many times more dangerous than oxygen, in its pure form (you rarely see it, only next to an electric arc, during welding), its smell is pungent, it burns the nasal mucosa, eyes ... air attack! I say because I experienced it myself as an aluminum welder.

Answer from Ѐustam Iskenderov
Nitrogen calms it down.

Answer from Ioman Sergeevich
By the way, oxygen in the body is used precisely for oxidation. And now what? As already said, do not breathe, and after a few minutes, the oxidation processes will stop ...

Answer from Born in the USSR
It is not oxygen that is harmful, but its concentration ....