How can a disabled person of the 1st group get into rehabilitation. Social and medical services. What benefits are provided

Recently, more and more people are turning to the doctor with serious health problems, but few people know that most of the chronic pathologies involve disability registration. Disability is a certain condition of a person who has some limitations in physical abilities, mental or psychological deviations. But who can confirm this, what degrees of disability exist and what can a person who has received the status of a disabled person expect? Let's take a look at our article.

Passing an examination

A medical and social examination is a commission of several people that meets to determine the degree of disability, while taking into account the general condition of the person, the presence of any abnormalities that prevent the body from functioning normally. Everyone who applies to the commission after passing it receives a document that confirms that the patient has manifestations of restrictions for leading a normal lifestyle.

Only having this document in hand, a person gets the opportunity to assign one of the disability groups. It is given only on the basis of an examination, and all deviations that imply restrictions on the normal functioning of the human body are mainly associated with serious diseases or injuries received at birth or throughout life. But what degrees of disability can a person expect? Who is eligible for disability?

Classification and features of disability groups

Thanks to the classifier of disability groups, it is possible to accurately determine the factor limiting the life of a disabled person. As mentioned earlier, only the commission has the right to recognize a person as incapacitated and gives him a certain degree of disability. All violations in human health can be divided into the following groups:

• Statodynamic - violation of motor abilities, for example, movements of the head, body, limbs are limited and there are problems with coordination.
• Mental disorders, which are characterized by the impossibility of memorization, perception of the surrounding reality, the lack of sound thinking.
• Speech - stuttering, difficulty in learning writing techniques, the presence of verbal or non-verbal speech.
• Problems in the work of the hematopoietic system, metabolic processes, malfunctions of the digestive system or respiratory organs.
• Physical deformity - the strongest changes in the configuration of the body or its individual parts. This also includes such pathologies as the presence of holes in the respiratory, digestive, urinary system, as well as unacceptable body sizes that can adversely affect health.
• Sensory - This category includes people with poor hearing, vision, smell and abnormal sensitivity to temperature and pain.

Everyone who has one or more of these changes in the body should immediately go to the commission, which will determine the disability. The degree of limitation of the ability to work for each individual patient is determined individually, depending on his diseases and disorders. You can't lump everyone under the same brush.

Causes of disability

Very often, many patients have heard such a wording, which asserts the fact of assigning a degree of disability for one of the forms of a general disease. But for most patients, such a conclusion does not raise questions, but there are a number of reasons that few people know about that fit this wording - the establishment of disability status in the form of a general disease. These include:

• Injuries acquired at the workplace, which led to the most serious defects.
• Occupational ailments.
• birth defects.
• Pathologies, wounds and injuries received while serving in the armed forces.
• Diseases caused by the Chernobyl accident.

All people who have been injured or belong to one of the categories have the full right to receive the status of a disabled person of a certain group. But what degrees, disability groups exist?

The first group of disability

One of the most difficult degrees of disability is the first group. People with significant impairments to the functionality of the body can count on it - the highest degree of difficulty in movement, communication, learning and the inability to control their actions. A person is faced with serious limitations in life, he does not have the opportunity to serve himself on his own, which leads to the fact that he must constantly be looked after. Disability group (1 degree) provides for the provision of household functions that are vital. Such people are only to a small extent capable of self-service.

Disabled people of the first group are mostly unable to work, but there are those who can work - they are blind or deaf and mute. In most cities, special societies have been opened, in which special conditions have been created for the work of people with a first-degree disability. People who do not work their lower limbs have the opportunity to perform certain types of work while sitting, and most often they work at home.

Disabled people of the second group

The second group is received by people with minor impairments to the functioning of the body. They can take care of themselves and do not require constant supervision. This category may include people with a height of less than 150 cm or those who do not have first fingers.

The second group, the second degree of disability, is assigned to people who have such pathologies: a skull defect, paralysis, serious consequences after injuries, congenital pathologies. The second group is assigned to disabled children for the duration of their training, after which a certificate is issued stating that the person is fit for work.

People belonging to the second group of disabilities are able to work, but only if the working day is reduced for them, additional breaks are provided, the production rate will be significantly reduced.

If we comprehensively evaluate all indicators, then the main categories of life activity can be divided into three degrees:

1. 1, 2 degree (serious disability) - this is when a person has the opportunity to independently serve himself, while spending a lot of time, and to reduce the volume he cannot do without the help of technical means.
2. Grade 3 - a person practically cannot serve himself, he needs outside help.

Disabled people of the third group

People who were given the third group of disability have moderate impairments in the work of one or another organ - this may be deafness, inability to navigate, or paralysis of the hands. As a disability of the third group, the limitation of the 1st degree provides for violations in the functioning of the body as a result of diseases, birth defects or injuries received in the process of life. The result of such ailments can be a moderately pronounced disability.

People with a third degree of disability can take care of themselves and they do not have such dependence on others, but the help of social workers is still needed.

It is also worth saying that with a comprehensive assessment of certain indicators that characterize violations in the functioning of the human body, there are four main degrees of disability:

• 1 degree - these are minor malfunctions in the body.
• Grade 2 - violations are moderate.
• Grade 3 - all violations are pronounced.
• 4 degree of disability - these are serious malfunctions in the work of the whole organism, which are very pronounced, and it will not be possible to miss them.

For how long do they give the status of a disabled person, re-examination

After the ITU commission has recognized a person as disabled, it issues an appropriate document with a seal to him. The patient receives a rehabilitation program and a certificate of assignment of a particular degree of disability. Three days after the assignment of disability, an extract from the minutes of the commission meeting is sent to the local Pension Fund. The 1st disability group is assigned to a person for a period of 24 months, and the second and third - for a year.

With regard to disability for a child, in this case, the period for assigning a status can be from one year to the moment when he turns 18 years old. Lifelong disability can be established in some cases if it is not possible to reduce the degree or eliminate the limitations of a person’s life that were caused by serious morphological changes or disturbances in the functioning of body systems.

That is why, in order to monitor the health of the patient and the state of working capacity of the disabled person, regular re-examination is carried out. Those patients who were given an indefinite group may also be sent back for a commission of their own free will or on the recommendation of their attending physician. Each disabled person has the right to receive material assistance from the state, for each individual degree of disability, it is determined individually.

Financial support for people with disabilities

The main way to ensure the life of the disabled is a pension. To get it, you need to pass the ITU and get one of the three disability groups. A disability labor pension is a once-a-month payment given to those who have work restrictions to compensate for lost earnings.

If disability was obtained due to a general illness acquired during life, then in this case, for the purpose of assigning a pension, the total length of service with a certain duration is taken into account. Those who have been injured in childhood, even before the person is 20 years old, are assigned material benefits, which in no way depend on the length of service. If the second group, the second degree of disability was given due to a disease received in the performance of professional duties, then in this case a pension is assigned regardless of the length of service.

For military personnel, a monthly payment is prescribed if the grounds for obtaining a disability group appeared during the service or no later than three months after its completion. Also, a military pension can be established if a disability was assigned to a person after a sufficiently long period after dismissal. In this case, the main thing is that the injury or illness that caused the disability should be acquired during the period of service.

Consider, using the example of patients with coxarthrosis of the hip joint, which disability group is assigned and how to properly issue it.

Disability in coxarthrosis

Coxarthrosis of the hip joint is a serious pathology that to some extent limits the mobility of a person, in this case the patient has every right to apply to the commission and receive a disability of group 3, restriction of degree 1 or any other, depending on the severity of the disease and its accompanying pathologies . The main criterion for registration of disability is the inability of a disabled person to independently perform certain household operations and go to work. As a result, a person loses the ability to provide for himself and for this reason he is assigned a monthly disability allowance. But what degree of disability in coxarthrosis can be given to a person and what will he need for this?

In order to get a disability, first of all, you need to visit your doctor, who will submit all the necessary documents and referral to the ITU. If the commission makes a positive decision, then in this case a person is assigned one or another degree of disability. But what group of disability in this case can give a person?

Most often, with such a disease, the patient is given a disability of group 3, a limitation of 1 degree, because the patient is able to serve himself, although he spends a lot of time on it. It is possible to get a second group, but it will be much more difficult to do this. At the same time, it will be necessary to regularly confirm the presence of the disease according to the established schedule, but if at least once a person does not appear on the commission, then the disability group is removed and it will be even more difficult to return it.

Such measures are explained by the emergence of new unique technologies that allow a person with coxarthrosis to undergo a surgical procedure and replace the diseased joint with an artificial one.

If the patient was given a disability degree of 3, a degree of limitation of 1, then after the operation it can be taken away, and if the surgical intervention did not help, the second group can also be given.

But the presence of one degree or another of the disease does not give a person the right to automatically receive disability, only the commission, having considered all the documents that confirm the presence of pathology and deformity in the joint, will be able to assign the status of a disabled person or not. Thanks to the latest diagnostic techniques, today it has become much easier and faster to do this. It will be enough to provide the commission with an x-ray, which confirms the presence of joint pathology and the results of arthroscopy. After examining the documents, which will also confirm the fact that the patient cannot take care of himself and has disability, the commission makes a decision and assigns a disability of the second or third degree.

In cases where the complexity of the disease is not too high and the patient does not feel any special problems, he does not have major restrictions on movement, and he can go to work or do it at home, then he may be denied disability status. In the same cases, if the inflammatory process in the joint proceeds at a moderate pace and the patient has a history of coxarthrosis of the third stage, then the patient has the right to receive a 3rd disability group. This usually applies to those people in whom the pathology has been identified recently.

In cases where the disease has led to the fact that the patient has a shortening of the lower limb, the patient may qualify not for the third group, but for the second. But, as practice has shown, this happens only if the leg is shortened by 7 or more centimeters. But the first group can only be received by people who suffer from deforming arthrosis and are unable to move around without a wheelchair. Most often, with such a diagnosis, they give a degree of disability of 3, a degree of restriction of 1, and then only for a period of one year, and then it is removed, since an operative intervention is prescribed, allowing the patient to forget about the disease and begin to live a full life.

But not only adults with certain diseases can receive the status of a disabled person, there is also a category - children with disabilities.

Disabled childhood

Disability can be given even to children, and the category of a disabled child is assigned to those who have not reached the age of majority and have limited opportunities as a result of a congenital injury or acquired pathology. Getting serious injuries that led to difficulties with independent movement and self-service, the inability to fully learn, control one's behavior, and concentrate is also the basis for obtaining a degree of disability.

To obtain the status of a disabled child, one must also apply to the ITU commission, which not only determines the degree of disability, but also gives certain recommendations on education, place of detention, the need for technical means to ensure optimal conditions for normal life, prescribe a rehabilitation program.

Defectologists should constantly work with children with disabilities, who teach them all the necessary skills that allow them to better adapt to their peers. They prepare the child for further learning, relying on the preserved functions of the body. But we can say for sure that in our modern time, disability is not a sentence. Today, everyone is calling for everyone to be loyal to the disabled. Many new programs are being developed that allow a person with problems to improve the quality of their lives, they have the opportunity to start a new life and at the same time not pay attention to their status.

Healthy people should reckon with the fact that a person became disabled against his will and, if possible, help him in any way they can. Today, the state has developed a number of social support measures that allow a disabled person not only to live a full life, but also not to deny themselves anything. Today such a person has the right:

• Receive financial monthly support from the state.
• He has a utility bill.
• For free accommodation and treatment in specialized sanatoriums.
• To pay for travel to the place of rehabilitation and treatment.
• To receive a quota in monetary terms for treatment and diagnostics.
• Have a reduced work day if the group allows the person to work.

It is worth recalling that disability is not a sentence, and every person with disabilities can live a full life and not deny himself the joys. It is not necessary to withdraw into yourself and consider yourself flawed and inferior, it is still unknown who has lost and who has gained in this life, because, as practice shows, most of the disabled achieve a lot in life and the presence of such a status is not at all an obstacle to achieving great results .

Persons who have received irreparable violations of the physical functions of the body, as well as restriction of life due to certain diseases or injuries, are considered. Such people require social protection.

Group I disability is obtained by people with the most severe forms of diseases and significant limitations of life, such as:

• a person's inability to take care of themselves. Such people depend on outside help;
• violation of the motor functions of the body, that is, the ability to move independently;
• The presence of disorientation of a person in space.

This disability group is assigned by MSEC for only 2 years with the possibility of further re-examination. Minors with incurable health disorders are assigned the status of " Disabled children of the 1st group". Disabled people of the 1st group also include disabled veterans of the Great Patriotic War.

However, there are often cases denial of disability. According to the Federal Law of the Russian Federation, there are situations that can serve as a reason for this refusal. For example, such a reason is the intentional harm to one's health or a violation of body functions due to alcohol or drug intoxication.

The decision to refuse to establish disability can be appealed within 30 days at MSEC.

List of social benefits for disabled people of group 1

The law of the Russian Federation provides for the disabled of the 1st group certain, aimed at improving the living conditions of this category of the population.

Payout amount

In 2016, compensation is 1200 rubles and is paid together with the disability pension. Parents or guardians of a minor disabled person of the 1st group receive a surcharge 5500 rubles. Persons who do not have family ties with a child, but who care for and educate a minor - 1200 rubles(). If care is provided for several people at the same time, then compensation is paid for each separately.

For persons living in difficult climatic conditions, compensation increases by multiplying by a regional coefficient.

Some caregivers get benefits for the care of a disabled person of the 1st group(if they have common property, then benefits apply to both):

• transport tax cut 50% if the engine 150 HP and less);
• no property tax and reduced land tax;
• free spa treatment;
• 50% the cost of utilities.

Terms of receipt

It is important that a person does not have other sources of income - salaries, pensions, unemployment benefits. In the event of the appearance of paid work, subsidies, other types of material assistance, a citizen is obliged to report this to the Pension Fund within 5 days from the moment it was issued. The presence of other sources of income implies a halt in compensation payments. If a person keeps a new source of income secret, while continuing to receive compensation for the care of a disabled person, he will be forced to answer before the law: a full refund of public funds for the period of violation. The return is understood as the return of the amount of compensation, social assistance or wages.

It is also known what benefits are provided to guardians of disabled children. there is a ban on night work, overtime, employment on holidays and weekends, and restrictions on business trips. Benefits for guardians of disabled people of the 1st group apply to single mothers and fathers.

Conclusion

1. Disability of the first group is assigned with severe damage to the body and the inability to provide for oneself.
2. Confirmation of disability is the conclusion of the ITU.
3. Disabled people are entitled to medical, social, housing and tax benefits.
4. Benefits are issued in the authorized department in the presence of title documents.
5. Regions have the right to introduce additional types of benefits.

Disability of the first group involves serious disability, but there are different situations. Sometimes a person feels satisfactory and is ready to work, and the employer is also interested in such an employee. From this article, you will find out whether it is possible to work with disability group 1, what the law says about this, and what the employer should pay attention to when hiring such an employee.

Who belongs to the disabled group 1

The first group of disability is the most severe. It is given for life in connection with serious illnesses - from cancer and a vegetative state after a stroke to dementia and severe schizophrenia.

People with disability group 1 are not able to move independently and serve themselves at the household level. They are not responsible for their actions, suffer from disorientation in space, and are unable to communicate with others. Several of these criteria may be observed at once, or only one.

All this creates significant disability, but in many cases people are able to continue working. Let's see if it is possible to work with the first group of disability if a person suffers from mental disorders, but is physically healthy. In this case, the ability to intellectual activity is lost. It remains possible to work as a cleaner, packer and perform other simple manual labor. Amputation of the legs above 1/3 of the thigh significantly limits mobility. It remains the opportunity to engage in mental work - in the office or at home.

Is it possible for a disabled person of group 1 to work

Interesting statistics

The number of employed disabled people in Russia is growing. According to the Pension Fund of the Russian Federation, in 2015 there were 2.5 million working disabled people in the country, while in 2010 there were 19.5% fewer people who had jobs.

Let's figure out whether it is possible to work with disability group 1 from the standpoint of the legislation of the Russian Federation. If the commission comes to the conclusion that a person has completely lost his ability to work, a corresponding entry is made in the IPR. In this case, the III degree of restriction to labor activity is assigned. Even this is not enough to consider a person incapable of doing any work. In the regulatory legal acts of Russia there is no ban on the employment of a disabled person of the 1st group. If he feels relatively well, and the employer is interested in him, he can be hired.

The obligation of the employer to familiarize himself with the IPR before employment of a disabled person of group 1

IPR is an individual rehabilitation program, which is issued by the authorized body based on the results of a medical and social examination. It contains information about rehabilitation measures aimed at restoring and compensating for impaired or lost body functions. The document also indicates whether it is possible for a disabled person of group 1 to work, what conditions and additional adaptations he needs for this. (Part 1, Article 11 of Law No. 181-FZ “On Social Protection of Disabled Persons in the Russian Federation”).

If the employer employs such an employee, he must familiarize himself with the recommendations of the IPR regarding labor activity and follow them in the future.

In what cases is the employer relieved of responsibility for non-compliance with the recommendations of the IPR

There are only 3 conditions under which the employer is released from liability for failure to comply with the requirements of the IPR:

1. The disabled person wrote a written refusal to provide an individual rehabilitation program for review.
2. The IPR does not clearly spell out the disability clause.
3. The disabled person provided a written refusal to provide him with special working conditions indicated in the IPR.

The working conditions in which disabled people are prohibited from working are specified in clause 4.2 of the Sanitary Rules. These include working conditions under which hygienic standards are exceeded. It can be:

- physical factors (noise, vibration, air temperature, humidity and air mobility, electromagnetic radiation, static electricity, illumination, etc.);
- chemical factors (dust content, gas contamination of the air of the working area);
- biological factors (pathogenic microorganisms and their metabolic products);
- physical, dynamic and static loads during lifting and moving, holding weights, working in uncomfortable positions, long walking;
- neuropsychic stress (sensory, emotional, intellectual, monotony, night shift work, with an extended working day).

Certain working conditions for a disabled person of group 1

There are general norms for disabled people of the 1st group who continue to work. They have a reduced working week (35 hours instead of 40 hours) with full pay.

If an employee works less than 35 hours, then he is paid based on the hours worked.

At the legislative level, additional conditions have been introduced for all working disabled people:

• the ability to refuse business trips;
• work at night, on holidays and weekends - only by written consent;
• vacation - 30 calendar days plus 60 days of additional unpaid leave.

For more information about the employment of people with disabilities, see the video

In accordance with the IPR, the employer is obliged to provide a disabled person of group 1 with a suitable room for work, organize climatic and technical working conditions. The document describes in detail the required degree of illumination of the workspace, the permissible levels of noise, vibration, electromagnetic radiation, dust, infrasound. All of these recommendations are mandatory.

Also, the employer must provide the employee with the means of technical rehabilitation, if they are necessary for him to work. So, if a person is visually impaired, his workplace must be automated, equipped with a voice access program. If an employee is shown a reduction in workload or a transfer to another type of activity, the employer is obliged to follow these recommendations.

Ask questions in the comments to the article and get an expert answer

According to the law "On the Social Protection of the Disabled in the Russian Federation" dated November 24, 1995 No. 181-FZ, a person with certain health disorders is recognized as a disabled person. Such citizens are characterized by the presence of persistent disorders of body functions, which, as a rule, are caused by diseases or injuries that led to a limitation of life and the need for social protection.

The right to social protection

Disability of the 1st group is assigned to citizens with the most severe health disorders. The main purpose of recognizing a person as a disabled person is to provide a citizen with the necessary social assistance. The right to social protection is the basic and inalienable right of every citizen who has received the status of a disabled person.

Social protection includes some government guarantees. The authorities undertake to support the disabled person by providing legal, economic and social measures.

Citizens who have received the status of a disabled person in the manner prescribed by law will be provided with conditions for overcoming and compensating for restrictions.

State bodies provide social support to disabled people in order to bring their life opportunities closer to those of other citizens of Russian society.

Other inalienable rights

In addition, every citizen legally recognized as a disabled person has the right to:

1. For medical assistance.
2. Access to the information. This right is ensured through the creation of audio literature for the visually impaired, the publication of books written in special fonts for the visually impaired. The provision of city libraries with educational and methodological and information and reference literature for the disabled is being carried out. Authorized bodies provide assistance to persons with disabilities in obtaining sign language and sign language interpretation services. Citizens are provided with specialized equipment and means for the perception of sign language in hearing disorders.
3. Access to social infrastructure facilities. State bodies are taking measures to provide disabled people with wheelchairs and guide dogs. This gives citizens the opportunity to freely access residential and public buildings, places of recreation, and transport communications. The construction and planning of structures are carried out taking into account the installation of facilities that provide access for disabled people to these buildings. Parking lots of various organizations provide places for the disabled.
4. The right to housing. State bodies carry out work to improve the living conditions of citizens recognized as disabled. Citizens in need are provided with housing. They can expect to have their rent reduced in line with the benefits provided.
5. Education. A list of diseases is provided that allow citizens to study at home, and institutions have been created that teach adapted general education programs.
6. Labor employment. At the same time, the law establishes a reduced working time for disabled people of the 1st group. The period of labor activity per week should not exceed 35 hours.
7. Material benefits in the form of various pensions, allowances, insurance payments, payments in connection with compensation for harm and other compensations.
8. Social services, which involves the provision of medical and household services. They can be provided to a disabled person at the place of residence or treatment. To the types of such services in accordance with Ch. 6 of the Federal Law "On the basics of social services for citizens in the Russian Federation" dated December 28, 2013 No. 442-FZ can be attributed to:

• Home care, which includes:
• Catering, grocery shopping.
• Assistance in the purchase of medicines, medical products.
• Assistance in purchasing essential items.
• Assistance in obtaining medical and legal assistance.
• Assistance in the organization of funeral services.
• Semi-stationary services when a person is in a department of a social service institution.
• Stationary services that are necessary when a citizen is in a boarding house, boarding house.

Urgent social service, which involves the provision of assistance:

• in a one-time purchase of food;
• provision of clothing;
• provision of basic necessities;
• one-time provision of medical care;
• obtaining temporary housing;
• legal aid organizations;
• organization of emergency medical and psychological support, as well as
• social advisory assistance.

Disability pension

In accordance with paragraph 1 h. 2 Article. 28.1 of the law of November 24, 1995 No. 181-FZ, disabled people of the 1st group receive monthly payments in the amount of 2,162 rubles. This amount is subject to indexation, which results in its annual increase. In 2019, the monthly allowance is 3,782.94 rubles.

In addition, a disabled person is entitled to receive a disability insurance pension. Formula for its calculation:

SP \u003d PC x C + FV,

where SP - disability insurance pension;
PC - the sum of all annual pension coefficients (points) of a citizen;
C - the cost of one pension point as of the day from which the pension is assigned;
PV - fixed payment.

Added to this is a fixed fee. In 2019, this is 10,668 rubles 38 kopecks for the disabled of the 1st group, 5334 rubles 19 kopecks for the disabled of the 2nd group, and 2667 rubles 09 kopecks for the disabled of the 3rd group.

Benefits for the disabled

Social benefits

The Law "On State Social Assistance" dated July 17, 1999 No. 178-FZ provides a list of benefits for citizens who have gone through the procedure for recognizing a disabled person of the 1st group. These persons can count on such social benefits as:

• Obtaining medicines and other medical devices and products.
• Obtaining, in the presence of medical indicators, vouchers for sanatorium treatment for the prevention of diseases, as well as vouchers to sanatorium organizations. The maximum possible time for a disabled person to stay in treatment depends on the type of illness or injury. As a general rule, treatment lasts up to 18 days. If a disabled person visits an institution due to diseases or consequences of injuries of the spinal cord and brain, then the period of treatment is extended to a maximum of 42 days.
• Free travel on suburban rail transport.
• Free travel on intercity transport if the disabled person goes to the place of treatment or back.
• Free travel on suburban and intercity transport, as well as a ticket to sanatorium organizations is provided free of charge to persons accompanying disabled people of the 1st group.

tax incentives

Disabled people of the 1st group are provided with a number of tax benefits. To get to know your rights in detail, a citizen will need to study the norms of tax legislation.

Property tax

Objects of taxation in accordance with Art. 407 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation recognizes real estate. Citizens who own such property make regular tax payments. The legislator releases disabled people of the 1st group from the obligation to pay property tax in respect of certain types of property.

Land tax

The land tax in relation to the disabled is not canceled, however, Part 5 of Art. 391 of the Tax Code of the Russian Federation allows them to count on a decrease in its value. Thus, according to the Tax Code of the Russian Federation, citizens recognized as disabled of the 1st and 2nd groups are entitled to a reduction in the tax base for land tax by an amount equivalent to the cadastral value of 600 square meters of land.

Muscovite social card

Disabled people of the 1st group living in the capital can become recipients of a Muscovite social card (). Such plastic cards, to which, if desired, you can transfer money, help people with disabilities receive social assistance.

Citizens who have received the status of a disabled person of the 1st group and a social card of a Muscovite are entitled to free travel in public and railway transport, discounts for services in hospitals, pharmacies and shops.

Disability Criteria

The order of the Ministry of Labor and Social Protection of the Russian Federation dated December 17, 2015 No. 1024n contains an exhaustive list of criteria that allow citizens to be classified as a certain disability group.

So, persons can be recognized as disabled of the 1st group if they have a health disorder, accompanied by a significant disorder of body functions, which leads to a limitation of life and causes the need for social protection.

Types of disability

Among the main restrictions experienced by disabled people of the 1st group are:

• A pronounced violation of the ability to self-service, that is, the ability to fulfill physiological needs, to conduct household activities. In the presence of such disorders, a person cannot serve himself. He is completely dependent on outside help.
• Pronounced impairment of the ability to move, that is, the ability to move while maintaining balance. With such a disorder, a disabled person of the 1st group has a complete inability to move, he needs regular help.
• Pronounced impairment of the ability to orientate. The face suffers from disorientation and needs external support.
• Severe impairment of the ability to communicate, which involves the complete absence of the ability to communicate.
• A pronounced violation of the ability to control one's behavior, that is, the inability of a disabled person to control himself. This condition is not amenable to correction, which creates a constant need to monitor the patient.
• Severe learning impairment implies an inability to any kind and method of learning.
• A pronounced violation of the ability to work means that a person is contraindicated in labor activity or he cannot carry it out.

How to get disabled status

Decree of the Government of the Russian Federation dated February 20, 2006 No. 95 contains norms describing the procedure for obtaining the status of a disabled person of the 1st group by a citizen.

Preparation of title documents

Preparatory actions during the registration of disability involve a visit to the attending physician of a citizen. The specialist will acquaint the patient with the conditions and procedure for obtaining the status of a disabled person, tell him what documents he needs to prepare.

A package of documents required for recognition of disability

Among the main documents that a citizen needs to collect, it should be noted:

• Direction for examination, which is compiled directly by the attending physician of the patient. In the direction, the doctor reflects information about the state of health, the degree of dysfunction of the body, compensatory possibilities and rehabilitation measures taken in relation to the person.
• Application for medical and social examination. It can be filled in by the citizen entitled to receive a disability, or by his representative.
• Citizen's passport.
• Income statement.
• Act on industrial injury or occupational disease.
• An outpatient card obtained in the medical institution where the patient is observed.
• Characteristics from the place of work or study.

Conditions for recognition of disability

The legislation contains a list of conditions without which citizens cannot be recognized as disabled.

Such conditions put forward certain requirements for the state of a citizen who wants to apply for disability, namely:

• A citizen must have a violation of health and a persistent disorder of body functions.
• The person must be restricted in life in accordance with the list of disability criteria.
• A candidate for disability must be in need of social assistance.

If only one of the listed conditions is met, then the citizen cannot be recognized as disabled. This status is recognized only for a person whose condition implies compliance with all the specified conditions.

The work of the medical commission for the examination

Where is the examination carried out?

Recognition of disability occurs on the basis of the results of a medical and social examination.

Having collected the necessary documentation, the citizen goes to the bureau that conducts the examination at the place of his residence.

If a citizen is unable to move, as is the case with disabled people of the 1st group, the examination will be carried out at the applicant's home. If a citizen is on inpatient treatment, the examination will be carried out in this medical organization.

Who is involved in the examination

Expertise should be carried out by specialist doctors, as well as bureau employees who specialize in the rehabilitation of citizens and social work. In addition, a psychologist is among the members of the expert commission.

The purpose of the examination is to establish the structure and degree of restriction of the citizen's life, as well as the level of his rehabilitation potential.

The essence of the examination is:

• in the examination of the applicant;
• analysis of the title documents provided to them;
• the study of the social and living conditions of a citizen;
• analysis of the psychological state of the person;
• studying the marital status and labor opportunities of a citizen.

Medical Specialist Protocol

The norms of the order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated December 29, 2015 No. 1171n indicate that, when conducting an examination, specialists from the bureau draw up a protocol. The specified order contains a standard form according to which the document is drawn up.

As a rule, it contains information established as a result of the examination of the applicant and concerning:

• date of receipt of the application for participation in the ITU;
• the date and time of the inspection;
• information about the candidate for obtaining the status of a disabled person of the 1st group;
• family status of a citizen;
• information about education and labor activity of a person;
• data on the procedure for conducting the inspection;
• clinical and functional data obtained during the examination;
• causes of disability;
• conclusions of the specialists of the bureau;
• information about ongoing activities for habilitation and rehabilitation.

The finished protocol is signed by each of the medical specialists who conducted the examination, as well as by the head of the expert organization.

The document must contain an imprint of the seal of the bureau whose employees conducted the medical and social examination.

Act of medical and social expertise

In the act of medical and social examination, the specialists who conducted the examination indicate their decision to recognize the citizen as disabled.

Order of the Ministry of Labor of Russia dated April 13, 2015 No. 228n regulates the form of the act drawn up as a result of a medical and social examination.

In this act, you can find important information such as:

• Information about a citizen who has the right to receive a disability.
• The decision made as a result of the examination of a citizen, which includes:
• characterization of the type and degree of health disorders of the person and limitations of his life activity;
• the assigned disability group or a record of refusal to award it.
• Reasons for the acquisition of disability by a citizen.
• The degree of disability of a citizen.
• The date on which the recertification is scheduled.

The drawn up act is certified by the signatures of specialists and the head of the bureau. The act of conducting the ITU is kept in the bureau for at least 10 years.

Disability Recognition

How is a disability decision made?

The results of the survey are discussed by experts. The decision of the commission that conducted the medical and social examination of a citizen to establish disability is taken by a majority of votes. All specialists participating in the examination of a citizen participate in the voting.

The decision of the commission that conducted the examination is announced to the citizen or his representative in the presence of the experts who carried out the examination. If necessary, experts give explanations regarding the content of their decision.

Disability Award Results

If a citizen was assigned the status of a disabled person of the 1st group, then he must remember that such a status is established for 2 years - until the next re-examination.

A citizen who has been recognized as disabled will receive a disability document and an individual rehabilitation program.

Employees of the bureau that conducted the examination will send an extract on the decision of the commission to the pension authorities that charge payments to the disabled person.

This extract is sent electronically or on paper within 3 days from the date of the decision to recognize the person as disabled.

Refusal to recognize the disability of the examined citizen

Citizens who have been denied recognition of disability can appeal the decision of the commission. Complaints are submitted to the main bureau within a month.

After receiving the complaint, the main bureau will appoint a new examination, as a result of which a final decision will be made on the complaint of the dissatisfied citizen. A new examination will be carried out no later than 1 month from the date of receipt of the citizen's application.

The decision of the main bureau can be appealed to the Federal Bureau within 1 month. This body will also set the date for a new examination of the person no later than 1 month from the date of receipt of the application.

The decisions of each of these bureaus can be appealed by citizens or their legal representatives in court.

Thus, citizens whose state of health meets the criteria described in regulations can apply for an examination to establish disability. According to the results of the examination, medical specialists will make a decision on recognizing the person as a disabled person of the 1st group.

Benefits for disabled people of the 1st group - federal and regional privileges, social compensations, payments, medical assistance to people with disabilities. Benefits cover the sphere of health care, transport, labor (if a person seeks to work), social security, taxation.

Group 1 is assigned to persons with the most serious pathologies. They cannot do without outside help and are in dire need of social protection.

Disabled people in the Russian Federation are protected by law, so they can count on the opportunity to live with dignity on an equal basis with other citizens.

Who is entitled to benefits in 2019

Disability is a congenital or acquired persistent dysfunction of organs or body systems. One or another group of disability is assigned to adults, depending on the degree of impairment of the individual's vital functions as a result of injuries or developmental defects. If pathologies are detected in a child, he is considered disabled since childhood.

Benefits for disabled people of the 1st group are provided to persons who meet the following characteristics:

• complete inability to self-service;
• inability to move without the services of other people and technical devices;
• tendency to disorientation;
• lack of self-control;
• restrictions on various types of labor activity;
• inability to receive a full-fledged education due to difficult communication with others and the impossibility of normal learning.

Which disabled people are not entitled to benefits

If an illness or injury was acquired by a person due to the use of drugs, alcohol, toxic intoxication, criminal acts, and even intentional injury, disability status is not assigned to him and, accordingly, benefits are not accrued.

List of benefits 2019

Disabled people of the 1st group apply for a number of preferences:

• monthly cash payments in the amount of 9103 rubles,
• free or subsidized medicines, as well as compensation for self-purchase of medicines,
• free prosthetics and orthopedic shoes, as well as dentures (except crowns made of precious metals),
• 50% discount on and
• free travel in municipal and suburban transport, as well as buses / minibuses, if the disabled person lives in the village,
• sanatorium treatment at the expense of the state,
• financial compensation,
• insurance pension payments in the amount of about 13,857 rubles,
• tax credits for land and property fees,
• means of technical rehabilitation: wheelchairs, chairs and crutches, prosthetics at the expense of the state budget,
• free repair of these mechanisms, replacement of spare parts (moreover, broken strollers do not need to be returned back, as it was before 2008),
• employment privileges,
• the right to enter educational institutions without competition.

Parents or guardians of disabled children of the 1st group are paid an allowance.

Utility discounts

Disabled people of the 1st group are entitled to at least 50% discount on a communal apartment and living space (if it is municipal / public housing). Residents of private houses are partially compensated for heating costs (in the amount of consumption norms).

Disabled people who need housing are entitled to an extraordinary right to housing (for example, if a person with disabilities has a disease that prevents cohabitation with relatives).

Every year for 3 years after registration of disability, a person can receive a voucher for rest and therapy in a sanatorium, as well as compensation for travel by train, train, plane, bus. If the patient needs an escort, the latter is also provided with this travel allowance.

The sanatorium is selected from among those located on the territory of the Russian Federation and recommended by the Ministry of Health. It is possible to replace a sanatorium holiday with an outpatient spa treatment without taking into account meals and accommodation.

Vouchers are provided for medical reasons, on which the duration of such treatment depends.

Children with disabilities receive benefits for rest and treatment without restriction.

Pensions

Disabled people of the 1st group are entitled to the largest pensions and fixed additional payments to them. In the presence of seniority, accruals are added to the pension.

In addition to these payments, some categories of citizens are paid pensions, the amount of which exceeds the usual pension disability benefits and depends on the cause of the disability (for example, those who were injured during the war, the blockade of Leningrad).

Study benefits

A disabled person has the right to enter any public educational institution without competition, as well as receive a scholarship, but only after passing exams and successfully passing the test. Upon admission, it is important to comply with the chosen specialty and the profile of the educational institution for medical indicators and recommendations from social services.

Employment in preferential mode

Many enterprises of various forms of ownership have quotas for persons with disabilities. Workplaces for the disabled must be properly equipped. The working week of a disabled person should not exceed 35 hours from maintaining the same salary as for a standard working week.

Employing people with disabilities is also beneficial for the owner of a production facility, because organizations that employ people with disabilities are funded by the state, and they are also assisted in lending.

Tax preferences

Disabled people of the 1st group are fully or partially exempt from certain taxes. For example, when contacting a notary, they pay only 50% of the cost of the state duty, and the transport tax is not charged at all from the owner of only one car registered in his name. Also, this category of persons does not pay property tax.

How to get benefits in 2019

To receive preferences, a disabled person and his guardian need to contact the Social Security, pension fund, tax. Here, a disabled person can achieve the provision of care, medical, legal services, employment, catering and in-kind assistance, assistance in obtaining socio-psychological support, the provision of ritual services, and assistance in organizing leisure activities.

Some benefits from the social package can be replaced with a ruble equivalent. The compensation includes expenses for medicines, a ticket and travel to the sanatorium.

In order to obtain the right to a free technical device for movement or other purposes, a disabled person needs to apply to the medical and social center at the place of residence for an examination. There, for each citizen, an individual rehabilitation program is assigned and a certificate is issued on the required auxiliary technical equipment.

Rehabilitation and habilitation

The process of individual recovery includes monitoring the changes taking place in a particular organ or system. After a thorough diagnosis, the doctor prescribes a list of measures that are optimal for the fastest recovery of the body. Also, the most necessary benefits are determined for a particular patient. For one person, help in finding a job is relevant, another needs vocational training, and a third needs the help of a social worker to improve their lives.

Habilitation of disabled people of the 1st group - social adaptation, the inclusion of a citizen in an active business and social life, providing for partial financial independence. For the purpose of habilitation, social workers organize events with the choice of a performer, which allows people with congenital malformations or lost abilities to normal activities to recover and acquire new skills.

The disabled person is free to refuse these activities without consequences. But a complete rejection of the rehabilitation program is undesirable, since it relieves the social security authorities of responsibility for the individual and receiving compensation for the proposed activities.

Preferences for disabled people in Moscow

Standard measures to compensate for the inconvenience associated with disability are being expanded for Moscow residents who have a Muscovite card.

Muscovites can use a special taxi that transports disabled people with a 50% discount, as well as 1 accompanying person, a wheelchair or other mobility aids. .