What to do if there is a ball in the chest. Hard ball in the mammary gland. What symptoms should be looked out for. A lump in the breast of a nursing woman. Causes of the formation of seals in the tissues of the breast

A bump in the breast in women can occur for several reasons. Often such formations are found on their own when probing. They can be of different sizes and vary depending on the origin. Often, such seals are not dangerous, but sometimes they require urgent treatment, therefore, if a bump is found in the mammary gland, it is recommended to immediately consult a doctor.

Causes

A bump that occurs in the mammary gland may be a small area of ​​connective tissue growth, which is formed due to the aggressive influence of estrogens. This seal, which is a zone of fibrosis, tends to increase and often changes in a certain phase of the menstrual cycle. However, bumps can appear not only due to the influence of this factor, which can be corrected by resorting to medications and lifestyle changes.

Seal in the mammary gland can occur for various reasons. Most often, such a formation is benign, if there are no additional symptoms that signal the oncological etiology of the tumor.

The main reasons for the appearance of compaction:

1. Unilateral mastopathy with a predominance of the cystic component. Education is localized. Often increases at the onset of menstruation. In this case, there are additional symptoms in the form of severity, swelling. A cloudy liquid that resembles colostrum may come out of the nipple. The cyst sometimes increases in size or remains unchanged for a long time.
2. Mastitis. With the stagnation of milk in a nursing mother, a similar seal may appear. At the same time, a high temperature often rises, milk is poorly expressed, and pain occurs in the causative gland.
3. Malignant tumor. It may be present in the mammary gland in the form of a ball that is mobile or tightly attached to the tissue.

With the oncological nature of the formation, there are additional signs that distinguish it from a benign tumor.

Among them:

• bloody discharge from the nipple;
• chest deformity;
• skin change over the causative site;
• swollen lymph nodes.

An ultrasound examination of the mammary glands is often prescribed as a diagnosis. In the presence of a controversial formation that has signs of both benign and malignant tumors, in addition to everything, a biopsy is performed.

In the formation of a benign cyst, hormonal failure plays a decisive role. When taking blood for research, an increase in prolactin, estrogen and a lack of progesterone are often found. Often, prolactin-dependent brain tumors cause a similar side effect. At the same time, there are light discharges from the mammary glands, resembling breast milk.

How to eliminate a lump

If the node is small and benign, as a result of hormonal changes, then surgery is not performed. It is eliminated by using medication. For this, an integrated approach is being taken.

If the cause is a prolactin tumor, then drugs are prescribed that promote the resorption of such a formation and reduce the production of an increased hormone. With an increase in estrogens, hormone therapy with synthetic progestogens is used: Urozhestan or Duphaston.

At the same time, the negative effect of estrogen is smoothed out and the proliferation processes in the mammary gland are suspended. The cyst decreases in size and may dissolve.

With purulent mastitis, antibiotic therapy is indicated. It is advisable to express breast milk every hour to reduce pain symptoms and restore normal lactation.

In this case, it is not recommended to self-medicate, but you should consult a doctor who will prescribe antibiotics suitable for a nursing woman. After recovery, the bump disappears and is not palpable. If you start the pathological process, then surgery will be required to open the formation.

When a malignant tumor is detected, treatment is approached comprehensively. Unfortunately, in order to save the life of the patient, it is necessary to remove the mammary gland, since partial resection in a particular case may not be enough. At the initial stage, it is possible to excise only a certain segment of the breast with the preservation of the gland.

In addition to this, drug and radiation therapy, as well as hormonal agents, are often used. The prognosis of treatment depends on the area of ​​tumor localization, on its nature and size.

It is very important to seek the advice of a mammologist immediately after finding any seal in the breast, so as not to miss precious time.

Video

You can learn about the diagnosis of breast cancer in the following video.

Content

Women who find seals in the breast, instead of running to the doctor and examining the mammary glands, often begin to reassure themselves that everything will resolve itself. It is worse if they start treatment with folk remedies. A correct diagnosis and timely treatment can save you from serious consequences, death.

What to do if you find a lump in the chest

The female body has a feature - breast tissue is extremely sensitive to hormonal changes. If you have a seal in the mammary gland, urgently undergo an examination by a mammologist. Neoplasm can be malignant and benign. Only a doctor, after examining and doing additional research, can give an accurate answer. After that, he will decide on the necessary method of treatment.

Changes in the breasts can occur during menstruation, but disappear after they are over. Benign neoplasms are amenable to therapeutic and surgical treatment. Timely detected breast cancer has a favorable prognosis after removal with subsequent treatment. Do not postpone the examination if you find:

• areas of tissue that are different from others;
• change in the shape, size of the breast;
• discharge of fluid from the nipples;
• peeling, redness of the skin;
• compaction in the mammary gland;
• pit formation.

Causes of breast pain

Girls and women often have to deal with soreness of the mammary glands, the pain manifests itself in different ways: it can be bursting and pulling, whining or characterized by a strong burning sensation. The causes of pain are:

• hormonal changes 2-3 days before menstruation;
• breast cysts;
• adenofibroma;
• mastitis - inflammation of the mammary glands;
• lactocele - a cyst filled with breast milk during feeding;
• lactostasis - the occurrence of milk stagnation until a feeding regimen has been formed.

Pain in the mammary glands can appear as a consequence of trauma, which is accompanied by the appearance of hematomas, bruises. Contributes to their occurrence uncomfortable, tight underwear. Causes of pain can be:

• unsuccessful implants, leading to compression of nerve endings and inflammation;
• taking hormonal drugs;
• shingles with painful eruptions;
• breast oncology.

Mastalgia

The manifestation of chest pain - mastalgia - can be cyclic or unsystematic. In the first case, this is due to monthly hormonal changes in the female body. Such pains can begin at a young age (in adolescents) and manifest themselves up to menopause. They differ in that they are bilateral and cover both mammary glands. Feelings are similar to bursting, accompanied by increased sensitivity. Acyclic - unsystematic pain - often occurs in a specific area of ​​\u200b\u200bone breast. They are strong, with an unbearable burning sensation.

Fibroadenomatosis

If, when probing, you find a ball in the chest, smooth to the touch, it means that you have a benign seal in the mammary gland - fibroadenomatosis. The appearance of such education is typical for the age of 20-30 years. The disease is treated surgically. When neglected, the disease can develop into an oncological neoplasm. The reasons for the appearance are:

• dissatisfaction with sexual life;
• stressful situations;
• refusal to breastfeed;
• dysfunction of the ovaries.

There are different forms of the disease:

• Diffuse fibroadenomatosis. It is characterized by small foci of granular nodules, which are located on both mammary glands, the location is different.
• localized form. It is distinguished by a firm seal in the mammary gland with clear edges.
• Focal. With it, the glandular tissues are replaced by fibrous ones.
• Cystic. There are many formations such as cysts.
• Nodal. Neoplasms look like separate seals.

Phylloid fibroadenoma

A benign neoplasm is often located at the top of the chest, has the shape of dense balls or ovals. There is a risk of breast cancer. During pregnancy, fibroadenoma growth accelerates. The size can reach 35 centimeters. When planning a pregnancy, the seal should be removed. Can provoke a tumor:

• obesity;
• dysfunction of the thyroid gland;
• diabetes;
• gynecological diseases;
• hormonal disorders.

Mastopathy of the mammary glands

The disease is observed in childbearing age. A bump on the chest can be a single node or with a predominance of several cysts. Mastopathy of the mammary gland is characterized by arching pains. They can increase before menstruation and decrease towards their beginning. The cause is hormonal disorders, so fibrocystic mastopathy at an early stage is treated with hormones. Seals occur due to:

• abortion;
• chest injury;
• irregular sexual life;
• excessive solar radiation;
• chronic fatigue;
• heredity;
• nervous disorders.

Attention! The information provided in the article is for informational purposes only. The materials of the article do not call for self-treatment. Only a qualified doctor can make a diagnosis and give recommendations for treatment, based on the individual characteristics of a particular patient.

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Seal in the mammary gland - what to do when it appears. Causes of compaction in the mammary gland

The tightness in the chest can scare any of us. Especially in our time, when so many people die from cancer. A bump in the breast in women, and we will talk about it today on the Shtuchka.ru website, can have a variety of forms, origins, cause pain or show no signs at all.

To be calm for your health, every woman with suspected education in the mammary gland should first of all be examined by a specialist mammologist.

Mastopathy

Under the term "mastopathy" are combined formations in the breast, which are directly dependent on hormones in the body of a woman. Most often, mastopathy develops in the fair sex, in which estrogen prevails over progesterone, prolactin and thyroid hormones are produced in excess.

A bump in the mammary gland in women may appear due to nodular or diffuse mastopathy, which is not uncommon in recent times. Nodular mastopathy is characterized by a single seal, and with diffuse mastopathy, several dense nodules can be felt, mobile and not fused with the surrounding tissues.

Neoplasms of a benign nature

• Cyst. A neoplasm that is dense to the touch, which consists of connective tissue with contents inside. In this condition, the bump in the breast in women hurts.
• Atheroma. It occurs when the ducts of the sebaceous glands are blocked, the localization zone is the subcutaneous epithelium.
• Thrombosis of vessels in the breast.
• Fibroma. A mass of connective tissue that usually does not cause pain, but gives a feeling of heaviness in the chest.
• Fibroadenoma. Unlike fibroma, it also contains glandular tissue. It is one of the types of tumors, has clearly defined contours, smooth edges and regular shape. One of the types of fibroadenoma, namely leaf-shaped, has a tendency to degenerate into a malignant formation.
• Consolidation caused by impact or injury. In this case, the vessels in the mammary gland can be damaged, followed by the development of a hematoma. As a rule, small bruises go away on their own and without health consequences. If the blow was strong, then there is a high risk of bumps appearing at the site of the hematoma. Such a lump may not resolve for a long time, and often becomes the cause of the development of the inflammatory process.

Neoplasms of a malignant nature

A malignant tumor from other harmless formations is distinguished by several signs. Which ones, you can find out in the continuation of this article on the website 6tu4ka.ru .:

• nodules inside the mammary glands are dense and motionless;
• a bump in the breast in women that hurts;
• blood, blood clots and other pathological secretions will come out of the nipple;
• nipples, one or both, retracted;
• nipples have changed their color and shape;
• the color of the skin of the mammary glands has changed;
• puffiness appeared;
• axillary lymph nodes on the side of the neoplasm are enlarged.

In order to understand how likely the development of cancer is, a mammologist must examine the patient for the presence of tumors in the mammary gland that are in the last stages of development. These include:

• Lipoma. It is formed from the fatty layer.
• Atheroma. Affecting the ducts of the sebaceous glands.
• Granuloma. Residual induration after the end of the lactation period. The remains of milk present inside the organ turn into a kind of reservoir.
• Hemangioma. A dangerous formation, consisting mainly of blood vessels, which from the last stage can turn into cancer.
• Lymphoma. A malignant form of education, in which the seal has clear contours and a regular round shape.

Breast cancer in the initial stages is a small dense ball, painless on palpation. In this case, in some women, the lump is located under the mammary gland. The skin becomes wrinkled and the nipple retracts.

If the cancer is stage 3 or fourth, then the seal quickly increases in size. The mammary gland is modified, the skin becomes similar to the peel of a lemon. Sometimes there is swelling of the hand.

Breast lump in a breastfeeding woman

If a woman is breastfeeding, then there are frequent cases when the child “does not have time” for milk. It is produced in more quantities than the baby needs, as a result of which blockage of the milk ducts occurs. The cork formed during this blocks the way for milk, the lobule becomes rough and takes the form of a dense cone. This phenomenon is called lactostasis.

With lactostasis, the nursing mother should put the baby to the breast as often as possible and be sure to express the rest of the milk. In severe cases, lactostasis turns into mastitis, characterized by an inflammatory process with infection of the breast tissue. Mastitis, in turn, leads to an abscess - the accumulation of pus in the milk lobule.

The normal course of life of a young mother with lactostasis, mastitis, and even more so an abscess, is disrupted due to a strong increase in body temperature, chills and weakness, and a lump in the breast in nursing women is unbearably painful. If lactostasis is treated with conservative methods, namely, frequent breastfeeding and pumping, then with mastitis and abscess, the help of a surgeon is required.

Diagnosis of neoplasms

In order to reliably know what type of breast lump is detected, a medical examination may be required, including:

• chest x-ray (mammography);
• puncture (examination of cystic contents);
• study of discharge from the nipple;
• biopsy.

You should not get depressed in advance and think about the bad, because only 5% of the bumps in the breast in women are really oncology. Diagnostic measures are necessary to exclude cancer and find a suitable method of treatment.

www.6tu4ka.ru

A bump in the breast in women - what it could be: causes, symptoms, treatment

As a result of daily examination in front of the mirror of her breasts, a woman may notice an unusual seal. To the touch, it may resemble a ball or a small bump. These formations of a dense nature can move inside under the skin. However, do not immediately be afraid, a lump in the mammary gland does not always provoke complex diseases.

Let's see if there is a bump in the sternum in women - what it is, and what could be the causes. Is this formation benign or malignant?

To clarify the diagnosis, you need to visit a specialist. At the doctor's appointment, you need to describe the exact location of the seals and if any accompanying symptoms appear, then they should also be reported.

Do not immediately panic if a ball is found in the sternum in women; the patient immediately has thoughts about what kind of neoplasm it is, the causes of its occurrence and how to get rid of it.

In the field of mammology, studies have been conducted that have identified the main and secondary causes of the appearance of bumps in a woman's chest.

fibrocystosis

This disease occurs due to the overgrowth of connective tissue.

Breast-feeding

A bump in the mammary gland is often formed when milk stagnates in the breast of a nursing mother.

It is impossible to allow the development of the disease, as there may be consequences in the form of complications (mastitis and other inflammatory processes). A bump in the sternum in a nursing woman with HS is accompanied by painful symptoms when touched.

In the event that the flow of milk is strong and it is produced in greater quantities, blockage of the ducts in the gland may occur. Thus, a lump may occur in the mammary gland of a nursing mother.

For chest injury

If a woman has suffered an injury in the form of a blow to the chest with a heavy object or hand, a hematoma will soon form at this place, which will then develop into a lump in the mammary gland in the form of a ball.

The hematoma may resolve or turn into a seal.

Poorly chosen underwear

Another reason may be the wrong choice of bra for everyday use.

Underwear with hard bones, uncomfortable cups, large silicone inserts are harmful to breast health.

Hormonal causes

If the hormonal background fails, a ball will form in the breast of the girl.

secondary factors:

• Disease of the veins - thrombophlebitis. Inflammation leads to the formation of blood clots. It is not recommended to start the disease, otherwise the pain in the mammary glands will become stronger.
• If the amount of estrogen in the body is too high, then there are gynecological or endocrine diseases, due to which a lump appears in the breast in women.
• Climax. If it comes earlier than the due time, then this contributes to the occurrence of seals.
• A ball in the mammary gland may appear after stressful tension.

Types of pathologies

These are breast formations that depend directly on hormones in the female body. Formed due to excessive production of prolactin and thyroid hormones.

Types of mastopathy:

• Nodular - a small ball is formed in the mammary gland;
• Diffuse - a lot of mobile dense cones are formed.

These include:

• A cyst is a formation of a dense nature, consisting of connective tissues. A woman with this disease may feel pain in her chest.
• Atheroma. The ducts of the sebaceous gland are clogged and balls appear in the chest.
• Thrombosis of the vessels of the mammary glands.
• Fibroma. This neoplasm gives a feeling of heaviness, does not cause severe pain.

Breast abscess

Breast abscess does not occur on its own. It is a complication of mastitis, cysts or tumors in the breast. Pus appears in the cavity of the mammary gland. Mostly appears during breastfeeding.

Malignant neoplasms

Tumors that are malignant and form in the breast are called breast cancer. The neoplasm is formed in the form of a seal in the chest, which has a tuberous shape, painless. The tumor can occur in any part of the breast.

The most dangerous and insidious disease is breast cancer. At an early stage, the disease passes without particularly pronounced symptoms. This is the time to start treatment. But due to the fact that the patient is not even aware of the disease that has arisen, the treatment is delayed. In the last stage of cancer, metastases occur that affect the entire body.

Their symptoms are:

• the nature of the seals is dense and immovable;
• bumps cause pain to a woman;
• bloody discharge from the nipples;
• the color of the skin of the chest changes;
• nipples change shape, become retracted;
• swelling appears.

A mammologist conducts a special study on the presence of a tumor in order to understand how the cancer develops.

Diagnostics

Balls in the mammary glands in women can be diagnosed by the following methods:

1. Mammography and x-ray. These methods are most often used to detect new formations in the mammary glands. They carry reliable information.
2. biopsy method. It is carried out by taking tissue material from the place where the seal has formed. In the future, this tissue is studied and its type is determined. This method determines the nature of the compaction - a cyst, mastopathy, a malignant or benign neoplasm.
3. Ultrasound procedure. With the help of waves, all tissue layers are examined, and it is determined whether there are bumps in the chest.
4. Ductography. A special substance is introduced into the ducts of the mammary glands. In this way, a bump on the mammary gland in women is detected.
5. Puncture. The material is taken from the mammary gland by piercing with a needle or a special gun. The resulting material is then examined.

Additional diagnostic methods include MRI.

His results:

• evaluate the effectiveness of chemotherapy;
• help conduct research in those women who have an increased risk of developing cancer;
• confirm or, conversely, refute the earlier diagnosis.

self-examination

This procedure allows you to identify the disease at an early stage, which will lead to timely treatment and complete recovery. After menstruation on the 10th day, a self-examination is carried out, during the period when the breast stops hurting and the swelling disappears.

The procedure includes the following steps:

1. Bra inspection. You need to make sure that there are no stains on it.
2. Visually inspect the nipples and breasts (redness, rash, dryness, change in size).
3. In the supine position, feel the chest. With your fingers, slowly moving along the chest, feel all zones.
4. When taking a shower or bath, slide your soapy fingers over your chest, feeling for any changes.

Treatment

The doctor prescribes a course of treatment after a confirmed diagnosis and the identified causes of the formation of balls.

If a patient has cancer, surgical treatment, radiation and chemotherapy are used.

In case of mastopathy, it is necessary to change the diet and take drugs prescribed by the attending physician (multivitamins; drugs that relieve swelling).

Prevention

To prevent the occurrence of bumps in the chest, the following must be observed:

1. Proper nutrition. Include more fruits and vegetables in your diet. Try not to consume fatty, salty, coffee.
2. Get rid of bad habits (smoking and alcohol).
3. Do not consume cold food and drinks, as this contributes to the formation of cysts.
4. Do not be nervous, avoid stressful situations.
5. Engage in regular physical exercise.
6. The bra should be made of natural fabric and pitted.

One of the important preventive methods is an annual examination by specialists. This must be done to timely determine the presence of pathologies in the body. If symptoms appear, immediately consult a doctor who will make an accurate diagnosis and prescribe the correct treatment.

Video

You will learn about the types of seals in the chest and the causes of their occurrence from our video.

Home » Symptoms » Seals » What a bump in the breast can mean: an overview of the causes and methods of treatment

molzheleza.ru

The appearance of lumps in the breast in women

Among the large number of modern diseases, women are concerned about those associated with the mammary glands. In addition to the well-known breast cancer, there are many other pathologies that can be very dangerous for general health. The most common symptom is a lump in the breast in women. Of course, one lump will not make a diagnosis, this symptom is not enough for diagnosis. A lot depends on where it is located, its size, density, what other symptoms are present.

When do bumps appear?

A small bump in the chest can appear for natural reasons related to hormonal processes in the body, before menstruation, during it, and also at the end of it. If from month to month, seals appear during these periods, without bringing pain, discomfort and are not accompanied by discharge from the nipples, then there is nothing to worry about. However, when visiting a doctor, this must be mentioned.

There are a number of other cases where a bump in the chest can be the main symptom of a serious illness that requires urgent treatment. If a seal appears inside the mammary gland (in the tissues), on the chest (under the skin), near the nipple or on the nipple itself, you should immediately contact a specialist. You should also pay attention to the bumps that appear in the armpits, because this zone is connected with the breast by lymph nodes.

What to do if a bump is felt in the chest

When a bump begins to be felt in the mammary gland, it is necessary to contact a mammologist. Before going to a specialist, it is important to pay attention to general well-being: temperature, whether the seal hurts, whether there is discharge from the nipples, where the seal is specifically felt. All these factors will help the doctor to make a clearer, more understandable picture for diagnosis.

Possible diseases

The formation of bumps in the mammary gland is accompanied by several diseases:

Fibrocystic mastopathy

This is one of the forms of mastopathy common in nursing mothers. The cause of the appearance of seals is the excessive growth of some areas of the mammary gland. Because of what cavities appear - cysts, and various nodes in the bump. These processes affect both breasts, among the symptoms there is also soreness, the strength of which changes during the menstrual cycle. Perhaps the appearance of seals in the armpits. The difference is the benign nature of these seals. This type of mastopathy has never turned into cancer. But this does not mean that it should not be treated. Sometimes it is required to remove (remove) the formed nodes.

benign tumor

A small bump may well be a single benign formation in the mammary gland. These neoplasms are divided among themselves according to histological features:

• Fibroadenoma
• Papilloma (intraductal)
• Lipoma
• Cyst

Such tumors can be formed under the influence of mastopathy, but they can appear on their own, and not as a consequence of the disease.

Abscess

Appears rarely and only in women during breastfeeding. This disease implies the presence of a site with purulent fusion. An abscess is a consequence of mastitis, if left untreated. Simply put, it is an inflammation of the mammary gland. Mastitis occurs when harmful bacteria enter the breast ducts, as well as when milk stagnates. An abscess looks like a hard lump that causes pain of a sharp type. An abscess is one in the presence of additional symptoms:

• Increase in general body temperature.
• Change in the shape of the breast, as a result of tissue edema.
• Enlarged lymph nodes under the arm.
• General weakness and malaise, like a cold.

Mammary cancer

This is the most dangerous disease, the harbinger of which may be the appearance of a bump. The whole danger of cancer lies in the fact that it does not show any symptoms for a long time. Often it can be detected only in the last stages. A cancerous tumor is very dense in its formation, while it has a strong fusion with the surrounding tissue.

The appearance of formations on the nipple and around it

Bumps can appear not only in the mammary glands themselves, but also on the nipples, near the nipple and near the nipple. Most often, the appearance of seals near the nipple zone is a benign formation. Small seals, white - the consequences of the accumulation of secretions. When the duct is blocked, the secret accumulates in the glands. This issue is purely aesthetic. It is not dangerous to health and will go away on its own with time. Therefore, if a white bump appears on the nipple, small in size, without pain, there is no reason for concern.

Sometimes such an outgrowth can be a symptom of malignant processes. The appearance of warts, or as they are also called - papillomas, are the consequences of a common disease called the human papillomavirus. There is only one treatment for him - surgical removal.

If you are reading these lines, we can conclude that all your attempts to combat chest pain were unsuccessful ... Have you even read something about medicines designed to defeat the infection? And this is not surprising, because mastopathy can be deadly for a person - it can develop very quickly.

• Frequent chest pain
• Discomfort
• experiences
• Allocations
• Skin changes

When a lump appears in the mammary gland, of all the questions, only one remains: “what could it be?”. Do not immediately think about breast cancer. The appearance of seals in the chest can be caused by completely natural processes in the body. In addition, they may turn out to be benign formations that are not harmful to health. At the same time, it is worth more closely monitoring your well-being and general condition. If these seals do not cause any discomfort or pain, there is nothing to worry about. However, visiting a doctor and consulting will not be superfluous.

bolivgrudi.ru

What diseases can cause a lump in the breast

A bump in the breast usually puts a woman into a stupor, she starts to panic. But it is worth calming down and, first of all, seek the advice of a doctor. This circumstance should not be ignored, since a lump in the breast may indicate the initial stage of breast cancer. Unfortunately, in recent years, this disease is observed more and more often.

There are other reasons for the appearance of a lump in the mammary gland, but in order to exclude oncology, it is necessary to conduct regular examinations. Approximately 40% of women can detect various abnormalities (cyst, abscess, etc.).

Any neoplasm can be called a seal in the chest - these are bumps, nodules, lumps, etc. All of them are characterized as a tumor. This phenomenon can also be observed in men. If a seal is found in a teenager, then this is considered a natural process of the formation of an adult organism, since children at this age are subject to hormonal changes.

If a bump in the chest was found in a man, then he is sent for an additional examination, which includes an ultrasound scan and a blood test for hormones. A tumor in the mammary gland is observed mainly in women and is often accompanied by soreness and the presence of discharge from the nipples.

Symptoms of benign seals can be primarily the mobility of the neoplasm, which begins to appear before the onset of menstruation, as well as a change in the location of these bumps.

They can form due to the following violations:

1. If the excretory duct is enlarged.
2. With benign tumors.
3. With purulent inflammation in the tissues of the mammary gland (abscess).
4. With the formation of blood clots.
5. The bumps can be ordinary wen.
6. With local necrosis of adipose tissue.

It is necessary to consult a doctor in case of the following incomprehensible manifestations:

1. The appearance of discharge from the nipple, especially with bloody contents.
2. Change in breast size or shape.
3. The appearance of dimples on the skin of the mammary gland.
4. The appearance of a rash in the nipple area, if it has changed in appearance, for example, it looks sunken.
5. Pain in the chest or armpit.
6. Lump or swelling in the armpit.

Causes of the formation of seals in the tissues of the breast

The appearance of compacted formations can occur for the following reasons:

1. Mechanical damage to the uterus and ducts in the mammary gland. Often, seals form at the site of injury, as fat cells become necrotic, which leads to the growth of tumors.
2. If a woman wears uncomfortable underwear, for example, a bra with iron underwire that presses.
3. During breastfeeding, women may develop blockage of the ducts. This is due to the fact that the iron is not released from milk in a timely manner. Poor hygiene also leads to this condition, as infection through the nipples can cause a lump to form. A frequent disease during lactation is mastitis, it proceeds with high fever, breast compaction and skin redness.
4. Before the onset of menstruation, a woman may feel that in different places the mammary gland has become harder.
5. The presence of a cyst, abscess, or tumor can cause lumps in the breast. In this case, neoplasms are both benign and cancerous in nature. Such nodes are accompanied by discharge from the nipples in the form of thick mucus and soreness.
6. Thrombophlebitis. This disease sometimes leads to the formation of blood clots in the mammary gland.
7. Too high secretion of the hormone estrogen.
8. Other reasons for the appearance of lumps in the chest include thyroid disease, frequent or early abortions, gynecological disorders, the onset of early menopause, frequent stressful situations, etc.

It is not worth reminding that a woman with violations of such a plan should visit, first of all, a mammologist.

The diagnosis will be made on the basis of tests and various studies:

• radiograph;
• mammography;
• ductography;
• ultrasound examination of the breast;
• laboratory tests are given, and, first of all, discharge from the chest and vagina is checked.

Only a comprehensive diagnosis can reveal the true disease.

Possible diseases

The following pathologies can lead to seals in the mammary gland:

Fibrocystic education

This is, first of all, mastopathy, which is benign. It is characterized by soreness, especially the pain intensifies a few days before the onset of menstruation. Places of inflammation and compaction can be felt independently.

Nodular mastopathy

It is presented in the form of balls or clusters, which are located in the mammary gland. In this case, pain is not felt. A woman may notice greenish or serous discharge from her nipples. Neoplasms are mobile, in the supine position they are not palpable. In this case, the lymph nodes located nearby are enlarged.

Diffuse neoplasm

This disease is characterized by a uniform growth of nodes and cords that close the milk ducts. Such small cysts or abscess become a threat of degeneration into oncology.

Mixed diffuse tumor

There is pain, an increase in the mammary gland 6-7 days before the onset of menstruation. This happens due to an increase in the secretion of steroid hormones. Often the disease occurs against the background of late pregnancy and childbirth, with artificial termination of pregnancy, menstrual cycle failures, with pathologies in the thyroid gland, after a uterine injury. Late or early menopause can also cause a mixed diffuse tumor.

Benign formations

The most common types of such tumors include the nodular and leaf-shaped type of fibroadenoma.

breast cancer

It usually results from a hormonal imbalance in the body. This is primarily the growth of steroid hormones - estrone, estriol, estradiol. When diagnosing the disease, either nodal or diffuse type of inflammation is detected.

The following symptoms may indicate cancer:

• the bump is dense to the touch under the mammary gland or directly in the organ;
• the formation is motionless, soldered to other tissues;
• after the next menstruation, the tumor does not become smaller;
• discharge from the papillary region;
• enlarged lymph nodes in the armpit;
• Most often, these symptoms can occur during menopause.

Tumors during pregnancy and lactation are formed due to deformation of the glands under the influence of mammotropic, steroid and polypeptide hormones. When childbirth has already occurred, the production of these hormones becomes lower.

Do breast lumps need to be treated?

If the lumps in the mammary gland are of a benign nature, then doctors agree that treatment should be started when the tumor reaches a large size or brings pain to the patient. Some of these formations, such as fibroadenomas, cysts in the mammary gland and fatty necrosis, an abscess, resolve on their own over time without any therapy. But this does not mean that the visits to the doctors end there. A person with a lump in the chest will have to be examined regularly to prevent the growth and development of the tumor.

So, the following measures can be attributed to the general principles of therapeutic measures for benign tumors in the breast:

1. Therapy is carried out when the infection enters the mammary gland or when the organ is sore.
2. If pain is felt, then the patient takes appropriate medications - this may be Paracetamol or a number of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs.
3. If the pain is severe, then the following drugs are often prescribed - Tamoxifen, Danazol or Bromocriptine.
4. If a bacterial infection has joined, then antibiotics are prescribed.

Sometimes pain and tightness in the breasts go away when certain rules are followed, for example, by reducing the intake of fatty foods or changing an uncomfortable bra.

If a cyst has become the cause of a lump in the mammary gland, then it is often necessary to pump out fluid from an overly large neoplasm. This treatment method is called puncture. First, local anesthesia is performed, then a needle is inserted into the organ under ultrasound control, which pumps out excess fluid. If discomfort is felt after the procedure, this is immediately reported to the doctor. Repeated puncture is acceptable, but if the fluid accumulates again, then the cyst is removed surgically. Malignant seals are treated mainly by the surgical method.

Igh study decoding of the mammary gland

2018 Women's Health Blog.

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Small lumps in the breasts in women can be associated with menstruation and completely disappear after they end. In other cases, the detection of bumps or other changes in the breast should be the reason for a mandatory visit to the doctor.

Breast cancer is an extremely dangerous disease, but, fortunately, it is very rare. Much more often, in approximately 90% of cases, a non-cancerous neoplasm becomes the cause of compaction in the breast, many of which also require timely treatment.

There are several types of benign tumors in the breast, most of which are harmless and are formed under the influence of hormonal changes, such as during the menstrual cycle. Such formations can be: fibroadenoma or cyst. Sometimes the cause of a bump in the chest is an infectious lesion of the mammary gland - mastitis or abscess.

In order to notice any changes as early as possible, it is necessary to monitor the condition of the breast. You need to know how the breast looks in normal condition, and regularly examine it. Over the age of 50, it is necessary to undergo a mammogram every three years - an X-ray examination of the breast. At a younger age, ultrasound diagnostics is used. Both tests help identify signs of breast cancer, if any.

You should also consult a doctor if you find the following changes in the mammary gland:

• discharge from the nipple, possibly with blood;
• change in the size or shape of the breast;
• the appearance of dimples on the skin of the chest;
• rash on or around the nipple;
• change in the appearance of the nipple, for example, it becomes sunken;
• persistent chest or armpit pain;
• the appearance of a lump or swelling in the armpit.

Do not be afraid if you are referred for additional examinations, this does not mean that the doctor suspects you have breast cancer. In most cases, it turns out that the seal is benign.

Seal (bump) in the chest: possible causes

In most cases, seals in the mammary gland are benign in nature, that is, they are not associated with a malignant disease - cancer. As a rule, they are not dangerous, and do not require treatment.

Fibrocystic mastopathy or fibroadenosis- the general name of a group of benign formations in the mammary gland, which are accompanied by pain (mastodynia or mastalgia) and an increase in breast size. Most clearly, the symptoms of fibrocystic mastopathy are noticeable before or during menstruation. The intensity of manifestations of fibroadenosis varies from barely noticeable to severe and painful. In some women, seals are formed in only one mammary gland, in others - in both. With the end of menstruation, the bumps in the breast usually disappear or are significantly reduced. It is believed that one of the causes of mastopathy is the incorrect reaction of breast tissue to hormonal changes during the menstrual cycle.

Fibroadenoma is a smooth, round, benign tumor of breast tissue that forms outside of the milk ducts. To the touch, a fibroadenoma is a pea or bump in the chest, which is not soldered to the surrounding tissues and is easily displaced. More often, fibroadenoma is single, rarely multiple, or is found in both mammary glands. Usually it does not disappear after the end of the next menstruation and requires treatment, although in some cases it may eventually go away on its own.

The reason for the appearance of fibroadenoma is not completely clear, but it is believed that its growth and development are associated with an atypical effect of the hormone estrogen. The tumor forms mainly in young women, when the level of this hormone in the blood is highest or after menopause, but only in those women who use hormone replacement therapy, that is, they receive estrogen in the form of tablets.

Cyst in the breast is a fluid-filled vesicle that forms in the breast tissue, which can cause a smooth, hard lump in the breast. Most common in women aged 30-60 years. The size of the cysts can be different: very tiny or reaching several centimeters in diameter. There may be several cysts, in one or both mammary glands.

Often, these breast cysts are asymptomatic, although some women experience pain. As with fibroadenomas, hormones are thought to be involved in the formation of cysts, as pre-menopausal women or those on hormone replacement therapy most often suffer from the disease.

breast abscess- accumulation of pus in the tissues of the chest, which is accompanied by high fever and inflammatory changes in the skin over the affected area. The most common cause of an abscess is a bacterial infection. Usually, bacteria enter the breast through microcracks or sores on the skin of the nipple, sometimes formed during breastfeeding.

Other benign causes of breast lumps:

• mastitis- soreness and inflammation of the breast tissue;
• fat necrosis- a hard, uneven bump, often resulting from trauma or bruising of the chest, for example, after breast surgery;
• lipoma- fatty formation in the form of a bump;
• intraductal papilloma A wart-like growth inside the milk duct that can also cause discharge from the nipple.

breast cancer- a rare, but extremely dangerous cause of compaction in one of the mammary glands, which can appear not only in women, but also in men. Possible signs that indicate a malignant cause of a bump in the breast are the following:

• dense to the touch;
• does not move, soldered to surrounding tissues;
• does not decrease after the end of the next menstruation;
• the skin above the bump is deformed or when the mammary gland is displaced, a hole appears on the skin;
• discharge from the nipple;
• enlargement of the lymph nodes in the armpit;
• onset in older women after menopause.

Breast cancer may also have other symptoms. The risk of developing breast cancer increases with age, in most cases the disease is diagnosed in women and men over 50 years of age. The predisposition to this disease can also be increased if it occurs in relatives.

Seal (tumor) in the chest: diagnosis

It is important to study well the appearance of your chest and the sensations that arise when you feel it in a normal state, in order to immediately notice any unusual changes in it. See your gynecologist if you notice a lump in your breast or a change in its appearance or shape.

For preliminary diagnosis, the doctor will need the following additional information:

• When did you first notice the induration?
• Are there other symptoms such as pain or discharge from the nipple?
• Do symptoms depend on the menstrual cycle?
• Have you had a chest injury?
• Are you exposed to risk factors for breast cancer, for example, do you have a close relative who has had the disease?
• What medications are you currently taking?
• Have you ever breastfed?

After finding out the symptoms, examining and probing the mammary glands, the doctor may prescribe additional examinations to finally determine the diagnosis. In this case, do not worry prematurely. The examination is necessary for an accurate study of the nature of education in the breast and is included in the diagnostic standard.

A referral for additional tests does not mean that the doctor suspects that you have breast cancer. In most cases, tests and tests help rule out malignancy and prove that the lump is benign (non-cancerous). The most commonly prescribed examination methods are described below.

Mammography is a simple procedure in which an image of the internal structure of the breast is obtained using x-rays. This allows early detection of changes in breast tissue. During the procedure, the breast is placed on the plate of the X-ray machine and pressed down from above with the second plate. Then an x-ray is taken and the study is repeated on the second breast.

Mammography takes only a few minutes, but due to the pressure on the mammary glands of the machine's plates, it can be unpleasant and even slightly painful. After the examination is completed, the x-rays are carefully examined and described by the radiologist in order to find and identify possible signs of any breast diseases in time.

Mammography is usually ordered after the age of 40. In younger women, this study is not so revealing, because the breasts have a greater density, small formations in it are less distinguishable in the pictures, which makes diagnosis difficult. As an alternative study for young patients, an ultrasound examination of the mammary glands is recommended.

Ultrasound examination (ultrasound) is based on the use of high-frequency sound waves to create an image of the mammary glands from the inside. An ultrasonic probe or sensor is placed on the chest, which transmits the image to the monitor. Any existing seals or developmental deviations will be clearly visible on it.

A breast ultrasound may be ordered after a mammogram to find out if a lump found in the breast is a solid tumor or contains fluid. If it was not possible to diagnose the cause of the lump in the breast either with the help of mammography or ultrasound, a breast biopsy may be prescribed.

Biopsy involves taking a tissue sample from the tumor for analysis. The sample is taken with a hollow needle, which is inserted through the skin into the area to be examined. To insert the needle into the right place, the doctor will be guided by the image obtained during the ultrasound or x-ray. When the needle is in the right place, the tissue sample is "sucked out". The procedure is usually performed under local anesthesia to avoid pain or discomfort.

Seal in the chest: is it necessary to treat?

Often, a benign lump in the breast only needs to be treated when it gets large or causes pain. Some types of breast lumps, such as fibroadenomas, breast cysts, and fat necrosis, may resolve over time without treatment. If treatment is not required, the doctor may ask you to return for a check-up after some time to monitor the size of the bumps in the breast, as well as if any changes appear in the mammary glands. The general principles for the treatment of benign breast lumps are described below.

Drug therapy is prescribed if the induration is causing pain or the cause of the disease is an infection. The following drugs may be recommended:

• pain relievers, such as paracetamol or non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs);
• tamoxifen, danazol, or bromocriptine are sometimes prescribed for chest pain;
• antibiotics to treat mastitis or breast abscesses resulting from a bacterial infection.

For some women, pain relief is as simple as cutting down on saturated fat and wearing a fitting bra.

Sometimes it is necessary to pump out fluid from a cyst in the mammary gland. This is called a puncture. After local anesthesia under ultrasound guidance, a needle is inserted into the cyst and the contents are removed with it. The fluid sample may then be sent for analysis to confirm the diagnosis. Sometimes, after the procedure, the cyst refills with fluid. If you have any complaints after the puncture, be sure to consult a doctor. The fluid can be drained again, but if the cyst continues to fill, it may be surgically removed.

If the benign lump in the breast is very large or continues to grow, it can be removed with surgery. Most often, surgical treatment is required for fibroadenomas, cysts in the mammary gland, fat necrosis and intraductal papillomas. Surgical removal of a tumor from the breast is usually performed under general anesthesia. The neoplasm can be cut out with a sharp surgical instrument or removed using a special suction. The resulting surgical material must be sent to the laboratory to confirm the diagnosis and exclude a malignant neoplasm. You can usually go home on the day of surgery or a day later. As with any surgical intervention, there is a risk of side effects: hematoma formation, swelling or bleeding, as well as infectious complications.

If the lump in the breast turns out to be malignant, special treatments are required. You can read more about breast cancer treatment.

Which doctor should I contact if a lump appears in the chest?

Any formation in the breast that does not disappear after the end of the next menstruation or appears in a woman after menopause must be shown to the doctor. To do this, you need to find a good gynecologist. The primary diagnosis of breast diseases is also carried out by a doctor or a nurse in the examination room. A narrower specialist who deals with the treatment of benign and malignant diseases of the mammary glands is a mammologist. It is worth contacting him in cases where you already know your diagnosis and need serious treatment.

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Localization and translation prepared by Napopravku.ru. NHS Choices provided the original content for free. It is available from www.nhs.uk. NHS Choices has not been reviewed, and takes no responsibility for, the localization or translation of its original content

Copyright notice: “Department of Health original content 2019”

All materials on the site have been checked by doctors. However, even the most reliable article does not allow taking into account all the features of the disease in a particular person. Therefore, the information posted on our website cannot replace a visit to the doctor, but only complements it. Articles are prepared for informational purposes and are advisory in nature.

Seals in the mammary gland are the most common complaint with which women turn to a gynecologist or mammologist. In most cases, neoplasms are benign in nature. However, they require constant monitoring to prevent degeneration into cancer. Therefore, it is important for every woman to know what causes the appearance of seals in the mammary gland, what are the dangerous symptoms.

A lump in the mammary gland may appear against the background of diseases of the mammary gland and other organs of the woman's reproductive system. The following causes of neoplasms are distinguished:

• hormonal imbalance. In some cases, the appearance of painless seals in the mammary gland is the norm in young women. In such cases, a change in the hormonal background occurs as part of the menstrual cycle, pregnancy. In adult patients, a hormonal imbalance can provoke the development of benign and malignant seals;
• sedentary lifestyle;
• formations in the cranial box (for example,);
• uncomfortable underwear. A small seal in the chest may appear when the organ is injured by steel bones;
• thrombophlebitis. The disease can lead to the development of blood clots in the mammary gland, which lead to the formation of nodules and seals;
• obesity;
• chest injury. An active lifestyle or unsuccessful falls can lead to bruises, the development of bruises and small seals. It takes 3-7 days to eliminate such neoplasms;
• stressful situations.

Main types of seals

According to the modern classification, the following types of neoplasms in the breast are distinguished:

When to See a Doctor

With the development of the following symptoms, an urgent consultation of a specialist is necessary:

• the appearance of signs of nodular fibrocystic mastopathy - multiple small nodules;
• severe deformity of one mammary gland;
• the appearance of a depression in the skin when a woman raises her hands;
• when pressed, a bloody or purulent liquid is released from the nipples;
• constant pain in the chest in the area of ​​the nodules;
• axillary lymph nodes increase in size.

A timely appeal to a specialist will allow timely diagnosis of breast cancer, completely curing a dangerous pathology.

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Neoplasms in children

Seals in the mammary gland can develop not only in adult women, but also in children. A young child may get sick. In such cases, swelling develops against the background of a hormonal crisis that occurs immediately after childbirth. Usually neoplasms are noted in children who were born with overweight. In rare cases, pressure releases fluid from the nipples. Benign seals in the chest in a child do not require special therapy, they resolve on their own.

Nodular formations in the mammary gland often develop in adolescent girls from 10 to 14 years old against the background of hormonal imbalance during puberty. In such cases, a retroareolar adenoma appears. Nodular mastopathy and breast cancer in childhood practically does not occur. However, it is important to remember that the possibility of degeneration of any benign seals into malignant remains.

How to diagnose

Diagnostic measures are an important step in the treatment of seals that develop in the mammary gland. After all, it is important to make a timely and accurate diagnosis, because small nodules can be a sign of a fatal disease. Comprehensive diagnostics involves the use of the following methods:

1. ultrasound. This is a safe and painless technique that involves exposure to ultrasonic radiation. The study is widely used for fibrocystic mastopathy, with suspicion of breast cancer.
2. Mammography. It is an X-ray examination of the chest, which helps to determine the presence of even small seals, determine their type, localization. However, in young girls, images are of poor quality due to low X-ray contrast.
3. Ductography. The technique has a certain similarity with mammography, however, it involves the use of contrast agents. This helps the doctor to consider the existing defects in the structure of the mammary gland, the presence of adjacent formations.
4. Biopsy. An accurate diagnostic technique that involves taking a tissue sample from a pathological neoplasm. The study allows you to differentiate the nature of the tumor, to establish a diagnosis.
5. MRI. It is an auxiliary diagnostic technique that is widely used as an alternative to ultrasound and x-rays. The study allows you to confirm the diagnosis, evaluate the effectiveness of therapy, surgical treatment.

At a young age, you should undergo a study of the mammary glands 1 time in 2 years. Women over the age of 40 are recommended to have a mammogram as part of a routine check-up every year.

Modern methods of therapy

If a woman groped for seals in the right or left mammary gland, then do not hesitate. It is important to see a doctor as soon as possible. The tactics of therapy is determined by the results of complex diagnostics. The following treatment approaches are widely used:

• conservative therapy. If the bump under the breast is benign, then treatment with hormonal drugs is recommended. The tactics of treatment for nodular mastopathy involves the normalization of lifestyle, the appointment of hormones, complex multivitamin preparations, immunomodulators. Analgesics are used to eliminate pain in the area of ​​\u200b\u200bdensification. Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs will help reduce the severity of inflammation. With nodular mastopathy of the mammary gland, it may be necessary to take drugs that help improve local blood flow;
• surgical intervention. Fibroadenoma, nodular mastopathy, breast cancer require surgical treatment. During the operation, the surgeon performs excision of a pathological neoplasm or tumor with surrounding healthy tissues;
• complex therapy of breast cancer. Treatment of the disease in the early stages involves removing the seal from the breast, then the patient needs chemotherapy. Therapy is carried out until a stable remission or improvement in the patient's well-being. Treating late-stage cancer promptly is pointless. If metastases have appeared in the body, then the woman needs palliative therapy. Treatment helps to reduce the severity of pain, alleviate the patient's condition.

The treatment regimen for nodular mastopathy and other seals in the mammary gland involves the exclusion of any thermal procedures, physiotherapy treatment. Heating can provoke the degeneration of benign formations into cancer.

Preventive actions

Prevention of the development of seals involves regular examinations by a mammologist and self-examinations at home, timely treatment of endocrine disorders and inflammatory processes. It is recommended to exclude the influence of provoking factors, normalize nutrition, and introduce moderate physical activity into your schedule. Nodular mastopathy develops against the background of diffuse changes in the mammary glands, therefore it is necessary to treat the initial stages of mastopathy and such pathology as in time.

Seals in the chest in women are not the norm. This is a wake-up call that should not be ignored. In most cases, neoplasms in the mammary gland are benign, and therefore not dangerous to health. However, some seals can degenerate into cancer, for example, nodular mastopathy. Therefore, it is important not to start the disease, to seek qualified medical help in a timely manner.